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Nastri BM, Chianese A, Giugliano R, Di Clemente L, Capasso C, Monti A, Doti N, Iovane V, Montagnaro S, Pagnini U, Iovane G, Zannella C, De Filippis A, Galdiero M. Oreoch-1: A broad-spectrum virus and host-targeting peptide against animal infections. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3593. [PMID: 38471710 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the global rise of viral emerging infectious diseases has posed a substantial threat to both human and animal health worldwide. The rapid spread and accumulation of mutations into viruses, and the limited availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines, stress the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from natural sources present a promising avenue due to their specificity and effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. The present study focuses on investigating the antiviral potential of oreochromicin-1 (oreoch-1), a fish-derived AMP obtained from Nile tilapia, against a wide panel of animal viruses including canine distemper virus (CDV), Schmallenberg virus (SBV), caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Oreoch-1 exhibited a strong antiviral effect, demonstrating an inhibition of infection at concentrations in the micromolar range. The mechanism of action involves the interference with viral entry into host cells and a direct interaction between oreoch-1 and the viral envelope. In addition, we observed that the peptide could also interact with the cell during the CDV infection. These findings not only highlight the efficacy of oreoch-1 in inhibiting viral infection but also emphasize the potential of fish-derived peptides, specifically oreoch-1, as effective antiviral agents against viral infections affecting animals, whose potential to spill into humans is high. This research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing quest for novel antiviral drugs with the potential to mitigate the impact of infectious diseases on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M Nastri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Giugliano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Di Clemente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Capasso
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Iovane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Pagnini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iovane
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Huang PW, Liou CY, Lee YC, Wei TY, Ho HC, Yang TY, Wang LC. The Evaluation of Teleost-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides Against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Cureus 2024; 16:e57168. [PMID: 38681331 PMCID: PMC11056026 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gonorrhea has become an emerging sexually transmitted infection worldwide. The multi-antibiotic resistance facilitates the transmission; thus, new antibiotics or alternatives are needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are antimicrobials naturally secreted by the host as a defense material. Teleost-derived AMP have gained attention over the past two decades due to their potent efficacy toward microorganisms. This study examines teleost-derived AMP against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), the responsible bacteria for gonorrhea, to evaluate the antibiotic potential as a future alternative for preventing gonorrhea. Methods Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-killed assay were conducted to evaluate the inhibition concentration of each AMP. Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the potential mode of action. The inhibition of microcolony formation and adherence to epithelial cells were examined to assess the infection inhibition. Results Pardaxin-based (flatfish pardaxin {PB2}) and piscidin-based (striped bass piscidin 1 {PIS} and tilapia piscidin {TP} 4) AMP were effective toward GC under or equal to 7.5 μg/mL as of minimal inhibitory concentration. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that these AMP attack bacterial membranes as membrane blebbing and breakage were observed. These AMP also effectively reduced the GC biofilm formation, as well as their adherence to human endocervical epithelial cells. Conclusion Pardaxin-based (PB2) and piscidin-based (PIS and TP4) teleost-derived AMP can inhibit GC and potentially serve as the new antibiotic alternative for preventing GC colonization and infection. This study will shed some light on the future development of teleost-derived AMP in treating gonorrhea and maintaining reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wei Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, TWN
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, TWN
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Kaohsiung, TWN
- Center of General Education, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, TWN
| | - Chung-Yi Liou
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, TWN
| | - Ying-Chen Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, TWN
| | - Tzu-Yu Wei
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, TWN
| | - Han-Chen Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TWN
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TWN
| | - Liang-Chun Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, TWN
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Hsu PH, Hazam PK, Huang YP, Yeh JC, Chen YR, Li CC, Chang CF, Liou JW, Chen JY. Optimization of sequence and chiral content enhances therapeutic potential of tilapia piscidin peptides. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116083. [PMID: 38150960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) often exhibit broad-spectrum bactericidal potency, we sought to develop peptide-based antimicrobials for potential clinical use against drug-resistant pathogens. To accomplish this goal, we first optimized the amino acid sequence of a broad-spectrum AMP known as Tilapia Piscidin 4 (TP4). Then, we used the optimized sequence to create a pair of heterochiral variants (TP4-α and TP4-β) with different percentages of D-enantiomers, as poly-L peptides often exhibit poor pharmacokinetic profiles. The conformations of the peptide pair exhibited inverted chirality according to CD and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Both heterochiral peptides displayed enhanced stability and low hemolysis activities. Irrespective of their different d-enantiomer contents, both heterochiral peptides exhibited bactericidal activities in the presence of human serum or physiological enzymes. However, the peptide with higher d-amino acid content (TP4-β) caused better bacterial clearance when tested in mice infected with NDM-1 K. pneumoniae. In addition, we observed a relatively higher hydrogen bonding affinity in a simulation of the interaction between TP4-β and a model bacterial membrane. In sum, our results demonstrate that the current design strategy may be applicable for development of new molecules with enhanced stability and in vivo antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Prakash Kishore Hazam
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Chao Yeh
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Academia Sinica Protein Clinic, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chin Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fon Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan; The IEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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Hsu PH, Hazam PK, Huang YP, Yeh JC, Chen YR, Li CC, Chang CF, Liou JW, Chen JY. Sequential rearrangement and stereochemical reorganization to design an antimicrobial peptide with enhanced stability. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116088. [PMID: 38159380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural molecules that function within the innate immune system to counteract pathogenic invasion and minimize the detrimental consequences of infection. However, utilizing these molecules for medical applications has been challenging. In this study, we selected a model AMP with poor stability, Tilapia Piscidin 4 (TP4), and modified its sequence and chirality (TP4-γ) to improve its potential for clinical application. The strategy of chirality inversion was inspired by the cereulide peptide, which has a DDLL enantiomer pattern and exhibits exceptional stability. Sequential substitution of key residues and selective chirality inversion yielded a less toxic peptide with enhanced stability and notable antimicrobial activity. In addition to its superior stability profile and antimicrobial activity, TP4-γ treatment reduced the level of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) release in a macrophage cell line. This reduction in NO release may reflect anti-inflammatory properties, as NO is widely known to promote inflammatory processes. Hence, our heterochiral peptide construct shows a more suitable pharmacokinetic profile than its parental compound, and further studies are warranted to develop the molecule for potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Prakash Kishore Hazam
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Chao Yeh
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Academia Sinica Protein Clinic, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chin Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fon Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Rd, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Liu J, Liu G, Cao Y, Du H, Liu T, Liu M, Li P, He Y, Wang G, Yu Q, Wang E. BNC-rSS, a bivalent subunit nanovaccine affords the cross-protection against Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae infection in tilapia. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126670. [PMID: 37660857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcal disease has severely restricted the development of global tilapia industry, which is mainly caused by Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) and Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae). Vaccination has been proved to be a potential strategy to control it. In this study, a multi-epitope subunit vaccine Sip-Srr (SS) was prepared based on the B-cell antigenic epitopes prediction and multiple sequence alignment analysis of Sip and Srr sequences. Furthermore, the BNC-rSS nanocarrier vaccine system was constructed by connecting the rSS protein with modified bacterial nanocellulose (BNCs) and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope, the immersion immune effect against S. agalactiae and S. iniae infection was evaluated. The results showed that compared with the control group, BNC-rSS significantly enhanced serum antibody production, related enzyme activities and immune-related genes expression. It was noteworthy that BNC-rSS vaccine improved immune protection of tilapia, with survival rates of 66.67 % (S. agalactiae) and 60.00 % (S. iniae), respectively, compared with those of rSS vaccine (30 % and 33.33 %, respectively). Our study indicated that the BNC-rSS nanovaccine could elicit robust immune responses in tilapia by immersion immunization, and had the potential to offer cross-protection against S. agalactiae and S. iniae infection in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gaoyang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ye Cao
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Du
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianqiang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan 641000, China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.
| | - Erlong Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Hegde A, Kabra S, Basawa RM, Khile DA, Abbu RUF, Thomas NA, Manickam NB, Raval R. Bacterial diseases in marine fish species: current trends and future prospects in disease management. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:317. [PMID: 37743401 PMCID: PMC10518295 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The fisheries sub-sector of aquaculture-i.e., the pisciculture industry, contributes significantly to a country's economy, employing a sizable proportion of the population. It also makes important contributions to household food security because the current demand for animal protein cannot be fulfilled by harvesting wild fish from riverines, lakes, dams, and oceans. For good pond management techniques and sustaining fish health, the fisherfolk, and the industry require well-established regulatory structures, efficient disease management strategies, and other extended services. In rearing marine fish, infections resulting from disease outbreaks are a weighty concern because they can cause considerable economic loss due to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, to find effective solutions for the prevention and control of the major diseases limiting fish production in aquaculture, multidisciplinary studies on the traits of potential fish pathogens, the biology of the fish as hosts, and an adequate understanding of the global environmental factors are fundamental. This review highlights the various bacterial diseases and their causative pathogens prevalent in the pisciculture industry and the current solutions while emphasising marine fish species. Given that preexisting methods are known to have several disadvantages, other sustainable alternatives like antimicrobial peptides, synthetic peptides, probiotics, and medicinal treatments have emerged to be an enormous potential solution to these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani Hegde
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Suhani Kabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Renuka Manjunath Basawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Dnyanada Anil Khile
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rahil Ummar Faruk Abbu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Naomi Ann Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nava Bharati Manickam
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ritu Raval
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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7
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Palma F, Chianese A, Panico E, Greco G, Fusco A, Savio V, Ruocco E, Monti A, Doti N, Zannella C, Donnarumma G, De Filippis A, Galdiero M. Oreoch-1: A Peptide from Oreochromis niloticus as a Potential Tool against Staphylococci. Pathogens 2023; 12:1188. [PMID: 37887704 PMCID: PMC10610258 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, are important human pathogens associated with potentially life-threatening infections. Their great biofilm-producing ability and the development of resistance mechanisms often account for therapeutic failure. Hence, the scientific community has devoted intensive efforts to the development of antimicrobial compounds active against both planktonic and sessile bacterial populations. Contextually, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural peptides produced by the innate immunity of every organism, representing a potential new therapeutic solution against human microbial pathogens. Our work focused on the in vitro activity of Oreoch-1, an AMP from the gills of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), against standard and clinical S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains. Firstly, the cytotoxicity profile of Oreoch-1 was determined in human colon carcinoma cells. Secondly, its antibacterial spectrum was explored against staphylococcal strains to set up the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Our results highlighted an antibacterial activity in the range 6.25-25 μM, with a general bacteriostatic effect. Therefore, the biofilm-inhibitory property was assessed against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, indicating a significant reduction in S. aureus biomass at sub-MIC concentrations. Overall, our study indicates Oreoch-1 as a promising new therapeutic weapon against staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Palma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Erica Panico
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Greco
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Vittoria Savio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Eleonora Ruocco
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (V.S.); (C.Z.); (G.D.); (A.D.F.)
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.G.)
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Rangel K, Lechuga GC, Provance DW, Morel CM, De Simone SG. An Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides against Acinetobacter baumannii Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1281. [PMID: 37765087 PMCID: PMC10537560 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise in antibiotic-resistant strains of clinically important pathogens is a major threat to global health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the urgent need to develop alternative treatments to address the growing list of priority pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) rank among the suggested options with proven activity and high potential to be developed into effective drugs. Many AMPs are naturally produced by living organisms protecting the host against pathogens as a part of their innate immunity. Mechanisms associated with AMP actions include cell membrane disruption, cell wall weakening, protein synthesis inhibition, and interference in nucleic acid dynamics, inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical pathogen, as severe clinical implications have developed from isolates resistant to current antibiotic treatments and conventional control procedures, such as UV light, disinfectants, and drying. Here, we review the natural AMPs representing primary candidates for new anti-A. baumannii drugs in post-antibiotic-era and present computational tools to develop the next generation of AMPs with greater microbicidal activity and reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne Rangel
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (K.R.); (G.C.L.); (D.W.P.J.); (C.M.M.)
- Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory (LEMS), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Curty Lechuga
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (K.R.); (G.C.L.); (D.W.P.J.); (C.M.M.)
- Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory (LEMS), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - David W. Provance
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (K.R.); (G.C.L.); (D.W.P.J.); (C.M.M.)
- Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory (LEMS), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos M. Morel
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (K.R.); (G.C.L.); (D.W.P.J.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Salvatore G. De Simone
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (K.R.); (G.C.L.); (D.W.P.J.); (C.M.M.)
- Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory (LEMS), Oswaldo Cruz Institut, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Program of Post-Graduation on Science and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 22040-036, RJ, Brazil
- Program of Post-Graduation on Parasitic Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
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9
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Gostaviceanu A, Gavrilaş S, Copolovici L, Copolovici DM. Membrane-Active Peptides and Their Potential Biomedical Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2091. [PMID: 37631305 PMCID: PMC10459175 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-active peptides (MAPs) possess unique properties that make them valuable tools for studying membrane structure and function and promising candidates for therapeutic applications. This review paper provides an overview of the fundamental aspects of MAPs, focusing on their membrane interaction mechanisms and potential applications. MAPs exhibit various structural features, including amphipathic structures and specific amino acid residues, enabling selective interaction with multiple membranes. Their mechanisms of action involve disrupting lipid bilayers through different pathways, depending on peptide properties and membrane composition. The therapeutic potential of MAPs is significant. They have demonstrated antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi, making them promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. MAPs can selectively target cancer cells and induce apoptosis, opening new avenues in cancer therapeutics. Additionally, MAPs serve as drug delivery vectors, facilitating the transport of therapeutic cargoes across cell membranes. They represent a fascinating class of biomolecules with significant potential in basic research and clinical applications. Understanding their mechanisms of action and designing peptides with enhanced selectivity and efficacy will further expand their utility in diverse fields. Exploring MAPs holds promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies against infections, cancer, and drug delivery challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Gostaviceanu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, and Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University, Elena Drăgoi St., No. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania; (A.G.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
- Biomedical Sciences Doctoral School, University of Oradea, University St., No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gavrilaş
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, and Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University, Elena Drăgoi St., No. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania; (A.G.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Lucian Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, and Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University, Elena Drăgoi St., No. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania; (A.G.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Dana Maria Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, and Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University, Elena Drăgoi St., No. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania; (A.G.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
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10
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Wu YX, Hu SY, Lu XJ, Hu JR. Identification and characterization of two novel antimicrobial peptides from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) with antimicrobial activity and MO/MФ activation capability. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104726. [PMID: 37149238 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Piscidins participate in the innate immune response of fish, which aims to eliminate recognized foreign microbes and restore the homeostasis of immune system. We characterized two piscidin-like antimicrobial peptides (LjPL-3 and LjPL-2) isolated from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 showed different expression patterns in tissues. After Vibrio harveyi infection, the mRNA expression of LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 was upregulated in the liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney. The synthetic mature peptides LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 exhibited different antimicrobial spectra. Furthermore, LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 treatments decreased inflammatory cytokine production while promoting chemotaxis and phagocytosis in monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ). LjPL-2, but not LjPL-3, displayed bacterial killing capability in MO/MФ. LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 administration increased Japanese sea bass survival after V. harveyi challenge, which was accompanied by a decline in bacterial burden. These data suggested that LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 participate in immune response through direct bacterial killing and MO/MФ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Wu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China; Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai-Yue Hu
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Lu
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jian-Rao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Yeh JC, Hazam PK, Hsieh CY, Hsu PH, Lin WC, Chen YR, Li CC, Chen JY. Rational Design of Stapled Antimicrobial Peptides to Enhance Stability and In Vivo Potency against Polymicrobial Sepsis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0385322. [PMID: 36877022 PMCID: PMC10101059 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03853-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we sought to develop a TP4-based stapled peptide that can be used to counter polymicrobial sepsis. First, we segregated the TP4 sequence into hydrophobic and cationic/hydrophilic zones and substituted the preferred residue, lysine, as the sole cationic amino acid. These modifications minimized the intensity of cationic or hydrophobic characteristics within small segments. Then, we incorporated single or multiple staples into the peptide chain, bracketing the cationic/hydrophilic segments to improve pharmacological suitability. Using this approach, we were able to develop an AMP with low toxicity and notable in vivo efficacy. IMPORTANCE In our in vitro studies, one dual stapled peptide out of the series of candidates (TP4-3: FIIXKKSXGLFKKKAGAXKKKXIKK) showed significant activity, low toxicity, and high stability (in 50% human serum). When tested in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse models of polymicrobial sepsis, TP4-3 improved survival (87.5% on day 7). Furthermore, TP4-3 enhanced the activity of meropenem against polymicrobial sepsis (100% survival on day 7) compared to meropenem alone (37.5% survival on day 7). Molecules such as TP4-3 may be well suited for a wide variety of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Chao Yeh
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Prakash Kishore Hazam
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Yi Hsieh
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Lin
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Academia Sinica Protein Clinic, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chin Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Hazam PK, Cheng CC, Lin WC, Hsieh CY, Hsu PH, Chen YR, Li CC, Hsueh PR, Chen JY. Strategic modification of low-activity natural antimicrobial peptides confers antibacterial potential in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115131. [PMID: 36669399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show great promise for clinical applications, but the utility of naturally occurring AMPs is often limited by their stability. Here, we used a rational design approach to improve the characteristics of a pair of inactive peptides, tilapia piscidin 1 and 2 (TP1 and TP2). From each starting peptide, we generated a series of novel derivatives by substituting residues to adjust cationic charge density, percent hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity coefficients. This approach yielded a novel peptide, TP2-5 (KKCIAKAILKKAKKLLKKLVNP), that exhibits significant bactericidal potency, low cytotoxicity and high stability. The designed peptide further showed antibiofilm activity, rapid antibacterial action and a low capacity to induce bacterial resistance. Importantly, we also demonstrated that TP2-5 can protect mice in a Vibrio vulnificus-infected wound model. Therefore, our peptide modification strategy successfully generated a novel AMP with high potential for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Kishore Hazam
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Cheng
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Lin
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Yi Hsieh
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Academia Sinica Protein Clinic, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chin Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; PhD Program for Aging, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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13
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Coppola D, Buonocore C, Palisse M, Tedesco P, de Pascale D. Exploring Oceans for Curative Compounds: Potential New Antimicrobial and Anti-Virulence Molecules against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mar Drugs 2022; 21:md21010009. [PMID: 36662182 PMCID: PMC9865402 DOI: 10.3390/md21010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several antibiotics are already widely used against a large number of pathogens, the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds with new mechanisms of action is critical today in order to overcome the spreading of antimicrobial resistance among pathogen bacteria. In this regard, marine organisms represent a potential source of a wide diversity of unique secondary metabolites produced as an adaptation strategy to survive in competitive and hostile environments. Among the multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is undoubtedly one of the most important species due to its high intrinsic resistance to different classes of antibiotics on the market and its ability to cause serious therapeutic problems. In the present review, we first discuss the general mechanisms involved in the antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa. Subsequently, we list the marine molecules identified up until now showing activity against P. aeruginosa, dividing them according to whether they act as antimicrobial or anti-virulence compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Coppola
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Carmine Buonocore
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Morgan Palisse
- Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Caen Normandie, Boulevard Maréchal Juin CS, CEDEX, 14032 Caen, France
| | - Pietro Tedesco
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
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14
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Chen J, Huang Y, Wang B, Lu Y, Jian J, Tang J, Cai J. Characterization of S100A12 from nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its roles on inflammatory responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:401-407. [PMID: 36243273 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
S100A12 is a member of S100 proteins family that induces pro-inflammatory response via ligating with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and subsequent activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways. But information about fish S100A12 remain largely unclear. In this study, the S100A12 homolog (On-S100A12) was identified from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). On-S100A12 was mainly expressed in liver and intestine. After Streptococcus agalactiae infection in vivo, S100A12 significantly increased in brain, intestine, liver and head kidney, suggesting S100A12 might played roles in immune response. The further in vitro experiments found that recombinant protein of S100A12 (rOn-S100A12) upregulated the expression of IL1-β, TLR2, TNF-α and inhibited the expression of IL-10, indicating On-S100A12 promoted inflammatory response and activation of M1 macrophages. The present data lay a foundation to further explore the roles of fish S100 during immune defense and will also be beneficial for better understanding of fish immune-regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxi Chen
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), 524002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Natural Products and Combinational Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Centre, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
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15
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Naiel MAE, Abd El-Hack ME, Patra AK. The Role of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in Aquaculture Farming. ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVES IN POULTRY AND FISH FEED 2022:215-234. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815049015122010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the vital constituents that stimulate the
innate immune defense system against pathogens and perform several biological
activities, which provide the first defensive line against infectious diseases. Owing to
their unique structure, they can be utilized as a therapeutic strategy for infectious
diseases in fishes. Several kinds of AMPs are reported in fishes with broad-spectrum
antimicrobial properties. Besides, the bacterial cells cannot develop resistance strains
against these cationic compounds with low molecular weight. Thus, AMPs may be
considered an alternative to antibiotics to prevent or control infectious diseases in
aquaculture. It is essential to provide sufficient knowledge about the mode of action of
AMPs against fish pathogenic agents and their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amlan Kumar Patra
- West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences,Department of Animal Nutrition,Kolkata,India
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16
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Serna-Duque JA, Cuesta A, Sánchez-Ferrer Á, Esteban MÁ. Two duplicated piscidin genes from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) with different roles in vitro and in vivo. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:730-739. [PMID: 35835383 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
From the discovery of pleurocidin in skin mucus of winter flounder, many new related sequences have been found, forming a fish-exclusive family of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) called piscidin. Their mature peptides have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and can be involved in the innate immune response. In the present work, two paralogous tripartite piscidin genes are formally described for the first time in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), an important marine farmed fish. Gene synteny and protein phylogeny clearly indicated a massive pisc gene expansion in a cluster of the chromosome 22 as well as a special evolution of piscidin in gilthead seabream compared to the rest of piscidins studied in other fish species. Despite being highly similar genes, they show totally different expression patterns in tissues and head-kidney leucocytes under both naïve and Vibrio/nodavirus-stimulated conditions. Moreover, these paralogous genes coded very different proteins according to their physicochemical properties. In this way, these piscidin genes have distinct roles not only related to their microbicide activity but also to their immune modulation. In addition, the present study improves the knowledge of duplication of AMP genes and adaptative diversification of teleost immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon A Serna-Duque
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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17
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Liu CW, Hsieh CY, Chen JY. Investigations on the Wound Healing Potential of Tilapia Piscidin (TP)2-5 and TP2-6. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:205. [PMID: 35323503 PMCID: PMC8955782 DOI: 10.3390/md20030205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly orchestrated process involving many cell types, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. This study aimed to evaluate the potential application of synthetic peptides derived from tilapia piscidin (TP)2, TP2-5 and TP2-6 in skin wound healing. The treatment of HaCaT keratinocytes with TP2-5 and TP2-6 did not cause cytotoxicity, but did enhance cell proliferation and migration, which could be attributed to the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. In CCD-966SK fibroblasts, although TP2-5 (31.25 μg/mL) and TP2-6 (125 μg/mL) showed cytotoxic effects, we observed the significant promotion of cell proliferation and migration at low concentrations. In addition, collagen I, collagen III, and keratinocyte growth factor were upregulated by the peptides. We further found that TP2-5 and TP2-6 showed pro-angiogenic properties, including the enhancement of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and the promotion of neovascularization. In a murine model, wounds treated topically with TP2-5 and TP2-6 were reduced by day 2 post-injury and healed significantly faster than untreated wounds. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that both TP2-5 and TP2-6 have multifaceted effects when used as topical agents for accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Road, Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
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18
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Expression of the Antimicrobial Peptide Piscidin 1 and Neuropeptides in Fish Gill and Skin: A Potential Participation in Neuro-Immune Interaction. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020145. [PMID: 35200674 PMCID: PMC8879440 DOI: 10.3390/md20020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are found widespread in nature and possess antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Due to their multifunctional properties, these peptides are a focus of growing body of interest and have been characterized in several fish species. Due to their similarities in amino-acid composition and amphipathic design, it has been suggested that neuropeptides may be directly involved in the innate immune response against pathogen intruders. In this review, we report the molecular characterization of the fish-specific AMP piscidin1, the production of an antibody raised against this peptide and the immunohistochemical identification of this peptide and enkephalins in the neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in the gill of several teleost fish species living in different habitats. In spite of the abundant literature on Piscidin1, the biological role of this peptide in fish visceral organs remains poorly explored, as well as the role of the neuropeptides in neuroimmune interaction in fish. The NECs, by their role as sensors of hypoxia changes in the external environments, in combination with their endocrine nature and secretion of immunomodulatory substances would influence various types of immune cells that contain piscidin, such as mast cells and eosinophils, both showing interaction with the nervous system. The discovery of piscidins in the gill and skin, their diversity and their role in the regulation of immune response will lead to better selection of these immunomodulatory molecules as drug targets to retain antimicrobial barrier function and for aquaculture therapy in the future.
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Tang WH, Wang SH, Wang CF, Mou Y, Lin MG, Hsiao CD, Liao YD. The lipid components of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are essential for the binding and transportation of antimicrobial peptides in human serum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2576. [PMID: 35173253 PMCID: PMC8850444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06640-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been developed for the treatment of bacterial infections, but their applications are limited to topical infections since they are sequestered and inhibited in serum. Here we have discovered that the inhibition of AMPs by human serum was mediated through high-density lipoproteins (HDL) which are known to remove cholesterol from peripheral tissues. The susceptibility of AMPs to HDL varied depending on the degree of hydrophobicity of AMPs and their binding affinities to HDL. The phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, of HDL were essential for AMP-binding. The dynamic binding interactions between AMPs and HDL were mediated through the hydrophobic interactions rather than by ionic strength. Interestingly, some AMPs, such as SMAP29, dissociated from the AMP-HDL complex and translocated to bacteria upon contact, while some AMPs, such as LL37, remained in complex with HDL. These results suggest that HDL binds AMPs and facilitates the translocation of them to the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hung Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Han Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Feng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yun Mou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Min-Guan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chwan-Deng Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - You-Di Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Development of Bactericidal Peptides against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with Enhanced Stability and Low Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042191. [PMID: 35216307 PMCID: PMC8875074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic superbugs are the root cause of untreatable complex infections with limited or no treatment options. These infections are becoming more common as clinical antibiotics have lost their effectiveness over time. Therefore, the development of novel antibacterial agents is urgently needed to counter these microbes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a viable treatment option due to their bactericidal potency against multiple microbial classes. AMPs are naturally selected physiological microbicidal agents that are found in all forms of organisms. In the present study, we developed two tilapia piscidin 2 (TP2)-based AMPs for antimicrobial application. Unlike the parent peptide, the redesigned peptides showed significant antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial species. These peptides also showed minimal cytotoxicity. In addition, they were significantly active in the presence of physiological salts, 50% human serum and elevated temperature. The designed peptides also showed synergistic activity when combined with clinical antibiotics. The current approach demonstrates a fruitful strategy for developing potential AMPs for antimicrobial application. Such AMPs have potential for progression to further trials and drug development investigations.
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21
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de Souza GS, de Jesus Sonego L, Santos Mundim AC, de Miranda Moraes J, Sales-Campos H, Lorenzón EN. Antimicrobial-wound healing peptides: Dual-function molecules for the treatment of skin injuries. Peptides 2022; 148:170707. [PMID: 34896165 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds caused by microbial infections extend the necessity for hospital care and constitute a public health problem and a great financial burden. Classic therapies include a wide range of approaches, from wound debridement to vascular surgery. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a preserved trait of the innate immune response among different animal species, with known effects on the immune system and microorganisms. Thus, AMPs may represent promising candidates for the treatment of chronic wounds with dual functionality in two of the main agents that lead to this condition, proliferation of microorganisms and uncontrolled inflammation. Here, our goal is to critically review AMPs with wound healing properties. We strongly believe that these dual-function peptides alone, or in combination with other wound healing strategies, constitute an underexplored field that researchers can take advantage of.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Helioswilton Sales-Campos
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
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22
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Development of Disease-Resistance-Associated Microsatellite DNA Markers for Selective Breeding of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Farmed in Taiwan. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010099. [PMID: 35052439 PMCID: PMC8774982 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous means to improve the tilapia aquaculture industry, and one is to develop disease resistance through selective breeding using molecular markers. In this study, 11 disease-resistance-associated microsatellite markers including 3 markers linked to hamp2, 4 linked to hamp1, 1 linked to pgrn2, 2 linked to pgrn1, and 1 linked to piscidin 4 (TP4) genes were established for tilapia strains farmed in Taiwan after challenge with Streptococcus inae. The correlation analysis of genotypes and survival revealed a total of 55 genotypes related to survival by the chi-square and Z-test. Although fewer markers were found in B and N2 strains compared with A strain, they performed well in terms of disease resistance. It suggested that this may be due to the low potency of some genotypes and the combinatorial arrangement between them. Therefore, a predictive model was built by the genotypes of the parental generation and the mortality rate of different combinations was calculated. The results show the same trend of predicted mortality in the offspring of three new disease-resistant strains as in the challenge experiment. The present findings is a nonkilling method without requiring the selection by challenge with bacteria or viruses and might increase the possibility of utilization of selective breeding using SSR markers in farms.
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24
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Duan Y, Ouyang J, Mo G, Hao W, Zhang P, Yang H, Liu X, Wang R, Cao B, Wang Y, Yu H. Defensing role of novel piscidins from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with evidence of bactericidal activities and inducible expressional delineation. Microbiol Res 2021; 256:126953. [PMID: 34972023 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Micropterus salmoides is an economical important species of freshwater-cultured fish, the in-depth knowledge of its immune system is in urgent development to cope with serious infectious diseases. Piscidin is an important antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family existing in almost all teleosts. However, no piscidin has been reported in largemouth bass. In this study, three novel piscidins (MSPiscidin-1, -2, and -3) were firstly identified and characterized from the largemouth bass. The predicted mature peptides of MSPiscidin-1, -2, and -3 (consists of 24, 27, 25 amino acid residues, respectively) all adopted an amphipathic α-helical conformation representative of cationic AMPs that are important for membrane permeabilization and antibacterial activity. MSPiscidin-2 and -3 indeed displayed strong, broad-spectrum, and highly efficient antimicrobial activities in vitro against aquatic pathogens, but MSPiscidin-1 didn't show direct antimicrobial activity. MSPiscidin-2 and -3 killed bacteria mainly by inducing membrane permeabilization, in addition, they also can interact with bacterial genomic DNA, which might influence the DNA replication and transcription. Besides, MSPiscidin-2 and -3 could effectively inhibit the formation of the bacterial biofilm and eliminate the preformed biofilms. In vivo, MSPiscidin-1-3 genes showed an inducible expression pattern in the tested tissues upon Vibrio harveyi infection, which further indicated the key roles of piscidins in innate immunity in largemouth bass. Overall, this study will supplement the understanding of M. salmoides innate immune system and provide candidates for the design of novel peptide antibacterial agents used in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Duan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jianhong Ouyang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guoxiang Mo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Weijing Hao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Huaixin Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Runying Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Haining Yu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
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Rational design and synthesis of Oreoch-2 analogues as efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105583. [PMID: 34971943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, bacterial resistance has risen sharply, which seriously endangers public health due to the abuse of antibiotics and the lack of new antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. In this paper, six Oreoch-2 analogues were rationally designed and efficiently synthesized by using the truncation strategy with Oreoch-2 as the lead compound. Evaluation of these analogues against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including MDR strains was performed. Among them, ZN-5 and ZN-6 were identified to be broad-spectrum effective analogues, which were superior to their parent peptide Oreoch-2. In addition, ZN-5 and ZN-6 had good stability to the physiological environment, and much higher selectivity to bacterial cells than to mammalian cells. Time-kill kinetics and transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies suggested that these analogues were typical bactericidal agents and quickly eliminated bacteria in a bactericidal mode by disrupting bacterial cell membrane. Moreover, ZN-5 and ZN-6 could inhibit biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923. Compared with their parent peptide Oreoch-2, ZN-5 and ZN-6 not only possessed shortened peptide chains, but also showed slightly improved antibacterial activity and greatly reduced hemolysis. This indicates that they are ideal lead compounds of antimicrobial peptides, which can be developed as substitutes for traditional antibiotics.
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26
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Liu CW, Su BC, Chen JY. Tilapia Piscidin 4 (TP4) Reprograms M1 Macrophages to M2 Phenotypes in Cell Models of Gardnerella vaginalis-Induced Vaginosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:773013. [PMID: 34925343 PMCID: PMC8674419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.773013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gardnerella vaginalis is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). The virulence factors produced by G. vaginalis are known to stimulate vaginal mucosal immune response, which is largely driven by activated macrophages. While Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4), an antimicrobial peptide isolated from Nile tilapia, is known to display a broad range of antibacterial functions, it is unclear whether TP4 can affect macrophage polarization in the context of BV. In this study, we used the culture supernatants from G. vaginalis to stimulate differentiation of THP-1 and RAW264.7 cells to an M1 phenotype. The treatment activated the NF-κB/STAT1 signaling pathway, induced reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, and upregulated inflammatory mediators. We then treated the induced M1 macrophages directly with a non-toxic dose of TP4 or co-cultured the M1 macrophages with TP4-treated vaginal epithelial VK2 cells. The results showed that TP4 could not only decrease pro-inflammatory mediators in the M1 macrophages, but it also enriched markers of M2 macrophages. Further, we found that direct treatment with TP4 switched M1 macrophages toward a resolving M2c phenotype via the MAPK/ERK pathway and IL-10-STAT3 signaling. Conversely, tissue repair M2a macrophages were induced by TP4-treated VK2 cells; TP4 upregulated TSG-6 in VK2 cells, which subsequently activated STAT6 and M2a-related gene expression in the macrophages. In conclusion, our results imply that TP4 may be able to attenuate the virulence of G. vaginalis by inducing resolving M2c and tissue repair M2a macrophage polarizations, suggesting a novel strategy for BV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Liu
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, The Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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27
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Marine Transcriptomics Analysis for the Identification of New Antimicrobial Peptides. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090490. [PMID: 34564152 PMCID: PMC8468504 DOI: 10.3390/md19090490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) participate in the immune system to avoid infection, are present in all living organisms and can be used as drugs. Fish express numerous AMP families including defensins, cathelicidins, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs), histone-derived peptides, and piscidins (a fish-specific AMP family). The present study demonstrates for the first time the occurrence of several AMPs in lionfish (Pterois volitans). Using the lionfish transcriptome, we identified four transcript sequences encoding cysteine-rich AMPs and two new transcripts encoding piscidin-like peptides. These AMPs are described for the first time in a species of the Scorpaenidae family. A functional approach on new pteroicidins was carried out to determine antimicrobial sequences and potential uses, with a view to using some of these AMPs for human health or in aquaculture.
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28
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Fasina YO, Obanla T, Dosu G, Muzquiz S. Significance of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides on the Health of Food Animals. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:585266. [PMID: 34262957 PMCID: PMC8273337 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.585266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to in-feed antibiotic growth promoters continues to be an imperative problem in the livestock industries, thereby necessitating continuous pursuit for alternatives. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a critical part of the host's innate immune system and have been documented to have immunomodulatory activity. Increasing research evidence suggests that in contrast to antibiotics, AMPs exert broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in a manner that reduces bacterial acquisition of resistance genes. This review summarizes current knowledge on the protective effects of endogenous (natural) AMPs in the gastrointestinal tract of food animals. Factors limiting the efficacy of these AMPs were also discussed and mitigating strategies were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewande O Fasina
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Temitayo Obanla
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - George Dosu
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Sierra Muzquiz
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
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29
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Scale-up production of and dietary supplementation with the recombinant antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 4 to improve growth performance in Gallus gallus domesticus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253661. [PMID: 34166442 PMCID: PMC8224963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short and positively charged peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. AMPs have been investigated as potential antibiotic alternatives to improve growth performance and prevent pathogen infection in the poultry industry. The antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) was derived from Oreochromis niloticus, possesses antimicrobial activities and immunomodulatory properties, promotes intestinal health, and protects against pathogen infection. The codon-optimized sequence of TP4 was introduced into the pPICZαA vector and transformed into Pichia pastoris. Large-scale expression was induced following culture with methanol in a 500-liter fermenter. Freeze drying of fermented rTP4 broth and then rTP4 evaluation as a feed additive for Gallus gallus domesticus were performed. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of recombinant TP4 (rTP4) against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens was evaluated. Evaluation of the effect of temperature on the antimicrobial activity of rTP4 showed its high stability at high temperatures. rTP4 significantly enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells, indicating that rTP4 has a remarkable ability to stimulate macrophages. rTP4 was used as a dietary supplement at 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0 and 12% in G. g. domesticus for five weeks, and growth performance, gut microbiota composition, and histology were assessed. The 3.0% rTP4 supplement group showed a significant increase in weight gain ratio and feed efficiency compared to those of the basal broiler diet group. Crude rTP4 was expressed by yeast to significantly promote growth efficiency and resistance against pathogens in G. g. domesticus, which could indicate its use as a suitable alternative to antibiotics as feed additives in the poultry industry.
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Comert F, Heinrich F, Chowdhury A, Schoeneck M, Darling C, Anderson KW, Libardo MDJ, Angeles-Boza AM, Silin V, Cotten ML, Mihailescu M. Copper-binding anticancer peptides from the piscidin family: an expanded mechanism that encompasses physical and chemical bilayer disruption. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12620. [PMID: 34135370 PMCID: PMC8208971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for novel broad-spectrum therapeutics to fight chronic infections, inflammation, and cancer, host defense peptides (HDPs) have garnered increasing interest. Characterizing their biologically-active conformations and minimum motifs for function represents a requisite step to developing them into efficacious and safe therapeutics. Here, we demonstrate that metallating HDPs with Cu2+ is an effective chemical strategy to improve their cytotoxicity on cancer cells. Mechanistically, we find that prepared as Cu2+-complexes, the peptides not only physically but also chemically damage lipid membranes. Our testing ground features piscidins 1 and 3 (P1/3), two amphipathic, histidine-rich, membrane-interacting, and cell-penetrating HDPs that are α-helical bound to membranes. To investigate their membrane location, permeabilization effects, and lipid-oxidation capability, we employ neutron reflectometry, impedance spectroscopy, neutron diffraction, and UV spectroscopy. While P1-apo is more potent than P3-apo, metallation boosts their cytotoxicities by up to two- and seven-fold, respectively. Remarkably, P3-Cu2+ is particularly effective at inserting in bilayers, causing water crevices in the hydrocarbon region and placing Cu2+ near the double bonds of the acyl chains, as needed to oxidize them. This study points at a new paradigm where complexing HDPs with Cu2+ to expand their mechanistic reach could be explored to design more potent peptide-based anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Comert
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Ananda Chowdhury
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mason Schoeneck
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA
| | - Caitlin Darling
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Kyle W Anderson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - M Daben J Libardo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Vitalii Silin
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Myriam L Cotten
- Department of Applied Science, William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23185, USA.
| | - Mihaela Mihailescu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Lima Júnior EM, de Moraes Filho MO, Costa BA, Fechine FV, Vale ML, Diógenes AKDL, Neves KRT, Uchôa AMDN, Soares MFADN, de Moraes MEA. Nile Tilapia Fish Skin-Based Wound Dressing Improves Pain and Treatment-Related Costs of Superficial Partial-Thickness Burns: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 147:1189-1198. [PMID: 33890902 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a phase II study comparing Nile tilapia fish skin to silver sulfadiazine cream for outpatient management of superficial partial-thickness burns, the fish skin decreased reepithelialization time (average reduction, 1.43 days), dressing changes (average reduction, 3.72 dressings), and visual analogue scale pain scores. The present study aimed to further evaluate Nile tilapia fish skin efficacy for superficial partial-thickness burns. Unlike silver sulfadiazine cream, the fish skin has good adherence to the wound bed, which may prevent infections and decrease need for dressing changes. Thus, it could be a low-cost alternative to hasten healing and improve pain of burn patients. METHODS A phase III randomized controlled trial was conducted from April of 2017 to October of 2018 in Fortaleza, Brazil, and included 115 outpatients aged 18 to 70 years with superficial partial-thickness burns affecting 15 percent or less of body surface area and no previous treatment. Fifty-seven patients were treated with the glycerolized fish skin and 58 with silver sulfadiazine cream 1%. Primary outcomes were reepithelialization time, number of dressings, treatment-related costs, and pain intensity, assessed by means of visual analogue scale, Electronic von Frey, Burns Specific Pain Anxiety Scale, and analgesic use. Patients were evaluated every 48 hours. RESULTS Patients treated with fish skin required fewer days for reepithelialization (9.7 ± 0.6 days versus 10.2 ± 0.9 days; p = 0.001) and fewer dressings (1.6 ± 0.7 versus 4.9 ± 0.5; p < 0.001). They also had decreased analgesic needs and visual analogue scale, Burns Specific Pain Anxiety Scale, and Electronic von Frey measurements. Finally, fish skin use reduced the final average treatment-related cost per patient by 42.1 percent. CONCLUSION By hastening reepithelialization, improving burn-related pain, and decreasing treatment-related costs, Nile tilapia fish skin could benefit the resource-poor public health systems of developing countries. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmar Maciel Lima Júnior
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Bruno Almeida Costa
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Mariana Lima Vale
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Ana Kely de Loyola Diógenes
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Kelly Rose Tavares Neves
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | - Alex Marques do Nascimento Uchôa
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
| | | | - Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes
- From the Burn Treatment Center, Dr. José Frota Institute; and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará
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Identification of potential therapeutic antimicrobial peptides against Acinetobacter baumannii in a mouse model of pneumonia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7318. [PMID: 33795739 PMCID: PMC8016998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii-induced nosocomial pneumonia has become a serious clinical problem because of high antibiotic resistance rates. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are an ideal alternative strategy due to their broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity and low incidence of bacterial resistance. However, their application is limited by toxicity and stability in vivo. The present study used a mouse model to directly identify potential AMPs effective for treatment of A. baumannii-induced pneumonia. Fifty-eight AMPs were screened and two identified (SMAP-29 and TP4) to have prophylactic effects which prevented the death of mice with pneumonia. Furthermore, two TP4 derivatives (dN4 and dC4) were found to have therapeutic activity in pneumonia mouse models by peritoneal or intravenous administration. Both dN4 and dC4 also inhibited and/or eliminated A. baumannii biofilms at higher doses. Taken together, these data suggest the AMP derivatives dN4 and dC4 represent a potential treatment strategy for A. baumannii-induced pneumonia.
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Su BC, Hung GY, Tu YC, Yeh WC, Lin MC, Chen JY. Marine Antimicrobial Peptide TP4 Exerts Anticancer Effects on Human Synovial Sarcoma Cells via Calcium Overload, Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020093. [PMID: 33562681 PMCID: PMC7915578 DOI: 10.3390/md19020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma is a rare but aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma associated with translocation t(X;18). Metastasis occurs in approximately 50% of all patients, and curative outcomes are difficult to achieve in this group. Since the efficacies of current therapeutic approaches for metastatic synovial sarcoma remain limited, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed. Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4), a marine antimicrobial peptide, is known to exhibit multiple biological functions, including anti-bacterial, wound-healing, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. In the present study, we assessed the anticancer activity of TP4 in human synovial sarcoma cells and determined the underlying mechanisms. We first demonstrated that TP4 can induce necrotic cell death in human synovial sarcoma AsKa-SS and SW982 cells lines. In addition, we saw that TP4 initiates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and downregulates antioxidant proteins, such as uncoupling protein-2, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, and SOD-2. Moreover, TP4-induced mitochondrial hyperpolarization is followed by elevation of mitochondrial ROS. Calcium overload is also triggered by TP4, and cell death can be attenuated by a necrosis inhibitor, ROS scavenger or calcium chelator. In our experiments, TP4 displayed strong anticancer activity in human synovial sarcoma cells by disrupting oxidative status, promoting mitochondrial hyperpolarization and causing calcium overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chieh Tu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-C.T.); (W.-C.Y.)
| | - Wei-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-C.T.); (W.-C.Y.)
| | - Meng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-920-802-111
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Portelinha J, Duay SS, Yu SI, Heilemann K, Libardo MDJ, Juliano SA, Klassen JL, Angeles-Boza AM. Antimicrobial Peptides and Copper(II) Ions: Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2648-2712. [PMID: 33524257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new pathogens and multidrug resistant bacteria is an important public health issue that requires the development of novel classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising platform with great potential for the identification of new lead compounds that can combat the aforementioned pathogens due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and relatively low rate of resistance emergence. AMPs of multicellular organisms made their debut four decades ago thanks to ingenious researchers who asked simple questions about the resistance to bacterial infections of insects. Questions such as "Do fruit flies ever get sick?", combined with pioneering studies, have led to an understanding of AMPs as universal weapons of the immune system. This review focuses on a subclass of AMPs that feature a metal binding motif known as the amino terminal copper and nickel (ATCUN) motif. One of the metal-based strategies of hosts facing a pathogen, it includes wielding the inherent toxicity of copper and deliberately trafficking this metal ion into sites of infection. The sudden increase in the concentration of copper ions in the presence of ATCUN-containing AMPs (ATCUN-AMPs) likely results in a synergistic interaction. Herein, we examine common structural features in ATCUN-AMPs that exist across species, and we highlight unique features that deserve additional attention. We also present the current state of knowledge about the molecular mechanisms behind their antimicrobial activity and the methods available to study this promising class of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Portelinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Searle S Duay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Chemistry Department, Adamson University, 900 San Marcelino Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Seung I Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Kara Heilemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - M Daben J Libardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jonathan L Klassen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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Tang WH, Wang CF, Liao YD. Fetal bovine serum albumin inhibits antimicrobial peptide activity and binds drug only in complex with α1-antitrypsin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1267. [PMID: 33446738 PMCID: PMC7809101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been developed for the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microbes, but their applications are primarily limited to topical infections because in circulation they are bound and inhibited by serum proteins. Here we have found that some AMPs, such as TP4 from fish tilapia, and drugs, such as antipyretic ibuprofen, were bound by bovine serum albumin only in complex with α1-antitrypsin which is linked by disulfide bond. They existed in dimeric complex (2 albumin -2 α1-antitrypsin) in the bovine serum only at fetal stage, but not after birth. The hydrophobic residues of TP4 were responsible for its binding to the complex. Since bovine serum is a major supplement in most cell culture media, therefore the existence and depletion of active albumin/α1-antitrypsin complex are very important for the assay and production of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hung Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Feng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - You-Di Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Ibrahim A, Soliman M, Kotb S, Ali MM. Evaluation of fish skin as a biological dressing for metacarpal wounds in donkeys. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:472. [PMID: 33272259 PMCID: PMC7713020 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of biological dressings has recently emerged in the management of burns and wounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Nile tilapia skin as a biological dressing for full-thickness cutaneous metacarpal wounds in donkeys. The study was conducted on nine clinically healthy donkeys (n = 9). Here, fish skin dressings were obtained from fresh Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus and sterilized by immersion in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) solution for 5 min, with no change in collagen content. Bilateral, circular full-thickness excisional skin wounds (2 cm in diameter) were created on the dorsal aspect of the mid-metacarpals of each donkey. Wounds on the right metacarpals (treated wounds, n = 9) were dressed with sterile fish skins, while wounds on the left metacarpals (control wounds, n = 9) were dressed with sterile non-adherent dressing pads without any topical applications. Wound dressings were changed weekly. Wounds were evaluated microbiologically, grossly, and histologically on days 7, 14, and 21 post-wound inductions. Results Fish skin-dressed wounds showed a significant (P < 0.0001) reduction in microbial counts (Total viable bacterial count, Staphylococcal count, and Coliform count), a significant (P < 0.0001) decrease in the wound size, and a significant reduction (P < 0.0001) in the epithelial gap compared to the untreated wounds. No frequent dressing changes were needed. Conclusions Fish skin dressing accelerated the wound healing process and efficiently inhibited the local microbial activity and exuberant granulation tissue formation suggesting its reliable and promising application for metacarpal wounds of donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Soliman
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Saber Kotb
- Department of Animal and Poultry Hygiene, and Environmental Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Magda M Ali
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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Zheng LB, Hong YQ, Sun KH, Wang J, Hong YJ. Characteristics delineation of piscidin 5 like from Larimichthys crocea with evidence for the potent antiparasitic activity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103778. [PMID: 32710907 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several researches reported that piscidin members of teleosts owned strong antiparasitic activity. Cryptocaryon irritans, a type of ectoparasite, could infect most of the marine teleosts. Larimichthys crocea could severely suffer from marine white spot disease caused by C. irritans, and their mortality rate was significantly high. Concentrating on this problem, we have done many related works. Piscidin 5 like (termed Lc-P5L) was another piscidin member isolated from a comparative transcriptome of C. irritans-immuned L. crocea. In the paper, quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed Lc-P5L was upregulated in examined tissues, including gill, head kidney, muscle, liver, spleen and intestine after challenged by C. irritans, the significant upregulation time was in accordance to key developmental stages of C. irritans, which implied different infection stages could result in host immune response. Furthermore, using microscope techniques, we observed theronts or trophonts became weakly motile, cilia became detached, cells were out of shape, membranes eventually lysed in different cell positions and cytoplasmic contents leaked. Laser confocal scanning microscope (LCSM) observed theronts macronucleus grew swell and depolymerized after treated by recombinant Lc-P5L (rLc-P5L). Data suggested rLc-P5L was significantly lethal to C. irritans, and the death state of the parasite incubated with rLc-P5L was remarkably similar to other piscidin members or other antiparasitic peptides (APPs). Thus, these data provided new insights into L. crocea immunity against C. irritans and potential of rLc-P5L as a therapeutic agent against pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bing Zheng
- Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development CO., LTD, Jieyang, 515500, China.
| | - Yue-Qun Hong
- Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development CO., LTD, Jieyang, 515500, China
| | - Kai-Hui Sun
- Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development CO., LTD, Jieyang, 515500, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development CO., LTD, Jieyang, 515500, China.
| | - Yu-Jian Hong
- Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development CO., LTD, Jieyang, 515500, China.
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Zheng L, Qiu J, Liu H, Shi H, Chi C, Pan Y. Molecular characterization and antiparasitic activity analysis of a novel piscidin 5-like type 4 from Larimichthys crocea. Mol Immunol 2020; 129:12-20. [PMID: 33254075 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cryptocaryon irritans is an obligate parasitic ciliate protozoan that can infect various commercially important mariculture teleosts and cause high lethality and economic loss, especially Larimichthys crocea. Current methods of controlling or preventing this parasite with chemicals or antibiotics are widely considered to be environmentally harmful. The antiparasitic activity of some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) attracted extensive attention of scholars. In the study, a novel piscidin 5-like type 4 (termed Lc-P5L4) excavated from comparative transcriptome of C. irritans - immuned L. crocea was identified and characterized. Sequence analysis shows the full-length cDNA of Lc-P5L4 is 539 bp containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 198 bp which encodes a peptide of 65 amino acid residues. The genome consists of three exons and two introns which exist in its ORF, and all the exon-intron boundaries are in accordance with classical GT-AG rule (GT/intron/AG). Multiple alignments indicate the signal peptides share highly conserved identity, while mature peptides are more diverse. Phylogenetic analysis displays Lc-P5L4 clusters together with other members of piscidin 5-like family. Next, quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) detection found C. irritans infection could upregulate Lc-P5L4 expression level in all tested tissues significantly, it appeared earliest upregulation in the theronts infection stage in the head kidney; the expression contents reached to maximum level in the intestine, gill and muscle during trophonts falling off stage; while it was just upregulated during secondary bacterial infection stage in the liver and spleen. The data showed Lc-P5L4 upregulation time points were in accordance with different infection stages. With recombinant Lc-P5L4 (rLc-P5L4) obtained through Escherichia coli system, in vitro assay showed rLc-P5L4 could cause cilia deactivation, cell bodiesclumping and sticking to each other, then cell membrane rupture and contents leakage. The data illustrated Lc-P5L4 played critical roles in the immune defense against C. irritans infection, and provided another proof that piscidins exhibit multiple anti- C. irritans features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Zheng
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316022, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayin Qiu
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316022, Zhoushan, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316022, Zhoushan, China
| | - Huilai Shi
- Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang, 316022, Zhoushan, China.
| | - Changfeng Chi
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316022, Zhoushan, China.
| | - Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Fujian Fuding Seagull Fishing Food Co., Ltd, 352103, Fujian, China
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Oh HY, Go HJ, Park NG. Identification and characterization of SaRpAMP, a 60S ribosomal protein L27-derived antimicrobial peptide from amur catfish, Silurus asotus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:480-490. [PMID: 32711152 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic freshwater fish like catfish, Silurus asotus, lives in microbe-rich environments, which enable this fish to develop necessary defense mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides, along with other innate immune factors, are regarded as an important group in this defense. An antimicrobial peptide, which was isolated from the skin of S. asotus, was identified as a C-terminal fragment of 60S ribosomal protein L27 from S. asotus. The peptide was, then, designated Silurus asotus 60S ribosomal protein L27-derived antimicrobial peptide, SaRpAMP. Primary structure analyses and cDNA cloning revealed that SaRpAMP was 4185.36 Da and composed of 33 amino acids (AAs). Its precursor had a total of 136 AAs containing a pro-sequence of 103 AAs encoded by the nucleotide sequence of 512 bp that comprises a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 32 bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 411 bp, and a 3' UTR of 69 bp. Secondary structure analyses showed that SaRpAMP had two α-helices with turns and coils and an amphiphilic structure, a finding consistent with the 3D model of the peptide. SaRpAMP exhibited potent antibacterial activity comparable to piscidin 1, a powerful positive control. Its antimicrobial activity against fungus C. albicans was relatively weak. The antimicrobial activity of SaRpAMP was not diminished by heat treatment and changes in pH but was abolished by proteolytic enzyme digestion. Membrane permeability assays suggested that SaRpAMP interacts with both the outer and inner bacterial membranes. This was consistent with the results of lipid titration and quenching of Trp fluorescence that demonstrated SaRpAMP's interaction with acidic liposomes. Collectively, these findings suggest that the identified peptide, SaRpAMP, was the first antimicrobial peptide reported to be derived from the C-terminal region of 60S ribosomal protein L27. The findings also suggest that the action mechanism of SaRpAMP involved the interaction of the peptide with the bacterial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Oh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Go
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Nam Gyu Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea.
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Mahrous KF, Aboelenin MM, Abd El-Kader HAM, Mabrouk DM, Gaafar AY, Younes AM, Mahmoud MA, Khalil WKB, Hassanane MS. Piscidin 4: Genetic expression and comparative immunolocalization in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following challenge using different local bacterial strains. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 112:103777. [PMID: 32634526 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) was determined in vitro against four bacterial strains, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio anguillarum. Nile tilapia were infected with low and high doses of the tested pathogens; after 3, 6, 24 h and 7 days of the specific TP4 gene expression, tissue immunolocalization was also performed. Histopathological examination revealed septicaemia and necrosis of hemopoietic tissue for all of the tested bacteria. Immunolocalization showed abundance in S. iniae-infected fish tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that high doses raised mRNA expression levels compared to low doses and expression levels increased in the infected fish, particularly after 24 h, indicating that TP4 exerts potent bactericidal activity against some fish pathogens and plays an essential role in fish immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima F Mahrous
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamad M Aboelenin
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Heba A M Abd El-Kader
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Dalia M Mabrouk
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Alkhateib Y Gaafar
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Abdelgayed M Younes
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy K B Khalil
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Hassanane
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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González García M, Rodríguez A, Alba A, Vázquez AA, Morales Vicente FE, Pérez-Erviti J, Spellerberg B, Stenger S, Grieshober M, Conzelmann C, Münch J, Raber H, Kubiczek D, Rosenau F, Wiese S, Ständker L, Otero-González A. New Antibacterial Peptides from the Freshwater Mollusk Pomacea poeyana (Pilsbry, 1927). Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111473. [PMID: 33113998 PMCID: PMC7690686 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are biomolecules with antimicrobial activity against a broad group of pathogens. In the past few decades, AMPs have represented an important alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases. Their isolation from natural sources has been widely investigated. In this sense, mollusks are promising organisms for the identification of AMPs given that their immune system mainly relies on innate response. In this report, we characterized the peptide fraction of the Cuban freshwater snail Pomacea poeyana (Pilsbry, 1927) and identified 37 different peptides by nanoLC-ESI-MS-MS technology. From these peptide sequences, using bioinformatic prediction tools, we discovered two potential antimicrobial peptides named Pom-1 (KCAGSIAWAIGSGLFGGAKLIKIKKYIAELGGLQ) and Pom-2 (KEIERAGQRIRDAIISAAPAVETLAQAQKIIKGG). Database search revealed that Pom-1 is a fragment of Closticin 574 previously isolated from the bacteria Clostridium tyrobutyrium, and Pom-2 is a fragment of cecropin D-like peptide first isolated from Galleria mellonella hemolymph. These sequences were chemically synthesized and evaluated against different human pathogens. Interestingly, structural predictions of both peptides in the presence of micelles showed models that comprise two alpha helices joined by a short loop. The CD spectra analysis of Pom-1 and Pom-2 in water showed for both structures a high random coil content, a certain content of α-helix and a low β-sheet content. Like other described AMPs displaying a disordered structure in water, the peptides may adopt a helical conformation in presence of bacterial membranes. In antimicrobial assays, Pom-1 demonstrated high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and moderate activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes. Neither of the two peptides showed antifungal action. Pom-1 moderately inhibits Zika Virus infection but slightly enhances HIV-1 infectivion in vitro. The evaluation of cell toxicity on primary human macrophages did not show toxicity on THP-1 cells, although slight overall toxicity was observed in high concentrations of Pom-1. We assume that both peptides may play a key role in innate defense of P. poeyana and represent promising antimicrobial candidates for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaine González García
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba; (M.G.G.); (J.P.-E.)
| | - Armando Rodríguez
- Core Facility for Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Annia Alba
- Reference Center for Research and Diagnosis, Pedro Kourí Institute for Tropical Medicine, 11400 Havana, Cuba; (A.A.); (A.A.V.)
| | - Antonio A. Vázquez
- Reference Center for Research and Diagnosis, Pedro Kourí Institute for Tropical Medicine, 11400 Havana, Cuba; (A.A.); (A.A.V.)
| | - Fidel E. Morales Vicente
- General Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata y G, 10400 Havana, Cuba;
- Synthetic Peptides Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 6162, 10600 Havana, Cuba
| | - Julio Pérez-Erviti
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba; (M.G.G.); (J.P.-E.)
| | - Barbara Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.S.); (S.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.S.); (S.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Mark Grieshober
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.S.); (S.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Carina Conzelmann
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Heinz Raber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (D.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Dennis Kubiczek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (D.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Frank Rosenau
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (D.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Ludger Ständker
- Core Facility for Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (A.O.-G.)
| | - Anselmo Otero-González
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba; (M.G.G.); (J.P.-E.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (A.O.-G.)
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Mahrous KF, Mabrouk DM, Aboelenin MM, Abd El-Kader HAM, Gaafar AY, Younes AM, Mahmoud MA, Khalil WKB, Hassanane MS. Molecular characterization and immunohistochemical localization of tilapia piscidin 3 in response to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia. J Pept Sci 2020; 26:e3280. [PMID: 32812302 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of tilapia piscidin 3 (TP3) was determined in vitro against a locally isolated Aeromonas hydrophila. A 388 bp fragment was amplified from the TP3 cDNA and sequenced. The coding sequence (CDS) of TP3 was estimated to be 231 bp codes for 76 amino acids long and stop codon. In silico analysis was performed to detect both the signal peptide and the prodomain cleavage sites to follow the amino acids number 22 and 70, respectively. Based on this, a peptide 23 amino acids long with a remarkably high computed antimicrobial probability was synthesized and used in the subsequent experiments. The antimicrobial activity of TP3 was determined with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minim um bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. TP3 exhibited relatively weak antimicrobial activities against the tested bacteria. A challenge experiment was then performed in Nile tilapia with low and high doses of A. hydrophila, followed by timely recognition; after 3, 6, 24 h, and 7 days of the specific TP3 gene expression, immunohistochemical localization was also performed. Histopathological examination revealed provoked inflammatory responses and congestion in the same organs of TP3 expression. Immunohistochemical localization showed that A. hydrophila induced tilapia fish to express TP3 after 24 h within the gills, intestine, hepatopancreas, spleen, and posterior kidney. In quantitative real time (RT)-polymerase chain reaction analysis, the high dose showed higher mRNA expression levels than the low dose, and its expression levels increased in the A. hydrophila-infected fish. It was therefore concluded that TP3 plays an essential role in fish immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima F Mahrous
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Mabrouk
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamad M Aboelenin
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba A M Abd El-Kader
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Alkhateib Y Gaafar
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelgayed M Younes
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Wagdy K B Khalil
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Hassanane
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Antimicrobial Peptide TP4 Targets Mitochondrial Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080417. [PMID: 32784874 PMCID: PMC7459631 DOI: 10.3390/md18080417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilapia piscidin (TP) 4 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), which shows broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and excellent cancer-killing ability in vitro and in vivo. Like many other antimicrobial peptides, TP4 treatment causes mitochondrial toxicity in cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TP4 targeting of mitochondria remain unclear. In this study, we used a pull-down assay on A549 cell lysates combined with LC-MS/MS to discover that TP4 targets adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) 2, a protein essential for adenine nucleotide exchange across the inner membrane. We further showed that TP4 accumulates in mitochondria and colocalizes with ANT2. Moreover, molecular docking studies showed that the interaction requires Phe1, Ile2, His3, His4, Ser11, Lys14, His17, Arg21, Arg24 and Arg25 residues in TP4 and key residues within the cavity of ANT2. These findings suggest a mechanism by which TP4 may induce mitochondrial dysfunction to disrupt cellular energy metabolism.
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Zandsalimi F, Talaei S, Noormohammad Ahari M, Aghamiri S, Raee P, Roshanzamiri S, Yarian F, Bandehpour M, Zohrab Zadeh Z. Antimicrobial peptides: a promising strategy for lung cancer drug discovery? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1343-1354. [PMID: 32749935 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1791080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defense peptides (HDPs), are identified in almost any form of life, which play an important role in innate immune systems. They have a broad spectrum of antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of global cancer-related death. Unfortunately, lung cancer chemotherapy is accompanied by serious side effects, nonspecific toxicity, and multidrug resistance. Hence, to overcome these drawbacks, anticancer peptides (ACPs) derived from AMPs may represent a potential promising synergistic treatment strategy for lung cancer. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide the recent advancements in the use of AMPs for the treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, the anti-lung cancer modes of action of these peptides have been fully reviewed. Importantly, various strategies for increasing the efficiency and safety of AMPs have been discussed. EXPERT OPINION The combination of AMPs and other cancer treatment approaches such as chemotherapy, nanoparticle-based delivery systems, and photodynamic therapy can be used as a promising revolutionary strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. The most significant limitations of this strategy that need to be focused on are low efficiency and off-target events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Zandsalimi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Talaei
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Noormohammad Ahari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Roshanzamiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zohrab Zadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran
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Lee PT, Wen CM, Nan FH, Yeh HY, Lee MC. Immunostimulatory effects of Sarcodia suiae water extracts on Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and its resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:159-168. [PMID: 32416250 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, water extracts of the red seaweed Sarcodia suiae were obtained using solid-liquid extraction (SLE) or pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) methods. The extracts were used to investigate immunostimulatory activity by measuring the phagocytic activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) hepatic and splenic macrophages and the tilapia head kidney (THK) cell line, and modulation of immune-related genes in primary head kidney (HK) cells and THK cells. At 10 μg/ml, both extracts promoted the proliferation of hepatic and splenic macrophages. Expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8), antimicrobial peptides (TP2 and TP4), and pattern recognition receptors (TLR5) were elevated in SLE extracts-treated primary HK leukocytes. Similarly, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNFα expression was also induced by SLE extract in THK cells. Phagocytic activity in primary HK cells and THK cells was induced by SLE extract 12 h and 24 h post-stimulation, while PLE extract only induced phagocytic activity in THK cells at early time points. SLE extract (100 μg/g body weight) increased the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα, TP2, TP4, TLR2 and TLR5 in the spleen and immunoprotective efficiency against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Taken together, these results show that S. suiae can differentially stimulate the immune response of tilapia in vitro and in vivo and could potentially be used as an immunomodulator in tilapia culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiu-Ming Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung City, 81148, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Yang Yeh
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Chou Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung City, Taiwan, ROC; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung City, Taiwan, ROC.
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Paredes SD, Kim S, Rooney MT, Greenwood AI, Hristova K, Cotten ML. Enhancing the membrane activity of Piscidin 1 through peptide metallation and the presence of oxidized lipid species: Implications for the unification of host defense mechanisms at lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Barroso C, Carvalho P, Carvalho C, Santarém N, Gonçalves JFM, Rodrigues PNS, Neves JV. The Diverse Piscidin Repertoire of the European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax): Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134613. [PMID: 32610543 PMCID: PMC7369796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish rely on their innate immune responses to cope with the challenging aquatic environment, with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) being one of the first line of defenses. Piscidins are a group of fish specific AMPs isolated in several species. However, in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax), the piscidin family remains poorly understood. We identified six different piscidins in sea bass, performed an in-depth molecular characterization and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against several bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Sea bass piscidins present variable amino acid sequences and antimicrobial activities, and can be divided in different sub groups: group 1, formed by piscidins 1 and 4; group 2, constituted by piscidins 2 and 5, and group 3, formed by piscidins 6 and 7. Additionally, we demonstrate that piscidins 1 to 5 possess a broad effect on multiple microorganisms, including mammalian parasites, while piscidins 6 and 7 have poor antibacterial and antiparasitic activities. These results raise questions on the functions of these peptides, particularly piscidins 6 and 7. Considering their limited antimicrobial activity, these piscidins might have other functional roles, but further studies are necessary to better understand what roles might those be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Barroso
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Programa Doutoral em Biologia Molecular e Celular (MCbiology), ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Pedro Carvalho
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
| | - Carla Carvalho
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Parasite Disease, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Santarém
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Parasite Disease, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - José F. M. Gonçalves
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro N. S. Rodrigues
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
| | - João V. Neves
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
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Yuan CH, Ma YL, Shih PC, Chen CT, Cheng SY, Pan CY, Jean YH, Chu YM, Lin SC, Lai YC, Kuo HM. The antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 3 induces mitochondria-modulated intrinsic apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114064. [PMID: 32492449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common solid tumor of the bone that most often affects adolescents. The introduction of chemotherapy for the treatment of OS has largely improved the survival rates of patients with localized tumors. However, the 5-year survival rate of OS patients with relapsed or metastatic disease is only 10 to 20%. In this study, the antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 3 (TP3), isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), was treated to OS MG63 cells. Our findings showed that TP3 concentration as low as 1 μM induced significant inhibition of cell viability and increased DNA fragmentation, as determined by the MTT and TUNEL assays, respectively. The protein expression levels of cleaved caspases 3/9 were increased. An in situ live-cell time-lapse video and cell tomographic microscopy images showed cellular blebbing, shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, and chromatin condensation, with the formation of beaded apoptopodia. Moreover, there were significant increase in the production of TP3-induced mitochondrial and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as down-regulated mitochondrial oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates. Additionally, TP3 enhanced mitochondrial fission, whereas fusion was attenuated. Furthermore, after administration of the mitochondria targeted antioxidant mitoTempo, TP3-induced ROS oxidant levels and alterations in cleaved caspases 3/9 expression were rescued. TP3 promoted mitochondria-modulated intrinsic apoptosis through the induction of ROS production, activation of caspases 3/9, and the down-regulation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates, suggesting that TP3 has potential as an innovative alternative for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ling Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Chang Shih
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Chao-Ting Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Yu Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chieh-Yu Pan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81101, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ping-Tung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Yih-Min Chu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Chun Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ping-Tung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Cheng Lai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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49
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Piscidin, Fish Antimicrobial Peptide: Structure, Classification, Properties, Mechanism, Gene Regulation and Therapeutical Importance. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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50
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Barbosa F, Pinto E, Kijjoa A, Pinto M, Sousa E. Targeting antimicrobial drug resistance with marine natural products. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 56:106005. [PMID: 32387480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance represents one of the most pressing health issues of today. Antimicrobial resistance in micro-organisms can arise due to a multiplicity of factors, including permeability changes in the cell membrane, increase of drug efflux pumps, enzymatic modification or inactivation of the antibiotic, target site modification, alternative metabolic pathways and biofilm formation. The marine environment is a valuable source of diverse natural products with a huge variety of biological activities. Among them, antimicrobial compounds show promising biological activities against numerous drug-resistant bacteria and fungi, making marine natural products a very promising resource in the search for novel antimicrobial agents. This review summarises the state-of-art of marine natural products with antibacterial and antifungal properties against drug-resistant micro-organisms. These natural products were categorised based on their chemical structure, and their respective sources and activities are highlighted. The chemical diversity associated with these marine-derived molecules is enormous, including peptides, polyketides, alkaloids, sterols, terpenoids, lactones, halogenated compounds, nucleosides, etc., some of which have rare substructures. Some of the marine compounds mentioned do not have intrinsic antimicrobial activity but potentiate the antimicrobial effect of other antimicrobials via inhibition of efflux pumps. Although these agents are still in preclinical studies, evidence of their in vivo efficacy suggest research of new drugs from the ocean to overcome antimicrobial resistance in order to fulfil an unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Barbosa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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