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Zhang J, Deng YT, Liu J, Gan L, Jiang Y. Role of transforming growth factor-β1 pathway in angiogenesis induced by chronic stress in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2366451. [PMID: 38857055 PMCID: PMC11168221 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2366451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress can induce stress-related hormones; norepinephrine (NE) is considered to have the highest potential in cancer. NE can stimulate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and tumor angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS Tumor-bearing mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress and treated with normal saline, human monoclonal VEGF-A neutralizing antibody bevacizumab, or β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist (propranolol). Tumor growth and vessel density were also evaluated. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were treated with NE, propranolol, or the inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor Type I kinase (Ly2157299) in vitro. TGF-β1 in mouse serum and cell culture supernatants was quantified using ELISA. The expression of HIF-1α was measured using Real time-PCR and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were tested. RESULTS Chronic restraint stress attenuated the efficacy of bevacizumab and promoted tumor growth and angiogenesis in a colorectal tumor model. Propranolol blocked this effect and inhibited TGF-β1 elevation caused by chronic restraint stress or NE. NE upregulated HIF-1α expression, which was reversed by propranolol or Ly2157299. Propranolol and Ly2157199 blocked NE-stimulated cancer cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the effect of NE on tumor angiogenesis and the critical role of TGF-β1 signaling during this process. In addition, β-AR/TGF-β1 signaling/HIF-1α/VEGF is a potential signaling pathway. This study also indicates that psychosocial stress might be a risk factor which weakens the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Tiao Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Yang D, Sun Y, Wen P, Chen Y, Cao J, Sun X, Dong Y. Chronic Stress-induced Serotonin Impairs Intestinal Epithelial Cell Mitochondrial Biogenesis via the AMPK-PGC-1α Axis. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4476-4495. [PMID: 39247815 PMCID: PMC11380450 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.97275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is closely associated with gastrointestinal disorders. However, the impact of stress-related neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) on the intestines under chronic stress conditions remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which 5-HT affects mitochondrial biogenesis and intestinal barrier integrity during chronic stress. Employing a chronic restraint stress (CRS) mouse model, we observed elevated intestinal 5-HT levels, altered colonic mucosal structure, and disrupted tight junctions. The increase in 5-HT was associated with up-regulated serotonin synthesis enzymes and downregulated serotonin reuptake transporters, indicating an imbalance in serotonin homeostasis imbalance caused by chronic stress. Furthermore, serotonin exacerbated oxidative stress and impaired tight junction protein expression, highlighting its role in promoting intestinal barrier dysfunction. Experiments with cells in vitro demonstrated that 5-HT impairs mitochondrial biogenesis by inhibiting the AMPK-PGC-1α axis via 5-HT7 receptors and the cAMP-PKA pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of serotonin synthesis or 5-HT7 receptors alleviated the intestinal barrier damage caused by 5-HT and chronic stress, restoring mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings provide compelling evidence that serotonin exacerbates chronic stress-induced intestinal barrier disruption by inhibiting the AMPK-PGC-1α axis, paving the way for novel therapeutic interventions targeting the detrimental effects of serotonin on the intestine, particularly under chronic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, P.R. China
| | - Pei Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xuelin Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yulan Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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3
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Miller CN, Li Y, Beier KT, Aoto J. Acute stress causes sex-dependent changes to ventral subiculum synapses, circuitry, and anxiety-like behavior. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.02.606264. [PMID: 39131353 PMCID: PMC11312572 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.02.606264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Experiencing a single severe stressor is sufficient to drive sexually dimorphic psychiatric disease development. The ventral subiculum (vSUB) emerges as a site where stress may induce sexually dimorphic adaptations due to its sex-specific organization and pivotal role in stress integration. Using a 1-hr acute restraint stress model, we uncover that stress causes a net decrease in vSUB activity in females that is potent, long-lasting, and driven by adrenergic receptor signaling. By contrast, males exhibit a net increase in vSUB activity that is transient and driven by corticosterone signaling. We further identified sex-dependent changes in vSUB output to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and in anxiety-like behavior in response to stress. These findings reveal striking changes in psychiatric disease-relevant brain regions and behavior following stress with sex-, cell-type, and synapse-specificity that contribute to our understanding of sex-dependent adaptations that may shape stress-related psychiatric disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley N Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
| | - Kevin T Beier
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
| | - Jason Aoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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4
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Jin M, Wang Y, Zhou T, Li W, Wen Q. Norepinephrine/β 2-Adrenergic Receptor Pathway Promotes the Cell Proliferation and Nerve Growth Factor Production in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2023; 26:268-285. [PMID: 37387350 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2023.26.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) accounts for 90% of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). IDC is mainly derived from the breast ductal epithelium which is innervated by the 4th to 6th thoracic sympathetic nerves. However, little is known about the contribution of the interactions between sympathetic nerves and breast cancer cells to the malignant progression of TNBC. METHODS The expression levels of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR, encoded by ADRB2 gene), nerve growth factor (NGF), and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) were determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC). NGF expression levels in the serum were compared by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The β2-AR, NGF, p-ERK, and p-CERB expression levels were determined using western blotting. TNBC cells and neuronal cells of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in 2-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were co-cultured. Using norepinephrine (NE), NGF, and β2-AR, NGF/TrkA blocker pretreatments, the axon growth of each group of DRG neuron cells was detected by immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS The sympathetic adrenergic neurotransmitter NE activated the ERK signaling pathway in TNBC cells. NE/β2-AR signaling promotes NGF secretion. NGF further facilitates the malignant progression of TNBC by increasing sympathetic neurogenesis. In the co-culture assay, the sympathetic adrenergic NE/β2-AR signal pathway also enhanced NGF secretion. NGF binds TrkA in DRG neurons and promotes axonal growth. CONCLUSION These results suggest that NE/β2-AR pathway promotes cell proliferation and NGF production in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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5
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Vignjević Petrinović S, Milošević MS, Marković D, Momčilović S. Interplay between stress and cancer-A focus on inflammation. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1119095. [PMID: 37020461 PMCID: PMC10067747 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1119095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an integral part of life. While acute responses to stress are generally regarded as beneficial in dealing with immediate threats, chronic exposure to threatening stimuli exerts deleterious effects and can be either a contributing or an aggravating factor for many chronic diseases including cancer. Chronic psychological stress has been identified as a significant factor contributing to the development and progression of cancer, but the mechanisms that link chronic stress to cancer remain incompletely understood. Psychological stressors initiate multiple physiological responses that result in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system, and the subsequent changes in immune function. Chronic stress exposure disrupts the homeostatic communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems, shifting immune signaling toward a proinflammatory state. Stress-induced chronic low-grade inflammation and a decline in immune surveillance are both implicated in cancer development and progression. Conversely, tumor-induced inflammatory cytokines, apart from driving a tumor-supportive inflammatory microenvironment, can also exert their biological actions distantly via circulation and therefore adversely affect the stress response. In this minireview, we summarize the current findings on the relationship between stress and cancer, focusing on the role of inflammation in stress-induced neuroendocrine-immune crosstalk. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms and their potential for cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Vignjević Petrinović
- Group for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Sanja Vignjević Petrinović,
| | - Maja S. Milošević
- Group for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Marković
- Group for Immunology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Momčilović
- Group for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Guan Y, Yao W, Yu H, Feng Y, Zhao Y, Zhan X, Wang Y. Chronic stress promotes colorectal cancer progression by enhancing glycolysis through β2-AR/CREB1 signal pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2006-2019. [PMID: 37151872 PMCID: PMC10158030 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide, and chronic stress has been considered as a significant risk factor for CRC. However, the role of chronic stress in CRC progression is unclear. The present study showed that pre-exposure to chronic stress facilitated CRC tumor growth in mice, and epinephrine promoted CRC cell proliferation in vitro. Metabolomics analysis revealed that chronic stress reshaped metabolic pathways to enhance glycolysis. Additional studies have shown that stress enhanced the expression levels of glycolytic-associated enzymes, including GLUT1, HK2 and PFKP. Mechanistically, chronic stress activated the β2-AR/PKA/CREB1 pathway, as a result, phosphorylated CREB1 transcriptional induced glycolytic enzymes expression. Furthermore, stress-induced cell proliferation and tumor growth could be reversed by administration of glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and β2-AR antagonist ICI118,551, respectively. Altogether, these findings define novel insights into the stress-induced epinephrine-mediated CRC progression from the point of view of tumor energy metabolism reprogramming and provide a perspective on targeting glycolysis as a potential approach in stress-associated CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhan
- Center of Urology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Yan Wang ()
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7
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Jabir NR, Firoz CK, Zughaibi TA, Alsaadi MA, Abuzenadah AM, Al-Asmari AI, Alsaieedi A, Ahmed BA, Ramu AK, Tabrez S. A literature perspective on the pharmacological applications of yohimbine. Ann Med 2022; 54:2861-2875. [PMID: 36263866 PMCID: PMC9590431 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2131330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Phytochemicals have garnered much attention because they are useful in managing several human diseases. Yohimbine is one such phytochemical with significant pharmacological potential and could be exploited for research by medicinal chemists. It is an indole alkaloid obtained from various natural/synthetic sources.Aims and Results: The research on yohimbine started early, and its use as a stimulant and aphrodisiac by humans has been reported for a long time. The pharmacological activity of yohimbine is mediated by the combined action of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It selectively blocks the pre and postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors and has a moderate affinity for α1 and α2 subtypes. Yohimbine also binds to other behaviourally relevant monoaminergic receptors in the following order: α-2 NE > 5HT-1A>, 5HT-1B > 1-D > D3 > D2 receptors.Conclusion: The current review highlights some significant findings that contribute to developing yohimbine-based drugs. It also highlights the therapeutic potential of yohimbine against selected human diseases. However, further research is recommended on the pharmacokinetics, molecular mechanisms, and drug safety requirements using well-designed randomized clinical trials to produce yohimbine as a pharmaceutical agent for human use.Key MessagesYohimbine is a natural indole alkaloid with significant pharmacological potential.Humans have used it as a stimulant and aphrodisiac from a relatively early time.It blocks the pre- and postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors that could be exploited for managing erectile dysfunction, myocardial dysfunction, inflammatory disorders, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasimudeen R Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Chelapram K Firoz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, MIMS College of Allied Health Sciences, ASTER MIMS Academy, Malappuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, India
| | - Torki A Zughaibi
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alsaadi
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Asmari
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory Department, King Abdul-Aziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahdab Alsaieedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Arun Kumar Ramu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Obesity and cancer-extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and adrenergic signaling as unusual suspects linking the two diseases. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:517-547. [PMID: 36074318 PMCID: PMC9470659 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an established risk factor for several human cancers. Given the association between excess body weight and cancer, the increasing rates of obesity worldwide are worrisome. A variety of obesity-related factors has been implicated in cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapy. These factors include circulating nutritional factors, hormones, and cytokines, causing hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and adipose tissue dysfunction. The impact of these conditions on cancer development and progression has been the focus of extensive literature. In this review, we concentrate on processes that can link obesity and cancer, and which provide a novel perspective: extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and adrenergic signaling. We describe molecular mechanisms involved in these processes, which represent putative targets for intervention. Liver, pancreas, and breast cancers were chosen as exemplary disease models. In view of the expanding epidemic of obesity, a better understanding of the tumorigenic process in obese individuals might lead to more effective treatments and preventive measures.
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9
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Wang C, Shen Y, Ni J, Hu W, Yang Y. Effect of chronic stress on tumorigenesis and development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:485. [PMID: 35974132 PMCID: PMC11071880 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to aggravates tumorigenesis and development. Although the importance of SNS and HPA in maintaining homeostasis has already attracted much attention, there is still a lot remained unknown about the molecular mechanisms by which chronic stress influence the occurrence and development of tumor. While some researches have already concluded the mechanisms underlying the effect of chronic stress on tumor, complicated processes of tumor progression resulted in effects of chronic stress on various stages of tumor remains elusive. In this reviews we concluded recent research progresses of chronic stress and its effects on premalignancy, tumorigenesis and tumor development, we comprehensively summarized the molecular mechanisms in between. And we highlight the available treatments and potential therapies for stressed patients with tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Jabir NR, Khan MS, Alafaleq NO, Naz H, Ahmed BA. Anticancer potential of yohimbine in drug-resistant oral cancer KB-ChR-8-5 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9565-9573. [PMID: 35970968 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for environmentally friendly and cost-effective plant-based products for the development of cancer therapeutics has been increasing. Yohimbine (α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) is a stimulant and aphrodisiac used to improve erectile dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of yohimbine in drug-resistant oral cancer KB-ChR-8-5 cells using different biomolecular techniques. METHODS We estimated the anticancer efficacy of yohimbine using different assays, such as MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell cytotoxicity, cell morphology, cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and modulation in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS Yohimbine showed a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 44 µM against KB-ChR-8-5 cancer cell lines. Yohimbine treatment at 40 µM and 50 µM resulted in a considerable change in cell morphology, including shrinkage, detachment, membrane blebbing, and deformed shape. Moreover, at the dose of IC50 and above, a significant induction was observed in the generation of ROS and depolarization of MMP. The possible mechanisms of action of yohimbine underlying the dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity may be due to the induction of apoptosis, ROS generation, and modulation of MMP. CONCLUSION Overall, yohimbine showed a significant anticancer potential against drug-resistant oral cancer KB-ChR-8-5 cells. Our study suggests that besides being an aphrodisiac, yohimbine can be used as a drug repurposing agent. However, more research is required in different in vitro and in vivo models to confirm the feasibility of yohimbine in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasimudeen R Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613403, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nouf Omar Alafaleq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613403, India.
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11
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Wang J, Lu S, Meng Y, Zhou X, Fu W. Beta adrenergic blockade and clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 929:175135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Lopes M, Vieira de Castro J, Pojo M, Gonçalves CS, Martins EP, Coimbra B, Sotiropoulos I, Sousa N, Rodrigues AJ, Costa BM. Chronic Stress Does Not Influence the Survival of Mouse Models of Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:856210. [PMID: 35402232 PMCID: PMC8990973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.856210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of a clear association between stress and cancer is still a matter of debate. Recent studies suggest that chronic stress is associated with some cancer types and may influence tumor initiation and patient prognosis, but its role in brain tumors is not known. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain cancer, for which effective treatments do not exist. Understanding how chronic stress, or its effector hormones glucocorticoids (GCs), may modulate GBM aggressiveness is of great importance. To address this, we used both syngeneic and xenograft in vivo orthotopic mouse models of GBM, in immunocompetent C57BL/6J or immunodeficient NSG mice, respectively, to evaluate how different paradigms of stress exposure could influence GBM aggressiveness and animals’ overall survival (OS). Our results demonstrated that a previous exposure to exogenous corticosterone administration, chronic restraint stress, or chronic unpredictable stress do not impact the OS of these mice models of GBM. Concordantly, ex vivo analyses of various GBM-relevant genes showed similar intra-tumor expression levels across all experimental groups. These findings suggest that corticosterone and chronic stress do not significantly affect GBM aggressiveness in murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lopes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Vieira de Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marta Pojo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Céline S Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduarda P Martins
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Coimbra
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana João Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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13
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Li X, Peng X, Yang S, Wei S, Fan Q, Liu J, Yang L, Li H. Targeting tumor innervation: premises, promises, and challenges. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:131. [PMID: 35338118 PMCID: PMC8956600 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A high intratumoral nerve density is correlated with poor survival, high metastasis, and high recurrence across multiple solid tumor types. Recent research has revealed that cancer cells release diverse neurotrophic factors and exosomes to promote tumor innervation, in addition, infiltrating nerves can also mediate multiple tumor biological processes via exosomes and neurotransmitters. In this review, through seminal studies establishing tumor innervation, we discuss the communication between peripheral nerves and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and revealed the nerve-tumor regulation mechanisms on oncogenic process, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and immunity. Finally, we discussed the promising directions of ‘old drugs newly used’ to target TME communication and clarified a new line to prevent tumor malignant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xueqiang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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14
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Kostoff RN, Briggs MB, Kanduc D, Shores DR, Kovatsi L, Drakoulis N, Porter AL, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA. Contributing factors common to COVID‑19 and gastrointestinal cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 47:16. [PMID: 34779496 PMCID: PMC8611322 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The devastating complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) result from the dysfunctional immune response of an individual following the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Multiple toxic stressors and behaviors contribute to underlying immune system dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 exploits the dysfunctional immune system to trigger a chain of events, ultimately leading to COVID-19. The authors have previously identified a number of contributing factors (CFs) common to myriad chronic diseases. Based on these observations, it was hypothesized that there may be a significant overlap between CFs associated with COVID-19 and gastrointestinal cancer (GIC). Thus, in the present study, a streamlined dot-product approach was used initially to identify potential CFs that affect COVID-19 and GIC directly (i.e., the simultaneous occurrence of CFs and disease in the same article). The nascent character of the COVID-19 core literature (~1-year-old) did not allow sufficient time for the direct effects of numerous CFs on COVID-19 to emerge from laboratory experiments and epidemiological studies. Therefore, a literature-related discovery approach was used to augment the COVID-19 core literature-based ‘direct impact’ CFs with discovery-based ‘indirect impact’ CFs [CFs were identified in the non-COVID-19 biomedical literature that had the same biomarker impact pattern (e.g., hyperinflammation, hypercoagulation, hypoxia, etc.) as was shown in the COVID-19 literature]. Approximately 2,250 candidate direct impact CFs in common between GIC and COVID-19 were identified, albeit some being variants of the same concept. As commonality proof of concept, 75 potential CFs that appeared promising were selected, and 63 overlapping COVID-19/GIC potential/candidate CFs were validated with biological plausibility. In total, 42 of the 63 were overlapping direct impact COVID-19/GIC CFs, and the remaining 21 were candidate GIC CFs that overlapped with indirect impact COVID-19 CFs. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that COVID-19 and GIC share a number of common risk/CFs, including behaviors and toxic exposures, that impair immune function. A key component of immune system health is the removal of those factors that contribute to immune system dysfunction in the first place. This requires a paradigm shift from traditional Western medicine, which often focuses on treatment, rather than prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Neil Kostoff
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Gainesville, VA 20155, USA
| | | | - Darja Kanduc
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, I‑70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Darla Roye Shores
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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15
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Garcia-Laguna G, Gerena-Cruz MF, Sánchez AY, Monroy-Gomez J, Dueñas Z. Chronic stress caused by maternal separation is a possible risk factor for the development of 7,12-dimethyl benzo anthracene-induced breast tumors in rats. Physiol Behav 2021; 235:113399. [PMID: 33766603 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress has been investigated as a risk factor for breast cancer. Maternal separation (MS) of rats has been used as a chronic stress model that alters certain systemic functions, such as the immune response. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the possible effect of MS on the development of breast tumors induced by 7,12-dimethyl benzo anthracene (DMBA). METHODOLOGY postnatal day (PND) 1 female Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups that either were or were not subjected to MS and either received or did not receive DMBA. For MS, PND 1 to 21 pups were separated from their mothers for 360 min/day. On PND 30, carcinomas were induced in mammary glands using DMBA. Body weight was evaluated, and the injected region was palpated. In addition, the mammary glands were subjected to histological examination, and corticosterone levels were determined in all groups. RESULTS DMBA-induced groups had significantly lower body weight gain compared with the non-DMBA-induced groups. Maternal separation increased the incidence of preneoplastic changes and breast carcinogenesis in DMBA-treated animals compared with control animals. Corticosterone levels were increased in both DMBA-induced and MS groups without interaction. CONCLUSION MS is a possible risk factor for DMBA-induced preneoplastic changes and breast tumors in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Garcia-Laguna
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la salud, Grupo de investigación Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA), Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - María Fernanda Gerena-Cruz
- Grupo de Investigación Neurobiología y Comportamiento - Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Angel Yobany Sánchez
- Grupo de Patología - Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Jeison Monroy-Gomez
- Grupo de Investigación Capacidades Humanas, Salud e Inclusión - Institución Universitaria Escuela Colombiana de Rehabilitacion, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Zulma Dueñas
- Grupo de Investigación Neurobiología y Comportamiento - Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
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16
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Unveiling the pathogenesis of perineural invasion from the perspective of neuroactive molecules. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114547. [PMID: 33838132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is characterized by an encounter between the cancer cells and neuronal fibers and holds an extremely poor prognosis for malignant tumors. The exact molecular mechanism behind PNI yet remains to be explored. However, it is worth-noting that an involvement of the neuroactive molecules plays a major part in this process. A complex signaling network comprising the interplay between immunological cascades and neurogenic molecules such as tumor-derived neurotrophins, neuromodulators, and growth factors constitutes an active microenvironment for PNI associated with malignancy. The present review aims at discussing the following points in relation to PNI: a) Communication between PNI and neuroplasticity mechanisms can explain the pathophysiology of poor, short and long-term outcomes in cancer patients; b) Neuroactive molecules can significantly alter the neurons and cancer cells so as to sustain PNI progression; c) Finally, careful manipulation of neurogenic pathways and/or their crosstalk with the immunological molecules implicated in PNI could provide a potential breakthrough in cancer therapeutics.
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17
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Pasha A, Kumbhakar DV, Doneti R, Kumar K, Dharmapuri G, Poleboyina PK, S. K. H, Basavaraju P, Pasumarthi D, S. D. A, Soujanya P, Arnold Emeson I, Bodiga V, Pawar SC. Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) by Andrographolide and In Vitro Evaluation of Its Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects on Cervical Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6692628. [PMID: 33815659 PMCID: PMC8010528 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This work is aimed at investigating the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cervical cancer and identifying a potential iNOS inhibitor. The data mining studies performed advocated iNOS to be a promising biomarker for cancer prognosis, as it is highly overexpressed in several malignant cancers. The elevated iNOS was found to be associated with poor survival and increased tumor aggressiveness in cervical cancer. Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR investigations of iNOS showed significant upregulation of endogenous iNOS expression in the cervical tumor samples, thus making iNOS a potent target for decreasing tumor inflammation and aggressiveness. Andrographolide, a plant-derived diterpenoid lactone, is widely reported to be effective against infections and inflammation, causing no adverse side effects on humans. In the current study, we investigated the effect of andrographolide on the prognostic value of iNOS expression in cervical cancer, which has not been reported previously. The binding efficacy of andrographolide was analyzed by performing molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Multiple parameters were used to analyze the simulation trajectory, like root mean square deviation (RMSD), torsional degree of freedom, protein-root mean square fluctuations (P-RMSF), ligand RMSF, total number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, secondary structure elements (SSE) of the protein, and protein complex with the time-dependent functions of MDS. Ligand-protein interactions revealed binding efficacy of andrographolide with tryptophan amino acid of iNOS protein. Cancer cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis-mediated cell death were assessed in vitro, post iNOS inhibition induced by andrographolide treatment (demonstrated by Western blot). Results. Andrographolide exhibited cytotoxicity by inhibiting the in vitro proliferation of cervical cancer cells and also abrogated the cancer cell migration. A significant increase in apoptosis was observed with increasing andrographolide concentration, and it also induced cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase transition. Our results substantiate that andrographolide significantly inhibits iNOS expression and exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Pasha
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Divya Vishambhar Kumbhakar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Ravinder Doneti
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Kiran Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Gangappa Dharmapuri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046 Telangana, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Poleboyina
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Heena S. K.
- Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, 500095 Telangana, India
| | - Preethi Basavaraju
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepthi Pasumarthi
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Annapurna S. D.
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Pavani Soujanya
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500007 Telangana, India
| | - I. Arnold Emeson
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Vijayalaxmi Bodiga
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500007 Telangana, India
| | - Smita C. Pawar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
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18
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The role of ADRB2 gene polymorphisms in malignancies. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2741-2749. [PMID: 33675465 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Beta-2-adrenergic receptor is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which is highly expressed in most malignancies. There is increasing evidence showing that beta-2-adrenergic receptors are associated with carcinogenesis, proliferation, immune regulation, invasion, angiogenesis, clinical prognosis and treatment resistance in malignancies. Polymorphisms of the ADRB2 gene have been confirmed to be associated with transcriptional activity, mRNA translation, and beta-2-adrenergic receptor expression and sensitivity. This review discusses clinically relevant examples of single nucleotide polymorphisms of ADRB2 in malignancies and the effects of these polymorphisms on cancer susceptibility, prognosis and treatment response of cancer patients.
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19
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Iftikhar A, Islam M, Shepherd S, Jones S, Ellis I. Cancer and Stress: Does It Make a Difference to the Patient When These Two Challenges Collide? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020163. [PMID: 33418900 PMCID: PMC7825104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck cancers are the sixth most common cancer in the world. The burden of the disease has remained challenging over recent years despite the advances in treatments of other malignancies. The very use of the word malignancy brings about a stress response in almost all adult patients. Being told you have a tumour is not a word anyone wants to hear. We have embarked on a study which will investigate the effect of stress pathways on head and neck cancer patients and which signalling pathways may be involved. In the future, this will allow clinicians to better manage patients with head and neck cancer and reduce the patients’ stress so that this does not add to their tumour burden. Abstract A single head and neck Cancer (HNC) is a globally growing challenge associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis itself can affect the patients profoundly let alone the complex and disfiguring treatment. The highly important functions of structures of the head and neck such as mastication, speech, aesthetics, identity and social interactions make a cancer diagnosis in this region even more psychologically traumatic. The emotional distress engendered as a result of functional and social disruption is certain to negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The key biological responses to stressful events are moderated through the combined action of two systems, the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) which releases glucocorticoids and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) which releases catecholamines. In acute stress, these hormones help the body to regain homeostasis; however, in chronic stress their increased levels and activation of their receptors may aid in the progression of cancer. Despite ample evidence on the existence of stress in patients diagnosed with HNC, studies looking at the effect of stress on the progression of disease are scarce, compared to other cancers. This review summarises the challenges associated with HNC that make it stressful and describes how stress signalling aids in the progression of cancer. Growing evidence on the relationship between stress and HNC makes it paramount to focus future research towards a better understanding of stress and its effect on head and neck cancer.
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20
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Priyanka HP, Nair RS, Kumaraguru S, Saravanaraj K, Ramasamy V. Insights on neuroendocrine regulation of immune mediators in female reproductive aging and cancer. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2021010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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21
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β-Adrenoceptor Activation in Breast MCF-10A Cells Induces a Pattern of Catecholamine Production Similar to that of Tumorigenic MCF-7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217968. [PMID: 33120955 PMCID: PMC7672553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenaline, which participates in the neuroendocrine response that occurs during stress and perimenopause, may be tumorigenic. This exploratory study aimed at investigating whether non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell lines are able to synthesize adrenaline. The study was carried out in non-tumorigenic (MCF-10A) and tumorigenic (MCF-7) human breast cell lines. Expression of enzymes involved in adrenaline synthesis was characterized by RT-qPCR, immunocytochemistry and western blot. Catecholamines and analogue compounds were quantified by HPLC-ECD. Functional assessment of the impact of drugs on cells’ tumorigenic potential was assessed by determination of cell viability and clonogenic ability. Both MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells produce catecholamines, but the capacity to produce adrenaline is lower in MCF-10A cells. β-adrenoceptor activation increases the capacity of MCF-10A cells to produce adrenaline and favor both cell viability and colony formation. It is concluded that exposure of human breast epithelial cells to β-adrenoceptor agonists increases cell proliferation and the capacity to produce adrenaline, creating an autocrine potential to spread these adrenergic effects in a feed-forward loop. It is conceivable that these effects are related to tumorigenesis, bringing a new perspective to understand the claimed anticancer effects of propranolol and the increase in breast cancer incidence caused by stress or during perimenopause.
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22
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Mravec B, Horvathova L, Hunakova L. Neurobiology of Cancer: the Role of β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Various Tumor Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217958. [PMID: 33114769 PMCID: PMC7662752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of cancer depends on both tumor micro- and macroenvironments. In addition, psychosocial and spiritual “environments” might also affect cancer. It has been found that the nervous system, via neural and humoral pathways, significantly modulates processes related to cancer at the level of the tumor micro- and macroenvironments. The nervous system also mediates the effects of psychosocial and noetic factors on cancer. Importantly, data accumulated in the last two decades have clearly shown that effects of the nervous system on cancer initiation, progression, and the development of metastases are mediated by the sympathoadrenal system mainly via β-adrenergic receptor signaling. Here, we provide a new complex view of the role of β-adrenergic receptor signaling within the tumor micro- and macroenvironments as well as in mediating the effects of the psychosocial and spiritual environments. In addition, we describe potential preventive and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Mravec
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-(2)-59357527; Fax: +421-(2)-59357601
| | - Lubica Horvathova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Luba Hunakova
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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23
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Du P, Zeng H, Xiao Y, Zhao Y, Zheng B, Deng Y, Liu J, Huang B, Zhang X, Yang K, Jiang Y, Ma X. Chronic stress promotes EMT-mediated metastasis through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway by miR-337-3p in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:761. [PMID: 32934214 PMCID: PMC7492277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02981-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress could induce cancer metastasis by constant activation of the sympathetic nervous system, while cellular mechanism remains obscure. The aim of this research is to explore the metastasis associated negative effect of chronic stress. The analysis of transcriptome sequencing implied that activation of STAT3 signaling pathway by downregulated miR-337-3p might be a potential mechanism to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cell and promote metastasis under chronic stress. We also verified this biological process in further experiments. Downregulation of miR-337-3p could downregulate E-cadherin expression and upregulate vimentin expression in vitro and in vivo. STAT3, related signal pathways of which are involved in metastasis regulation, was directly targeted by miR-337-3p. In conclusion, the above results denoted that activation of miR-337-3p/STAT3 axis might be a potential pathway for the increasing metastasis of breast cancer under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinan Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunuo Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaotiao Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Boyan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Keyi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
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24
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Calvani M, Dabraio A, Subbiani A, Buonvicino D, De Gregorio V, Ciullini Mannurita S, Pini A, Nardini P, Favre C, Filippi L. β3-Adrenoceptors as Putative Regulator of Immune Tolerance in Cancer and Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2098. [PMID: 32983164 PMCID: PMC7492666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of immune tolerance is currently one of the most important challenges of scientific research. Pregnancy affects the immune system balance, leading the host to tolerate embryo alloantigens. Previous reports demonstrated that β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling promotes immune tolerance by modulation of NK and Treg, mainly through the activation of β2-ARs, but recently we have demonstrated that also β3-ARs induce an immune-tolerant phenotype in mice bearing melanoma. In this report, we demonstrate that β3-ARs support host immune tolerance in the maternal microenvironment by modulating the same immune cells populations as recently demonstrated in cancer. Considering that β3-ARs are modulated by oxygen levels, we hypothesize that hypoxia, through the upregulation of β3-AR, promotes the biological shift toward a tolerant immunophenotype and that this is the same trick that embryo and cancer use to create an aura of immune-tolerance in a competent immune environment. This study confirms the analogies between fetal development and tumor progression and suggests that the expression of β3-ARs represents one of the strategies to induce fetal and tumor immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Calvani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Dabraio
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Subbiani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Veronica De Gregorio
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Ciullini Mannurita
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Feto-Neonatal Department, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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25
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Holmen Olofsson G, Jensen AWP, Idorn M, thor Straten P. Exercise Oncology and Immuno-Oncology; A (Future) Dynamic Duo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113816. [PMID: 32471301 PMCID: PMC7312459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in clinical oncology is based on exploiting the capacity of the immune system to combat cancer: immuno-oncology. Thus, immunotherapy of cancer is now used to treat a variety of malignant diseases. A striking feature is that even patients with late-stage disease may experience curative responses. However, most patients still succumb to disease, and do not benefit from treatment. Exercise has gained attention in clinical oncology and has been used for many years to improve quality of life, as well as to counteract chemotherapy-related complications. However, more recently, exercise has garnered interest, largely due to data from animal studies suggesting a striking therapeutic effect in preclinical cancer models; an effect largely mediated by the immune system. In humans, physical activity is associated with a lower risk for a variety of malignancies, and some data suggest a positive clinical effect for cancer patients. Exercise leads to mobilization of cells of the immune system, resulting in redistribution to different body compartments, and in preclinical models, exercise has been shown to lead to immunological changes in the tumor microenvironment. This suggests that exercise and immunotherapy could have a synergistic effect if combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Holmen Olofsson
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University Hospital Herlev, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
- Correspondence: (G.H.O.); (P.t.S.)
| | - Agnete Witness Praest Jensen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University Hospital Herlev, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
| | - Manja Idorn
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Per thor Straten
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University Hospital Herlev, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (G.H.O.); (P.t.S.)
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26
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Cui WQ, Wang ST, Pan D, Chang B, Sang LX. Caffeine and its main targets of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:149-172. [PMID: 32104547 PMCID: PMC7031145 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is a purine alkaloid and is widely consumed in coffee, soda, tea, chocolate and energy drinks. To date, a growing number of studies have indicated that caffeine is associated with many diseases including colorectal cancer. Caffeine exerts its biological activity through binding to adenosine receptors, inhibiting phosphodiesterases, sensitizing calcium channels, antagonizing gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors and stimulating adrenal hormones. Some studies have indicated that caffeine can interact with signaling pathways such as transforming growth factor β, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways through which caffeine can play an important role in colorectal cancer pathogenesis, metastasis and prognosis. Moreover, caffeine can act as a general antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative stress and also as a regulatory factor of the cell cycle that modulates the DNA repair system. Additionally, as for intestinal homeostasis, through the interaction with receptors and cytokines, caffeine can modulate the immune system mediating its effects on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages. Furthermore, caffeine can not only directly inhibit species in the gut microbiome, such as Escherichia coli and Candida albicans but also can indirectly exert inhibition by increasing the effects of other antimicrobial drugs. This review summarizes the association between colorectal cancer and caffeine that is being currently studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
- China Medical University 101K class 87, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shi-Tong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
- China Medical University 101K class 87, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li-Xuan Sang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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27
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Hanns P, Paczulla AM, Medinger M, Konantz M, Lengerke C. Stress and catecholamines modulate the bone marrow microenvironment to promote tumorigenesis. Cell Stress 2019; 3:221-235. [PMID: 31338489 PMCID: PMC6612892 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High vascularization and locally secreted factors make the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment particularly hospitable for tumor cells and bones to a preferred metastatic site for disseminated cancer cells of different origins. Cancer cell homing and proliferation in the BM are amongst other regulated by complex interactions with BM niche cells (e.g. osteoblasts, endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)), resident hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and pro-angiogenic cytokines leading to enhanced BM microvessel densities during malignant progression. Stress and catecholamine neurotransmitters released in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reportedly modulate various BM cells and may thereby influence cancer progression. Here we review the role of catecholamines during tumorigenesis with particular focus on pro-tumorigenic effects mediated by the BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hanns
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna M Paczulla
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Medinger
- Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Konantz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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28
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Zhang Q, Berger FG, Love B, Banister CE, Murphy EA, Hofseth LJ. Maternal stress and early-onset colorectal cancer. Med Hypotheses 2018; 121:152-159. [PMID: 30396471 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed before the age of 50. Alarmingly, there has been a significant increase in EOCRC diagnoses' worldwide over the past several decades. Emerging data suggest EOCRCs have distinguishing clinical, pathological, biological and molecular features; and thus, are a fundamentally different subtype of CRCs. Unfortunately, there is no simple explanation for the causes of EOCRC. Scientifically rigorous studies are needed to determine what may be driving the challenging epidemiology of EOCRC. We contend here that a reasonable hypothesis is that prenatal risk factors such as maternal stress and associated sleeping disorders influence offspring epigenetic make-up, and shape immune system and gut health contributing to an increased risk for EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bryan Love
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carolyn E Banister
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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29
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Qiao G, Chen M, Bucsek MJ, Repasky EA, Hylander BL. Adrenergic Signaling: A Targetable Checkpoint Limiting Development of the Antitumor Immune Response. Front Immunol 2018; 9:164. [PMID: 29479349 PMCID: PMC5812031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An immune response must be tightly controlled so that it will be commensurate with the level of response needed to protect the organism without damaging normal tissue. The roles of cytokines and chemokines in orchestrating these processes are well known, but although stress has long been thought to also affect immune responses, the underlying mechanisms were not as well understood. Recently, the role of nerves and, specifically, the sympathetic nervous system, in regulating immune responses is being revealed. Generally, an acute stress response is beneficial but chronic stress is detrimental because it suppresses the activities of effector immune cells while increasing the activities of immunosuppressive cells. In this review, we first discuss the underlying biology of adrenergic signaling in cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. We then focus on the effects of chronic adrenergic stress in promoting tumor growth, giving examples of effects on tumor cells and immune cells, explaining the methods commonly used to induce stress in preclinical mouse models. We highlight how this relates to our observations that mandated housing conditions impose baseline chronic stress on mouse models, which is sufficient to cause chronic immunosuppression. This problem is not commonly recognized, but it has been shown to impact conclusions of several studies of mouse physiology and mouse models of disease. Moreover, the fact that preclinical mouse models are chronically immunosuppressed has critical ramifications for analysis of any experiments with an immune component. Our group has found that reducing adrenergic stress by housing mice at thermoneutrality or treating mice housed at cooler temperatures with β-blockers reverses immunosuppression and significantly improves responses to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. These observations are clinically relevant because there are numerous retrospective epidemiological studies concluding that cancer patients who were taking β-blockers have better outcomes. Clinical trials testing whether β-blockers can be repurposed to improve the efficacy of traditional and immunotherapies in patients are on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxi Qiao
- Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Minhui Chen
- Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Mark J. Bucsek
- Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Repasky
- Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Bonnie L. Hylander
- Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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30
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Behrenbruch C, Shembrey C, Paquet-Fifield S, Mølck C, Cho HJ, Michael M, Thomson BNJ, Heriot AG, Hollande F. Surgical stress response and promotion of metastasis in colorectal cancer: a complex and heterogeneous process. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:333-345. [PMID: 29335811 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surgery remains the curative treatment modality for colorectal cancer in all stages, including stage IV with resectable liver metastasis. There is emerging evidence that the stress response caused by surgery as well as other perioperative therapies such as anesthesia and analgesia may promote growth of pre-existing micro-metastasis or potentially initiate tumor dissemination. Therapeutically targeting the perioperative period may therefore reduce the effect that surgical treatments have in promoting metastases, for example by combining β-adrenergic receptor antagonists and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in the perioperative setting. In this paper, we highlight some of the mechanisms that may underlie surgery-related metastatic development in colorectal cancer. These include direct tumor spillage at the time of surgery, suppression of the anti-tumor immune response, direct stimulatory effects on tumor cells, and activation of the coagulation system. We summarize in more detail results that support a role for catecholamines as major drivers of the pro-metastatic effect induced by the surgical stress response, predominantly through activation of β-adrenergic signaling. Additionally, we argue that an improved understanding of surgical stress-induced dissemination, and more specifically whether it impacts on the level and nature of heterogeneity within residual tumor cells, would contribute to the successful clinical targeting of this process. Finally, we provide a proof-of-concept demonstration that ex-vivo analyses of colorectal cancer patient-derived samples using RGB-labeling technology can provide important insights into the heterogeneous sensitivity of tumor cells to stress signals. This suggests that intra-tumor heterogeneity is likely to influence the efficacy of perioperative β-adrenergic receptor and COX-2 inhibition, and that ex-vivo characterization of heterogeneous stress response in tumor samples can synergize with other models to optimize perioperative treatments and further improve outcome in colorectal and other solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Behrenbruch
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Level 10, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Carolyn Shembrey
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Level 10, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Sophie Paquet-Fifield
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Level 10, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Christina Mølck
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Level 10, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Hyun-Jung Cho
- Biological Optical Microscopy Platform, The University of Melbourne, Medical Building, Grattan Street, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Michael
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin N J Thomson
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, 300 Grattan St, Parkville, 3000, Australia
| | - Alexander G Heriot
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Frédéric Hollande
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Level 10, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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31
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Sarma EA, Kawachi I, Poole EM, Tworoger SS, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, Bao Y. Social integration and survival after diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Cancer 2017; 124:833-840. [PMID: 29160897 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although larger social networks have been associated with lower all-cause mortality, few studies have examined whether social integration predicts survival outcomes among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The authors examined the association between social ties and survival after CRC diagnosis in a prospective cohort study. METHODS Participants included 896 women in the Nurses' Health Study who were diagnosed with stage I, II, or III CRC between 1992 and 2012. Stage was assigned using the American Joint Committee on Cancer criteria. Social integration was assessed every 4 years since 1992 using the Berkman-Syme Social Network Index, which included marital status, social network size, contact frequency, religious participation, and other social group participation. RESULTS During follow-up, there were 380 total deaths, 167 of which were due to CRC. In multivariable analyses, women who were socially integrated before diagnosis had a subsequent reduced risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.46-0.92) and CRC mortality (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.38-1.06) compared with women who were socially isolated. In particular, women with more intimate ties (family and friends) had lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.88) and CRC mortality (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.34-1.03) compared with those with few intimate ties. Participation in religious or community activities was not found to be related to outcomes. The analysis of postdiagnosis social integration yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS Socially integrated women were found to have better survival after a diagnosis of CRC, possibly due to beneficial caregiving from their family and friends. Interventions aimed at strengthening social network structures to ensure access to care may be valuable programmatic tools in the management of patients with CRC. Cancer 2018;124:833-40. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sarma
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth M Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Bao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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32
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Hylander BL, Eng JWL, Repasky EA. The Impact of Housing Temperature-Induced Chronic Stress on Preclinical Mouse Tumor Models and Therapeutic Responses: An Important Role for the Nervous System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1036:173-189. [PMID: 29275472 PMCID: PMC9423006 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67577-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the last 10-15 years, there has been a recognition that the catecholamines (norepinephrine, NE, and epinephrine, Epi) released by the sympathetic nervous system under stressful conditions promote tumor growth through a variety of mechanisms. Tumors recruit autonomic nerves during their development and NE is then released locally in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Acting through adrenergic receptors present on a variety of cells in the TME, NE and Epi induce proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis of tumor cells, angiogenesis, and inflammation in the TME. These pre-clinical studies have been conducted in mouse models whose care and housing parameters are outlined in "The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals [1]. In particular, the Guide mandates that mice be housed at standardized sub-thermoneutral temperatures; however, this causes a state of chronic cold-stress and elevated levels of NE. Although mice are able to maintain a normal body temperature when kept at these cool temperatures, it is becoming clear that this cold-stress is sufficient to activate physiological changes which affect experimental outcomes. We find that when mice are housed under standard, sub-thermoneutral temperatures (~22 °C, ST), tumor growth is significantly greater than when mice are housed at thermoneutrality (~30 °C TT). We also find that the anti-tumor immune response is suppressed at ST and this immunosuppression can be reversed by housing mice at TT or by administration of propranolol (a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist) to mice housed at ST. Furthermore, at ST tumors are more resistant to therapy and can also be sensitized to cytotoxic therapies by housing mice at TT or by treating mice with propranolol. The implications of these observations are particularly relevant to the way in which experiments conducted in preclinical models are interpreted and the findings implemented in the clinic. It may be that the disappointing failure of many new therapies to fulfill their promise in the clinic is related to an incomplete preclinical assessment in mouse models. Further, an expanded understanding of the efficacy of a therapy alone or in combination obtained by testing under a wider range of conditions would better predict how patients, who are under various levels of stress, might respond in a clinical setting. This may be particularly important to consider since we now appreciate that long term outcome of many therapies depends on eliciting an immune response.It is clear that the outcome of metabolic experiments, immunological investigations and therapeutic efficacy testing in tumors of mice housed at ST is restricted and expanding these experiments to include results obtained at TT may provide us with valuable information that would otherwise be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L Hylander
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jason W-L Eng
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
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33
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Saloman JL, Albers KM, Rhim AD, Davis BM. Can Stopping Nerves, Stop Cancer? Trends Neurosci 2016; 39:880-889. [PMID: 27832915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system is viewed as a tissue affected by cancer and as a conduit for the transmission of cancer pain and perineural invasion. Here, we review recent studies that indicate a more direct role. Several studies have shown that reducing stress or suppressing sympathetic drive correlates with improved outcomes and prolonged survival. Recent studies using animal models of visceral and somatic cancer further support a role for the nervous system in cancer progression. Specifically, nerve ablation had a profound impact on disease progression, including delayed development of precancerous lesions, and decreased tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we summarize new evidence and discuss how future studies may address the role of neural signaling in the modulation of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami L Saloman
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Kathryn M Albers
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Andrew D Rhim
- Zayed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian M Davis
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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34
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Pantziarka P, Bouche G, Sukhatme V, Meheus L, Rooman I, Sukhatme VP. Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO)-Propranolol as an anti-cancer agent. Ecancermedicalscience 2016; 10:680. [PMID: 27899953 PMCID: PMC5102691 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2016.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Propranolol (PRO) is a well-known and widely used non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist (beta-blocker), with a range of actions which are of interest in an oncological context. PRO displays effects on cellular proliferation and invasion, on the immune system, on the angiogenic cascade, and on tumour cell sensitivity to existing treatments. Both pre-clinical and clinical evidence of these effects, in multiple cancer types, is assessed and summarised and relevant mechanisms of action outlined. In particular there is evidence that PRO is effective at multiple points in the metastatic cascade, particularly in the context of the post-surgical wound response. Based on this evidence the case is made for further clinical investigation of the anticancer effects of PRO, particularly in combination with other agents. A number of trials are on-going, in different treatment settings for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pantziarka
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium; The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Lydie Meheus
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | - Ilse Rooman
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium; Oncology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- GlobalCures, Inc, Newton MA 02459, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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35
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Coelho M, Soares-Silva C, Brandão D, Marino F, Cosentino M, Ribeiro L. β-Adrenergic modulation of cancer cell proliferation: available evidence and clinical perspectives. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:275-291. [PMID: 27709364 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this review, we aimed to present and discuss the available preclinical and epidemiological evidences regarding the modulation of cancer cell proliferation by β-adrenoceptors (β-AR), with a specific focus on the putative effects of β-blockers according to their pharmacological properties. METHODS A comprehensive review of the published literature was conducted, and the evidences concerning the involvement of β-AR in cancer as well as the possible role of β-blockers were selected and discussed. RESULTS The majority of reviewed studies show that: (1) All the cancer types express both β1- and β2-AR, with the exception of neuroblastoma only seeming to express β2-AR; (2) adrenergic agonists are able to increase proliferation of several types of cancers; (3) the proliferative effect seems to be mediated by both β1- and β2-AR; (4) binding to β-AR results in a cAMP transient flux which activates two major downstream effector systems: protein kinase A and EPAC and (5) β-blockers might be putative adjuvants for cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the reviewed studies show strong evidences that β-AR activation, through several intracellular mechanisms, modulate tumor cell proliferation suggesting β-blockers can be a feasible therapeutic approach to antagonize β-adrenergic response or have a protective effect per se. This review highlight the need for intensifying the research not only on the molecular mechanisms underlying the β-adrenergic influence in cancer, but also on the implications of biased agonism of β-blockers as potential antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cátia Soares-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Brandão
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Medical Education and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Franca Marino
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Medical Education and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Wang B, Katsube T, Begum N, Nenoi M. Revisiting the health effects of psychological stress-its influence on susceptibility to ionizing radiation: a mini-review. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2016; 57:325-35. [PMID: 27242342 PMCID: PMC4973650 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Both psychological stress (PS) and ionizing radiation (IR) cause varied detrimental effects on humans. There has been no direct evidence so far showing PS alone could cause cancer; however, long-lasting PS may affect our overall health and ability to cope with cancer. Due to their living conditions and occupations, some people may encounter concurrent exposure to both PS and IR to a high extent. In addition to possible health effects resulting directly from exposure to IR on these people, fear of IR exposure is also a cause of PS. The question of whether PS would influence susceptibility to IR, radiocarcinogenesis in particular, is of great concern by both the academic world and the public. Recently, investigations using animal PS models demonstrated that PS could modulate susceptibility to IR, causing increased susceptibility to radiocarcinogenesis in Trp53-heterozygous mice, hematological toxicity in peripheral blood and elevated chromosome aberration (dicentrics) frequency in splenocytes of Trp53-wild-type mice. To actively reduce health risk from exposure to IR, further studies are needed to cumulate more evidence and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the alterations in susceptibility due to PS modulation. This mini-review gives a general overview of the significance of PS effects on humans and experimental animals, with a special focus on summarizing the latest weight-of-evidence approaches to radiobiological studies on PS-induced alterations in susceptibility in experimental animal models. The susceptibility being investigated is mainly in the context of the impact of the modulatory effect of PS on radiocarcinogenesis; we seek to improve understanding of the combined effects of exposure to both PS and IR in order to facilitate, via active intervention, strategies for radiation risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Radiation Risk Reduction Research Program, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Katsube
- Radiation Risk Reduction Research Program, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nasrin Begum
- Center for Nuclear Medicine and Ultrasound, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital Campus, G.P.O. Box No. 35, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mitsuru Nenoi
- Radiation Risk Reduction Research Program, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Zhao L, Xu J, Liang F, Li A, Zhang Y, Sun J. Effect of Chronic Psychological Stress on Liver Metastasis of Colon Cancer in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139978. [PMID: 26444281 PMCID: PMC4596521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis to the liver is a main factor in colorectal cancer mortality. Previous studies suggest that chronic psychological stress is important in cancer progression, but its effect on liver metastasis has not been investigated. To address this, we established a liver metastasis model in BALB/c nude mice to investigate the role of chronic stress in liver metastasis. Our data suggest that chronic stress elevates catecholamine levels and promotes liver metastasis. Chronic stress was also associated with increased tumor associated macrophages infiltration into the primary tumor and increased the expression of metastatic genes. Interestingly, β-blocker treatment reversed the effects of chronic stress on liver metastasis. Our results suggest the β-adrenergic signaling pathway is involved in regulating colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis. Additionally, we submit that adjunctive therapy with a β-blocker may complement existing colorectal cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JHX); (FL)
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JHX); (FL)
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Sun
- Department of Oncology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chronic restraint stress after injury and shock is associated with persistent anemia despite prolonged elevation in erythropoietin levels. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79:91-6; discussion 96-7. [PMID: 26091320 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following severe traumatic injury, critically ill patients have a prolonged hypercatacholamine state that is associated with bone marrow (BM) dysfunction and persistent anemia. However, current animal models of injury and shock result in a transient anemia. Daily restraint stress (chronic stress [CS]) has been shown to increase catecholamines. We hypothesize that adding CS following injury or injury and shock in rats will prolong the hypercatecholaminemia and prolong the initial anemia, despite elevated erythropoietin (EPO) levels. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6-8 per group) underwent lung contusion (LC) or combined LC/hemorrhagic shock (LCHS) followed by 6 days of CS. CS consisted of a 2-hour restraint period interrupted with repositioning and alarms every 30 minutes. At 7 days, urine was assessed for norepinephrine (NE) levels, blood for EPO and hemoglobin (Hgb), and BM for erythroid progenitor growth. RESULTS Animals undergoing LC or combined LCHS predictably recovered by Day 7; urine NE, EPO, and Hgb levels were normal. The addition of CS to LC and LCHS models was associated with a significant elevation in NE on Day 6. The addition of CS to LC led to a persistent 20% to 25% decrease in the growth of BM hematopoietic progenitor cells. These findings were further exaggerated when CS was added following LCHS, resulting in a 20%q to 40% reduction in BM erythroid progenitor colony growth and a 20% decrease in Hgb when compared with LCHS alone. CONCLUSION Exposing injured animals to CS results in prolonged elevation of NE and EPO, which is associated with worsening BM erythroid function and persistent anemia. Chronic restraint stress following injury and shock provides a clinically relevant model to further evaluate persistent injury-associated anemia seen in critically ill trauma patients. Furthermore, alleviating CS after severe injury is a potential therapeutic target to improve BM dysfunction and anemia.
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Wang B, Tanaka K, Katsube T, Ninomiya Y, Vares G, Liu Q, Morita A, Nakajima T, Nenoi M. Chronic restraint-induced stress has little modifying effect on radiation hematopoietic toxicity in mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2015; 56:760-7. [PMID: 26045492 PMCID: PMC4576999 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Both radiation and stresses cause detrimental effects on humans. Besides possible health effects resulting directly from radiation exposure, the nuclear plant accident is a cause of social psychological stresses. A recent study showed that chronic restraint-induced stresses (CRIS) attenuated Trp53 functions and increased carcinogenesis susceptibility of Trp53-heterozygous mice to total-body X-irradiation (TBXI), having a big impact on the academic world and a sensational effect on the public, especially the residents living in radioactively contaminated areas. It is important to investigate the possible modification effects from CRIS on radiation-induced health consequences in Trp53 wild-type (Trp53wt) animals. Prior to a carcinogenesis study, effects of TBXI on the hematopoietic system under CRIS were investigated in terms of hematological abnormality in the peripheral blood and residual damage in the bone marrow erythrocytes using a mouse restraint model. Five-week-old male Trp53wt C57BL/6J mice were restrained 6 h per day for 28 consecutive days, and TBXI (4 Gy) was given on the 8th day. Results showed that CRIS alone induced a marked decrease in the red blood cell (RBC) and the white blood cell (WBC) count, while TBXI caused significantly lower counts of RBCs, WBCs and blood platelets, and a lower concentration of hemoglobin regardless of CRIS. CRIS alone did not show any significant effect on erythrocyte proliferation and on induction of micronucleated erythrocytes, whereas TBXI markedly inhibited erythrocyte proliferation and induced a significant increase in the incidences of micronucleated erythrocytes, regardless of CRIS. These findings suggest that CRIS does not have a significant impact on radiation-induced detrimental effects on the hematopoietic system in Trp53wt mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tanaka
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Katsube
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Ninomiya
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Guillaume Vares
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Akinori Morita
- Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nakajima
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Nenoi
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Chin CC, Li JM, Lee KF, Huang YC, Wang KC, Lai HC, Cheng CC, Kuo YH, Shi CS. Selective β2-AR Blockage Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth Through Regulation of EGFR-Akt/ERK1/2 Signaling, G1-Phase Arrest, and Apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:459-72. [PMID: 26189563 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The stress-upregulated catecholamines-activated β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (β1/2-ARs) have been shown to accelerate the progression of cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated the underlying mechanism of the inhibition of β1/2-ARs signaling for the treatment of CRC and elucidated the significance of β2-AR expression in CRC in vitro and in clinical samples. The impacts of β1/2-AR antagonists in CRC in vitro and CRC-xenograft in vivo were examined. We found that repression of β2-AR but not β1-AR signaling selectively suppressed cell viability, induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest, caused both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways-mediated apoptosis of specific CRC cells and inhibited CRC-xenograft growth in vivo. Moreover, the expression of β2-AR was not consistent with the progression of CRC in vitro or in clinical samples. Our data evidence that the expression profiles, signaling, and blockage of β2-AR have a unique pattern in CRC comparing to other cancers. β2-AR antagonism selectively suppresses the growth of CRC accompanying active β2-AR signaling, which potentially carries wild-type KRAS, in vitro and in vivo via the inhibition of β2-AR transactivated EFGR-Akt/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Thus, β2-AR blockage might be a potential therapeutic strategy for combating the progressions of β2-AR-dependent CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Chin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jhy-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kam-Fai Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chieh Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ching Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cole SW, Nagaraja AS, Lutgendorf SK, Green PA, Sood AK. Sympathetic nervous system regulation of the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:563-72. [PMID: 26299593 PMCID: PMC4828959 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known to regulate gene expression in primary tumours and their surrounding microenvironment. Activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS in particular modulates gene expression programmes that promote metastasis of solid tumours by stimulating macrophage infiltration, inflammation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumour invasion, and by inhibiting cellular immune responses and programmed cell death. Haematological cancers are modulated by sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulation of stem cell biology and haematopoietic differentiation programmes. In addition to identifying a molecular basis for physiologic stress effects on cancer, these findings have also identified new pharmacological strategies to inhibit cancer progression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W. Cole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, Norman Cousins Center, and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Archana S. Nagaraja
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Departments of Psychology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Urology, and Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa
| | - Paige A. Green
- Basic Biobehavioral and Psychological Sciences Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, United States National Cancer Institute
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Comprehensive Cancer Center
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Coelho M, Moz M, Correia G, Teixeira A, Medeiros R, Ribeiro L. Antiproliferative effects of β-blockers on human colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2513-20. [PMID: 25812650 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the fourth and third most common cancer, respectively in men and women worldwide and its incidence is on the increase. Stress response has been associated with the incidence and development of cancer. The catecholamines (CA), adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline (NA), are crucial mediators of stress response, exerting their effects through interaction with α- and β-adrenergic receptors (AR). Colon cancer cells express β-AR, and their activation has been implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Interest concerning the efficacy of β-AR blockers as possible additions to cancer treatment has increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of several AR agonists and β-blockers following cell proliferation of HT-29 cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. For this purpose, HT-29 cells were incubated in the absence (control) or in the presence of the AR-agonists, AD, NA and isoprenaline (ISO) (0.1-100 µM) for 12 or 24 h. The tested AR agonists revealed proliferative effects on HT-29 cells. In order to study the effect of several β-blockers following proliferation induced by AR activation, the cells were treated with propranolol (PRO; 50 µM), carvedilol (CAR; 5 µM), atenolol (ATE; 50 µM), or ICI 118,551 (ICI; 5 µM) for 45 min prior, and simultaneously, to incubation with each of the AR agonists, AD and ISO, both at 1 and 10 µM. The results suggested that adrenergic activation plays an important role in colon cancer cell proliferation, most probably through β-AR. The β-blockers under study were able to reverse the proliferation induced by AD and ISO, and some of these blockers significantly decreased the proliferation of HT-29 cells. The elucidation of the intracellular pathways involved in CA-induced proliferation of colon cancer cells, and in the reversion of this effect by β-blockers, may contribute to identifying promising strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Moz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Correia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Liu J, Deng GH, Zhang J, Wang Y, Xia XY, Luo XM, Deng YT, He SS, Mao YY, Peng XC, Wei YQ, Jiang Y. The effect of chronic stress on anti-angiogenesis of sunitinib in colorectal cancer models. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 52:130-42. [PMID: 25437118 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence has shown that psychological stress can propel cancer progression. However, its role in anti-angiogenic therapy is not well understood. We previously found that exogenous norepinephrine attenuated the effect of sunitinib, a multi-targeted anti-angiogenic agent, in a mouse melanoma model. Here, we further evaluated the effects of chronic stress on sunitinib therapy in colorectal cancer models. We found that chronic restraint stress markedly weakened the efficacy of sunitinib, primarily through promoting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) to stimulate tumor angiogenesis in vivo. This effect could be sufficiently mimicked by exogenous norepinephrine and blocked by the β-antagonist propranolol. In vitro, norepinephrine up-regulated expression of VEGF and IL-8 in sunitinib-treated cancer cells mainly through the β-adrenoceptor-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. Norepinephrine also abrogated sunitinib-induced inhibition of cancer cell migration, but had no effect on direct anti-proliferative activity of sunitinib on cancer cells. These findings suggest that psychological stress might attenuate anti-angiogenic therapy primarily through activating beta-adrenergic signaling to promote tumor angiogenesis. It is also suggested that β-blockers might improve anti-angiogenic outcome under psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yu Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Mei Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Tiao Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Yan Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Chen Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Filippi L, Dal Monte M, Casini G, Daniotti M, Sereni F, Bagnoli P. Infantile hemangiomas, retinopathy of prematurity and cancer: a common pathogenetic role of the β-adrenergic system. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:619-52. [PMID: 25523517 DOI: 10.1002/med.21336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The serendipitous demonstration that the nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist propranolol promotes the regression of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) aroused interest around the involvement of the β-adrenergic system in angiogenic processes. The efficacy of propranolol was related to the β2-AR blockade and the consequent inhibition of the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), suggesting the hypothesis that propranolol could also be effective in treating retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a retinal pathology characterized by VEGF-induced neoangiogenesis. Consequent to the encouraging animal studies, a pilot clinical trial showed that oral propranolol protects newborns from ROP progression, even though this treatment is not sufficiently safe. Further, animal studies clarified the role of β3-ARs in the development of ROP and, together with several preclinical studies demonstrating the key role of the β-adrenergic system in tumor progression, vascularization, and metastasis, prompted us to also investigate the participation of β3-ARs in tumor growth. The aim of this review is to gather the recent findings on the role of the β-adrenergic system in IHs, ROP, and cancer, highlighting the fact that these different pathologies, triggered by different pathogenic noxae, share common pathogenic mechanisms characterized by the presence of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, which may be contrasted by targeting the β-adrenergic system. The mechanisms characterizing the pathogenesis of IHs, ROP, and cancer may also be active during the fetal-neonatal development, and a great contribution to the knowledge on the role of β-ARs in diseases characterized by chronic hypoxia may come from research focusing on the fetal and neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filippi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Fetal-Neonatal Department, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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A role for cAMP-driven transactivation of EGFR in cancer aggressiveness - therapeutic implications. Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:142-7. [PMID: 24932579 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In many common cancers, production of cAMP boosts cancer proliferation, survival, and aggressiveness, reflecting the fact that, through mechanisms that require further clarification, cAMP can promote tyrosine phosphorylation, notably transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Hormones which activate adenylate cyclase in many cancers include PGE2 - often produced by cox-2 activity within tumors - and adrenergic hormones, acting on beta2 receptors. NSAID cyclooxygenase inhibitors, including low-dose aspirin, clearly reduce risk for many adenocarcinomas, but the impact of cox-2 inhibitors in clinical cancer therapy remains somewhat equivocal. There is increasing evidence that increased sympathetic drive, often reflecting psychic stress or tobacco usage, increases risk for, and promotes the aggressiveness of, many cancers. The non-specific beta antagonist propranolol shows cancer-retardant activity in pre-clinical rodent studies, especially in stressed animals, and a limited amount of epidemiology concludes that concurrent propranolol usage is associated with superior prognosis in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and melanoma. Epidemiology correlating increased resting heart rate with increased total cancer mortality can be interpreted as compelling evidence that increased sympathetic drive encourages the onset and progression of common cancers. Conversely, hormones which inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in cancers may have potential for cancer control; GABA, which can be administered as a well-tolerated nutraceutical, has potential in this regard. Combination regimens intended to down-regulate cancer cAMP levels, perhaps used in conjunction with EGFR inhibitors, may have considerable potential for suppressing the contribution of cAMP/EGFR to cancer aggressiveness. This model also predicts that certain other hormones which activate adenylate cylase in various tissue may play a yet-unsuspected role in cancer induction and spread.
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Hicks BM, Murray LJ, Powe DG, Hughes CM, Cardwell CR. β-Blocker usage and colorectal cancer mortality: a nested case-control study in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink cohort. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:3100-6. [PMID: 24050955 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that β-blockers may reduce cancer progression in various cancer sites. The aim of this study was to conduct the first epidemiological investigation of the effect of post-diagnostic β-blocker usage on colorectal cancer-specific mortality in a large population-based colorectal cancer patient cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS A nested case-control analysis was conducted within a cohort of 4794 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2007. Patients were identified from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and confirmed using cancer registry data. Patients with a colorectal cancer- specific death (data from the Office of National Statistics death registration system) were matched to five controls. Conditional logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) according to β-blocker usage (data from GP-prescribing records). RESULTS Post-diagnostic β-blocker use was identified in 21.4% of 1559 colorectal cancer-specific deaths and 23.7% of their 7531 matched controls, with little evidence of an association (OR = 0.89 95% CI 0.78-1.02). Similar associations were found when analysing drug frequency, β-blocker type or specific drugs such as propranolol. There was some evidence of a weak reduction in all-cause mortality in β-blocker users (adjusted OR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.77-1.00; P = 0.04) which was in part due to the marked effect of atenolol on cardiovascular mortality (adjusted OR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.40-0.97; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In this novel, large UK population-based cohort of colorectal cancer patients, there was no evidence of an association between post-diagnostic β-blocker use and colorectal cancer-specific mortality. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER NCT00888797.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hicks
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern, Ireland
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