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de Carvalho Patriarca SMM, de Castro Santos A, Passos AFF, Cominetti C. Bone mineral density and normal-weight obesity syndrome: beyond body weight and body mass index. J Bone Miner Metab 2023:10.1007/s00774-023-01417-y. [PMID: 36952007 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-023-01417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the bone profile of adult women and men with and without normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome and its association with bone health-related nutrient intake, anthropometry, and body composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of adults aged between 20 and 59 years with normal body weight, separated according to body fat (BF) percentage into NWO and non-NWO syndrome groups. BF > 30% and > 19% were considered high for women and men, respectively. Socioeconomic, physical activity, food consumption, anthropometric, and body composition data were evaluated. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test and Pearson's χ2 or Fisher's exact tests were applied for comparisons. Multiple linear regression models were developed, with bone parameters as the dependent variables and anthropometric, body composition, and food consumption data as the main independent variables. RESULTS The sample consisted of 224 adults (69.2% women) with a median (interquartile range) age of 23 (21-25) years, 71% of whom had NWO syndrome. Compared with women, a higher percentage of men had a lower-than-expected spinal bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score for age (10%; p = 0.0214). Bone parameters were similar between groups. Spinal BMD was negatively associated with male sex and positively associated with body weight. The femoral BMD was negatively associated with BF percentage and positively associated with body mass index. CONCLUSION The negative association of BMD with BF percentage may suggest a higher risk of bone alterations in individuals with NWO syndrome and should be monitored over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mara Miranda de Carvalho Patriarca
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Nutrition and Health Graduation Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 227, S/N, Quadra 68, Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, CEP: 74605080, Brazil
| | - Acsa de Castro Santos
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Nutrition and Health Graduation Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 227, S/N, Quadra 68, Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, CEP: 74605080, Brazil
| | - Anna Flavia Ferreira Passos
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Nutrition and Health Graduation Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 227, S/N, Quadra 68, Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, CEP: 74605080, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cominetti
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Nutrition and Health Graduation Program, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 227, S/N, Quadra 68, Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, CEP: 74605080, Brazil.
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Jafari A, Gholizadeh E, Sadrmanesh O, Tajpour S, Yarizadeh H, Zamani B, Sohrabi Z. The effect of folic acid supplementation on body weight and body mass index: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 53:206-213. [PMID: 36657915 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Several trials have evaluated the effects of folate supplementation on obesity indices. However, their results were inconsistent. Therefore, the current meta-analysis was conducted to summarize data from available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) about the impact of folate supplementation on weight and body mass index (BMI). METHOD Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ISI web of science were searched to identify relevant articles up to December 2020. The effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using the random-effects model. RESULTS Pooled data from nine studies showed that folic acid supplementation did not change body weight (WMD: -0.16 kg, 95%CI: -0.47 to 0.16, P = 0.32) and BMI (WMD: -0.23 kg/m2, 95%CI: -0.49 to 0.03, P = 0.31), but there was significant heterogeneity between the included studies for BMI (I2 = 90.1%, P < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analyses in level of homocysteine and health status indicated significant effect of folic acid supplementation on BMI in those with homocysteine level ≥15 μmol/L (WMD: -0.17 kg/cm2, -0.33 to -0.01, p = 0.03) and in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (WMD: - 0.30kg/cm2, -0.54 to -0.06, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Our outcomes demonstrated that folic acid improves BMI in those with homocysteine levels ≥15 μmol/L and women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omidreza Sadrmanesh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Tajpour
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Zamani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Lee E, Park S. Serum folate concentration and health-related quality of life among the elderly in South Korea. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:267. [PMID: 34930296 PMCID: PMC8686217 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum folate concentration and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among the elderly in South Korea. Materials and methods The data used in this study were drawn from 1,021 participants over 65 years old in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016–2018. HRQOL was measured by the EQ-5D questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles of folate concentration (ranges 1.7–5.6, 5.7–9.4, and 9.5–31.9 ng/mL). We performed multivariable linear regression to examine the relationship between folate and HRQOL, and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between folate and the dimensional problem of HRQOL. Results Higher folate concentrations were significantly associated with higher HRQOL in the elderly. The average HRQOL score of the elderly in the highest tertile of the folate level was 0.0289 higher than that of the lowest tertile (coefficient: 0.0289; 95% CI 0.0016, 0.0563). The HRQOL score increased by 0.0174 points when the folate concentration increased by 100%. When analyzing specific dimensions, a significant association with folate concentration was found only for the self-care dimension of HRQOL (odds ratio for self-care problems: 0.63; 95% CI 0.41, 0.99). Conclusions The elderly with higher serum folate concentration tended to have higher HRQOL. Among HRQOL dimensions, self-care was only significantly associated with folate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Lee
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health & Department of Urban Big Data Convergence, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangshin Park
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health & Department of Urban Big Data Convergence, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Lopez-Pascual A, Trayhurn P, Martínez JA, González-Muniesa P. Oxygen in Metabolic Dysfunction and Its Therapeutic Relevance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:642-687. [PMID: 34036800 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: In recent years, a number of studies have shown altered oxygen partial pressure at a tissue level in metabolic disorders, and some researchers have considered oxygen to be a (macro) nutrient. Oxygen availability may be compromised in obesity and several other metabolism-related pathological conditions, including sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, the metabolic syndrome (which is a set of conditions), type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Recent Advances: Strategies designed to reduce adiposity and its accompanying disorders have been mainly centered on nutritional interventions and physical activity programs. However, novel therapies are needed since these approaches have not been sufficient to counteract the worldwide increasing rates of metabolic disorders. In this regard, intermittent hypoxia training and hyperoxia could be potential treatments through oxygen-related adaptations. Moreover, living at a high altitude may have a protective effect against the development of abnormal metabolic conditions. In addition, oxygen delivery systems may be of therapeutic value for supplying the tissue-specific oxygen requirements. Critical Issues: Precise in vivo methods to measure oxygenation are vital to disentangle some of the controversies related to this research area. Further, it is evident that there is a growing need for novel in vitro models to study the potential pathways involved in metabolic dysfunction to find appropriate therapeutic targets. Future Directions: Based on the existing evidence, it is suggested that oxygen availability has a key role in obesity and its related comorbidities. Oxygen should be considered in relation to potential therapeutic strategies in the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 642-687.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Lopez-Pascual
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paul Trayhurn
- Obesity Biology Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Clore Laboratory, The University of Buckingham, Buckingham, United Kingdom
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro González-Muniesa
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Pheiffer C, Willmer T, Dias S, Abrahams Y, Louw J, Goedecke JH. Ethnic and Adipose Depot Specific Associations Between DNA Methylation and Metabolic Risk. Front Genet 2020; 11:967. [PMID: 33133129 PMCID: PMC7550664 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic risk varies according to body mass index (BMI), body fat distribution and ethnicity. In recent years, epigenetics, which reflect gene-environment interactions have attracted considerable interest as mechanisms that may mediate differences in metabolic risk. The aim of this study was to investigate DNA methylation differences in abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissues of normal-weight and obese black and white South African women. Methods Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography, and insulin sensitivity was measured using a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test in 54 normal-weight (BMI 18–25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) women. Global and insulin receptor (INSR) DNA methylation was quantified in abdominal (ASAT) and gluteal (GSAT) subcutaneous adipose depots, using the Imprint methylation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and pyrosequencing. INSR gene expression was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Results Global DNA methylation in GSAT varied according to BMI and ethnicity, with higher levels observed in normal-weight white compared to normal-weight black (p = 0.030) and obese white (p = 0.012) women. Pyrosequencing of 14 CpG sites within the INSR promoter also showed BMI, adipose depot and ethnic differences, although inter-individual variability prevented attainment of statistical significance. Both global and INSR methylation were correlated with body fat distribution, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, which were dependent on ethnicity and the adipose depot. Adipose depot and ethnic differences in INSR gene expression were observed. Conclusion We show small, but significant global and INSR promoter DNA methylation differences in GSAT and ASAT of normal-weight and obese black and white South African women. DNA methylation in ASAT was associated with centralization of body fat in white women, whereas in black women DNA methylation in GSAT was associated with insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. Our findings suggest that GSAT rather than ASAT may be a determinant of metabolic risk in black women and provide novel evidence that altered DNA methylation within adipose depots may contribute to ethnic differences in body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Tarryn Willmer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Dias
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yoonus Abrahams
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julia H Goedecke
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Mlodzik-Czyzewska MA, Malinowska AM, Chmurzynska A. Low folate intake and serum levels are associated with higher body mass index and abdominal fat accumulation: a case control study. Nutr J 2020; 19:53. [PMID: 32498709 PMCID: PMC7273685 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between folate metabolism and obesity has recently been underlined, suggesting that folate deficiency may lead to body weight gain and adiposity. We thus wished to determine whether the inefficiency in folate metabolism caused by genetic variation in the MTHFR and DHFR genes in folate metabolism, or inadequate folate intake, is associated with obesity. METHODS A case-control study including 421 healthy participants (aged 20-40) was performed in Poznań, Poland. The cases were 213 subjects with BMI > 25 kg/m2, while the controls were 208 subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Genotyping of rs70991108 (DHFR) and rs1801133 (MTHFR) was performed using TaqMan probes. Serum folate concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and homocysteine was assessed with high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Subjects with overweight and obesity had 12% lower folate intake (p < 0.05) and 8.5% lower folate serum concentrations (p < 0.01) than the controls. Serum folate concentrations and folate intake were inversely associated with body fat percentage (p < 0.05) and waist circumference (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Serum folate concentration, though not folate intake, was negatively associated with WHR and BMI (p < 0.05, for both associations). CONCLUSIONS Lower folate intake and serum levels are weakly, but independently, associated with greater body weight and central adiposity in people aged 20-40. MTHFR and DHFR polymorphism seems not to have significant impact on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Mlodzik-Czyzewska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna M Malinowska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Chmurzynska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland.
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McKay J, Ho S, Jane M, Pal S. Overweight & obese Australian adults and micronutrient deficiency. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:12. [PMID: 32377370 PMCID: PMC7193396 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micronutrients have been implicated as an important factor in regulating various metabolic processes and thus playing a role in the aetiology of obesity. Many studies have been conducted worldwide that clearly show a direct link between obesity and micronutrient deficiencies. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of overweight and obese Australian adults to see if there were any associations between BMI and serum micronutrient levels. Methods Baseline serum micronutrient data of overweight and obese individuals with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m2 and aged between 18 and 65 years was compared to the clinical micronutrient reference ranges for associations between BMI and micronutrient status. Results There were significant negative associations between BMI and serum vitamin D (p = 0.044), folate (p = 0.025), magnesium (p = 0.010) and potassium (p = 0.023). Conclusions Overweight and obesity appears to impact on the bioavailability and utilisation of micronutrients with absorption, excretion, storage/distribution (fat sequestering, tissue dispersion), metabolism (catabolic losses, possibly oxidative), increased physiologic requirements, and lower absolute total dietary intake being the current theory for observed differences. While vitamins D, folate, magnesium and potassium showed a negative relationship to BMI, other micronutrients did not. This may be explained by the fortification of certain processed foods, or the possibility of overweight and obese people eating more to satisfy their nutritional requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny McKay
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Suleen Ho
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Monica Jane
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Sebely Pal
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
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Roberson PA, Romero MA, Osburn SC, Mumford PW, Vann CG, Fox CD, McCullough DJ, Brown MD, Roberts MD. Skeletal muscle LINE-1 ORF1 mRNA is higher in older humans but decreases with endurance exercise and is negatively associated with higher physical activity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:895-904. [PMID: 31369326 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00352.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) is a retrotransposon that constitutes 17% of the human genome and is associated with various diseases and aging. Estimates suggest that ~100 L1 copies are capable of copying and pasting into other regions of the genome. Herein, we examined if skeletal muscle L1 markers are affected by aging or an acute bout of cycling exercise in humans. Apparently healthy younger (23 ± 3 y, n = 15) and older participants (58 ± 8 y, n = 15) donated a vastus lateralis biopsy before 1 h of cycling exercise (PRE) at ~70% of heart rate reserve. Second (2 h) and third (8 h) postexercise muscle biopsies were also obtained. L1 DNA and mRNA expression were quantified using three primer sets [5' untranslated region (UTR), L1.3, and ORF1]. 5'UTR and L1.3 DNA methylation as well as ORF1 protein expression were also quantified. PRE 5'UTR, ORF1, or L1.3 DNA were not different between age groups (P > 0.05). ORF1 mRNA was greater in older versus younger participants (P = 0.014), and cycling lowered this marker at 2 h versus PRE (P = 0.027). 5'UTR and L1.3 DNA methylation were higher in younger versus older participants (P < 0.05). Accelerometry data collected during a 2-wk period before the exercise bout indicated higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels per day was associated with lower PRE ORF1 mRNA in all participants (r = -0.398, P = 0.032). In summary, skeletal muscle ORF1 mRNA is higher in older apparently healthy humans, which may be related to lower DNA methylation patterns. ORF1 mRNA is also reduced with endurance exercise and is negatively associated with higher daily MVPA levels.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) gene is highly abundant in the genome and encodes for an autonomous retrotransposon, which is capable of copying and pasting itself into other portions of the genome. This is the first study in humans to demonstrate that certain aspects of skeletal muscle L1 activity are altered with aging. Additionally, this is the first study in humans to demonstrate that L1 ORF1 mRNA levels decrease after a bout of endurance exercise, regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlton D Fox
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Danielle J McCullough
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Auburn Campus, Auburn, Alabama
| | | | - Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Auburn Campus, Auburn, Alabama
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Lopes LL, Bressan J, Peluzio MDCG, Hermsdorff HHM. LINE-1 in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:478-484. [PMID: 30862304 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1553116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms may play an important role in the etiology of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, by activating or silencing the related-genes. Scientific evidence has suggested that LINE-1 methylation is associated with body composition and obesity-related diseases, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It also has been evaluated as predictor of weight loss. The studies' results are still conflicting, and positive and negative associations have been found to LINE-1 methylation regarding adiposity and cardiometabolic markers. Overall, this review presents observational (cross-sectional and longitudinal) studies and interventions (diet, exercises, and bariatric surgery) that evaluated the relationship of the LINE-1 methylation with obesity, weight loss, dyslipidemias, hypertension, insulin resistance, CVD, and metabolic syndrome. TEACHING POINTS Epigenetic mechanisms may play an important role in the etiology of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. Many studies have related methylation of LINE-1 with cardiometabolic diseases; however, the results are still controversial. The relationship between the etiology of chronic diseases and the methylation of LINE-1 is not fully elucidated. With advances in epigenetic studies, related mechanisms may be early biomarkers in weight change and cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lílian L Lopes
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo G Peluzio
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana M Hermsdorff
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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10
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Pereira GA, Bressan J, Oliveira FLP, Sant'Ana HMP, Pimenta AM, Lopes LL, Hermsdorff HHM. Dietary Folate Intake Is Negatively Associated with Excess Body Weight in Brazilian Graduates and Postgraduates (CUME Project). Nutrients 2019; 11:E518. [PMID: 30823410 PMCID: PMC6471576 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intake can be important regulators for obesity development. Thus, we investigated the possible association between the intake of these vitamins and the excess body weight or obesity prevalence in the participants of the Cohort of Universities in Minas Gerais (CUME project). This study analyzed cross-sectional data of 2695 graduates and postgraduates from universities in the state of Minas Gerais (801 men, 1894 women, ages 36.2 ± 9.4). The first step consisted of collecting data online, and the second step consisted of blood collecting in the subsample living in the city of Viçosa and its region (Minas Gerais). Excess body weight and obesity prevalence were 38.1% and 10.1%, respectively. Inadequate intake of folate, B6, and B12 were 12, 6.3, and 11.1%, respectively. Beans/lentils and French bread presented the highest contribution to folate intake (23.45% and 10.01%, respectively). Those individuals in the third tertile for folate intake (≥511.12 μg/d) had a lower excess body weight [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.79, confidence interval (CI): 0.71⁻0.8] and obesity prevalence (PR: 0.60, CI: 0.45⁻0.78). These associations were maintained when the sample was categorized by sex. In addition, serum folate was positively associated with dietary folate (p for trend = 0.032) and negatively associated with serum homocysteine (p for trend = 0.003) in the subsample. Dietary folate intake was negatively associated with excess body weight and obesity in CUME participants, indicating the relevance of this vitamin dietary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A Pereira
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Luiz P Oliveira
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Helena Maria P Sant'Ana
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Adriano M Pimenta
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health of the School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Lílian L Lopes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Helen Hermana M Hermsdorff
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
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11
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Dias S, Adam S, Van Wyk N, Rheeder P, Louw J, Pheiffer C. Global DNA methylation profiling in peripheral blood cells of South African women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Biomarkers 2018; 24:225-231. [PMID: 30369264 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1539770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objective: Recently, several studies have reported that DNA methylation changes in tissue are reflected in blood, sparking interest in the potential use of global DNA methylation as a biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study investigated whether global DNA methylation is associated with GDM in South African women. Methods: Global DNA methylation was quantified in peripheral blood cells of women with (n = 63) or without (n = 138) GDM using the MDQ1 Imprint® DNA Quantification Kit. Results: Global DNA methylation levels were not different between women with or without GDM and were not associated with fasting glucose or insulin concentrations. However, levels were 18% (p = 0.012) higher in obese compared to non-obese pregnant women and inversely correlated with serum adiponectin concentrations (p = 0.005). Discussion: Contrary to our hypothesis, global DNA methylation was not associated with GDM in our population. These preliminary findings suggest that despite being a robust marker of overall genomic methylation that offers opportunities as a biomarker, global DNA methylation profiling may not offer the resolution required to detect methylation differences in the peripheral blood cells of women with GDM. Moreover, global DNA methylation in peripheral blood cells may not reflect changes in placental tissue. Further studies in a larger sample are required to explore the candidacy of a more targeted approach using gene-specific methylation as a biomarker for GDM in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dias
- a South African Medical Research Council , Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP) , Tygerberg , South Africa.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Sumaiya Adam
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Nastasja Van Wyk
- a South African Medical Research Council , Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP) , Tygerberg , South Africa
| | - Paul Rheeder
- c Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- a South African Medical Research Council , Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP) , Tygerberg , South Africa.,d Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Zululand , Kwa-Dlangezwa , South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- a South African Medical Research Council , Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP) , Tygerberg , South Africa.,e Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa
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12
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Gogna P, O'Sullivan DE, King WD. The effect of inflammation-related lifestyle exposures and interactions with gene variants on long interspersed nuclear element-1 DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2018; 10:785-796. [PMID: 29888958 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the relationship between inflammation-related lifestyle factors and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) DNA methylation, and test for interaction by gene variants involved in one-carbon metabolism. PATIENTS & METHODS The study population consisted of 280 individuals undergoing colonoscopy screening. Multivariable linear regression was employed to examine associations of physical activity, BMI and NSAID use with LINE-1 DNA methylation and interactions with MTR and MTHFR gene variants. RESULTS The highest quartile of physical activity compared with the lowest was associated with higher LINE-1 DNA methylation (p = 0.005). Long-term NSAID use and a normal BMI were associated with increased LINE-1 DNA methylation among individuals with the variant MTR allele (p = 0.02; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that inflammation-related exposures may influence LINE-1 DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gogna
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dylan E O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Will D King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Tsuboi Y, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Mizuno G, Murase Y, Ohashi K, Ishikawa H, Kondo M, Inoue T, Hashimoto S, Hamajima N, Suzuki K. Relationship between Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 DNA Methylation in Leukocytes and Dyslipidemia in the Japanese General Population. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 25:1231-1239. [PMID: 29628482 PMCID: PMC6249363 DOI: 10.5551/jat.43570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Aberrant global DNA methylation is involved in the development of several diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated whether the methylation of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) in leukocytes is associated with dyslipidemia, a major risk factor for CVD, in the Japanese general population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 420 Japanese subjects (187 men and 233 women) without a clinical history of cancer, stroke, or ischemic heart disease. LINE-1 DNA methylation levels in leukocytes were measured using a pyrosequencing method. RESULTS Significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) for hypermethylation were observed in the high LDL cholesterol and high LDL/HDL ratio groups than the corresponding normal group (high LDLC group: OR, 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-2.96, high LDL/HDL ratio group: OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.20-3.01). Subjects with 2 or more lipid abnormalities had significantly higher ORs for hypermethylation than those with no lipid abnormality (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.11-4.82). CONCLUSION LINE-1 DNA hypermethylation in leukocytes was associated with CVD risk profiles: high LDLC, high LDL/HDL ratio, and the degree of abnormal lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Yuri Murase
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Mari Kondo
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences.,Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences.,Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences
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14
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Defective regulation of L1 endogenous retroelements in primary Sjogren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: Role of methylating enzymes. J Autoimmun 2017; 88:75-82. [PMID: 29074164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether altered DNA methylation contributes to the inappropriate expression of LINE-1 (L1) retroelements in primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Minor salivary glands (MSG) were obtained from 42 patients with primary SS [23 without adverse predictors for lymphoma development (SS-low risk), 7 SS-high risk and 12 complicated by B-cell lymphoma (SS-lymphoma)] and 17 sicca controls (SC). Additionally, kidney biopsy specimens and PBMCs were obtained from 23 and 73 lupus patients, respectively. Relative mRNA expression was quantified for full-length L1 transcripts, along with mediators of methylation. In an independent set of 44 MSG samples (11 SS-low risk, 10 SS-high risk, 15 SS-lymphoma and 8 SC), methylation levels of the L1 promoter were determined by bisulphite pyrosequencing. RESULTS A strong positive correlation was demonstrated between L1 transcripts and gene products that mediate de novo and constitutive DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)3B, DNMT1, and methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), in both SS MSG and lupus renal tissues. A significant negative correlation was observed between expression of L1 and lymphoid-specific helicase (LSH, encoded by HELLS) in both SS MSG and SLE kidney tissues, as well as between DNMT3A transcripts and L1 expression in SLE kidney tissues and PBMCs. Reduced levels of L1 promoter methylation along with increased DNMT3B, DNMT1, and MeCP2, but reduced LSH levels were detected in SS-low risk patients compared to both SS-lymphoma and SC. The SS-lymphoma group was also characterized by a profound decrease of MeCP2 and DNMT3B compared to SC. CONCLUSION Our data support a contributory role of altered methylation mechanisms in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune disorders and related lymphoproliferative processes and suggest that LSH and DNMT3A should be investigated as candidate upstream mediators of decreased L1 promoter methylation and increased L1 expression.
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15
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Boyne DJ, Friedenreich CM, McIntyre JB, Courneya KS, King WD. Associations between adiposity and repetitive element DNA methylation in healthy postmenopausal women. Epigenomics 2017; 9:1267-1277. [PMID: 28874065 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the association between adiposity and repetitive element DNA methylation in healthy postmenopausal women. PATIENTS & METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline information from 289 women who participated in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention trial. RESULTS After adjusting for important confounders, long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation was positively associated with intra-abdominal fat area (p = 0.03), body fat percent (p = 0.048), fat mass (p = 0.01), waist circumference (p = 0.03), hip circumference (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.03), current weight (p = 0.002), weight at age 20 (p = 0.02) and adulthood weight gain (p = 0.03). No significant associations were found between any of the adiposity measures and Alu methylation. CONCLUSION Current and historical adiposity measures are positively associated with long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation in healthy postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Boyne
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John B McIntyre
- Translational Laboratory, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Will D King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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16
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Casanello P, Krause BJ, Castro-Rodríguez JA, Uauy R. [Epigenetics and obesity]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 87:335-342. [PMID: 27692574 DOI: 10.1016/j.rchipe.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence supports the notion that exposure to various environmental conditions in early life may induce permanent changes in the epigenome that persist throughout the life-course. This article focuses on early changes associated with obesity in adult life. A review is presented on the factors that induce changes in whole genome (DNA) methylation in early life that are associated with adult onset obesity and related disorders. In contrast, reversal of epigenetic changes associated with weight loss in obese subjects has not been demonstrated. This contrasts with well-established associations found between obesity related DNA methylation patterns at birth and adult onset obesity and diabetes. Epigenetic markers may serve to screen indivuals at risk for obesity and assess the effects of interventions in early life that may delay or prevent obesity in early life. This might contribute to lower the obesity-related burden of death and disability at the population level. The available evidence indicates that epigenetic marks are in fact modifiable, based on modifications in the intrauterine environment and changes in food intake, physical activity and dietary patterns patterns during pregnancy and early years of adult life. This offers the opportunity to intervene before conception, during pregnancy, infancy, childhood, and also in later life. There must be documentation on the best preventive actions in terms of diet and physical activity that will modify or revert the adverse epigenetic markers, thus preventing obesity and diabetes in suceptible individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Casanello
- División de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; División de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardo J Krause
- División de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José A Castro-Rodríguez
- División de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Uauy
- División de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Muka T, Nano J, Voortman T, Braun KVE, Ligthart S, Stranges S, Bramer WM, Troup J, Chowdhury R, Dehghan A, Franco OH. The role of global and regional DNA methylation and histone modifications in glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:553-566. [PMID: 27146363 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New evidence suggests the potential involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in type 2 diabetes (T2D) as a crucial interface between the effects of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. AIM To systematically review studies investigating the association between epigenetic marks (DNA methylation and histone modifications) with T2D and glycemic traits (glucose and insulin levels, insulin resistance measured by HOMA-IR). METHOD AND RESULTS Six bibliographic databases (Embase.com, Medline (Ovid), Web-of-Science, PubMed, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar) were screened until 28th August 2015. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies in humans that examined the association between epigenetic marks (global, candidate or genome-wide methylation of DNA and histone modifications) with T2D, glucose and insulin levels and insulin metabolism. Of the initially identified 3879 references, 53 articles, based on 47 unique studies met our inclusion criteria. Overall, data were available on 10,823 participants, with a total of 3358 T2D cases. There was no consistent evidence for an association between global DNA-methylation with T2D, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance. The studies reported epigenetic regulation of several candidate genes for diabetes susceptibility in blood cells, muscle, adipose tissue and placenta to be related with T2D without any general overlap between them. Histone modifications in relation to T2D were reported only in 3 observational studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Current evidence supports an association between epigenetic marks and T2D. However, overall evidence is limited, highlighting the need for further larger-scale and prospective investigations to establish whether epigenetic marks may influence the risk of developing T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muka
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - J Nano
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K V E Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Stranges
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - W M Bramer
- Medical Library, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Troup
- Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, USA
| | - R Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
| | - A Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Carraro JCC, Mansego ML, Milagro FI, Chaves LO, Vidigal FC, Bressan J, Martínez JA. LINE-1 and inflammatory gene methylation levels are early biomarkers of metabolic changes: association with adiposity. Biomarkers 2016; 21:625-32. [DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2016.1171904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Luisa Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, CIBERobn, Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y La Nutrición, Institute of Health Carlos III, Pamplona, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermin Ignacio Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, CIBERobn, Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y La Nutrición, Institute of Health Carlos III, Pamplona, Madrid, Spain
| | - Larissa Oliveira Chaves
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal De Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal De Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, CIBERobn, Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y La Nutrición, Institute of Health Carlos III, Pamplona, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Badiga S, Siddiqui NR, Macaluso M, Johanning GL, Piyathilake CJ. Homocysteinemia is Associated with a Lower Degree of PBMC LINE-1 Methylation and a Higher Risk of CIN 2C in the U.S. Post-Folic Acid Fortification Era. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:446-55. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1152388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Garcia-Lacarte M, Milagro FI, Zulet MA, Martinez JA, Mansego ML. LINE-1 methylation levels, a biomarker of weight loss in obese subjects, are influenced by dietary antioxidant capacity. Redox Rep 2016; 21:67-74. [PMID: 26197243 PMCID: PMC6837392 DOI: 10.1179/1351000215y.0000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epigenetic markers, and in particular DNA methylation, have come to the fore as new tools in the personalization of the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. The objectives of the current investigation were to identify epigenetic biomarkers that might be predictive of response to a weight-loss intervention, and to better understand the influence of certain nutrients (particularly antioxidants) on the epigenome. METHODS Global DNA (LINE-1) methylation levels were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 96 obese volunteers of the Metabolic Syndrome Reduction in Navarra study, using a methylation-sensitive high resolution melting approach after bisulfite modification. RESULTS Baseline LINE-1 DNA methylation levels were significantly higher (5.41%) in high responders (>8% of weight loss) as compared to low responders (<8%) to the energy-restricted treatment. Indeed, a LINE-1 methylation higher than 84.15% may be predictive of a high response to the hypocaloric diet. Statistically significant correlations were found between LINE-1 baseline DNA methylation levels and the response to the treatment involving total fat mass and body weight. Furthermore, LINE-1 baseline methylation levels positively correlated with baseline dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC). DISCUSSION LINE-1 methylation levels in PBMCs might be used to predict response to a dietary weight-loss intervention, and seem to be related to the dietary TAC. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.clinicaltrials.gov : NCT01087086.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Garcia-Lacarte
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermin I. Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos II Health Insitute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A. Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos II Health Insitute, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos II Health Insitute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria L. Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos II Health Insitute, Madrid, Spain
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Marques-Rocha JL, Milagro FI, Mansego ML, Mourão DM, Martínez JA, Bressan J. LINE-1 methylation is positively associated with healthier lifestyle but inversely related to body fat mass in healthy young individuals. Epigenetics 2016; 11:49-60. [PMID: 26786189 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1135286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the goal of investigating if epigenetic biomarkers from white blood cells (WBC) are associated with dietary, anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in young and apparently healthy individuals. We evaluated 156 individuals (91 women, 65 men; age: 23.1±3.5 years; body mass index: 22.0±2.9 kg/m(2)) for anthropometric, biochemical and clinical markers, including some components of the antioxidant defense system and inflammatory response. DNA methylation of LINE-1, TNF-α and IL-6 and the expression of some genes related to the inflammatory process were analyzed in WBC. Adiposity was lower among individuals with higher LINE-1 methylation. On the contrary, body fat-free mass was higher among those with higher LINE-1 methylation. Individuals with higher LINE-1 methylation had higher daily intakes of calories, iron and riboflavin. However, those individuals who presented lower percentages of LINE-1 methylation reported higher intakes of copper, niacin and thiamin. Interestingly, the group with higher LINE-1 methylation had a lower percentage of current smokers and more individuals practicing sports. On the other hand, TNF-α methylation percentage was negatively associated with waist girth, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-stature ratio. Plasma TNF-α levels were lower in those individuals with higher TNF-α methylation. This study suggests that higher levels of LINE-1 and TNF-α methylation are associated with better indicators of adiposity status in healthy young individuals. In addition, energy and micronutrient intake, as well as a healthy lifestyle, may have a role in the regulation of DNA methylation in WBC and the subsequent metabolic changes may affect epigenetic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fermin I Milagro
- b Department of Nutrition , Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,c CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Mansego
- b Department of Nutrition , Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Denise Machado Mourão
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- b Department of Nutrition , Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,c CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain.,d IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Josefina Bressan
- a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
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Burghardt KJ, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC, Ellingrod VL. DNA methylation, insulin resistance and second-generation antipsychotics in bipolar disorder. Epigenomics 2015; 7:343-52. [PMID: 26077424 DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to assess the effect of second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) use and insulin resistance on a global measure of DNA methylation in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. MATERIALS & METHODS Subjects stable on medication (either mood stabilizer monotherapy or adjuvant SGAs) were assessed for insulin resistance. Global methylation levels were assessed in leukocyte DNA from whole blood using the Luminometric Methylation Assay. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate the effect of insulin resistance and SGA use on DNA methylation. RESULTS A total of 115 bipolar I subjects were included in this study. The average age was 43.1 ±12.2 years and 73% were on SGAs. Average% global methylation was 77.0 ± 3.26 and was significantly influenced by insulin resistance, SGA use and smoking. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show a relationship between SGA use, insulin resistance and global DNA methylation. Further work will be needed to identify tissue- and gene-specific methylation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Burghardt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jacyln M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 6638 SPH Tower, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 6638 SPH Tower, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vicki L Ellingrod
- Department of Clinical Social & Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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23
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Babić Božović I, Stanković A, Živković M, Vraneković J, Kapović M, Brajenović-Milić B. Altered LINE-1 Methylation in Mothers of Children with Down Syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127423. [PMID: 26017139 PMCID: PMC4446367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS, also known as trisomy 21) most often results from chromosomal nondisjunction during oogenesis. Numerous studies sustain a causal link between global DNA hypomethylation and genetic instability. It has been suggested that DNA hypomethylation might affect the structure and dynamics of chromatin regions that are critical for chromosome stability and segregation, thus favouring chromosomal nondisjunction during meiosis. Maternal global DNA hypomethylation has not yet been analyzed as a potential risk factor for chromosome 21 nondisjunction. This study aimed to asses the risk for DS in association with maternal global DNA methylation and the impact of endogenous and exogenous factors that reportedly influence DNA methylation status. Global DNA methylation was analyzed in peripheral blood lymphocytes by quantifying LINE-1 methylation using the MethyLight method. Levels of global DNA methylation were significantly lower among mothers of children with maternally derived trisomy 21 than among control mothers (P = 0.000). The combination of MTHFR C677T genotype and diet significantly influenced global DNA methylation (R2 = 4.5%, P = 0.046). The lowest values of global DNA methylation were observed in mothers with MTHFR 677 CT+TT genotype and low dietary folate. Although our findings revealed an association between maternal global DNA hypomethylation and trisomy 21 of maternal origin, further progress and final conclusions regarding the role of global DNA methylation and the occurrence of trisomy 21 are facing major challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Babić Božović
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Stanković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Živković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jadranka Vraneković
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Miljenko Kapović
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Bojana Brajenović-Milić
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- * E-mail:
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24
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Delgado-Cruzata L, Zhang W, McDonald JA, Tsai WY, Valdovinos C, Falci L, Wang Q, Crew KD, Santella RM, Hershman DL, Greenlee H. Dietary modifications, weight loss, and changes in metabolic markers affect global DNA methylation in Hispanic, African American, and Afro-Caribbean breast cancer survivors. J Nutr 2015; 145:783-90. [PMID: 25833781 PMCID: PMC4381766 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.202853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower levels of global DNA methylation in tissue and blood have been associated with increased cancer risk. Conversely, cross-sectional analyses of healthier lifestyle patterns have been associated with higher levels of global DNA methylation. OBJECTIVE In this trial, we explored the associations between changes in lifestyle modifications (diet, weight loss), metabolic markers, and global epigenetic biomarkers in white blood cells. METHODS Study participants were Hispanic, African American, and Afro-Caribbean overweight and sedentary female breast cancer survivors (n = 24) who participated in a larger randomized, crossover, pilot study of a 6-mo weight loss intervention and who had available blood specimens. Anthropometric measures, a food-frequency questionnaire, and peripheral blood were collected at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Plasma samples were analyzed for metabolic markers (insulin, glucose). We measured DNA methylation of long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE-1) and satellite 2 by pyrosequencing and MethyLight, respectively, and global DNA methylation by the luminometric methylation assay (LUMA). RESULTS DNA methylation of LINE-1 was statistically significantly elevated at 6 mo [75.5% vs. 78.5% (P < 0.0001)] and 12 mo [75.5% vs. 77.7% (P < 0.0001)], compared to baseline. Over a 12-mo period, changes in percentage body fat and plasma glucose concentrations were positively associated with LINE-1 DNA methylation (β = 0.19, P = 0.001) and LUMA DNA methylation levels (β = 0.24, P = 0.02), respectively. Similarly, 12-mo changes in dietary measures such as vegetable (β = 0.009, P = 0.048), protein (β = 0.04, P = 0.001), and total caloric (β = 0.05, P = 0.01) intake were positively associated with changes in LUMA DNA methylation, as was intake of fruit positively associated with changes in LINE-1 DNA methylation (β = 0.004, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our hypothesis-generating results suggest that lifestyle modifications may be associated with changes in global DNA methylation detectable at 6 and 12 mo. These biomarkers may be useful intermediate biomarkers to use in future intervention trials. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00811824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissette Delgado-Cruzata
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences,,Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Laura Falci
- Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health
| | - Qiao Wang
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences
| | - Katherine D Crew
- Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health,,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and,Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY; and
| | - Regina M Santella
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences,,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health,,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and,Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY; and
| | - Heather Greenlee
- Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
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25
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Moons T, De Hert M, Kenis G, Viechtbauer W, van Os J, Gohlke H, Claes S, van Winkel R. No association between genetic or epigenetic variation in insulin growth factors and antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances in a cross-sectional sample. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:951-62. [PMID: 24956249 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) are known to induce metabolic disturbances. Genetic pathways, such as the IGF pathway could be associated with increased metabolic syndrome (MetS). Additionally, IGF2 methylation varies as a function of environmental influences and is associated with schizophrenia and MetS. The current study aims to evaluate whether genetic and epigenetic variation in genes of the IGF pathway are associated with metabolic disturbances in patients under treatment with SGAs. METHODS Cross-sectional metabolic data from 438 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder was analyzed. Using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX(TM) platform, 27 SNPs of the IGF1 and IGF2 genes and the IGF receptors IGF1R and IGF2R were genotyped. Methylation status of seven IGF2 CpG dinucleotides was evaluated using a Sequenom MALDI-TOF spectrometer. RESULTS & CONCLUSION There was a significant association between IGF2 methylation and genotype, but no significant association between genetic or epigenetic variability and metabolic parameters in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Moons
- GRASP Research Unit, University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Duggan C, Xiao L, Terry MB, McTiernan A. No effect of weight loss on LINE-1 methylation levels in peripheral blood leukocytes from postmenopausal overweight women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:2091-6. [PMID: 24930817 PMCID: PMC4183146 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity and weight-loss are associated with methylation patterns in specific genes, but their effect on Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINE-1) methylation, a measure of global methylation is largely unknown. METHODS Three hundred overweight/obese post-menopausal women (50-75 years) were part of a completed, 1-year randomized controlled trial, comparing independent and combined effects of a reduced-calorie weight-loss diet, and exercise program, versus control. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes collected at baseline and 12-months, and LINE-1 methylation analyzed by pyrosequencing. Mean changes between groups using generalized estimating equations and examined effects of weight-loss on LINE-1 methylation using stratified analyses (gained weight/no weight-loss [N = 84]; <5% [N = 45]; 5%-10% [N = 45]; >10% of baseline weight-loss [N = 126]) within each arm, adjusted by blood cell counts were compared. Associations between LINE-1 methylation and previously measured biomarkers, and anthropometrics were also examined. RESULTS No significant difference in LINE-1 methylation levels was detected in any intervention group versus controls. The magnitude of weight-loss was not associated with LINE-1 methylation at 12-months. There were no associations between baseline characteristics of participants, or previously measured biomarkers, and LINE-1 methylation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that lifestyle changes sufficient to significantly reduce weight over 12-months may not change LINE-1 DNA methylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Duggan
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Liren Xiao
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Anne McTiernan
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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27
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Decreased global DNA methylation in the white blood cells of high fat diet fed vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:725-33. [PMID: 24943073 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are associated with the development of many chronic diseases and due to their reversible nature offer a unique window of opportunity to reverse the disease phenotype. This study investigated whether global DNA methylation correlates with dysglycemia in the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops). Diet-induced changes in DNA methylation were observed where global DNA methylation was twofold lower in monkeys fed a high fat diet (n = 10) compared to monkeys fed a standard diet (n = 15). An inverse correlation was observed between DNA methylation, blood glucose concentrations, bodyweight, and age, although the association was not statistically significant. Consumption of a high fat diet is associated with the development of metabolic disease; thus, these results suggest the use of global DNA methylation as a biomarker to assess the risk for metabolic disease. Moreover, this study provides further support for the use of the vervet monkey as a model system to study metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Integration of altered DNA methylation profiles into predictive models could facilitate risk stratification and enable intervention strategies to inhibit disease progression. Such interventions could include lifestyle modifications, for example, the increased consumption of functional foods with the capacity to modulate DNA methylation, thus potentially reversing the disease phenotype and preventing disease.
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28
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Jintaridth P, Tungtrongchitr R, Preutthipan S, Mutirangura A. Hypomethylation of Alu elements in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70386. [PMID: 23990903 PMCID: PMC3749148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A decrease in genomic methylation commonly occurs in aging cells; however, whether this epigenetic modification leads to age-related phenotypes has not been evaluated. Alu elements are the major interspersed repetitive DNA elements in humans that lose DNA methylation in aging individuals. Alu demethylation in blood cells starts at approximately 40 years of age, and the degree of Alu hypomethylation increases with age. Bone mass is lost with aging, particularly in menopausal women with lower body mass. Consequently, osteoporosis is commonly found in thin postmenopausal women. Here, we correlated the Alu methylation level of blood cells with bone density in 323 postmenopausal women. Alu hypomethylation was associated with advanced age and lower bone mass density, (P<0.05). The association between the Alu methylation level and bone mass was independent of age, body mass, and body fat, with an odds ratio [1] = 0.4316 (0.2087-0.8927). Individuals of the same age with osteopenia, osteoporosis, and a high body mass index have lower Alu methylation levels (P = 0.0005, 0.003, and ≤0.0001, respectively). Finally, when comparing individuals with the same age and body mass, Alu hypomethylation was observed in individuals with lower bone mass (P<0.0001). In conclusion, there are positive correlations between Alu hypomethylation in blood cells and several age-related phenotypes in bone and body fat. Therefore, reduced global methylation may play a role in the systemic senescence process. Further evaluation of Alu hypomethylation may clarify the epigenetic regulation of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornrutsami Jintaridth
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungsunn Tungtrongchitr
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sangchai Preutthipan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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