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Guarnieri L, Amodio N, Bosco F, Carpi S, Tallarico M, Gallelli L, Rania V, Citraro R, Leo A, De Sarro G. Circulating miRNAs as Novel Clinical Biomarkers in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:18. [PMID: 38525737 PMCID: PMC10961783 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) represents the most common form of refractory focal epilepsy. The identification of innovative clinical biomarkers capable of categorizing patients with TLE, allowing for improved treatment and outcomes, still represents an unmet need. Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs detectable in body fluids, which play crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression. Their characteristics, including extracellular stability, detectability through non-invasive methods, and responsiveness to pathological changes and/or therapeutic interventions, make them promising candidate biomarkers in various disease settings. Recent research has investigated c-miRNAs in various bodily fluids, including serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid, of TLE patients. Despite some discrepancies in methodologies, cohort composition, and normalization strategies, a common dysregulated signature of c-miRNAs has emerged across different studies, providing the basis for using c-miRNAs as novel biomarkers for TLE patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Martina Tallarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rania
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Choi IY, Cha JH, Kim SY, Hsieh J, Cho KO. Seizure-induced LIN28A disrupts pattern separation via aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175627. [PMID: 38193536 PMCID: PMC10906464 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged seizures can disrupt stem cell behavior in the adult hippocampus, an important brain structure for spatial memory. Here, using a mouse model of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE), we characterized spatiotemporal expression of Lin28a mRNA and proteins after SE. Unlike Lin28a transcripts, induction of LIN28A protein after SE was detected mainly in the subgranular zone, where immunoreactivity was found in progenitors, neuroblasts, and immature and mature granule neurons. To investigate roles of LIN28A in epilepsy, we generated Nestin-Cre:Lin28aloxP/loxP (conditional KO [cKO]) and Nestin-Cre:Lin28a+/+ (WT) mice to block LIN28A upregulation in all neuronal lineages after acute seizure. Adult-generated neuron- and hippocampus-associated cognitive impairments were absent in epileptic LIN28A-cKO mice, as evaluated by pattern separation and contextual fear conditioning tests, respectively, while sham-manipulated WT and cKO animals showed comparable memory function. Moreover, numbers of hilar PROX1-expressing ectopic granule cells (EGCs), together with PROX1+/NEUN+ mature EGCs, were significantly reduced in epileptic cKO mice. Transcriptomics analysis and IHC validation at 3 days after pilocarpine administration provided potential LIN28A downstream targets such as serotonin receptor 4. Collectively, our findings indicate that LIN28A is a potentially novel target for regulation of newborn neuron-associated memory dysfunction in epilepsy by modulating seizure-induced aberrant neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seong Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and
- Catholic Neuroscience Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jenny Hsieh
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, and
- Brain Health Consortium, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kyung-Ok Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and
- Catholic Neuroscience Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases and
- CMC Institute for Basic Medical Science, the Catholic Medical Center of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Brindley E, Heiland M, Mooney C, Diviney M, Mamad O, Hill TDM, Yan Y, Venø MT, Reschke CR, Batool A, Langa E, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Heller JP, Morris G, Conboy K, Kjems J, Brennan GP, Henshall DC. Brain cell-specific origin of circulating microRNA biomarkers in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1230942. [PMID: 37808470 PMCID: PMC10556253 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1230942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of epilepsy is complex and challenging and would benefit from the availability of molecular biomarkers, ideally measurable in a biofluid such as blood. Experimental and human epilepsy are associated with altered brain and blood levels of various microRNAs (miRNAs). Evidence is lacking, however, as to whether any of the circulating pool of miRNAs originates from the brain. To explore the link between circulating miRNAs and the pathophysiology of epilepsy, we first sequenced argonaute 2 (Ago2)-bound miRNAs in plasma samples collected from mice subject to status epilepticus induced by intraamygdala microinjection of kainic acid. This identified time-dependent changes in plasma levels of miRNAs with known neuronal and microglial-cell origins. To explore whether the circulating miRNAs had originated from the brain, we generated mice expressing FLAG-Ago2 in neurons or microglia using tamoxifen-inducible Thy1 or Cx3cr1 promoters, respectively. FLAG immunoprecipitates from the plasma of these mice after seizures contained miRNAs, including let-7i-5p and miR-19b-3p. Taken together, these studies confirm that a portion of the circulating pool of miRNAs in experimental epilepsy originates from the brain, increasing support for miRNAs as mechanistic biomarkers of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brindley
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mona Heiland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mairead Diviney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omar Mamad
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas D. M. Hill
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yan Yan
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Omiics ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten T. Venø
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Omiics ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cristina R. Reschke
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aasia Batool
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Janosch P. Heller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Conboy
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gary P. Brennan
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C. Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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Zhang X, Yi Y, Cheng L, Chen H, Hu Y. Dynamic effects of miR-20a-5p on hippocampal ripple energy after status epilepticus in rats. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2097-2106. [PMID: 37464223 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
To determine the dynamic effects of miR-20a-5p on hippocampal ripple energy in rats after status epilepticus (SE). A lithium pilocarpine (LiCl-PILO)-induced rat model of status epilepticus (SE) was established, and the rats were divided into the normal control (Control, CTL), epileptic control (PILO), valproic acid (VPA + PILO), miR-20a-5p overexpression lentivirus vector (miR + PILO), sponges blocking lentivirus vector (Sponges + PILO), and scramble sequence negative control (Scramble + PILO) groups (n = 6). Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were used to analyze changes in hippocampal ripple energy before and after SE. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) analysis showed that miR-20a-5p levels gradually increased after miR-20a-5p overexpression lentivirus vector injection into the lateral ventricle, and the miR-20a-5p levels were significantly higher than that in CTL group on days 7 and 36 (P < 0.001). The miR-20a-5p levels decreased significantly on days 7 and 36 after blocking by sponges lentivirus vector injected into the lateral ventricle (P < 0.001). After injection of PILO, the average ripple energy expression in each group gradually increased, and reached the peak before chloral hydrate injection (compared with 1 day before SE, P < 0.05). The ripple energy in the VPA + PILO and Sponges + PILO groups was significantly lower than that in the PILO group at 60 min and 70 min after PILO injection and before chloral hydrate injection (P < 0.05), and maintained lower until 2 h after chloral hydrate injection in VPA + PILO (P < 0.05). Compared with the VPA + PILO group, the mean ripple energy of the Sponges + PILO group had no difference at all time points (P ≥ 0.05). After SE, ripple distribution of space and energy is closely related to the occurrence of epilepsy. Inhibition of miR20a-5p expression can downregulate ripple oscillation energy during seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yanjun Yi
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hengsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Brazane M, Dimitrova DG, Pigeon J, Paolantoni C, Ye T, Marchand V, Da Silva B, Schaefer E, Angelova MT, Stark Z, Delatycki M, Dudding-Byth T, Gecz J, Plaçais PY, Teysset L, Préat T, Piton A, Hassan BA, Roignant JY, Motorin Y, Carré C. The ribose methylation enzyme FTSJ1 has a conserved role in neuron morphology and learning performance. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201877. [PMID: 36720500 PMCID: PMC9889914 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
FTSJ1 is a conserved human 2'-O-methyltransferase (Nm-MTase) that modifies several tRNAs at position 32 and the wobble position 34 in the anticodon loop. Its loss of function has been linked to X-linked intellectual disability (XLID), and more recently to cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathologies are currently unclear. Here, we report a novel FTSJ1 pathogenic variant from an X-linked intellectual disability patient. Using blood cells derived from this patient and other affected individuals carrying FTSJ1 mutations, we performed an unbiased and comprehensive RiboMethSeq analysis to map the ribose methylation on all human tRNAs and identify novel targets. In addition, we performed a transcriptome analysis in these cells and found that several genes previously associated with intellectual disability and cancers were deregulated. We also found changes in the miRNA population that suggest potential cross-regulation of some miRNAs with these key mRNA targets. Finally, we show that differentiation of FTSJ1-depleted human neural progenitor cells into neurons displays long and thin spine neurites compared with control cells. These defects are also observed in Drosophila and are associated with long-term memory deficits. Altogether, our study adds insight into FTSJ1 pathologies in humans and flies by the identification of novel FTSJ1 targets and the defect in neuron morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Brazane
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Dilyana G Dimitrova
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Julien Pigeon
- Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Paolantoni
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Génopode Building, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tao Ye
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg University, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France
| | - Virginie Marchand
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, EpiRNASeq Core Facility, UMS2008/US40 IBSLor,Nancy, France
| | - Bruno Da Silva
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Margarita T Angelova
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin Delatycki
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Jozef Gecz
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pierre-Yves Plaçais
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity Unit, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Laure Teysset
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Préat
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity Unit, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg University, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France
| | - Bassem A Hassan
- Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Roignant
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Génopode Building, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuri Motorin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, UMR7365 IMoPA, Nancy, France
| | - Clément Carré
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & Small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
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Chmielewska N, Wawer A, Wicik Z, Osuch B, Maciejak P, Szyndler J. miR-9a-5p expression is decreased in the hippocampus of rats resistant to lamotrigine: A behavioural, molecular and bioinformatics assessment. Neuropharmacology 2023; 227:109425. [PMID: 36709037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The major obstacle in developing new treatment strategies for refractory epilepsy is the complexity and poor understanding of its mechanisms. Utilizing the model of lamotrigine-resistant seizures, we evaluated whether changes in the expression of sodium channel subunits are responsible for the diminished responsiveness to lamotrigine (LTG) and if miRNAs, may also be associated. Male rats were administered LTG (5 mg/kg) before each stimulation during kindling acquisition. Challenge stimulation following LTG exposure (30 mg/kg) was performed to confirm resistance in fully kindled rats. RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of sodium channel subunits (SCN1A, SCN2A, and SCN3A) and miRNAs (miR-155-5p, miR-30b-5p, miR-137-3p, miR-342-5p, miR-301a-3p, miR-212-3p, miR-9a-5p, and miR-133a-3p). Western blot analysis was utilized to measure Nav1.2 protein, and bioinformatics tools were used to perform target prediction and enrichment analysis for miR-9a-5p, the only affected miRNA according to the responsiveness to LTG. Amygdala kindling seizures downregulated Nav1.2, miR-137-3p, miR-342-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-9a-5p as well as upregulated miR-212-3p. miR-9a-5p was the only molecule decreased in rats resistant to LTG. The bioinformatic assessment and disease enrichment analysis revealed that miR-9a-5p targets expressed with high confidence in the hippocampus are the most significantly associated with epilepsy. Due to the miR-9a-5p dysregulation, major pathways affected are neurotrophic processes, neurotransmission, inflammatory response, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Interaction network analysis identified LTG target SCN2A as interacting with highest number of genes regulated by miR-9-5p. Further studies are needed to propose specific genes and miRNAs responsible for diminished responsiveness to LTG. miR-9a-5p targets, like KCNA4, KCNA2, CACNB2, SCN4B, KCNC1, should receive special attention in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Chmielewska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9 Street, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Adriana Wawer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Osuch
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9 Street, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9 Street, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Szyndler
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Shanker OR, Kumar S, Dixit AB, Banerjee J, Tripathi M, Sarat Chandra P. Epigenetics of neurological diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 198:165-184. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Stage- and Subfield-Associated Hippocampal miRNA Expression Patterns after Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123012. [PMID: 36551767 PMCID: PMC9775180 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles before and after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in the cornu ammonis (CA) and dentated gyrus (DG) areas of the mouse hippocampus, and to predict the downstream proteins and related pathways based on bioinformatic analysis. METHODS An epileptic mouse model was established using a pilocarpine injection. Brain tissues from the CA and DG were collected separately for miRNA analysis. The miRNAs were extracted using a kit, and the expression profiles were generated using the SurePrint G3 Mouse miRNA microarray and validated. The intersecting genes of TargetScan and miRanda were selected to predict the target genes of each miRNA. For gene ontology (GO) studies, the parent-child-intersection (pci) method was used for enrichment analysis, and Benjamini-Hochberg was used for multiple test correction. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to detect disease-related pathways among the large list of miRNA-targeted genes. All analyses mentioned above were performed at the time points of control, days 3, 14, and 60 post-SE. RESULTS Control versus days 3, 14, and 60 post-SE: in the CA area, a total of 131 miRNAs were differentially expressed; 53, 49, and 26 miRNAs were upregulated and 54, 10, and 22 were downregulated, respectively. In the DG area, a total of 171 miRNAs were differentially expressed; furthermore, 36, 32, and 28 miRNAs were upregulated and 78, 58, and 44 were downregulated, respectively. Of these, 92 changed in both the CA and DG, 39 only in the CA, and 79 only in the DG area. The differentially expressed miRNAs target 11-1630 genes. Most of these proteins have multiple functions in epileptogenesis. There were 15 common pathways related to altered miRNAs: nine different pathways in the CA and seven in the DG area. CONCLUSIONS Stage- and subfield-associated hippocampal miRNA expression patterns are closely related to epileptogenesis, although the detailed mechanisms need to be explored in the future.
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Wang S, He X, Bao N, Chen M, Ding X, Zhang M, Zhao L, Wang S, Jiang G. Potentials of miR-9-5p in promoting epileptic seizure and improving survival of glioma patients. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-022-00097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Epilepsy affects over 70 million people worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have essential functions in epilepsy. miRNA-9, a brain-specific/enriched miRNA, plays a role in various nervous system diseases and tumors, but whether miRNA-9 is involved in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential role of miR-9-5p in seizures and its effect on the survival of glioma patients, in order to provide new targets for the treatment of epilepsy and glioma.
Methods
The YM500v2 database was used to validate the expression of hsa-miR-9-5p in tissues. Moreover, qRT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of miR-9-5p in temporal lobe epilepsy patients and rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures. Recombinant adeno-associated virus containing miR-9-5p was constructed to overexpress miR-9-5p in vivo. The effects of miR-9-5p on the behavior and electroencephalographic activities of the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy were tested. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the targets of miR-9-5p and explore its potential role in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy.
Results
The expression of miR-9-5p increased at 6 h and 7 days after lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. Overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly shortened the latency of seizures and increased seizure intensity at 10 min and 20 min after administration of pilocarpine (P < 0.05). Predicted targets of miR-9-5p were abundant and enriched in the brain, and affected various pathways related to epilepsy and tumor. Survival analysis revealed that overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly improved the survival of patients from with low-grade gliomas and glioblastomas. The involvement of miR-9-5p in the glioma-associated epileptic seizures and the improvement of glioma survival may be related to multiple pathways, including the Rho GTPases and hub genes included SH3PXD2B, ARF6, and ANK2.
Conclusions
miR-9-5p may play a key role in promoting epileptic seizures and improving glioma survival, probably through multiple pathways, including GTPases of the Rho family and hub genes including SH3PXD2B, ARF6 and ANK2. Understanding the roles of miR-9-5p in epilepsy and glioma and the underlying mechanisms may provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy and glioma.
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10
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Abdolahi S, Zare-Chahoki A, Noorbakhsh F, Gorji A. A Review of Molecular Interplay between Neurotrophins and miRNAs in Neuropsychological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6260-6280. [PMID: 35916975 PMCID: PMC9463196 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Various neurotrophins (NTs), including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4, promote cellular differentiation, survival, and maintenance, as well as synaptic plasticity, in the peripheral and central nervous system. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other small non-coding RNAs, as regulators of gene expression, is pivotal for the appropriate control of cell growth and differentiation. There are positive and negative loops between NTs and miRNAs, which exert modulatory effects on different signaling pathways. The interplay between NTs and miRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of several physiological and pathological brain procedures. Emerging evidence suggests the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of the interactions between NTs and miRNAs in several neuropsychological disorders, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, and drug abuse. Here, we review current data regarding the regulatory interactions between NTs and miRNAs in neuropsychological disorders, for which novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies are emerging. Targeting NTs-miRNAs interactions for diagnostic or therapeutic approaches needs to be validated by future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abdolahi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Zare-Chahoki
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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11
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Gattás D, Neto FSL, Freitas-Lima P, Bonfim-Silva R, de Almeida SM, de Assis Cirino ML, Tiezzi DG, Tirapelli LF, Velasco TR, Sakamoto AC, Matias CM, Jr CGC, Tirapelli DPDC. MicroRNAs miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p as potential diagnostic and surgery outcome biomarkers for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Neurochirurgie 2022; 68:583-588. [PMID: 35700789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a symptomatic epilepsy syndrome clinically characterized by high prevalence, pharmacoresistance, good surgical prognosis and hippocampal sclerosis (HS); however, no singular criteria can be considered sufficient for the MTLE-HS diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules that act as important gene-expression regulators at post-transcriptional level. Evidences on the involvement of miRNAs in epilepsy pathogenesis as well as their potential to be employed as biomarkers claim for investigations on miRNAs' applicability as epilepsy diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the applicability of three specific miRNAs as biomarkers of diagnosis and surgical outcomes in adult patients with MTLE-HS. METHOD Hippocampus, amygdala and blood samples from 20 patients with MTLE-HS were analyzed, 10 with favorable surgical prognosis (Engel I) and 10 with unfavorable surgical prognosis (Engel III-IV). For the control groups, hippocampus and amygdala from necropsy and blood samples from healthy individuals were adopted. The miRNAs expression analysis was performed using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for miRNAs highlighted from microarray as being involved in GABAergic neurotransmission. RESULTS The miRNAs miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p were found to be hyperexpressed in MTLE-HS patients' blood. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest the existence of three circulating miRNAs (miR-629-3p, miR-1202 and miR-1225-5p) that could possibly act as additional tools in the set of factors that contribute to MTLE-HS diagnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gattás
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Fermino Sanches Lizarte Neto
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Freitas-Lima
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil; Barão de Maua University Center, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bonfim-Silva
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Serguey Malaquias de Almeida
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Mucio Luiz de Assis Cirino
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Guimarães Tiezzi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Tonicarlo Rodrigues Velasco
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Americo Ceiki Sakamoto
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Marconato Matias
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Gilberto Carlotti Jr
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
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12
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Identification of Novel Circulating miRNAs in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063387. [PMID: 35328807 PMCID: PMC8955546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic strokes are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but currently there are no reliable prognostic or diagnostic blood biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various molecular pathways and may be used as biomarkers. Using RNA-Seq, we conducted comprehensive circulating miRNA profiling in patients with ischemic stroke compared with healthy controls. Samples were collected within 24 h of clinical diagnosis. Stringent analysis criteria of discovery (46 cases and 95 controls) and validation (47 cases and 96 controls) cohorts led to the identification of 10 differentially regulated miRNAs, including 5 novel miRNAs, with potential diagnostic significance. Hsa-miR-451a was the most significantly upregulated miRNA (FC; 4.8, FDR; 3.78 × 10−85), while downregulated miRNAs included hsa-miR-574-5p and hsa-miR-142-3p, among others. Importantly, we computed a multivariate classifier based on the identified miRNA panel to differentiate between ischemic stroke patients and healthy controls, which showed remarkably high sensitivity (0.94) and specificity (0.99). The area under the ROC curve was 0.97 and it is superior to other current available biomarkers. Moreover, in samples collected one month following stroke, we found sustained upregulation of hsa-miR-451a and downregulation of another 5 miRNAs. Lastly, we report 3 miRNAs that were significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes of stroke, as defined by the modified Rankin scores. The clinical translation of the identified miRNA panel may be explored further.
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13
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Hua Y, Xu L, Zhu M, Zhao C, Zhang W, Sheng G, Liu L, Jiang P, Yuan Z, Zhao Z, Gao F. Circulating MicroRNAs From Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Pediatric Epilepsy and Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:823802. [PMID: 35221916 PMCID: PMC8866954 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.823802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric epilepsy is a neurological condition that causes repeated and unprovoked seizures and is more common in 1–5-year-old children. Drug resistance has been indicated as a key challenge in improving the clinical outcomes of patients with pediatric epilepsy. In the present study, we aimed to identify plasma small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived microRNAs (miRNAs) from the plasma samples of children for predicting the prognosis in patients with epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy. A total of 90 children clinically diagnosed with epilepsy [46 antiepileptic drug (AED)-responsive epilepsy and 44 drug-resistant epilepsy] and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. RNA sequencing was performed to identify plasma sEVs derived miRNAs isolated from the children’s plasma samples. Differentially expressed plasma sEVs derived miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics tools and were further validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In the present study, 6 miRNAs (hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-584-5p hsa-miR-199a-5p, and hsa-miR-342-5p) were selected for further validation. hsa-miR-584-5p, hsa-miR-342-5p, and hsa-miR-150-5p with area under curve (AUC) values of 0.846, 0.835, and 0.826, respectively, were identified as promising biomarkers of epilepsy. A logistic model combining three miRNAs (hsa-miR-584-5p, hsa-miR-342-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-3p) could achieve an AUC of 0.883 and a six miRNAs model (hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR-584-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p) could attain an AUC of 0.888. The predicted probability of multiple miRNA panels was evaluated for differentiating between drug-resistant children and drug-responsive children. The AUC of a six-miRNA panel (hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR-584-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p) reached 0.823. We identified and confirmed plasma sEVs derived miRNA biomarkers that could be considered as potential therapeutic targets for pediatric epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Hua
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengying Zhu
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiran Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoxia Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peifang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhefeng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyan Zhao
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengyan Zhao,
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Feng Gao,
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Penning A, Tosoni G, Abiega O, Bielefeld P, Gasperini C, De Pietri Tonelli D, Fitzsimons CP, Salta E. Adult Neural Stem Cell Regulation by Small Non-coding RNAs: Physiological Significance and Pathological Implications. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:781434. [PMID: 35058752 PMCID: PMC8764185 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.781434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult neurogenic niches are complex multicellular systems, receiving regulatory input from a multitude of intracellular, juxtacrine, and paracrine signals and biological pathways. Within the niches, adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) generate astrocytic and neuronal progeny, with the latter predominating in physiological conditions. The new neurons generated from this neurogenic process are functionally linked to memory, cognition, and mood regulation, while much less is known about the functional contribution of aNSC-derived newborn astrocytes and adult-born oligodendrocytes. Accumulating evidence suggests that the deregulation of aNSCs and their progeny can impact, or can be impacted by, aging and several brain pathologies, including neurodevelopmental and mood disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and also by insults, such as epileptic seizures, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. Hence, understanding the regulatory underpinnings of aNSC activation, differentiation, and fate commitment could help identify novel therapeutic avenues for a series of pathological conditions. Over the last two decades, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of NSC fate determination in the adult neurogenic niches. In this review, we synthesize prior knowledge on how sncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), may impact NSC fate determination in the adult brain and we critically assess the functional significance of these events. We discuss the concepts that emerge from these examples and how they could be used to provide a framework for considering aNSC (de)regulation in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Penning
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oihane Abiega
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bielefeld
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Caterina Gasperini
- Neurobiology of miRNAs Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Carlos P. Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Carlos Fitzsimons Evgenia Salta
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Carlos Fitzsimons Evgenia Salta
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15
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Huang H, Cui G, Tang H, Kong L, Wang X, Cui C, Xiao Q, Ji H. Relationships between plasma expression levels of microRNA-146a and microRNA-132 in epileptic patients and their cognitive, mental and psychological disorders. Bioengineered 2022; 13:941-949. [PMID: 34969353 PMCID: PMC8805917 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2015528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the relationships between the plasma expression levels of microRNA (miR)-146a and miR-132 in epileptic patients and cognitive, mental and psychological disorders. Eighty epileptic patients and seventy healthy subjects as controls were evaluated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Rating (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD) scales, and plasma samples were collected. MiR-146a and miR-132 levels were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The total incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and depression in epilepsy group was 62.5%. Cognitive dysfunction was correlated positively with educational level, but negatively with disease course, duration and type of administration. The frequency and duration of seizures were positively correlated with anxiety. Depression was correlated negatively with educational level, whereas positively with course of disease and number of used drugs. Epileptic patients had significantly higher miR-146a and miR-132 levels than those of healthy controls. The miR-146a and miR-132 levels of patients with complications were significantly higher than those of cases without complications. Their expressions were correlated negatively with total MoCA scale score, but positively with type of complications. MiR-132 expression was positively correlated with the total scores of HAMA and HAMD scales. Plasma miR-146a and miR-132 expressions increased in epileptic patients, and miR-132 expression reflected the severity of epilepsy and predicted the risks of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Huaibei People's Hospital, Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Guiyun Cui
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai Tang
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lingwen Kong
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Cui
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Xiao
- Epilepsy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Ji
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
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16
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The emerging role of miRNA-132/212 cluster in neurologic and cardiovascular diseases: Neuroprotective role in cells with prolonged longevity. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111566. [PMID: 34517022 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
miRNA-132/212 are small regulators of gene expression with a function that fulfills a vital function in diverse biological processes including neuroprotection of cells with prolonged longevity in neurons and the cardiovascular system. In neurons, miRNA-132 appears to be essential for controlling differentiation, development, and neural functioning. Indeed, it also universally promotes axon evolution, nervous migration, plasticity as well, it is suggested to be neuroprotective against neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, miRNA-132/212 disorder leads to neural developmental perturbation, and the development of degenerative disorders covering Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and epilepsy's along with psychiatric perturbations including schizophrenia. Furthermore, the cellular mechanisms of the miRNA-132/212 have additionally been explored in cardiovascular diseases models. Also, the miRNA-132/212 family modulates cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy in cardiomyocytes. The protective and effective clinical promise of miRNA-132/212 in these systems is discussed in this review. To sum up, the current progress in innovative miRNA-based therapies for human pathologies seems of extreme concern and reveals promising novel therapeutic strategies.
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17
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Baloun J, Bencurova P, Totkova T, Kubova H, Hermanova M, Hendrych M, Pail M, Pospisilova S, Brazdil M. Epilepsy miRNA Profile Depends on the Age of Onset in Humans and Rats. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:924. [PMID: 33041753 PMCID: PMC7522367 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a severe neurological disorder accompanied by recurrent spontaneous seizures. Although the knowledge of TLE onset is still incomplete, TLE pathogenesis most likely involves the aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs play an essential role in organism homeostasis and are widely studied in TLE as potential therapeutics and biomarkers. However, many discrepancies in discovered miRNAs occur among TLE studies due to model-specific miRNA expression, different onset ages of epilepsy among patients, or technology-related bias. We employed a massive parallel sequencing approach to analyze brain tissues from 16 adult mesial TLE (mTLE)/hippocampal sclerosis (HS) patients, 8 controls and 20 rats with TLE-like syndrome, and 20 controls using the same workflow and categorized these subjects based on the age of epilepsy onset. All categories were compared to discover overlapping miRNAs with an aberrant expression, which could be involved in TLE. Our cross-comparative analyses showed distinct miRNA profiles across the age of epilepsy onset and found that the miRNA profile in rats with adult-onset TLE shows the closest resemblance to the profile in mTLE/HS patients. Additionally, this analysis revealed overlapping miRNAs between patients and the rat model, which should participate in epileptogenesis and ictogenesis. Among the overlapping miRNAs stand out miR-142-5p and miR-142-3p, which regulate immunomodulatory agents with pro-convulsive effects and suppress neuronal growth. Our cross-comparison study enhanced the insight into the effect of the age of epilepsy onset on miRNA expression and deepened the knowledge of epileptogenesis. We employed the same methodological workflow in both patients and the rat model, thus improving the reliability and accuracy of our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Baloun
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petra Bencurova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Brno Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tereza Totkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hana Kubova
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marketa Hermanova
- First Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michal Hendrych
- First Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Pail
- Brno Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sarka Pospisilova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Milan Brazdil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Brno Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
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18
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Brennan GP, Bauer S, Engel T, Jimenez-Mateos EM, Del Gallo F, Hill TDM, Connolly NMC, Costard LS, Neubert V, Salvetti B, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Heiland M, Mamad O, Brindley E, Norwood B, Batool A, Raoof R, El-Naggar H, Reschke CR, Delanty N, Prehn JHM, Fabene P, Mooney C, Rosenow F, Henshall DC. Genome-wide microRNA profiling of plasma from three different animal models identifies biomarkers of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 144:105048. [PMID: 32800995 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy diagnosis is complex, requires a team of specialists and relies on in-depth patient and family history, MRI-imaging and EEG monitoring. There is therefore an unmet clinical need for a non-invasive, molecular-based, biomarker to either predict the development of epilepsy or diagnose a patient with epilepsy who may not have had a witnessed seizure. Recent studies have demonstrated a role for microRNAs in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules which negatively regulate gene expression, exerting profound influence on target pathways and cellular processes. The presence of microRNAs in biofluids, ease of detection, resistance to degradation and functional role in epilepsy render them excellent candidate biomarkers. Here we performed the first multi-model, genome-wide profiling of plasma microRNAs during epileptogenesis and in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy animals. From video-EEG monitored rats and mice we serially sampled blood samples and identified a set of dysregulated microRNAs comprising increased miR-93-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-199a-3p and decreased miR-574-3p during one or both phases. Validation studies found miR-93-5p, miR-199a-3p and miR-574-3p were also dysregulated in plasma from patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Treatment of mice with common anti-epileptic drugs did not alter the expression levels of any of the five miRNAs identified, however administration of an anti-epileptogenic microRNA treatment prevented dysregulation of several of these miRNAs. The miRNAs were detected within the Argonuate2-RISC complex from both neurons and microglia indicating these miRNA biomarker candidates can likely be traced back to specific brain cell types. The current studies identify additional circulating microRNA biomarkers of experimental and human epilepsy which may support diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy via a quick, cost-effective rapid molecular-based test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Brennan
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt and Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Neurology, Phillips University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Eva M Jimenez-Mateos
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Federico Del Gallo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Thomas D M Hill
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Lara S Costard
- Department of Neurology, Phillips University, Marburg, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Valentin Neubert
- Department of Neurology, Phillips University, Marburg, Germany; Oscar-Langendorff Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Germany
| | - Beatrice Salvetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Mona Heiland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Omar Mamad
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Brindley
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Braxton Norwood
- Expesicor Inc, Kalispell, MT, USA; FYR Diagnostics, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Aasia Batool
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Rana Raoof
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Hany El-Naggar
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Norman Delanty
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Paolo Fabene
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt and Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Neurology, Phillips University, Marburg, Germany
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Center, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
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Han CL, Liu YP, Guo CJ, Du TT, Jiang Y, Wang KL, Shao XQ, Meng FG, Zhang JG. The lncRNA H19 binding to let-7b promotes hippocampal glial cell activation and epileptic seizures by targeting Stat3 in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12856. [PMID: 32648622 PMCID: PMC7445408 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Glial cell activation contributes to the inflammatory response and occurrence of epilepsy. Our preliminary study demonstrated that the long non‐coding RNA, H19, promotes hippocampal glial cell activation during epileptogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Materials and methods H19 and let‐7b were overexpressed or silenced using an adeno‐associated viral vector in vivo. Their expression in a kainic acid‐induced epilepsy model was evaluated by real‐time quantitative PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and cytoplasmic and nuclear RNA isolation. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the direct binding of let‐7b to its target genes and H19. Western blot, video camera monitoring and Morris water maze were performed to confirm the role of H19 and let7b on epileptogenesis. Results H19 was increased in rat hippocampus neurons after status epilepticus, which might be due to epileptic seizure‐induced hypoxia. Increased H19 aggravated the epileptic seizures, memory impairment and mossy fibre sprouting of the epileptic rats. H19 could competitively bind to let‐7b to suppress its expression. Overexpression of let‐7b inhibited hippocampal glial cell activation, inflammatory response and epileptic seizures by targeting Stat3. Moreover, overexpressed H19 reversed the inhibitory effect of let‐7b on glial cell activation. Conclusions LncRNA H19 could competitively bind to let‐7b to promote hippocampal glial cell activation and epileptic seizures by targeting Stat3 in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lei Han
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Liu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Jia Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Du
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Liang Wang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Shao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan-Gang Meng
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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20
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MicroRNAs as regulators of brain function and targets for treatment of epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:506-519. [DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Bertogliat MJ, Morris-Blanco KC, Vemuganti R. Epigenetic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and acute brain injury. Neurochem Int 2020; 133:104642. [PMID: 31838024 PMCID: PMC8074401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are emerging as major players in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders and susceptibility to acute brain injury. DNA and histone modifications act together with non-coding RNAs to form a complex gene expression machinery that adapts the brain to environmental stressors and injury response. These modifications influence cell-level operations like neurogenesis and DNA repair to large, intricate processes such as brain patterning, memory formation, motor function and cognition. Thus, epigenetic imbalance has been shown to influence the progression of many neurological disorders independent of aberrations in the genetic code. This review aims to highlight ways in which epigenetics applies to several commonly researched neurodegenerative diseases and forms of acute brain injury as well as shed light on the benefits of epigenetics-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Bertogliat
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kahlilia C Morris-Blanco
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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22
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Batool A, Hill TDM, Nguyen NT, Langa E, Diviney M, Mooney C, Brennan GP, Connolly NMC, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Cavanagh BL, Henshall DC. Altered Biogenesis and MicroRNA Content of Hippocampal Exosomes Following Experimental Status Epilepticus. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1404. [PMID: 32009885 PMCID: PMC6978807 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive or prolonged seizures (status epilepticus) can damage neurons within the hippocampus, trigger gliosis, and generate an enduring state of hyperexcitability. Recent studies have suggested that microvesicles including exosomes are released from brain cells following stimulation and tissue injury, conveying contents between cells including microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we characterized the effects of experimental status epilepticus on the expression of exosome biosynthesis components and analyzed miRNA content in exosome-enriched fractions. Status epilepticus induced by unilateral intra-amygdala kainic acid in mice resulted in acute subfield-specific, bi-directional changes in hippocampal transcripts associated with exosome biosynthesis including up-regulation of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent and -independent pathways. Increased expression of exosome components including Alix were detectable in samples obtained 2 weeks after status epilepticus and changes occurred in both the ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus. RNA sequencing of exosome-enriched fractions prepared using two different techniques detected a rich diversity of conserved miRNAs and showed that status epilepticus selectively alters miRNA contents. We also characterized editing sites of the exosome-enriched miRNAs and found six exosome-enriched miRNAs that were adenosine-to-inosine (ADAR) edited with the majority of the editing events predicted to occur within miRNA seed regions. However, the prevalence of these editing events was not altered by status epilepticus. These studies demonstrate that status epilepticus alters the exosome pathway and its miRNA content, but not editing patterns. Further functional studies will be needed to determine if these changes have pathophysiological significance for epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasia Batool
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas D M Hill
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ngoc T Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mairéad Diviney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brenton L Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Bascuñana P, Brackhan M, Leiter I, Keller H, Jahreis I, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. Divergent metabolic substrate utilization in brain during epileptogenesis precedes chronic hypometabolism. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:204-213. [PMID: 30375913 PMCID: PMC6928550 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18809886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism during epileptogenesis may be a therapy target. Recently, an increase in amino acid transport into the brain was proposed to play a role in epileptogenesis. We aimed to characterize alterations of substrate utilization during epileptogenesis and in chronic epilepsy. The lithium-pilocarpine post status epilepticus (SE) rat model was used. We performed longitudinal O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (18F-FET) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and calculated 18F-FET volume of distribution (Vt) and 18F-FDG uptake. Correlation analyses were performed with translocator protein-PET defined neuroinflammation from previously acquired data. We found reduced 18F-FET Vt at 48 h after SE (amygdala: -30.2%, p = 0.014), whereas 18F-FDG showed increased glucose uptake 4 and 24 h after SE (hippocampus: + 43.6% and +42.5%, respectively; p < 0.001) returning to baseline levels thereafter. In chronic epileptic animals, we found a reduction in 18F-FET and 18F-FDG in the hippocampus. No correlation was found for 18F-FET or 18F-FDG to microglial activation at seven days post SE. Whereas metabolic alterations do not reflect higher metabolism associated to activated microglia, they might be partially driven by chronic neuronal loss. However, both metabolisms diverge during early epileptogenesis, pointing to amino acid turnover as a possible biomarker and/or therapeutic target for epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Leiter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Keller
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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24
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Liu X, Feng Z, Du L, Huang Y, Ge J, Deng Y, Mei Z. The Potential Role of MicroRNA-124 in Cerebral Ischemia Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010120. [PMID: 31878035 PMCID: PMC6981583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia injury, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, initiates sequential molecular and cellular pathologies that underlie ischemic encephalopathy (IE), such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, etc. Targeted therapeutic treatments are urgently needed to tackle the pathological processes implicated in these neurological diseases. Recently, accumulating studies demonstrate that microRNA-124 (miR-124), the most abundant miRNA in brain tissue, is aberrant in peripheral blood and brain vascular endothelial cells following cerebral ischemia. Importantly, miR-124 regulates a variety of pathophysiological processes that are involved in the pathogenesis of age-related IE. However, the role of miR-124 has not been systematically illustrated. Paradoxically, miR-124 exerts beneficial effects in the age-related IE via regulating autophagy, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal excitability, neurodifferentiation, Aβ deposition, and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, while it may play a dual role via regulating apoptosis and exerts detrimental effects on synaptic plasticity and axonal growth. In the present review, we thus focus on the paradoxical roles of miR-124 in age-related IE, as well as the underlying mechanisms. A great understanding of the effects of miR-124 on the hypoxic-ischemic brain will open new avenues for therapeutic approaches to protect against cerebral ischemia injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Liu
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Lipeng Du
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yaguang Huang
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jinwen Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
| | - Yihui Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Extracellular Vesicles in the Forebrain Display Reduced miR-346 and miR-331-3p in a Rat Model of Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1674-1687. [PMID: 31813125 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An initial precipitating injury in the brain, such as after status epilepticus (SE), evolves into chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We investigated changes in the miRNA composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the forebrain after the establishment of SE-induced chronic TLE. We induced SE in young Fischer 344 rats through graded intraperitoneal injections of kainic acid, which resulted in consistent spontaneous recurrent seizures at ~ 3 months post-SE. We isolated EVs from the entire forebrain of chronically epileptic rats and age-matched naïve control animals through an ultracentrifugation method and performed miRNA-sequencing studies to discern changes in the miRNA composition of forebrain-derived EVs in chronic epilepsy. EVs from both naïve and epileptic forebrains displayed spherical or cup-shaped morphology, a comparable size range, and CD63 expression but lacked the expression of a deep cellular marker GM130. However, miRNA-sequencing studies suggested downregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-187-5p, miR-346, and miR-331-3p) and upregulation of 4 miRNAs (miR-490-5p, miR-376b-3p, miR-493-5p, and miR-124-5p) in EVs from epileptic forebrains with fold changes ranging from 1.5 to 2.4 (p < 0.0006; FDR < 0.05). By using geNorm and Normfinder software, we identified miR-487 and miR-221 as the best combination of reference genes for measurement of altered miRNAs found in the epileptic forebrain through qRT-PCR studies. The validation revealed that only miR-346 and miR-331-3p were significantly downregulated in EVs from the epileptic forebrain. The enrichment pathway analysis of these miRNAs showed an overrepresentation of signaling pathways that are linked to molecular mechanisms underlying chronic epilepsy, including GABA-ergic (miR-346 targets) and mTOR (miR-331-3p targets) systems. Thus, the packaging of two miRNAs into EVs in neural cells is considerably altered in chronic epilepsy. Functional studies on these two miRNAs may uncover their role in the pathophysiology and treatment of TLE.
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26
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Costard LS, Neubert V, Venø MT, Su J, Kjems J, Connolly NM, Prehn JH, Schratt G, Henshall DC, Rosenow F, Bauer S. Electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampal commissure delays experimental epilepsy and is associated with altered microRNA expression. Brain Stimul 2019; 12:1390-1401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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FTO: An Emerging Molecular Player in Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Neuroscience 2019; 418:15-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Differential expression of miR-34a, 451, 1260, 1275 and 1298 in the neocortex of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2019; 157:106188. [PMID: 31470144 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is the most common epilepsy syndrome which will eventually become pharmacologically intractable partial-onset seizures. Regulation of gene expression is an important process in the development of this pathology where microRNAs (miRs) are involved. The role of miRs has been widely studied in the hippocampus of rodents and patients. However, little is known about its differential expression in other brain regions such as the neocortex. The temporal neocortex plays a major role in the generation and propagation of seizures and in synaptic disruption, impairing the excitatory and inhibitory balance. Therefore, we assessed the expression of miR-146a, 34a, 1260, 1275, 1298, 451, 132 and 142-3p in the neocortex of 12 patients with mTLE and compared them with miRs expression found in 10 control samples. We noted a significant decrease in the expression of miR-34a and 1298 in patients with mTLE and a -1.49 to -7.0 fold change respectively compared with controls. Conversely, we observed a significant increase in the expression of miR-451, 1260 and 1275 in patients with a 25.67, 4.09 and a 7.07 fold change respectively compared to controls. Using Pearson correlation, we explored the association between the clinical features of mTLE patients and controls with miRs expression. In the control group we found a significant correlation only with age and miR-146a expression (r = 0.733). The analysis of mTLE patients showed a negative correlation between expression of miR-1260 (r = -0.666) and miR-1298 (r = -0.651) and age. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between miR-146a expression with seizure frequency (r = 0.803) and a positive correlation between miR-146a and 451 expression with number of antiepileptic drugs used for presurgical treatment (r = 0.715 and 0.611 respectively), thus suggesting a positive correlation with disease severity. These miRs are associated with biological processes such as apoptosis, drug resistance, inflammation, inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission, axonal guidance and signaling of neurotrophins. Therefore, deepening our understanding of the targets involved in these miRs will help to elucidate the role of the neocortex in epilepsy.
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Expression of MicroRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR-199a and miR-1183 in the Blood and Hippocampus of Patients with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:580-587. [PMID: 31368064 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the expression profiles of the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-145, miR-181c, miR-199a and miR-1183 in the hippocampus and blood of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) and to investigate whether these can be used as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for epilepsy. Hippocampus and blood samples were collected from 20 patients with MTLE-HS, ten of whom had a favorable surgical outcome (Engel I) and ten with an unfavorable surgical outcome (Engel III-IV). Hippocampus samples from autopsied individuals with no neurological or psychiatric medical history (necropsy samples) and blood samples from healthy individuals were used as controls. Real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) was used to analyze miRNA expression. The results showed that the expressions of these miRNAs differed quantitatively in the hippocampus and blood of patients with MTLE-HS in comparison to the respective control. This difference was most pronounced for miR-145, which was hypo-expressed in the hippocampus and hyper-expressed in the blood of MTLE-HS patients. MiRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR-199a and miR-1183 were hyper-expressed in the blood of patients with MTLE-HS. No statistical differences in the levels of these miRNAs in the blood or hippocampus were found between Engel I patients and Engel III-IV patients. These results suggest that the analyzed microRNAs are potential circulating biomarkers for epilepsy diagnosis.
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Ramos Costa AP, Levone BR, Gururajan A, Moloney G, Hoeller AA, Lino-de-Oliveira C, Dinan TG, O'Leary OF, Monteiro de Lima TC, Cryan JF. Enduring effects of muscarinic receptor activation on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, microRNA expression and behaviour. Behav Brain Res 2019; 362:188-198. [PMID: 30650342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic system is one of the most important neurotransmitter systems in the brain with key roles in autonomic control and the regulation of cognitive and emotional responses. However, the precise mechanism by which the cholinergic system influences behaviour is unclear. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a potential mediator in this context based on evidence, which has identified this process as putative mechanism of antidepressant action. More recently, post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs is another candidate mechanism based on its involvement in the regulation of AHN and neurotransmission. Taking into account this background, we evaluated the behavioural effects of a non-convulsant dose of pilocarpine - a non-selective muscarinic receptor (mAChR) agonist - in adult Wistar rats. Furthermore, we quantified the expression of different microRNAs implicated in the regulation of AHN. Our results suggests that pilocarpine treatment increases AHN in the granular cell layer but also induced ectopic neurogenesis. Pilocarpine treatment reduced immobility time in forced swimming test but did not affect fear conditioning response, sucrose preference or novelty supressed feeding behaviour. In addition, treatment with pilocarpine down-regulated the expression of 6 microRNAs implicated in the regulation of neurotrophin signalling and axon guidance pathways. Therefore, we suggest that the low-dose stimulation of the cholinergic system is sufficient to alter AHN of rats through post-transcriptional mechanisms, which might contribute to long-lasting behavioural effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Ramos Costa
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Anand Gururajan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Moloney
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alexandre A Hoeller
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Olivia F O'Leary
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | | | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland.
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Raoof R, Bauer S, El Naggar H, Connolly NMC, Brennan GP, Brindley E, Hill T, McArdle H, Spain E, Forster RJ, Prehn JHM, Hamer H, Delanty N, Rosenow F, Mooney C, Henshall DC. Dual-center, dual-platform microRNA profiling identifies potential plasma biomarkers of adult temporal lobe epilepsy. EBioMedicine 2018; 38:127-141. [PMID: 30396857 PMCID: PMC6306312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are no blood-based molecular biomarkers of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) to support clinical diagnosis. MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs with strong biomarker potential due to their cell-specific expression, mechanistic links to brain excitability, and stable detection in biofluids. Altered levels of circulating microRNAs have been reported in human epilepsy, but most studies collected samples from one clinical site, used a single profiling platform or conducted minimal validation. Method Using a case-control design, we collected plasma samples from video-electroencephalogram-monitored adult TLE patients at epilepsy specialist centers in two countries, performed genome-wide PCR-based and RNA sequencing during the discovery phase and validated findings in a large (>250) cohort of samples that included patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Findings After profiling and validation, we identified miR-27a-3p, miR-328-3p and miR-654-3p with biomarker potential. Plasma levels of these microRNAs were also changed in a mouse model of TLE but were not different to healthy controls in PNES patients. We determined copy number of the three microRNAs in plasma and demonstrate their rapid detection using an electrochemical RNA microfluidic disk as a prototype point-of-care device. Analysis of the microRNAs within the exosome-enriched fraction provided high diagnostic accuracy while Argonaute-bound miR-328-3p selectively increased in patient samples after seizures. In situ hybridization localized miR-27a-3p and miR-328-3p within neurons in human brain and bioinformatics predicted targets linked to growth factor signaling and apoptosis. Interpretation This study demonstrates the biomarker potential of circulating microRNAs for epilepsy diagnosis and mechanistic links to underlying pathomechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Raoof
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Anatomy, Mosul Medical College, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Epilepsy Center Hessen, Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Neurocenter, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.m., Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Hany El Naggar
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Thomas Hill
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hazel McArdle
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine Spain
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert J Forster
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hajo Hamer
- Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norman Delanty
- Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Epilepsy Center Hessen, Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Neurocenter, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.m., Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; School of Computer Science, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
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Ma Y. The Challenge of microRNA as a Biomarker of Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:37-42. [PMID: 28676013 PMCID: PMC5771381 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170703102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is one of chronic severe neurological disorders possess to recurring seizures. And now anti-epileptic drugs are only effective in less than one third of epilepsy patients, and biomarkers predicting are not available when the specific antiepileptic drugs treated. Advanced studies have showed that miRNA may be a key in the pathogenesis of epilepsy beginning in the early 2000 years. Several target genes and pathways of miRNA which related to the therapeutic methods to epilepsy. METHOD We searched PubMed from Jan 1,2000 to Jan 1, 2017, using the terms "epilepsy AND microRNA AND biomarker" and "seizure AND microRNA AND biomarker". We selected articles that featured novel miRNAs in vivo epilepsy models and patients. We then selected the most relevant articles based on a subjective appraisal of their quality and mechanistic insight that could be relevant to epilepsy. RESULTS Decrease the expression of has-miR134 could be a potential non-invasive biomarker to use in diagnosis for the epilepsy patients for using hsa-miR-134 also be identified to distinguish patients with and without epilepsy. miR-181a show significant downregulation in the acute stage, but up regulation in the chronic stage and in the latent stage there is no changing and how about this phenomenon appearance in different stage still should be discussed in the future. Besides that, miR- 146a can down-regulated in the patients using genome-wide for serum in circulating miRNAs.miR- 124, miR-199a, and miR-128 etc. could be a candidate for the biomarker in future. miR-15a-5p and -194-5p down-regulated in epilepsy patients, in the future, it may be used as a novel biomarker for improve diagnosis. CONCLUSION These observations give a chance that new development for diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy patients. Advanced technique and miRNA combination may product more effective roles in epilepsy and other disease. These reports will be available to solve the application of miRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapy approaches for epilepsy. In summary, researcher who focus on miRNAs should be understanding of the causes, treatment, and diagnosis of epilepsy. exploration of any of these effects on the efficacy of these drugs is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Bagla S, Cukovic D, Asano E, Sood S, Luat A, Chugani HT, Chugani DC, Dombkowski AA. A distinct microRNA expression profile is associated with α[ 11C]-methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT) PET uptake in epileptogenic cortical tubers resected from patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 109:76-87. [PMID: 28993242 PMCID: PMC6070303 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by hamartomatous lesions in various organs and arises due to mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes. TSC mutations lead to a range of neurological manifestations including epilepsy, cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and brain lesions that include cortical tubers. There is evidence that seizures arise at or near cortical tubers, but it is unknown why some tubers are epileptogenic while others are not. We have previously reported increased tryptophan metabolism measured with α[11C]-methyl-l-tryptophan (AMT) positron emission tomography (PET) in epileptogenic tubers in approximately two-thirds of patients with tuberous sclerosis and intractable epilepsy. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to seizure onset in TSC remain poorly characterized. MicroRNAs are enriched in the brain and play important roles in neurodevelopment and brain function. Recent reports have shown aberrant microRNA expression in epilepsy and TSC. In this study, we performed microRNA expression profiling in brain specimens obtained from TSC patients undergoing epilepsy surgery for intractable epilepsy. Typically, in these resections several non-seizure onset tubers are resected together with the seizure-onset tubers because of their proximity. We directly compared seizure onset tubers, with and without increased tryptophan metabolism measured with PET, and non-onset tubers to assess the role of microRNAs in epileptogenesis associated with these lesions. Whether a particular tuber was epileptogenic or non-epileptogenic was determined with intracranial electrocorticography, and tryptophan metabolism was measured with AMT PET. We identified a set of five microRNAs (miR-142-3p, 142-5p, 223-3p, 200b-3p and 32-5p) that collectively distinguish among the three primary groups of tubers: non-onset/AMT-cold (NC), onset/AMT-cold (OC), and onset/AMT-hot (OH). These microRNAs were significantly upregulated in OH tubers compared to the other two groups, and microRNA expression was most significantly associated with AMT-PET uptake. The microRNAs target a group of genes enriched for synaptic signaling and epilepsy risk, including SLC12A5, SYT1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, KCNB1, SCN2A, TSC1, and MEF2C. We confirmed the interaction between miR-32-5p and SLC12A5 using a luciferase reporter assay. Our findings provide a new avenue for subsequent mechanistic studies of tuber epileptogenesis in TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Bagla
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Daniela Cukovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sandeep Sood
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Aimee Luat
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Harry T Chugani
- Department of Neurology, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Diane C Chugani
- Research Department, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; Communication Sciences and Disorders Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Alan A Dombkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in experimental and human temporal lobe epilepsy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11592. [PMID: 28912503 PMCID: PMC5599629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common chronic neurological disease in humans. A number of studies have demonstrated differential expression of miRNAs in the hippocampus of humans with TLE and in animal models of experimental epilepsy. However, the dissimilarities in experimental design have led to largely discordant results across these studies. Thus, a comprehensive comparison is required in order to better characterize miRNA profiles obtained in various post-status epilepticus (SE) models. We therefore created a database and performed a meta-analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs across 3 post-SE models of epileptogenesis (electrical stimulation, pilocarpine and kainic acid) and human TLE with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS). The database includes data from 11 animal post-SE studies and 3 human TLE-HS studies. A total of 378 differentially expressed miRNAs were collected (274 up-regulated and 198 down-regulated) and analyzed with respect to the post-SE model, time point and animal species. We applied the novel robust rank aggregation method to identify consistently differentially expressed miRNAs across the profiles. It highlighted common and unique miRNAs at different stages of epileptogenesis. The pathway analysis revealed involvement of these miRNAs in key pathogenic pathways underlying epileptogenesis, including inflammation, gliosis and deregulation of the extracellular matrix.
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Zhao Y, Jaber V, Percy ME, Lukiw WJ. A microRNA cluster (let-7c, miRNA-99a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-155 and miRNA-802) encoded at chr21q21.1-chr21q21.3 and the phenotypic diversity of Down's syndrome (DS; trisomy 21). JOURNAL OF NATURE AND SCIENCE 2017; 3:e446. [PMID: 28959732 PMCID: PMC5613287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Down's syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability and cognitive deficit attributable to a naturally-occurring abnormality of gene dosage. DS is caused by a triplication of all or part of human chromosome 21 (chr21) and currently there are no effective treatments for this incapacitating disorder of neurodevelopment. First described by the English physician John Langdon Down in 1862, propelled by the invention of karyotype analytical techniques in the early 1950s and the discovery in 1959 by the French geneticist Jerome Lejune that DS resulted from an extra copy of chr21, DS was the first neurological disorder linking a chromosome dosage imbalance to a defect in intellectual development with ensuing cognitive disruption. Especially over the last 60 years, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that DS is not an easily defined disease entity but rather possesses a remarkably wide variability in the 'phenotypic spectrum' associated with this trisomic disorder. This commentary describes the presence of a 5 member cluster of chr21-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) that includes let-7c, miRNA-99a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-155 and miRNA-802 located on the long arm of human chr21, spanning the chr21q21.1-chr21q21.3 region and flanking the beta amyloid precursor (βAPP) gene, and reviews the potential contribution of these 5 miRNAs to the remarkably diverse DS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Zhao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Vivian Jaber
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Maire E. Percy
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Surrey Place Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Walter J. Lukiw
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Alexandrov PN, Percy ME, Lukiw WJ. Chromosome 21-Encoded microRNAs (mRNAs): Impact on Down's Syndrome and Trisomy-21 Linked Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:769-774. [PMID: 28687876 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Down's syndrome (DS; also known as trisomy 21; T21) is caused by a triplication of all or part of human chromosome 21 (chr21). DS is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability attributable to a naturally-occurring imbalance in gene dosage. DS incurs huge medical, healthcare, and socioeconomic costs, and there are as yet no effective treatments for this incapacitating human neurogenetic disorder. There is a remarkably wide variability in the 'phenotypic spectrum' associated with DS; the progression of symptoms and the age of DS onset fluctuate, and there is further variability in the biophysical nature of the chr21 duplication. Besides the cognitive disruptions and dementia in DS patients other serious health problems such as atherosclerosis, altered lipogenesis, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), autoimmune disease, various cancers including lymphoma, leukemia, glioma and glioblastoma, status epilepticus, congenital heart disease, hypotonia, manic depression, prostate cancer, Usher syndrome, motor disorders, Hirschsprung disease, and various physical anomalies such as early aging occur at elevated frequencies, and all are part of the DS 'phenotypic spectrum.' This communication will review the genetic link between these fore-mentioned diseases and a small group of just five stress-associated microRNAs (miRNAs)-that include let-7c, miRNA-99a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-155, and miRNA-802-encoded and clustered on the long arm of human chr21 and spanning the chr21q21.1-chr21q21.3 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Alexandrov
- Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 113152, Russian Federation
| | - M E Percy
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toronto, Canada
- Surrey Place Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Walter J Lukiw
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 904, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2272, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Cerebrospinal fluid microRNAs are potential biomarkers of temporal lobe epilepsy and status epilepticus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3328. [PMID: 28607431 PMCID: PMC5468228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need for diagnostic biomarkers of epilepsy and status epilepticus to support clinical examination, electroencephalography and neuroimaging. Extracellular microRNAs may be potentially ideal biomarkers since some are expressed uniquely within specific brain regions and cell types. Cerebrospinal fluid offers a source of microRNA biomarkers with the advantage of being in close contact with the target tissue and sites of pathology. Here we profiled microRNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or status epilepticus, and compared findings to matched controls. Differential expression of 20 microRNAs was detected between patient groups and controls. A validation phase included an expanded cohort and samples from patients with other neurological diseases. This identified lower levels of miR-19b in temporal lobe epilepsy compared to controls, status epilepticus and other neurological diseases. Levels of miR-451a were higher in status epilepticus compared to other groups whereas miR-21-5p differed in status epilepticus compared to temporal lobe epilepsy but not to other neurological diseases. Targets of these microRNAs include proteins regulating neuronal death, tissue remodelling, gliosis and inflammation. The present study indicates cerebrospinal fluid contains microRNAs that can support differential diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy and status epilepticus from other neurological and non-neurological diseases.
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Clossen BL, Reddy DS. Novel therapeutic approaches for disease-modification of epileptogenesis for curing epilepsy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1519-1538. [PMID: 28179120 PMCID: PMC5474195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the recent advances in epileptogenesis and novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention of epilepsy, with a special emphasis on the pharmacological basis of disease-modification of epileptogenesis for curing epilepsy. Here we assess animal studies and human clinical trials of epilepsy spanning 1982-2016. Epilepsy arises from a number of neuronal factors that trigger epileptogenesis, which is the process by which a brain shifts from a normal physiologic state to an epileptic condition. The events precipitating these changes can be of diverse origin, including traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular damage, infections, chemical neurotoxicity, and emergency seizure conditions such as status epilepticus. Expectedly, the molecular and system mechanisms responsible for epileptogenesis are not well defined or understood. To date, there is no approved therapy for the prevention of epilepsy. Epigenetic dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration appear to trigger epileptogenesis. Targeted drugs are being identified that can truly prevent the development of epilepsy in at-risk people. The promising agents include rapamycin, COX-2 inhibitors, TRK inhibitors, epigenetic modulators, JAK-STAT inhibitors, and neurosteroids. Recent evidence suggests that neurosteroids may play a role in modulating epileptogenesis. A number of promising drugs are under investigation for the prevention or modification of epileptogenesis to halt the development of epilepsy. Some drugs in development appear rational for preventing epilepsy because they target the initial trigger or related signaling pathways as the brain becomes progressively more prone to seizures. Additional research into the target validity and clinical investigation is essential to make new frontiers in curing epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan L Clossen
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Doodipala Samba Reddy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
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Puhakka N, Bot AM, Vuokila N, Debski KJ, Lukasiuk K, Pitkänen A. Chronically dysregulated NOTCH1 interactome in the dentate gyrus after traumatic brain injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172521. [PMID: 28273100 PMCID: PMC5342204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in several dentate gyrus-regulated disabilities. Almost nothing is known about the chronic molecular changes after TBI, and their potential as treatment targets. We hypothesized that chronic transcriptional alterations after TBI are under microRNA (miRNA) control. Expression of miRNAs and their targets in the dentate gyrus was analyzed using microarrays at 3 months after experimental TBI. Of 305 miRNAs present on the miRNA-array, 12 were downregulated (p<0.05). In parallel, 75 of their target genes were upregulated (p<0.05). A bioinformatics analysis of miRNA targets highlighted the dysregulation of the transcription factor NOTCH1 and 39 of its target genes (NOTCH1 interactome). Validation assays confirmed downregulation of miR-139-5p, upregulation of Notch1 and its activated protein, and positive enrichment of NOTCH1 target gene expression. These findings demonstrate that miRNA-based transcriptional regulation can be present at chronic time points after TBI, and highlight the NOTCH1 interactome as one of the mechanisms behind the dentate gyrus pathology-related morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Puhakka
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Maria Bot
- The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Niina Vuokila
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Konrad Jozef Debski
- The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lukasiuk
- The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Capitano F, Camon J, Licursi V, Ferretti V, Maggi L, Scianni M, Del Vecchio G, Rinaldi A, Mannironi C, Limatola C, Presutti C, Mele A. MicroRNA-335-5p modulates spatial memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 139:63-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Brennan GP, Henshall DC. microRNAs in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Neurosci Lett 2017; 667:47-52. [PMID: 28104433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a common and often drug-resistant seizure disorder. The underlying pathological processes which give rise to the development of spontaneous seizures include neuroinflammation, cell loss, neurogenesis and dendritic abnormalities and many of these are driven by insult-induced changes in gene expression and gene expression regulation. MicroRNAs are powerful modulators of post-transcriptional gene expression which are dysregulated during epileptogenesis. The advent of locked nucleic acid (LNA) based inhibitory methods and mimic technology has facilitated in vivo functional assessment of these molecules in epilepsy. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the role of these short non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland,123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland,123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.
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Kroes RA, Nilsson CL. Towards the Molecular Foundations of Glutamatergic-targeted Antidepressants. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:35-46. [PMID: 26955966 PMCID: PMC5327457 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160309114740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression affects over 120 million individuals of all ages and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. The lack of objective diagnostic criteria, together with the heterogeneity of the depressive disorder itself, makes it challenging to develop effective therapies. The accumulation of preclinical data over the past 20 years derived from a multitude of models using many divergent approaches, has fueled the resurgence of interest in targeting glutamatergic neurotransmission for the treatment of major depression. OBJECTIVE The emergence of mechanistic studies are advancing our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of depression. While clearly far from complete and conclusive, they offer the potential to lead to the rational design of more specific therapeutic strategies and the development of safer and more effective rapid acting, long lasting antidepressants. METHODS The development of comprehensive omics-based approaches to the dysregulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity that underlies the core pathophysiology of MDD are reviewed to illustrate the fundamental elements. RESULTS This review frames the rationale for the conceptualization of depression as a "pathway disease". As such, it culminates in the call for the development of novel state-of-the-art "-omics approaches" and neurosystems biological techniques necessary to advance our understanding of spatiotemporal interactions associated with targeting glutamatergic-triggered signaling in the CNS. CONCLUSION These technologies will enable the development of novel psychiatric medications specifically targeted to impact specific, critical intracellular networks in a more focused manner and have the potential to offer new dimensions in the area of translational neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Kroes
- Naurex, Inc., 1801 Maple Street, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
| | - Carol L. Nilsson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, Texas, 77555-1074, United States
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Alsharafi WA, Xiao B, Li J. MicroRNA-139-5p negatively regulates NR2A-containing NMDA receptor in the rat pilocarpine model and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2016; 57:1931-1940. [PMID: 27731509 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) subunits NR2A and NR2B expression during status epilepticus (SE) remains incompletely understood. Here we explored the role of brain-enriched microRNA (miR)-139-5p in this process. METHODS miRNA microarray was performed to examine changes in miRNA expression in the rat pilocarpine model following NMDA-receptor blockade. The dynamic expression patterns of miR-139-5p, NR2A, and NR2B levels were measured in rats during the three phases of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) development using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Similar expression methods were applied to hippocampi obtained from patients with TLE and from normal controls. Moreover, miR-139-5p agomir and antagomir were utilized to explore the role of miR-139-5p in determining NMDA-receptor subunit expression patterns. RESULTS We identified 18 miRNAs that were significantly altered in the rat pilocarpine model following NMDA-receptor blockade. Of these, miR-139-5p was significantly up-regulated and Grin2A was predicted as its potential putative target. In patients with TLE, miR-139-5p expression was significantly down-regulated, whereas NR2A and NR2B levels were significantly up-regulated. In the rat model of SE, miR-139-5p expression was down-regulated while NR2A was up-regulated in the acute and chronic phases, but not in the latent phase. NR2B expression was up-regulated during the three phases of TLE development. Overexpression of miR-139-5p decreased, whereas depletion of miR-139-5p enhanced the expression levels of NR2A, but not NR2B, induced by pilocarpine treatment. Of interest, NMDA nonselective antagonist and NR2A selective antagonist enhanced miR-139-5p levels suppressed by pilocarpine treatment, whereas the NR2B selective antagonist was ineffective. SIGNIFICANCE These findings elucidate the potential role of miR-139-5p in NMDA-receptor involvement in TLE development and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the future treatment of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid A Alsharafi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chak K, Roy-Chaudhuri B, Kim HK, Kemp KC, Porter BE, Kay MA. Increased precursor microRNA-21 following status epilepticus can compete with mature microRNA-21 to alter translation. Exp Neurol 2016; 286:137-146. [PMID: 27725160 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is consistently up-regulated in various neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Here, we show that the biogenesis of miR-21 is altered following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) with an increase in precursor miR-21 (pre-miR-21) in rats. We demonstrate that pre-miR-21 has an energetically favorable site overlapping with the miR-21 binding site and competes with mature miR-21 for binding in the 3'UTR of TGFBR2 mRNA, but not NT-3 mRNA in vitro. This binding competition influences miR-21-mediated repression in vitro and correlates with the increase in TGFBR2 and decrease in NT-3 following SE. Polysome profiling reveals co-localization of pre-miR-21 in the ribosome fraction with translating mRNAs in U-87 cells. The current work suggests that pre-miR-21 may post-transcriptionally counteract miR-21-mediated suppression following SE and could potentially lead to prolonged TGF-β receptor expression impacting epileptogenesis. The study further supports that the ratio of the pre to mature miRNA may be important in determining the regulatory effects of a miRNA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayam Chak
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Hak Kyun Kim
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Kayla C Kemp
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Brenda E Porter
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA.
| | - Mark A Kay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
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de Araújo MA, Marques TEBS, Octacílio-Silva S, de Arroxelas-Silva CL, Pereira MGAG, Peixoto-Santos JE, Kandratavicius L, Leite JP, Garcia-Cairasco N, Castro OW, Duzzioni M, Passos GA, Paçó-Larson ML, Góes Gitaí DL. Identification of microRNAs with Dysregulated Expression in Status Epilepticus Induced Epileptogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163855. [PMID: 27695061 PMCID: PMC5047645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of miRNA in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) pathogenesis has increasingly become a focus of epigenetic studies. Despite advances, the number of known miRNAs with a consistent expression response during epileptogenesis is still small. Addressing this situation requires additional miRNA profiling studies coupled to detailed individual expression analyses. Here, we perform a miRNA microarray analysis of the hippocampus of Wistar rats 24 hours after intra-hippocampal pilocarpine-induced Status Epilepticus (H-PILO SE). We identified 73 miRNAs that undergo significant changes, of which 36 were up-regulated and 37 were down-regulated. To validate, we selected 5 of these (10a-5p, 128a-3p, 196b-5p, 352 and 324-3p) for RT-qPCR analysis. Our results confirmed that miR-352 and 196b-5p levels were significantly higher and miR-128a-3p levels were significantly lower in the hippocampus of H-PILO SE rats. We also evaluated whether the 3 miRNAs show a dysregulated hippocampal expression at three time periods (0h, 24h and chronic phase) after systemic pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (S-PILO SE). We demonstrate that miR-128a-3p transcripts are significantly reduced at all time points compared to the naïve group. Moreover, miR-196b-5p was significantly higher only at 24h post-SE, while miR-352 transcripts were significantly up-regulated after 24h and in chronic phase (epileptic) rats. Finally, when we compared hippocampi of epileptic and non-epileptic humans, we observed that transcript levels of miRNAs show similar trends to the animal models. In summary, we successfully identified two novel dysregulated miRNAs (196b-5p and 352) and confirmed miR-128a-3p downregulation in SE-induced epileptogenesis. Further functional assays are required to understand the role of these miRNAs in MTLE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykaella Andrade de Araújo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Shirley Octacílio-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Health and Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracajú, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Carmem Lúcia de Arroxelas-Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Peixoto-Santos
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludmyla Kandratavicius
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pereira Leite
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Olagide Wagner Castro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Aleixo Passos
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa Paçó-Larson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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The Risk Versus Reward of Targeting Epileptogenic Signaling Pathways via miRNA Replacement Therapy. Epilepsy Curr 2016; 16:263-5. [PMID: 27582670 DOI: 10.5698/1535-7511-16.4.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Li Y, Huang C, Feng P, Jiang Y, Wang W, Zhou D, Chen L. Aberrant expression of miR-153 is associated with overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in refractory epilepsy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32091. [PMID: 27554040 PMCID: PMC4995460 DOI: 10.1038/srep32091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggest that overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is linked to multidrug resistance of epilepsy. Here we explored whether aberrant expression of HIF-1α is regulated by miRNAs. Genome-wide microRNA expression profiling was performed on temporal cortex resected from mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients and age-matched controls. miRNAs that are putative regulator of HIF-1α were predicted via target scan and confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Mimics or miRNA morpholino inhibitors were transfected in astrocytes and luciferase reporter assay was applied to detect HIF-11α expression. Microarray profiling identified down-regulated miR-153 as a putative regulator of HIF-1α in temporal cortex resected from surgical mTLE patients. RT-qPCR confirmed down-regulation of miR-153 in plasma of mTLE patients in an independent validation cohort. Knockdown of miR-153 significantly enhanced expression of HIF-1α while forced expression of miR-153 dramatically inhibited HIF-1α expression in pharmacoresistant astrocyte model. Luciferase assay established that miR-153 might inhibit HIF-1α expression via directly targeting two binding sites in the 3′UTR region of HIF-1α transcript. These data suggest that down-regulation of miR-153 may contribute to enhanced expression of HIF-1α in mTLE and serve as a novel biomarker and treatment target for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peimin Feng
- Department of integrated traditional and western medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Cattani AA, Allene C, Seifert V, Rosenow F, Henshall DC, Freiman TM. Involvement of microRNAs in epileptogenesis. Epilepsia 2016; 57:1015-26. [PMID: 27207608 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients who have sustained brain injury or had developmental brain lesions present a non-negligible risk for developing delayed epilepsy. Finding therapeutic strategies to prevent development of epilepsy in at-risk patients represents a crucial medical challenge. Noncoding microRNA molecules (miRNAs) are promising candidates in this area. Indeed, deregulation of diverse brain-specific miRNAs has been observed in animal models of epilepsy as well as in patients with epilepsy, mostly in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Herein we review deregulated miRNAs reported in epilepsy with potential roles in key molecular and cellular processes underlying epileptogenesis, namely neuroinflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and synaptic remodeling. We provide an up-to-date listing of miRNAs altered in epileptogenesis and assess recent functional studies that have interrogated their role in epilepsy. Last, we discuss potential applications of these findings for the future development of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies for antiepileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Volker Seifert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Department of Epileptology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David C Henshall
- Physiology & Medical Physics Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas M Freiman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Wang D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Wang G, Wei M, Hu Y, Ma S, Jiang Y, Che N, Wang X, Yao J, Yin J. Targeting of microRNA-199a-5p protects against pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus and seizure damage via SIRT1-p53 cascade. Epilepsia 2016; 57:706-16. [PMID: 26945677 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that control gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Some dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to play important roles in epileptogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine if miR-199a-5p regulates seizures and seizure damage by targeting the antiapoptotic protein silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). METHODS Hippocampal expression levels of miR-199a-5p, SIRT1, and acetylated p53 were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting in the acute, latent, and chronic stages of epilepsy in a rat lithium-pilocarpine epilepsy model. Silencing of miR-199a-5p expression in vivo was achieved by intracerebroventricular injection of antagomirs. The effects of targeting miR-199a-5p and SIRT1 protein on seizure and epileptic damage post-status epilepticus were assessed by electroencephalography (EEG) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS miR-199a-5p expression was up-regulated, SIRT1 levels were decreased, and neuron loss and apoptosis were induced in epilepsy model rats compared with normal controls, as determined by up-regulation of acetylated p53 and cleaved caspase-3 expression. In vivo knockdown of miR-199a-5p by an antagomir alleviated the seizure-like EEG findings and protected against neuron damage, in accordance with up-regulation of SIRT1 and subsequent deacetylation of p53. Furthermore, the seizure-suppressing effect of the antagomir was partly SIRT1 dependent. SIGNIFICANCE The results of this study suggest that silencing of miR-199a-5p exerts a seizure-suppressing effect in rats, and that SIRT1 is a direct target of miR-199a-5p in the hippocampus. The effect of miR-199a-5p on seizures and seizure damage is mediated via down-regulation of SIRT1. The miR-199a-5p/SIRT1 pathway may thus represent a potential target for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy and epileptic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenlu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Minghai Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ningwei Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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