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Theodorou IM, Kapoukranidou D, Theodorou M, Tsetis JK, Menni AE, Tzikos G, Bareka S, Shrewsbury A, Stavrou G, Kotzampassi K. Cosmeceuticals: A Review of Clinical Studies Claiming to Contain Specific, Well-Characterized Strains of Probiotics or Postbiotics. Nutrients 2024; 16:2526. [PMID: 39125405 PMCID: PMC11314542 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin serves as a critical barrier against external threats-dehydration, ultraviolet exposure, and infections-playing a significant role in internal homeostasis and moisture retention. Additionally, and equally importantly, it interacts dynamically with the complex microbiome resident in it, which is essential for maintaining skin health. Recent interest has focused on the use of probiotics and postbiotics, besides their ability to modulate the skin microbiome, to enhance barrier function, and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, to be involved in skincare, by having the potential to improve skin hydration, elasticity, and overall appearance, as well as in reducing signs of aging, such as wrinkles and fine lines. The products-being a combination of a cosmetic regime plus probiotic[s] or postbiotic[s]-are named cosmeceuticals. However, to comply with the regulations for the characterization of a microorganism as a specific probiotic strain, the pro- or postbiotics incorporated into the cosmetic regime should be both genetically and phenotypically defined. Thus, in this review, we present 14 published clinical trials using such cosmetic products with specific, well-characterized strains of probiotics or postbiotics applied to volunteers with healthy skin. Looking at the results of these studies collectively, we can say that these genetically and phenotypically defined strains of either live or inanimate bacteria and/or their components seem to keep the treated skin at least fully hydrated, with intact epithelial tone, increased radiance, and with decreased wrinkle depth, while normalizing the commensal skin microbiota. Future advancements in personalized skin care may lead to genomic sequencing and metabolomics to tailor probiotic and postbiotic treatments to individual skin microbiomes, promising a new frontier in cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorothea Kapoukranidou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Georgios Tzikos
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Bareka
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anne Shrewsbury
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Stavrou
- Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
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Abriouel H, Caballero Gómez N, Manetsberger J, Benomar N. Dual effects of a bacteriocin-producing Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CF-6HA, isolated from fermented aloreña table olives, as potential probiotic and antimicrobial agent. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28408. [PMID: 38560111 PMCID: PMC10981101 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The probiotic potential of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CF-6HA isolated from traditionally fermented Aloreña table olives was analyzed in vitro and in silico. Results obtained suggested that this strain can be catalogued as "talented" bacterium exhibiting bacteriocin production with antimicrobial activity against human/animal and plant pathogens, such as Pseudomonas syringae and Verticillium dahliae. The robustness, safety and probiotic potential of L. pentosus CF-6HA was confirmed by in silico analysis. In addition, a plethora of coding genes for defense and adaptability to different life styles besides functional properties were identified. In this sense, defense mechanisms of L. pentosus CF-6HA consist of 17 ISI elements, 98 transposases and 13 temperate phage regions as well as a CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas system. Moreover, the functionality of this strain was confirmed by the presence of genes coding for secondary metabolites, exopolysaccharides and other bioactive molecules. Finally, we demonstrated the ability of L. pentosus CF-6HA to biotransform selenite to nanoparticles (SeNPs) highlighting its potential role in selenium bioremediation to be exploited in foods, agriculture and the environment; but also for the bio-enrichment of fermented foods with selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmate Abriouel
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - Natacha Caballero Gómez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - Julia Manetsberger
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - Nabil Benomar
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
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3
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Wiull K, Hagen LH, Rončević J, Westereng B, Boysen P, Eijsink VGH, Mathiesen G. Antigen surface display in two novel whole genome sequenced food grade strains, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus KW1 and KW2. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:19. [PMID: 38212746 PMCID: PMC10782763 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02296-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Utilization of commensal bacteria for delivery of medicinal proteins, such as vaccine antigens, is an emerging strategy. Here, we describe two novel food-grade strains of lactic acid bacteria, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus KW1 and KW2, as well as newly developed tools for using this relatively unexplored but promising bacterial species for production and surface-display of heterologous proteins. RESULTS Whole genome sequencing was performed to investigate genomic features of both strains and to identify native proteins enabling surface display of heterologous proteins. Basic characterization of the strains revealed the optimum growth temperatures for both strains to be 35-37 °C, with peak heterologous protein production at 33 °C (KW1) and 37 °C (KW2). Negative staining revealed that only KW1 produces closely bound exopolysaccharides. Production of heterologous proteins with the inducible pSIP-expression system enabled high expression in both strains. Exposure to KW1 and KW2 skewed macrophages toward the antigen presenting state, indicating potential adjuvant properties. To develop these strains as delivery vehicles, expression of the mycobacterial H56 antigen was fused to four different strain-specific surface-anchoring sequences. CONCLUSION All experiments that enabled comparison of heterologous protein production revealed KW1 to be the better recombinant protein production host. Use of the pSIP expression system enabled successful construction of L. pentosus strains for production and surface display of an antigen, underpinning the potential of these strains as novel delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Wiull
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
| | - Live Heldal Hagen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Jelena Rončević
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørge Westereng
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Preben Boysen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Geir Mathiesen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
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4
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In Silico Evidence of the Multifunctional Features of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LPG1, a Natural Fermenting Agent Isolated from Table Olive Biofilms. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050938. [PMID: 36900455 PMCID: PMC10000683 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in obtaining probiotic bacteria from plant origins. This is the case of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LPG1, a lactic acid bacterial strain isolated from table olive biofilms with proven multifunctional features. In this work, we have sequenced and closed the complete genome of L. pentosus LPG1 using both Illumina and PacBio technologies. Our intention is to carry out a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and whole-genome annotation for a further complete evaluation of the safety and functionality of this microorganism. The chromosomic genome had a size of 3,619,252 bp, with a GC (Guanine-Citosine) content of 46.34%. L. pentosus LPG1 also had two plasmids, designated as pl1LPG1 and pl2LPG1, with lengths of 72,578 and 8713 bp (base pair), respectively. Genome annotation revealed that the sequenced genome consisted of 3345 coding genes and 89 non-coding sequences (73 tRNA and 16 rRNA genes). Taxonomy was confirmed by Average Nucleotide Identity analysis, which grouped L. pentosus LPG1 with other sequenced L. pentosus genomes. Moreover, the pan-genome analysis showed that L. pentosus LPG1 was closely related to the L. pentosus strains IG8, IG9, IG11, and IG12, all of which were isolated from table olive biofilms. Resistome analysis reported the absence of antibiotic resistance genes, whilst PathogenFinder tool classified the strain as a non-human pathogen. Finally, in silico analysis of L. pentosus LPG1 showed that many of its previously reported technological and probiotic phenotypes corresponded with the presence of functional genes. In light of these results, we can conclude that L. pentosus LPG1 is a safe microorganism and a potential human probiotic with a plant origin and application as a starter culture for vegetable fermentations.
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Van Holm W, Carvalho R, Delanghe L, Eilers T, Zayed N, Mermans F, Bernaerts K, Boon N, Claes I, Lebeer S, Teughels W. Antimicrobial potential of known and novel probiotics on in vitro periodontitis biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36681674 PMCID: PMC9867767 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several oral diseases are characterized by a shift within the oral microbiome towards a pathogenic, dysbiotic composition. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are often part of patient care. However, because of the rising antibiotic resistance, alternatives are increasingly desirable. Alternatively, supplying beneficial species through probiotics is increasingly showing favorable results. Unfortunately, these probiotics are rarely evaluated comparatively. In this study, the in vitro effects of three known and three novel Lactobacillus strains, together with four novel Streptococcus salivarius strains were comparatively evaluated for antagonistic effects on proximal agar growth, antimicrobial properties of probiotic supernatant and the probiotic's effects on in vitro periodontal biofilms. Strain-specific effects were observed as differences in efficacy between genera and differences within genera. While some of the Lactobacillus candidates were able to reduce the periodontal pathobiont A. actinomycetemcomitans, the S. salivarius strains were not. However, the S. salivarius strains were more effective against periodontal pathobionts P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum. Vexingly, most of the Lactobacillus strains also negatively affected the prevalence of commensal species within the biofilms, while this was lower for S. salivarius strains. Both within lactobacilli and streptococci, some strains showed significantly more inhibition of the pathobionts, indicating the importance of proper strain selection. Additionally, some species showed reductions in non-target species, which can result in unexpected and unexplored effects on the whole microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannes Van Holm
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Rita Carvalho
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Eilers
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Naiera Zayed
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium ,grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin el Kom, Egypt
| | - Fabian Mermans
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Bio- and Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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Spacova I, De Boeck I, Cauwenberghs E, Delanghe L, Bron PA, Henkens T, Simons A, Gamgami I, Persoons L, Claes I, van den Broek MFL, Schols D, Delputte P, Coenen S, Verhoeven V, Lebeer S. Development of a live biotherapeutic throat spray with lactobacilli targeting respiratory viral infections. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:99-115. [PMID: 36468246 PMCID: PMC9803329 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses such as influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coronaviruses initiate infection at the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract (URT), where the resident respiratory microbiome has an important gatekeeper function. In contrast to gut-targeting administration of beneficial bacteria against respiratory viral disease, topical URT administration of probiotics is currently underexplored, especially for the prevention and/or treatment of viral infections. Here, we report the formulation of a throat spray with live lactobacilli exhibiting several in vitro mechanisms of action against respiratory viral infections, including induction of interferon regulatory pathways and direct inhibition of respiratory viruses. Rational selection of Lactobacillaceae strains was based on previously documented beneficial properties, up-scaling and industrial production characteristics, clinical safety parameters, and potential antiviral and immunostimulatory efficacy in the URT demonstrated in this study. Using a three-step selection strategy, three strains were selected and further tested in vitro antiviral assays and in formulations: Lacticaseibacillus casei AMBR2 as a promising endogenous candidate URT probiotic with previously reported barrier-enhancing and anti-pathogenic properties and the two well-studied model strains Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1 that display immunomodulatory capacities. The three strains and their combination significantly reduced the cytopathogenic effects of RSV, influenza A/H1N1 and B viruses, and HCoV-229E coronavirus in co-culture models with bacteria, virus, and host cells. Subsequently, these strains were formulated in a throat spray and human monocytes were employed to confirm the formulation process did not reduce the interferon regulatory pathway-inducing capacity. Administration of the throat spray in healthy volunteers revealed that the lactobacilli were capable of temporary colonization of the throat in a metabolically active form. Thus, the developed spray with live lactobacilli will be further explored in the clinic as a potential broad-acting live biotherapeutic strategy against respiratory viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Spacova
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Ilke De Boeck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Eline Cauwenberghs
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Peter A. Bron
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | | | | | - Leentje Persoons
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationRega InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Marianne F. L. van den Broek
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationRega InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | - Peter Delputte
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Samuel Coenen
- Family Medicine and Population Health (FAMPOP)University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium,Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO)University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Veronique Verhoeven
- Family Medicine and Population Health (FAMPOP)University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
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7
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Detection and identification of Lactobacillus acidophilus species and its commercial probiotic strains using CRISPR loci-based amplicon analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Abriouel H, Manetsberger J, Caballero Gómez N, Benomar N. In silico genomic analysis of the potential probiotic Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CF2-10N reveals promising beneficial effects with health promoting properties. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:989824. [PMID: 36406402 PMCID: PMC9670130 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.989824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CF2-10 N, isolated from brines of naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives, exhibited high probiotic potential. High throughput sequencing and annotation of genome sequences underline the potential of L. pentosus CF2-10 N as excellent probiotic candidate of vegetable origin. In a previous study we could show the probiotic potential of CF2-10 N in vitro, while in this study in silico analysis of its genome revealed new insights into its safety and functionality. Our findings highlight the microorganism's ecological flexibility and adaptability to a broad range of environmental niches, food matrices and the gastrointestinal tract. These features are shared by both phylogenetically very close L. pentosus strains (CF2-10 N and MP-10) isolated from the same ecological niche with respect to their genome size (≅ 3.6 Mbp), the presence of plasmids (4-5) and several other properties. Nonetheless, additional and unique features are reported in the present study for L. pentosus CF2-10 N. Notably, the safety of L. pentosus CF2-10 N was shown by the absence of virulence determinants and the determination of acquired antibiotic resistance genes, i.e., resistome, which is mostly represented by efflux-pump resistance genes responsible for the intrinsic resistance. On the other hand, defense mechanisms of L. pentosus CF2-10 N include eight prophage regions and a CRISPR/cas system (CRISPR-I and CRISPR-II) as acquired immune system against mobile elements. Finally, the probiotic potential of this strain was further demonstrated by the presence of genes coding for proteins involved in adhesion, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, tolerance to low pH and bile salts, immunomodulation, and vitamin and enzyme production. Taken together these results, we propose the use of L. pentosus CF2-10 N as a potential and promising probiotic candidate able to colonize several niches and adapt to different lifestyles. The strain can provide attractive functional and probiotic features necessary for its application as starter culture and probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmate Abriouel
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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9
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Raethong N, Santivarangkna C, Visessanguan W, Santiyanont P, Mhuantong W, Chokesajjawatee N. Whole-genome sequence analysis for evaluating the safety and probiotic potential of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus 9D3, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing strain isolated from Thai pickled weed. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:969548. [PMID: 36212812 PMCID: PMC9539741 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus pentosus 9D3, a prominent gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing bacteria isolated from Thai pickled weed was characterized for its safety and probiotic properties via whole-genome analysis and in vitro testing. The whole-genome sequence of L. pentosus 9D3 was determined using a hybrid-sequencing approach, combining PacBio and Illumina technologies. A 3.81-Mbp genome of L. pentosus 9D3 consisting of one 3.65-Mbp chromosome and six plasmids (1.9–71.9 Kbp) was identified with an estimated GC content of 46.09% and 3,456 predicted genes. The strain was confirmed to be Lactiplantibacillus pentosus according to the high average nucleotide identity value of >95% and digital DNA–DNA hybridization scores of >70% to the L. pentosus type strain. Comparative genome analysis with other L. pentosus strains showed that the GABA-producing capability was specific to the strain 9D3. Genes related to GABA biosynthesis and transport were identified on a plasmid, pLPE-70K, indicating the acquired nature of this property. The safety of L. pentosus 9D3 was demonstrated through the lack of genes related to the production of toxins, biogenic amines, and antimicrobial drugs. Although the strain exhibited resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol, none of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were associated with mobile elements, i.e., plasmids and prophages. Therefore, the strain is considered to have low risk of transferring the AMR genes to other, potentially pathogenic bacteria. In addition, L. pentosus 9D3 showed good survivability in the gastrointestinal tract environment and was able to adhere to the intestinal cell in vitro. Therefore, L. pentosus 9D3 is concluded to be safe, with the potential to be used as a probiotic, exerting its health benefit through GABA production in the food system. The GABA-producing capability of the strain in vivo is the subject of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachon Raethong
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Nachon Raethong, ; Nipa Chokesajjawatee,
| | | | - Wonnop Visessanguan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pannita Santiyanont
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Mhuantong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Nipa Chokesajjawatee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Nachon Raethong, ; Nipa Chokesajjawatee,
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Spacova I, Ahannach S, Breynaert A, Erreygers I, Wittouck S, Bron PA, Van Beeck W, Eilers T, Alloul A, Blansaer N, Vlaeminck SE, Hermans N, Lebeer S. Spontaneous Riboflavin-Overproducing Limosilactobacillus reuteri for Biofortification of Fermented Foods. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916607. [PMID: 35757245 PMCID: PMC9218631 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin-producing lactic acid bacteria represent a promising and cost-effective strategy for food biofortification, but production levels are typically insufficient to support daily human requirements. In this study, we describe the novel human isolate Limosilactobacillus reuteri AMBV339 as a strong food biofortification candidate. This strain shows a high natural riboflavin (vitamin B2) overproduction of 18.36 μg/ml, biomass production up to 6 × 1010 colony-forming units/ml (in the typical range of model lactobacilli), and pH-lowering capacities to a pH as low as 4.03 in common plant-based (coconut, soy, and oat) and cow milk beverages when cultured up to 72 h at 37°C. These properties were especially pronounced in coconut beverage and butter milk fermentations, and were sustained in co-culture with the model starter Streptococcus thermophilus. Furthermore, L. reuteri AMBV339 grown in laboratory media or in a coconut beverage survived in gastric juice and in a simulated gastrointestinal dialysis model with colon phase (GIDM-colon system) inoculated with fecal material from a healthy volunteer. Passive transport of L. reuteri AMBV339-produced riboflavin occurred in the small intestinal and colon stage of the GIDM system, and active transport via intestinal epithelial Caco-2 monolayers was also demonstrated. L. reuteri AMBV339 did not cause fecal microbiome perturbations in the GIDM-colon system and inhibited enteric bacterial pathogens in vitro. Taken together, our data suggests that L. reuteri AMBV339 represents a promising candidate to provide riboflavin fortification of plant-based and dairy foods, and has a high application potential in the human gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Spacova
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Ahannach
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annelies Breynaert
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Erreygers
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter A Bron
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Eilers
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abbas Alloul
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Naïm Blansaer
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nina Hermans
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation as function of its butyrogenic capability. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112755. [PMID: 35276466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli have been shown to inhibit or suppress cancer cell growth through the release of strain-specific bioactive metabolites and their inclusion in functional foods could exert a health promoting activity on human health. Herein, we examined the antiproliferative activity of the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains S2T10D and O2T60C, which have been previously shown to exert different butyrogenic activities. Human HT-29 cells were employed as an in vitro colon cancer model and both bacterial strains were found to inhibit their growth. However, the strain S2T10D showed a greater antiproliferative activity which, interestingly, was correlated to its butyrogenic capability. Noteworthy, for the non-butyrogenic strain O2T60C, the growth inhibitory capability was rather limited. Furthermore, both the butyrate-containing supernatant of S2T10D and glucose-deprived cell culture medium supplemented with the same concentration of butyrate found in S2T10D supernatant, induced a pH-independent cancer cell growth inhibition accompanied by downregulation of cyclin D1 at mRNA level. The downregulation of cyclin D1 gene expression was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and decrease of cyclin B1 and D1 protein levels. This in vitro study underlines the impact of Lpb. plantarum in the growth inhibition of cancer cells, and proposes butyrate-mediated cell cycle regulation as a potential involved mechanism. Since the production of butyric acid in Lpb. plantarum has been proven strain-dependent and differentially boosted by specific prebiotic compounds, our results open future research paths to determine whether this metabolic activity could be modulated in vivo by enhancing this antiproliferative effects on cancer cells.
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12
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Lebeer S, Oerlemans EFM, Claes I, Henkens T, Delanghe L, Wuyts S, Spacova I, van den Broek MFL, Tuyaerts I, Wittouck S, De Boeck I, Allonsius CN, Kiekens F, Lambert J. Selective targeting of skin pathobionts and inflammation with topically applied lactobacilli. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100521. [PMID: 35243421 PMCID: PMC8861818 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tailored skin microbiome modulation approaches with probiotics are highly challenging. Here, we show that lactobacilli are underestimated members of the skin microbiota. We select specific strains of nomadic lactobacilli for their functional applicability on the skin and capacity to inhibit growth and inflammation by skin pathobionts. The strains are formulated as microcapsules for topical formulations and tested in patients with mild-to-moderate acne. The selected lactobacilli are able to reduce inflammatory lesions in a pilot and placebo-controlled study. Daily application for 8 weeks is associated with an in vivo temporary modulation of the microbiome, including a reduction in relative abundance of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes, and an increase in lactobacilli. The reduction in inflammatory lesions is still apparent 4 weeks after the topical application of the lactobacilli ended, indicating a possible additional immunomodulatory effect. This study shows that carefully selected and formulated lactobacilli are a viable therapeutic option for common acne lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline F M Oerlemans
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingmar Claes
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Henkens
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irina Spacova
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne F L van den Broek
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ines Tuyaerts
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilke De Boeck
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille N Allonsius
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip Kiekens
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Julien Lambert
- University Hospital Antwerp/University of Antwerp, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
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13
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Onwuliri V, Agbakoba NR, Anukam KC. Topical cream containing live lactobacilli decreases malodor-producing bacteria and downregulates genes encoding PLP-dependent enzymes on the axillary skin microbiome of healthy adult Nigerians. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:2989-2998. [PMID: 33434392 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical data exist that support the utility of topical probiotics for certain dermatological diseases such as atopic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis. However, there is paucity of data on the use of live lactobacilli to control axillary malodor. The objective of this study was to determine whether application of topical oil-based cream containing live Lactobacilli could decrease malodor-producing bacteria in the axilla of healthy subjects. AIMS To determine the effects of topical cream with live lactobacilli on malodor-producing bacteria in the axilla of healthy subjects. PATIENTS/METHODS Twenty-five adult volunteers comprising 12 males and 13 females provided informed consent. Axillary skin swabs were collected before and after 14 days application of topical cream containing live Lactobacillus pentosus KCA1. Bacterial DNA was extracted, and V4 region of the 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced in a pair-end configuration on the Illumina MiSeq platform rendering 2 × 150 bp sequences. Microbial taxonomy to species level was generated using the Greengenes database. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) was used to identify biologically and statistically significant differences in relative abundance. RESULTS Actinobacteria decreased from 70% to 24%, and Firmicutes increased from 26.6% to 73.9% among the female participants. In males, Actinobacteria decreased from 65% to 38%, while Firmicutes increased from 24% to 57%. Corynebacterium decreased from 62.91% to 36.63%, while Lactobacillus increased from 0.06% to 23.11%. In males, unliked females, there were reduction of Staphylococcus species associated with malodor, notably Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus hemolyticus, and Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Bacterial functional gene- Pyridoxal protein dependent enzymes involved in biotransformation of malodor precursor to volatile thioalcohols were down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS Application of Lactobacillus pentosus KCA1 cream led to a significant decrease in the relative abundance of odor-producing Corynebacterium species in both female and male subjects. Some species associated with malodor especially Corynebacterium striatum, Corynebacterium jeikeium, Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, and Staphylococcus hominis decreased by 96%, 73%, 7%, and 20.8%, respectively, in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Onwuliri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Nneka R Agbakoba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley C Anukam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Uzobiogene Genomics, London, ON, Canada
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14
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Pérez-Díaz IM, Johanningsmeier SD, Anekella K, Pagán-Medina CG, Méndez-Sandoval L, Arellano C, Price R, Daughtry KV, Borges M, Bream C, Connelly L, Dieck SE, Levi MT, McMurtrie EK, Smith RE, Theora JC, Wendland P, Gómez-Rodríguez F, Arroyo-López FN. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity among Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus isolated from industrial scale cucumber fermentations. Food Microbiol 2020; 94:103652. [PMID: 33279077 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus genotypes existing in industrial-scale cucumber fermentations were defined using rep-PCR-(GTG)5. The ability of each genotype to ferment cucumbers under various conditions was evaluated. Rep-PCR-(GTG)5 was the technique capable of illustrating the most intraspecies discrimination compared to the sequencing of housekeeping genes (recA, dnaK, pheS and rpoA), MLST and RAPD with primers LP1, OPL5, M14 and COC. Ten genotypic clusters were defined for the 199 L. pentosus tested and three for the 17 L. plantarum clones. The ability of the 216 clones genotyped and 37 additional cucumber fermentation isolates, of the same species, to rapidly decrease the pH of cucumber juice medium under various combinations of sodium chloride (0 or 6%), initial pH (4.0 or 5.2) and temperatures (15 or 30 °C) was determined using a fractional factorial screening design. A reduced fermentation ability was observed for the L. plantarum strains as compared to L. pentosus, except for clone 3.2.8, which had a ropy phenotype and aligned to genotypic cluster A. L. pentosus strains belonging to three genotypic clusters (B, D and J) were more efficient in cucumber juice fermentation as compared to most L. plantarum strains. This research identified three genetically diverse L. pentosus strains and one L. plantarum as candidates for starter cultures for commercial cucumber fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenys M Pérez-Díaz
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Food Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | | | - Kartheek Anekella
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Lesley Méndez-Sandoval
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Consuelo Arellano
- North Carolina State University, Department of Statistics, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Robert Price
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Katheryne V Daughtry
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michelle Borges
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Chloe Bream
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Lauren Connelly
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Susan E Dieck
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Meredith T Levi
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Erin K McMurtrie
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA; North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Rickey E Smith
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeannette C Theora
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA; North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paige Wendland
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Francisco Gómez-Rodríguez
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa, (CSIC), Campo Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Noé Arroyo-López
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa, (CSIC), Campo Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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15
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Anekella K, Pérez-Díaz IM. Characterization of robust Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus starter cultures for environmentally friendly low-salt cucumber fermentations. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3487-3497. [PMID: 32893884 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Seven candidates for starter cultures for cucumber fermentations belonging to the Lactobacillus pentosus and Lactobacillus plantarum species were characterized based on physiological features desired for pickling. The isolates presented variable carbohydrate utilization profile on API® 50CHL test strips. The L. pentosus strains were unable to utilize d-xylose in MRS broth or the M medium. The lactobacilli were unable to produce histamine, tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine in biogenic amine broth containing the necessary precursors. Production of d-lactic acid by the lactobacilli, detected enzymatically, was stimulated by growth in MRS broth as compared to cucumber juice medium (CJM). The lactobacilli utilized malic acid in the malate decarboxylase medium. Exopolyssacharide biosynthesis related genes were amplified from the lactobacilli. A sugar type-dependent-ropy phenotype was apparent for all the cultures tested in MRS and CJM. The genes associated with bacteriocin production were detected in the lactobacilli, but not the respective phenotypes. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the lactobacilli mimics that of other L. plantarum starter cultures. It is concluded that the lactobacilli strains studied here are suitable starter cultures for cucumber fermentation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The availability of such starter cultures enables the implementation of low salt cucumber fermentations that can generate products with consistent biochemistry and microbiological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartheek Anekella
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ilenys M Pérez-Díaz
- USDA-Agriculture Research Service-Food Science & Market Quality and Handling Research Unit, 322 Schaub Hall, Raleigh, 27695, USA
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16
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Butorac K, Banić M, Novak J, Leboš Pavunc A, Uroić K, Durgo K, Oršolić N, Kukolj M, Radović S, Scalabrin S, Žučko J, Starčević A, Šušković J, Kos B. The functional capacity of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C and S-layer-carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B to withstand gastrointestinal transit. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:106. [PMID: 32430020 PMCID: PMC7236188 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the functional capacity of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C and S-layer-carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B to withstand gastrointestinal transit and to compete among the gut microbiota in vivo. Considering the probiotic potential of Lb. brevis SF9B, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of Lb. plantarum SF9C and their potential for in vivo colonisation in rats, which could be the basis for the investigation of their synergistic functionality. Results A plantaricin-encoding cluster was identified in Lb. plantarum SF9C, a strain which efficiently inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC® 19111™ and Staphylococcus aureus 3048. Homology-based three-dimensional (3D) structures of SF9C plantaricins PlnJK and PlnEF were predicted using SWISS-MODEL workspace and the helical wheel representations of the plantaricin peptide helices were generated by HELIQUEST. Contrary to the plantaricin-producing SF9C strain, the S-layer-carrying SF9B strain excluded Escherichia coli 3014 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium FP1 from the adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Finally, PCR-DGGE analysis of the V2–V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the transit of the two selected lactobacilli through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Microbiome profiling via the Illumina MiSeq platform revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut microbiota of the Lactobacillus-treated rats, even on the 10th day after the Lactobacillus application, compared to the microbiota of the healthy and AlCl3-exposed rats before Lactobacillus treatment. Conclusion The combined application of Lb. plantarum SF9C and Lb. brevis SF9B was able to influence the intestinal microbiota composition in rats, which was reflected in the increased abundance of Lactobacillus genus, but also in the altered abundances of other bacterial genera, either in the model of healthy or aberrant gut microbiota of rats. The antibacterial activity and capacity to withstand in GIT conditions contributed to the functional aspects of SF9C and SF9B strains that could be incorporated in the probiotic-containing functional foods with a possibility to positively modulate the gut microbiota composition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Butorac
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Banić
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Novak
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Leboš Pavunc
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Uroić
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Durgo
- Laboratory for Biology and Microbial Genetics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Kukolj
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Simone Scalabrin
- IGA Technology Services srl, via Jacopo Linussio 51, Udine, Italy
| | - Jurica Žučko
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Starčević
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jagoda Šušković
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blaženka Kos
- Laboratory for Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia.
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17
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Impact of a lactobacilli-containing gel on vulvovaginal candidosis and the vaginal microbiome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7976. [PMID: 32409699 PMCID: PMC7224289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is a common condition with severe symptoms and high recurrence rates. Probiotic lactobacilli are explored as alternatives to azole treatments. Although the vaginal microbiota is generally not depleted in lactobacilli during VVC, studies indicate that the functionality and antimicrobial activity of the lactobacilli is impaired. We selected three strains from the Lactobacillus genus complex (L. rhamnosus GG, L. pentosus KCA1 and L. plantarum WCFS1) based on in vitro evaluation and formulated them in a gel for vaginal application. This gel was evaluated in 20 patients suffering from acute VVC, who were followed for four weeks including a 10-day treatment period. The microbiome was assessed through 16S rRNA (bacteria) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS; fungi) amplicon sequencing, supplemented with quantitative PCR, culture and microscopy for Candida evaluation. 45% of women did not require rescue medication (3×200 mg fluconazole), implying an improvement of their symptoms. These women showed similar end concentrations of fungi as women treated with fluconazole. Moreover, fluconazole appeared to reduce numbers of endogenous lactobacilli. Our study points towards important aspects for future selection of lactobacilli for probiotic use in VVC and the need to investigate possible negative influences of azoles on the vaginal bacterial community.
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18
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Screening of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria in Chinese homemade pickle and dry-cured meat, and bacteriocin identification by genome sequencing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Jo YM, Seo H, Kim GY, Cheon SW, Kim SA, Park TS, Hurh BS, Han NS. Lactobacillus pentosus SMB718 as a probiotic starter producing allyl mercaptan in garlic and onion-enriched fermentation. Food Funct 2020; 11:10913-10924. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus pentosus SMB718 has the properties of being a beneficial probiotic for human health and is a desirable starter for better flavor in fermented allium species plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Jo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Ga Yun Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Seong Won Cheon
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Seul-Ah Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Tae Soon Park
- Sempio Fermentation Research Center
- Sempio Foods Company
- Cheongju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Serk Hurh
- Sempio Fermentation Research Center
- Sempio Foods Company
- Cheongju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Han
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
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20
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Comparative Genomic Analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum: An Overview. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:4973214. [PMID: 31093491 PMCID: PMC6481158 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4973214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacillus plantarum is widely used in the manufacture of dairy products, fermented foods, and bacteriocins. The genomes of the strains contain multiple genes which may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Many of these genes are important for the regulation, metabolism, and transport of various sugars; however, other genes may carry and spread virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants. In this way, monitoring these genomes is essential to the manufacture of food. In this study, we aim to provide an overview of the genomic properties of L. plantarum based on approaches of comparative genomics. Results The finding of the current study indicates that the core genome of L. plantarum presents 1425 protein-coding genes and is mostly related to the metabolic process. The accessory genome has on average 1320 genes that encodes protein involved in processes as the formation of bacteriocins, degradation of halogen, arsenic detoxification, and nisin resistance. Most of the strains show an ancestral synteny, similar to the one described in the genomes of L. pentosus KCA1 and L. plantarum WCFS1. The lifestyle island analyses did not show a pattern of arrangement or gene content according to habitat. Conclusions Our results suggest that there is a high rate of transfer of genetic material between the strains. We did not identify any virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes on the genomes. Thus, the strains may be useful for the biotechnology, bioremediation, and production of bacteriocins. The potential applications are, however, restricted to particular strains.
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21
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Allonsius CN, Vandenheuvel D, Oerlemans EFM, Petrova MI, Donders GGG, Cos P, Delputte P, Lebeer S. Inhibition of Candida albicans morphogenesis by chitinase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2900. [PMID: 30814593 PMCID: PMC6393446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli have been evaluated as probiotics against Candida infections in several clinical trials, but with variable results. Predicting and understanding the clinical efficacy of Lactobacillus strains is hampered by an overall lack of insights into their modes of action. In this study, we aimed to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of lactobacilli on hyphal morphogenesis, which is a crucial step in C. albicans virulence. Based on a screening of different Lactobacillus strains, we found that the closely related taxa L. rhamnosus, L. casei and L. paracasei showed stronger activity against Candida hyphae formation compared to other Lactobacillus species tested. By exploring the activity of purified compounds and mutants of the model strain L. rhamnosus GG, the major peptidoglycan hydrolase Msp1, conserved in the three closely related taxa, was identified as a key effector molecule. We could show that this activity of Msp1 was due to its ability to break down chitin, the main polymer in the hyphal cell wall of C. albicans. This identification of a Lactobacillus-specific protein with chitinase activity having anti-hyphal activity will assist in better strain selection and improved application in future clinical trials for Lactobacillus-based Candida-management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Nina Allonsius
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline F M Oerlemans
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariya I Petrova
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gilbert G G Donders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Femicare Clinical Research for Women, Tienen, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Peter Delputte
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium.
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22
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Fideler J, Johanningsmeier SD, Ekelöf M, Muddiman DC. Discovery and quantification of bioactive peptides in fermented cucumber by direct analysis IR-MALDESI mass spectrometry and LC-QQQ-MS. Food Chem 2018; 271:715-723. [PMID: 30236736 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides have been identified in lactic acid bacteria fermented foods including cultured milk, sourdough, and cured meats; however, their presence has not been investigated in fermented vegetables. In this study, infrared, matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) mass spectrometry (MS) was employed to identify bioactive peptides in fermented cucumber. Natural and starter culture fermented cucumbers were prepared in triplicate in sodium chloride brines and compared to acidified cucumbers. Putative matches of known food-derived bioactive peptides were identified by direct analysis using IR-MALDESI-MS. Peptides were confirmed by IR-MALDESI MS/MS and quantified by LC-MS/MS. Three angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides, IPP (0.42-0.49 mg/kg), LPP (0.30-0.33 mg/kg), and VPP (0.32-0.35 mg/kg) were formed in fermented cucumbers. A fourth ACE inhibitory peptide, KP (0.93-1.5 mg/kg), was enhanced 3-5 fold in fermented cucumbers compared with acidified cucumbers. This work demonstrates that lactic acid bacteria fermentation can enhance bioactive peptide content in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fideler
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, SEA, Food Science Research Unit, 322 Schaub Hall, Box 7624, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624, USA
| | - Suzanne D Johanningsmeier
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, SEA, Food Science Research Unit, 322 Schaub Hall, Box 7624, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624, USA; North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Måns Ekelöf
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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23
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Huang ML, Huang JY, Kao CY, Fang TJ. Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus pentosus SLC13, isolated from mustard pickles, a potential probiotic strain with antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. Gut Pathog 2018; 10:1. [PMID: 29375672 PMCID: PMC5774169 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-018-0228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacillus pentosus SLC13 is a high exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to grow in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. SLC13 was isolated from mustard pickles in Taiwan for potential probiotic applications. To better understand the molecular base for its antimicrobial activity and high EPS production, entire genome of SLC13 was determined by PacBio SMRT sequencing. Results L. pentosus SLC13 contains a genome with a 3,520,510-bp chromosome and a 62,498-bp plasmid. GC content of the complete genome was 46.5% and that of plasmid pSLC13 was 41.3%. Sequences were annotated at the RAST prokaryotic genome annotation server, and the results showed that the genome contained 3172 coding sequences and 82 RNA genes. Seventy-six protein-coding sequences were identified on the plasmid pSLC13. A plantaricin gene cluster, which is responsible for bacteriosins biosynthesis and could be associated with its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, was identified based on comparative genomic analysis. Two gene clusters involved in EPS production were also identified. Conclusion This genomic sequence might contribute to a future application of this strain as probiotic in productive livestock potentially inhibiting competing and pathogenic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Lang Huang
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250 Kuokuang Rd., Taichung, 40227 Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yao Huang
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250 Kuokuang Rd., Taichung, 40227 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Kao
- 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Tony J Fang
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250 Kuokuang Rd., Taichung, 40227 Taiwan.,3Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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24
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Abstract
The reproductive tract of females lies at the core of humanity. The immensely complex process that leads to successful reproduction is miraculous yet invariably successful. Microorganisms have always been a cause for concern for their ability to infect this region, yet it is other, nonpathogenic microbial constituents now uncovered by sequencing technologies that offer hope for improving health. The universality of Lactobacillus species being associated with health is the basis for therapeutic opportunities, including through engineered strains. The manipulation of these and other beneficial constituents of the microbiota and their functionality, as well as their metabolites, forms the basis for new diagnostics and interventions. Within 20 years, we should see significant improvements in how cervicovaginal health is restored and maintained, thus providing relief to the countless women who suffer from microbiota-associated disorders.
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25
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Turpin W, Weiman M, Guyot JP, Lajus A, Cruveiller S, Humblot C. The genomic and transcriptomic basis of the potential of Lactobacillus plantarum A6 to improve the nutritional quality of a cereal based fermented food. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 266:346-354. [PMID: 29037836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate the nutritional potential of Lactobacillus plantarum A6 in a food matrix using next generation sequencing. To this end, we characterized the genome of the A6 strain for a complete overview of its potential. We then compared its transcriptome when grown in a food matrix made from pearl millet to and its transcriptome when cultivated in a laboratory medium. Genomic comparison of the strain L. plantarum A6 with the strains WCFS1, ST-III, JDM1 and ATCC14917 led to the identification of five regions of genomic plasticity. More specifically, 362 coding sequences, mostly annotated as coding for proteins of unknown functions, were specific to L. plantarum A6. A total of 1201 genes were significantly differentially expressed in laboratory medium and food matrix. Among them, 821 genes were up-regulated in the food matrix compared to the laboratory medium, representing 23% of whole genomic objects. In the laboratory medium, the expression of 380 genes, representing 11% of the all genomic objects was at least double than in the food matrix. Genes encoding important functions for the nutritional quality of the food were identified. Considering its efficiency as an amylolytic strain, we investigated all genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, paying particular attention to starch metabolism. An extracellular alpha amylase, a neopullulanase and maltodextrin transporters were identified, all of which were highly expressed in the food matrix. In addition, genes involved in alpha-galactoside metabolism were identified but only two of them were induced in food matrix than in laboratory medium. This may be because alpha galactosides were already eliminated during soaking. Different biosynthetic pathways involved in the synthesis of vitamin B (folate, riboflavin, and cobalamin) were identified. They allowed the identification of a potential of vitamin synthesis, which should be confirmed through biochemical analysis in further work. Surprisingly, some genes involved in metabolism and bioaccessibility of iron were identified. They were related directly to the use of transport of iron, or indirectly to metabolism of polyphenols, responsible of iron chelation in the food. The combination of genomics and transcriptomics not only revealed previously undocumented nutritional properties of L. plantarum A6, but also documented the behaviour of this bacterium in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Turpin
- IRD, UMR NUTRIPASS, IRD/Montpellier2/Montpellier1, F-34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Weiman
- CNRS-UMR 8030 and Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA/DSV/IG/Genoscope LABGeM, Evry, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Guyot
- IRD, UMR NUTRIPASS, IRD/Montpellier2/Montpellier1, F-34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Lajus
- CNRS-UMR 8030 and Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA/DSV/IG/Genoscope LABGeM, Evry, France
| | - Stéphane Cruveiller
- CNRS-UMR 8030 and Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA/DSV/IG/Genoscope LABGeM, Evry, France
| | - Christèle Humblot
- IRD, UMR NUTRIPASS, IRD/Montpellier2/Montpellier1, F-34394 Montpellier, France.
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26
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Abriouel H, Pérez Montoro B, Casado Muñoz MDC, Knapp CW, Gálvez A, Benomar N. In silico genomic insights into aspects of food safety and defense mechanisms of a potentially probiotic Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10 isolated from brines of naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176801. [PMID: 28651019 PMCID: PMC5484467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, isolated from brines of naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives, exhibited high probiotic potential. The genome sequence of L. pentosus MP-10 is currently considered the largest genome among lactobacilli, highlighting the microorganism's ecological flexibility and adaptability. Here, we analyzed the complete genome sequence for the presence of acquired antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants to understand their defense mechanisms and explore its putative safety in food. The annotated genome sequence revealed evidence of diverse mobile genetic elements, such as prophages, transposases and transposons involved in their adaptation to brine-associated niches. In-silico analysis of L. pentosus MP-10 genome sequence identified a CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas (CRISPR-associated protein genes) as an immune system against foreign genetic elements, which consisted of six arrays (4-12 repeats) and eleven predicted cas genes [CRISPR1 and CRISPR2 consisted of 3 (Type II-C) and 8 (Type I) genes] with high similarity to L. pentosus KCA1. Bioinformatic analyses revealed L. pentosus MP-10 to be absent of acquired antibiotic resistance genes, and most resistance genes were related to efflux mechanisms; no virulence determinants were found in the genome. This suggests that L. pentosus MP-10 could be considered safe and with high-adaptation potential, which could facilitate its application as a starter culture and probiotic in food preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmate Abriouel
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez Montoro
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Casado Muñoz
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Charles W. Knapp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Nabil Benomar
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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27
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Pérez-Díaz I, Hayes J, Medina E, Anekella K, Daughtry K, Dieck S, Levi M, Price R, Butz N, Lu Z, Azcarate-Peril M. Reassessment of the succession of lactic acid bacteria in commercial cucumber fermentations and physiological and genomic features associated with their dominance. Food Microbiol 2017; 63:217-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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The Application of Molecular Methods Towards an Understanding of the Role of the Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Disease. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mim.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Malki K, Shapiro JW, Price TK, Hilt EE, Thomas-White K, Sircar T, Rosenfeld AB, Kuffel G, Zilliox MJ, Wolfe AJ, Putonti C. Genomes of Gardnerella Strains Reveal an Abundance of Prophages within the Bladder Microbiome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166757. [PMID: 27861551 PMCID: PMC5115800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial surveys of the vaginal and bladder human microbiota have revealed an abundance of many similar bacterial taxa. As the bladder was once thought to be sterile, the complex interactions between microbes within the bladder have yet to be characterized. To initiate this process, we have begun sequencing isolates, including the clinically relevant genus Gardnerella. Herein, we present the genomic sequences of four Gardnerella strains isolated from the bladders of women with symptoms of urgency urinary incontinence; these are the first Gardnerella genomes produced from this niche. Congruent to genomic characterization of Gardnerella isolates from the reproductive tract, isolates from the bladder reveal a large pangenome, as well as evidence of high frequency horizontal gene transfer. Prophage gene sequences were found to be abundant amongst the strains isolated from the bladder, as well as amongst publicly available Gardnerella genomes from the vagina and endometrium, motivating an in depth examination of these sequences. Amongst the 39 Gardnerella strains examined here, there were more than 400 annotated prophage gene sequences that we could cluster into 95 homologous groups; 49 of these groups were unique to a single strain. While many of these prophages exhibited no sequence similarity to any lytic phage genome, estimation of the rate of phage acquisition suggests both vertical and horizontal acquisition. Furthermore, bioinformatic evidence indicates that prophage acquisition is ongoing within both vaginal and bladder Gardnerella populations. The abundance of prophage sequences within the strains examined here suggests that phages could play an important role in the species’ evolutionary history and in its interactions within the complex communities found in the female urinary and reproductive tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kema Malki
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jason W. Shapiro
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Travis K. Price
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Evann E. Hilt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Krystal Thomas-White
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Trina Sircar
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Amy B. Rosenfeld
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Loyola Genomics Facility, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gina Kuffel
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Loyola Genomics Facility, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Zilliox
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Montoro BP, Benomar N, Lavilla Lerma L, Castillo Gutiérrez S, Gálvez A, Abriouel H. Fermented Aloreña Table Olives as a Source of Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus pentosus Strains. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1583. [PMID: 27774088 PMCID: PMC5054007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A collection of 31 Lactobacillus pentosus strains isolated from naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives were screened in depth in the present study for their probiotic potential. Several strains could be considered promising probiotic candidates since they showed good growth capacity and survival under simulated gastro-intestinal conditions (acidic pH of 1.5, up to 4% of bile salts and 5 mM of nitrate), good ability to auto-aggregate which may facilitate their adhesion to host cells as multiple aggregates and the subsequent displacement of pathogens. Moreover, co-aggregation of lactobacilli with pathogenic bacteria was shown with Listeria innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Enteritidis as good defense strategy against gut and food pathogens. Furthermore, they exhibited adherence to intestinal and vaginal cell lines, such property could be reinforced by their capacity of biofilm formation which is also important in food matrices such as the olive surface. Their antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria by means of acids and plantaricins, and also their different functional properties may determine their efficacy not only in the gastro-intestinal tract but also in food matrices. Besides their ability to ferment several prebiotics, the new evidence in the present study was their capacity to ferment lactose which reinforces their use in different food matrices including dairy as a dietary adjunct to improve lactose digestibility. Lactobacillus pentosus CF2-10N was selected to have the best probiotic profile being of great interest in further studies. In conclusion, spontaneous fermented Aloreña table olives are considered a natural source of potential probiotic L. pentosus to be included as adjunct functional cultures in different fermented foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pérez Montoro
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Nabil Benomar
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Leyre Lavilla Lerma
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Sonia Castillo Gutiérrez
- Área de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Hikmate Abriouel
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de JaénJaén, Spain
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31
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Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Clinical Pathogens. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8070227. [PMID: 27447671 PMCID: PMC4963858 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8070227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are prevalent in bacteria and archaea. Although not essential for normal cell growth, TA systems are implicated in multiple cellular functions associated with survival under stress conditions. Clinical strains of bacteria are currently causing major human health problems as a result of their multidrug resistance, persistence and strong pathogenicity. Here, we present a review of the TA systems described to date and their biological role in human pathogens belonging to the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) and others of clinical relevance (Escherichia coli, Burkholderia spp., Streptococcus spp. and Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Better understanding of the mechanisms of action of TA systems will enable the development of new lines of treatment for infections caused by the above-mentioned pathogens.
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32
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Casado Muñoz MDC, Benomar N, Ennahar S, Horvatovich P, Lavilla Lerma L, Knapp CW, Gálvez A, Abriouel H. Comparative proteomic analysis of a potentially probiotic Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10 for the identification of key proteins involved in antibiotic resistance and biocide tolerance. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 222:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Zhang JD, Cui ZM, Fan XJ, Wu HL, Chang HH. Cloning and characterization of two distinct water-forming NADH oxidases from Lactobacillus pentosus for the regeneration of NAD. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:603-11. [PMID: 26801669 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two uncharacterized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidases (named as LpNox1, LpNox2) from Lactobacillus pentosus ATCC 8041 were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The sequence analysis revealed that the two enzymes are water-forming Noxs with 64 % and 52 % identity to LbNox from Lactobacillus brevis DSM 20054. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified LpNox1 and LpNox2 were 7.0 and 8.0 and 35 and 40 °C, respectively, with K M of 99.0 μM (LpNox1) and 27.6 μM (LpNox2), and yielding catalytic efficiency k cat/K M of 1.0 and 0.2 μM(-1) s(-1), respectively. Heat inactivation studies revealed that the two enzymes are relatively instable. The application of LpNox1 for the regeneration of NAD(+) was demonstrated by coupling with a glycerol dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation of glycerol to 1,3-dihydroxyacetone. The characteristics of the LpNox1 could prove to be of interest in industrial application such as NAD(+) regeneration in dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Dong Zhang
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No.79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Mei Cui
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No.79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Fan
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No.79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua-Lei Wu
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No.79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hong Chang
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No.79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China
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34
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Nader-Macías MEF, Juárez Tomás MS. Profiles and technological requirements of urogenital probiotics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 92:84-104. [PMID: 25858665 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host, are considered a valid and novel alternative for the prevention and treatment of female urogenital tract infections. Lactobacilli, the predominant microorganisms of the healthy human vaginal microbiome, can be included as active pharmaceutical ingredients in probiotics products. Several requirements must be considered or criteria fulfilled during the development of a probiotic product or formula for the female urogenital tract. This review deals with the main selection criteria for urogenital probiotic microorganisms: host specificity, potential beneficial properties, functional specifications, technological characteristics and clinical trials used to test their effect on certain physiological and pathological conditions. Further studies are required to complement the current knowledge and support the clinical applications of probiotics in the urogenital tract. This therapy will allow the restoration of the ecological equilibrium of the urogenital tract microbiome as well as the recovery of the sexual and reproductive health of women.
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35
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Nami Y, Abdullah N, Haghshenas B, Radiah D, Rosli R, Khosroushahi AY. Assessment of probiotic potential and anticancer activity of newly isolated vaginal bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum 5BL. Microbiol Immunol 2015; 58:492-502. [PMID: 25039934 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous bacteria in and on its external parts protect the human body from harmful threats. This study aimed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of the vaginal ecosystem microbiota. A type of bacteria was isolated from vaginal secretions of adolescent and young adult women, cultured on an appropriate specific culture medium, and then molecularly identified through 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Results of 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the isolate belongs to the Lactobacillus plantarum species. The isolated strain exhibited probiotic properties such as low pH and high bile salt concentration tolerance, antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacteria. The anticancer effects of the strain on human cancer cell lines (cervical, HeLa; gastric, AGS; colon, HT-29; breast, MCF-7) and on a human normal cell line (human umbilical vein endothelial cells [HUVEC]) were investigated. Toxic side effects were assessed by studying apoptosis in the treated cells. The strain exhibited desirable probiotic properties and remarkable anticancer activity against the tested human cancer cell lines (P ≤ 0.05) with no significant cytotoxic effects on HUVEC normal cells (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, the isolated strain showed favorable potential as a bioactive therapeutic agent. Therefore, this strain should be subjected to the other required tests to prove its suitability for clinical therapeutic application.
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Petrova MI, Lievens E, Malik S, Imholz N, Lebeer S. Lactobacillus species as biomarkers and agents that can promote various aspects of vaginal health. Front Physiol 2015; 6:81. [PMID: 25859220 PMCID: PMC4373506 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body is colonized by a vast number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the human microbiota. One of the main microbiota body sites is the female genital tract, commonly dominated by Lactobacillus spp., in approximately 70% of women. Each individual species can constitute approximately 99% of the ribotypes observed in any individual woman. The most frequently isolated species are Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii and Lactobacillus iners. Residing at the port of entry of bacterial and viral pathogens, the vaginal Lactobacillus species can create a barrier against pathogen invasion since mainly products of their metabolism secreted in the cervicovaginal fluid can play an important role in the inhibition of bacterial and viral infections. Therefore, a Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota appears to be a good biomarker for a healthy vaginal ecosystem. This balance can be rapidly altered during processes such as menstruation, sexual activity, pregnancy and various infections. An abnormal vaginal microbiota is characterized by an increased diversity of microbial species, leading to a condition known as bacterial vaginosis. Information on the vaginal microbiota can be gathered from the analysis of cervicovaginal fluid, by using the Nugent scoring or the Amsel's criteria, or at the molecular level by investigating the number and type of Lactobacillus species. However, when translating this to the clinical setting, it should be noted that the absence of a Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota does not appear to directly imply a diseased condition or dysbiosis. Nevertheless, the widely documented beneficial role of vaginal Lactobacillus species demonstrates the potential of data on the composition and activity of lactobacilli as biomarkers for vaginal health. The substantiation and further validation of such biomarkers will allow the design of better targeted probiotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya I Petrova
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elke Lievens
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shweta Malik
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Imholz
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium ; Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
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Garcés ME, Sequeiros C, Olivera NL. Marine Lactobacillus pentosus H16 protects Artemia franciscana from Vibrio alginolyticus pathogenic effects. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2015; 113:41-50. [PMID: 25667335 DOI: 10.3354/dao02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen which may affect different aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to assess the probiotic properties and the protective mode of action of Lactobacillus pentosus H16 against V. alginolyticus 03/8525, through in vitro and in vivo studies using Artemia franciscana (hereafter Artemia). This strain showed antimicrobial activity against V. alginolyticus 03/8525 and Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida ATCC33658 possibly related to lactobacilli organic acid production. It was able to survive at high rainbow trout bile concentrations and showed high selective adhesion to rainbow trout mucus (1.2×10(5)±8.0×10(3) cells cm(-2)). H16 outcompeted V. alginolyticus 03/8525 and A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida ATCC33658, greatly reducing their adherence to rainbow trout mucus (64.8 and 74.1%, respectively). Moreover, H16 produced a cell-bound biosurfactant which caused an important decrease in the surface tension. H16 also protected Artemia nauplii against mortality when it was administered previous to V. alginolyticus 03/8525 inoculation. Furthermore, H16 bioencapsulated in Artemia, suggesting that it is possible to use live carriers in its administration. We conclude that the ability of L. pentosus H16 to selectively adhere to mucosal surfaces and produce cell-bound biosurfactants, displacing pathogenic strains, in addition to its antimicrobial activity, confer H16 competitive advantages against pathogens as demonstrated in in vivo challenge experiments. Thus, L. pentosus H16, a marine bacterium from the intestinal tract of hake, is an interesting probiotic for Artemia culture and also has the potential to prevent vibriosis in other aquaculture activities such as larvae culture and fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Garcés
- Centro Nacional Patagónico (CONICET), Boulevard Brown 2915, U9120ACF Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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Franz CM, Huch M, Mathara JM, Abriouel H, Benomar N, Reid G, Galvez A, Holzapfel WH. African fermented foods and probiotics. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 190:84-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zheng PX, Fang HY, Yang HB, Tien NY, Wang MC, Wu JJ. Lactobacillus pentosus strain LPS16 produces lactic acid, inhibiting multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2014; 49:168-74. [PMID: 24874430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric pathogen. Antibiotic resistance of H. pylori has become a problem increasing the failure of H. pylori eradication. Therefore alternative approaches are required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-H. pylori activity of Lactobacillus pentosus strain LPS16 and the mechanism of its killing effect. METHODS The anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16 was determined by the disc diffusion test and time killing assay. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis was used to analyze the secreted compounds of LPS16. Sixty H. pylori strains isolated from different gastric diseases, having different antibiotic susceptibility were collected to analyze the spectrum of anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16. Adhesion ability of LPS16 to gastric epithelial cell lines was assayed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16 depended on the secreted component, and lactic acid mediated bactericidal activity against H. pylori. The bactericidal activity did not vary significantly among the strains isolated from different diseases having different antibiotic susceptibility. Moreover, LPS16 can adhere on gastric epithelial cell lines AKG and MKN45. CONCLUSION L. pentosus strain LPS16 had the broad-spectrum anti-H. pylori activity, suggesting that it can be used to prevent H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Xing Zheng
- Institutes of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Bai Yang
- Department of Pathology, Ton-Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yueh Tien
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wang
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Jong Wu
- Institutes of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signal Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Mirmonsef P, Spear GT. The barrier to HIV transmission provided by genital tract Lactobacillus colonization. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:531-6. [PMID: 24661438 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While resistance to HIV transmission is due to multiple mechanisms such as the epithelium, a lower genital tract microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus appears to play an important role. This article reviews selected recent research on genital tract microbiota in women including how microbiota impacts HIV resistance and factors affecting Lactobacillus colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Mirmonsef
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Petrova MI, van den Broek M, Balzarini J, Vanderleyden J, Lebeer S. Vaginal microbiota and its role in HIV transmission and infection. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2014; 37:762-92. [PMID: 23789590 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The urogenital tract appears to be the only niche of the human body that shows clear differences in microbiota between men and women. The female reproductive tract has special features in terms of immunological organization, an epithelial barrier, microbiota, and influence by sex hormones such as estrogen. While the upper genital tract is regarded as free of microorganisms, the vagina is colonized by bacteria dominated by Lactobacillus species, although their numbers vary considerably during life. Bacterial vaginosis is a common pathology characterized by dysbiosis, which increases the susceptibility for HIV infection and transmission. On the other hand, HIV infections are often characterized by a disturbed vaginal microbiota. The endogenous vaginal microbiota may protect against HIV by direct production of antiviral compounds, through blocking of adhesion and transmission by ligands such as lectins, and/or by stimulation of immune responses. The potential role of probiotics in the prevention of HIV infections and associated symptoms, by introducing them to the vaginal and gastrointestinal tract (GIT), is also discussed. Of note, the GIT is a site of considerable HIV replication and CD4(+) T-cell destruction, resulting in both local and systemic inflammation. Finally, genetically engineered lactobacilli show promise as new microbicidal agents against HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya I Petrova
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
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Malik S, Petrova MI, Claes IJJ, Verhoeven TLA, Busschaert P, Vaneechoutte M, Lievens B, Lambrichts I, Siezen RJ, Balzarini J, Vanderleyden J, Lebeer S. The highly autoaggregative and adhesive phenotype of the vaginal Lactobacillus plantarum strain CMPG5300 is sortase dependent. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:4576-85. [PMID: 23709503 PMCID: PMC3719525 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00926-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli are important for the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem in the human vagina. Various mechanisms are postulated but so far are poorly substantiated by molecular studies, such as mutant analysis. Bacterial autoaggregation is an interesting phenomenon that can promote adhesion to host cells and displacement of pathogens. In this study, we report on the identification of a human vaginal isolate, Lactobacillus plantarum strain CMPG5300, which shows high autoaggregative and adhesive capacity. To investigate the importance of sortase-dependent proteins (SDPs) in these phenotypes, a gene deletion mutant was constructed for srtA, the gene encoding the housekeeping sortase that covalently anchors these SDPs to the cell surface. This mutant lost the capacity to autoaggregate, showed a decrease in adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells, and lost biofilm-forming capacity under the conditions tested. These results indicate that the housekeeping sortase SrtA of CMPG5300 is a key determinant of the peculiar surface properties of this vaginal Lactobacillus strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Malik
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariya I. Petrova
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingmar J. J. Claes
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Pieter Busschaert
- KU Leuven Association, Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Lievens
- KU Leuven Association, Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- University Hasselt, Laboratory of Histology, Biomed Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Roland J. Siezen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Vanderleyden
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Antwerp, Belgium
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Smokvina T, Wels M, Polka J, Chervaux C, Brisse S, Boekhorst J, van Hylckama Vlieg JET, Siezen RJ. Lactobacillus paracasei comparative genomics: towards species pan-genome definition and exploitation of diversity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68731. [PMID: 23894338 PMCID: PMC3716772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus paracasei is a member of the normal human and animal gut microbiota and is used extensively in the food industry in starter cultures for dairy products or as probiotics. With the development of low-cost, high-throughput sequencing techniques it has become feasible to sequence many different strains of one species and to determine its "pan-genome". We have sequenced the genomes of 34 different L. paracasei strains, and performed a comparative genomics analysis. We analysed genome synteny and content, focussing on the pan-genome, core genome and variable genome. Each genome was shown to contain around 2800-3100 protein-coding genes, and comparative analysis identified over 4200 ortholog groups that comprise the pan-genome of this species, of which about 1800 ortholog groups make up the conserved core. Several factors previously associated with host-microbe interactions such as pili, cell-envelope proteinase, hydrolases p40 and p75 or the capacity to produce short branched-chain fatty acids (bkd operon) are part of the L. paracasei core genome present in all analysed strains. The variome consists mainly of hypothetical proteins, phages, plasmids, transposon/conjugative elements, and known functions such as sugar metabolism, cell-surface proteins, transporters, CRISPR-associated proteins, and EPS biosynthesis proteins. An enormous variety and variability of sugar utilization gene cassettes were identified, with each strain harbouring between 25-53 cassettes, reflecting the high adaptability of L. paracasei to different niches. A phylogenomic tree was constructed based on total genome contents, and together with an analysis of horizontal gene transfer events we conclude that evolution of these L. paracasei strains is complex and not always related to niche adaptation. The results of this genome content comparison was used, together with high-throughput growth experiments on various carbohydrates, to perform gene-trait matching analysis, in order to link the distribution pattern of a specific phenotype to the presence/absence of specific sets of genes.
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