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Wei Y, Zhong S, Yang H, Wang X, Lv B, Bian Y, Pei Y, Xu C, Zhao Q, Wu Y, Luo D, Wang F, Sun H, Chen Y. Current therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): A review on past and future therapeutic strategies. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116496. [PMID: 38759454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects the first and second motoneurons (MNs), associated with muscle weakness, paralysis and finally death. The exact etiology of the disease still remains unclear. Currently, efforts to develop novel ALS treatments which target specific pathomechanisms are being studied. The mechanisms of ALS pathogenesis involve multiple factors, such as protein aggregation, glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, inflammation etc. Unfortunately, to date, there are only two FDA-approved drugs for ALS, riluzole and edavarone, without curative treatment for ALS. Herein, we give an overview of the many pathways and review the recent discovery and preclinical characterization of neuroprotective compounds. Meanwhile, drug combination and other therapeutic approaches are also reviewed. In the last part, we analyze the reasons of clinical failure and propose perspective on the treatment of ALS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huajing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bingbing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yaoyao Bian
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Center of TCM External Medication Researching and Industrializing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuqiong Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chunlei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yulan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Daying Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Potenza RL, Armida M, Popoli P. Can Some Anticancer Drugs Be Repurposed to Treat Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? A Brief Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1751. [PMID: 38339026 PMCID: PMC10855887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare progressive motor neuron disease that, due to its high complexity, still lacks effective treatments. Development of a new drug is a highly costly and time-consuming process, and the repositioning of approved drugs can represent an efficient strategy to provide therapeutic opportunities. This is particularly true for rare diseases, which are characterised by small patient populations and therefore attract little commercial interest. Based on the overlap between the biological background of cancer and neurodegeneration, the repurposing of antineoplastic drugs for ALS has been suggested. The objective of this narrative review was to summarise the current experimental evidence on the use of approved anticancer drugs in ALS. Specifically, anticancer drugs belonging to different classes were found to act on mechanisms involved in the ALS pathogenesis, and some of them proved to exert beneficial effects in ALS models. However, additional studies are necessary to confirm the real therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs for repositioning in ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Luisa Potenza
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (P.P.)
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Martinez A, Lamaizon CM, Valls C, Llambi F, Leal N, Fitzgerald P, Guy C, Kamiński MM, Inestrosa NC, van Zundert B, Cancino GI, Dulcey AE, Zanlungo S, Marugan JJ, Hetz C, Green DR, Alvarez AR. c-Abl Phosphorylates MFN2 to Regulate Mitochondrial Morphology in Cells under Endoplasmic Reticulum and Oxidative Stress, Impacting Cell Survival and Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2007. [PMID: 38001860 PMCID: PMC10669615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum is a subcellular organelle key in the control of synthesis, folding, and sorting of proteins. Under endoplasmic reticulum stress, an adaptative unfolded protein response is activated; however, if this activation is prolonged, cells can undergo cell death, in part due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial fragmentation. Here, we report that endoplasmic reticulum stress activates c-Abl tyrosine kinase, inducing its translocation to mitochondria. We found that endoplasmic reticulum stress-activated c-Abl interacts with and phosphorylates the mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis. Moreover, the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of c-Abl prevents MFN2 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis in cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress. Finally, in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model, where endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress has been linked to neuronal cell death, we demonstrated that the administration of c-Abl inhibitor neurotinib delays the onset of symptoms. Our results uncovered a function of c-Abl in the crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dynamics via MFN2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Martinez
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Basal Center for Aging and Regeneration, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CARE UC), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Cristian M. Lamaizon
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Cristian Valls
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Fabien Llambi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Nancy Leal
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Patrick Fitzgerald
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Cliff Guy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Marcin M. Kamiński
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- Basal Center for Aging and Regeneration, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CARE UC), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Center of Excellence in Biomedicine of Magallanes (CEBIMA), University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile
| | - Brigitte van Zundert
- Basal Center for Aging and Regeneration, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CARE UC), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (UMMS), Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Gonzalo I. Cancino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Andrés E. Dulcey
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
- The Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Douglas R. Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alejandra R. Alvarez
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Basal Center for Aging and Regeneration, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CARE UC), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
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Motaln H, Rogelj B. The Role of c-Abl Tyrosine Kinase in Brain and Its Pathologies. Cells 2023; 12:2041. [PMID: 37626851 PMCID: PMC10453230 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated status, low regenerative capacity and complex signaling make neuronal tissues highly susceptible to translating an imbalance in cell homeostasis into cell death. The high rate of neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly population confirms this. The multiple and divergent signaling cascades downstream of the various stress triggers challenge researchers to identify the central components of the stress-induced signaling pathways that cause neurodegeneration. Because of their critical role in cell homeostasis, kinases have emerged as one of the key regulators. Among kinases, non-receptor tyrosine kinase (Abelson kinase) c-Abl appears to be involved in both the normal development of neural tissue and the development of neurodegenerative pathologies when abnormally expressed or activated. However, exactly how c-Abl mediates the progression of neurodegeneration remains largely unexplored. Here, we summarize recent findings on the involvement of c-Abl in normal and abnormal processes in nervous tissue, focusing on neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells, with particular reference to molecular events at the interface between stress signaling, DNA damage, and metabolic regulation. Because inhibition of c-Abl has neuroprotective effects and can prevent neuronal death, we believe that an integrated view of c-Abl signaling in neurodegeneration could lead to significantly improved treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Motaln
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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The paradigm of amyloid precursor protein in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The potential role of the 682YENPTY 687 motif. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:923-930. [PMID: 36698966 PMCID: PMC9860402 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive decline of neuronal function in several brain areas, and are always associated with cognitive, psychiatric, or motor deficits due to the atrophy of certain neuronal populations. Most neurodegenerative diseases share common pathological mechanisms, such as neurotoxic protein misfolding, oxidative stress, and impairment of autophagy machinery. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most common adult-onset motor neuron disorders worldwide. It is clinically characterized by the selective and progressive loss of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord, ultimately leading to muscle atrophy and rapidly progressive paralysis. Multiple recent studies have indicated that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic fragments are not only drivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but also one of the earliest signatures in ALS, preceding or anticipating neuromuscular junction instability and denervation. Indeed, altered levels of APP peptides have been found in the brain, muscles, skin, and cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients. In this short review, we discuss the nature and extent of research evidence on the role of APP peptides in ALS, focusing on the intracellular C-terminal peptide and its regulatory motif 682YENPTY687, with the overall aim of providing new frameworks and perspectives for intervention and identifying key questions for future investigations.
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FDA-Approved Kinase Inhibitors in Preclinical and Clinical Trials for Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121546. [PMID: 36558997 PMCID: PMC9784968 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases. We previously developed a new concept termed "Aberrant Cell Cycle Diseases" (ACCD), revealing that these two diseases share a common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation, which are hallmarks of both tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Therefore, some cancer therapies (e.g., kinase inhibition, tumor suppressor elevation) can be leveraged for neurological treatments. The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has so far approved 74 kinase inhibitors, with numerous other kinase inhibitors in clinical trials, mostly for the treatment of cancers. In contrast, there are dire unmet needs of FDA-approved drugs for neurological treatments, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), ischemic stroke (IS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and others. In this review, we list these 74 FDA-approved kinase-targeted drugs and identify those that have been reported in preclinical and/or clinical trials for neurological disorders, with a purpose of discussing the feasibility and applicability of leveraging these cancer drugs (FDA-approved kinase inhibitors) for neurological treatments.
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7
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Lee S, Ryu HG, Kweon SH, Kim H, Park H, Lee KH, Jang SM, Na CH, Kim S, Ko HS. c-Abl Regulates the Pathological Deposition of TDP-43 via Tyrosine 43 Phosphorylation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243972. [PMID: 36552734 PMCID: PMC9776721 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Abl plays a role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here, we found that TDP-43, which was one of the main proteins comprising pathological deposits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a novel substrate for c-Abl. The phosphorylation of tyrosine 43 of TDP-43 by c-Abl led to increased TDP-43 levels in the cytoplasm and increased the formation of G3BP1-positive stress granules in SH-SY5Y cells. The kinase-dead mutant of c-Abl had no effect on the cytoplasmic localization of TDP-43. The expression of phosphor-mimetic mutant Y43E of TDP-43 in primary cortical neurons accumulated the neurite granule. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of TDP-43 at tyrosine 43 by c-Abl promoted the aggregation of TDP-43 and increased neuronal cell death in primary cortical neurons, but not in c-Abl-deficient primary cortical neurons. Identification of c-Abl as the kinase of TDP43 provides new insight into the pathogenesis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saebom Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Guk Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Ho Kweon
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyerynn Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyun Na
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.S.K.)
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Imamura K, Izumi Y, Nagai M, Nishiyama K, Watanabe Y, Hanajima R, Egawa N, Ayaki T, Oki R, Fujita K, Uozumi R, Morinaga A, Hirohashi T, Fujii Y, Yamamoto T, Tatebe H, Tokuda T, Takahashi N, Morita S, Takahashi R, Inoue H. Safety and tolerability of bosutinib in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (iDReAM study): A multicentre, open-label, dose-escalation phase 1 trial. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 53:101707. [PMID: 36467452 PMCID: PMC9716331 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of motor neurons, and development of effective medicines is urgently required. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based drug repurposing identified the Src/c-Abl inhibitor bosutinib, which is approved for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), as a candidate for the molecular targeted therapy of ALS. METHODS An open-label, multicentre, dose-escalation phase 1 study using a 3 + 3 design was conducted in 4 hospitals in Japan to evaluate the safety and tolerability of bosutinib in patients with ALS. Furthermore, the exploratory efficacy was evaluated using Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R), predictive biomarkers including plasma neurofilament light chain (NFL) were explored, and single-cell RNA sequencing of iPSC-derived motor neurons was conducted. Patients, whose total ALSFRS-R scores decreased by 1-3 points during the 12-week, received escalating doses starting from 100 mg quaque die (QD) up to 400 mg QD based on dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurrence, and all participants who received one dose of the study drug were included in the primary analysis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04744532, as Induced pluripotent stem cell-based Drug Repurposing for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Medicine (iDReAM) study. FINDINGS Between March 29, 2019 and May 7, 2021, 20 patients were enrolled, 13 of whom received bosutinib treatment and 12 were included in the safety and efficacy analyses. No DLTs were observed up to 300 mg QD, but DLTs were observed in 3/3 patients of the 400 mg QD cohort. In all patients receiving 100 mg-400 mg, the prevalent adverse events (AEs) were gastrointestinal AEs in 12 patients (92.3%), liver function related AEs in 7 patients (53.8%), and rash in 3 patients (23.1%). The safety profile was consistent with that known for CML treatment, and ALS-specific AEs were not observed. A subset of patients (5/9 patients) was found to respond well to bosutinib treatment over the 12-week treatment period. It was found that the treatment-responsive patients could be distinguished by their lower levels of plasma NFL. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing of iPSC-derived motor neurons revealed the pathogenesis related molecular signature in patients with ALS showing responsiveness to bosutinib. INTERPRETATION This is the first trial of a Src/c-Abl inhibitor, bosutinib, for patients with ALS. The safety and tolerability of bosutinib up to 300 mg, not 400 mg, in ALS were described, and responsiveness of patients on motor function was observed. Since this was an open-label trial within a short period with a limited number of patients, further clinical trials will be required. FUNDING AMED and iPS Cell Research Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Imamura
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makiko Nagai
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Watanabe
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Hanajima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Naohiro Egawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ayaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Oki
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryuji Uozumi
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Harutsugu Tatebe
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiko Tokuda
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Corresponding author. 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Pref., 606-8507, Japan.
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Sever B, Ciftci H, DeMirci H, Sever H, Ocak F, Yulug B, Tateishi H, Tateishi T, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Başak AN. Comprehensive Research on Past and Future Therapeutic Strategies Devoted to Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052400. [PMID: 35269543 PMCID: PMC8910198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly debilitating fatal neurodegenerative disorder, causing muscle atrophy and weakness, which leads to paralysis and eventual death. ALS has a multifaceted nature affected by many pathological mechanisms, including oxidative stress (also via protein aggregation), mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, axonal degeneration, skeletal muscle deterioration and viruses. This complexity is a major obstacle in defeating ALS. At present, riluzole and edaravone are the only drugs that have passed clinical trials for the treatment of ALS, notwithstanding that they showed modest benefits in a limited population of ALS. A dextromethorphan hydrobromide and quinidine sulfate combination was also approved to treat pseudobulbar affect (PBA) in the course of ALS. Globally, there is a struggle to prevent or alleviate the symptoms of this neurodegenerative disease, including implementation of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), CRISPR-9/Cas technique, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) or ALS-on-a-chip technology. Additionally, researchers have synthesized and screened new compounds to be effective in ALS beyond the drug repurposing strategy. Despite all these efforts, ALS treatment is largely limited to palliative care, and there is a strong need for new therapeutics to be developed. This review focuses on and discusses which therapeutic strategies have been followed so far and what can be done in the future for the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgin Sever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey;
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.C.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
| | - Halilibrahim Ciftci
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.C.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
| | - Hasan DeMirci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
| | - Hilal Sever
- Ministry of Health, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Istanbul 34098, Turkey;
| | - Firdevs Ocak
- Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey;
| | - Burak Yulug
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya 07425, Turkey;
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.C.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
| | - Takahisa Tateishi
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan;
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.C.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.C.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (A.N.B.); Tel.: +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.); +90-850-250-8250 (A.N.B.)
| | - Ayşe Nazlı Başak
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (KUTTAM-NDAL), Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (A.N.B.); Tel.: +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.); +90-850-250-8250 (A.N.B.)
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10
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Tarantino N, Canfora I, Camerino GM, Pierno S. Therapeutic Targets in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Focus on Ion Channels and Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030415. [PMID: 35159225 PMCID: PMC8834084 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease caused by progressive loss of motor neurons, which severely compromises skeletal muscle function. Evidence shows that muscle may act as a molecular powerhouse, whose final signals generate in patients a progressive loss of voluntary muscle function and weakness leading to paralysis. This pathology is the result of a complex cascade of events that involves a crosstalk among motor neurons, glia, and muscles, and evolves through the action of converging toxic mechanisms. In fact, mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to oxidative stress, is one of the mechanisms causing cell death. It is a common denominator for the two existing forms of the disease: sporadic and familial. Other factors include excitotoxicity, inflammation, and protein aggregation. Currently, there are limited cures. The only approved drug for therapy is riluzole, that modestly prolongs survival, with edaravone now waiting for new clinical trial aimed to clarify its efficacy. Thus, there is a need of effective treatments to reverse the damage in this devastating pathology. Many drugs have been already tested in clinical trials and are currently under investigation. This review summarizes the already tested drugs aimed at restoring muscle-nerve cross-talk and on new treatment options targeting this tissue.
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11
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Feng L, Fu S, Yao Y, Li Y, Xu L, Zhao Y, Luo L. Roles for c-Abl in postoperative neurodegeneration. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1753-1761. [PMID: 36313229 PMCID: PMC9608039 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.73740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl is inactive under normal conditions. Upon activation, c-Abl regulates signaling pathways related to cytoskeletal reorganization. It plays a vital role in modulating cell protrusion, cell migration, morphogenesis, adhesion, endocytosis and phagocytosis. A large number of studies have also found that abnormally activated c-Abl plays an important role in a variety of pathologies, including various inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. c-Abl also plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases, mainly through mechanisms such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress (OS), and Tau protein phosphorylation. Inhibiting expression or activity of this kinase has certain neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects and can also improve cognition and behavior. Blockers of this kinase may have good preventive and treatment effects on neurodegenerative diseases. Cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia is also closely related to the abovementioned mechanisms. We infer that alterations in the expression and activity of c-Abl may underlie postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). This article summarizes the current understanding and research progress on the mechanisms by which c-Abl may be related to postoperative neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Shihui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China.,Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, North Carolina, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Longhe Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Leiming Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Russell KL, Downie JM, Gibson SB, Tsetsou S, Keefe MD, Duran JA, Figueroa KP, Bromberg MB, Murtaugh LC, Bonkowsky JL, Pulst SM, Jorde LB. Pathogenic Effect of TP73 Gene Variants in People With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurology 2021; 97:e225-e235. [PMID: 34135078 PMCID: PMC8302149 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify novel disease associated loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we used sequencing data and performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to demonstrate pathogenicity of mutations identified in TP73. METHODS We analyzed exome sequences of 87 patients with sporadic ALS and 324 controls, with confirmatory sequencing in independent ALS cohorts of >2,800 patients. For the top hit, TP73, a regulator of apoptosis and differentiation and a binding partner and homolog of the tumor suppressor gene TP53, we assayed mutation effects using in vitro and in vivo experiments. C2C12 myoblast differentiation assays, characterization of myotube appearance, and immunoprecipitation of p53-p73 complexes were performed in vitro. In vivo, we used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 targeting of zebrafish tp73 to assay motor neuron number and axon morphology. RESULTS Four heterozygous rare, nonsynonymous mutations in TP73 were identified in our sporadic ALS cohort. In independent ALS cohorts, we identified an additional 19 rare, deleterious variants in TP73. Patient TP73 mutations caused abnormal differentiation and increased apoptosis in the myoblast differentiation assay, with abnormal myotube appearance. Immunoprecipitation of mutant ΔN-p73 demonstrated that patient mutations hinder the ability of ΔN-p73 to bind p53. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of tp73 in zebrafish led to impaired motor neuron development and abnormal axonal morphology, concordant with ALS pathology. CONCLUSION Together, these results strongly suggest that variants in TP73 correlate with risk for ALS and indicate a role for apoptosis in ALS disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi L Russell
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT.
| | - Jonathan M Downie
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Summer B Gibson
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Spyridoula Tsetsou
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Matthew D Keefe
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jerry A Duran
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Karla P Figueroa
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Mark B Bromberg
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - L Charles Murtaugh
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Joshua L Bonkowsky
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Stefan M Pulst
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Lynn B Jorde
- From the Departments of Human Genetics (K.L.R., J.A.D., L.C.M., L.B.J.), Neurology (S.B.G., K.P.F., M.B.B., S.M.P.), and Pediatrics (M.D.K., J.L.B.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Medicine (J.M.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurosurgery (S.T.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Brain and Spine Center (J.L.B.), Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
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13
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c-Abl activates RIPK3 signaling in Gaucher disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166089. [PMID: 33549745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by homozygous mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal β-glucosidase (GBA) enzyme. GD affects several organs and tissues, including the brain in certain variants of the disease. Heterozygous GBA1 variants are a major genetic risk factor for developing Parkinson's disease. The RIPK3 kinase is relevant in GD and its deficiency improves the neurological and visceral symptoms in a murine GD model. RIPK3 mediates necroptotic-like cell death: it is unknown whether the role of RIPK3 in GD is the direct induction of necroptosis or if it has a more indirect function by mediating necrosis-independent. Also, the mechanisms that activate RIPK3 in GD are currently unknown. In this study, we show that c-Abl tyrosine kinase participates upstream of RIPK3 in GD. We found that the active, phosphorylated form of c-Abl is increased in several GD models, including patient's fibroblasts and GBA null mice. Furthermore, its pharmacological inhibition with the FDA-approved drug Imatinib decreased RIPK3 signaling. We found that c-Abl interacts with RIPK3, that RIPK3 is phosphorylated at a tyrosine site, and that this phosphorylation is reduced when c-Abl is inhibited. Genetic ablation of c-Abl in neuronal GD and GD mice models significantly reduced RIPK3 activation and MLKL downstream signaling. These results showed that c-Abl signaling is a new upstream pathway that activates RIPK3 and that its inhibition is an attractive therapeutic approach for the treatment of GD.
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14
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Guo W, Vandoorne T, Steyaert J, Staats KA, Van Den Bosch L. The multifaceted role of kinases in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: genetic, pathological and therapeutic implications. Brain 2021; 143:1651-1673. [PMID: 32206784 PMCID: PMC7296858 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common degenerative disorder of motor neurons in adults. As there is no cure, thousands of individuals who are alive at present will succumb to the disease. In recent years, numerous causative genes and risk factors for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been identified. Several of the recently identified genes encode kinases. In addition, the hypothesis that (de)phosphorylation processes drive the disease process resulting in selective motor neuron degeneration in different disease variants has been postulated. We re-evaluate the evidence for this hypothesis based on recent findings and discuss the multiple roles of kinases in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis. We propose that kinases could represent promising therapeutic targets. Mainly due to the comprehensive regulation of kinases, however, a better understanding of the disturbances in the kinome network in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is needed to properly target specific kinases in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Guo
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven-Stem Cell Institute (SCIL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Steyaert
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim A Staats
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Amin A, Perera ND, Beart PM, Turner BJ, Shabanpoor F. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Autophagy: Dysfunction and Therapeutic Targeting. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112413. [PMID: 33158177 PMCID: PMC7694295 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, there has been a drastically increased understanding of the genetic basis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Despite the identification of more than 40 different ALS-causing mutations, the accumulation of neurotoxic misfolded proteins, inclusions, and aggregates within motor neurons is the main pathological hallmark in all cases of ALS. These protein aggregates are proposed to disrupt cellular processes and ultimately result in neurodegeneration. One of the main reasons implicated in the accumulation of protein aggregates may be defective autophagy, a highly conserved intracellular “clearance” system delivering misfolded proteins, aggregates, and damaged organelles to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy is one of the primary stress response mechanisms activated in highly sensitive and specialised neurons following insult to ensure their survival. The upregulation of autophagy through pharmacological autophagy-inducing agents has largely been shown to reduce intracellular protein aggregate levels and disease phenotypes in different in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we explore the intriguing interface between ALS and autophagy, provide a most comprehensive summary of autophagy-targeted drugs that have been examined or are being developed as potential treatments for ALS to date, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for targeting autophagy in ALS.
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16
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Contreras PS, Tapia PJ, González-Hódar L, Peluso I, Soldati C, Napolitano G, Matarese M, Heras ML, Valls C, Martinez A, Balboa E, Castro J, Leal N, Platt FM, Sobota A, Winter D, Klein AD, Medina DL, Ballabio A, Alvarez AR, Zanlungo S. c-Abl Inhibition Activates TFEB and Promotes Cellular Clearance in a Lysosomal Disorder. iScience 2020; 23:101691. [PMID: 33163944 PMCID: PMC7607485 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor EB (TFEB) has emerged as a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, exocytosis, and autophagy, promoting the clearance of substrates stored in cells. c-Abl is a tyrosine kinase that participates in cellular signaling in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In this study, we explored the connection between c-Abl and TFEB. Here, we show that under pharmacological and genetic c-Abl inhibition, TFEB translocates into the nucleus promoting the expression of its target genes independently of its well-known regulator, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. Active c-Abl induces TFEB phosphorylation on tyrosine and the inhibition of this kinase promotes lysosomal biogenesis, autophagy, and exocytosis. c-Abl inhibition in Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) models, a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes, promotes a cholesterol-lowering effect in a TFEB-dependent manner. Thus, c-Abl is a TFEB regulator that mediates its tyrosine phosphorylation, and the inhibition of c-Abl activates TFEB promoting cholesterol clearance in NPC models. c-Abl is a TFEB regulator that mediates its tyr phosphorylation c-Abl inhibition promotes TFEB activity independently of mTORC1 c-Abl inhibition reduces cholesterol accumulation in NPC1 models
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo S Contreras
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile.,CARE UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Pablo J Tapia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Lila González-Hódar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Ivana Peluso
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Soldati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Matarese
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Macarena Las Heras
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Cristian Valls
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile.,CARE UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis Martinez
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile.,CARE UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisa Balboa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Juan Castro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Nancy Leal
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile.,CARE UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrzej Sobota
- Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominic Winter
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrés D Klein
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Universidad Del Desarrollo Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alejandra R Alvarez
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile.,CARE UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 8331010, Chile
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17
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Song GJ, Rahman MH, Jha MK, Gupta DP, Park SH, Kim JH, Lee SH, Lee IK, Sim T, Bae YC, Lee WH, Suk K. A Bcr-Abl Inhibitor GNF-2 Attenuates Inflammatory Activation of Glia and Chronic Pain. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:543. [PMID: 31164822 PMCID: PMC6535676 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
GNF-2 is an allosteric inhibitor of Bcr-Abl. It was developed as a new class of anti-cancer drug to treat resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia. Recent studies suggest that c-Abl inhibition would provide a neuroprotective effect in animal models of Parkinson’s disease as well as in clinical trials. However, the role of c-Abl and effects of GNF-2 in glia-mediated neuroinflammation or pain hypersensitivity has not been investigated. Thus, in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that c-Abl inhibition by GNF-2 may attenuate the inflammatory activation of glia and the ensuing pain behaviors in animal models. Our results show that GNF-2 reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in cultured glial cells in a c-Abl-dependent manner. The small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of c-Abl attenuated LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) activation and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in glial cell cultures. Moreover, GNF-2 administration significantly attenuated mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities in experimental models of diabetic and inflammatory pain. Together, our findings suggest the involvement of c-Abl in neuroinflammation and pain pathogenesis and that GNF-2 can be used for the management of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyun Jee Song
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, South Korea.,Translational Brain Research Center, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Mithilesh Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deepak Prasad Gupta
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Park
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, and VORONOI Inc., Incheon, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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18
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Uenaka T, Satake W, Cha PC, Hayakawa H, Baba K, Jiang S, Kobayashi K, Kanagawa M, Okada Y, Mochizuki H, Toda T. In silico drug screening by using genome-wide association study data repurposed dabrafenib, an anti-melanoma drug, for Parkinson's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3974-3985. [PMID: 30137437 PMCID: PMC6216208 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss. At present, there are no drugs that stop the progression of PD. As with other multifactorial genetic disorders, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) found multiple risk loci for PD, although their clinical significance remains uncertain. Here, we report the identification of candidate drugs for PD by a method using GWAS data and in silico databases. We identified 57 Food and Drug Administration-approved drug families as candidate neuroprotective drugs for PD. Among them, dabrafenib, which is known as a B-Raf kinase inhibitor and is approved for the treatment of malignant melanoma, showed remarkable cytoprotective effects in neurotoxin-treated SH-SY5Y cells and mice. Dabrafenib was found to inhibit apoptosis, and to enhance the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and inhibit the phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. Dabrafenib targets B-Raf, and we confirmed a protein-protein interaction between B-Raf and Rit2, which is coded by RIT2, a PD risk gene in Asians and Caucasians. In RIT2-knockout cells, the phosphorylation of ERK was reduced, and dabrafenib treatment improved the ERK phosphorylation. These data indicated that dabrafenib exerts protective effects against neurotoxicity associated with PD. By using animal model, we confirmed the effectiveness of this in silico screening method. Furthermore, our results suggest that this in silico drug screening system is useful in not only neurodegenerative diseases but also other common diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uenaka
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Wataru Satake
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Pei-Chieng Cha
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayakawa
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shiying Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kobayashi
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Motoi Kanagawa
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Activation of Phosphotyrosine-Mediated Signaling Pathways in the Cortex and Spinal Cord of SOD1 G93A, a Mouse Model of Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:2430193. [PMID: 30154836 PMCID: PMC6098854 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2430193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of cortical and spinal motor neurons is the typical feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease for which a pathogenetic role for the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) has been demonstrated. Mice overexpressing a mutated form of the SOD1 gene (SOD1G93A) develop a syndrome that closely resembles the human disease. The SOD1 mutations confer to this enzyme a “gain-of-function,” leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species. Several oxidants induce tyrosine phosphorylation through direct stimulation of kinases and/or phosphatases. In this study, we analyzed the activities of src and fyn tyrosine kinases and of protein tyrosine phosphatases in synaptosomal fractions prepared from the motor cortex and spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing SOD1G93A. We found that (i) protein phosphotyrosine level is increased, (ii) src and fyn activities are upregulated, and (iii) the activity of tyrosine phosphatases, including the striatal-enriched tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), is significantly decreased. Moreover, the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B tyrosine phosphorylation was upregulated in SOD1G93A. Tyrosine phosphorylation of GluN2B subunits regulates the NMDAR function and the recruitment of downstream signaling molecules. Indeed, we found that proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) and ERK1/2 kinase are upregulated in SOD1G93A mice. These results point out an involvement of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases in the pathogenesis of ALS.
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20
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Amyloid-β oligomers synaptotoxicity: The emerging role of EphA4/c-Abl signaling in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1148-1159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Lee WJ, Moon J, Kim TJ, Jun JS, Lee HS, Ryu YJ, Lee ST, Jung KH, Park KI, Jung KY, Kim M, Lee SK, Chu K. The c-Abl inhibitor, nilotinib, as a potential therapeutic agent for chronic cerebellar ataxia. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 309:82-87. [PMID: 28601294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nilotinib is a potent inhibitor of tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL that penetrates the blood-brain barrier. To evaluate the effect of nilotinib in chronic cerebellar ataxia, twelve patients with chronic cerebellar ataxia nonresponsive to other treatment options (modified Rankin scale [mRS] scores: >2) and received nilotinib therapy (daily doses: 150-300mg) for >4 (range 5-16) weeks were reviewed. At follow-up, improved mRS scores were found in 7/12 (58.3%) patients and favorable mRS scores (≤2) were found in 6/12 (50.0%) patients. No severe adverse event was observed. Atrophy in the cerebellar vermis appeared to be negatively associated with favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Lee
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jangsup Moon
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Jun
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Sang Lee
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Il Park
- Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Protein Metabolism Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Kun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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22
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Imamura K, Izumi Y, Watanabe A, Tsukita K, Woltjen K, Yamamoto T, Hotta A, Kondo T, Kitaoka S, Ohta A, Tanaka A, Watanabe D, Morita M, Takuma H, Tamaoka A, Kunath T, Wray S, Furuya H, Era T, Makioka K, Okamoto K, Fujisawa T, Nishitoh H, Homma K, Ichijo H, Julien JP, Obata N, Hosokawa M, Akiyama H, Kaneko S, Ayaki T, Ito H, Kaji R, Takahashi R, Yamanaka S, Inoue H. The Src/c-Abl pathway is a potential therapeutic target in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaaf3962. [PMID: 28539470 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf3962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal disease causing progressive loss of motor neurons, still has no effective treatment. We developed a phenotypic screen to repurpose existing drugs using ALS motor neuron survival as readout. Motor neurons were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from an ALS patient with a mutation in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Results of the screen showed that more than half of the hits targeted the Src/c-Abl signaling pathway. Src/c-Abl inhibitors increased survival of ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons in vitro. Knockdown of Src or c-Abl with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) also rescued ALS motor neuron degeneration. One of the hits, bosutinib, boosted autophagy, reduced the amount of misfolded mutant SOD1 protein, and attenuated altered expression of mitochondrial genes. Bosutinib also increased survival in vitro of ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons from patients with sporadic ALS or other forms of familial ALS caused by mutations in TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) or repeat expansions in C9orf72 Furthermore, bosutinib treatment modestly extended survival of a mouse model of ALS with an SOD1 mutation, suggesting that Src/c-Abl may be a potentially useful target for developing new drugs to treat ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Imamura
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tsukita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Knut Woltjen
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shiho Kitaoka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Ohta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akito Tanaka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Dai Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takuma
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tilo Kunath
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Selina Wray
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Hirokazu Furuya
- Department of Neurology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Takumi Era
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kouki Makioka
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi 371-0847, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideki Nishitoh
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1601, Japan
| | - Kengo Homma
- Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Research Centre of Mental Health Institute of Quebec (IUSMQ), Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Nanako Obata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Masato Hosokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Akiyama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Neurology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1191, Japan
| | - Takashi Ayaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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23
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Lawana V, Singh N, Sarkar S, Charli A, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A. Involvement of c-Abl Kinase in Microglial Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Impairment in Autolysosomal System. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2017; 12:624-660. [PMID: 28466394 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-017-9746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that excessive microglial activation and pesticide exposure may be linked to the etiology of PD; however, the mechanisms involved remain elusive. Emerging evidence indicates that intracellular inflammasome complex namely NLRP3 complex is involved in the recognition and execution of host inflammatory response. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is linked to rotenone (ROT)-induced microglial activation which is dependent upon a priming stimulus by a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) or damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP), respectively. Herein using both BV2 cells and primary microglial cells, we show that LPS priming and subsequent ROT stimulation enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, c-Abl and PKCδ activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, NF-κB activation, and autophagic markers, while TFEB levels were decreased dramatically. Mechanistic studies revealed c-Abl acts as a proximal signal that exacerbated the activation of the afore mentioned markers. Intriguingly, siRNA-mediated depletion or pharmacological inhibition of c-Abl via dasatinib abrogated LPS and ROT-induced microglial activation response via attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and ALS dysfunction. Moreover, mitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial antioxidant, attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation effects via blockade of c-Abl and PKCδ activation. In LPS treated mice, dasatinib attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, c-Abl and PKCδ activation; and sickness behavior. Together our findings identify an exaggerated ROS/c-Abl/NLRP3 signaling axis in the heightened microglial activation response evidenced in LPS-primed ROT-stimulated microglial cells and suggest that targeting c-Abl-regulated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling offers a novel therapeutic strategy for PD treatment. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Lawana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 2016 Veterinary Medicine Building, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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24
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Hendriksz CJ, Anheim M, Bauer P, Bonnot O, Chakrapani A, Corvol JC, de Koning TJ, Degtyareva A, Dionisi-Vici C, Doss S, Duning T, Giunti P, Iodice R, Johnston T, Kelly D, Klünemann HH, Lorenzl S, Padovani A, Pocovi M, Synofzik M, Terblanche A, Then Bergh F, Topçu M, Tranchant C, Walterfang M, Velten C, Kolb SA. The hidden Niemann-Pick type C patient: clinical niches for a rare inherited metabolic disease. Curr Med Res Opin 2017; 33:877-890. [PMID: 28276873 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1294054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disease of impaired intracellular lipid trafficking. Clinical symptoms are highly heterogeneous, including neurological, visceral, or psychiatric manifestations. The incidence of NP-C is under-estimated due to under-recognition or misdiagnosis across a wide range of medical fields. New screening and diagnostic methods provide an opportunity to improve detection of unrecognized cases in clinical sub-populations associated with a higher risk of NP-C. Patients in these at-risk groups ("clinical niches") have symptoms that are potentially related to NP-C, but go unrecognized due to other, more prevalent clinical features, and lack of awareness regarding underlying metabolic causes. METHODS Twelve potential clinical niches identified by clinical experts were evaluated based on a comprehensive, non-systematic review of literature published to date. Relevant publications were identified by targeted literature searches of EMBASE and PubMed using key search terms specific to each niche. Articles published in English or other European languages up to 2016 were included. FINDINGS Several niches were found to be relevant based on available data: movement disorders (early-onset ataxia and dystonia), organic psychosis, early-onset cholestasis/(hepato)splenomegaly, cases with relevant antenatal findings or fetal abnormalities, and patients affected by family history, consanguinity, and endogamy. Potentially relevant niches requiring further supportive data included: early-onset cognitive decline, frontotemporal dementia, parkinsonism, and chronic inflammatory CNS disease. There was relatively weak evidence to suggest amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or progressive supranuclear gaze palsy as potential niches. CONCLUSIONS Several clinical niches have been identified that harbor patients at increased risk of NP-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Hendriksz
- a Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester , UK
- b University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- c University of Strasbourg , Hautepierre Hospital , Strasbourg , France
| | - Peter Bauer
- d Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University , Tübingen, Germany
- e CENTOGENE AG , Rostock , Germany
| | | | | | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- h Sorbonne University , UPMC and Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Nervous System Diseases , Paris , France
| | | | - Anna Degtyareva
- j Federal State Budget Institution, Research Center for Obstetrics , Gynecology and Perinatology , Moscow , Russia
| | | | - Sarah Doss
- l Charite University Medicine Berlin , Department of Neurology , Berlin , Germany
| | | | - Paola Giunti
- n University College London, Institute of Neurology , London , UK
| | - Rosa Iodice
- o University Federico II Naples , Naples , Italy
| | | | | | - Hans-Hermann Klünemann
- r University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Regensburg University , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Stefan Lorenzl
- s Ludwig Maximillian University , Munich , Germany
- t Paracelus Medical University , Salzburg , Austria
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- u Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | | | - Matthis Synofzik
- w Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases , Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research , Tübingen, Germany
- x German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Meral Topçu
- z Hacettepe University Children's Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Stefan A Kolb
- ac Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd , Allschwil , Switzerland
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25
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Lu H, Le WD, Xie YY, Wang XP. Current Therapy of Drugs in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:314-21. [PMID: 26786249 PMCID: PMC4876587 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160120152423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly termed as motor neuron disease (MND) in UK, is a chronically lethal disorder among the neurodegenerative diseases, meanwhile. ALS is basically irreversible and progressive deterioration of upper and lower motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem and medulla spinalis. Riluzole, used for the treatment of ALS, was demonstrated to slightly delay the initiation of respiratory dysfunction and extend the median survival of patients by a few months. In this study, the key biochemical defects were discussed, such as: mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial protectants, and anti-excitotoxic/ anti-oxidative / anti-inflammatory/ anti-apoptotic agents, so the related drug candidates that have been studied in ALS models would possibly be further used in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai First People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, China, 200080.
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26
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Lewandowski SA, Fredriksson L, Lawrence DA, Eriksson U. Pharmacological targeting of the PDGF-CC signaling pathway for blood-brain barrier restoration in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 167:108-119. [PMID: 27524729 PMCID: PMC5341142 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders account for a majority of non-malignant disability in humans and are often associated with dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent evidence shows that despite apparent variation in the origin of neural damage, the central nervous system has a common injury response mechanism involving platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-CC activation in the neurovascular unit and subsequent dysfunction of BBB integrity. Inhibition of PDGF-CC signaling with imatinib in mice has been shown to prevent BBB dysfunction and have neuroprotective effects in acute damage conditions, including traumatic brain injury, seizures or stroke, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases that develop over time, including multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Stroke and traumatic injuries are major risk factors for age-associated neurodegenerative disorders and we speculate that restoring BBB properties through PDGF-CC inhibition might provide a common therapeutic opportunity for treatment of both acute and progressive neuropathology in humans. In this review we will summarize what is known about the role of PDGF-CC in neurovascular signaling events and the variety of seemingly different neuropathologies it is involved in. We will also discuss the pharmacological means of therapeutic interventions for anti-PDGF-CC therapy and ongoing clinical trials. In summary: inhibition of PDGF-CC signaling can be protective for immediate injury and decrease the long-term neurodegenerative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Lewandowski
- Tissue Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Linda Fredriksson
- Vascular Biology Groups, Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 7301 Medical Science Research Building III, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0644, USA
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 7301 Medical Science Research Building III, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0644, USA
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Tissue Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yu W, Parakramaweera R, Teng S, Gowda M, Sharad Y, Thakker-Varia S, Alder J, Sesti F. Oxidation of KCNB1 Potassium Channels Causes Neurotoxicity and Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurosci 2016; 36:11084-11096. [PMID: 27798188 PMCID: PMC5098843 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2273-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The delayed rectifier potassium (K+) channel KCNB1 (Kv2.1), which conducts a major somatodendritic current in cortex and hippocampus, is known to undergo oxidation in the brain, but whether this can cause neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment is not known. Here, we used transgenic mice harboring human KCNB1 wild-type (Tg-WT) or a nonoxidable C73A mutant (Tg-C73A) in cortex and hippocampus to determine whether oxidized KCNB1 channels affect brain function. Animals were subjected to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI), a condition characterized by extensive oxidative stress. Dasatinib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitor of Src tyrosine kinases, was used to impinge on the proapoptotic signaling pathway activated by oxidized KCNB1 channels. Thus, typical lesions of brain injury, namely, inflammation (astrocytosis), neurodegeneration, and cell death, were markedly reduced in Tg-C73A and dasatinib-treated non-Tg animals. Accordingly, Tg-C73A mice and non-Tg mice treated with dasatinib exhibited improved behavioral outcomes in motor (rotarod) and cognitive (Morris water maze) assays compared to controls. Moreover, the activity of Src kinases, along with oxidative stress, were significantly diminished in Tg-C73A brains. Together, these data demonstrate that oxidation of KCNB1 channels is a contributing mechanism to cellular and behavioral deficits in vertebrates and suggest a new therapeutic approach to TBI. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides the first experimental evidence that oxidation of a K+ channel constitutes a mechanism of neuronal and cognitive impairment in vertebrates. Specifically, the interaction of KCNB1 channels with reactive oxygen species plays a major role in the etiology of mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), a condition associated with extensive oxidative stress. In addition, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug ameliorates the outcome of TBI in mouse, by directly impinging on the toxic pathway activated in response to oxidation of the KCNB1 channel. These findings elucidate a basic mechanism of neurotoxicity in vertebrates and might lead to a new therapeutic approach to TBI in humans, which, despite significant efforts, is a condition that remains without effective pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Randika Parakramaweera
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Shavonne Teng
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Manasa Gowda
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Yashsavi Sharad
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Smita Thakker-Varia
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Janet Alder
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Federico Sesti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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Neuronal gene repression in Niemann-Pick type C models is mediated by the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1859:269-79. [PMID: 26603102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of free cholesterol in lysosomes. There are currently no effective FDA-approved treatments for NPC, although in the last years the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has emerged as a potential treatment for this disease. However, the molecular mechanisms that deregulate HDAC activity in NPC disease are unknown. Previously our group had shown that the proapoptotic tyrosine kinase c-Abl signaling is activated in NPC neurons. Here, we demonstrate that c-Abl activity increases HDAC2 levels inducing neuronal gene repression of key synaptic genes in NPC models. RESULTS Our data show that: i) HDAC2 levels and activity are increased in NPC neuronal models and in Npc1(-/-) mice; ii) inhibition of c-Abl or c-Abl deficiency prevents the increase of HDAC2 protein levels and activity in NPC neuronal models; iii) c-Abl inhibition decreases the levels of HDAC2 tyrosine phosphorylation; iv) treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin and vitamin E decreases the activation of the c-Abl/HDAC2 pathway in NPC neurons; v) in vivo treatment with two c-Abl inhibitors prevents the increase of HDAC2 protein levels in the brain of Npc1(-/-) mice; and vi) c-Abl inhibition prevents HDAC2 recruitment to the promoter of neuronal genes, triggering an increase in their expression. CONCLUSION Our data show the involvement of the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway in the regulation of neuronal gene expression in NPC neuronal models. Thus, inhibition of c-Abl could be a pharmacological target for preventing the deleterious effects of increased HDAC2 levels in NPC disease.
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29
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Rojas F, Gonzalez D, Cortes N, Ampuero E, Hernández DE, Fritz E, Abarzua S, Martinez A, Elorza AA, Alvarez A, Court F, van Zundert B. Reactive oxygen species trigger motoneuron death in non-cell-autonomous models of ALS through activation of c-Abl signaling. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:203. [PMID: 26106294 PMCID: PMC4460879 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in which pathogenesis and death of motor neurons are triggered by non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. We showed earlier that exposing primary rat spinal cord cultures to conditioned media derived from primary mouse astrocyte conditioned media (ACM) that express human SOD1G93A (ACM-hSOD1G93A) quickly enhances Nav channel-mediated excitability and calcium influx, generates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and leads to death of motoneurons within days. Here we examined the role of mitochondrial structure and physiology and of the activation of c-Abl, a tyrosine kinase that induces apoptosis. We show that ACM-hSOD1G93A, but not ACM-hSOD1WT, increases c-Abl activity in motoneurons, interneurons and glial cells, starting at 60 min; the c-Abl inhibitor STI571 (imatinib) prevents this ACM-hSOD1G93A-mediated motoneuron death. Interestingly, similar results were obtained with ACM derived from astrocytes expressing SOD1G86R or TDP43A315T. We further find that co-application of ACM-SOD1G93A with blockers of Nav channels (spermidine, mexiletine, or riluzole) or anti-oxidants (Trolox, esculetin, or tiron) effectively prevent c-Abl activation and motoneuron death. In addition, ACM-SOD1G93A induces alterations in the morphology of neuronal mitochondria that are related with their membrane depolarization. Finally, we find that blocking the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore with cyclosporine A, or inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uptake with Ru360, reduces ROS production and c-Abl activation. Together, our data point to a sequence of events in which a toxic factor(s) released by ALS-expressing astrocytes rapidly induces hyper-excitability, which in turn increases calcium influx and affects mitochondrial structure and physiology. ROS production, mediated at least in part through mitochondrial alterations, trigger c-Abl signaling and lead to motoneuron death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Rojas
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - David Gonzalez
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Cortes
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - Estibaliz Ampuero
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego E Hernández
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Elsa Fritz
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Abarzua
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis Martinez
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro A Elorza
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile ; Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Alvarez
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Court
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Brigitte van Zundert
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello Santiago, Chile
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30
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Kiris E, Burnett JC, Nuss JE, Wanner LM, Peyser BD, Du HT, Gomba GY, Kota KP, Panchal RG, Gussio R, Kane CD, Tessarollo L, Bavari S. SRC family kinase inhibitors antagonize the toxicity of multiple serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin in human embryonic stem cell-derived motor neurons. Neurotox Res 2015; 27:384-98. [PMID: 25782580 PMCID: PMC4455898 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the causative agents of botulism, are potent inhibitors of neurotransmitter release from motor neurons. There are currently no drugs to treat BoNT intoxication after the onset of the disease symptoms. In this study, we explored how modulation of key host pathways affects the process of BoNT intoxication in human motor neurons, focusing on Src family kinase (SFK) signaling. Motor neurons derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells were treated with a panel of SFK inhibitors and intoxicated with BoNT serotypes A, B, or E (which are responsible for >95 % of human botulism cases). Subsequently, it was found that bosutinib, dasatinib, KX2-391, PP1, PP2, Src inhibitor-1, and SU6656 significantly antagonized all three of the serotypes. Furthermore, the data indicated that the treatment of hES-derived motor neurons with multiple SFK inhibitors increased the antagonistic effect synergistically. Mechanistically, the small molecules appear to inhibit BoNTs by targeting host pathways necessary for intoxication and not by directly inhibiting the toxins' proteolytic activity. Importantly, the identified inhibitors are all well-studied with some in clinical trials while others are FDA-approved drugs. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of targeting host neuronal pathways, rather than the toxin's enzymatic components, to antagonize multiple BoNT serotypes in motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Kiris
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - James C. Burnett
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Computational Drug Development Group (CDDG), NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- CDDG, Developmental Therapeutics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Nuss
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Laura M. Wanner
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Brian D. Peyser
- CDDG, Developmental Therapeutics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hao T. Du
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Glenn Y. Gomba
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Krishna P. Kota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Rekha G. Panchal
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Rick Gussio
- CDDG, Developmental Therapeutics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Christopher D. Kane
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute (BHSAI), Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC), Frederick, MD 2170, USA
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sina Bavari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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31
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Gonzalez-Zuñiga M, Contreras PS, Estrada LD, Chamorro D, Villagra A, Zanlungo S, Seto E, Alvarez AR. c-Abl stabilizes HDAC2 levels by tyrosine phosphorylation repressing neuronal gene expression in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell 2014; 56:163-73. [PMID: 25219501 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a decrease in neuronal gene expression induced by HDAC2 increase; however, the mechanisms involved are not fully elucidated. Here, we described how the tyrosine kinase c-Abl increases HDAC2 levels, inducing transcriptional repression of synaptic genes. Our data demonstrate that (1) in neurons, c-Abl inhibition with Imatinib prevents the AβO-induced increase in HDAC2 levels; (2) c-Abl knockdown cells show a decrease in HDAC2 levels, while c-Abl overexpression increases them; (3) c-Abl inhibition reduces HDAC2-dependent repression activity and HDAC2 recruitment to the promoter of several synaptic genes, increasing their expression; (4) c-Abl induces tyrosine phosphorylation of HDAC2, a posttranslational modification, affecting both its stability and repression activity; and (5) treatment with Imatinib decreases HDAC2 levels in a transgenic mice model of AD. Our results support the participation of the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway in the epigenetic blockade of gene expression in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gonzalez-Zuñiga
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile; Biological and Chemistry Sciences Department, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Pablo S Contreras
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile; Department of Gastroenterology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Lisbell D Estrada
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile; Biological and Chemistry Sciences Department, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - David Chamorro
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile
| | - Edward Seto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alejandra R Alvarez
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331010, Chile.
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32
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Jennekens FGI. A short history of the notion of neurodegenerative disease. JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE NEUROSCIENCES 2014; 23:85-94. [PMID: 24512132 DOI: 10.1080/0964704x.2013.809297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The notion of heredity of degenerative constitutions of human beings contributed in the nineteenth century to the fear for deterioration of the human race and in the twentieth century to attempts by several Western Countries, particularly Germany, to improve the inborn qualities of their populations by eugenic measures. In the years following World War II, the term eugenics was eradicated from medicine. The qualification degenerative disappeared from genetics and psychiatry but remained in use to denote decay of tissues and cells. The adjective neurodegenerative came in vogue in neurology and was mostly applied to brain diseases. Definitions in the literature indicate that neurodegenerative diseases are considered as to be age related, incurable, and largely untreatable chronic progressive diseases of the central nervous system. Scrutiny of available data shows that the notion concerns an ill-defined group of genetic and idiopathic disorders. Genetic central nervous system diseases may become manifest at all ages and are accessible for symptomatic treatment. Investigations of animal models suggest that not all neurodegenerative diseases are inherently incurable. Alternatives for the terms neurodegenerative and degenerative are available.
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McGoldrick P, Joyce PI, Fisher EMC, Greensmith L. Rodent models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1832:1421-36. [PMID: 23524377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Recent advances in our understanding of some of the genetic causes of ALS, such as mutations in SOD1, TARDBP, FUS and VCP have led to the generation of rodent models of the disease, as a strategy to help our understanding of the pathophysiology of ALS and to assist in the development of therapeutic strategies. This review provides detailed descriptions of TDP-43, FUS and VCP models of ALS, and summarises potential therapeutics which have been recently trialled in rodent models of the disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Animal Models of Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip McGoldrick
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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34
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Mitsugi H, Niki T, Takahashi-Niki K, Tanimura K, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Tsunemi M, Iguchi-Ariga SMM, Ariga H. Identification of the recognition sequence and target proteins for DJ-1 protease. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2493-9. [PMID: 23831022 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1, the product of familial Parkinson's disease gene and an oncogene, is a cysteine protease which plays a role in anti-oxidative stress reaction. In this study, we identified the recognition sequence for DJ-1 protease by using recombinant DJ-1 and a peptide library. Protease activity of DJ-1 lacking C-terminal α-helix (DJ-1ΔH9) was stronger than that of full-sized DJ-1, and the most susceptible sequence digested by DJ-1ΔH9 was valine-lysine-valine-alanine (VKVA) under the optimal conditions of pH 5.5 and 0 mM NaCl. Divalent ions, especially Cu²⁺, were inhibitory to DJ-1's protease activity. c-abl oncogene 1 product (ABL1) and kinesin family member 1B (KIF1B) containing VKVA were digested by DJ-1ΔH9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Mitsugi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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