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Razak S, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alam I, Jahan S. Retraction Note: Growth inhibition and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells induced by vitamin D-Nanoemulsion (NVD): involvement of Wnt/β-catenin and other signal transduction pathways. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:77. [PMID: 38851768 PMCID: PMC11162563 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Lin X, Dong Y, Gu Y, Wei F, Peng J, Su Y, Wang Y, Yang C, Neira SV, Kapoor A, Tang D. Taxifolin Inhibits the Growth of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer via Downregulating Genes Displaying Novel and Robust Associations with Immune Evasion Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4818. [PMID: 37835514 PMCID: PMC10571863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Using an LL2 cell-based syngeneic mouse LC model, taxifolin suppressed allografts along with the appearance of 578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were associated with enhancement of processes related to the extracellular matrix and lymphocyte chemotaxis as well as the reduction in pathways relevant to cell proliferation. From these DEGs, we formulated 12-gene (TxflSig) and 7-gene (TxflSig1) panels; both predicted response to ICB (immune checkpoint blockade) therapy more effectively in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than numerous well-established ICB biomarkers, including PD-L1. In both panels, the mouse counterparts of ITGAL, ITGAX, and TMEM119 genes were downregulated by taxifolin. They were strongly associated with immune suppression in LC, evidenced by their robust correlations with the major immunosuppressive cell types (MDSC, Treg, and macrophage) and multiple immune checkpoints in NSCLC and across multiple human cancer types. ITGAL, ITGAX, and IIT (ITGAL-ITGAX-TMEM119) effectively predicted NSCLC's response to ICB therapy; IIT stratified the mortality risk of NSCLC. The stromal expressions of ITGAL and ITGAX, together with tumor expression of TMEM119 in NSCLC, were demonstrated. Collectively, we report multiple novel ICB biomarkers-TxflSig, TxflSig1, IIT, ITGAL, and ITGAX-and taxifolin-derived attenuation of immunosuppressive activities in NSCLC, suggesting the inclusion of taxifolin in ICB therapies for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518174, China;
| | - Jingyi Peng
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Jilin Jianwei Songkou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun 510664, China;
| | - Chengzhi Yang
- Benda International Inc., Ottawa, ON K1X 0C1, Canada;
| | - Sandra Vega Neira
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; (X.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (Y.S.); (S.V.N.); (A.K.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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Lin X, Dong Y, Gu Y, Kapoor A, Peng J, Su Y, Wei F, Wang Y, Yang C, Gill A, Neira SV, Tang D. Taxifolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Growth by Facilitating CD8+ T Cell Infiltration and Inducing a Novel Set of Genes including Potential Tumor Suppressor Genes in 1q21.3. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3203. [PMID: 37370814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin inhibits breast cancer (BC) via novel mechanisms. In a syngeneic mouse BC model, taxifolin suppressed 4T-1 cell-derived allografts. RNA-seq of 4T-1 tumors identified 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated by taxifolin. Among their human homologues, 19, 7, and 2 genes were downregulated in BCs, high-proliferative BCs, and BCs with high-fatality risks, respectively. Three genes were established as tumor suppressors and eight were novel to BC, including HNRN, KPRP, CRCT1, and FLG2. These four genes exhibit tumor suppressive actions and reside in 1q21.3, a locus amplified in 70% recurrent BCs, revealing a unique vulnerability of primary and recurrent BCs with 1q21.3 amplification with respect to taxifolin. Furthermore, the 36 DEGs formed a multiple gene panel (DEG36) that effectively stratified the fatality risk in luminal, HER2+, and triple-negative (TN) equivalent BCs in two large cohorts: the METABRIC and TCGA datasets. 4T-1 cells model human TNBC cells. The DEG36 most robustly predicted the poor prognosis of TNBCs and associated it with the infiltration of CD8+ T, NK, macrophages, and Th2 cells. Of note, taxifolin increased the CD8+ T cell content in 4T-1 tumors. The DEG36 is a novel and effective prognostic biomarker of BCs, particularly TNBCs, and can be used to assess the BC-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Jingyi Peng
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen 518174, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Jilin Jianwei Songkou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changchun 510664, China
| | - Chengzhi Yang
- Benda International INC., Ottawa, ON K1X 0C1, Canada
| | - Armaan Gill
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Sandra Vega Neira
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, St Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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Caamaño JN, Santiago-Moreno J, Martínez-Pastor F, Tamargo C, Salman A, Fernández Á, Merino MJ, Lacalle E, Toledano-Díaz A, Hidalgo CO. Use of the flavonoid taxifolin for sperm cryopreservation from the threatened Bermeya goat breed. Theriogenology 2023; 206:18-27. [PMID: 37172535 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Taxifolin is a plant flavonoid effective as an antioxidant. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding taxifolin to the semen extender during the cooling period before freezing on the overall post-thawing sperm variables of Bermeya goats. In the first experiment, a dose-response experiment was performed with four experimental groups: Control, 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml of taxifolin using semen from 8 Bermeya males. In the second experiment, semen from 7 Bermeya bucks was collected and extended at 20 °C using a Tris-citric acid-glucose medium supplemented with different concentrations of taxifolin and glutathione (GSH): control, 5 μM taxifolin, 1 mM GSH, and both antioxidants. In both experiments, two straws per buck were thawed in a water bath (37 °C, 30 s), pooled, and incubated at 38 °C. Motility (CASA) was assessed at 0, 2, and 5 h, and sperm physiology was assessed at 0 and 5 h by flow cytometry (viability, intact acrosome membrane, mitochondria membrane potential, capacitation, intracellular reactive oxygen species -ROS-, mitochondrial superoxide, and chromatin status). In experiment 2, an artificial insemination trial (AI) was included with 29 goats for testing the taxifolin 5-μM treatment on fertility. Data were analyzed with the R statistical environment using linear mixed-effects models. In experiment 1 and compared to the control, T10 increased progressive motility (P < 0.001) but taxifolin decreased total and progressive motility at higher concentrations (P < 0.001), both post-thawing and after the incubation. Viability decreased post-thawing in the three concentrations (P < 0.001). Cytoplasmic ROS decreased at 0 and 5 h at T10 (P = 0.049), and all doses decreased mitochondrial superoxide post-thawing (P = 0.024). In experiment 2, 5 μM taxifolin or 1 mM GSH (alone or combined) increased total and progressive motility vs. the control (P < 0.01), and taxifolin increased kinematic parameters such as VCL, ALH, and DNC (P < 0.05). Viability was not affected by taxifolin in this experiment. Both antioxidants did not significantly affect other sperm physiology parameters. The incubation significantly affected all the parameters (P < 0.004), overall decreasing sperm quality. Fertility after artificial insemination with doses supplemented with 5 μM taxifolin was 76.9% (10/13), not significantly different from the control group (69.2%, 9/13). In conclusion, taxifolin showed a lack of toxicity in the low micromolar range and could benefit goat semen cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Caamaño
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijón, Asturias, Spain.
| | | | - F Martínez-Pastor
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, León, Spain; Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - C Tamargo
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Salman
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Á Fernández
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - M J Merino
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - E Lacalle
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | | | - C O Hidalgo
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijón, Asturias, Spain
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Qazi S, Khanna K, Raza K. Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) has the potential to promote apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells: An in silico and in vitro study. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yang R, Yang X, Zhang F. New Perspectives of Taxifolin in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2097-2109. [PMID: 36740800 PMCID: PMC10556370 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230203101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by cognitive and motor dysfunctions and neurodegeneration. These diseases have become more severe over time and cannot be cured currently. Until now, most treatments for these diseases are only used to relieve the symptoms. Taxifolin (TAX), 3,5,7,3,4-pentahydroxy flavanone, also named dihydroquercetin, is a compound derived primarily from Douglas fir and Larix gemelini. TAX has been confirmed to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, and regulation of oxidative stress effects. In the central nervous system, TAX has been demonstrated to inhibit Aβ fibril formation, protect neurons and improve cerebral blood flow, cognitive ability, and dyskinesia. At present, TAX is only applied as a health additive in clinical practice. This review aimed to summarize the application of TAX in neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, preventing Aβ protein formation, maintaining dopamine levels, and thus reducing neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Olasehinde TA, Olaniran AO. Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of aqueous extracts from Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida on HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14498. [PMID: 36350831 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima (KP) and Ulva rigida (URL) extracts in the human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line model. HepG2 cells were cultured and grown in an incubator (5% CO2 ) at 37°C. Cell viability was determined, while the effect of the extracts on apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondria membrane potential, and antioxidant enzymes were also assessed. KP and URL induced cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells at the concentrations tested (0-1000 μg/ml). The morphological characteristics of the cells after treatment with KP and URL revealed cell shrinkage of the nucleus, cell injury, and damage compared to the control. The fluorescent micrographs from the apoptotic assay revealed induction of apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells after treatment with KP and URL (200 and 400 μg/ml). The extracts also induced ROS production and reduced mitochondria membrane potential in HepG2 cells. The apoptotic-inducing effects, activation of ROS generation, and disruption of antioxidant enzymes are associated with the cytotoxic effects of the seaweed extracts. KP and URL showed good anticancer properties and could be explored as a good source of nutraceuticals, food additives, and dietary supplements to prevent uncontrolled proliferation of HepG2 cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Seaweeds are reservoirs of nutrients and naturally occurring biologically active compounds, including sterols, phlorotannins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to the presence of these compounds, they are used as emulsifying agents, nutraceuticals, and additives in functional foods. Evidence suggests that seaweed bioactives may inhibit uncontrolled cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Hence, exploring the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida will provide insights into their anticancer potentials as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosin A Olasehinde
- Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Taxifolin and Lucidin as Potential E6 Protein Inhibitors: p53 Function Re-Establishment and Apoptosis Induction in Cervical Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122834. [PMID: 35740499 PMCID: PMC9221127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers continue to be a major medical concern, and there exists an urgent need to improve the current therapeutic approaches by combining strategies or proposing new compounds to offer more specific and less invasive treatments. The aim of this work was to discover potential inhibitors of the E6/E6AP/p53 complex formation. We started this work with an initial in silico approach including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, and these tools allowed us to select potential inhibitors, using E6 protein as a target. In addition, we found that lucidin and taxifolin were able to selectively decrease the viability of HPV-positive cells to re-establish p53 protein levels and to induce apoptosis. These findings represent a promising starting point for the development of anti-HPV drugs. Abstract Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in women worldwide, with 99% of cases associated with a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Given that HPV prophylactic vaccines do not exert a therapeutic effect in individuals previously infected, have low coverage of all HPV types, and have poor accessibility in developing countries, it is unlikely that HPV-associated cancers will be eradicated in the coming years. Therefore, there is an emerging need for the development of anti-HPV drugs. Considering HPV E6’s oncogenic role, this protein has been proposed as a relevant target for cancer treatment. In the present work, we employed in silico tools to discover potential E6 inhibitors, as well as biochemical and cellular assays to understand the action of selected compounds in HPV-positive cells (Caski and HeLa) vs. HPV-negative (C33A) and non-carcinogenic (NHEK) cell lines. In fact, by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we found three phenolic compounds able to dock in the E6AP binding pocket of the E6 protein. In particular, lucidin and taxifolin were able to inhibit E6-mediated p53 degradation, selectively reduce the viability, and induce apoptosis in HPV-positive cells. Altogether, our data can be relevant for discovering promising leads for the development of specific anti-HPV drugs.
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Aydin B, Arslan S, Bayraklı F, Karademir B, Arga KY. MicroRNA-Mediated Drug Repurposing Unveiled Potential Candidate Drugs for Prolactinoma Treatment. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:161-173. [PMID: 33706313 DOI: 10.1159/000515801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prolactinomas, also called lactotroph adenomas, are the most encountered type of hormone-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumors in the clinic. The preferred first-line therapy is a medical treatment with dopamine agonists (DAs), mainly cabergoline, to reduce serum prolactin levels, tumor volume, and mass effect. However, in some cases, patients have displayed DA resistance with aggressive tumor behavior or are faced with recurrence after drug withdrawal. Also, currently used therapeutics have notorious side effects and impair the life quality of the patients. METHODS Since the amalgamation of clinical and laboratory data besides tumor histopathogenesis and transcriptional regulatory features of the tumor emerges to exhibit essential roles in the behavior and progression of prolactinomas; in this work, we integrated mRNA- and microRNA (miRNA)-level transcriptome data that exploit disease-specific signatures in addition to biological and pharmacological data to elucidate a rational prioritization of pathways and drugs in prolactinoma. RESULTS We identified 8 drug candidates through drug repurposing based on mRNA-miRNA-level data integration and evaluated their potential through in vitro assays in the MMQ cell line. Seven repurposed drugs including 5-fluorocytosine, nortriptyline, neratinib, puromycin, taxifolin, vorinostat, and zileuton were proposed as potential drug candidates for the treatment of prolactinoma. We further hypothesized possible mechanisms of drug action on MMQ cell viability through analyzing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and cell cycle arrest via flow cytometry and Western blotting. DISCUSSION We presented the transcriptomic landscape of prolactinoma through miRNA and mRNA-level data integration and proposed repurposed drug candidates based on this integration. We validated our findings through testing cell viability, cell cycle phases, and PI3K/Akt protein expressions. Effects of the drugs on cell cycle phases and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway by all drugs gave us promising output for further studies using these drugs in the treatment of prolactinoma. This is the first study that reports miRNA-mediated repurposed drugs for prolactinoma treatment via in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Aydin
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Arslan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Bayraklı
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Das A, Baidya R, Chakraborty T, Samanta AK, Roy S. Pharmacological basis and new insights of taxifolin: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112004. [PMID: 34388527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological characteristics of phytochemicals have prompted a lot of interest in their application in disease management. Due to the high incidence of cancer related mortality and morbidity throughout the world; experiments have concentrated on identifying the anticancer potential of natural substances. Many phytochemicals such as flavonoids and their derivatives produced from food offer a variety of new anti-cancer agents which prevent the cancer progression. Taxifolin, a unique bioactive flavonoid, is a dietary component that has grabbed the interest of dietitians and medicinal chemists due to its wide range of health benefits. It is a powerful antioxidant with a well-documented effect in the prevention of several malignancies in humans. Taxifolin has shown promising inhibitory activity against inflammation, malignancies, microbial infection, oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease. Anti-cancer activity has been shown to be relatively significant than other activities investigated in vitro and in vivo with a little or no side effects to the normal healthy cells. In summary this review offers the synopsis of recent breakthroughs in the use of taxifolin as a cancer treatment, as well as mechanisms of action. However, to develop a medicine for human usage, more study on pharmacokinetic profile, profound molecular mechanisms, and drug safety criteria should be conducted utilizing well-designed randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Das
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus-Kolkata, 124 B.L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratna Baidya
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus-Kolkata, 124 B.L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
| | - Tania Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus-Kolkata, 124 B.L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
| | - Akash Kumar Samanta
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus-Kolkata, 124 B.L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus-Kolkata, 124 B.L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Hussain Y, Luqman S, Meena A. Research Progress in Flavonoids as Potential Anticancer Drug Including Synergy with Other Approaches. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1791-1809. [PMID: 32357817 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200502005411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chemotherapy for cancer, conventional drugs aim to target the rapidly growing and dividing cells at the early stages. However, at an advanced stage, cancer cells become less susceptible because of the multidrug resistance and the recruitment of alternative salvage pathways for their survival. Besides, owing to target non-selectivity, healthy proliferating cells also become vulnerable to the damage. The combination therapies offered using flavonoids to cure cancer not only exert an additive effect against cancer cells by targetting supplementary cell carnage pathways but also hampers the drug resistance mechanisms. Thus, the review aims to discuss the potential and pharmacokinetic limitations of flavonoids in cancer treatment. Further successful synergistic studies reported using flavonoids to treat cancer has been described along with potential drug delivery systems. METHODS A literature search was done by exploring various online databases like Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar with the specific keywords like "Anticancer drugs", "flavonoids", "oncology research", and "pharmacokinetics". RESULTS Dietary phytochemicals, mainly flavonoids, hinder cell signalling responsible for multidrug resistance and cancer progression, primarily targeting cancer cells sparing normal cells. Such properties establish flavonoids as a potential candidate for synergistic therapy. However, due to low absorption and high metabolism rates, the bioavailability of flavonoids becomes a challenge. Such challenges may be overcome using novel approaches like derivatization, and single or co-delivery nano-complexes of flavonoids with conventional drugs. These new approaches may improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review highlights the application of flavonoids as a potential anticancer phytochemical class in combination with known anti-cancer drugs/nanoparticles. It also discusses flavonoid's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics issues and ways to overcome such issues. Moreover, it covers successful methodologies employed to establish flavonoids as a safe and effective phytochemical class for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Hussain
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhan ZY, Wu M, Shang Y, Jiang M, Liu J, Qiao CY, Ye H, Lin YC, Piao MH, Sun RH, Zhang ZH, Jiao JY, Wu YL, Nan JX, Lian LH. Taxifolin ameliorate high-fat-diet feeding plus acute ethanol binge-induced steatohepatitis through inhibiting inflammatory caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Food Funct 2020; 12:362-372. [PMID: 33325949 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02653k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol drinking and a high-fat diet (HFD) promote steatohepatitis in the comorbidity of NAFLD and AFLD. Taxifolin (TAX) is a rich dihydroxyflavone compound found in onions, milk thistle and Douglas fir. We aimed to explore the intervention mechanism of TAX on chronic steatohepatitis induced by HFD feeding plus acute ethanol binge. We established an in vivo model by HFD feeding plus a single dose of ethanol binge, and established an in vitro model by oleic acid or palmitic acid on HepG2 cells to induce lipid accumulation. TAX regulated lipid synthesis by inhibiting the expression of SREBP1 and upregulating the PPARγ level. In addition, TAX inhibited the expression of P2X7R, IL-1β, and caspase-1. Moreover, TAX reduced the expression of caspase-1 activation; thereby inhibiting the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils. TAX also improved the inflammatory response caused by caspase-1 activation in steatotic hepatocytes. TAX exhibited an inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation and caspase-1-related pyroptosis. Collectively, TAX has therapeutic potential as an intervention of steatohepatitis induced by alcohol combined with HFD and for preventing non-alcoholic fatty liver degeneration targeting caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ying Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Chun-Ying Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Yong-Ce Lin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Mei-Hua Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Rong-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Jing-Ya Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China and Clinical Research Centre, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China. and Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
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Kalló G, Kunkli B, Győri Z, Szilvássy Z, Csősz É, Tőzsér J. Compounds with Antiviral, Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Activity Identified in Wine from Hungary's Tokaj Region via High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Bioinformatics Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9547. [PMID: 33334025 PMCID: PMC7765363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Wine contains a variety of molecules with potential beneficial effects on human health. Our aim was to examine the wine components with high-resolution mass spectrometry including high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry in two wine types made from grapes with or without the fungus Botrytis cinerea, or "noble rot". (2) For LC-MS/MS analysis, 12 wine samples (7 without and 5 with noble rotting) from 4 different wineries were used and wine components were identified and quantified. (3) Results: 288 molecules were identified in the wines and the amount of 169 molecules was statistically significantly different between the two wine types. A database search was carried out to find the molecules, which were examined in functional studies so far, with high emphasis on molecules with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. (4) Conclusions: A comprehensive functional dataset related to identified wine components is also provided highlighting the importance of components with potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Kalló
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kunkli
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Győri
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 128, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Tőzsér
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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14
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Akagunduz B, Ozer M, Ozcıcek F, Kara AV, Lacın S, Özkaraca M, Çoban A, Suleyman B, Mammadov R, Suleyman H. Protective effects of taxifolin on pazopanib-induced liver toxicity: an experimental rat model. Exp Anim 2020; 70:169-176. [PMID: 33239495 PMCID: PMC8150244 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is generally used for the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer and advanced soft tissue sarcoma. It can cause various degrees of hepatotoxicity. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of taxifolin on pazopanib-induced liver toxicity. A total of 18 rats were divided into three groups: the pazopanib (PP), pazopanib plus taxifolin (TPP), and control (C) group. Taxifolin was administered to the TPP (n=6) group with a dose of 50 mg/kg. Distilled water was orally admnistered to the C (n=6) and PP (n=6) groups as a solvent. Subsequently, pazopanib 200 mg/kg was administered to the TPP and PP groups via the stomach. This procedure was repeated once a day for four weeks. Then, all rats were sacrificed, and their livers were removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were evaluated. MDA and TOS levels were higher in the PP group compared with the levels of the other parameters (P<0.001). tGSH and TAS levels were lower in the PP group than in the TPP and C groups (P<0.001), and the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were higher. Furthermore, liver tissue damage, including hemorrhage, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis was observed in the PP group. Administration of taxifolin before pazopanib significantly improved degenerative changes. Our study demonstrated that the administration of taxifolin is significantly effective in preventing pazopanib-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baran Akagunduz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Ozer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Capital Health Regional Medical Center, 750 Brunswich Avenue, 08638, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Fatih Ozcıcek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ali Veysel Kara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Sahin Lacın
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, 326 Atasehir, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 12 Yakutiye Avenue, 25000, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Çoban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Fatih Street #124, 24030, Erzincan, Turkey
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15
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Antigenotoxic Effects of Biochaga and Dihydroquercetin (Taxifolin) on H 2O 2-Induced DNA Damage in Human Whole Blood Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5039372. [PMID: 31814882 PMCID: PMC6878777 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5039372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of natural products have long been recognized. Consumption of dietary compounds such as supplements provides an alternative source of natural products to those obtained from the diet. There is a growing concern regarding the possible side effects of using different food supplements simultaneously, since their possible interactions are less known. For the first time, we have tested genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Biochaga, in combination with dihydroquercetin. No genotoxic effect on whole blood cells was observed within individual treatment of Biochaga (250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL) and dihydroquercetin (100 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL), nor in combination. Afterwards, antigenotoxic potency of both supplements against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced DNA damage to whole blood cells (WBC) was assessed, using the comet assay. Biochaga and dihydroquercetin displayed a strong potential to attenuate H2O2-induced damage on DNA in cells at all tested concentrations, with a statistical significance (p < 0.05), whereas Biochaga at the dose of 500 μg/mL in combination with dihydroquercetin 500 μg/mL was most prominent. Biochaga in combination with dihydroquercetin is able to protect genomic material from oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in vitro.
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16
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George TK, Devadasan D, Jisha MS. Chemotaxonomic profiling of Penicillium setosum using high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-Q-ToF-MS). Heliyon 2019; 5:e02484. [PMID: 31687578 PMCID: PMC6819834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, secondary metabolites produced by an endophytic fungus Penicillium setosum were extracted using colony agar plug and culture broth extraction methods. High resolution LC-MS was used to explore the chemical nature of the secondary metabolites, as well, compare the reliability of the methods. P. setosum was chemotaxonomically distinguished from other members of section Lanata-divaricata, by its ability to produce mycotoxin, patulin and also by the presence of certain phenol-derived compounds, like quercetin, dihydroflavonols (dihydroquercetin and dihydromyricetin), kaempferol, luteolin, while some Penicillium specific compounds such as, citromycetin and andrastin D reveal its similarity towards section Lanata-Divaricata members. For the first time, the presence of dihydroquercetin is remarkably and spectrometrically confirmed from a microbial source. In addition, a few polyketides, anthroquinone compounds, hydrocarbons, and fatty acids were also detected in the culture extract. Being the first report on the production of polyphenolic compounds by an endophytic fungus of Penicillium species, the current research is crucial, and moreover the starin itself is a novel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijith K George
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Dineep Devadasan
- Inter University Instrumentation Centre, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | - M S Jisha
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
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17
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An HJ, Lee Y, Liu L, Lee S, Lee JD, Yi Y. Physical and Chemical Stability of Formulations Loaded with Taxifolin Tetra-octanoate. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:985-991. [PMID: 31270295 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemically stable ester derivatives of taxifolin have become a focus of interest for their role in the satisfactory effects on human health. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical stability of different formulations containing 0.02% taxifolin tetra-octanoate, which was proved to possess higher inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity compared with taxifolin in a cell-free system. In the studies of physical stability, a Brookfield viscometer was used to determine rheological behavior of formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate, and a portable pH meter was used to determine pH change. Moreover, chemical stability was determined by HPLC with UV detection. Formulations were evaluated for 12 weeks stored at 25 and 40°C. Results showed that storage time had no significant influence on viscosity of the formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate, and pH value was relatively stable, which was within the limits of normal skin pH range. In the chemical stability studies, taxifolin tetra-octanoate in the essence formulation was most unstable at 40°C with about 81% degradation in 12 weeks of storage, however, the percentage of remaining taxifolin tetra-octanoate in cream formulation stored for 12 weeks at 25°C was the highest, about 93%. The results in this study may contribute to the development of more stable formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonghwa Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
| | - Lichao Liu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Seulbi Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
| | | | - Yongsub Yi
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
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18
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Branco CS, Duong A, Machado AK, Scola G, Andreazza AC, Salvador M. Modulation of Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Targets by Polyphenols-rich Extract from Araucaria angustifolia in Larynx Carcinoma. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:130-139. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666180816142821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Araucaria angustifolia extract (AAE) is a polyphenol-rich extract that has gained interest
as a natural anticancer agent. Recent work suggests that AAE induces oxidative damage and apoptosis through its
action on decreasing complex I activity of the mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC).
Aims and Methods:
In the present study, we aimed to further examine the specific targets by which AAE exerts proapoptotic
effects in HEp-2 cancer cells. Specifically, the effect of AAE on the: 1) levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase
was assessed by ELISA assay; 2) levels of mitochondrial ETC complexes, focusing on complex I at the gene transcript
and protein level relevant to ROS generation was evaluated by multiplex ELISA followed by qRT-PCR and
immunoblotting; 3) mitochondrial network distribution analysis was assessed by MitoTracker Red CMXRos; and 4)
chemical variations on DNA was evaluated by dot-blotting in HEp-2 cells.
Results:
Results demonstrated that AAE increased protein levels of PDH, switching energy metabolism to oxidative
metabolism. Protein expression levels of complex I and III were found decreased in AAE-treated HEp-2 cells.
Analyzing the subunits of complex I, changes in protein and gene transcript levels of NDUFS7 and NDUFV2 were
found. Mitochondria staining after AAE incubation revealed changes in the mitochondrial network distribution. AAE
was able to induce DNA hypomethylation and decreased DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 activity.
Conclusion:
Our data demonstrate for the first time that AAE alters expression of NDUFS7 and NDUFV2
mitochondrial subunits and induce epigenetic changes in HEp-2 cancer cells leading to a possible suppression of
oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia S. Branco
- University of Caxias do Sul-Institute of Biotechnology Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Duong
- University of Toronto-Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alencar K. Machado
- Federal University of Santa Maria-Department of Biogenomics Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Scola
- University of Toronto-Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C. Andreazza
- University of Toronto-Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mirian Salvador
- University of Caxias do Sul-Institute of Biotechnology Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
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19
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Chen HJ, Chung YL, Li CY, Chang YT, Wang CCN, Lee HY, Lin HY, Hung CC. Taxifolin Resensitizes Multidrug Resistance Cancer Cells via Uncompetitive Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein Function. Molecules 2018; 23:E3055. [PMID: 30469543 PMCID: PMC6321030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) effluxes lots of chemotherapeutic agents and leads to multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer treatments. The development of P-gp inhibitors from natural products provide a potential strategy for the beneficial clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the natural flavonoid taxifolin, luteolin, (-)-gallocatechin, and (-)-catechin on human P-gp activity. The kinetic interactions and underlying mechanisms of taxifolin-mediated transporter inhibition were further investigated. The transporter inhibition ability was evaluated in human P-gp stable expression cells (ABCB1/Flp-InTM-293) by calcein-AM uptake assays. The kinetics study for P-gp inhibition was evaluated by doxorubicin and rhodamine123 efflux assays. The MDR reversal ability of taxifolin were performed by SRB assays to detect the cell viability in sensitive cancer cell line (HeLaS3), and resistant cancer cell line (KB-vin). Cell cycle analysis and ABCB1 real-time RT-PCR were used for mechanical exploration. The results demonstrated that taxifolin decreased ABCB1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. The function of P-gp was inhibited by taxifolin through uncompetitive inhibition of rhodamine 123 and doxorubicin efflux. The combination of taxifolin significantly resensitized MDR cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. These results suggested that taxifolin may be considered as a potential P-gp modulator for synergistic treatment of MDR cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Lung Chung
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Health Care System, 542, Sec 1, Chung-shan Rd., Changhua 500, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No.6, Lugong Rd., Lugang Town, Changhua 505, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ying Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, 542, Sec 1, Chung-shan Rd., Changhua 500, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No.6, Lugong Rd. Lugang Town, Changhua 505, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Tzu Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Charles C N Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Yen Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei City 110, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Chuan Hung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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Razak S, Afsar T, Ullah A, Almajwal A, Alkholief M, Alshamsan A, Jahan S. Taxifolin, a natural flavonoid interacts with cell cycle regulators causes cell cycle arrest and causes tumor regression by activating Wnt/ β -catenin signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1043. [PMID: 30367624 PMCID: PMC6204009 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New approaches for the prevention of colon cancer perseveres an essential necessity. Though, resistance to existing chemo-preventive drugs is moderately predominant in colon carcinogenesis. Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) is a flavononol, have shown virile biological activities against few cancers. The current study was designed to investigate and equate antitumor activity of Taxifolin (TAX) in colorectal cancer cell lines and in HCT116 xenograft model in a comprehensive approach. Methods Two human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29, were used. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide (MMT) protocol was performed to elucidate the impact of TAX and β- catenin inhibitor (FH535) on the viability of HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. Apoptosis /cell cycle assay was performed. Data interpretation was done with a FACScan (Becton Dickinson, NJ). About 1 × 104 cells per sample were harvested. Histograms of DNA were analyzed with ModiFitLT software (verity Software House, ME, USA). Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed for protein and gene expression respectively in in vitro and in vivo. Results We found that TAX induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cells in a dose-dependent manner and time dependent approach. Further, our data validated that administration of TAX to human colorectal cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells resulted in cell growth arrest, variation in molecules controlling cell cycle operative in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis in a concentration dependent approach. Further our results concluded that TAX administration decreases expression of β-catenin gene, AKT gene and Survivin gene and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our findings proposed that targeting β-catenin gene may encourage the alterations of cell cycle and cell cycle regulators. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway possibly takes part in the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer cells through regulating cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle regulators. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4959-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. .,Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Alkholief
- Nanomedicine research unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Nanomedicine research unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Liang HX, Lu SS, Yan Z, Kuang YP, Zhu XX, Yan ZG, Du T, Chai WR, Long H, Lyu QF. Andrographolide disrupts meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation and decreases the fertilisation potential of mouse oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:2336-2344. [PMID: 28420479 DOI: 10.1071/rd16343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide (AG) is a diterpenoid lactone isolated from the stem and leaves of Andrographis paniculata Nees that is used for the effective treatment of infectious diseases in Asian countries. Previous studies have reported adverse effects of AG on female fertility in rodents; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of AG on the IVM of mouse oocytes and their fertilisation potential. Immature oocytes incubated for 6, 14 or 24h in medium containing 5, 10 or 20μM AG showed time- and dose-dependent decreases in maturation rates compared with the control group. Immunostaining revealed that AG exposure disrupted spindle organisation and migration, as well as actin cap formation and cytokinesis. Furthermore, most oocytes exposed to 20μM AG underwent apoptosis, and the few oocytes exposed to 5 or 10μM AG that reached MII exhibited lower fertilisation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The findings of the present study suggest that AG may disrupt mouse oocyte meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation, and may thus have an adverse effect on female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Sheng-Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Kuang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xiang-Xing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guang Yan
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Tong Du
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Wei-Ran Chai
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Qi-Feng Lyu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
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Li X, Xie H, Jiang Q, Wei G, Lin L, Li C, Ou X, Yang L, Xie Y, Fu Z, Liu Y, Chen D. The mechanism of (+) taxifolin's protective antioxidant effect for •OH-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:31. [PMID: 29299033 PMCID: PMC5745628 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural dihydroflavonol (+) taxifolin was investigated for its protective effect on Fenton reagent-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs). Various antioxidant assays were used to determine the possible mechanism. These included •OH-scavenging, 2-phenyl-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide radical-scavenging (PTIO•-scavenging), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl radical-scavenging (DPPH•-scavenging), 2, 2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-scavenging (ABTS+•-scavenging), Fe3+-reducing, and Cu2+-reducing assays. The Fe2+-binding reaction was also investigated using UV-Vis spectra. The results revealed that cell viability was fully restored, even increasing to 142.9 ± 9.3% after treatment with (+) taxifolin. In the antioxidant assays, (+) taxifolin was observed to efficiently scavenge •OH, DPPH• and ABTS+• radicals, and to increase the relative Cu2+- and Fe3+-reducing levels. In the PTIO•-scavenging assay, its IC50 values varied with pH. In the Fe2+-binding reaction, (+) taxifolin was found to yield a green solution with two UV-Vis absorbance peaks: λmax = 433 nm (ε =5.2 × 102 L mol−1 cm −1) and λmax = 721 nm (ε = 5.1 × 102 L mol−1 cm −1). These results indicate that (+) taxifolin can act as an effective •OH-scavenger, protecting bmMSCs from •OH-induced damage. Its •OH-scavenging action consists of direct and indirect antioxidant effects. Direct antioxidation occurs via multiple pathways, including ET, PCET or HAT. Indirect antioxidation involves binding to Fe2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Hong Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lishan Lin
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Changying Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Xingmei Ou
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lichan Yang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yulu Xie
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Innovative Research & Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Zhen Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Plant flavonoid taxifolin inhibits the growth, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3239-3245. [PMID: 29257319 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of the natural plant flavonoid, taxifolin, on human osteosarcoma cancer cells. Taxifolin was demonstrated to exhibit anti‑cancer effects on U2OS and Saos‑2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Treatment of cells with taxifolin inhibited proliferation and diminished colony formation in soft agar in a dose‑dependent manner. In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of taxifolin in nude mice bearing U2OS xenograft tumors, significantly inhibited tumor growth. In addition, taxifolin treatment was demonstrated to promote G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in U2OS and Saos‑2 cell lines, as demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that taxifolin treatment was associated with a reduction in the expression levels of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT), phosphorylated (p‑Ser473) AKT, v‑myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c‑myc) and S‑phase kinase associated protein 2 (SKP‑2) in U2OS and Saos‑2 cell lines. Overexpression of AKT considerably reversed the taxifolin‑induced decrease in AKT, c‑myc and SKP‑2 protein expression and the decrease in AKT phosphorylation, suggesting that inactivation of AKT was a mediator of taxifolin‑induced inhibition of c‑myc and SKP‑2. Furthermore, overexpression of SKP‑2 in U2OS cells partially reversed the growth inhibition mediated by taxifolin. Finally, taxifolin treatment repressed cell migration and invasion in U2OS cells and this effect was markedly reversed by SKP‑2 overexpression. The results of the present study indicate that taxifolin may present a potential novel therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Comparison of the polyphenolic profile and antibacterial activity of the leaves, fruits and flowers of Rhododendron ambiguum and Rhododendron cinnabarinum. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:297. [PMID: 28728600 PMCID: PMC5520227 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rhododendron species have been traditionally used in countries like China, Nepal, Russia and North America for treating human diseases. These species are known to be a good source of polyphenolic plant secondary plant metabolites. They are known to have beneficial health properties for humans and have been used to treat diseases like asthma, skin diseases. In this contribution we investigate the phenolic profile and antibacterial activity of extracts from several plant organs including for the first time from leaves of different development stages. Methods In this study, the polyphenolic profile of fruits, flowers and leaves of different ages of Rhododendron ambiguum and Rhododendron cinnabarinum were studied by using HPLC–MS and compounds identified based on high resolution masses and identity of tandem mass spectra, UV/VIS spectra and retention times if compared to standards. Results Fifty-nine different polyphenols including isomers were identified in these species by their fragmentation pattern and high resolution data. Also, the antibacterial activity of these parts (leaves, fruits and flowers) against gram-positive bacteria was studied. Conclusion The leaves and fruits contained more polyphenols than the flowers. With the exception of flowers, the fruits and leaves of both species were also determined to have a significant antibacterial effect against four gram-positive bacteria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2601-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Taxifolin synergizes Andrographolide-induced cell death by attenuation of autophagy and augmentation of caspase dependent and independent cell death in HeLa cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171325. [PMID: 28182713 PMCID: PMC5300218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide (Andro) has emerged recently as a potential and effective anticancer agent with induction of apoptosis in some cancer cell lines while induction of G2/M arrest with weak apoptosis in others. Few studies have proved that Andro is also effective in combination therapy. The flavonoid Taxifolin (Taxi) has showed anti-oxidant and antiproliferative effects against different cancer cells. Therefore, the present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of Andro alone or in combination with Taxi on HeLa cells. The combination of Andro with Taxi was synergistic at all tested concentrations and combination ratios. Andro alone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis which was enhanced by the combination with Taxi and attenuated partly by using Z-Vad-Fmk. Andro induced a protective reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent autophagy which was attenuated by Taxi. The activation of p53 was involved in Andro-induced autophagy where the use of Taxi or pifithrin-α (PFT-α) decreased it while the activation of JNK was involved in the cell death of HeLa cells but not in the induction of autophagy. The mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) plays an important role in Andro-induced cell death in HeLa cells. Andro alone increased the MOMP which was further increased in the case of combination. This led to the increase in AIF and cytochrome c release from mitochondria which consequently increased caspase-dependent and independent cell death. In conclusion, Andro induced a protective autophagy in HeLa cells which was reduced by Taxi and the cell death was increased by increasing the MOMP and subsequently the caspase-dependent and independent cell death.
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Hu XQ, Sun Y, Lau E, Zhao M, Su SB. Advances in Synergistic Combinations of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2016; 16:346-56. [PMID: 26638885 PMCID: PMC5425653 DOI: 10.2174/1568009616666151207105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The complex pathology of cancer development requires correspondingly complex treatments. The traditional application of individual single-target drugs fails to sufficiently treat cancer with durable therapeutic effects and tolerable adverse events. Therefore, synergistic combinations of drugs represent a promising way to enhance efficacy, overcome toxicity and optimize safety. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) have long been used as such synergistic combinations. Therefore, we summarized the synergistic combinations of CHMs used in the treatment of cancer and their roles in chemotherapy in terms of enhancing efficacy, reducing side effects, immune modulation, as well as abrogating drug resistance. Our conclusions support the development of further science-based holistic modalities for cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shi-Bing Su
- Department of Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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You MK, Kim MS, Jeong KS, Kim E, Kim YJ, Kim HA. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaf extract inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231 tumors in nude mouse xenografts and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Nutr Res Pract 2016; 10:139-47. [PMID: 27087896 PMCID: PMC4819123 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to examine the inhibitory effect of loquat leaves on MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and invasion. MATERIALS/METHODS Female athymic nude mice were given a subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells and randomly grouped to receive a s.c. injection of either 500 mg/kg ethanol, water extract or vehicle five times a week. Tumor growth, mitotic rate and necrosis were examined. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured with DMSO or with various concentrations of loquat water or ethanol extract. Proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were examined. RESULTS Tumor growth of xenograft nude mouse was significantly reduced by loquat extracts. The results of mitotic examination revealed that loquat extracts reduced tumor cell division. Both ethanol and water extracts significantly inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. The protein expression of ErbB3 was significantly down-regulated by loquat leaf extracts. Loquat leaf extracts increased apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells following 24 hour incubation and the ethanol extract was more potent in inducing apoptosis than the water extract. Furthermore, loquat extracts inhibited adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. MMP activity was significantly inhibited by loquat extracts. CONCLUSION Our results show that extracts of loquat inhibit the growth of tumor in MDA-MB-231 xenograft nude mice and the invasion of human breast cancer cells, indicating the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition / Research Institute of Human Ecology, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Min-Sook Kim
- Hisol, 247-9, Baraebong-gil, Unbong-eup, Namwon-si, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Eun Kim
- Korea INSpharm Research institute, 1065 Daepo-ri, Dong-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58143, Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Kim
- Korea INSpharm Research institute, 1065 Daepo-ri, Dong-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam 58143, Korea
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition / Research Institute of Human Ecology, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
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Hahm SW, Park J, Oh SY, Lee CW, Park KY, Kim H, Son YS. Anticancer properties of extracts from Opuntia humifusa against human cervical carcinoma cells. J Med Food 2015; 18:31-44. [PMID: 25379883 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we found that the total polyphenol and ascorbic acid levels in the fruit of Opuntia humifusa are higher than those in other parts of the plant. We further hypothesized that antioxidants in O. humifusa might affect the growth or survival of cancer cells. Hexane extracts of seeds and ethyl acetate extracts of fruits and stems significantly suppressed the proliferation of HeLa cervical carcinoma cells, but did not affect the proliferation of normal human BJ fibroblasts. Additionally, the extracts of O. humifusa induced G1 phase arrest in HeLa cells. The O. humifusa extracts reduced the levels of G1 phase-associated cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), and phosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins. Moreover, p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53 expression significantly increased after treatment. We examined the effects of ethyl acetate extracts of O. humifusa fruit (OHF) on HeLa cells xenograft tumor growth. OHF treatment significantly reduced tumor volume and this decrease was correlated with decreased Cdk4 and cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, flavonoids, trans Taxifolin, and dihydrokaempferol, were isolated from OHF. Thus, this extract may be a promising candidate for treating human cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahng-Wook Hahm
- 1 Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
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Garg A, Agrawal L, Misra RC, Sharma S, Ghosh S. Andrographis paniculata transcriptome provides molecular insights into tissue-specific accumulation of medicinal diterpenes. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:659. [PMID: 26328761 PMCID: PMC4557604 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) has been widely exploited in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases and health disorders. Ent-labdane-related diterpene (ent-LRD) specialized (i.e., secondary) metabolites of kalmegh such as andrographolide, neoandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, are known for variety of pharmacological activities. However, due to the lack of genomic and transcriptomic information, underlying molecular basis of ent-LRDs biosynthesis has remained largely unknown. To identify candidate genes of the ent-LRD biosynthetic pathway, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis using leaf and root tissues that differentially accumulate ent-LRDs. Results De novo assembly of Illumina HiSeq2000 platform-generated paired-end sequencing reads resulted into 69,011 leaf and 64,244 root transcripts which were assembled into a total of 84,628 unique transcripts. Annotation of these transcripts to the Uniprot, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZy) databases identified candidate transcripts of the ent-LRD biosynthetic pathway. These included transcripts that encode enzymes of the plastidial 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway which provides C5 isoprenoid precursors for the ent-LRDs biosynthesis, geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, class II diterpene synthase (diTPS), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and glycosyltransferase. Three class II diTPSs (ApCPS1, ApCPS2 and ApCPS3) that showed distinct tissue-specific expression profiles and are phylogenetically related to the dicotyledon ent-copalyl diphosphate synthases, are identified. ApCPS1, ApCPS2 and ApCPS3 encode for 832-, 817- and 797- amino acids proteins of 55–63 % identity, respectively. Spatio-temporal patterns of transcripts and ent-LRDs accumulation are consistent with the involvement of ApCPS1 in general (i.e., primary) metabolism for the biosynthesis of phytohormone gibberellin, ApCPS2 in leaf specialized ent-LRDs biosynthesis and ApCPS3 in root diterpene biosynthesis. Moreover, simple sequence repeats (SSRs) that might assist in genotyping and developing specific chemotypes were identified in transcripts of the specialized metabolic pathways, including ent-LRDs. Conclusions Comparative analysis of root and leaf transcriptomes disclosed novel genes of the ent-LRD biosynthetic pathway, including three class II diTPSs that showed discrete spatio-temporal expression patterns; thus, suggesting their participation into distinct diterpene metabolic pathways of kalmegh. Overall, these results will be useful in understanding molecular basis of the medicinal ent-LRDs biosynthesis and developing breeding strategies for improving their yields. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1864-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Lalit Agrawal
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India.
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Shubha Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Aromdee C. Andrographolide: progression in its modifications and applications - a patent review (2012 - 2014). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 24:1129-38. [PMID: 25231887 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.956084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extraction, isolation and modifications of andrographolide (Androg) is extensively investigated and patented. The prominent activities were vastly modified for anticancer and antivirals. Many products related to Androg are commercially available, thus the section 'Interaction of Androg and Andrographis paniculata dried extract with drugs' is included. AREAS COVERED The data in this review are searched and selected from SciFinder and Espacenet for the patents, with the keywords: Andrographolide and Andrographolide analogs, and the results were refined by the years. EXPERT OPINION Modifications of Androg have been done to nearly all of the possible sites, and now screening tests for any new activities had been settled down. Categorizing the analogs that have been developed is not clear cut since some diseases can develop into others, for example, inflammation and some viral infections can develop into cancer. Currently, investigation of the mode of action and the mechanisms at the molecular level are intensively ongoing. Producing new chemotherapeutic agents from Androg looks promising. The main problem of using Androg in therapeutic applications is its insolubility in aqueous media. Those modified analogs' esters, ethers or salts, have to be considered for the stability of pharmaceutical preparations, and transformation in biological fluids after administration. Further stages of drug development are required for those promising analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantana Aromdee
- Khon Kaen University, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 123 Mitraparp Rd, Muang, Khon Kaen, 40002 , Thailand +66 043 362095 ; +66 043 202379 ;
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Lin MC, Lin CF, Li CF, Sun DP, Wang LY, Hsing CH. Anesthetic propofol overdose causes vascular hyperpermeability by reducing endothelial glycocalyx and ATP production. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12092-107. [PMID: 26023717 PMCID: PMC4490431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged treatment with a large dose of propofol may cause diffuse cellular cytotoxicity; however, the detailed underlying mechanism remains unclear, particularly in vascular endothelial cells. Previous studies showed that a propofol overdose induces endothelial injury and vascular barrier dysfunction. Regarding the important role of endothelial glycocalyx on the maintenance of vascular barrier integrity, we therefore hypothesized that a propofol overdose-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction is caused by impaired endothelial glycocalyx. In vivo, we intraperitoneally injected ICR mice with overdosed propofol, and the results showed that a propofol overdose significantly induced systemic vascular hyperpermeability and reduced the expression of endothelial glycocalyx, syndecan-1, syndecan-4, perlecan mRNA and heparan sulfate (HS) in the vessels of multiple organs. In vitro, a propofol overdose reduced the expression of syndecan-1, syndecan-4, perlecan, glypican-1 mRNA and HS and induced significant decreases in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/NADH ratio and ATP concentrations in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Oligomycin treatment also induced significant decreases in the NAD+/NADH ratio, in ATP concentrations and in syndecan-4, perlecan and glypican-1 mRNA expression in HMEC-1 cells. These results demonstrate that a propofol overdose induces a partially ATP-dependent reduction of endothelial glycocalyx expression and consequently leads to vascular hyperpermeability due to the loss of endothelial barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, 201, Taikang, Taikang Village, Liuying District, Tainan 736, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 89, Wenhwa 1st Street, Rende District, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhonghua Road, Yongkang District, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhonghua Road, Yongkang District, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhonghua Road, Yongkang District, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhonghua Road, Yongkang District, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Development of an ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted method for the extraction and determination of taxifolin in different parts of Larix gmelinii. Molecules 2014; 19:19471-90. [PMID: 25429567 PMCID: PMC6271221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction method (ILMAE) was successfully applied for the extraction of taxifolin from Larix gmelinii. Different kinds of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with different kinds of cations and anions were studied and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was chosen as the optimal solvent for taxifolin extraction. The optimal conditions of ILMAE were determined by single factor experiments and Box-Behnken design as follows: [C4mim]Br concentration of 1.00 M, soaking time of 2 h, liquid-solid ratio of 15:1 mL/g, microwave irradiation power of 406 W, microwave irradiation time of 14 min. No degradation of taxifolin had been observed under the optimum conditions as evidenced from the stability studies performed with standard taxifolin. Compared with traditional solvent and methods, ILMAE provided higher extraction yield, lower energy and time consumption. The distribution of taxifolin in different parts of larch and the influences of age, orientation, and season on the accumulation of taxifolin were analyzed for the sufficient utilization of L. gmelinii.
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Hossain MM, Ray SK. EWS Knockdown and Taxifolin Treatment Induced Differentiation and Removed DNA Methylation from p53 Promoter to Promote Expression of Puma and Noxa for Apoptosis in Ewing's Sarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 5:1092-1113. [PMID: 27547487 PMCID: PMC4989871 DOI: 10.4236/jct.2014.512114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ewing’s sarcoma is a pediatric tumor that mainly occurs in soft tissues and bones. Malignant characteristics of Ewing’s sarcoma are correlated with expression of EWS oncogene. We achieved knockdown of EWS expression using a plasmid vector encoding EWS short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to increase anti-tumor mechanisms of taxifolin (TFL), a new flavonoid, in human Ewing’s sarcoma cells in culture and animal models. Immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometric analysis showed high expression of EWS in human Ewing’s sarcoma SK-N-MC and RD-ES cell lines. EWS shRNA plus TFL inhibited 80% cell viability and caused the highest decreases in EWS expression at mRNA and protein levels in both cell lines. Knockdown of EWS expression induced morphological features of differentiation. EWS shRNA plus TFL caused more alterations in molecular markers of differentiation than either agent alone. EWS shRNA plus TFL caused the highest decreases in cell migration with inhibition of survival, angiogenic and invasive factors. Knockdown of EWS expression was associated with removal of DNA methylation from p53 promoter, promoting expression of p53, Puma, and Noxa. EWS shRNA plus TFL induced the highest amounts of apoptosis with activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways in both cell lines in culture. EWS shRNA plus TFL also inhibited growth of Ewing’s sarcoma tumors in animal models due to inhibition of differentiation inhibitors and angiogenic and invasive factors and also induction of activation of caspase-3 for apoptosis. Collectively, knockdown of EWS expression increased various anti-tumor mechanisms of TFL in human Ewing’s sarcoma in cell culture and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Motarab Hossain
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Swapan Kumar Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
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Zu Y, Wu W, Zhao X, Li Y, Wang W, Zhong C, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Enhancement of solubility, antioxidant ability and bioavailability of taxifolin nanoparticles by liquid antisolvent precipitation technique. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:366-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Yang M, Al Zaharna M, Chen YS, Li L, Cheung HY. In vitro antioxidant activities and anti-proliferative properties of the functional herb Abrus cantoniensis and its main alkaloid abrine. Food Funct 2014; 5:2268-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Valdiani A, Talei D, Tan SG, Abdul Kadir M, Maziah M, Rafii MY, Sagineedu SR. A classical genetic solution to enhance the biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata Nees. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87034. [PMID: 24586262 PMCID: PMC3934858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolides, the diterpene lactones, are major bioactive phytochemicals which could be found in different parts of the medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata. A number of such compounds namely andrographolide (AG), neoandrographolide (NAG), and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG) have already attracted a great deal of attention due to their potential therapeutic effects in hard-to-treat diseases such as cancers and HIV. Recently, they have also been considered as substrates for the discovery of novel pharmaceutical compounds. Nevertheless, there is still a huge gap in knowledge on the genetic pattern of the biosynthesis of these bioactive compounds. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the genetic mechanisms controlling the biosynthesis of these phytochemicals using a diallel analysis. The high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the three andrographolides in 210 F1 progenies confirmed that the biosynthesis of these andrographolides was considerably increased via intraspecific hybridization. The results revealed high, moderate and low heterosis for DDAG, AG and NAG, respectively. Furthermore, the preponderance of non-additive gene actions was affirmed in the enhancement of the three andrographolides contents. The consequence of this type of gene action was the occurrence of high broad-sense and low narrow-sense heritabilities for the above mentioned andrographolides. The prevalence of non-additive gene action suggests the suitability of heterosis breeding and hybrid seed production as a preferred option to produce new plant varieties with higher andrographolide contents using the wild accessions of A. paniculata. Moreover, from an evolutionary point of view, the occurrence of population bottlenecks in the Malaysian accessions of A. paniculata was unveiled by observing a low level of additive genetic variance (VA) for all the andrographolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Valdiani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Daryush Talei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
- Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soon Guan Tan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Mihdzar Abdul Kadir
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Maziah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusop Rafii
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasa Rao Sagineedu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wei S, Tang YB, Hua H, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Wang LT, Lee KH, Xiao Z. Discovery of novel andrographolide derivatives as cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4056-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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