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Saputra F, Kishida M, Hu SY. Oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide disrupts zebrafish visual development by altering apoptosis, antioxidant and estrogen related genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14454. [PMID: 38914633 PMCID: PMC11196719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is considered deleterious molecule that cause cellular damage integrity and function. Its key redox signaling molecule in oxidative stress and exerts toxicity on a wide range of organisms. Thus, to understand whether oxidative stress alters visual development, zebrafish embryos were exposed to H2O2 at concentration of 0.02 to 62.5 mM for 7 days. Eye to body length ratio (EBR) and apoptosis in retina at 48 hpf, and optomotor response (OMR) at 7 dpf were all measured. To investigate whether hydrogen peroxide-induced effects were mediated by oxidative stress, embryos were co-incubated with the antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) at 50 μM. Results revealed that concentrations of H2O2 at or above 0.1 mM induced developmental toxicity, leading to increased mortality and hatching delay. Furthermore, exposure to 0.1 mM H2O2 decreased EBR at 48 hpf and impaired OMR visual behavior at 7 dpf. Additionally, exposure increased the area of apoptotic cells in the retina at 48 hpf. The addition of GSH reversed the effects of H2O2, suggesting the involvement of oxidative stress. H2O2 decreased the expression of eye development-related genes, pax6α and pax6β. The expression of apoptosis-related genes, tp53, casp3 and bax, significantly increased, while bcl2α expression decreased. Antioxidant-related genes sod1, cat and gpx1a showed decreased expression. Expression levels of estrogen receptors (ERs) (esr1, esr2α, and esr2β) and ovarian and brain aromatase genes (cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b, respectively) were also significantly reduced. Interestingly, co-incubation of GSH effectivity reversed the impact of H2O2 on most parameters. Overall, these results demonstrate that H2O2 induces adverse effects on visual development via oxidative stress, which leads to alter apoptosis, diminished antioxidant defenses and reduced estrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitsuyo Kishida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Yokogawa T, Mori Y, Torii H, Goto S, Hasegawa Y, Kojima T, Kamiya K, Shiba T, Miyata K. Accuracy of intraocular lens power formulas in eyes with keratoconus: Multi-center study in Japan. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1839-1845. [PMID: 38217766 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas, namely, SRK/T, Haigis, Barrett Universal II, Barrett True-K for keratoconus, Kane formula, and Kane formula for keratoconus, for cataract with keratoconus in Japanese eyes. SETTING Five surgical sites in Japan. DESIGN A retrospective case series. METHODS Eyes with keratoconus undergoing cataract surgery were included. Postoperative refraction was compared with the prediction by the formulas. Visual acuity, manifest spherical equivalent, prediction error (PE), and mean absolute errors (MAEs) were determined 1 month postoperatively. The PE within 0.50 diopter (D), 1.00 D, and 2.00 D were compared between IOL formulas. Subgroup analysis based on the steepest keratometry (stage 1, ≤ 48 D; stage 2, > 48 D and ≤ 53 D; and stage 3, > 53 D) was performed. The relationship between PE and preoperative biometric data were assessed. RESULTS Fifty eyes were included. The MAE of the Barrett True-K for keratoconus, Kane keratoconus, and Kane formulas were significantly lower than that of Haigis. A statistically significant difference in the prediction accuracy within ± 0.50 D was found between Kane keratoconus and Haigis. The prediction accuracy of the Barrett True-K for keratoconus, SRK/T, and Kane within ± 1.00 D was statistically significant compared with that of Haigis. In stage 3, the Barrett True-K for keratoconus had a significantly lower MAE than SRK/T and Haigis. CONCLUSION Keratoconus-specific formulas were more accurate than existing formulas in Japanese eyes. The Barrett True-K formula for keratoconus had higher prediction accuracy in severe keratoconus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yokogawa
- Miyata Eye Hospital, Kurahara 6-3, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan.
| | - Yosai Mori
- Miyata Eye Hospital, Kurahara 6-3, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Torii
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - So Goto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Room E7, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8902, Japan
- Herbert Wertheim School Optometry and Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-2020, USA
| | - Yumi Hasegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8076, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Nagoya Eye Clinic, 24-14 Namiyose, Atsuta-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 456-0003, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kamiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiba
- Roppongi Shiba Eye Clinic, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyata
- Miyata Eye Hospital, Kurahara 6-3, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
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Miao AO, Lin P, Qian D, Xu J, Lu YI, Zheng T. Association Between Endothelial Cell Density and Corneal Thickness in Medium, Short, and Long Eyes of Han Chinese Cataract Patients. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 262:10-18. [PMID: 38316200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the endothelial cell density (ECD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in medium, short, and long eyes of preoperative Han Chinese cataract patients. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS We consecutively enrolled 410 eyes, namely, 50 short eyes (axial length [AL]<22.0 mm), 150 medium eyes (22.0≤AL<24.0 mm), 120 medium-long eyes (24.0≤AL<26.0 mm), and 90 long eyes (AL≥26.0 mm), of 410 adult patients scheduled for cataract surgery. The ECD and CCT were determined preoperatively with a noncontact specular microscope. The association between the CCT and ECD was identified by using a multivariable regression analysis. A thin cornea was defined as having a CCT less than 500 µm. RESULTS After adjusting for age, the presence of arterial hypertension, the presence of diabetes mellitus, intraocular pressure, and AL, a positive association between the CCT and ECD was identified in short eyes (linear regression coefficient [B]=3.40; standardized B [β]=0.52; P = .03), medium eyes (B = 2.33; β=0.28; P = .002), medium-long eyes (B = 1.84; β=0.25; P = .02), and long eyes (B = 2.69; β=0.41; P = .04). In the total group, the multivariable logistic analysis showed a significant link between the presence of a thin cornea and a lower ECD (odds ratio [OR]=0.80 per 100 cells/mm2 increase; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS For cataract patients of Han ethnicity, a significant association between a thin CCT and a lower ECD was shown across the AL spectrum and was most prominent in short eyes. Eyes with a thin cornea are more likely to have a lower ECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Miao
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China
| | - Peimin Lin
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjin Qian
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China
| | - Y I Lu
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zheng
- From the Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (A.M., P.L., D.Q., J.X., Y.L., T.Z.), Shanghai, China.
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Chen HC, Yang SF, Lee CY, Huang JY, Hsueh YJ, Sun MH, Chiang MC, Huang YS, Chu SM, Hsu JF, Liu CH, Chang CK, Chen KJ, Hwang YS, Lai CC, Huang CY, Wu WC. Corneal Endothelial Morphology and Ocular Biometric Indexes in Premature Children With and Without Retinopathy of Prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:37. [PMID: 38780946 PMCID: PMC11127487 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.5.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) morphology and ocular biometrics in premature (PM) children with or without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods Retrospective data on patient demographics, HCECs status, and ocular biometrics with at least 2 visits between 2016 and 2021 were reviewed. The main outcomes were endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonal cell ratio (HEX), central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length, anterior chamber depth, keratometry, corneal diameter, pupil diameter, and refraction status. Generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the differences between PM no-ROP and ROP groups. We also analyzed the trend of ECD, CV, HEX, and CCT change with age between groups. Results The study included 173 PM patients without ROP and 139 patients with ROP. A total of 666 and 544 measurements were recorded in the PM no-ROP and ROP groups, respectively. The ROP group had higher spherical power, myopic spherical equivalent (SE), and steeper steep keratometry (K; P < 0.05). The ROP group had higher CV (P = 0.0144), lower HEX (P = 0.0012) and thicker CCT (P = 0.0035). In the HCECs parameters, the ROP group had slower ECD decrement (P < 0.0001), faster CV decrement (P = 0.0060), and faster HEX increment (P = 0.0001). A difference in corneal morphology changes between the ROP and PM no-ROP groups were prominent in patients with lower gestational age (GA) in the subgroup analysis. Conclusions Worse HCECs morphology and higher myopic status were initially observed in patients with prior ROP but not in PM patients with no-ROP. ECD and HCECs morphology improved with age, especially in patients with low GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hui Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chou Chiang
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Chu
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fu Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Chang
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Tanaka T, Nishitsuka K, Obata H. Correlation of Ocular Biometry with Axial Length in Elderly Japanese. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:351-360. [PMID: 38332905 PMCID: PMC10850987 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s446031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ocular parameters are not only useful for diagnosing diseases but also for guiding treatment approaches. A lot of previous studies have reported ocular parameters and its relations before cataract surgery. However, despite ethnic differences in ocular biometry, few reports have dealt with Japanese. Hence, this retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to measure parameters of preoperative cataract patients and examines the correlations between each parameter in Japanese elderly people. Patients and Methods The 210 subjects had their ocular axial lengths measured with OA-2000. The endpoints were ocular axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), average anterior corneal radius of curvature (CR), white-to-white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT). Our analyses utilized the eye with the longer AL in each person. Each parameter was analyzed for correlations in a round-robin manner. Regression analyses were performed on parameters correlated with AL. Results The parameters correlated with AL were CR (r = 0.33, P < 0.0001), WTW (r = 0.29, P < 0.0001), ACD (r = 0.59, P < 0.0001), and LT (r = -0.30, P < 0.0001). These parameters related to AL in all simple regression equations (CR (P < 0.0001), WTW (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.0001)). In multiple regression analyses, CR, ACD, and LT might relate to AL (CR (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.018)). LT tended to be thinner as AL increased, while CR, WTW, and ACD tended to increase. Conclusion This information may be useful in developing strategies for ophthalmic surgery, as it provides information on the location of intraocular tissues. Various parameters have been used in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in recent years and knowledge of the interrelationship among parameters may be useful in determining IOL power according to ethnicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishitsuka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroto Obata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
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Ezinne NE, Roodal D, Ekemiri KK, Persad T, Mashige KP. Ocular parameters and anthropometry in Indo-Trinidadians. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36763. [PMID: 38206703 PMCID: PMC10754602 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To assess ocular parameters and their association with anthropometric measurements in Indo-Trinidadians adults. This was a clinical, descriptive, cross-sectional study of ocular parameters and anthropometry in adults Trinidadians of South Asian descent (Indo-Trinidadian). Ocular parameters were measured using optical coherence tomography, intraocular lens master biometer, and an autorefractor. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were measured by anthropometry. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were used to determine the association between demographic variables, anthropometric and ocular parameters. A total of 149 participants (298 eyes) comprising of 90 females (60.6%) and 59 males (39.4%). Aged 18 to 67 participated in the study. Males were taller, heavier, and had longer axial lengths than females which were statistically significant (P < .05). Age was negatively correlated with central corneal thickness (CCT) (r = -0.353, P = .044) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (r = -0.348, P = .047) but positively correlated with lens thickness (R = 0.881, P < .001). Education level was positively associated with CCT (R = 0.408, P = .018) but negatively associated with lens thickness (r = -0.521, P = .002). Weight was negatively correlated with corneal topography (r = -0.427, P = .013). Height was negatively correlated with cup-to-disc ratio (r = -0.410, P = .018), CCT (r = -0.382, P = .028), and corneal topography (r = -0.453, P = .008). There was no correlation between BMI, ocular parameters and CCT. There was a significant difference in the ocular parameters between males and females of South Asian descent in Trinidad and Tobago. Weight was negatively associated with the corneal topography. Height was negatively associated with the cup-to-disc ratio, central corneal thickness, and corneal topography. BMI had no statistically significant association with the ocular parameters investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngozika E. Ezinne
- Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Denielle Roodal
- Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Kingsley K. Ekemiri
- Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tamara Persad
- Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
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Zhang Z, Mu J, Wei J, Geng H, Liu C, Yi W, Sun Y, Duan J. Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:472. [PMID: 37990308 PMCID: PMC10662558 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refractive errors are one of the most common ocular conditions among children and adolescents, with myopia showing an increasing prevalence and early onset in this population. Recent studies have identified a correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline from January 1, 2012, to May 1, 2023. Various ocular biometric parameters were summarized under different refractive states, including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), corneal curvature (CC), Corneal curvature radius (CR),axial length-to-corneal radius ratio (AL/CR ratio), choroidal thickness (ChT), retinal thickness (RT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), and retinal blood density (VD). The differences in these parameters among different refractive states were analyzed using Stata software with fixed or random-effects models, taking into account the assessed heterogeneity level. RESULTS This meta-analysis included a total of 69 studies involving 128,178 eyes, including 48,795 emmetropic eyes, 60,691 myopic eyes, 13,983 hyperopic eyes, 2,040 low myopic eyes, 1,201 moderate myopic eyes, and 1,468 high myopic eyes. The results of our study demonstrated that, compared to the control group (emmetropic group), the myopic group and low, moderate, and high myopic groups showed significant increases in AL, AL/CR ratio, and ACD, while the hyperopic group exhibited significant decreases. Compared to the control group, the myopic group had a significantly increase for CC, while CR, CCT, perifoveal RT, subfoveal ChT, foveal ChT, parafoveal ChT, perifoveal (except nasal) ChT, and pRNFL (except temporal) significantly decreased. Compared to the control group, the hyperopic group had a significantly increase for subfoveal ChT, foveal ChT, parafoveal ChT, perifoveal ChT, and nasal pRNFL. Compared to the control group, the low and moderate myopic groups had a significantly decreases for the CCT, parafoveal RT (except nasal), perifoveal RT (except nasal), and pRNFL (except superior and temporal). Compared to the control group, the high myopic group had a significantly increase for CR, while LT, perifoveal ChT (except nasal), parafoveal RT, perifoveal RT, and pRNFL (except temporal) had significant decreased. CONCLUSION The changes of ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents are closely related to refractive errors. Ocular biometric parameters devices, as effective non-invasive techniques, provide objective biological markers for monitoring refractive errors such as myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengrui Zhang
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyu Mu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Geng
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhua Yi
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junguo Duan
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Hashemi H, Heydarian S, Hashemi A, Khabazkhoob M. Axial length and anterior chamber indices in elderly population: Tehran Geriatric Eye Study. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1876-1882. [PMID: 38028525 PMCID: PMC10626346 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.11.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the normative distribution of axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and some of their associated factors in subjects aged 60 and over. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 160 clusters were sampled using multi-stage cluster sampling in Tehran, Iran. After a preliminary interview, the participants underwent optometric examinations including visual acuity and refraction measurement followed by slit lamp biomicroscopy. Finally, ocular imaging was done using the Pentacam AXL to measure AL, ACD, ACV, and ACA. RESULTS A total of 4519 eyes of 2436 participants were evaluated, of whom 58.0% (n=1412) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 67.32±6.05y (range: 60-95y). The mean AL, ACD, ACV, and ACA was 23.22 mm (23.18-23.27 mm), 2.61 mm (2.59-2.62 mm), 126.56 mm3 (125.08-128.04 mm3), and 30.61° (30.3°-30.92°), respectively. In the multivariable model, after adjusting for the effect of both eyes, the longest and shortest AL was seen in myopic and hyperopic subjects, respectively. AL, ACD, ACV and ACA were significantly larger in men compared to women (P<0.001). Except ACA, other evaluated parameters showed an inverse correlation with age (P<0.001), however, this correlation was insignificant for AL (P=0.623). CONCLUSION Normative value of AL, and other biometric parameters are specific for each ethnicity, age and sex group. Any alteration in these parameters and their effect on refraction should be considered in this age group, especially in case of cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Samira Heydarian
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran
| | - Alireza Hashemi
- Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1968653111, Iran
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Jonas JB, Spaide RF, Ostrin LA, Logan NS, Flitcroft I, Panda-Jonas S. IMI-Nonpathological Human Ocular Tissue Changes With Axial Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:5. [PMID: 37126358 PMCID: PMC10153585 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe nonpathological myopia-related characteristics of the human eye. Methods Based on histomorphometric and clinical studies, qualitative and quantitative findings associated with myopic axial elongation are presented. Results In axial myopia, the eye changes from a spherical shape to a prolate ellipsoid, photoreceptor, and retinal pigment epithelium cell density and total retinal thickness decrease, most marked in the retroequatorial region, followed by the equator. The choroid and sclera are thin, most markedly at the posterior pole and least markedly at the ora serrata. The sclera undergoes alterations in fibroblast activity, changes in extracellular matrix content, and remodeling. Bruch's membrane (BM) thickness is unrelated to axial length, although the BM volume increases. In moderate myopia, the BM opening shifts, usually toward the fovea, leading to the BM overhanging into the nasal intrapapillary compartment. Subsequently, the BM is absent in the temporal region (such as parapapillary gamma zone), the optic disc takes on a vertically oval shape, the fovea-optic disc distance elongates without macular BM elongation, the angle kappa reduces, and the papillomacular retinal vessels and nerve fibers straighten and stretch. In high myopia, the BM opening and the optic disc enlarge, the lamina cribrosa, the peripapillary scleral flange (such as parapapillary delta zone) and the peripapillary choroidal border tissue lengthen and thin, and a circular gamma and delta zone develop. Conclusions A thorough characterization of ocular changes in nonpathological myopia are of importance to better understand the mechanisms of myopic axial elongation, pathological structural changes, and psychophysical sequelae of myopia on visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard F Spaide
- Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, United States
| | - Lisa A Ostrin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Nicola S Logan
- School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Flitcroft
- Centre for Eye Research, School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Wu J, Liu W, Zhu S, Liu H, Chen K, Zhu Y, Li Z, Yang C, Pan L, Li R, Lin C, Tian J, Ren J, Xu L, Yu H, Luo F, Huang Z, Su W, Wang N, Zhuo Y. Design, methodology, and preliminary results of the non-human primates eye study. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:53. [PMID: 36750922 PMCID: PMC9903517 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the normative profile of ophthalmic parameters in a healthy cynomolgus monkey colony, and to identify the characteristic of the spontaneous ocular disease non-human primates (NHP) models. METHODS The NHP eye study was a cross-sectional on-site ocular examination with about 1,000 macaques held in Guangdong Province, southeastern China. The NHPs (Macaca fascicularis, cynomolgus) in this study included middle-aged individuals with a high prevalence of the ocular disease. The NHP eye study (NHPES) performed the information including systematic data and ocular data. Ocular examination included measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior segment- optical coherence tomography (OCT), slit-lamp examination, fundus photography, autorefraction, electroretinography, etc. Ocular diseases included measurement of refractive error, anisometropia, cataract, pterygium, etc. RESULTS: A total of 1148 subjects were included and completed the ocular examination. The average age was 16.4 ± 4.93 years. Compared to the male participants, the females in the NHPES had shorter axial length and the mean Average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (except for the nasal quadrants). The mean IOP, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, central corneal thickness, choroid thickness and other parameters were similar in each group. CONCLUSION The NHPES is a unique and high-quality study, this is the first large macaque monkey cohort study focusing on ocular assessment along with comprehensive evaluation. Results from the NHPES will provide important information about the normal range of ophthalmic measurements in NHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Wei Liu
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641 China
| | - Sirui Zhu
- grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Kezhe Chen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Yingting Zhu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Zhidong Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Chenlong Yang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Pan
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Ruyue Li
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Caixia Lin
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641 China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou, 510900 China
| | - Hanxiang Yu
- Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou, 510900 China
| | - Fagao Luo
- Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou, 510900 China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou, 510900 China
| | - Wenru Su
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. A Study Linking Axial Length, Corneal Curvature, and Eye Axis With Demographic Characteristics in the Emmetropic Eyes of Bangladeshi People. Cureus 2022; 14:e29925. [PMID: 36225244 PMCID: PMC9536359 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Axial length (AL) and corneal curvature (CC) are one of the furthest critical parameters for optometry and oculoplastic surgery. These two variables are crucial in biometry for accurately measuring the power of the intraocular lens in cataract surgery. This research aimed to determine the association linking axial length and corneal curvature with demographic characteristics in emmetropic eyes of Bangladeshi people. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out among 200 emmetropic eyes of Bangladeshi people attending the Department of Ophthalmology at Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh, with different eye conditions, between July 2017 and June 2018. Data was gathered by conducting person-to-person interviews, checking visual activity using the Snellen chart, and measuring corneal curvature using an auto-keratometer and axial eyeball length using A-scan ultrasonography. Results A total of 200 attendances were studied, 90 males and 110 females. All were emmetropic. The age range was 21-52 years, and the highest contributors were in the 21-30-year age group. The association between right axial length and right corneal curvature shows a negative relation among both sexes. It was -0.61 (β-coefficient (β-coff)), and highly significant in females at -0.89 (β-coff). Additionally, the association between left axial length and left corneal curvature shows a negative relation of -0.65 (β-coff), which was again highly significant in females at -0.87 (β-coff). Both were not significant in males. There was no significant association linking axial length and eye axis in both sexes. The multivariate regression model was used to assess the p-value, and the regression model was adjusted by age. Conclusion Optical parametric measurement is a noninvasive diagnostic and assessment tool that might help in the actual measurement of intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery and may also provide supplementary information to the researcher domain.
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Axial Growth Driven by Physical Development and Myopia among Children: A Two Year Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133642. [PMID: 35806925 PMCID: PMC9267224 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The physical process of axial length growth among children and its role in the occurrence of myopia remain insufficiently explored. In this study, we investigate the patterns of ocular axial growth among persistent myopia (PM) and persistent non-myopia (PNM) children aged 3 to 15 years. Methods: A group of 6353 children aged 3 to 15 years, selected from rural schools in China, were followed up annually for 2 years. Biometric measurements including axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were obtained. Body height was recorded. Children were divided into two groups: PM group defined as SER of −0.50 D or less; PNM group defined as −0.50 D < SER < +3.0 D during follow-up. Results: Annual AL growth was fairly consistent for PNM eyes of children aged 3 to 11 years and then reduced significantly (independent t test, p < 0.001) for children aged 12 years and older. This pattern of AL changes was similar for PM children, although the AL growth was greater among them. Among children aged 6 and older, body height change was concomitant to AL growth (p < 0.01) and SER myopic shift (p < 0.001) until reaching 12 years old (p = 0.308 and p = 0.679, respectively). Conclusions: Stature growth and AL growth are both remarkable and consistent and concomitant but start to attenuate when the children reach 10 to 12 years old among emmetropic children. This observation suggests that AL growth is driven by physical development until 12 years old, whereas its excessive growth is dominated by myopia development.
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Fuse N, Sakurai M, Motoike IN, Kojima K, Takai-Igarashi T, Nakaya N, Tsuchiya N, Nakamura T, Ishikuro M, Obara T, Miyazawa A, Homma K, Ido K, Taira M, Kobayashi T, Shimizu R, Uruno A, Kodama EN, Suzuki K, Hamanaka Y, Tomita H, Sugawara J, Suzuki Y, Nagami F, Ogishima S, Katsuoka F, Minegishi N, Hozawa A, Kuriyama S, Yaegashi N, Kure S, Kinoshita K, Yamamoto M. Genome-wide Association Study of Axial Length in Population-based Cohorts in Japan. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2022; 2:100113. [PMID: 36246171 PMCID: PMC9559092 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2022.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To elucidate the differences in ocular biometric parameters by generation and gender and to identify axial length (AL)-associated genetic variants in Japanese individuals, we analyzed Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo) Eye Study data. Design We designed the ToMMo Eye Study, examined AL variations, and conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Participants In total, 33 483 participants aged > 18 years who were recruited into the community-based cohort (CommCohort) and the birth and three-generation cohort (BirThree Cohort) of the ToMMo Eye Study were examined. Methods Each participant was screened with an interview, ophthalmic examinations, and a microarray analysis. The GWASs were performed in 22 379 participants in the CommCohort (discovery stage) and 11 104 participants in the BirThree Cohort (replication stage). We evaluated the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AL using a genome-wide significance threshold (5 × 10-8) in each stage of the study and in the subsequent meta-analysis. Main Outcome Measures We identified the association of SNPs with AL and distributions of AL in right and left eyes and individuals of different sexes and ages. Results In the discovery stage, the mean AL of the right eye (23.99 mm) was significantly greater than that of the left eye (23.95 mm). This difference was reproducible across sexes and ages. The GWASs revealed 703 and 215 AL-associated SNPs with genome-wide significance in the discovery and validation stages, respectively, and many of the SNPs in the discovery stage were replicated in the validation stage. Validated SNPs and their associated loci were meta-analyzed for statistical significance (P < 5 × 10-8). This study identified 1478 SNPs spread over 31 loci. Of the 31 loci, 5 are known AL loci, 15 are known refractive-error loci, 4 are known corneal-curvature loci, and 7 loci are newly identified loci that are not known to be associated with AL. Of note, some of them shared functional relationships with previously identified loci. Conclusions Our large-scale GWASs exploiting ToMMo Eye Study data identified 31 loci linked to variations in AL, 7 of which are newly reported in this article. The results revealed genetic heterogeneity and similarity in SNPs related to ethnic variations in AL.
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14
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Asymmetric Peripheral Refraction Profile in Myopes along the Horizontal Meridian. Optom Vis Sci 2022; 99:350-357. [DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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15
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Elmadina AM, Abdu M, Alrasheed SH, Alrahman NM, Hamza AE, Alobaid MA. Change in refraction, corneal power and axial length of the eye secondary to silicone oil tamponade injection after pars plana vitrectomy. AFRICAN VISION AND EYE HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.4102/aveh.v81i1.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Refractive and ocular biometric changes after silicone oil tamponade (SOT) in phakic eyes have been studied thoroughly; however, similar studies amongst Sudanese patients with vitreoretinal conditions were not carried out.Aim: This study aimed to assess post-operative changes in refraction, corneal power and axial length after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with SOT in phakic patients.Setting: The study was conducted at Sudan Eye Center, Khartoum, Sudan.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective hospital-based study was performed at Sudan Eye Center. The study included all phakic patients who underwent PPV with SOT for a variety of vitreoretinal conditions from October 2018 to January 2019. Clinical investigations included uncorrected visual acuity (VA), best-corrected VA, refraction, corneal power and axial length pre- and post-surgery. Differences in these parameters were assessed using a paired sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05.Results: Medical records of 59 consecutive patients (59 eyes, 41 men and 18 women) with ages ranging from 22 years to 75 years were studied. The findings revealed a statistically significant hypermetropic change (pre: –0.17 ± 2.44 dioptre [D] and post: +4.43 ± 2.04 D) with a p-value of 0.001. In terms of axial length, there was a significant increase (pre: 23.61 ± 1.17 mm and post: 23.82 ± 1.27 mm; p 0.001). However, no significant change was found in corneal power (pre: –43.60 ± 1.96 D and post: 43.63 ± 2.03 D; p = 0.45).Conclusion: A hypermetropic shift in refraction, longer axial length and non-considerable increase in corneal power were observed amongst Sudanese phakic patients after PPV with instillation of silicone oil.
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Wasser LM, Tsessler M, Weill Y, Zadok D, Abulafia A. Ocular Biometric Characteristics Measured by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Individuals Undergoing Cataract Surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 233:38-47. [PMID: 34314687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the distribution of ocular biometric parameters using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometer in adult candidates for cataract surgery. DESIGN A retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS This is a single-center analysis of consecutive eyes measured with the IOLMaster 700 SS-OCT biometer at a large tertiary medical center between February 2018 and June 2020. RESULTS Three thousand eight hundred thirty-six eyes of 3836 patients were included in the study. The mean ± SD age was 72.3 ± 12.8 years and 53% were female. The mean biometric values were as follows: total corneal power (44.17 ± 1.70 diopters [D]), total corneal astigmatism (TCA; 1.11 ± 0.87 D), mean posterior keratometry (-5.87 ± 0.26 D), posterior corneal astigmatism (-0.26 ± 0.15 D), axial length (AL; 23.95 ± 1.66 mm), anterior chamber depth (ACD; 3.18 ± 0.42 mm), lens thickness (LT; 4.49 ± 0.47 mm), white-to-white distance (WTW; 11.92 ± 0.44 mm), central corneal thickness (CCT; 0.54 ± 0.04 mm), angle alpha (0.49 ± 0.17 mm), and angle kappa (0.34 ± 0.17 mm). There were sex-related differences in all biometric parameters save for LT (P = .440), angle kappa (P = .216), and corneal astigmatism (P = .103). Biometric parameters demonstrated correlations between AL, WTW distance, ACD, and LT (P < .001). Age correlated with all parameters (P < .001) except CCT and posterior keratometry. Angle alpha and angle kappa magnitudes also correlated (P < .001). The prevalence of patients with TCA ≥0.75 D, 1.0 D, and 1.5 D were 59.1%, 43.4%, and 22.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Age significantly correlated with most of the biometric parameters and significant differences between sexes were noted. In addition, the high prevalence of TCA and relatively large angle alpha and angle kappa magnitudes were noted among subjects. These data can be relevant in planning local and national health economics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Wasser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Maria Tsessler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yishay Weill
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Zadok
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Abulafia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ezeh E, Chinawa E, Ezeh R. Correlation of Axial Length, Lens Thickness, and Anterior Chamber Depth in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kumagai K, Ogino N, Horie E, Fukami M, Furukawa M, Matsumura M, Okada M. Birth Year-Dependent Increase in Axial Length of Japanese Adult. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 232:98-108. [PMID: 33991517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether the correlations between the axial length and the aging-dependent and birth year-dependent age are significant. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS This study included Japanese patients ≥50 years who had undergone cataract surgery at numerous clinics from 2002 to 2020. Only 1 eye/patient was analyzed. The axial length was measured with the IOL Master. The age-dependent changes were determined by the significance of the correlation between the axial length and age by the birth year. The birth year-dependent changes were determined by the significance of the correlation between the axial length and birth year in the different age groups. The age refers to the age at the time of the cataract surgery. Spearman correlations were calculated. The turning points were identified by the LOESS, NLIN, and HPMIXED procedures. RESULTS A total of 62,362 eyes (35,508 women, 26,854 men) were studied. The mean age was 72.9 ± 8.4 (standard deviation) years (range, 50-101 years), and the mean axial length was 23.90 ± 1.66 mm (standard deviation) (range, 19.20-37.07 mm). The birth year ranged from 1908 to 1970. Analyses of the birth year-dependent changes showed significant positive correlations in 48 of 81 (59.3%) groups for women and men. The increase in the axial length was birth year-dependent, and the turning point was 1939.4 for women and 1936.7 for men. CONCLUSIONS The negative and significant correlation between the axial length and age is due to birth year-dependent changes. A birth year-dependent increase in axial length might have continued for several decades from the birth year of the late 1930s.
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Yan F, Wang C, Wilson JA, O'Connell M, Ton S, Davidson N, Sibichan M, Chambers K, Ahmed A, Summers J, Tang Q. Visually guided chick ocular length and structural thickness variations assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6864-6881. [PMID: 34858685 PMCID: PMC8606122 DOI: 10.1364/boe.433333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Chicks are an excellent model for studying myopia. To study the change of the ocular structures in chicks, ultrasound is mostly used. However, it suffers from limited spatial resolution. In this study, we investigated the axial length (AL) and the thickness of different ocular structures in chicks' eye undergoing visually induced changes using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system in vivo. Two groups of chicks wore a translucent plastic goggle (n = 6) over the right eye to induce form-deprivation myopia. Following 12 days of form deprivation, goggles were removed in one group of chicks (n = 3), and they were allowed to experience 5 days of unrestricted vision (recovery). Goggles remained in place for a total of 17 days for the remaining 3 chicks. A separate group of 3 chicks were untreated and served as normal control. Ocular dimensions were measured in control, myopic, and recovered eyes using an SS-OCT system. We found myopic chick eyes had significantly thicker AL, lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and vitreous chamber depth (VCD), but significantly thinner retina thickness (RT) and choroid thickness (ChT) compared to the control eyes. Following 5 days of recovery, the cornea thickness (CT), retina pigment epithelium thickness (RPET), and ChT were significantly thicker, while the ACD and LT became significantly thinner compared to that of myopic eyes. SS-OCT can serve as a promising tool to provide measurements of the entire ocular structures, for evaluating the change of thickness and depth of different ocular structures in chicks in vivo. The change of AL in the myopic and recovered chick eyes can be attributed to the thickness alterations of different ocular structures. Altogether, this work demonstrated the feasibility of SS-OCT in chick myopic research and exhibited new insights into the changes of ocular structures in chicks experiencing myopia after unrestricted vision recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Chen Wang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Jayla A Wilson
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Michael O'Connell
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Sam Ton
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Noah Davidson
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Mourren Sibichan
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Kari Chambers
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Ahmed Ahmed
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Jody Summers
- Department of cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. OK 73126, USA
| | - Qinggong Tang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
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20
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Kassa MS, Gessesse GW. Ocular Biometry and Intra Ocular Lens Power among Cataract Patients in Rural Eastern Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31:823-830. [PMID: 34703182 PMCID: PMC8512937 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i4.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the study was to report on the main parameters of ocular biometry and Intraocular lens (IOL)power of patients attending a cataract surgical campaign in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods The study was a cross-sectional study on 765 eyes which were eligible for cataract surgery during a mass cataract surgical campaign conducted from April 04 to April 10, 2018 at Bisidimo Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Ocular biometric parameters were measured by automated keratorefractometer and Sonomed A-Scan (Model 300AP) using contact applanation method. Multiple linear regression analysis was done to determine association of ocular biometry components with socio demography of the study subjects. Results The mean corneal curvature and anterior chamber depth (ACD, measured from corneal epithelium to lens) were found to be 7.61 mm and 2.88mm respectively. The mean axial length was estimated to be 22.98 mm. The mean refractive power of IOL was calculated to be 19.34D. The mean axial length in females was shorter than that of males by 0.24 (P - value = 0.01). The mean ACD in males was also larger than that of females by 0.1 (P - value = 0.001). Conclusion This study provided a larger population based normative data on ocular biometry in Ethiopia. The female sex was a strong predictor of small axial length. Increasing age had no effect on axial length but was found to be a stronger predictor of shallow ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandefro Sintayehu Kassa
- Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girum W Gessesse
- Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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21
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Panda-Jonas S, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Bolshakova NI, Safiullina KR, Gizzatov AV, Ponomarev IP, Yakupova DF, Baymukhametov NE, Nikitin NA, Jonas JB. Axial length and its associations in the Ural Very Old Study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18459. [PMID: 34531490 PMCID: PMC8446056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the distribution of axial length as surrogate for myopia and its determinants in an old population, we performed the Ural Very Old Study as a population-based cohort study. Out of 1882 eligible individuals aged 85 + years, the Ural Very Old Study performed in an urban and rural region in Bashkortostan/Russia included 1526 (81.1%) individuals undergoing ophthalmological and medical examinations with sonographic axial length measurement. Biometric data were available for 717 (47.0%) individuals with a mean age of 88.0 ± 2.6 years (range 85–98 years; 25%). Mean axial length was 23.1 ± 1.1 mm (range 19.37–28.89 mm). Prevalences of moderate myopia (axial length 24.5–< 26.5 mm) and high myopia (axial length ≥ 26.5 mm) were 47/717 (6.6%; 95% CI 4.7, 8.4) and 10/717 (1.4%; 95% CI 0.5, 2.3), respectively. In multivariable analysis, longer axial length was associated (coefficient of determination r2 0.25) with taller body height (standardized regression coefficient beta:0.16;non-standardized regression coefficient B: 0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01, 0.03; P < 0.001), higher level of education (beta: 0.12; B: 0.07; 95% CI 0.02, 0.11; P = 0.002), and lower corneal refractive power (beta: − 0.35; B: − 0.23; 95% CI − 0.28, − 0.18; P < 0.001). Higher prevalence of moderate myopia, however not of high myopia, was associated with higher educational level (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.09, 1.68; P = 0.007) and lower corneal refractive power (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63, 0.94; P = 0.01). In this old study population, prevalence of moderate axial myopia (6.6% versus 9.7%) was lower than, and prevalence of high axial myopia (1.4% versus 1.4%) was similar as, in a corresponding study on a younger population from the same Russian region. Both myopia prevalence rates were higher than in rural Central India (1.5% and 0.4%, respectively). As in other, younger, populations, axial length and moderate myopia prevalence increased with higher educational level, while high myopia prevalence was independent of the educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukharram M Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia.
| | - Gyulli M Kazakbaeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Ellina M Rakhimova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Iuliia A Rusakova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | | | - Azaliia M Tuliakova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Institute of Clinical and Scientific Ophthalmology and Acupuncture Jonas & Panda, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timur R Gilmanshin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Rinat M Zainullin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Natalia I Bolshakova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Kamilia R Safiullina
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Ainur V Gizzatov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Ildar P Ponomarev
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Dilya F Yakupova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Nail E Baymukhametov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Nikitin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzerufer 1, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. .,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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22
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Sun Y, Wei S, Li S, Cao K, Hu J, Yang X, Lin C, An W, Guo J, Li H, Fu J, Wang N. Distribution of ocular biometry in young Chinese eyes: The Anyang University Students Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:621-627. [PMID: 33326192 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the distribution of ocular biometric parameters and its association to refraction in university students in central China. METHODS Ocular biometric parameters including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry power (K), anterior chamber depth (AQD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured by an optical biometry in a cohort of university students. Corneal radius of curvature (CR), lens position (LP), lens power (PBennett ), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and AL to corneal radius ratio (AL/CR) were calculated. Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor. RESULTS A total of 7650 undergraduate students participated in this study, with a mean age of 20.0 ± 1.4 years. The following ocular biometric parameters were measured: AL (24.78 ± 1.21 mm), CCT (539.83 ± 33.03 μm), AQD (3.23 ± 0.25 mm), LT (3.47 ± 0.18 mm), CR (7.79 ± 0.27 mm), LP (4.97 ± 0.23 mm), VCD (17.55 ± 1.15 mm), PBennett (25.00 ± 1.07 dioptres) and AL/CR (3.18 ± 0.15). Male subjects were found to have longer AL, thicker CCT, flatter CR, thinner lens, deeper AQD and VCD than female ones. Myopic subjects were found to have longer AL, thinner CCT, steeper CR, thinner and posterior lens, deeper AQD and VCD, lower PBennett and larger AL/CR than emmetropes and hyperopes. Spherical equivalent (SE) showed a negative correlation with AL/CR (r = -0.914), AL (r = -0.755) and VCD (r = -0.751). CONCLUSIONS This study provided a range of reference values for the main ocular biometric parameters in young adults and reported their distributions based on gender and refractive status. Our study indicates that SE has a strong correlation with AL/CR ratio, AL and VCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Sun
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Shifei Wei
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Shiming Li
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Kai Cao
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Caixia Lin
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Wenzai An
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Jiyuan Guo
- Anyang Eye Hospital Henan Province China
| | - He Li
- Anyang Eye Hospital Henan Province China
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
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23
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Tian F, Zheng D, Zhang J, Liu L, Duan J, Guo Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Sang Y, Zhang X, Cao W, Zhang J, Sun M, Tian Q, Meng X, Guo X, Wu L. Choroidal and Retinal Thickness and Axial Eye Elongation in Chinese Junior Students. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:26. [PMID: 34279570 PMCID: PMC8297418 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.9.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the associations between macular choroidal and retinal thickness and axial elongation in non-myopic and myopic junior students. Methods In this school-based longitudinal observational study, axial length was measured by optical low-coherence reflectometry, and choroidal thickness and retinal thickness were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Myopia was defined as non-cycloplegic objective spherical equivalent refraction ≤ −0.50 diopters. Structural equation modeling and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between baseline choroidal and retinal thickness with axial elongation. Results Out of 1307 students examined at baseline in 2017, 1197 (91.58%) returned for follow-up examination in 2018, with a median age of 12.00 years (interquartile range [IQR], 1.00) and included 667 boys (55.72%). Within a 1-year period, the median axial elongation of right eyes was 230 µm (IQR, 180) in boys and 200 µm (IQR, 160) in girls (P = 0.032). The thinner temporal choroidal thickness was associated with greater 1-year axial elongation only in myopic students (β, −0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.37, −0.03), the thinner temporal retinal thickness was associated with greater 1-year axial elongation in both non-myopic (β, −2.67; 95% CI, −4.52, −0.82) and myopic (β, −0.99; 95% CI, −1.68, −0.30) students, after adjustment for sex, age, and height. Subfoveal and nasal choroidal and retinal thickness were not significantly associated with axial elongation in either non-myopic or myopic students. Conclusions A thinner temporal choroid at age 12 years may predict greater 1-year axial elongation in myopic students, and a thinner temporal retina may predict greater 1-year axial elongation in both non-myopic and myopic students. This finding may help to identify children at risk and control axial elongation with potential preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Tian
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Duan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Guo
- Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujian Sang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Tian
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Meng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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24
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Meng J, Wei L, He W, Qi J, Lu Y, Zhu X. Lens thickness and associated ocular biometric factors among cataract patients in Shanghai. EYE AND VISION 2021; 8:22. [PMID: 34053465 PMCID: PMC8165789 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-021-00245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background To evaluate the distribution of lens thickness (LT) and its associations with other ocular biometric factors among cataract patients in Shanghai. Methods Twenty-four thousand thirteen eyes from 24,013 cataract patients were retrospectively included. Ocular biometric factors including LT, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), white-to-white (WTW) distance, anterior corneal curvature, and axial length (AL) were obtained using the IOLMaster700. The associations between LT and general or ocular factors were assessed. Results The mean age was 62.5 ± 13.6 years and 56.1% were female. The mean LT was 4.51 ± 0.46 mm. The LT was greater in older patients (P < 0.001). LT was positively correlated with CCT, while negatively correlated with ACD, WTW, and anterior corneal curvature (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that increased LT was associated with older age, male gender, thicker CCT, shallower ACD, larger WTW, and flatter anterior corneal curvature (P < 0.001). LT changed with a variable behavior according to AL. In short eyes LT increased as AL increased, then decreased with longer AL in normal eyes and moderate myopic eyes, but increased again as AL increased in highly myopic eyes. Thickest LT was found in the 20.01–22 mm AL group. The correlation between LT and other biometric factors remained significant when stratified by ALs. Conclusions In a large Chinese cataractous population, we found that the thicker lens may be associated with older age, male gender, thicker CCT, shallower ACD, larger WTW, and flatter anterior corneal curvature. As AL increased, the change of LT was nonlinear, with the thickest lens seen in the 20–22 mm AL group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Meng
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenwen He
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China.,Key NHC key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Qi
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China. .,Key NHC key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. .,Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China. .,Key NHC key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. .,Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Harb EN, Wildsoet CF. Nutritional Factors and Myopia: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Optom Vis Sci 2021; 98:458-468. [PMID: 33973916 PMCID: PMC8137665 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The rise in the prevalence of myopia, a significant worldwide public health concern, has been too rapid to be explained by genetic factors alone and thus suggests environmental influences. PURPOSE Relatively little attention has been paid to the possible role of nutrition in myopia. The availability of the large National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set, which includes results from vision examinations, offers the opportunity to investigate the relationship between several nutrition-related factors, including body metrics, and the presence and magnitude of myopia. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data sets with vision examination, demographic, body metrics, and nutritional data, collected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey over the years of 2003 to 2008, were extracted for analysis. Based on already published basic and epidemiological studies, the following parameters were selected for study: body height and body mass index, demographics, serum vitamin D and glucose/insulin levels, and caffeine intake, using multivariable models and objectively measured refractive errors as the main outcome measure. RESULTS Data from a total of 6855 ethnically diverse Americans aged 12 to 25 years were analyzed. In final multivariate models, female sex and age were the most significant factors related to myopia status and refractive error. In general, body metrics (body mass index) or nutritional factors (serum vitamin D, glucose levels, and caffeine intake) were found to be associated with refractive error or myopia status; however, increased insulin levels were related to increased odds of having myopia. CONCLUSIONS These largely negative findings suggest that other environmental factors, such as those related to the visual environment, may contribute more to the development and/or progression of myopia and would argue for continued research in these areas in support of more evidence-based myopia clinical management.
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26
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Park JH, Hong JH, Kim JS, Kim HJ. Comparison of the effects of normal and low blood pressure regulation on the optic nerve sheath diameter in robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2021; 16:248-257. [PMID: 34233413 PMCID: PMC8342820 DOI: 10.17085/apm.20097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is an advanced and popular surgical technique. However, increased intracranial pressure which is caused by CO2 pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position is the main cerebrovascular effect. Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter using ocular ultrasound is a noninvasive and reliable method for the assessment of intracranial pressure. The primary endpoint of this study was to identify whether low blood pressure regulation has any benefit in attenuating an increase of optic nerve sheath diameter during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Methods Optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygen saturation were measured at baseline (supine position), one and two hours after pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position respectively, and after return to supine position in normal (n = 27) and low blood pressure groups (n = 24). Results Mean optic nerve sheath diameter values measured at one and two hours after pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position were significantly increased compared to the baseline value (P < 0.001 in normal blood pressure group; P = 0.003 in low blood pressure group). However, the mean optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygen saturation measured at any of the time points as well as degrees of change between the two groups did not show any significant changes. The peak values of optic nerve sheath diameter in normal and low blood pressure groups demonstrated 14.9% and 9.2% increases, respectively. Conclusions Low blood pressure group demonstrated an effect in maintaining an increase of optic nerve sheath diameter less than 10% during CO2 pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Seob Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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27
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Kaiti R, Shyangbo R, Sharma IP, Dahal M. Review on current concepts of myopia and its control strategies. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:606-615. [PMID: 33875955 PMCID: PMC8025164 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.04.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia poses a significant burden on the healthcare system, economy and quality of life. It is an emerging global public health challenge and requires interventions to delay or stop onset and progression. With changing times and evidence, the concepts of myopia are changing along with the treatment and control strategies. Behavioural modifications including increased outdoors time and reduced near work, optical and pharmaceutical management options are reviewed. This paper presents a current overview on the concepts of myopia, and is expected to summarize updates on myopia control methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kaiti
- Nepal Eye Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Indra Prasad Sharma
- Gyalyum Kesang Choeden Wangchuck National Eye Center, JDW National Referral Hospital, Thimpu 11001, Bhutan
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28
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Thickness, vessel density of retina and choroid on OCTA in young adults (18-24 years old). Microvasc Res 2021; 136:104169. [PMID: 33839109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to quantify thickness, vessel density (VD) of retina and choroid in young adults (18-24 years old) using OCTA. METHODS This observational, cross-sectional study included 154 eyes from 77 young myopic adults. En-face angiogram OCTA was performed on a 3.00 × 3.00 mm region centered on the macula. Automated thickness calculations and macular maps were measured. Spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and AL were examined to determine associations with thickness, vessel density (VD) of retina and choroid. RESULTS A total of 148 healthy eyes from 77 young myopic adults (29 males and 48 females) with a mean age of 21.80 ± 1.32 years (range: 18-24 years) were included. The mean SER and AL were - 4.06 ± 2.26D and 25.25 ± 1.28 mm, respectively. The mean retinal thickness (RT, ILM-RPE layer) was 240.91 ± 13.36 μm, the retinal superficial (SVD) and deep vessel density (DVD) in fovea region were 18.35 ± 4.77% and 32.99 ± 6.01%, respectively. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.31 ± 0.10 mm2. The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choriocapillaris (CC) perfusion area were 232.16 ± 56.65 μm and 2.17 ± 0.10 mm2, respectively. By Pearson's correlation analysis, SER was revealed to be negatively correlated with RT (r = -0.180, p = 0.028) and DVD (r = -0.185, p = 0.025) in fovea region. SER was revealed to be positively correlated with RT in nasal (r = 0.224, p = 0.006) and inferior (r = 0.217, p = 0.008) regions. AL was revealed to be positively correlated with RT (r = 0.250, p = 0.002) and DVD (r = 0.284, p < 0.001) in fovea region. SER was revealed to be positively correlated with SFCT (r = 0.486, p < 0.001). AL was revealed to be negatively correlated with FAZ area (r = -0.232, p = 0.005) and SFCT (r = -0.407). RT was revealed to be negatively correlated with FAZ area (r = -0.645, p < 0.001). SER (r = -0.079), AL (r = 0.071) and SFCT (r = 0.089) did not correlate significantly with the CC perfusion area (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Myopic eyes present increased RT, DVD and thinned SFCT in fovea, while no significant correlation could be found between SER, AL, SFCT and CC perfusion area. It may indicate that the SFCT thinning may be secondary to ocular elongation, while the CC perfusion area may be a factor independent of AL growth.
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Axial length of cataract eyes: a comparison of two cohorts over a span of 10 years apart. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:111. [PMID: 33648485 PMCID: PMC7919077 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the associations of axial length with age-related cataract within a span of 10 years in an Asian population in southern Taiwan. Methods A retrospective cohort study examined 960 adults who underwent cataract surgery at the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in year 2008 and year 2018. Axial length was assessed with the ultrasound biometry and/or the Zeiss IOLMaster. Eyes with prior blunt eye trauma or had underwent vitrectomy operations were excluded. The significance of the changes in axial length between the two cohorts was determined after performing age-matched analyses. Due to utilization of ultrasound biometry and/or Zeiss IOLMaster, axial length corrections with our mean difference in measurement results, which were similar to previous studies on comparison between the two measurement tools, were carried out. Results Axial length showed an age-related elongation in 10-year cross-sectional data, from a mean of 23.65 ± 1.80 mm in year 2008 to a mean of 24.30 ± 1.90 in year 2018 (p = 0.003). Patients with high myopia (axial length > 26 mm) increased significantly over the 10-year period from 8.1 to 16 % (p < 0.001). A birth cohort effect on axial length was evident as the axial lengths of year 2008 cohort were shorter than the 2018 cohort when they were in the same operation age group. In particular, persons born after the 1960s demonstrated a predominant increase in axial length in both cohorts. Conclusions Our study confirms a trend in increase of axial myopia, especially high myopias, over the 10-year period. A novel finding of this study was discovering a birth cohort effect on axial length, especially in persons born after the 1960s in southern Taiwan.
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Tang T, Yu Z, Xu Q, Peng Z, Fan Y, Wang K, Ren Q, Qu J, Zhao M. A machine learning-based algorithm used to estimate the physiological elongation of ocular axial length in myopic children. EYE AND VISION 2020; 7:50. [PMID: 33102610 PMCID: PMC7579939 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-020-00214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Axial myopia is the most common type of myopia. However, due to the high incidence of myopia in Chinese children, few studies estimating the physiological elongation of the ocular axial length (AL), which does not cause myopia progression and differs from the non-physiological elongation of AL, have been conducted. The purpose of our study was to construct a machine learning (ML)-based model for estimating the physiological elongation of AL in a sample of Chinese school-aged myopic children. Methods In total, 1011 myopic children aged 6 to 18 years participated in this study. Cross-sectional datasets were used to optimize the ML algorithms. The input variables included age, sex, central corneal thickness (CCT), spherical equivalent refractive error (SER), mean K reading (K-mean), and white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW). The output variable was AL. A 5-fold cross-validation scheme was used to randomly divide all data into 5 groups, including 4 groups used as training data and one group used as validation data. Six types of ML algorithms were implemented in our models. The best-performing algorithm was applied to predict AL, and estimates of the physiological elongation of AL were obtained as the partial derivatives of ALpredicted-age curves based on an unchanged SER value with increasing age. Results Among the six algorithms, the robust linear regression model was the best model for predicting AL, with a R2 value of 0.87 and relatively minimal averaged errors between the predicted AL and true AL. Based on the partial derivatives of the ALpredicted-age curves, the estimated physiological AL elongation varied from 0.010 to 0.116 mm/year in male subjects and 0.003 to 0.110 mm/year in female subjects and was influenced by age, SER and K-mean. According to the model, the physiological elongation of AL linearly decreased with increasing age and was negatively correlated with the SER and the K-mean. Conclusions The physiological elongation of the AL is rarely recorded in clinical data in China. In cases of unavailable clinical data, an ML algorithm could provide practitioners a reasonable model that can be used to estimate the physiological elongation of AL, which is especially useful when monitoring myopia progression in orthokeratology lens wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zekuan Yu
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zisu Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhuo Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Jia Qu
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, China
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Rozema JJ, Ní Dhubhghaill S. Age-related axial length changes in adults: a review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:710-717. [PMID: 32860249 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the origins of age-related decreases in axial length in the literature. METHODS A literature review was performed, including all articles regarding axial length changes with age. These data were combined with mean body length and education level for the countries of each study to assess their influence in a multivariate analysis. Furthermore, analyses were performed of how optical path length, used by optical biometers to measure axial length, is affected by the known age-related changes in the crystalline lens. The influence of other factors mentioned in the literature was also investigated. RESULTS Seventeen cross-sectional studies were found that met the search criteria. The decrease in axial length over time was consistent across most of these studies. However, when plotted as a function of year of birth, mean body length and number of years in school, the data indicated an increase in length. Multivariate analysis confirmed the influence of body length (P = 0.005) and birth year (P = 0.017), but not age (P = 0.50). Meanwhile, the lenticular changes due to aging and cataract formation cause a minor bias in the form of increased axial length measurements. Finally, a gradual thinning of the choroidal arteries was reported to cause an increase in axial length. CONCLUSION The age-related decrease in axial length is mainly associated with gradual changes in increased body length and education level, while attenuated by minor biases in measurement procedure and thinning of the choroidal arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos J Rozema
- Visual Optics Lab Antwerp, Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sorcha Ní Dhubhghaill
- Visual Optics Lab Antwerp, Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Nakao SY, Miyake M, Hosoda Y, Nakano E, Mori Y, Takahashi A, Ooto S, Tamura H, Tabara Y, Yamashiro K, Matsuda F, Tsujikawa A. Myopia Prevalence and Ocular Biometry Features in a General Japanese Population: The Nagahama Study. Ophthalmology 2020; 128:522-531. [PMID: 32861683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the distribution of ocular biometry and refraction in Japanese adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9850 individuals participated in the first follow-up of the Nagahama Prospective Cohort for Comprehensive Human Bioscience (the Nagahama Study) conducted between 2013 and 2016. Participants were between 34 and 80 years of age. METHODS All participants underwent axial length (AL; in millimeters), anterior chamber depth (ACD; in millimeters), corneal diameter (white to white; in millimeters), and central corneal thickness (CCT; in micrometers) measurement (IOL Master; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) and refraction (spherical equivalent [SE]; in diopters [D]) and corneal curvature (CC; in millimeters) measurement (ARK-530A; Nidek, Aichi, Japan). Distribution of these ocular biometric parameters and prevalence of myopia, high myopia, and extreme myopia were summarized. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Distribution of ocular biometry and refraction. RESULTS After standardization to the national population of 2015, estimates of mean AL and SE were 24.21 mm and -1.44 D, respectively. Estimates of mean CC, corneal diameter, CCT, and ACD were 7.69 mm, 12.01 mm, 543.96 μm, and 3.21 mm, respectively. After standardization of age and gender, the prevalence of myopia (SE, ≤-0.5 D) and high myopia (SE, ≤-6.0 D) were 49.97% and 7.89%, respectively. Approximately 70% of the younger participants (34-59 years of age) showed myopia, whereas high myopia was observed in approximately 10%. Although the number of individuals with myopia or high myopia was higher in the younger age groups, the prevalence of more extreme phenotypes remained stable across all ages, especially in women. Axial length of more than 30 mm was observed only in older women (n = 5 [0.05%]). CONCLUSIONS We showed detailed distributions of various ocular biometry and refraction parameters using a large general Japanese cohort. Prevalences of myopia and high myopia from 2013 through 2016 were higher than those in earlier studies, which reflects recent environmental change. However, constant prevalence of extreme myopia across all ages suggests high genetic predisposition of the extreme phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ya Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Tenri General Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | | | - Eri Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sotaro Ooto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Dong L, Li YF, Wu HT, Di Kou H, Lan YJ, Wang YX, Jonas JB, Wei WB. Lens-induced myopization and intraocular pressure in young guinea pigs. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:343. [PMID: 32842961 PMCID: PMC7446117 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important physiological measure of the eye and is associated with some ocular disorders. We aimed to assess the influence of topical beta blocker-induced IOP reduction on lens-induced axial elongation in young guinea pigs. Methods The experimental study included 20 pigmented guinea pigs (age: 2–3 weeks). Myopia was induced in the right eyes for 5 weeks with − 10 diopter lenses. The right eyes additionally received either one drop of carteolol 2% (study group, n = 10) or one drop of artificial tears daily (control group, n = 10), while the contralateral eyes of all animals remained untouched. The outcome parameter was axial elongation during the follow-up period. The mean of all IOP measurements taken during the study was referred to as mean IOP. Results Greater axial elongation was associated with a shorter axial length at baseline (P < 0.001; standardized regression coefficient beta: − 0.54) and lens-induced myopization (P < 0.001; beta: 0.55). In the multivariable model, axial elongation was not significantly correlated with the IOP at study end (P = 0.59), the mean IOP during the study period (P = 0.12), the mean of all IOP measurements (P = 0.17), the difference between the IOP at study end and baseline IOP (P = 0.38), the difference between the mean IOP during the study period and the baseline IOP (P = 0.11), or the application of carteolol eye drops versus artificial tears eye drops (P = 0.07). The univariate analysis of the relationships between axial elongation and the IOP parameters yielded similar results. The inter-eye difference between the right eye and the left eye in axial elongation was significantly associated with the inter-eye difference in baseline axial length (P = 0.001; beta:-0.67) but not significantly correlated with the inter-eye difference in any of the IOP-related parameters (all P > 0.25). Conclusions In young guinea pigs with or without lens-induced axial elongation, neither the physiological IOP nor the IOP reduced by carteolol, a topical beta-blocker, was associated with the magnitude of axial elongation. These results suggest that IOP, regardless of whether it is influenced by carteolol, does not play a major role in axial elongation in young guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Lane, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Fan Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Lane, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hao Tian Wu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Lane, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hai Di Kou
- Optometry Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Jun Lan
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Lane, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Lane, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Zhou M, Kang DH, Kim J, Weiland JD. Shape Morphable Hydrogel/Elastomer Bilayer for Implanted Retinal Electronics. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040392. [PMID: 32283779 PMCID: PMC7231290 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Direct fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) structure using soft materials has been challenging. The hybrid bilayer is a promising approach to address this challenge because of its programable shape-transformation ability when responding to various stimuli. The goals of this study are to experimentally and theoretically establish a rational design principle of a hydrogel/elastomer bilayer system and further optimize the programed 3D structures that can serve as substrates for multi-electrode arrays. The hydrogel/elastomer bilayer consists of a hygroscopic polyacrylamide (PAAm) layer cofacially laminated with a water-insensitive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer. The asymmetric volume change in the PAAm hydrogel can bend the bilayer into a curvature. We manipulate the initial monomer concentrations of the pre-gel solutions of PAAm to experimentally and theoretically investigate the effect of intrinsic mechanical properties of the hydrogel on the resulting curvature. By using the obtained results as a design guideline, we demonstrated stimuli-responsive transformation of a PAAm/PDMS flower-shaped bilayer from a flat bilayer film to a curved 3D structure that can serve as a substrate for a wide-field retinal electrode array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muru Zhou
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Do Hyun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Jinsang Kim
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.D.W.); Tel.: +1-734-936-4681 (J.K.); +1-734-764-9793 (J.D.W.)
| | - James D. Weiland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.D.W.); Tel.: +1-734-936-4681 (J.K.); +1-734-764-9793 (J.D.W.)
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Li D, Rauscher FG, Choi EY, Wang M, Baniasadi N, Wirkner K, Kirsten T, Thiery J, Engel C, Loeffler M, Elze T. Sex-Specific Differences in Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:357-368. [PMID: 31732228 PMCID: PMC7039768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of sex on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at 768 circumpapillary locations based on OCT findings. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS We investigated 5646 eyes of 5646 healthy participants from the Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases (LIFE)-Adult Study of a predominantly white population. METHODS All participants underwent standardized systemic assessments and ocular imaging. Circumpapillary RNFL (cRNFL) thickness was measured at 768 points equidistant from the optic nerve head using spectral-domain OCT (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). To control ocular magnification effects, the true scanning radius was estimated by scanning focus. Student t test was used to evaluate sex differences in cRNFL thickness globally and at each of the 768 locations. Multivariable linear regression and analysis of variance were used to evaluate individual contributions of various factors to cRNFL thickness variance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Difference in cRNFL thickness between males and females. RESULTS Our population consisted of 54.8% females. The global cRNFL thickness was 1 μm thicker in females (P < 0.001). However, detailed analysis at each of the 768 locations revealed substantial location specificity of the sex effects, with RNFL thickness difference ranging from -9.98 to +8.00 μm. Females showed significantly thicker RNFLs in the temporal, superotemporal, nasal, inferonasal, and inferotemporal regions (43.6% of 768 locations), whereas males showed significantly thicker RNFLs in the superior region (13.2%). The results were similar after adjusting for age, body height, and scanning radius. The superotemporal and inferotemporal RNFL peaks shifted temporally in females by 2.4° and 1.9°, respectively. On regions with significant sex effects, sex explained more RNFL thickness variance than age, whereas the major peak locations and interpeak angle explained most of the RNFL thickness variance unexplained by sex. CONCLUSIONS Substantial sex effects on cRNFL thickness were found at 56.8% of all 768 circumpapillary locations, with specific patterns for different sectors. Over large regions, sex was at least as important in explaining the cRNFL thickness variance as was age, which is well established to have a substantial impact on cRNFL thickness. Including sex in the cRNFL thickness norm could therefore improve glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Li
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Franziska G. Rauscher
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neda Baniasadi
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kerstin Wirkner
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Toralf Kirsten
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Applied Computer Science and Biosciences, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Elze
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Analysis of macular curvature in normal eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2020; 64:180-186. [DOI: 10.1007/s10384-020-00721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gaurisankar ZS, Rijn GA, Lima JEE, Ilgenfritz AP, Cheng Y, Haasnoot GW, Luyten GP, Beenakker JM. Correlations between ocular biometrics and refractive error: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:735-743. [PMID: 31386806 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of correlations between different biometric parameters is essential for personalized eye care in the field of cataract and refractive surgery. This systematic review offers a clear overview of the previous literature assessing these correlations including a meta-analysis. The review is focused on the following five correlations: (1) axial length and refractive error; (2) anterior chamber depth and refractive error; (3) axial length and anterior chamber depth; (4) corneal power and refractive error; (5) corneal power and axial length. An expected strong correlation between axial length and refractive error was found. Correlations including corneal power were weak and might be clinically insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gwyneth A. Rijn
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - José Eduardo E. Lima
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
- Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Antonio P. Ilgenfritz
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
- Medical School Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Yanny Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Geert W. Haasnoot
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan‐Willem M. Beenakker
- Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology C.J. Gorter Center for High‐Field MRILeiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the axial length (AL) elongation in primary school-age children during 3-year follow-up period and evaluate the associations of AL elongation with spherical equivalent (SE), AL at baseline, body height and weight. DESIGN A 3-year observational cohort study from 2014 to 2017. SETTING Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai. METHODS A total of 452 children successfully completed their measurements in the 3-year follow-up period. The mean age of those children was 6.9±0.7 years, ranging from 6 to 8 years, and 217 (42.7%) were boys. AL was measured with an ocular biometry system. Refractive error was measured using an auto-refractor without cycloplegia. RESULTS The mean changes of ALs were 0.27±0.28 mm, 0.52±0.40 mm and 0.89±0.51 mm over 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. The mean changes of SEs were -0.27±0.80 D, -0.56±1.00 D and -0.95±1.41 D over 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that mean change of AL was associated with mean change of SE at all points (all p<0.001). In addition, linear regression analysis revealed that AL elongation in the 3year follow-up period was associated with AL at baseline (R2=0.009, p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS AL elongation is relatively high in the primary school-age children in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Effect strategies are needed to control AL elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Dong L, Shi XH, Kang YK, Wei WB, Wang YX, Xu XL, Gao F, Jonas JB. Bruch's Membrane Thickness and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Density in Experimental Axial Elongation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6621. [PMID: 31036950 PMCID: PMC6488581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess anatomical changes in eyes with progressive myopia, we morphometrically examined the eyes of guinea pigs with lens-induced axial elongation. Starting at an age of 3-4 weeks, guinea pigs in the experimental group (n = 20 animals) developed unilateral lens-induced axial elongation by wearing goggles for 5 weeks compared to a control group of 20 animals without intervention (axial length:8.91 ± 0.08 mm versus 8.74 ± 0.07 mm; P < 0.001). Five weeks after baseline, the animals were sacrificed, and the eyes enucleated. As measured histomorphometrically, Bruch's membrane thickness was not significantly correlated with axial length in either group at the ora serrata (P = 0.41), equator (P = 0.41), midpoint between equator and posterior pole (MBEPP) (P = 0.13) or posterior pole (P = 0.89). Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell density decreased with longer axial length at the MBEPP (P = 0.04; regression coefficient beta = -0.33) and posterior pole (P = 0.01; beta = -0.40). Additionally, the thickness of the retina and sclera decreased with longer axial length at the MBEPP (P = 0.01; beta = -0.42 and P < 0.001; beta = -0.64, respectively) and posterior pole (P < 0.001; beta = -0.51 and P < 0.001; beta = -0.45, respectively). Choroidal thickness decreased at the posterior pole (P < 0.001; beta = -0.51). Experimental axial elongation was associated with a thinning of the retina, choroid and sclera and a decrease in RPE cell density, most markedly at the posterior pole. Bruch's membrane thickness was not related to axial elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Han Shi
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Kun Kang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Lin Xu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Rukmini AV, Chew MC, Finkelstein MT, Atalay E, Baskaran M, Nongpiur ME, Gooley JJ, Aung T, Milea D, Najjar RP. Effects of low and moderate refractive errors on chromatic pupillometry. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4945. [PMID: 30894608 PMCID: PMC6426861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatic pupillometry is an emerging modality in the assessment of retinal and optic nerve disorders. Herein, we evaluate the effect of low and moderate refractive errors on pupillary responses to blue- and red-light stimuli in a healthy older population. This study included 139 participants (≥50 years) grouped by refractive error: moderate myopes (>−6.0D and ≤−3.0D, n = 24), low myopes (>−3.0D and <−0.5D, n = 30), emmetropes (≥−0.5D and ≤0.5D, n = 31) and hyperopes (>0.5D and <6.0D, n = 54). Participants were exposed to logarithmically ramping-up blue (462 nm) and red (638 nm) light stimuli, designed to sequentially activate rods, cones and intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Pupil size was assessed monocularly using infra-red pupillography. Baseline pupil diameter correlated inversely with spherical equivalent (R = −0.26, P < 0.01), and positively with axial length (R = 0.37, P < 0.01) and anterior chamber depth (R = 0.43, P < 0.01). Baseline-adjusted pupillary constriction amplitudes to blue light did not differ between groups (P = 0.45), while constriction amplitudes to red light were greater in hyperopes compared to emmetropes (P = 0.04) at moderate to bright light intensities (12.25–14.0 Log photons/cm²/s). Our results demonstrate that low and moderate myopia do not alter pupillary responses to ramping-up blue- and red-light stimuli in healthy older individuals. Conversely, pupillary responses to red light should be interpreted cautiously in hyperopic eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Rukmini
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Eray Atalay
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mani Baskaran
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP (EYE-ACP), SingHealth and Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Monisha E Nongpiur
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP (EYE-ACP), SingHealth and Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua J Gooley
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP (EYE-ACP), SingHealth and Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP (EYE-ACP), SingHealth and Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond P Najjar
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. .,The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP (EYE-ACP), SingHealth and Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore.
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Arslangareeva II, Salavatova VF, Bikbova GM, Panda-Jonas S, Nikitin NA, Zaynetdinov AF, Nuriev IF, Khikmatullin RI, Uzianbaeva YV, Yakupova DF, Aminev SK, Jonas JB. Axial length and its associations in a Russian population: The Ural Eye and Medical Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211186. [PMID: 30707718 PMCID: PMC6358075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the normal distribution of axial length and its associations in a population of Russia. Methods The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5,899 (80.5%) individuals out of 7328 eligible individuals aged 40+ years. The participants underwent an ocular and systemic examination. Axial length was measured sonographically (Ultra-compact A/B/P ultrasound system, Quantel Medical, Cournon d'Auvergne, France). Results Biometric data were available for 5707 (96.7%) individuals with a mean age of 58.8±10.6 years (range:40–94 years; 25%, 50%, 75% quartile: 51.0, 58.0, 66.0 years, respectively). Mean axial length was 23.30±1.10 mm (range: 19.02–32.87mm; 95% confidence interval (CI): 21.36–25.89; 25%, 50%, 75% quartile: 22.65mm, 23.23mm, 23.88mm, resp.). Prevalences of moderate myopia (axial length:24.5-<26.5mm) and high myopia (axial length >26.5mm) were 555/5707 (8.7%;95%CI:9.0,10.5) and 78/5707 (1.4%;95%CI:1.1,1.7), respectively. Longer axial length (mean:23.30±1.10mm) was associated (correlation coefficient r2:0.70) with older age (P<0.001;standardized regression coefficient beta:0.14), taller body height (P<0.001;beta:0.07), higher level of education (P<0.001;beta:0.04), higher intraocular pressure (P<0.001;beta:0.03), more myopic spherical refractive error (P<0.001;beta:-0.55), lower corneal refractive power (P<0.001;beta:-0.44), deeper anterior chamber depth (P<0.001;beta:0.20), wider anterior chamber angle (P<0.001;beta:0.05), thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P<0.001;beta:-0.04), higher degree of macular fundus tessellation (P<0.001;beta:0.08), lower prevalence of epiretinal membranes (P = 0.01;beta-0.02) and pseudoexfoliation (P = 0.007;beta:-0.02) and higher prevalence of myopic maculopathy (P<0.001;beta:0.08). In that model, prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (any type: P = 0.84; early type: P = 0.46), diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.16), and region of habitation (P = 0.27) were not significantly associated with axial length. Conclusions Mean axial length in this typically multi-ethnic Russian study population was comparable with values from populations in Singapore and Beijing. In contrast to previous studies, axial length was not significantly related with the prevalences of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy or region of habitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukharram M. Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
- * E-mail: (MMB); (JBJ)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- * E-mail: (MMB); (JBJ)
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42
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Yamashita T, Iwase A, Sakai H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Araie M. Differences of body height, axial length, and refractive error at different ages in Kumejima study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 257:371-378. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-4192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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43
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Yamashita T, Iwase A, Kii Y, Sakai H, Terasaki H, Sakamoto T, Araie M. Location of Ocular Tessellations in Japanese: Population-Based Kumejima Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 59:4963-4967. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Yuya Kii
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of the Ryukyus Faculty of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Araie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanto Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Ji Y, Lai C, Gu L, Fan X. Measurement of Intra-Orbital Structures in Normal Chinese Adults Based on a Three-Dimensional Coordinate System. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:1477-1483. [PMID: 30118614 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1510013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study was to establish a three-dimensional (3D) coordinate system and to study the normal dimensions of intra-orbital structures in Chinese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and forty-five adult Chinese were selected from patients who had undergone cranio-facial computed tomography scans with diagnosis other than orbital or ocular abnormality. An orbital 3D coordinate system was built on the basis of the scans. Morphological variables of intra-orbital structures were measured in this coordinate system. Bilateral symmetry, sexual dimorphism, and correlations between variables were investigated. RESULTS No evident laterality was found in bilateral intra-orbital structures. The distance from the center of the eyeball to the prechiasmatic groove, the length of the optic nerve, and the thickness of rectus extraocular muscles were larger in males than in females. No sex-related difference was observed in the anteroposterior diameter of the eyeball or the exophthalmometric value. The exophthalmometric value was found to be related to the anteroposterior diameter of the eyeball, whereas the y-coordinate of the center of the eyeball had no correlation with the anteroposterior diameter of the eyeball. The optic nerve length was closely correlated to the distance from the center of the eyeball to the prechiasmatic groove. CONCLUSIONS The 3D coordinate system and measurement method established in this study can be applied to the standardization of orbital morphometry. The measurements obtained from normal Chinese adults may provide reference values for the morphology of intra-orbital structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongrong Ji
- a Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology , Shanghai , China
| | - Changxin Lai
- c School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Lixu Gu
- c School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- a Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology , Shanghai , China
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Ashraf H, Koohestani S, Nowroozzadeh MH. Early Macular Changes after Phacoemulsification in Eyes with High Myopia. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018; 13:249-252. [PMID: 30090180 PMCID: PMC6058552 DOI: 10.4103/jovr.jovr_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate macular changes after cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia. Methods: This prospective cohort enrolled patients with high myopia (axial length ≥26 mm) who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were obtained at baseline and 2 and 6 months after the operation. Postoperative macular changes on OCT scans were regarded as the main outcome measure. Results: Thirty-four eyes of 31 patients with high myopia were included (age, 60 ± 10 years [mean ± SD]); of these, 14 patients (45.2%) were male. The mean axial length was 27.8 ± 1.5 mm. Epiretinal membrane (one eye, 2.9%), lamellar hole (one eye, 2.9%), myopic foveoschisis (2 eyes, 5.9%), and vitreomacular traction associated with foveoschisis (one eye, 2.9%) were notable findings at baseline examination; no eye showed cystoid macular edema (CME) at this time. At the 2-month examination, three eyes (8.8%) developed CME. At the 6-month follow-up, one eye with CME at 2 months improved, and a new case of CME (5.6%) was detected. The characteristics of epiretinal membrane, lamellar hole, vitreomacular traction, and foveoschisis did not change at the 2- and 6-month examinations and no new cases occurred. Conclusion: Uncomplicated phacoemulsification had no significant effect on the prevalence or characteristics of pre-existing macular abnormalities in eyes with high myopia up to 6 months of follow-up. The incidence of CME 2 months after uncomplicated cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia was about 9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ashraf
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Koohestani
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhang Z, Miao Y, Fang X, Luo Q, Wang Y. Accuracy of the Haigis and SRK/T Formulas in Eyes Longer than 29.0 mm and the Influence of Central Corneal Keratometry Reading. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:1316-1321. [PMID: 29958004 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1488265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyu Miao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Wu PC, Chuang MN, Choi J, Chen H, Wu G, Ohno-Matsui K, Jonas JB, Cheung CMG. Update in myopia and treatment strategy of atropine use in myopia control. Eye (Lond) 2018; 33:3-13. [PMID: 29891900 PMCID: PMC6328548 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of myopia is increasing globally. Complications of myopia are associated with huge economic and social costs. It is believed that high myopia in adulthood can be traced back to school age onset myopia. Therefore, it is crucial and urgent to implement effective measures of myopia control, which may include preventing myopia onset as well as retarding myopia progression in school age children. The mechanism of myopia is still poorly understood. There are some evidences to suggest excessive expansion of Bruch’s membrane, possibly in response to peripheral hyperopic defocus, and it may be one of the mechanisms leading to the uncontrolled axial elongation of the globe. Atropine is currently the most effective therapy for myopia control. Recent clinical trials demonstrated low-dose atropine eye drops such as 0.01% resulted in retardation of myopia progression, with significantly less side effects compared to higher concentration preparation. However, there remain a proportion of patients who are poor responders, in whom the optimal management remains unclear. Proposed strategies include stepwise increase of atropine dosing, and a combination of low-dose atropine with increase outdoor time. This review will focus on the current understanding of epidemiology, pathophysiology in myopia and highlight recent clinical trials using atropine in the school-aged children, as well as the treatment strategy in clinical implementation in hyperopic, pre-myopic and myopic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Ni Chuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jessy Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sheffield Children Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Grace Wu
- Singapore Eye Research Institutes, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institutes, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Ocular biometric characteristics of cataract patients in western China. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:99. [PMID: 29665792 PMCID: PMC5904982 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to measure ocular biometric characteristics in older cataract patients from western China. METHODS Ocular biometry records were retrospectively analyzed for 6933 patients with cataracts (6933 eyes) at least 50 years old who were treated at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. RESULTS Partial coherence laser interferometry gave the following population averages: axial length (AL), 24.32 ± 2.42 mm; anterior chamber depth (ACD), 3.08 ± 0.47 mm; keratometric power (K), 44.23 ± 1.66 diopters; and corneal astigmatism (CA), 1.00 ± 0.92 diopters. The percentage of individuals with AL > 26.5 mm was 13.66%, while the percentage with CA > 1.0 diopters was 35.54%. Mean AL and ACD showed a trend of decrease with increasing age (P < 0.001). AL correlated positively with ACD (Spearman coefficient, 0.542) and CA (0.111), but negatively with K (- 0.411) (all P < 0.01). K also correlated negatively with ACD (- 0.078, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results show, for the first time, that older cataract patients from western China have similar ocular biometric characteristics as other populations. The high prevalence of severe axial myopia warrants further investigation.
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Kang JM, Baek SU, Chansangpetch S, Perez CI, Wang D, He M, Nguyen A, Park KH, Lin SC. Comparison of Anterior Segment Parameters among Koreans, Chinese, and White Persons. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2018; 1:182-188. [PMID: 32672651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate anterior segment (AS) parameters obtained by AS OCT within an urban Korean population and to compare them with measurements seen in Chinese and white participants. DESIGN Prospective, cross-sectional, clinic-based study. PARTICIPANTS Three gender- and age-matched cohorts of Korean, Chinese, and white participants recruited from general ophthalmology clinics in urban academic hospital settings. METHODS Anterior segment OCT (Visante OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) was used to image the AS of all participants. Customized software was used to calculate AS parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Five angle parameters (AOD500, AOD750, TISA500, TISA750, ARA), 5 iris parameters (IT750, IT2000, ITCM, Iarea, Icurv), and 5 anterior chamber parameters (ACD, ACW, ACA, ACV, LV) were compared. Anterior vault (AV), relative AV, and relative LV were also calculated. These parameters were compared across all cohorts using a Kruskal-Wallis test. General linear models were built to assess pairwise comparison between Korean and Chinese and between Korean and white cohorts. Two-sided P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. We also considered Bonferroni correction to control family-wise type 1 error (ɑFW = 0.05 / 18 = 0.003). RESULTS The study included 132, 124, and 112 participants in the Korean, Chinese, and white cohorts, respectively. Korean participants showed AS parameters similar to those of Chinese participants, with the exception of having a smaller average ACW and a larger average IT2000. Compared with white persons, Koreans showed smaller angle parameters (trabecular-iris space area measured at 500 μm and 750 μm from the SS and angle recess area), anterior chamber parameters (ACD, ACW, ACA, ACV), and thicker irises (iris thickness measured at 750 μm and 2000 μm from the SS, maximum IT at the middle one third of the iris). The Korean cohort also was noted to show a smaller average LV compared with both Chinese and white cohorts. CONCLUSIONS The Korean cohort demonstrated smaller average LV and relative LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Minjy Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Sung Uk Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunee Chansangpetch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Claudio I Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Fundación Oftalmológica los Andes, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Centre of Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anwell Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan C Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Glaucoma Center of San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Okamoto Y, Okamoto F, Nakano S, Oshika T. Morphometric assessment of normal human ciliary body using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2017; 255:2437-2442. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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