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Kachiko G, Weisheit A, Ajayi CO, Tolo CU, Tusiimire J. Immuno-Kachiks formula immunomodulates and ameliorates hepatic damage induced by monosodium glutamate in rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27076. [PMID: 38463849 PMCID: PMC10920360 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a vital role in controlling liver fibrosis and enhancing the pathogenesis of liver inflammation. Monosodium glutamate is a common flavor-enhancement food additive. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory and hepato-curative effects of the Immuno-Kachiks polyherbal formulation against monosodium glutamate-induced immune suppression and hepatic damage in rats. Monosodium glutamate was given orally at a 2000 mg/kg dose to male Wistar rats for three months to induce liver damage and immune suppression. After three months of successful induction, three groups were separately administered orally with Immuno-Kachiks formula at 400, 800, and 1500 mg/kg/day for 28 days. At the end of the treatment period, liver and blood samples were collected for histological and biochemical analysis. The lymphocyte count remained significantly low while the neutrophil count and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio increased significantly, despite the cessation of monosodium glutamate ingestion for 28 days. The Immuno-Kachiks formula (IKF) significantly increased the lymphocyte count, reduced the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and normalized the neutrophil count. Neither monosodium glutamate nor the IKF significantly caused alpha-fetoprotein levels to rise or fall below normal. High doses (800 and 1500 mg/kg) of the Immuno-Kachiks formula significantly raised serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin. 1500 mg/kg of the IKF caused mild liver inflammation. The IKF restored the liver morphologic alterations observed in monosodium glutamate-induced liver damage in rats. The results suggest that the Immuno-Kachiks herbal formulation is a potential curative agent for early-stage liver damage and could restore suppressed adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Kachiko
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Anke Weisheit
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Clement Olusoji Ajayi
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Casim Umba Tolo
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Jonans Tusiimire
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
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Niu J, Li B, Zhang Q, Chen G, Papadaki A. Exploring the traditional Chinese diet and its association with health status-a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae013. [PMID: 38452296 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Increased adherence to a traditional Chinese diet (TCD) could reduce the increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases. Currently, there is no consistent definition of the TCD in the literature, and its associations with health outcomes have not yet been identified. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to assess the definition of the TCD, in the literature, and to evaluate whether the TCD, as described, is associated with health outcomes. DATA SOURCES Fourteen databases were searched up to April 25, 2022. DATA EXTRACTION Three reviewers (in pairs) independently screened and extracted data. A modified risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the quality of the studies assessing the TCD definition; the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool were used to assess the quality of the observational studies and randomized controlled trials assessing associations between the TCD and health outcomes. DATA ANALYSIS Ninety-nine studies were identified that assessed the TCD definition. In at least 75% of the studies, rice and leafy vegetables were consistently reported as food groups that characterize the TCD; the most frequently cited food items were white rice, spinach, bokchoy, and cabbage. Fish and seafood, pork, and pork products were consistently reported in studies exclusively referring to the TCD consumed in southern China (n = 21 studies), whereas wheat and wheat products were commonly reported in studies focusing on northern China (n = 14 studies). Fifteen studies reported on the quantities of food groups that are characteristic of the TCD, but their findings were inconsistent. Of the 99 studies, 54 assessed associations with health outcomes. The TCD was overall inversely associated with obesity risk and weight gain, while relationships between the TCD and other health outcomes were inconsistent. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed to determine the quantities of foods consumed in the TCD and to establish a consistent definition for further exploration of the TCD's potential role in preventing non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhao Niu
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bai Li
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ge Chen
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Yu H, Wang R, Zhao Y, Song Y, Sui H, Wu Y, Miao H, Lyu B. Monosodium Glutamate Intake and Risk Assessment in China Nationwide, and a Comparative Analysis Worldwide. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112444. [PMID: 37299405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The sixth Total Diet Study (TDS) of China included a countrywide study to assess the health effects of MSG (monosodium glutamate). MSG detection, consumption analysis, and risk assessment were conducted on 168 samples from seven food categories of the most typical Chinese daily diet. The highest value of MSG in the daily diet of the Chinese population was 8.63 g/kg. An MSG intake of 17.63 mg/kg bw/d for the general population of China was obtained from content measurements combined with food consumption, while the data from the apparent consumption survey alone gave 40.20 mg/kg bw/d. The apparent consumption did not consider the loss of MSG during food cooking, resulting in an overestimate. To offer a global perspective, MSG content, food category contributions, and ingestion levels across nations were summarized and thoroughly investigated. A realistic, logical, and precise risk assessment protocol for MSG daily intake was developed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Yu
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Song
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haixia Sui
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongjian Miao
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bing Lyu
- China National Center for Food Safety and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
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Shi Z, El-Obeid T, Meftah Z, Alawi A, Said S, Ganji V. Fast food and sweet intake pattern is directly associated with the prevalence of asthma in a Qatari population. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:428-433. [PMID: 34168291 PMCID: PMC8907074 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between dietary patterns and the prevalence of asthma is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and asthma in adults in Qatar. METHODS In this study, cross-sectional data from the Qatar Biobank were used (n = 986). Participants were Qatari or long-term Qatar residents aged ≥20 years old. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary intakes. Three dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between dietary patterns scores and asthma. RESULTS Among 986 eligible participants, 6.6% (n = 65) reported that they were diagnosed with asthma. Three dietary patterns were identified. These were (1) "Traditional" (high intake of rice, chicken/meat/fish, and breads); (2) "Prudent" (high intake of fruits, vegetables, and fish); and (3) "Fast Food/Sweets" (high intake of desserts, fast food, and soft drinks). The fast food/sweet dietary pattern was associated with increased likelihood of having asthma [comparing high vs. low tertile, OR for asthma = 1.25; 95% CI (1.02-1.54); p = 0.035]. Traditional and Prudent dietary patterns were not associated with the prevalence of asthma. CONCLUSION The fast food/sweet dietary pattern was directly associated with the prevalence of asthma among adults in Qatar. Reducing the fast foods and sugary-rich foods may be beneficial for respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumin Shi
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tahra El-Obeid
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zainab Meftah
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amal Alawi
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suad Said
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vijay Ganji
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Zanfirescu A, Ungurianu A, Tsatsakis AM, Nițulescu GM, Kouretas D, Veskoukis A, Tsoukalas D, Engin AB, Aschner M, Margină D. A review of the alleged health hazards of monosodium glutamate. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1111-1134. [PMID: 31920467 PMCID: PMC6952072 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an umami substance widely used as flavor enhancer. Although it is generally recognized as being safe by food safety regulatory agencies, several studies have questioned its long-term safety. The purpose of this review was to survey the available literature on preclinical studies and clinical trials regarding the alleged adverse effects of MSG. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the reported possible risks that may potentially arise following chronic exposure. Furthermore, we intend to critically evaluate the relevance of this data for dietary human intake. Preclinical studies have associated MSG administration with cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, low-grade inflammation, metabolic disarray and premalignant alterations, along with behavioral changes. Moreover, links between MSG consumption and tumorigenesis, increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in thymocytes, as well as genotoxic effects in lymphocytes have been reported. However, in reviewing the available literature, we detected several methodological flaws, which led us to conclude that these studies have limited relevance for extrapolation to dietary human intakes of MSG risk exposure. Clinical trials have focused mainly on the effects of MSG on food intake and energy expenditure. Besides its well-known impact on food palatability, MSG enhances salivary secretion and interferes with carbohydrate metabolism, while the impact on satiety and post-meal recovery of hunger varied in relation to meal composition. Reports on MSG hypersensitivity, also known as 'Chinese restaurant syndrome', or links of its use to increased pain sensitivity and atopic dermatitis were found to have little supporting evidence. Based on the available literature, we conclude that further clinical and epidemiological studies are needed, with an appropriate design, accounting for both added and naturally occurring dietary MSG. Critical analysis of existing literature, establishes that many of the reported negative health effects of MSG have little relevance for chronic human exposure and are poorly informative as they are based on excessive dosing that does not meet with levels normally consumed in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Aristides M. Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71409, Crete, Greece
| | - George M. Nițulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Aris Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsoukalas
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71409, Crete, Greece
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens 10674, Greece
| | - Ayse B. Engin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara 06330, Turkey
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY 10463, USA
| | - Denisa Margină
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
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Niaz K, Zaplatic E, Spoor J. Extensive use of monosodium glutamate: A threat to public health? EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:273-278. [PMID: 29743864 PMCID: PMC5938543 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Niaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Bioscience and Agri-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo-64100, Italy
| | - Elizabeta Zaplatic
- Faculty of Bioscience and Agri-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo-64100, Italy
| | - Jonathan Spoor
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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7
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Greisinger S, Jovanovski S, Buchbauer G. An Interesting Tour of New Research Results on Umami and Umami Compounds. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the fifth basic taste, the umami taste, has been investigated by many scientists in the last years and continues to gain importance. Therefore, a lot of scientific studies were conducted to explore several effects influencing the mechanism of umami, which is elicited and enhanced by defined concentrations of MSG (monosodium glutamate) and umami compounds. This paper covers the most relevant scientific literature regarding umami, its use as a flavor enhancer, and the latest umami compounds, which have been released in the last ten years. The main goal of this overview was to summarize the most important results which were related to umami as one of the five basic tastes, the umami taste receptor, the essential role of umami in a great number of physiological mechanisms, and the MSG symptom complex. Furthermore, the function of umami in the interaction of taste, aftertaste and olfactory pathways has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Greisinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Jovanovski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Buchbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Jinap S, Hajeb P, Karim R, Norliana S, Yibadatihan S, Abdul-Kadir R. Reduction of sodium content in spicy soups using monosodium glutamate. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:30463. [PMID: 27356909 PMCID: PMC4926097 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.30463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive dietary sodium intake causes several diseases, such as hypertension, cardiovascular and renal disease, etc. Hence, reducing sodium intake has been highly recommended. In this study the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG), as an umami substance, on saltiness and sodium reduction was investigated. Methods and Results The trained panellists were presented with basic spicy soups (curry chicken and chili chicken) containing different amounts of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0–1.2%) and MSG (0–1.2%). They tasted the optimum concentrations of NaCl and MSG for the two spicy soups and the overall acceptability were 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. There was no significant effect of spiciness level on the saltiness and umami taste of both soups. The optimum levels of combined NaCl and MSG for overall acceptance in the chili and curry soups were 0.3% and 0.7%, respectively. The results showed that with the addition of MSG, it is possible to reduce sodium intake without changing the overall acceptability of the spicy soup. A 32.5% reduction in sodium level is made feasible by adding 0.7% MSG to the spicy soups. Conclusions This study suggests that low-sodium soups can be developed by the addition of appropriate amounts of MSG, while maintaining the acceptability of the spicy soups. It was also proven that it is feasible to reduce sodium intake by replacing NaCl with MSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selamat Jinap
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; ;
| | - Parvaneh Hajeb
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Mørkhøj Bygade, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Roslina Karim
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sarian Norliana
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Simayi Yibadatihan
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Razak Abdul-Kadir
- Department of Food Service, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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10
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Chen Y, Wong GWK, Li J. Environmental Exposure and Genetic Predisposition as Risk Factors for Asthma in China. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015; 8:92-100. [PMID: 26739401 PMCID: PMC4713885 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic pulmonary disease worldwide and places a considerable economic burden on society. China is the world's largest developing country and has the largest population. China has undergone dramatic changes in the past few decades. The traditional lifestyle and living environment have changed in ways that directly affect the prevalence of asthma. The prevalence of asthma is lower in Chinese children and adults than in developed countries, but the prevalence has been on the rise during the past 30 years. The prevalence significantly varies among different parts of China. Polymorphisms of multiple genes, outdoor air pollution caused by PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, environmental tobacco smoke, and coal, indoor pollution, and inhaled allergens, such as house dust mites, pollen, and cockroach particles, are risk factors for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gary W K Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Bédard A, Garcia-Aymerich J, Sanchez M, Le Moual N, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Maccario J, Varraso R. Confirmatory Factor Analysis Compared with Principal Component Analysis to Derive Dietary Patterns: A Longitudinal Study in Adult Women. J Nutr 2015; 145:1559-68. [PMID: 25995279 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.204479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Principal component analysis (PCA) has been used extensively to derive dietary patterns. We proposed to use confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the same context as PCA--as a one-step approach--to derive dietary patterns. OBJECTIVES The first aim of this study was methodologic and was to compare dietary patterns derived with the use of PCA and CFA, used as equivalent one-step approaches. The second aim of this study was to study these patterns in association with individual characteristics and new adult-onset asthma. METHODS We included 30,589 French women from the E3N (epidemiologic prospective cohort study of women from the MGEN national insurance plan) with 1177 reported cases of adult-onset asthma between 1993 and 2005. PCA and CFA were used in the same context, on 27 food groups, to derive dietary patterns. Associations between dietary patterns and adult-onset asthma were assessed by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Whether we used PCA or CFA, 3 similar factors were found and labeled "Prudent," "Western," and "Aperitif." Correlations between patterns derived with the use of PCA and CFA were high. For the "Prudent" and "Aperitif" patterns, we observed comparable patterns in terms of associations with food groups, individual characteristics, and the onset of asthma. For the "Western" patterns, the one derived with the use of CFA was more related to an unhealthy diet than the one derived with the use of PCA, with higher correlations with the food groups "processed meat" (0.73 vs. 0.51) and "dough and pastry" (0.63 vs. 0.40), and negative associations with physical activity and with having parents who were farmers. Regarding associations with adult-onset asthma, a significant positive association was observed for the "Western" pattern derived with the use of CFA [multivariate RR for highest vs. lowest quintile: 1.30 (1.02, 1.67), P-trend: 0.03], whereas no association was reported when using PCA [RR: 1.14 (0.89, 1.47), P-trend: 0.40]. CONCLUSION Although quite similar dietary patterns were derived with the use of PCA and CFA, this study supports the alternative use of CFA to PCA for the identification of dietary patterns in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Bédard
- INSERM U1168, Aging and chronic diseases-Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, France; UVSQ, UMR-S 1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France;
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margaux Sanchez
- INSERM U1168, Aging and chronic diseases-Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, France; UVSQ, UMR-S 1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Nicole Le Moual
- INSERM U1168, Aging and chronic diseases-Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, France; UVSQ, UMR-S 1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; and University of Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; and University of Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Maccario
- INSERM U1168, Aging and chronic diseases-Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, France; UVSQ, UMR-S 1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- INSERM U1168, Aging and chronic diseases-Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, France; UVSQ, UMR-S 1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
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12
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Brigham EP, Kolahdooz F, Hansel N, Breysse PN, Davis M, Sharma S, Matsui EC, Diette G, McCormack MC. Association between Western diet pattern and adult asthma: a focused review. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 114:273-80. [PMID: 25524748 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radical changes in diet have paralleled the increase in asthma with shifts toward a "Western" diet pattern, characterized by the high intake of processed meats and refined grains, high-fat dairy products, and sugary desserts and drinks. Because diet represents a modifiable risk factor in numerous chronic diseases, the authors examined the association between consumption of a Western diet pattern and asthma incidence, prevalence, and morbidity in adults. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed publications published from January 1980 to April 2014. STUDY SELECTION Studies retrieved for inclusion assessed dietary patterns representative of a Western diet and asthma incidence, prevalence, respiratory symptoms, and lung function. RESULTS Ten observational studies conducted in North American, European, and Asian countries, ranging from 153 to more than 70,000 individuals, did not provide evidence to support an association between a Western dietary pattern and asthma incidence and prevalence. Five of these studies also investigated asthma morbidity, with variable findings. CONCLUSION Current evidence does not support an association between a Western diet and incident or prevalent adult asthma but does suggest a possible link between a Western diet pattern and adult asthma morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Brigham
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fariba Kolahdooz
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nadia Hansel
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patrick N Breysse
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Meghan Davis
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sangita Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Matsui
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gregory Diette
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Meredith C McCormack
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Lv N, Xiao L, Ma J. Dietary pattern and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma Allergy 2014; 7:105-21. [PMID: 25143747 PMCID: PMC4137988 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s49960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The literature on the relationship between diet and asthma has largely focused on individual nutrients, with conflicting results. People consume a combination of foods from various groups that form a dietary pattern. Studying the role of dietary patterns in asthma is an emerging area of research. The purpose of this study was to systematically review dietary patterns and asthma outcomes in adults and children, to review maternal diet and child asthma, and to conduct a meta-analysis on the association between asthma prevalence and dietary patterns in adults. Methods We searched Medline, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge up to January 2014. Two researchers independently reviewed studies meeting the inclusion criteria using the American Dietetic Association quality criteria. A linear mixed model was used to derive the pooled effect size (95% confidence interval) for each of three dietary pattern categories (healthy, unhealthy, and neutral). Results Thirty-one studies were identified (16 cross-sectional, one case-control, 13 cohort, and one randomized controlled trial), including 12 in adults, 13 in children, five in pregnant woman–child pairs, and one in both children and pregnant woman–child pairs. Six of the 12 adult studies reported significant associations between dietary patterns and asthma outcomes (eg, ever asthma and forced expiratory volume in one second). Seven of ten studies examining the Mediterranean diet showed protective effects on child asthma and/or wheeze. Four of the six studies in mother-child pairs showed that maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy were not associated with child asthma or wheeze. The meta-analysis including six adult studies, the primary outcome of which was the prevalence of current or ever asthma, showed no association with healthy, unhealthy, or neutral dietary patterns. Conclusion The evidence suggests no association of dietary patterns with asthma prevalence in adults or of maternal diet with child asthma or wheeze. The Mediterranean diet in children may prevent asthma or wheeze, but randomized controlled trials are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lv
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lan Xiao
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jun Ma
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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14
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Zhang Y, Peng L, Kan H, Xu J, Chen R, Liu Y, Wang W. Effects of meteorological factors on daily hospital admissions for asthma in adults: a time-series analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102475. [PMID: 25019158 PMCID: PMC4097056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence for the impacts of meteorological changes on asthma hospital admissions in adults in Shanghai, China. OBJECTIVES To quantitatively evaluate the short-term effects of daily mean temperature on asthma hospital admissions. METHODS Daily hospital admissions for asthma and daily mean temperatures between January 2005 and December 2012 were analyzed. After controlling for secular and seasonal trends, weather, air pollution and other confounding factors, a Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed lag non-linear model were used to explore the associations between temperature and hospital admissions for asthma. RESULTS During the study periods, there were 15,678 hospital admissions for asthma by residents of Shanghai, an average 5.6 per day. Pearson correlation analysis found a significant negative correlation (r = -0.174, P<0.001) between asthma hospitalizations and daily mean temperature (DMT). The DMT effect on asthma increased below the median DMT, with lower temperatures associated with a higher risk of hospital admission for asthma. Generally, the cold effect appeared to be relatively acute, with duration lasting several weeks, while the hot effect was short-term. The relative risk of asthma hospital admissions associated with cold temperature (the 25th percentile of temperature relative to the median temperature) was 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01∼1.41) at lag0-14. However, warmer temperatures were not associated with asthma hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS Cold temperatures may trigger asthmatic attacks. Effective strategies are needed to protect populations at risk from the effects of cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Center for Urban Environmental Meteorology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Tyndall Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Shanghai Center for Urban Environmental Meteorology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Tyndall Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Song WJ, Kang MG, Chang YS, Cho SH. Epidemiology of adult asthma in Asia: toward a better understanding. Asia Pac Allergy 2014; 4:75-85. [PMID: 24809012 PMCID: PMC4005350 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2014.4.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Asia is the world's most dynamic area. Asthma is a major chronic disease in Asia, like other continents. However, unlike childhood asthma, the epidemiological burden of asthma in Asian adults has been unclear. Here we reviewed the currently available literatures on the epidemiology of adult asthma in the Asian community populations. Adult asthma prevalence was generally lower in Asian than in Europe, but the increasing trends suggested the disease burden to rise in the near future. However, for better understanding, it may be essential to prepare for the Asian multinational network for the standardization and collaboration of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Shi Z, Taylor AW, Wittert GA. Re. Association between monosodium glutamate intake and sleep-disordered breathing among Chinese adults with normal body weight: emerging opportunities for research on monosodium glutamate intake and health at a population level. Nutrition 2013; 29:1276-7. [PMID: 23800569 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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