1
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Dötsch S, Svec M, Schober K, Hammel M, Wanisch A, Gökmen F, Jarosch S, Warmuth L, Barton J, Cicin-Sain L, D’Ippolito E, Busch DH. Long-term persistence and functionality of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells with genetically ablated PD-1 expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2200626120. [PMID: 36853939 PMCID: PMC10013756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200626120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Engagement of the inhibitory T cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) associates with dysfunctional states of pathogen- or tumor-specific T cells. Accordingly, systemic antibody-mediated blockade of PD-1 has become a central target for immunotherapies but is also associated with severe toxicities due to loss of peripheral tolerance. Therefore, selective ablation of PD-1 expression on adoptively transferred T cells through direct genetic knockout (KO) is currently being explored as an alternative therapeutic approach. However, since PD-1 might also be required for the regulation of physiological T cell function and differentiation, the suitability of PD-1 as an engineering target is controversial. In this study, we systematically investigated the maintenance of T cell functionality after CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PD-1 KO in vivo during and after acute and chronic antigen encounter. Under all tested conditions, PD-1 ablation preserved the persistence, differentiation, and memory formation of adoptively transferred receptor transgenic T cells. Functional PD-1 KO T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting CD19 could be robustly detected for over 390 d in a syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model, in which constant antigen exposure was provided by continuous B cell renewal, representing the longest in vivo follow-up of CAR-T cells described to date. PD-1 KO CAR-T cells showed no evidence for malignant transformation during the entire observation period. Our data demonstrate that genetic ablation of PD-1 does not impair functionality and longevity of adoptively transferred T cells per se and therefore may be pursued more generally in engineered T cell-based immunotherapy to overcome a central immunosuppressive axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dötsch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Mortimer Svec
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
- Mikrobiologisches Institut–Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossplatz 1, 91054Erlangen, Germany
| | - Monika Hammel
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wanisch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Füsun Gökmen
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Warmuth
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Jack Barton
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Luka Cicin-Sain
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124Braunschweig, Germany
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, a joint venture of Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Medical School Hannover, 38624Hannover, Germany
| | - Elvira D’Ippolito
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Deutschen Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81675Munich, Germany
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2
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Arana Y, Gálvez RI, Jacobs T. Role of the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and Potential Therapeutic Options. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866120. [PMID: 35812458 PMCID: PMC9260015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected chronic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). A significant portion of infected people develops cardiac or digestive alterations over a lifetime. Since several chronic infections associated with antigen persistence and inflammation have been shown to lead to T cell exhaustion, new therapies targeting co-inhibitory receptors to regain T cell activity are under consideration. This study explored immune therapeutic approaches targeting the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L pathway in an experimental model for CD. Infected PD-L1 knockout mice (PD-L1 KO) showed increased systemic parasitemia in blood although no significant differences in parasite load were observed in different organs. Furthermore, we found no significant differences in the frequency of activated T cells or proinflammatory cytokine production when compared to WT counterparts. PD-L1 deficiency led to the production of IL-10 by CD8+ T cells and an upregulation of Tim-3 and CD244 (2B4). Unexpectedly, the lack of PD-L1 did not contribute to a significantly improved T cell response to infection. Single blockade and combined blockade of PD-1 and Tim-3 using monoclonal antibodies confirmed the results observed in infected. PD-L1 KO mice. Our results describe for the first time that the interruption of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis during acute T. cruzi infection does not necessarily enhance the immune response against this parasite. Its interruption favors increased levels of parasitemia and sustained upregulation of other co-inhibitory receptors as well as the production of regulatory cytokines. These results suggest that the clinical application of immune therapeutic approaches targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CD might be risky and associated with adverse events. It highlights that more research is urgently needed to better understand the immune regulation of T cells in CD before designing immune therapeutic approaches for a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Perry JA, Shallberg L, Clark JT, Gullicksrud JA, DeLong JH, Douglas BB, Hart AP, Lanzar Z, O'Dea K, Konradt C, Park J, Kuchroo JR, Grubaugh D, Zaretsky AG, Brodsky IE, Malefyt RDW, Christian DA, Sharpe AH, Hunter CA. PD-L1-PD-1 interactions limit effector regulatory T cell populations at homeostasis and during infection. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:743-756. [PMID: 35437326 PMCID: PMC9106844 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic and transcriptional profiling of regulatory T (Treg) cells at homeostasis reveals that T cell receptor activation promotes Treg cells with an effector phenotype (eTreg) characterized by the production of interleukin-10 and expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1. At homeostasis, blockade of the PD-1 pathway results in enhanced eTreg cell activity, whereas during infection with Toxoplasma gondii, early interferon-γ upregulates myeloid cell expression of PD-L1 associated with reduced Treg cell populations. In infected mice, blockade of PD-L1, complete deletion of PD-1 or lineage-specific deletion of PD-1 in Treg cells prevents loss of eTreg cells. These interventions resulted in a reduced ratio of pathogen-specific effector T cells: eTreg cells and increased levels of interleukin-10 that mitigated the development of immunopathology, but which could compromise parasite control. Thus, eTreg cell expression of PD-1 acts as a sensor to rapidly tune the pool of eTreg cells at homeostasis and during inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Perry
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey Shallberg
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph T Clark
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jodi A Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan H DeLong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie B Douglas
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Hart
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Lanzar
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Keenan O'Dea
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christoph Konradt
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jeongho Park
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juhi R Kuchroo
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Grubaugh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Igor E Brodsky
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Darmani H. CMTM6 as a master regulator of PD-L1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2325-2340. [PMID: 35294592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), play critical roles in the pathology of chronic inflammatory pathological conditions, particularly cancer. In addition, the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is involved in mediating resistance to certain anti-cancer chemo- and immuno-therapeutics. Unfortunately, targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway by the available anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs can benefit only a small proportion of cancer patients. Thus, studying the factors that regulate the expression of these immune checkpoint proteins is of central importance in this context. Recent investigations have identified CMTM6 and, to a lesser extent, CMTM4, as master regulators of PD-L1 expression in various cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms by which such proteins upregulate the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells, and determining the potential regulators of CMTM6 expression in different types of cancers will accelerate the development of new therapeutic targets and/or lead to the enhancement of the currently available PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Homa Darmani
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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5
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Kalia V, Yuzefpolskiy Y, Vegaraju A, Xiao H, Baumann F, Jatav S, Church C, Prlic M, Jha A, Nghiem P, Riddell S, Sarkar S. Metabolic regulation by PD-1 signaling promotes long-lived quiescent CD8 T cell memory in mice. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eaba6006. [PMID: 34644150 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba6006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Kalia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Yevgeniy Yuzefpolskiy
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Adithya Vegaraju
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Hanxi Xiao
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Florian Baumann
- QIAGEN Sciences LLC, 19300 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874, USA
| | | | - Candice Church
- Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Martin Prlic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Paul Nghiem
- Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stanley Riddell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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6
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Pauken KE, Godec J, Odorizzi PM, Brown KE, Yates KB, Ngiow SF, Burke KP, Maleri S, Grande SM, Francisco LM, Ali MA, Imam S, Freeman GJ, Haining WN, Wherry EJ, Sharpe AH. The PD-1 Pathway Regulates Development and Function of Memory CD8 + T Cells following Respiratory Viral Infection. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107827. [PMID: 32610128 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The PD-1 pathway regulates dysfunctional T cells in chronic infection and cancer, but the role of this pathway during acute infection remains less clear. Here, we demonstrate that PD-1 signals are needed for optimal memory. Mice deficient in the PD-1 pathway exhibit impaired CD8+ T cell memory following acute influenza infection, including reduced virus-specific CD8+ T cell numbers and compromised recall responses. PD-1 blockade during priming leads to similar differences early post-infection but without the defect in memory formation, suggesting that timing and/or duration of PD-1 blockade could be tailored to modulate host responses. Our studies reveal a role for PD-1 as an integrator of CD8+ T cell signals that promotes CD8+ T cell memory formation and suggest PD-1 continues to fine-tune CD8+ T cells after they migrate into non-lymphoid tissues. These findings have important implications for PD-1-based immunotherapy, in which PD-1 inhibition may influence memory responses in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Pauken
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jernej Godec
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pamela M Odorizzi
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keturah E Brown
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen B Yates
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kelly P Burke
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seth Maleri
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shannon M Grande
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Loise M Francisco
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed-Alkhatim Ali
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sabrina Imam
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - W Nicholas Haining
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, and Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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7
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Johnnidis JB, Muroyama Y, Ngiow SF, Chen Z, Manne S, Cai Z, Song S, Platt JM, Schenkel JM, Abdel-Hakeem M, Beltra JC, Greenplate AR, Ali MAA, Nzingha K, Giles JR, Harly C, Attanasio J, Pauken KE, Bengsch B, Paley MA, Tomov VT, Kurachi M, Vignali DAA, Sharpe AH, Reiner SL, Bhandoola A, Johnson FB, Wherry EJ. Inhibitory signaling sustains a distinct early memory CD8 + T cell precursor that is resistant to DNA damage. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/55/eabe3702. [PMID: 33452106 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe3702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of memory T cells remain incompletely understood. During the expansion phase of acute viral infection, we identified a distinct subset of virus-specific CD8+ T cells that possessed distinct characteristics including expression of CD62L, T cell factor 1 (TCF-1), and Eomesodermin; relative quiescence; expression of activation markers; and features of limited effector differentiation. These cells were a quantitatively minor subpopulation of the TCF-1+ pool and exhibited self-renewal, heightened DNA damage surveillance activity, and preferential long-term recall capacity. Despite features of memory and somewhat restrained proliferation during the expansion phase, this subset displayed evidence of stronger TCR signaling than other responding CD8+ T cells, coupled with elevated expression of multiple inhibitory receptors including programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), CD5, and CD160. Genetic ablation of PD-1 and LAG-3 compromised the formation of this CD62Lhi TCF-1+ subset and subsequent CD8+ T cell memory. Although central memory phenotype CD8+ T cells were formed in the absence of these cells, subsequent memory CD8+ T cell recall responses were compromised. Together, these results identify an important link between genome integrity maintenance and CD8+ T cell memory. Moreover, the data indicate a role for inhibitory receptors in preserving key memory CD8+ T cell precursors during initial activation and differentiation. Identification of this rare subpopulation within the memory CD8+ T cell precursor pool may help reconcile models of the developmental origin of long-term CD8+ T cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Johnnidis
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuki Muroyama
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhangying Cai
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shufei Song
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jesse M Platt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jason M Schenkel
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Hakeem
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Beltra
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Allison R Greenplate
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mohammed-Alkhatim A Ali
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kito Nzingha
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christelle Harly
- T-Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France
| | - John Attanasio
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristen E Pauken
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany.,Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael A Paley
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vesselin T Tomov
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Makoto Kurachi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh PA 15232, USA.,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven L Reiner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- T-Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - F Bradley Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. .,Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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8
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Avila-Calderón ED, Medina-Chávez O, Flores-Romo L, Hernández-Hernández JM, Donis-Maturano L, López-Merino A, Arellano-Reynoso B, Aguilera-Arreola MG, Ruiz EA, Gomez-Lunar Z, Witonsky S, Contreras-Rodríguez A. Outer Membrane Vesicles From Brucella melitensis Modulate Immune Response and Induce Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:556795. [PMID: 33193138 PMCID: PMC7604303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.556795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to what has been described in other Gram-negative bacteria, Brucella melitensis releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs from B. melitensis 16M and the rough-mutant B. melitensis VTRM1 were able to induce a protective immune response against virulent B. melitensis in mice models. The presence of some proteins which had previously been reported to induce protection against Brucella were found in the proteome of OMVs from B. melitensis 16M. However, the proteome of OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1 had not previously been determined. In order to be better understand the role of OMVs in host-cell interactions, the aim of this work was to compare the proteomes of OMVs from B. melitensis 16M and the derived rough-mutant B. melitensis VTRM1, as well as to characterize the immune response induced by vesicles on host cells. Additionally, the effect of SDS and proteinase K on the stability of OMVs was analyzed. OMVs from B. melitensis 16M (smooth strain) and the B. melitensis VTRM1 rough mutant (lacking the O-polysaccharide side chain) were analyzed through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). OMVs were treated with proteinase K, sodium deoxycholate, and SDS, and then their protein profile was determined using SDS-PAGE. Furthermore, PBMCs were treated with OMVs in order to measure their effect on cytoskeleton, surface molecules, apoptosis, DNA damage, proliferation, and cytokine-induction. A total of 131 proteins were identified in OMVs from B. melitensis16M, and 43 in OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1. Proteome comparison showed that 22 orthologous proteins were common in vesicles from both strains, and their core proteome contained Omp31, Omp25, GroL, and Omp16. After a subsequent detergent and enzyme treatment, OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1 exhibited higher sensitive compared to OMVs from the B. melitensis 16M strain. Neither OMVs induced IL-17, proliferation, apoptosis or DNA damage. Nonetheless, OMVs from the smooth and rough strains induced overproduction of TNFα and IL-6, as well as actin and tubulin rearrangements in the cytoskeleton. Moreover, OMVs from both strains inhibited PD-L1 expression in T-cells. These data revealed significant differences in OMVs derived from the rough and smooth Brucella strains, among which, the presence or absence of complete LPS appeared to be crucial to protect proteins contained within vesicles and to drive the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Daniel Avila-Calderón
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Olín Medina-Chávez
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Flores-Romo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Donis-Maturano
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ahidé López-Merino
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ma Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrico A Ruiz
- Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Zulema Gomez-Lunar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sharon Witonsky
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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9
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Nüssing S, House IG, Kearney CJ, Chen AXY, Vervoort SJ, Beavis PA, Oliaro J, Johnstone RW, Trapani JA, Parish IA. Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing in Uncultured Naive Mouse T Cells for In Vivo Studies. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2308-2315. [PMID: 32152070 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 technologies have revolutionized our understanding of gene function in complex biological settings, including T cell immunology. Current CRISPR-mediated gene editing strategies in T cells require in vitro stimulation or culture that can both preclude the study of unmanipulated naive T cells and alter subsequent differentiation. In this study, we demonstrate highly efficient gene editing within uncultured primary naive murine CD8+ T cells by electroporation of recombinant Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein immediately prior to in vivo adoptive transfer. Using this approach, we generated single and double gene knockout cells within multiple mouse infection models. Strikingly, gene deletion occurred even when the transferred cells were left in a naive state, suggesting that gene deletion occurs independent of T cell activation. Finally, we demonstrate that targeted mutations can be introduced into naive CD8+ T cells using CRISPR-based homology-directed repair. This protocol thus expands CRISPR-based gene editing approaches beyond models of robust T cell activation to encompass both naive T cell homeostasis and models of weak activation, such as tolerance and tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Nüssing
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and
| | - Imran G House
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Conor J Kearney
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Amanda X Y Chen
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and
| | - Stephin J Vervoort
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul A Beavis
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jane Oliaro
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Trapani
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ian A Parish
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; and .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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10
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Qin W, Hu L, Zhang X, Jiang S, Li J, Zhang Z, Wang X. The Diverse Function of PD-1/PD-L Pathway Beyond Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2298. [PMID: 31636634 PMCID: PMC6787287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent success of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in cancer therapy illustrates the important role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the regulation of antitumor immune responses. However, signaling regulated by the PD-1/PD-L pathway is also associated with substantial inflammatory effects that can resemble those in autoimmune responses, chronic infection, and sepsis, consistent with the role of this pathway in balancing protective immunity and immunopathology, as well as in homeostasis and tolerance. Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 to treat cancer has shown benefits in many patients, suggesting a promising opportunity to target this pathway in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Here, we systematically evaluate the diverse biological functions of the PD-1/PD-L pathway in immune-mediated diseases and the relevant mechanisms that control these immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Avila-Calderón ED, Otero-Olarra JE, Flores-Romo L, Peralta H, Aguilera-Arreola MG, Morales-García MR, Calderón-Amador J, Medina-Chávez O, Donis-Maturano L, Ruiz-Palma MDS, Contreras-Rodríguez A. The Outer Membrane Vesicles of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC ® 7966 TM: A Proteomic Analysis and Effect on Host Cells. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2765. [PMID: 30519218 PMCID: PMC6250952 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) into the extracellular environment. OMVs have been studied extensively in bacterial pathogens, however, information related with the composition of Aeromonas hydrophila OMVs is missing. In this study we analyzed the composition of purified OMVs from A. hydrophila ATCC® 7966TM by proteomics. Also we studied the effect of OMVs on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Vesicles were grown in agar plates and then purified through ultracentrifugation steps. Purified vesicles showed an average diameter of 90-170 nm. Moreover, 211 unique proteins were found in OMVs from A. hydrophila; some of them are well-known as virulence factors such as: haemolysin Ahh1, RtxA toxin, extracellular lipase, HcpA protein, among others. OMVs from A. hydrophila ATCC® 7966TM induced lymphocyte activation and apoptosis in monocytes, as well as over-expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This work contributed to the knowledge of the composition of the vesicles of A. hydrophila ATCC® 7966TM and their interaction with the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Daniel Avila-Calderón
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Erick Otero-Olarra
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Flores-Romo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Peralta
- Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ma. Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Juana Calderón-Amador
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Olin Medina-Chávez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Donis-Maturano
- Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - María del Socorro Ruiz-Palma
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- División Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Tecámac, Tecámac, Mexico
| | - Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Abstract
The upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), on immune cells occurs during acute infections, such as malaria, as well as during chronic persistent viral infections, including HIV and hepatitis B virus. These pathways are important for preventing immune-driven pathology but can also limit immune-mediated clearance of the infection. The recent success of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer therapy suggests that targeting these pathways would also be effective for preventing and treating a range of infectious diseases. Here, we review our current understanding of immune checkpoint pathways in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and discuss the potential for therapeutically targeting these pathways in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N Wykes
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sharon R Lewin
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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13
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Programmed Death-Ligand 1 on Antigen-presenting Cells Facilitates the Induction of Antigen-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes: Application to Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy. J Immunother 2018; 39:306-15. [PMID: 27548033 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) binds to programmed death-1 (PD-1) on activated T cells and contributes to T-cell exhaustion. PD-L1 expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) could be thought to inhibit the induction of Ag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by transducing negative signal into T cells; however, the roles of PD-L1 on APCs have not yet been well examined. Therefore, we evaluated the roles of PD-L1 on APCs in the induction of Ag-specific CTLs. CD3 T cells isolated from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive healthy donors were stimulated with mature dendritic cells pulsed with CMV pp65-derived HLA-restricted peptides in the presence of anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody. Unexpectedly, PD-L1 blockade resulted in a less efficient induction of CMV-specific CTLs, suggesting that PD-L1 play a positive role in the induction of Ag-specific CTLs. For further evaluations and application to adoptive immunotherapy, we generated K562-based artificial APCs, which were retrovirally transduced with HLA class I molecules and various combinations of CD80/86 and PD-L1. K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells produced significantly higher induction of CMV-specific CTLs than K562/HLA or K562/HLA+CD80/86 cells without causing excessive differentiation or functional exhaustion of the induced CTLs, whereas PD-L1 itself did not have a stimulatory effect. Furthermore, only K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells pulsed with HLA-A*24:02-restricted Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) peptide clearly expanded WT1-specific CTLs from healthy donors. Our findings presumed that PD-L1 expressed on APCs along with CD80/86 enhanced the induction of Ag-specific CTLs probably depending on fine-tuning excessive stimulation of CD80/86, and that K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells has therapeutic potential as a novel type of artificial APCs for adoptive immunotherapy.
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14
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Attanasio J, Wherry EJ. Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Receptor Pathways in Infectious Disease. Immunity 2017; 44:1052-68. [PMID: 27192569 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Costimulatory and inhibitory receptors play a key role in regulating immune responses to infections. Recent translation of knowledge about inhibitory receptors such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 into the cancer clinic highlights the opportunities to manipulate these pathways to treat human disease. Studies in infectious disease have provided key insights into the specific roles of these pathways and the effects of their manipulation. Here, recent studies are discussed that have addressed how major inhibitory and costimulatory pathways play a role in regulating immune responses during acute and chronic infections. Mechanistic insights from studies of infectious disease provide opportunities to further expand our toolkit to treat cancer and chronic infections in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Attanasio
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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15
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Gibbons Johnson RM, Dong H. Functional Expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (B7-H1) by Immune Cells and Tumor Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:961. [PMID: 28848559 PMCID: PMC5554355 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 (B7-H1) signaling pathway has been the focus of much enthusiasm in the fields of tumor immunology and oncology with recent FDA approval of the anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab and the anti-PD-L1 antibodies durvalumab, atezolimuab, and avelumab. These therapies, referred to here as PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapies, are designed to block the interaction between PD-L1, expressed by tumor cells, and PD-1, expressed by tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, leading to enhanced antitumor CD8+ T cell responses and tumor regression. The influence of PD-L1 expressed by tumor cells on antitumor CD8+ T cell responses is well characterized, but the impact of PD-L1 expressed by immune cells has not been well defined for antitumor CD8+ T cell responses. Although PD-L1 expression by tumor cells has been used as a biomarker in selection of patients for PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapies, patients whose tumor cells lack PD-L1 expression often respond positively to PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapies. This suggests that PD-L1 expressed by non-malignant cells may also contribute to antitumor immunity. Here, we review the functions of PD-L1 expressed by immune cells in the context of CD8+ T cell priming, contraction, and differentiation into memory populations, as well as the role of PD-L1 expressed by tumor cells in regulating antitumor CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haidong Dong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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16
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B7-H1 antibodies lose antitumor activity due to activation of p38 MAPK that leads to apoptosis of tumor-reactive CD8 + T cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36722. [PMID: 27824138 PMCID: PMC5099859 DOI: 10.1038/srep36722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
B7-H1 (aka PD-L1) blocking antibodies have been used in treatment of human cancers through blocking B7-H1 expressed by tumor cells; however, their impact on B7-H1 expressing tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells is still unknown. Here, we report that tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells expressing B7-H1 are functional effector cells. In contrast to normal B7-H1 blocking antibody, B7-H1 antibodies capable of activating p38 MAPK lose their antitumor activity by deleting B7-H1+ tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells via p38 MAPK pathway. B7-H1 deficiency or engagement with certain antibody results in more activation of p38 MAPK that leads to T cell apoptosis. DNA-PKcs is a new intracellular partner of B7-H1 in the cytoplasm of activated CD8+ T cells. B7-H1 suppresses p38 MAPK activation by sequestering DNA-PKcs in order to preserve T cell survival. Our findings provide a new mechanism of action of B7-H1 in T cells and have clinical implications in cancer immunotherapy when anti-B7-H1 (PD-L1) antibody is applied.
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17
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Blake SJP, Ching ALH, Kenna TJ, Galea R, Large J, Yagita H, Steptoe RJ. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 promotes adoptive T-cell immunotherapy in a tolerogenic environment. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119483. [PMID: 25741704 PMCID: PMC4351071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy using in vitro expanded CD8+ T cells shows promise for tumour immunotherapy but is limited by eventual loss of function of the transferred T cells through factors that likely include inactivation by tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC). The co-inhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1), in addition to controlling T-cell responsiveness at effector sites in malignancies and chronic viral diseases is an important modulator of dendritic cell-induced tolerance in naive T cell populations. The most potent therapeutic capacity amongst CD8+ T cells appears to lie within Tcm or Tcm-like cells but memory T cells express elevated levels of PD-1. Based on established trafficking patterns for Tcm it is likely Tcm-like cells interact with lymphoid-tissue DC that present tumour-derived antigens and may be inherently tolerogenic to develop therapeutic effector function. As little is understood of the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade on Tcm-like CD8+ T cells, particularly in relation to inactivation by DC, we explored the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in a mouse model where resting DC tolerise effector and memory CD8+ T cells. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 promoted effector differentiation of adoptively-transferred Tcm-phenotype cells interacting with tolerising DC. In tumour-bearing mice with tolerising DC, effector activity was increased in both lymphoid tissues and the tumour-site and anti-tumour activity was promoted. Our findings suggest PD-1/PD-L1 blockade may be a useful adjunct for adoptive immunotherapy by promoting effector differentiation in the host of transferred Tcm-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan L. H. Ching
- UQ Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tony J. Kenna
- UQ Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ryan Galea
- UQ Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Justin Large
- UQ Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raymond J. Steptoe
- UQ Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
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18
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Scandiuzzi L, Ghosh K, Hofmeyer KA, Abadi YM, Lázár-Molnár E, Lin EY, Liu Q, Jeon H, Almo SC, Chen L, Nathenson SG, Zang X. Tissue-expressed B7-H1 critically controls intestinal inflammation. Cell Rep 2014; 6:625-32. [PMID: 24529703 PMCID: PMC3962725 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
B7-H1 (PD-L1) on immune cells plays an important role in T cell coinhibition by binding its receptor PD-1. Here, we show that both human and mouse intestinal epithelium express B7-H1 and that B7-H1-deficient mice are highly susceptible to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- or trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced gut injury. B7-H1 deficiency during intestinal inflammation leads to high mortality and morbidity, which are associated with severe pathological manifestations in the colon, including loss of epithelial integrity and overgrowth of commensal bacteria. Results from bone marrow chimeric and knockout mice show that B7-H1 expressed on intestinal parenchyma, but not on hematopoietic cells, controls intestinal inflammation in an adaptive immunity-independent fashion. Finally, we demonstrate that B7-H1 dampened intestinal inflammation by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production and by stimulating interleukin 22 secretion from CD11c(+)CD11b(+) lamina propria cells. Thus, our data uncover a mechanism through which intestinal tissue-expressed B7-H1 functions as an essential ligand for innate immune cells to prevent gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Scandiuzzi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kaya Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kimberly A Hofmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yael M Abadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Eszter Lázár-Molnár
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Elaine Y Lin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hyungjun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Physiology, and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Stanley G Nathenson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Highly pathological influenza A virus infection is associated with augmented expression of PD-1 by functionally compromised virus-specific CD8+ T cells. J Virol 2013; 88:1636-51. [PMID: 24257598 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02851-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One question that continues to challenge influenza A research is why some strains of virus are so devastating compared to their more mild counterparts. We approached this question from an immunological perspective, investigating the CD8(+) T cell response in a mouse model system comparing high- and low-pathological influenza virus infections. Our findings reveal that the early (day 0 to 5) viral titer was not the determining factor in the outcome of disease. Instead, increased numbers of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells and elevated effector function on a per-cell basis were found in the low-pathological infection and correlated with reduced illness and later-time-point (day 6 to 10) viral titer. High-pathological infection was associated with increased PD-1 expression on influenza virus-specific CD8(+) T cells, and blockade of PD-L1 in vivo led to reduced virus titers and increased CD8(+) T cell numbers in high- but not low-pathological infection, though T cell functionality was not restored. These data show that high-pathological acute influenza virus infection is associated with a dysregulated CD8(+) T cell response, which is likely caused by the more highly inflamed airway microenvironment during the early days of infection. Therapeutic approaches specifically aimed at modulating innate airway inflammation may therefore promote efficient CD8(+) T cell activity. We show that during a severe influenza virus infection, one type of immune cell, the CD8 T cell, is less abundant and less functional than in a more mild infection. This dysregulated T cell phenotype correlates with a lower rate of virus clearance in the severe infection and is partially regulated by the expression of a suppressive coreceptor called PD-1. Treatment with an antibody that blocks PD-1 improves T cell functionality and increases virus clearance.
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