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Elsayed Abouzed DE, Ezelarab HAA, Selim HMRM, Elsayed MMA, El Hamd MA, Aboelez MO. Multimodal modulation of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by phytochemical agents: A mechanistic evaluation of hepatoprotective potential and safety profiles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112445. [PMID: 38944946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinically fundamental phenomenon that occurs through liver resection surgery, trauma, shock, and transplantation. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review article affords an expanded and comprehensive overview of various natural herbal ingredients that have demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against I/R injury through preclinical studies in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the objective of this investigation, an extensive examination was carried out utilizing diverse scientific databases involving PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), and Research Gate. The investigation was conducted based on specific identifiable terms, such as hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver resection and transplantation, cytokines, inflammation, NF-kB, interleukins, herbs, plants, natural ingredients, phenolic extract, and aqueous extract. RESULTS Bioactive ingredients derived from ginseng, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, lycopene, punicalagin, crocin, celastrol, andrographolide, silymarin, and others and their effects on hepatic IRI were discussed. The specific mechanisms of action, signaling pathways, and clinical relevance for attenuation of liver enzymes, cytokine production, immune cell infiltration, oxidative damage, and cell death signaling in rodent studies are analyzed in depth. Their complex molecular actions involve modulation of pathways like TLR4, NF-κB, Nrf2, Bcl-2 family proteins, and others. CONCLUSION The natural ingredients have promising values in the protection and treatment of various chronic aggressive clinical conditions, and that need to be evaluated on humans by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deiaa E Elsayed Abouzed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud M A Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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Dasdelen D, Solmaz M, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Erdogan E. Apoptosis of hippocampus and cerebellum induced with brain ischemia reperfusion prevented by 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF). Biotech Histochem 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38940209 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2360496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) on apoptosis in the cerebellum and hippocampus in rats with ischemia-reperfusion. A total of 38 Wistar albino male rats were used. Experimental groups were designed as Group 1-Sham; Group 2-Ischemia-reperfusion (IR), in which animals were anesthetized and carotid arteries ligated for 30 minutes (ischemia) and reperfused 30 minutes; Group 3- IR + DiOHF (10 mg/kg); Group 4- Ischemia + DiOHF (10 mg/kg) + reperfusion; Group 5-DiOHF + IR. DiOHF was supplemented as 10 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before IR. Following application, the animals were sacrificed under general anesthetic by cervical dislocation, and the cerebellum and hippocampus tissues were analyzed for apoptosis. IR significantly increased hippocampus and cerebellum apoptosis activity, confirmed by Hematoxylin-Eosin, TUNEL labeling, and Caspase-8 activity. However, these values were significantly suppressed by the administration of DiOHF, especially when used before the ischemia and reperfusion. The results of the study show that increased apoptosis in the cerebellum and hippocampus tissue was inhibited by intraperitoneal DiOHF supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dervis Dasdelen
- Medical School, Deparment of Physiology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Merve Solmaz
- Medical School Deparment of Histology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Medical School, Deparment of Physiology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Ender Erdogan
- Medical School Deparment of Histology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Fan L, Lin X, Hong L, Li L, Lin R, Ren T, Tian J, Chen M. Simultaneous antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of two-dimensional (2D) MXene-loaded isoquercetin for ischemic stroke treatment. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2795-2806. [PMID: 38385522 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01973j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species drive ischemic stroke and its related complications. New antioxidant medications are therefore crucial for treating ischemic stroke. We developed Ti2C@BSA-ISO nanocomposites loaded with the hydrophobic drug isoquercetin (ISO) encapsulated in BSA on Ti2C nano-enzymes as a novel therapeutic nanomedicine for the treatment of ischemic stroke targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS). TEM visually proved the successful preparation of Ti2C@BSA-ISO, and the FTIR, XPS, zeta potential and DLS together demonstrated the acquisition of Ti2C@BSA-ISO. In addition, the enzyme-mimicking activity of Ti2C was evaluated and the antioxidant capacity of Ti2C@BSA-ISO was verified. Ti2C@BSA-ISO was able to reverse the decrease in cellular activity caused by ROS. Experiments in vivo showed that Ti2C@BSA-ISO could promote neuroprotection and scavenging of ROS in the hippocampal CA1 area and cerebral cortex of rats, thereby inhibiting cellular death and alleviating ischaemic stroke. Specifically, Ti2C@BSA-ISO alleviated ischemic stroke by inhibiting NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway-mediated pyroptosis. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of nanomedicines that can be directly used as drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke in synergy with other drugs, which greatly expands the application of nanomaterials in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Fan
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
| | - Limin Hong
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
| | - Lehui Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
| | - Run Lin
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
| | - Tianbin Ren
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jia Tian
- Intensive Medical Unit, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 19 Xiuhua Road, Haikou, China.
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, P. R. China.
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Goyal R, Mittal G, Khurana S, Malik N, Kumar V, Soni A, Chopra H, Kamal MA. Insights on Quercetin Therapeutic Potential for Neurodegenerative Diseases and its Nano-technological Perspectives. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1132-1141. [PMID: 37649295 DOI: 10.2174/1389201025666230830125410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The neurodegeneration process begins in conjunction with the aging of the neurons. It manifests in different parts of the brain as Aβ plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, Lewy bodies, Pick bodies, and other structures, which leads to progressive loss or death of neurons. Quercetin (QC) is a flavonoid compound found in fruits, tea, and other edible plants have antioxidant effects that have been studied from subcellular compartments to tissue levels in the brain. Also, quercetin has been reported to possess a neuroprotective role by decreasing oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell damage. The use of QC for neurodegenerative therapy, the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains a significant barrier to improving the clinical effectiveness of the drug, so finding an innovative solution to develop simultaneous BBB-crossing ability of drugs for treating neurodegenerative disorders and improving neurological outcomes is crucial. The nanoparticle formulation of QC is considered beneficial and useful for its delivery through this route for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases seems necessary. Increased QC accumulation in the brain tissue and more significant improvements in tissue and cellular levels are among the benefits of QC-involved nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Goyal
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Garima Mittal
- Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Samalkha, (Panipat), 132102, Haryana, India
| | - Suman Khurana
- Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Samalkha, (Panipat), 132102, Haryana, India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon (Manesar), 122413; Haryana, India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon (Manesar), 122413; Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Malik
- Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Samalkha, (Panipat), 132102, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Janta College of Pharmacy, Butana, (Sonipat), 131001, Hayana, India
| | - Arti Soni
- Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Samalkha, (Panipat), 132102, Haryana, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, NSW; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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Salatin S, Farhoudi M, Farjami A, Maleki Dizaj S, Sharifi S, Shahi S. Nanoparticle Formulations of Antioxidants for the Management of Oxidative Stress in Stroke: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3010. [PMID: 38002010 PMCID: PMC10669285 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is currently one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, there has been a lack of effective stroke treatment. Therefore, novel treatment strategies are needed to decrease stroke-induced morbidity and promote the patient's quality of life. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been recognized as one of the major causes of brain injury after ischemic stroke. Antioxidant therapy seems to be an effective treatment in the management of oxidative stress relevant to inflammatory disorders like stroke. However, the in vivo efficacy of traditional anti-oxidative substances is greatly limited due to their non-specific distribution and poor localization in the disease region. In recent years, antioxidant nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated a clinical breakthrough for stroke treatment. Some NPs have intrinsic antioxidant properties and act as antioxidants to scavenge ROS. Moreover, NPs provide protection to the antioxidant agents/enzymes while effectively delivering them into unreachable areas like the brain. Because of their nanoscale dimensions, NPs are able to efficiently pass through the BBB, and easily reach the damaged site. Here, we discuss the challenges, recent advances, and perspectives of antioxidant NPs in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran (M.F.)
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran (M.F.)
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Pharmaceutical and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran
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Potapovich AI, Kostyuk TV, Ishutina OV, Shutava TG, Kostyuk VA. Effects of native and particulate polyphenols on DNA damage and cell viability after UV-C exposure. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1923-1930. [PMID: 36864349 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant polyphenols have poor water solubility, resulting in low bioavailability. In order to overcome this limitation, the drug molecules can be coated with multiple layers of polymeric materials. Microcrystals of quercetin and resveratrol coated with a (PAH/PSS)4 or (CH/DexS)4 shell were prepared using the layer-by-layer assembly method; cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with UV-C, and after that, cells were incubated with native and particulate polyphenols. DNA damage, cell viability, and integrity were evaluated by comet assay, using PrestoBlueTM reagent and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage test. The data obtained indicate that both native and particulate polyphenols added immediately after UV-C exposure increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner; however, the efficiency of particulate quercetin was more pronounced than that of the native compound; also quercetin coated with a (CH/DexS)4 shell more effectively than the native compound reduced the number of DNA lesions in the nuclei of keratinocytes exposed to UV-C radiation; native and particulate resveratrol were ineffective against DNA damage. Quercetin reduces cell death caused by UV-C radiation and increases DNA repair capacity. Coating quercetin with (CH/DexS)4 shell markedly enhanced its impact on DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla I Potapovich
- Belarusian State University, Niezaližnasci Avenue, 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatyana V Kostyuk
- Belarusian State University, Niezaližnasci Avenue, 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Olga V Ishutina
- Belarusian State University, Niezaližnasci Avenue, 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana G Shutava
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 36 F. Skaryny Street, 220141, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir A Kostyuk
- Belarusian State University, Niezaližnasci Avenue, 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus.
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Grabska-Kobyłecka I, Szpakowski P, Król A, Książek-Winiarek D, Kobyłecki A, Głąbiński A, Nowak D. Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development. Nutrients 2023; 15:3454. [PMID: 37571391 PMCID: PMC10420887 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases' development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, and dysfunction of DNA repair systems. The increased consumption of antioxidants can postpone the development of these disorders and improve the quality of patients' lives who have already been diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases. Prolonging life span in developed countries contributes to an increase in the incidence ratio of chronic age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD (Parkinson's disease), AD (Alzheimer's disease), or numerous forms of age-related dementias. Dietary supplementation with neuroprotective plant-derived polyphenols might be considered an important element of healthy aging. Some polyphenols improve cognition, mood, visual functions, language, and verbal memory functions. Polyphenols bioavailability differs greatly from one compound to another and is determined by solubility, degree of polymerization, conjugation, or glycosylation resulting from chemical structure. It is still unclear which polyphenols are beneficial because their potential depends on efficient transport across the BBB (blood-brain barrier), bioavailability, and stability in the CNS (central nervous system). Polyphenols improve brain functions by having a direct impact on cells and processes in the CNS. For a direct effect, polyphenolic compounds must be able to overcome the BBB and accumulate in brain tissue. In this review, the latest achievements in studies (animal models and clinical trials) on the effect of polyphenols on brain activity and function are described. The beneficial impact of plant polyphenols on the brain may be summarized by their role in increasing brain plasticity and related cognition improvement. As reversible MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, polyphenols are mood modulators and improve neuronal self-being through an increase in dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline amounts in the brain tissue. After analyzing the prohealth effects of various eating patterns, it was postulated that their beneficial effects result from synergistic interactions between individual dietary components. Polyphenols act on the brain endothelial cells and improve the BBB's integrity and reduce inflammation, thus protecting the brain from additional injury during stroke or autoimmune diseases. Polyphenolic compounds are capable of lowering blood pressure and improving cerebral blood flow. Many studies have revealed that a nutritional model based on increased consumption of antioxidants has the potential to ameliorate the cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Randomized clinical trials have also shown that the improvement of cognitive functions resulting from the consumption of foods rich in flavonoids is independent of age and health conditions. For therapeutic use, sufficient quantities of polyphenols must cross the BBB and reach the brain tissue in active form. An important issue in the direct action of polyphenols on the CNS is not only their penetration through the BBB, but also their brain metabolism and localization. The bioavailability of polyphenols is low. The most usual oral administration also conflicts with bioavailability. The main factors that limit this process and have an effect on therapeutic efficacy are: selective permeability across BBB, gastrointestinal transformations, poor absorption, rapid hepatic and colonic metabolism, and systemic elimination. Thus, phenolic compounds have inadequate bioavailability for human applications to have any beneficial effects. In recent years, new strategies have been attempted in order to exert cognitive benefits and neuroprotective effects. Converting polyphenols into nanostructures is one of the theories proposed to enhance their bioavailability. The following nanoscale delivery systems can be used to encapsulate polyphenols: nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes. It results in great expectations for the wide-scale and effective use of polyphenols in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus far, only natural polyphenols have been studied as neuroprotectors. Perhaps some modification of the chemical structure of a given polyphenol may increase its neuroprotective activity and transportation through the BBB. However, numerous questions should be answered before developing neuroprotective medications based on plant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Grabska-Kobyłecka
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Szpakowski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Król
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Dominika Książek-Winiarek
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrzej Kobyłecki
- Interventional Cardiology Lab, Copernicus Hospital, Pabianicka Str. 62, 93-513 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Głąbiński
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Dariusz Nowak
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
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Ri MH, Xing Y, Zuo HX, Li MY, Jin HL, Ma J, Jin X. Regulatory mechanisms of natural compounds from traditional Chinese herbal medicines on the microglial response in ischemic stroke. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154889. [PMID: 37262999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of clinically effective neuroprotective agents for stroke therapy is still a challenging task. Microglia play a critical role in brain injury and recovery after ischemic stroke. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) are based on a unique therapeutic principle, have various formulas, and have long been widely used to treat stroke. Therefore, the active compounds in TCHMs and their underlying mechanisms of action are attracting increasing attention in the field of stroke drug development. PURPOSE To summarize the regulatory mechanisms of TCHM-derived natural compounds on the microglial response in animal models of ischemic stroke. METHODS We searched studies published until 10 April 2023 in the Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using the following keywords: natural compounds, natural products or phytochemicals, traditional Chinese Medicine or Chinese herbal medicine, microglia, and ischemic stroke. This review was prepared according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. RESULTS Natural compounds derived from TCHMs can attenuate the M1 phenotype of microglia, which is involved in the detrimental inflammatory response, via inhibition of NF-κB, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, Notch, TLR4, P2X7R, CX3CR1, IL-17RA, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and pro-oxidant enzymes. Additionally, the neuroprotective response of microglia with the M2 phenotype can be enhanced by activating Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/AKT, AMPK, PPARγ, SIRT1, CB2R, TREM2, nAChR, and IL-33/ST2. Several clinical trials showed that TCHM-derived natural compounds that regulate microglial responses have significant and safe therapeutic effects, but further well-designed clinical studies are needed. CONCLUSIONS Further research regarding the direct targets and potential pleiotropic or synergistic effects of natural compounds would provide a more reasonable approach for regulation of the microglial response with the possibility of successful stroke drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hak Ri
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China; Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yue Xing
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Xiang Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ming Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Lan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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Kiouas K, Oussedik-Oumehdi H, Laraba-Djebari F. Therapeutic outcome of quercetin nanoparticles on Cerastes cerastes venom-induced hepatorenal toxicity: a preclinical study. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:367-390. [PMID: 37125660 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of quercetin (QT) and QT-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (QT-NPs) on Cerastes cerastes venom-mediated inflammation, redox imbalance, hepatorenal tissue damage and local hemorrhage. Methods: The developed QT-NPs were first submitted to physicochemical characterization and then evaluated in the 'challenge then treat' and 'preincubation' models of envenoming. Results: QT-NPs efficiently alleviated hepatorenal toxicity, inflammation and redox imbalance and significantly attenuated venom-induced local hemorrhage. Interestingly, QT-NPs were significantly more efficient than free QT at 24 h post-envenoming, pointing to the efficacy of this drug-delivery system. Conclusion: These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of QT-NPs on venom-induced toxicity and open up the avenue for their use in the management of snakebite envenoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahina Kiouas
- USTHB, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Biology, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Habiba Oussedik-Oumehdi
- USTHB, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Biology, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Fatima Laraba-Djebari
- USTHB, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Biology, BP 32, El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
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10
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Potapovich AI, Kostyuk TV, Shman TV, Ermilova TI, Shutava TG, Kostyuk VA. DNA Repair Activation and Cell Death Suppression by Plant Polyphenols in Keratinocytes Exposed to Ultraviolet Irradiation. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:1-8. [PMID: 36262038 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated effects of plant polyphenolic compounds (PPs) on responses of cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes to ultraviolet radiation in the C range (UV-C). The experimental data obtained indicate a cytoprotective effect of PPs added immediately after UV-C exposure. The efficiency of PPs was lowered in the following order: acacetin ≥ silybin > quercetin. The influence of PPs on phosphorylation of histone H2AX and the number of single-strand DNA breaks in the nuclei of keratinocytes were also studied. Using the comet assay and γH2AX staining, followed by fluorescence microscopy, it has been established that PPs can reduce DNA damage in the nuclei of keratinocytes exposed to UV-C. It is concluded that PPs can diminish the destructive effect of UV radiation on skin cells, activating the process of repairing genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tatyana V Shman
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Borovlyany, Belarus
| | - Tatyana I Ermilova
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Borovlyany, Belarus
| | - Tatyana G Shutava
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
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11
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Combination Modality Using Quercetin to Enhance the Efficacy of Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030902. [PMID: 36765857 PMCID: PMC9913446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard of care chemotherapy drug presently used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), docetaxel (Doc), also develops chemoresistance, thereby reducing its clinical utility. Since resistance to chemotherapy drugs can be overcome by co-treatment with plant-based bio-active compounds we undertook the present study to evaluate if quercetin (Que), a flavonoid present in plants such as onions, apples, olives, and grapes can enhance the efficacy of Doc. We studied the separate and combined effects of Que and Doc at different doses and different combination approaches in two different prostate cancer cell lines, DU-145 (moderately aggressive) and PC-3 (very aggressive), and assessed the effects of these combinations on viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. Monotherapy with these drugs showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity; however, only Doc monotherapy showed a statistically significant difference in IC50 levels (IC50 = 4.05 ± 0.52 nM for PC-3 and IC50 = 2.26 ± 0.22 nM for DU-145). In combination treatment, we used three different treatment approaches (TAP). The concentrations and range analyzed were chosen based on the approximate cytotoxicity of 30-50% when the drugs were used individually. Our observations indicate that the most beneficial effect of the Que and Doc combination was obtained with the TAP-2 approach, which is pre-treatment with all doses of Que for 24 h followed by low doses of Doc for another 24 h. Using this approach, we observed synergism at low concentrations of Doc (0.5 and 1.0 nM) and all concentrations of Que. An additive effect was observed at moderate and high concentrations of Doc (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 nM) and all concentrations of Que in both cell lines. The TAP-2 strategy was also helpful in overcoming Doc resistance in resistant CaP cells. In summary, Que improved the therapeutic effect of Doc in CRPC, and it is proposed that this improvement is mediated through multiple mechanisms. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality for an effective combination using Doc and Que to enhance the efficacy of Doc in an innocuous manner for Doc resistance and CRPC treatment.
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12
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Bellavite P. Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020280. [PMID: 36829840 PMCID: PMC9951959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract these pathologies has increased rapidly over the last two decades. In this paper, studies on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids (especially the two most widely used, hesperidin and quercetin) on animal models of depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease are reviewed. The literature on these topics amounts to a few hundred publications on in vitro and in vivo models (notably in rodents) and provides us with a very detailed picture of the action mechanisms and targets of these substances. These include the decrease in enzymes that produce reactive oxygen and ferroptosis, the inhibition of mono-amine oxidases, the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE system, the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, in the case of AD, the prevention of amyloid-beta aggregation. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes has been documented as a decrease in cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) by microglia and astrocytes, by modulating a number of regulatory proteins such as Nf-kB and NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials on humans are still scarce, preclinical studies allow us to consider hesperidin, quercetin, and other flavonoids as very interesting and safe dietary molecules to be further investigated as complementary treatments in order to prevent neurodegenerative diseases or to moderate their deleterious effects.
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Fideles SOM, de Cássia Ortiz A, Buchaim DV, de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira E, Parreira MJBM, de Oliveira Rossi J, da Cunha MR, de Souza AT, Soares WC, Buchaim RL. Influence of the Neuroprotective Properties of Quercetin on Regeneration and Functional Recovery of the Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010149. [PMID: 36671011 PMCID: PMC9855066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid present in vegetables, fruits, and beverages, such as onions, apples, broccoli, berries, citrus fruits, tea, and red wine. Flavonoids have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, acting in the prevention of several diseases. Quercetin also has neuroprotective properties and may exert a beneficial effect on nervous tissue. In this literature review, we compiled in vivo studies that investigated the effect of quercetin on regeneration and functional recovery of the central and peripheral nervous system. In spinal cord injuries (SCI), quercetin administration favored axonal regeneration and recovery of locomotor capacity, significantly improving electrophysiological parameters. Quercetin reduced edema, neutrophil infiltration, cystic cavity formation, reactive oxygen species production, and pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, while favoring an increase in levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, minimizing tissue damage in SCI models. In addition, the association of quercetin with mesenchymal stromal cells transplantation had a synergistic neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury. Similarly, in sciatic nerve injuries, quercetin favored and accelerated sensory and motor recovery, reducing muscle atrophy. In these models, quercetin significantly inhibited oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, favoring Schwann cell proliferation and nerve fiber remyelination, thus promoting a significant increase in the number and diameter of myelinated fibers. Although there is still a lack of clinical research, in vivo studies have shown that quercetin contributed to the recovery of neurological functions, exerting a beneficial effect on the regeneration of the central and peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ortiz Moura Fideles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Adriana de Cássia Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
- Teaching and Research Coordination of the Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jéssica de Oliveira Rossi
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
- Medical Bill Audit, Holy House of Mercy (Santa Casa de Misericórdia), Marília 17515-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rodrigues da Cunha
- Anatomy Department, Padre Anchieta University Center (UniAnchieta), Jundiai 13210-795, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiai 13202-550, Brazil
| | | | - Wendel Cleber Soares
- Department of Exact Sciences, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-3235-8220
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Ma T, Li C, Nie Z, Miao H, Wu F. Regulatory Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hypothalamic Serotonin and its Receptor in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia. Curr Neurovasc Res 2023; 20:237-243. [PMID: 37309759 PMCID: PMC10556395 DOI: 10.2174/1567202620666230612110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the neurological damage caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is not only limited to local infarction but can also cause secondary damage in distant sites, such as the hypothalamus. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)/ 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) and 5-HT receptor 2A (5-HT2A) are important in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to study the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of 5- HT, 5-HTT, and 5-HT2A in the hypothalamus of rats with ischemic brain injury and to explore the protective effect and potential mechanism of EA on the secondary injury of cerebral ischemia. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, model group, and EA group. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) method was used to induce ischemic stroke in rats. In the EA group, the Baihui (GV20) and Zusanli (ST36) points were selected for treatment, which was administered once per day for two consecutive weeks. The neuroprotective effect of EA was evaluated by nerve defect function scores and Nissl staining. The content of 5-HT in hypothalamus was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression of 5-HTT and 5-HT2A were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with that in the sham group, the nerve defect function score in the model group rats was significantly increased, the hypothalamus tissue showed obvious nerve damage, the levels of 5-HT and the expression of 5-HTT were significantly reduced, and the expression of 5-HT2A was significantly increased. After 2 weeks of EA treatment, the nerve defect function scores of pMCAO rats were significantly reduced, the hypothalamic nerve injury was significantly reduced, the levels of 5-HT and the expression of 5-HTT were significantly increased, and the expression of 5-HT2A was significantly decreased. CONCLUSION EA has a certain therapeutic effect on hypothalamic injury secondary to permanent cerebral ischemia, and its potential mechanism may be closely related to the upregulation of 5-HT and 5-HTT expression and the downregulation of 5-HT2A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjun Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Zeyin Nie
- Department of Human Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Huachun Miao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
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15
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Shahzad S, Batool Z, Afzal A, Haider S. Reversal of oxidative stress, cytokine toxicity and DNA fragmentation by quercetin in dizocilpine-induced animal model of Schizophrenia. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2793-2805. [PMID: 36152087 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a polyphenolic compound found in a variety of plant products possesses various biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. Schizophrenia (SZ) is one of the neuropsychiatric disorders in human beings with rapid mortality and intense morbidity which can be treated with antipsychotics, but these commercial drugs exert adverse effects and have less efficacy to treat the full spectrum of SZ. The present study was conducted to evaluate neuroprotective effects of quercetin in the preventive and therapeutic treatment of SZ. Quercetin was administered as pre- and post-regimens at the dose of 50 mg/kg in dizocilpine-induced SZ rat model for two weeks. Rats were then subjected for the assessment of different behaviors followed by biochemical, neurochemical, and inflammatory marker analyses. The present findings revealed that quercetin significantly reverses the effects of dizocilpine-induced psychosis-like symptoms in all behavioral assessments as well as it also combats oxidative stress. This flavonoid also regulates dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission. A profound effect on inflammatory cytokines and decreased %DNA fragmentation was also observed following the administration of quercetin. The findings suggest that quercetin can be considered as a preventive as well as therapeutic strategy to attenuate oxidative stress and cytokine toxicity, regulate neurotransmission, and prevent enhanced DNA fragmentation that can lead to the amelioration of psychosis-like symptoms in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Shahzad
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Pakistan Navy Medical Training School and College, PNS Shifa, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Asia Afzal
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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16
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Cytoprotective Properties of a New Nanocomplex of Selenium with Taxifolin in the Cells of the Cerebral Cortex Exposed to Ischemia/Reoxygenation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112477. [PMID: 36432668 PMCID: PMC9697510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of the natural antioxidant taxifolin (TAX) is well known for ischemic pathologies. However, the limitations of taxifolin application are described-poor solubility, low ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and side effects from high doses for stroke therapy. We proposed the problem of targeted delivery of taxifolin and achievement effective concentrations could be solved by developing a nanocomplex of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with taxifolin (Se-TAX). In this study, we developed a selenium-taxifolin nanocomplex based on selenium nanoparticles with a 100 nm size. It was shown that TAX, SeNPs, and Se-TAX were all able to suppress the production of ROS in neurons and astrocytes under exposure to exogenous H2O2 and ischemia-like conditions. However, the Se-TAX nanocomplex appeared to be the most effective, displaying a lower working concentration range and negligible pro-oxidant effect compared with pure SeNPs. The mechanism of Se-TAX beneficial effects involved the activation of some antioxidant enzymes and the suppression of ROS-generating systems during OGD/reoxygenation, while TAX and "naked" SeNPs were less effective in regulating the cellular redox status. Naked SeNPs inhibited a global increase in Ca2+ ions in cytosol, but not OGD-induced hyperexcitation of the neuroglial network, while Se-TAX suppressed both [Ca2+]i rise and hyperexcitation. The effect of TAX at similar doses appeared exclusively in inhibiting OGD-induced hyperexcitation. Analysis of necrosis and apoptosis after OGD/reoxygenation revealed the highest efficiency of the Se-TAX nanocomplex as well. Se-TAX suppressed the expression of proinflammatory and proapoptotic proteins with simultaneous activation of protective genes. We conclude that the Se-TAX nanocomplex combines the antioxidative features taxifolin and the antiapoptotic effect of nanoselenium, involving the regulation of Ca2+ dynamics.
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17
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Riche K, Lenard NR. Quercetin's Effects on Glutamate Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2022; 27:7620. [PMID: 36364448 PMCID: PMC9657878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The potentially therapeutic effects of the naturally abundant plant flavonoid quercetin have been extensively studied. An extensive body of literature suggests that quercetin's powerful antioxidant effects may relate to its ability to treat disease. Glutamate excitotoxicity occurs when a neuron is overstimulated by the neurotransmitter glutamate and causes dysregulation of intracellular calcium concentrations. Quercetin has been shown to be preventative against many forms of neuronal cell death resulting from glutamate excitotoxicity, such as oncosis, intrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition, ferroptosis, phagoptosis, lysosomal cell death, parthanatos, and death by reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation. The clinical importance for the attenuation of glutamate excitotoxicity arises from the need to deter the continuous formation of tissue infarction caused by various neurological diseases, such as ischemic stroke, seizures, neurodegenerative diseases, and trauma. This review aims to summarize what is known concerning glutamate physiology and glutamate excitotoxic pathophysiology and provide further insight into quercetin's potential to hinder neuronal death caused by cell death pathways activated by glutamate excitotoxicity. Quercetin's bioavailability may limit its use clinically, however. Thus, future research into ways to increase its bioavailability are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie R. Lenard
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady University, 5414 Brittany Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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18
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Islam F, Islam MM, Khan Meem AF, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Akter A, Mitra S, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Khusro A, Simal-Gandara J, Eftekhari A, Karimi F, Baghayeri M. Multifaceted role of polyphenols in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136020. [PMID: 35985383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are conditions that cause neuron structure and/or function to deteriorate over time. Genetic alterations may be responsible for several NDDs. However, a multitude of physiological systems can trigger neurodegeneration. Several NDDs, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, are assigned to oxidative stress (OS). Low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are crucial for maintaining normal brain activities, as their increasing concentrations can promote neural apoptosis. OS-mediated neurodegeneration has been linked to several factors, including notable dysfunction of mitochondria, excitotoxicity, and Ca2+ stress. However, synthetic drugs are commonly utilized to treat most NDDs, and these treatments have been known to have side effects during treatment. According to providing empirical evidence, studies have discovered many occurring natural components in plants used to treat NDDs. Polyphenols are often safer and have lesser side effects. As, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, celastrol, berberine, genistein, and luteolin have p-values less than 0.05, so they are typically considered to be statistically significant. These polyphenols could be a choice of interest as therapeutics for NDDs. This review highlighted to discusses the putative effectiveness of polyphenols against the most prevalent NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India; Centre for Research and Development, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
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19
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Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Tavakol C, Farahighasreaboonasr F, Pakizeh F, Dana VG, Seif F. Quercetin as a JAK-STAT inhibitor: a potential role in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:60. [PMID: 35883021 PMCID: PMC9327369 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is involved in many immunological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. Some of these processes can contribute to cancer progression and neurodegeneration. Owing to the complexity of this pathway and its potential crosstalk with alternative pathways, monotherapy as targeted therapy has usually limited long-term efficacy. Currently, the majority of JAK-STAT-targeting drugs are still at preclinical stages. Meanwhile, a variety of plant polyphenols, especially quercetin, exert their inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway through known and unknown mechanisms. Quercetin has shown prominent inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway in terms of anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, as well as control of neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the pharmacological effects of quercetin on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Farid Pakizeh
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghobadi Dana
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab St., Aboureyhan St., Vahid Nazari Crossroad, P17, Tehran, Postal code: 1315795613 Iran
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20
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Mandal AK. Mitochondrial targeting of potent nanoparticulated drugs in combating diseases. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:614-633. [PMID: 35790487 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by the electron transport chain (ETC) leakage and reduced adenosine tri-phosphate synthesis, occurs primarily due to free radicals -induced mutations in either the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) or nuclear (n) DNA caused by pathogenic infections, toxicant exposures, adverse drug-effects, or other environmental exposures, leading to secondary dysfunction affecting ischemic, diabetic, cancerous, and degenerative diseases. In these concerns, mitochondria-targeted remedies may include a significant role in the protection and treatment of mitochondrial function to enhance its activity. Coenzyme Q10 pyridinol and pyrimidinol antioxidant analogues and other potent drug-compounds for their multifunctional radical quencher and other anti-toxic activities may take a significant therapeutic effectivity for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the encapsulation of these bioactive ligands-attached potent compounds in vesicular system may enable them a superb biological effective for the treatment of mitochondria-targeted dysfunction-related diseases with least side effects. This review depicts mainly on mitochondrial enzymatic dysfunction and their amelioration by potent drugs with the usages of nanoparticulated delivery system against mitochondria-affected diseases.
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21
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Polyphenols for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: New Applications and Insights. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134181. [PMID: 35807426 PMCID: PMC9268254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Currently, the main therapeutic strategy involves the use of intravenous thrombolysis to restore cerebral blood flow to prevent the transition of the penumbra to the infarct core. However, due to various limitations and complications, including the narrow time window in which this approach is effective, less than 10% of patients benefit from such therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, with neuroprotection against the ischemic cascade response after IS being one of the most promising options. In the past few decades, polyphenolic compounds have shown great potential in animal models of IS because of their high biocompatibility and ability to target multiple ischemic cascade signaling pathways, although low bioavailability is an issue that limits the applications of several polyphenols. Here, we review the pathophysiological changes following cerebral ischemia and summarize the research progress regarding the applications of polyphenolic compounds in the treatment of IS over the past 5 years. Furthermore, we discuss several potential strategies for improving the bioavailability of polyphenolic compounds as well as some essential issues that remain to be addressed for the translation of the related therapies to the clinic.
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22
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Zhang L, Ma J, Yang F, Li S, Ma W, Chang X, Yang L. Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin on Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854249. [PMID: 35662707 PMCID: PMC9158527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high recurrence and disability; however, its therapies are very limited. As one of the effective methods of treating acute attacks of IS, intravenous thrombolysis has a clear time window. Quercetin, a flavonoid widely found in vegetables and fruits, inhibits immune cells from secreting inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing platelet aggregation and limiting inflammatory thrombosis. In pre-clinical studies, it has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with ischemic brain injury. However, its specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Therefore, this review aims to use published data to elucidate the potential value of quercetin in patients with ischemic brain injury. This article also reviews the plant sources, pharmacological effects, and metabolic processes of quercetin in vivo, thus focusing on its mechanism in inhibiting immune cell activation and inflammatory thrombosis as well as promoting neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingying Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sishi Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wangran Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiang Chang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
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Lv W, Liu Y, Li S, Lv L, Lu H, Xin H. Advances of nano drug delivery system for the theranostics of ischemic stroke. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:248. [PMID: 35641956 PMCID: PMC9153106 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
From the global perspective, stroke refers to a highly common cause of disability and death. Ischemic stroke (IS), attributed to blood vessel blockage, preventing the flow of blood to brain, acts as the most common form of stroke. Thus far, thrombolytic therapy is the only clinical treatment for IS with the approval from the FDA. Moreover, the physiology barrier complicates therapeutically and diagnostically related intervention development of IS. Accordingly, developing efficient and powerful curative approaches for IS diagnosis and treatment is urgently required. The advent of nanotechnology has brought dawn and hope to better curative and imaging forms for the management of IS. This work reviews the recent advances and challenges correlated with the nano drug delivery system for IS therapy and diagnosis. The overview of the current knowledge of the important molecular pathological mechanisms in cerebral ischemia and how the drugs cross the blood brain barrier will also be briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 214400, Jiangyin, China
| | - Yijiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 214400, Jiangyin, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyan Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 214400, Jiangyin, China
| | - Hongdan Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongliang Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
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Liu Z, Gao W, Xu Y. Eleutheroside E alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (Htr2c)-dependent manner in rats. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11718-11731. [PMID: 35502892 PMCID: PMC9275941 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the central disorder underlined by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Eleutheroside E (EE) is administered as the shield in some ischemia tissues with anti-inflammatory action. However, whether EE defends I/R-induced damage in the brain remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that EE significantly alleviated the cerebral I/R injury and reduced the apoptosis of hippocampal neuron cells in rats. During the anti-apoptosis process, EE significantly upregulated the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (Htr2c) gene. Silencing Htr2c expression dramatically weakened the protective effect of EE on I/R-induced apoptosis of rat hippocampal neuron. EE-regulated Htr2c also remarkably inhibited the expression of caspase-3, −6 and −7, thereby suggesting a plausible anti-apoptosis mechanism associated with Htr2c/caspase axis. These findings elicit the potentially clinical strategy that targets Htr2c to improve outcome of ischemia brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department Of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenwei Gao
- Department Of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuanqin Xu
- Department Of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
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Biological Effect of Quercetin in Repairing Brain Damage and Cerebral Changes in Rats: Molecular Docking and In Vivo Studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8962149. [PMID: 35528172 PMCID: PMC9071882 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8962149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the protective effect of quercetin against high-altitude-induced brain damage in rats. A molecular docking study was performed to investigate the potential effect of quercetin in reducing brain damages through its ability to target the oxidative stress enzymes. Biomarker assessment screening assays were also performed then followed by in vivo studies. Three groups of rats were divided into the control group, an untreated animal model group with induced brain damage, and finally, the quercetin treated group that received quercetin dose equal to 20 mg/kg of their body weights. Molecular docking studies and biomarker assessment screening assays proved the potential effect of quercetin to affect the level of representative biomarkers glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, the protective effect of quercetin against high altitude, low pressure, and low oxygen was also investigated by exploring the brain histopathology of experimental rats. Brain damage was observed in the untreated animal model group. After treatment with quercetin, the cerebral edema in the brain tissues was improved significantly, confirming the protective effects of quercetin. Therefore, quercetin can be used as a natural food additive to protect from the highaltitude-induced brain damage.
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Abstract
Background Obesity in asthmatics has been associated with higher airway oxidative stress in which dysfunctional mitochondria are a potential contributing source of excess free radicals. Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) plays an important role in reducing mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress and could, therefore, have therapeutic potential in these patients. Objectives We used primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) from asthmatics and healthy controls to evaluate: a) protein levels of Paraoxonase 2 and b) to test the potential protective effect of quercetin supplementation in cells under oxidative stress conditions. Results Compared to lean controls, obese asthmatics had significantly lower PON2 airway epithelial levels (respectively, 1.08 vs. 0.47 relative units normalized by GAPDH) (p-value < 0.006). Treating HBECs in vitro for 24 hrs. with 25μM quercetin significantly increased PON2 protein levels: 15.5 treated cells vs. 9.8 untreated cells (relative units normalized by GAPDH) (p value = 0.004). Notably, compared to untreated cells, quercetin supplementation reduces mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production on HBECs cells exposed to different oxidative stress triggers such as 1–2 Naphthoquinone (1–2 NQ) and hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that PON2 might play a protective role ameliorating oxidative injury on human airway epithelium. Conclusion Compared to lean controls, obese asthmatics have significantly reduced PON2 levels in airway epithelial cells. Treatment with quercetin in vitro increased PON2 protein levels and prevented oxidative stress from different types of stimuli. Hence, quercetin supplementation may be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity-mediated airway oxidative stress in obese asthmatics.
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Tan Z, Yang G, Qiu J, Yan W, Liu Y, Ma Z, Li J, Liu J, Shan N. Quercetin Alleviates Demyelination Through Regulating Microglial Phenotype Transformation to Mitigate Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Mice with Vascular Dementia. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3140-3158. [PMID: 35267135 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral hypoperfusion plays a pivotal role in the ictus and development of vascular dementia (VaD) with neuropsychiatric symptoms. To date, few pharmacological interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms are available in the VaD patients with neuropsychiatric impairments. Here, our results demonstrated that the extent of demyelination was dramatically deteriorated and the thickness of myelin sheath was evidently decreased in the presence of cerebral hypoperfusion, whereas Quercetin possessed the potential of abrogating these effects at least in part, then relieving anxiety and depression-like behavior when mice exposed to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS)/chronic restraint stress (CRS). The underlying mechanism was that Quercetin facilitated secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and in turn decreased production of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) due to regulating microglial phenotype transformation, thereafter enhancing the microglial engulfment ability of myelin fragments in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the results demonstrated that that Quercetin mediated microglial transformation into anti-inflammatory phenotype to reduce demyelination in ventral hippocampus (vHIP), thereafter mitigating neuropsychiatric deficits (including anxiety and depression). The present research broadens the therapeutic scope of Quercetin in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with presence of white matter damage and/or the insufficient activation of anti-inflammatory microglia, particularly for vascular dementia with/without neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihu Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430061, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430061, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430061, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430061, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengling Ma
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment By Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment By Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Nan Shan
- Department of Geriatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China. .,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China. .,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 430061, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Jurcau A, Ardelean AI. Oxidative Stress in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuries following Acute Ischemic Stroke. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030574. [PMID: 35327376 PMCID: PMC8945353 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recanalization therapy is increasingly used in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, in about one third of these patients, recanalization is followed by ischemia/reperfusion injuries, and clinically to worsening of the neurological status. Much research has focused on unraveling the involved mechanisms in order to prevent or efficiently treat these injuries. What we know so far is that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, despite promising results obtained in experimental research, clinical studies trying to interfere with the oxidative pathways have mostly failed. The current article discusses the main mechanisms leading to ischemia/reperfusion injuries, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress, and reviews the clinical trials with antioxidant molecules highlighting recent developments and future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Municipal Hospital Oradea, Louis Pasteur Street nr 26, 410054 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744-600-833
| | - Adriana Ioana Ardelean
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universitatii Street nr 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Oradea, Gh. Doja Street nr 65, 410169 Oradea, Romania
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Fakhri S, Abdian S, Zarneshan SN, Moradi SZ, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Nanoparticles in Combating Neuronal Dysregulated Signaling Pathways: Recent Approaches to the Nanoformulations of Phytochemicals and Synthetic Drugs Against Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:299-331. [PMID: 35095273 PMCID: PMC8791303 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s347187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As the worldwide average life expectancy has grown, the prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) has risen dramatically. A progressive loss of neuronal function characterizes NDDs, usually followed by neuronal death. Inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding are critical dysregulated signaling pathways that mainly orchestrate neuronal damage from a mechanistic point. Furthermore, in afflicted families with genetic anomalies, mutations and multiplications of α-synuclein and amyloid-related genes produce some kinds of NDDs. Overproduction of such proteins, and their excessive aggregation, have been proven in various models of neuronal malfunction and death. In this line, providing multi-target therapies carried by novel delivery systems would pave the road to control NDDs through simultaneous modulation of such dysregulated pathways. Phytochemicals are multi-target therapeutic agents, which employ several mechanisms towards neuroprotection. Besides, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical issue in managing NDDs since it inhibits the accessibility of drugs to the brain in sufficient concentration. Besides, discovering novel delivery systems is vital to improving the efficacy, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic of therapeutic agents. Such novel formulations are also employed to improve the drug's biodistribution, allow for the co-delivery of several medicines, and offer targeted intracellular delivery against NDDs. The present review proposes nanoformulations of phytochemicals and synthetic agents to combat NDDs by modulating neuroinflammation, neuroapoptosis, neuronal oxidative stress pathways and protein misfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Li R, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Li J, Zheng Y, Fan X. The natural (poly)phenols as modulators of microglia polarization via TLR4/NF-κB pathway exert anti-inflammatory activity in ischemic stroke. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 914:174660. [PMID: 34863710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidences suggest that inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease second only to cardiac ischemia as a cause of death worldwide. Microglia are the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the innate immune response to acute ischemic stroke. Microglia respond to acute brain injury by activating and developing classic M1-like (pro-inflammatory) or alternative M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes. M1 microglia produce pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate neural death, astrocyte apoptosis, and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, while M2 microglia play the opposite role. NF-κB, a central regulator of the inflammatory response, was responsible for microglia M1 and M2 polarization. NF-κB p65 and p50 form a heterodimer to initiate a pro-inflammatory cytokine response, which enhances M1 activation and impair M2 response of microglia. TLR4, expressed on the surface of microglia, plays an important role in activating NF-κB, ultimately causing the M1 response of microglia. Therefore, modulation of microglial phenotypes via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway may be a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Dietary (poly)phenols are present in various foods, which have shown promising protective effects on ischemic stroke. In vivo studies strongly suggest that many (poly)phenols have a pronounced impact on ischemic stroke, as demonstrated by lower neuroinflammation. Thus, this review focuses on the anti-inflammatory properties of dietary (poly)phenols and discusses their effects on the polarization of microglia through modulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jieying Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yingyi Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Parvez S, Kaushik M, Ali M, Alam MM, Ali J, Tabassum H, Kaushik P. Dodging blood brain barrier with "nano" warriors: Novel strategy against ischemic stroke. Theranostics 2022; 12:689-719. [PMID: 34976208 PMCID: PMC8692911 DOI: 10.7150/thno.64806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability resulting in inevitable burden globally. Ischemic injury initiates cascade of pathological events comprising energy dwindling, failure of ionic gradients, failure of blood brain barrier (BBB), vasogenic edema, calcium over accumulation, excitotoxicity, increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and eventually cell death. In spite of such complexity of the disease, the only treatment approved by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). This therapy overcome blood deficiency in the brain along with side effects of reperfusion which are responsible for considerable tissue injury. Therefore, there is urgent need of novel therapeutic perspectives that can protect the integrity of BBB and salvageable brain tissue. Advancement in nanomedicine is empowering new approaches that are potent to improve the understanding and treatment of the IS. Herein, we focus nanomaterial mediated drug delivery systems (DDSs) and their role to bypass and cross BBB especially via intranasal drug delivery. The various nanocarriers used in DDSs are also discussed. In a nut shell, the objective is to provide an overview of use of nanomedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of IS to facilitate the research from benchtop to bedside.
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Shankar J, K.M G, Wilson B. Potential applications of nanomedicine for treating Parkinson's disease. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zou H, Ye H, Kamaraj R, Zhang T, Zhang J, Pavek P. A review on pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153736. [PMID: 34560520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin is a natural flavonoid, which widely exists in nature, such as tea, coffee, apples, and onions. Numerous studies have showed that quercetin has multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging. Hence, quercetin has a significant therapeutic effect on cancers, obesity, diabetes, and other diseases. In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that quercetin combined with other agents can significantly improve the overall therapeutic effect, compared to single use. PURPOSE This work reviews the pharmacological activities of quercetin and its derivatives. In addition, this work also summarizes both in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence for the synergistic effect of quercetin against cancers and metabolic diseases. METHODS An extensive systematic search for pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin was performed considering all the relevant literatures published until August 2021 through the databases including NCBI PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The relevant literatures were extracted from the databases with following keyword combinations: "pharmacological activities" OR "biological activities" OR "synergistic effect" OR "combined" OR "combination" AND "quercetin" as well as free-text words. RESULTS Quercetin and its derivatives possess multiple pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular, anti-aging, and neuroprotective activities. In addition, the synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents against cancers and metabolic diseases has also been confirmed. CONCLUSION Quercetin cooperates with agents to improve the therapeutic effect by regulating signal molecules and blocking cell cycle. Synergistic therapy can reduce the dose of agents and avoid the possible toxic and side effects in the treatment process. Although quercetin treatment has some potential side effects, it is safe under the expected use conditions. Hence, quercetin has application value and potential strength as a clinical drug. Furthermore, quercetin, as the main effective therapeutic ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, may effectively treat and prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Rajamanikkam Kamaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic.
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Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Shennao Fuyuan Tang for Ischemic Stroke Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6015702. [PMID: 34603472 PMCID: PMC8486536 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6015702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods Screen the biologically active components and potential targets of SNFYT through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database (TCMID), and related literature. In addition, DrugBank, OMIM, DisGeNET, and the Therapeutic Target Database were searched to explore the therapeutic targets of IS. The cross-targets of SNFYT potential targets and IS treatment targets were taken as candidate gene targets, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the candidate targets. On this basis, the SNFYT-component-target network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Finally, AutoDock was used to verify the molecular docking of core components and core targets. Results We screened out 95 potentially active components and 143 candidate targets. SNFYT-component-target network, PPI network, and Cytoscape analysis identified four core active ingredients and 14 core targets. GO enrichment analyzed 2333 biological processes, 79 cell components, and 149 molecular functions. There are 170 KEGG-related signal pathways (P < 0.05), including the IL-17 signal pathway, TNF signal pathway, and HIF-1 signal pathway. The molecular docking results of the core components and the core targets showed good binding power. Conclusions SNFYT may achieve the effect of treating ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory effect through a signal pathway with core targets as the core.
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Khan T, Khan S, Akhtar M, Ali J, Najmi AK. Empagliflozin nanoparticles attenuates type2 diabetes induced cognitive impairment via oxidative stress and inflammatory pathway in high fructose diet induced hyperglycemic mice. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105158. [PMID: 34391818 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is snowballing evidence that type 2 diabetes (T2D) predisposes to neuropathophysiological alterations including oxidative stress and triggered inflammatory responses in brain that eventually culminates into cognitive impairment.Accumulating evidences suggest that SGLT2 inhibitor can be a promising intervention for cognitive decline in T2DM. In the present paper, the potential effects of Empagliflozin (EMPA), a SGLT2 inhibitor, against T2D induced cognitive dysfunction have been explored. The effect of EMPA on array of inflammatory mediators including Interleukin-6(IL-6), Interleukin -1β (IL-1β), and Tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)), neuronal proteins including glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK- 3β), Phosphorylated tau (p-tau), amyloid beta (Aβ) (1-40, 1-42) and altered oxidative parameters including SOD, catalase, TBARS was determined in the high fructose diet induced hyperglycaemic mice. The obtained results were compared with EMPA nanoparticles (Nps) formulated in our laboratory and found that EMPA Nps significantly showed reduced levels of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. Further, decrease in levels of p-tau, Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42) were also observed with EMPA nanoparticles.Thus, the study has demonstrated that EMPA Nps could be a promising therapy to alleviate the progression of cognitive decline in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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Cardozo V, Vaamonde L, Parodi-Talice A, Zuluaga MJ, Agrati D, Portela M, Lima A, Blasina F, Dajas F, Bedó G. Multitarget neuroprotection by quercetin: Changes in gene expression in two perinatal asphyxia models. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105064. [PMID: 33951501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) causes mortality and long-term neurologic morbidities in newborns, affecting pathways related to energy failure, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress that often lead to cell death. The whole process of HIE injury is coupled to changes in the expression of a great array of proteins. A nanoliposomal preparation of the flavonoid quercetin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in perinatal asphyxia models. This study aimed to identify neonatal HIE markers and explore the effect of quercetin administration in two perinatal asphyxia models: newborn rats and piglets. In the rat model, nanoliposomal quercetin administration reduced mortality after asphyxia. In the piglet model, quercetin partially overrode the reduction of HIF-1α mRNA levels in the cortex induced by asphyxia. Quercetin administration also reduced increased level of HO-1 mRNA in asphyctic piglets. These results suggest that quercetin neuroprotection might be involved in the regulation of HIF-1α, HO-1 and their targets. A proteomic approach revealed that the glycolytic pathway is strongly regulated by quercetin in both species. We also identified a set of proteins differentially expressed that could be further considered as markers. In piglets, this set includes Acidic Leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 (ANP32A), associated with nervous system differentiation, proteins related with death pathways and alpha-enolase which can be converted to neuron-specific enolase, a glycolytic enzyme that may promote neuroprotection. In newborn rats, other promising proteins associated with neurogenesis and neuroprotection emerged, such as dihydropyrimidinase-related proteins, catalytic and regulatory subunits of phosphatases and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK). Our results show that a nanoliposomal preparation of quercetin, with protective effect in two HIE mammal models, modulates the expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism and other putative neuroprotective signals in the cortex. Identification of these signals could reveal potential molecular pathways involved in disease onset and the novel quercetin neuroprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cardozo
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Vaamonde
- Dept. Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Parodi-Talice
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay; Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M J Zuluaga
- Sección Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - D Agrati
- Sección Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Portela
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analíticas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Lima
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analíticas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Blasina
- Dept. Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - F Dajas
- Dept. Neuroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Bedó
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Dini S, Zakeri M, Ebrahimpour S, Dehghanian F, Esmaeili A. Quercetin‑conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modulate glucose metabolism-related genes and miR-29 family in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8618. [PMID: 33883592 PMCID: PMC8060416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QC) is a dietary bioflavonoid that can be conjugated with nanoparticles to facilitate its brain bioavailability. We previously showed that quercetin-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QCSPIONs) reduced the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats. Glucose transporters (GLUTs), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and microRNA-29 (miR-29) play a critical role in brain glucose homeostasis. In the current study, we examined the effects of QCSPION on the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes, and the miR-29 family as a candidate regulator of glucose handling in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Our in silico analyses introduce the miR-29 family as potential regulators of glucose transporters and IGF-1 genes. The expression level of the miR-29 family, IGF-1, GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, and GLUT4 were measured by qPCR. Our results indicate that diabetes significantly results in upregulation of the miR-29 family and downregulation of the GLUT1, 2, 3, 4, and IGF-1 genes. Interestingly, QCSPIONs reduced miR-29 family expression and subsequently enhanced GLUT1, 2, 3, 4, and IGF-1expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that QCSPION could regulate the expression of the miR-29 family, which in turn increases the expression of glucose transporters and IGF-1, thereby reducing diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Dini
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Zakeri
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Ebrahimpour
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariba Dehghanian
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Benameur T, Soleti R, Porro C. The Potential Neuroprotective Role of Free and Encapsulated Quercetin Mediated by miRNA against Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041318. [PMID: 33923599 PMCID: PMC8073422 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is a pathological condition of numerous central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and many others. Neuroinflammation is characterized by the microglia activation and concomitant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an increasing neuronal cell death. The decreased neuroinflammation could be obtained by using natural compounds, including flavonoids known to modulate the inflammatory responses. Among flavonoids, quercetin possess multiple pharmacological applications including anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiapoptotic and anti-thrombotic activities, widely demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we describe the recent findings about the neuroprotective action of quercetin by acting with different mechanisms on the microglial cells of CNS. The ability of quercetin to influence microRNA expression represents an interesting skill in the regulation of inflammation, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and immune responses. Moreover, in order to enhance quercetin bioavailability and capacity to target the brain, we discuss an innovative drug delivery system. In summary, this review highlighted an important application of quercetin in the modulation of neuroinflammation and prevention of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benameur
- College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raffaella Soleti
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Salehi C, Seiiedy M, Soraya H, Fazli F, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Pretreatment with bisoprolol and vitamin E alone or in combination provides neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:685-695. [PMID: 33106920 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induces selective neuronal injury in the hippocampus, leading to severe impairment in behavior, learning, and memory functions. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of bisoprolol (biso) and vitamin E (vit E) treatment alone or in combination on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. A total of 30 male rats were divided randomly into five groups (n = 6), sham, I/R, I/R + biso, I/R + vit E, and I/R + biso+vit E. Cerebral I/R group underwent global ischemia by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 20 min. Treatment groups received drugs once daily intraperitoneally for 7 days before the I/R induction. Locomotive and cognitive behaviors were utilized by open-field and Morris water maze tests. After behavioral testing, the brain was removed and processed to evaluate cerebral infarct size, histopathologic changes, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. In I/R group tissue MDA and MPO levels and cerebral infarct size were significantly increased in comparison with the sham group. Furthermore, significant deficits were observed in locomotion and spatial memory after I/R. The areas of cerebral infarction, MPO, and MDA levels in biso, vit E, and combination group were significantly reduced compared with I/R group. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration in all treated groups with the most profound reduction in the combination group. According to the behavioral tests, administration of biso and/or vit E protected locomotive ability and improved spatial memory after cerebral I/R. Our findings show that biso and vit E have beneficial effects against the I/R injury and due to their synergistic effects when administered in combination, may have a more pronounced protective effect on the cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiman Salehi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran
| | - Monireh Seiiedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamid Soraya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Fazli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran.
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The Role of Nanomaterials in Stroke Treatment: Targeting Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8857486. [PMID: 33815664 PMCID: PMC7990543 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8857486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke has a high rate of morbidity and disability, which seriously endangers human health. In stroke, oxidative stress leads to further damage to the brain tissue. Therefore, treatment for oxidative stress is urgently needed. However, antioxidative drugs have demonstrated obvious protective effects in preclinical studies, but the clinical studies have not seen breakthroughs. Nanomaterials, with their characteristically small size, can be used to deliver drugs and have demonstrated excellent performance in treating various diseases. Additionally, some nanomaterials have shown potential in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stroke according to the nature of nanomaterials. The drugs' delivery ability of nanomaterials has great significance for the clinical translation and application of antioxidants. It increases drug blood concentration and half-life and targets the ischemic brain to protect cells from oxidative stress-induced death. This review summarizes the characteristics and progress of nanomaterials in the application of antioxidant therapy in stroke, including ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and neural regeneration. We also discuss the prospect of nanomaterials for the treatment of oxidative stress in stroke and the challenges in their application, such as the toxicity and the off-target effects of nanomaterials.
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Naskar S, Das SK, Sharma S, Kuotsu K. A Review on Designing Poly (Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems. Pharm Nanotechnol 2021; 9:36-50. [PMID: 33319695 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508666201214103010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a versatile synthetic polymer comprehensively
used in the pharmaceutical sector because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability. These benefits
lead to its application in the area of nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery for over thirty years.
This article offers a general study of the different poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PNPs),
preparation methods such as emulsification-solvent evaporation, coacervation, emulsification
solvent diffusion, dialysis, emulsification reverse salting out, spray drying nanoprecipitation, and
supercritical fluid technology, from the methodological point of view. The physicochemical behavior
of PNPs, including morphology, drug loading, particle size and its distribution, surface
charge, drug release, stability as well as cytotoxicity study and cellular uptake, are briefly discussed.
This survey additionally coordinates to bring a layout of the significant uses of PNPs in different
drug delivery system over the three decades. At last, surface modifications of PNPs and PLGA
nanocomplexes (NCs) are additionally examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweet Naskar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjoy Kumar Das
- Institute of Pharmacy, Jalpaiguri, Pin-735101, West Bengal, India
| | - Suraj Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ketousetuo Kuotsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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Subedi L, Gaire BP. Phytochemicals as regulators of microglia/macrophages activation in cerebral ischemia. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Enlightening the neuroprotective effect of quercetin in epilepsy: From mechanism to therapeutic opportunities. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 115:107701. [PMID: 33412369 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of epileptic seizures. Epilepsy stands as a global health concern affecting around 70 million people worldwide. The mainstream antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) only exert symptomatic relief and drug-resistant epilepsy occurs in up to 33 percent of patients. Hence, the investigation of novel therapeutic strategies against epileptic seizures that could exert disease modifying effects is of paramount importance. In this context, compounds of natural origin with potential antiepileptic properties have recently gained increasing attention. Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid with several pharmacological activities. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the antiepileptic potential of quercetin as well. Herein, based on the available evidence, we discuss the neuroprotective effects of quercetin against epileptic seizures and further analyze the plausible underlying molecular mechanisms. Our review suggests that quercetin might be a potential therapeutic candidate against epilepsy that deserves further investigation, and paves the way for the development of plant-derived antiepileptic treatment approaches.
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Mohsenpour H, Pesce M, Patruno A, Bahrami A, Pour PM, Farzaei MH. A Review of Plant Extracts and Plant-Derived Natural Compounds in the Prevention/Treatment of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E833. [PMID: 33467663 PMCID: PMC7830094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the major drawbacks of mortality and causes significant short/long-term neurological dysfunction in newborn infants worldwide. To date, due to multifunctional complex mechanisms of brain injury, there is no well-established effective strategy to completely provide neuroprotection. Although therapeutic hypothermia is the proven treatment for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), it does not completely chang outcomes in severe forms of HIE. Therefore, there is a critical need for reviewing the effective therapeutic strategies to explore the protective agents and methods. In recent years, it is widely believed that there are neuroprotective possibilities of natural compounds extracted from plants against HIE. These natural agents with the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and neurofunctional regulatory properties exhibit preventive or therapeutic effects against experimental neonatal HI brain damage. In this study, it was aimed to review the literature in scientific databases that investigate the neuroprotective effects of plant extracts/plant-derived compounds in experimental animal models of neonatal HI brain damage and their possible underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mohsenpour
- Department of Pediatrics, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 75333–67427, Iran;
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Azam Bahrami
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67158-47141, Iran;
| | - Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67158-47141, Iran;
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Dasdelen D, Solmaz M, Menevse E, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Erdogan E. Increased apoptosis, tumor necrosis factor-α, and DNA damage attenuated by 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol in rats with brain İschemia-reperfusion. Indian J Pharmacol 2021; 53:39-49. [PMID: 33975998 PMCID: PMC8216126 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_727_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This research was aimed to find out the effects of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) on apoptosis, DNA damage, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in the frontal cortex of rats with induced experimental brain ischemi reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 38 Wistar albino male rats were used. Groups were created as 1-Sham; 2-Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R); 3-I/R + DiOHF (10 mg/kg); 4-Ischemia + DiOHF + reperfusion; 5-DiOHF + I/R. I/R was performed by carotid artery ligation for 30 min in anesthesized animals. Following experimental applications, blood samples were taken from anesthetized rats to obtain erythrocyte and plasma. Later, the rats were killed by cervical dislocation, and frontal cortex samples were taken and stored at − 80° C for the analysis. RESULTS: In the ischemic frontal cortex tissue sections degenerate neuron numbers, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cell ratio and caspase-3 positive cell ratio increased. Malondialdehyde, TNF-α, and 8-OHdG levels were increased in both plasma and tissue in ischemia group, whereas tissue and erythrocyte glutathione levels were significantly suppressed. However, these values were significantly reversed by DiOHF treatment. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that I/R significantly increased apoptosis, TNF-α, and DNA damage in rats with brain I/R. However, 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal DiOHF treatment improved deterioted parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dervis Dasdelen
- Deparment of Physiology, Selcuk University, Medical School, Konya, Turkey
| | - Merve Solmaz
- Deparment of Histology, Selcuk University, Medical School, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esma Menevse
- Deparment of Biochemistry, Selcuk University, Medical School, Konya, Turkey
| | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Deparment of Physiology, Selcuk University, Medical School, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Ender Erdogan
- Deparment of Histology, Selcuk University, Medical School, Konya, Turkey
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Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ahmad J, Jeandet P, Sarwar MS, Ashraf GM, Aleya L. Neuroprotective role of polyphenols against oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Meenambal R, Srinivas Bharath MM. Nanocarriers for effective nutraceutical delivery to the brain. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104851. [PMID: 32976906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are common among aging populations around the globe. Most are characterized by loss of neurons, protein aggregates, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, neuroinflammation among others. Although symptomatic treatment using conventional pharmacotherapy has been widely employed, their therapeutic success is limited due to varied reasons. In the need to identify an alternative approach, researchers successfully demonstrated the therapeutic utility of plant-derived nutraceuticals in cell and animal models of neurodegenerative conditions. However, most nutraceuticals failed during clinical trials in humans owing to their poor bioavailability in vivo and limited permeability across the blood brain barrier (BBB). The current emphasis is therefore on the improved delivery of nutraceuticals to the brain. In this regard, development of nanoparticle conjugated nutraceuticals to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy in the brain has gained attention. Here, we review the research advances in nanoparticles conjugated nutraceuticals applied in neurodegenerative disorders and discuss their advantages and limitations, clinical trials and toxicity concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugmani Meenambal
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
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Pechanova O, Dayar E, Cebova M. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular System. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153322. [PMID: 32707934 PMCID: PMC7435870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies document an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a subsequent decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Many natural polyphenols have been demonstrated to decrease ROS generation and/or to induce the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic defense system. Moreover, different polyphenolic compounds have the ability to increase the activity/expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with a subsequent enhancement of NO generation. However, as a result of low absorption and bioavailability of natural polyphenols, the beneficial effects of these substances are very limited. Recent progress in delivering polyphenols to the targeted tissues revealed new possibilities for the use of polymeric nanoparticles in increasing the efficiency and reducing the degradability of natural polyphenols. This review focuses on the effects of different natural polyphenolic substances, especially resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and cherry extracts, and their ability to bind to polymeric nanoparticles, and summarizes the effects of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles, mainly in the cardiovascular system.
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Lossi L, Merighi A, Novello V, Ferrandino A. Protective Effects of Some Grapevine Polyphenols against Naturally Occurring Neuronal Death. Molecules 2020; 25:E2925. [PMID: 32630488 PMCID: PMC7356852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in the biological properties of grapevine polyphenols (PPs) in neuroprotection is continuously growing in the hope of finding translational applications. However, there are several concerns about the specificity of action of these molecules that appear to act non-specifically on the permeability of cellular membranes. Naturally occurring neuronal death (NOND) during cerebellar maturation is a well characterized postnatal event that is very useful to investigate the death and rescue of neurons. We here aimed to establish a baseline comparative study of the potential to counteract NOND of certain grapevine PPs of interest for the oenology. To do so, we tested ex vivo the neuroprotective activity of peonidin- and malvidin-3-O-glucosides, resveratrol, polydatin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-catechin. The addition of these molecules (50 μM) to organotypic cultures of mouse cerebellum explanted at postnatal day 7, when NOND reaches a physiological peak, resulted in statistically significant (two-tailed Mann-Whitney test-p < 0.001) reductions of the density of dead cells (propidium iodide+ cells/mm2) except for malvidin-3-O-glucoside. The stilbenes were less effective in reducing cell death (to 51-60%) in comparison to flavanols, (+)-taxifolin and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (to 69-72%). Thus, molecules with a -OH group in ortho position (taxifolin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, (+)-catechin, and peonidin 3-O-glucoside) have a higher capability to limit death of cerebellar neurons. As NOND is apoptotic, we speculate that PPs act by inhibiting executioner caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences (DSV), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Adalberto Merighi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences (DSV), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Vittorino Novello
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferrandino
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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Wang YY, Chang CY, Lin SY, Wang JD, Wu CC, Chen WY, Kuan YH, Liao SL, Wang WY, Chen CJ. Quercetin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation neurotoxicity. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 83:108436. [PMID: 32599520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Beyond nutrition effect, quercetin is applied as a complement or an alternative for promoting human health and treating diseases. However, its complicated neuroprotective mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. This study provides evidence of an alternative target for quercetin, and sheds light on the mechanisms of its neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Oral pretreatment using quercetin has alleviated cerebral I/R-induced neurological deficits, brain infarction, blood-brain barrier disruption, oxidative stress, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression, along with apoptotic caspase 3 activity. The neuroprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of quercetin were replicated in rat hippocampal slice cultures and neuron/glia cultures which suffered from oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGDR). Biochemical studies revealed a reduction of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt phosphorylation, along with an increase in protein tyrosine and serine/threonine phosphatase activity in cerebral I/R rat cortical tissues and OGDR hippocampal slice and neuron/glia cultures. Quercetin alleviated the changes in ERK/Akt phosphorylation and protein phosphatase activities. Inhibition of ERK or Akt alone was enough to cause apoptotic cell death and cytotoxicity in hippocampal slice cultures and neuron/glia cultures, while activators of ERK or Akt alleviated OGDR-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that quercetin alleviated the increment of protein tyrosine and serine/threonine phosphatase activity, along with the reduction of ERK and Akt phosphorylation, which may play pivotal roles in the expansion of brain injury after cerebral I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yu Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery, Feng Yuan Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan; Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Jiaan-Der Wang
- Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Financial Engineering, Providence University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Data Science and Big Data Analytics, Providence University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Yi Wang
- Department of Nursing, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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