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Wyns A, Hendrix J, Lahousse A, De Bruyne E, Nijs J, Godderis L, Polli A. The Biology of Stress Intolerance in Patients with Chronic Pain—State of the Art and Future Directions. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062245. [PMID: 36983246 PMCID: PMC10057496 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been consistently linked to negative impacts on physical and mental health. More specifically, patients with chronic pain experience stress intolerance, which is an exacerbation or occurrence of symptoms in response to any type of stress. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unsolved. In this state-of-the-art paper, we summarised the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the two major stress response systems in stress intolerance. We provided insights into such mechanisms based on evidence from clinical studies in both patients with chronic pain, showing dysregulated stress systems, and healthy controls supported by preclinical studies, highlighting the link between these systems and symptoms of stress intolerance. Furthermore, we explored the possible regulating role for (epi)genetic mechanisms influencing the ANS and HPA axis. The link between stress and chronic pain has become an important area of research as it has the potential to inform the development of interventions to improve the quality of life for individuals living with chronic pain. As stress has become a prevalent concern in modern society, understanding the connection between stress, HPA axis, ANS, and chronic health conditions such as chronic pain is crucial to improve public health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Wyns
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Jolien Hendrix
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Astrid Lahousse
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Rehabilitation Research (RERE) Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy (KIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Department of Hematology and Immunology-Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, IDEWE, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Andrea Polli
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Nicotera AG, Di Rosa G, Turriziani L, Costanzo MC, Stracuzzi E, Vitello GA, Galati Rando R, Musumeci A, Vinci M, Musumeci SA, Calì F. Role of COMT V158M Polymorphism in the Development of Dystonia after Administration of Antipsychotic Drugs. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101293. [PMID: 34679357 PMCID: PMC8533773 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotics (APDs) represent the main pharmacological strategy in the treatment of schizophrenia; however, their administration often may result in severe adverse effects, such as extrapyramidal symptoms. Typically, dystonic movements are considered the result of impaired function and/or abnormalities of dopaminergic neurotransmission/signaling in the basal ganglia. The catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is located within the 22q11.2 region, and its product is an enzyme involved in transferring a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to catecholamines, including dopamine. Studies showed that COMT Val158Met polymorphism modifies enzymatic activity and, consequently, synaptic dopamine concentration in specific brain areas. We identified a patient with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome presenting with cervical and trunk dystonia after paliperidone administration, which persisted even after drug discontinuation. Given the patient’s genetic condition, we hypothesized that the dopaminergic dysfunction had been aggravated by COMT involvement, thus causing dystonia. In line with this hypothesis, we carried out a study on psychiatric patients in chronic treatment with APD to evaluate the distribution of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and its role in the onset of adverse extrapyramidal symptoms. The study included four patients with dystonia after administration of APDs compared to 17 patients who never presented adverse drug reactions. Our data suggest that the Val/Val and Met/Met polymorphisms of the COMT gene are associated with a protective effect for the development of collateral extrapyramidal symptoms in patients treated with APDs, while the Val/Met genotype could be considered a risk factor for the development of dystonia after APDs administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gennaro Nicotera
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.G.N.); (L.T.)
| | - Gabriella Di Rosa
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.G.N.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Turriziani
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.G.N.); (L.T.)
| | - Maria Cristina Costanzo
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Emanuela Stracuzzi
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Girolamo Aurelio Vitello
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Rosanna Galati Rando
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonino Musumeci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Mirella Vinci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Sebastiano Antonino Musumeci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Calì
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (M.C.C.); (E.S.); (G.A.V.); (R.G.R.); (A.M.); (M.V.); s (S.A.M.); (F.C.)
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3
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Schneider M, Vaessen T, van Duin EDA, Kasanova Z, Viechtbauer W, Reininghaus U, Vingerhoets C, Booij J, Swillen A, Vorstman JAS, van Amelsvoort T, Myin-Germeys I. Affective and psychotic reactivity to daily-life stress in adults with 22q11DS: a study using the experience sampling method. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:30. [PMID: 33187471 PMCID: PMC7666493 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Vulnerability for psychopathology has been related to an increased reactivity to stress. Here, we examined affective states, perceived stress, affective and psychotic reactivity to various sources of environmental stress using the experience sampling method (ESM), a structured diary technique allowing repeated assessments in the context of daily life. METHODS Adults with 22q11DS (n = 31; age, 34.1 years) and matched healthy controls (HCs; n = 24; age, 39.9 years) were included. ESM was used to assess affective states, perceived stress, and stress reactivity. Data were analyzed using multilevel regression models. RESULTS Adults with 22q11DS displayed overall higher levels of negative affect but comparable levels of positive affect compared to HCs. Higher levels of perceived stress were reported by individuals with 22q11DS. Comparable affective and psychotic reactivity in relation to all types of environmental stress was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION The results point toward higher levels of negative affect and differences in the perception of daily hassles in 22q11DS but no difference in affective or psychotic reactivity to stress. This study contributes to the growing literature regarding the impact of stress on the development of psychopathology in the 22q11DS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Schneider
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard du Pont d'Arve 40, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33 Bus 7001 (Blok H), 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Vaessen
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33 Bus 7001 (Blok H), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Esther D A van Duin
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, Maastricht, 6211 LK, The Netherlands.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94224, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, The Netherlands
| | - Zuzana Kasanova
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33 Bus 7001 (Blok H), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Viechtbauer
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, Maastricht, 6211 LK, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, Maastricht, 6211 LK, The Netherlands.,Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, David Goldberg Centre, King's College London, 18 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.,Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Vingerhoets
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Booij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ann Swillen
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacob A S Vorstman
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Burton Wing, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, Maastricht, 6211 LK, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33 Bus 7001 (Blok H), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Zareyan S, Zhang H, Wang J, Song W, Hampson E, Abbott D, Diamond A. First Demonstration of Double Dissociation between COMT-Met158 and COMT-Val158 Cognitive Performance When Stressed and When Calmer. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1411-1426. [PMID: 33124661 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We present here the first evidence of the much-predicted double dissociation between the effect of stress on cognitive skills [executive functions (EFs)] dependent on prefrontal cortex (PFC) by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype. The COMT gene polymorphism with methionine (Met) at codon 158 results in more dopamine (DA) in PFC and generally better EFs, while with valine (Val) at codon 158 the result is less PFC DA and generally poorer EFs. Many have predicted that mild stress, by raising PFC DA levels should aid EFs of COMT-Vals (bringing their PFC DA levels up, closer to optimal) and impair EFs of COMT-Mets (raising their PFC DA levels past optimal). We tested 140 men and women in a within-subject crossover design using extremely mild social evaluative stress. On trials requiring EFs (incongruent trials) of the Flanker/Reverse Flanker task, COMT-Val158 homozygotes performed better when mildly stressed than when calmer, while COMT-Met158 carriers performed worse when mildly stressed. Two other teams previously tried to obtain this, but only found stress impairing EFs of COMT-Mets, not improving EFs of COMT-Vals. Perhaps we found both because we used a much milder stressor. Evidently, the bandwidth for stress having a facilitative effect on EFs is exceedingly narrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Zareyan
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Haolu Zhang
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Juelu Wang
- Basic Neurosciences Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Weihong Song
- Basic Neurosciences Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Hampson
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - David Abbott
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Adele Diamond
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
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5
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van Duin EDA, Ceccarini J, Booij J, Kasanova Z, Vingerhoets C, van Huijstee J, Heinzel A, Mohammadkhani-Shali S, Winz O, Mottaghy F, Myin-Germeys I, van Amelsvoort T. Lower [ 18F]fallypride binding to dopamine D 2/3 receptors in frontal brain areas in adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a positron emission tomography study. Psychol Med 2020; 50:799-807. [PMID: 30935427 PMCID: PMC7168654 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171900062x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is caused by a deletion on chromosome 22 locus q11.2. This copy number variant results in haplo-insufficiency of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, and is associated with a significant increase in the risk for developing cognitive impairments and psychosis. The COMT gene encodes an enzyme that primarily modulates clearance of dopamine (DA) from the synaptic cleft, especially in the prefrontal cortical areas. Consequently, extracellular DA levels may be increased in prefrontal brain areas in 22q11DS, which may underlie the well-documented susceptibility for cognitive impairments and psychosis in affected individuals. This study aims to examine DA D2/3 receptor binding in frontal brain regions in adults with 22q11DS, as a proxy of frontal DA levels. METHODS The study was performed in 14 non-psychotic, relatively high functioning adults with 22q11DS and 16 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs), who underwent DA D2/3 receptor [18F]fallypride PET imaging. Frontal binding potential (BPND) was used as the main outcome measure. RESULTS BPND was significantly lower in adults with 22q11DS compared with HCs in the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate gyrus. After Bonferroni correction significance remained for the anterior cingulate gyrus. There were no between-group differences in BPND in the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate lower frontal D2/3 receptor binding in adults with 22q11DS. It suggests that a 22q11.2 deletion affects frontal dopaminergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther D. A. van Duin
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny Ceccarini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Division of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Booij
- Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zuzana Kasanova
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven – Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Vingerhoets
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jytte van Huijstee
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Heinzel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Winz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherland
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven – Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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6
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Effects of stress on functional connectivity during verbal processing. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 14:2708-2723. [PMID: 31833016 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Effects of stress on functional connectivity (FC) in specific language processing regions of the brain during verbal fluency tasks were explored. Roles of gender and serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR), associated with stress susceptibility, were also examined to understand their effect. Forty-five healthy volunteers (Mean age: 19.6 ± 1.6 years; 28 females) participated. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was carried out while participants performed letter and category fluency tasks. These tasks were interposed with the Montreal Imaging Stress Test to induce stress or a no-stress control task. Buccal swabs collected were used to genotype for the presence of polymorphisms on the SLC6A4 gene known to contribute to atypical stress responses. Significant variations in strength of FC were noted between several ROIs, including left inferior frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus. Overall, males showed regional increases in FC strength over long and short distances during task under stress. Additionally, variability in effects of stress on task performance was associated with effects of stress on FC. Results suggest that long distance FC may be strengthened to compensate for additional cognitive load of the stressor but that specific short distance functional connections may be strengthened in a gender specific manner. Additionally, FC may serve as a marker for effects of stress on performance. This is the first study exploring stress effects on language tasks with imaging markers. Future studies will need to explore stress susceptible populations and establish the role of FC as a marker, with implications for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Fassini PG, Das SK, Suen VMM, Magerowski G, Marchini JS, da Silva Junior WA, Changyu S, Alonso-Alonso M. Appetite effects of prefrontal stimulation depend on COMT Val158Met polymorphism: A randomized clinical trial. Appetite 2019; 140:142-150. [PMID: 31095973 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of appetite is supported by dopamine-modulated brain circuits. Recent studies have shown that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) aimed at increasing the excitability of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can reduce appetite, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and response variability is large. The aim of this study was to determine whether individual differences in Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism can influence tDCS effects on appetite. Thirty-eight adult women with obesity, classified as carriers or non-carriers of the Met allele, underwent a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled tDCS intervention involving three phases: Phase I, target engagement (immediate effects of tDCS on working memory performance), Phase II, tDCS only (10 sessions, two weeks), and Phase III, tDCS + hypocaloric diet: (6 sessions, two weeks, 30% energy intake reduction, inpatient). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and mixed ANCOVA. Appetite was evaluated using visual analogue scales. We found that Met-carriers receiving active tDCS were the only participants who experienced a significant reduction of appetite over time. Conversely, Met non-carriers maintained high levels of appetite during the intervention; this effect was driven by a delayed paradoxical rise in appetite after stimulation. Working memory task performance at phase I correlated with subsequent appetite change in a COMT-dependent manner: speed improvements during the task predicted appetite increase in Met carriers and appetite reduction in Met non-carriers. Our findings suggest that genotype differences impacting dopamine levels influence prefrontal tDCS effects on appetite. This source of variability should be considered in the design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Giacomo Fassini
- Laboratory of Bariatric and Nutritional Neuroscience, Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111-1524, United States
| | - Vivian Marques Miguel Suen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900. Monte Alegre, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Greta Magerowski
- Laboratory of Bariatric and Nutritional Neuroscience, Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Júlio Sérgio Marchini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900. Monte Alegre, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araújo da Silva Junior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900. Monte Alegre, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shen Changyu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Miguel Alonso-Alonso
- Laboratory of Bariatric and Nutritional Neuroscience, Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
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8
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Lovallo WR, Cohoon AJ, Sorocco KH, Vincent AS, Acheson A, Hodgkinson CA, Goldman D. Early-Life Adversity and Blunted Stress Reactivity as Predictors of Alcohol and Drug use in Persons With COMT (rs4680) Val158Met Genotypes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1519-1527. [PMID: 31150143 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk for alcoholism may be enhanced by exposure to early-life adversity (ELA) in persons with genetic vulnerabilities. We examined ELA in the presence of a common variant of the gene for the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, Val158Met, rs4680) in relation to cortisol reactivity, the onset of early drinking, and experimentation with drugs. METHODS Saliva cortisol reactivity to speech and mental arithmetic stress was measured in 480 healthy young adults (23.5 years of age, 50% females) who experienced either 0, 1, or ≥ 2 forms of ELA during childhood and adolescence, provided information on use of alcohol and recreational drugs, and were genotyped for the Val158Met polymorphism. RESULTS ELA led to progressively smaller cortisol responses in the Met/Met and Val/Met allele groups but to progressively larger responses in Val homozygotes, F = 3.29, p = 0.011. ELA independently predicted earlier age at first drink, F = 14.2, p < 0.0001, with a larger effect in Met-allele carriers, F = 13.95, p < 0.00001, and a smaller effect in Val homozygotes, F = 4.14, p = 0.02. Similar effects were seen in recreational drug use. Cortisol reactivity was unrelated to drinking behavior or drug experimentation. CONCLUSIONS ELA leads to blunted stress reactivity and, independently, contributes to potentially risky drinking and drug-use behaviors in persons carrying 1 or 2 copies of the COMT 158Met allele. The results reinforce the impact of early experience on the stress axis and on risky behaviors, and they point to the 158Met allele as conveying a vulnerability to the early environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Lovallo
- VA Medical Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew J Cohoon
- VA Medical Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kristen H Sorocco
- VA Medical Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrea S Vincent
- Cognitive Science Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Ashley Acheson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Colin A Hodgkinson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Goldman
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Klaus K, Pennington K. Dopamine and Working Memory: Genetic Variation, Stress and Implications for Mental Health. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2019; 41:369-391. [PMID: 31502081 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2019_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
At the molecular level, the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is a key regulatory component of executive function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and dysfunction in dopaminergic (DAergic) circuitry has been shown to result in impaired working memory (WM). Research has identified multiple common genetic variants suggested to impact on the DA system functionally and also behaviourally to alter WM task performance. In addition, environmental stressors impact on DAergic tone, and this may be one mechanism by which stressors confer vulnerability to the development of neuropsychiatric conditions. This chapter aims to evaluate the impact of key DAergic gene variants suggested to impact on both synaptic DA levels (COMT, DAT1, DBH, MAOA) and DA receptor function (ANKK1, DRD2, DRD4) in terms of their influence on visuospatial WM. The role of stressors and interaction with the genetic background is discussed in addition to discussion around some of the implications for precision psychiatry. This and future work in this area aim to disentangle the neural mechanisms underlying susceptibility to stress and their impact and relationship with cognitive processes known to influence mental health vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Klaus
- MRC Brain and Cognition Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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van Duin EDA, Kasanova Z, Hernaus D, Ceccarini J, Heinzel A, Mottaghy F, Mohammadkhani-Shali S, Winz O, Frank M, Beck MCH, Booij J, Myin-Germeys I, van Amelsvoort T. Striatal dopamine release and impaired reinforcement learning in adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:732-742. [PMID: 29703646 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 22q11.2 and associated with an increased risk for developing psychosis. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is located in the deleted region and involved in dopamine (DA) breakdown. Impaired reinforcement learning (RL) is a recurrent feature in psychosis and thought to be related to abnormal striatal DA function. This study aims to examine RL and the potential association with striatal DA-ergic neuromodulation in 22q11DS. Twelve non-psychotic adults with 22q11DS and 16 healthy controls (HC) were included. A dopamine D2/3 receptor [18F]fallypride positron emission tomography (PET) scan was acquired while participants performed a modified version of the probabilistic stimulus selection task. RL-task performance was significantly worse in 22q11DS compared to HC. There were no group difference in striatal nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) and task-induced DA release. In HC, striatal task-induced DA release was positively associated with task performance, but no such relation was found in 22q11DS subjects. Moreover, higher caudate nucleus task-induced DA release was found in COMT Met hemizygotes relative to Val hemizygotes. This study is the first to show impairments in RL in 22q11DS. It suggests that potentially motivational impairments are not only present in psychosis, but also in this genetic high risk group. These deficits may be underlain by abnormal striatal task-induced DA release, perhaps as a consequence of COMT haplo-insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther D A van Duin
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Zuzana Kasanova
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven - Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dennis Hernaus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, MD, USA
| | - Jenny Ceccarini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Division of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander Heinzel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Felix Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Oliver Winz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Michael Frank
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Merrit C H Beck
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Booij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven - Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Crum AJ, Akinola M, Turnwald BP, Kaptchuk TJ, Hall KT. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase moderates effect of stress mindset on affect and cognition. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195883. [PMID: 29677196 PMCID: PMC5909917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that altering stress mindset-the belief that stress is enhancing vs. debilitating-can change cognitive, affective and physiological responses to stress. However individual differences in responsiveness to stress mindset manipulations have not been explored. Given the previously established role of catecholamines in both placebo effects and stress, we hypothesized that genetic variation in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines, would moderate responses to an intervention intended to alter participants' mindsets about stress. Participants (N = 107) were exposed to a stress mindset manipulation (videos highlighting either the enhancing or debilitating effects of stress) prior to engaging in a Trier Social Stress task and subsequent cognitive tasks. The associations of the COMT rs4680 polymorphism with the effect of stress mindset video manipulations on cognitive and affective responses were examined. Genetic variation at rs4680 modified the effects of stress mindset on affective and cognitive responses to stress. Individuals homozygous for rs4680 low-activity allele (met/met) were responsive to the stress-is-enhancing mindset manipulation as indicated by greater increases in positive affect, improved cognitive functioning, and happiness bias in response to stress. Conversely, individuals homozygous for the high-activity allele (val/val) were not as responsive to the stress mindset manipulation. These results suggest that responses to stress mindset intervention may vary with COMT genotype. These findings contribute to the understanding of gene by environment interactions for mindset interventions and stress reactivity and therefore warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia J. Crum
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Modupe Akinola
- Columbia Business School, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Bradley P. Turnwald
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ted J. Kaptchuk
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn T. Hall
- Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
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12
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Klaus K, Butler K, Durrant SJ, Ali M, Inglehearn CF, Hodgson TL, Gutierrez H, Pennington K. The effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00695. [PMID: 28523234 PMCID: PMC5434197 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research has indicated that variation in genes encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) may influence cognitive function and that this may confer vulnerability to the development of mental health disorders such as schizophrenia. However, increasing evidence suggests environmental factors such as early life stress may interact with genetic variants in affecting these cognitive outcomes. This study investigated the effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress in healthy adults. METHODS One hundred and twenty-two healthy adult males (mean age 35.2 years, range 21-63) were enrolled in the study. Cognitive function was assessed using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery and early life stress was assessed using the Childhood Traumatic Events Scale (Pennebaker & Susman, 1988). RESULTS DRD2 C957T was significantly associated with executive function, with CC homozygotes having significantly reduced performance in spatial working memory and spatial planning. A significant genotype-trauma interaction was found in Rapid Visual Information Processing test, a measure of sustained attention, with CC carriers who had experienced early life stress exhibiting impaired performance compared to the CC carriers without early life stressful experiences. There were no significant findings for COMT Val158Met. CONCLUSIONS This study supports previous findings that DRD2 C957T significantly affects performance on executive function related tasks in healthy individuals and shows for the first time that some of these effects may be mediated through the impact of childhood traumatic events. Future work should aim to clarify further the effect of stress on neuronal systems that are known to be vulnerable in mental health disorders and more specifically what the impact of this might be on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Klaus
- School of Psychology University of Lincoln Lincoln UK
| | - Kevin Butler
- School of Psychology University of Lincoln Lincoln UK
| | | | - Manir Ali
- Section of Ophthalmology & Neuroscience Leeds Institute of Biomedical Sciences St James' Hospital University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Chris F Inglehearn
- Section of Ophthalmology & Neuroscience Leeds Institute of Biomedical Sciences St James' Hospital University of Leeds Leeds UK
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Bastos P, Gomes T, Ribeiro L. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT): An Update on Its Role in Cancer, Neurological and Cardiovascular Diseases. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 173:1-39. [DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Lacourt TE, Heijnen CJ. Mechanisms of Neurotoxic Symptoms as a Result of Breast Cancer and Its Treatment: Considerations on the Contribution of Stress, Inflammation, and Cellular Bioenergetics. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2017; 9:70-81. [PMID: 28616125 PMCID: PMC5445149 DOI: 10.1007/s12609-017-0245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breast cancer and its treatment are associated with a range of neurotoxic symptoms, such as fatigue, cognitive impairment, and pain. Although these symptoms generally subside after treatment completion, they become chronic in a significant subset of patients. We here summarize recent findings on neuroinflammation, stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction as mechanistic pathways leading to neurotoxic symptom experience in breast cancer patients and survivors. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroinflammation related to stress or cancer treatment and stress resulting from diagnosis, treatment, or (cancer-related) worrying are important predictors of a neurotoxic symptom experience, both during and after treatment for breast cancer. Both inflammation and stress hormones, as well as cancer treatment, can induce mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in reduced cellular energy. SUMMARY We propose reduced cellular energy (mitochondrial dysfunction) induced by inflammation, oxygen radical production, and stress as a result of cancer and/or cancer treatment as a final mechanism underlying neurotoxic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara E. Lacourt
- Department of Symptom Research, Neuroimmunology Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Cobi J. Heijnen
- Department of Symptom Research, Neuroimmunology Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 384, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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New Repeat Polymorphism in the AKT1 Gene Predicts Striatal Dopamine D2/D3 Receptor Availability and Stimulant-Induced Dopamine Release in the Healthy Human Brain. J Neurosci 2017; 37:4982-4991. [PMID: 28416594 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3155-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the protein kinase Akt1 in dopamine neurotransmission is well recognized and has been implicated in schizophrenia and psychosis. However, the extent to which variants in the AKT1 gene influence dopamine neurotransmission is not well understood. Here we investigated the effect of a newly characterized variant number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in AKT1 [major alleles: L- (eight repeats) and H- (nine repeats)] on striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor (DRD2) availability and on dopamine release in healthy volunteers. We used PET and [11C]raclopride to assess baseline DRD2 availability in 91 participants. In 54 of these participants, we also measured intravenous methylphenidate-induced dopamine release to measure dopamine release. Dopamine release was quantified as the difference in specific binding of [11C]raclopride (nondisplaceable binding potential) between baseline values and values following methylphenidate injection. There was an effect of AKT1 genotype on DRD2 availability at baseline for the caudate (F(2,90) = 8.2, p = 0.001) and putamen (F(2,90) = 6.6, p = 0.002), but not the ventral striatum (p = 0.3). For the caudate and putamen, LL showed higher DRD2 availability than HH; HL were in between. There was also a significant effect of AKT1 genotype on dopamine increases in the ventral striatum (F(2,53) = 5.3, p = 0.009), with increases being stronger in HH > HL > LL. However, no dopamine increases were observed in the caudate (p = 0.1) or putamen (p = 0.8) following methylphenidate injection. Our results provide evidence that the AKT1 gene modulates both striatal DRD2 availability and dopamine release in the human brain, which could account for its association with schizophrenia and psychosis. The clinical relevance of the newly characterized AKT1 VNTR merits investigation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The AKT1 gene has been implicated in schizophrenia and psychosis. This association is likely to reflect modulation of dopamine signaling by Akt1 kinase since striatal dopamine hyperstimulation is associated with psychosis and schizophrenia. Here, using PET with [11C]raclopride, we identified in the AKT1 gene a new variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) marker associated with baseline striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and with methylphenidate-induced striatal dopamine increases in healthy volunteers. Our results confirm the involvement of the AKT1 gene in modulating striatal dopamine signaling in the human brain. Future studies are needed to assess the association of this new VNTR AKT1 variant in schizophrenia and drug-induced psychoses.
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16
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Guo L, Li PH, Li H, Colicino E, Colicino S, Wen Y, Zhang R, Feng X, Barrow TM, Cayir A, Baccarelli AA, Byun HM. Effects of environmental noise exposure on DNA methylation in the brain and metabolic health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 153:73-82. [PMID: 27914298 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental noise exposure is associated with adverse effects on human health including hearing loss, heart disease, and changes in stress-related hormone levels. Alteration in DNA methylation in response to environmental exposures is a well-known phenomenon and it is implicated in many human diseases. Understanding how environmental noise exposures affect DNA methylation patterns may help to elucidate the link between noise and adverse effects on health. In this pilot study we examined the effects of environmental noise exposure on DNA methylation of genes related to brain function and investigated whether these changes are related with metabolic health. We exposed four groups of male Wistar rats to moderate intensity noise (70-75dB with 20-4000Hz) at night for three days as short-term exposure, and for three weeks as long-term exposure. Noise exposure was limited to 45dB during the daytime. Control groups were exposed to only 45dB, day and night. We measured DNA methylation in the Bdnf, Comt, Crhr1, Mc2r, and Snca genes in tissue from four brain regions of the rats (hippocampus, frontal lobe, medulla oblongata, and inferior colliculus). Further, we measured blood pressure and body weight after long-term noise exposure. We found that environmental noise exposure is associated with gene-specific DNA methylation changes in specific regions of the brain. Changes in DNA methylation are significantly associated with changes in body weight (between Bdnf DNA methylation and Δ body weight: r=0.59, p=0.018; and between LINE-1 ORF DNA methylation and Δ body weight: =-0.80, p=0.0004). We also observed that noise exposure decreased blood pressure (p=0.038 for SBP, p=0.017 for DBP and p 0. 017 for MAP) and decreased body weight (β=-26g, p=0.008). In conclusion, environmental noise exposures can induce changes in DNA methylation in the brain, which may be associated with adverse effects upon metabolic health through modulation of response to stress-related hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Guo
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Peng-Hui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Elena Colicino
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Silvia Colicino
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Radiology, No. 531 Hospital of the PLA, Tonghua, Jilin 134000, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Department of Radiology, No. 531 Hospital of the PLA, Tonghua, Jilin 134000, China
| | - Xiaotian Feng
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Timothy M Barrow
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Akin Cayir
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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17
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Joint Impact of Early Life Adversity and COMT Val158Met (rs4680) Genotypes on the Adult Cortisol Response to Psychological Stress. Psychosom Med 2017; 79:631-637. [PMID: 28452825 PMCID: PMC5489380 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exposure to stress during critical periods of development can diminish stress reactivity by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Genetic characteristics may further modify this effect of early adversity, leading to a gene by environment (G × E) interaction on stress reactivity in adulthood. Val-allele carriers of a common polymorphism of the COMT gene (Val158Met, rs4680) have rapid removal of catecholamines in the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, and reward centers. Carriers of the Val and Met alleles may therefore respond differently to the environment and differ in the long-term impact of exposure to early life adversity (ELA). METHODS We measured saliva cortisol reactivity to public speaking and mental arithmetic stress in 252 healthy young adults exposed to low, medium, and high levels of ELA and who were genotyped for the Val158Met polymorphism. RESULTS Cortisol responses showed a G × E interaction (F(4,243) = 2.78, p = .028); simple effects tests showed that Met/Met carriers had progressively smaller cortisol responses with greater levels of ELA. In comparison, Val/Val homozygotes had blunted responses that did not vary with ELA exposure. CONCLUSIONS Met/Met homozygotes seem sensitive to stressful events in childhood and adolescence, leading to environmental programming of the stress axis. Glucocorticoid responsivity may represent a common pathway revealing targeted genetic vulnerabilities to the long-term effects of early life stress. The results suggest that further G × E studies of ELA are warranted in relation to health behaviors and health outcomes in adulthood.
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Howes OD, McCutcheon R, Owen MJ, Murray RM. The Role of Genes, Stress, and Dopamine in the Development of Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:9-20. [PMID: 27720198 PMCID: PMC5675052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine hypothesis is the longest standing pathoetiologic theory of schizophrenia. Because it was initially based on indirect evidence and findings in patients with established schizophrenia, it was unclear what role dopamine played in the onset of the disorder. However, recent studies in people at risk of schizophrenia have found elevated striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and increased dopamine release to stress. Furthermore, striatal dopamine changes have been linked to altered cortical function during cognitive tasks, in line with preclinical evidence that a circuit involving cortical projections to the striatum and midbrain may underlie the striatal dopamine changes. Other studies have shown that a number of environmental risk factors for schizophrenia, such as social isolation and childhood trauma, also affect presynaptic dopaminergic function. Advances in preclinical work and genetics have begun to unravel the molecular architecture linking dopamine, psychosis, and psychosocial stress. Included among the many genes associated with risk of schizophrenia are the gene encoding the dopamine D2 receptor and those involved in the upstream regulation of dopaminergic synthesis, through glutamatergic and gamma-aminobutyric acidergic pathways. A number of these pathways are also linked to the stress response. We review these new lines of evidence and present a model of how genes and environmental factors may sensitize the dopamine system so that it is vulnerable to acute stress, leading to progressive dysregulation and the onset of psychosis. Finally, we consider the implications for rational drug development, in particular regionally selective dopaminergic modulation, and the potential of genetic factors to stratify patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D Howes
- Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Robert McCutcheon
- Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Robin M Murray
- Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Beck SM, Ruge H, Schindler C, Burkart M, Miller R, Kirschbaum C, Goschke T. Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® on cognitive control functions, mental activity of the prefrontal cortex and stress reactivity in elderly adults with subjective memory impairment - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol 2016; 31:227-42. [PMID: 27147264 PMCID: PMC5084772 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive control as well as stress reactivity is assumed to depend on prefrontal dopamine and decline with age. Because Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 increases prefrontal dopamine in animals, we assessed its effects on cognitive functions related to prefrontal dopamine. METHODS Effects of 240-mg EGb761 daily on task-set-switching, response-inhibition, delayed response, prospective-memory, task-related fMRI-BOLD-signals and the Trier Social Stress-Test were explored in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot-trial in 61 elderly volunteers with subjective memory impairment. RESULTS Baseline-FMRI-data showed BOLD-responses in regions commonly activated by the specific tasks. Task-switch-costs decreased with EGb761 compared to placebo (ANOVA-interaction: Group × Time × Switch-Costs p = 0.018, multiple tests uncorrected), indicating improved cognitive flexibility. Go-NoGo-task reaction-times corrected for error-rates indicated a trend for improved response inhibition. No treatment effects were found for the delayed response and prospective-memory tasks and fMRI-data. A non-significant trend indicated a potentially accelerated endocrine stress-recovery. EGb761 was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSION We observed indications for improved cognitive flexibility without changes in brain activation, suggesting increased processing efficiency with EGb761. Together with a trend for improved response inhibition results are compatible with mild enhancement of prefrontal dopamine. These conclusions on potential beneficial effect of EGb761 on prefrontal dopaminergic functions should be confirmed by direct measurements. © 2016 The Authors. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M. Beck
- Department of PsychologyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany,Neuroimaging CentreTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Hannes Ruge
- Department of PsychologyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany,Neuroimaging CentreTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Christoph Schindler
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany,Clinical Research Center Hannover & Institute for Clinical PharmacologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Robert Miller
- Department of PsychologyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | | | - Thomas Goschke
- Department of PsychologyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany,Neuroimaging CentreTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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20
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Kasanova Z, Hernaus D, Vaessen T, van Amelsvoort T, Winz O, Heinzel A, Pruessner J, Mottaghy FM, Collip D, Myin-Germeys I. Early-Life Stress Affects Stress-Related Prefrontal Dopamine Activity in Healthy Adults, but Not in Individuals with Psychotic Disorder. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150746. [PMID: 27007554 PMCID: PMC4805207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress may have a lasting impact on the developmental programming of the dopamine (DA) system implicated in psychosis. Early adversity could promote resilience by calibrating the prefrontal stress-regulatory dopaminergic neurotransmission to improve the individual's fit with the predicted stressful environment. Aberrant reactivity to such match between proximal and distal environments may, however, enhance psychosis disease risk. We explored the combined effects of childhood adversity and adult stress by exposing 12 unmedicated individuals with a diagnosis of non-affective psychotic disorder (NAPD) and 12 healthy controls (HC) to psychosocial stress during an [18F]fallypride positron emission tomography. Childhood trauma divided into early (ages 0-11 years) and late (12-18 years) was assessed retrospectively using a questionnaire. A significant group x childhood trauma interaction on the spatial extent of stress-related [18F]fallypride displacement was observed in the mPFC for early (b = -8.45, t(1,23) = -3.35, p = .004) and late childhood trauma (b = -7.86, t(1,23) = -2.48, p = .023). In healthy individuals, the spatial extent of mPFC DA activity under acute psychosocial stress was positively associated with the severity of early (b = 7.23, t(11) = 3.06, p = .016) as well as late childhood trauma (b = -7.86, t(1,23) = -2.48, p = .023). Additionally, a trend-level main effect of early childhood trauma on subjective stress response emerged within this group (b = -.7, t(11) = -2, p = .07), where higher early trauma correlated with lower subjective stress response to the task. In the NAPD group, childhood trauma was not associated with the spatial extent of the tracer displacement in mPFC (b = -1.22, t(11) = -0.67), nor was there a main effect of trauma on the subjective perception of stress within this group (b = .004, t(11) = .01, p = .99). These findings reveal a potential mechanism of neuroadaptation of prefrontal DA transmission to early life stress and suggest its role in resilience and vulnerability to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kasanova
- Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dennis Hernaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and NeuroScience MHeNS Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Vaessen
- Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Winz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Heinzel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jens Pruessner
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Felix M. Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dina Collip
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and NeuroScience MHeNS Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Booij L, Welfeld K, Leyton M, Dagher A, Boileau I, Sibon I, Baker GB, Diksic M, Soucy JP, Pruessner JC, Cawley-Fiset E, Casey KF, Benkelfat C. Dopamine cross-sensitization between psychostimulant drugs and stress in healthy male volunteers. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e740. [PMID: 26905412 PMCID: PMC4872435 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the stress response system is a potential etiological factor in the development of and relapse to multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Previously we reported that repeated intermittent d-amphetamine administration can lead to progressively greater dopamine release, thereby providing evidence of drug-induced neurochemical sensitization. Here, we test the hypothesis that repeated exposure to d-amphetamine increases dopaminergic responses to stress; that is, produces cross-sensitization. Using positron emission tomography, we measured in 17 healthy male volunteers (mean ± s.d. = 22.1 ± 3.4 years) [(11)C]raclopride binding responses to a validated psychosocial stress task before and 2 weeks after a regimen of repeated d-amphetamine (3 × 0.3 mg kg(-1), by mouth; n = 8) or placebo (3 × lactose, by mouth; n = 9). Mood and physiological measurements were recorded throughout each session. Before the d-amphetamine regimen, exposure to the stress task increased behavioral and physiological indices of stress (anxiety, heart rate, cortisol, all P ⩽ 0.05). Following the d-amphetamine regimen, the stress-induced cortisol responses were augmented (P < 0.04), and voxel-based analyses showed larger stress-induced decreases in [(11)C]raclopride non-displaceable binding potential across the striatum. In the placebo group, re-exposure to stress led to smaller clusters of decreased [(11)C]raclopride binding, primarily in the sensorimotor striatum (P < 0.05). Together, this study provides evidence for drug × stress cross-sensitization; moreover, random exposure to stimulants and/or stress cumulatively, while enhancing dopamine release in striatal areas, may contribute to a lowered set point for psychopathologies in which altered dopamine neurotransmission is invoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Booij
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada,CHU Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K Welfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Leyton
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - I Boileau
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Sibon
- Pole de Neurosciences Cliniques, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - G B Baker
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Diksic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J-P Soucy
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J C Pruessner
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - E Cawley-Fiset
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K F Casey
- CHU Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Benkelfat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Avenue des Pins West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A1A1. E-mail:
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22
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van den Berg MMHE, Maas J, Muller R, Braun A, Kaandorp W, van Lien R, van Poppel MNM, van Mechelen W, van den Berg AE. Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Viewing Green and Built Settings: Differentiating Between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:15860-74. [PMID: 26694426 PMCID: PMC4690962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121215026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This laboratory study explored buffering and recovery effects of viewing urban green and built spaces on autonomic nervous system activity. Forty-six students viewed photos of green and built spaces immediately following, and preceding acute stress induction. Simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram and impedance cardiogram signal was used to derive respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre-ejection period (PEP), indicators of respectively parasympathetic and sympathetic activity. The findings provide support for greater recovery after viewing green scenes, as marked by a stronger increase in RSA as a marker of parasympathetic activity. There were no indications for greater recovery after viewing green scenes in PEP as a marker of sympathetic activity, and there were also no indications of greater buffering effects of green space in neither RSA nor PEP. Overall, our findings are consistent with a predominant role of the parasympathetic nervous system in restorative effects of viewing green space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M H E van den Berg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jolanda Maas
- Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Vrije Universiteit (VU), Transitorium Van der Boechorststraat 1, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rianne Muller
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anoek Braun
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Wendy Kaandorp
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - René van Lien
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit (VU), Transitorium Van der Boechorststraat 1, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mireille N M van Poppel
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, NL 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Agnes E van den Berg
- Department of Cultural Geography, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Landleven 1, 9747 AD Groningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Chen H, Ji CX, Zhao LL, Kong XJ, Zeng XT. Association Between Polymorphisms of DRD2, COMT, DBH, and MAO-A Genes and Migraine Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2012. [PMID: 26632697 PMCID: PMC5058966 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of DRD2, COMT, DBH, and MAO-A and migraine susceptibility, but the results are still inconsistent. Thus, our aim was to further assess the association through a meta-analysis.We examined 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 4 genes, including DRD2 rs1799732 and rs6275, DBH rs7239728, MAI-A-VNTR, and COMT rs4680, and performed a meta-analysis of 11 published case-control studies including 3138 cases and 4126 controls. Odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the association between the 5 genetic polymorphisms and migraine susceptibility.There was no significant relationship between migraine susceptibility and 4 genetic polymorphisms of DRD2 rs1799732 and rs6275, DBH rs7239728, and MAO-A-VNTR. Nevertheless, decreased risk of migraine was observed to be in association with COMT rs4680 polymorphism in overall analysis (AA vs. GG + GA: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60-0.97, PHet > 0.642, I = 0), and in Caucasian group after subgroup analysis (AA vs. GG + GA: OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58-0.96, PHet > 0.433, I = 0).Studied polymorphisms of DRD2, DBH, and MAO-A genes may not be associated with migraine susceptibility. However, COMT rs4680 polymorphism may decrease the risk of migraine, especially in Caucasians. The failure to evaluate environmental influence and provide adjusted effect size estimates highlights the need for additional studies in a large number to take these factors into consideration, thus better elucidating the role of the genes tested in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Chen
- From Department of Scientific Research, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China (HC); Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China (C-XJ, HC); Department of Human Resources, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China (L-LZ); Central Laboratory, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China (X-JK); and Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (X-TZ)
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24
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Slade GD, Sanders AE, Ohrbach R, Bair E, Maixner W, Greenspan JD, Fillingim RB, Smith S, Diatchenko L. COMT Diplotype Amplifies Effect of Stress on Risk of Temporomandibular Pain. J Dent Res 2015. [PMID: 26198390 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515595043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
When measured once, psychological stress predicts development of painful temporomandibular disorder (TMD). However, a single measurement fails to characterize the dynamic nature of stress over time. Moreover, effects of stress on pain likely vary according to biological susceptibility. We hypothesized that temporal escalation in stress exacerbates risk for TMD, and the effect is amplified by allelic variants in a gene, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), regulating catechol neurotransmitter catabolism. We used data from the Orofacial Pain: Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment prospective cohort study of 2,707 community-dwelling adults with no lifetime history of TMD on enrollment. At baseline and quarterly periods thereafter, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) measured psychological stress. Genotyped DNA from blood samples determined COMT diplotypes. During follow-up of 0.25 to 5.2 y, 248 adults developed examiner-verified incident TMD. PSS scores at baseline were 20% greater (P < 0.001) in adults who developed incident TMD compared with TMD-free controls. Baseline PSS scores increased by 9% (P = 0.003) during follow-up in cases but remained stable in controls. This stress escalation was limited to incident cases with COMT diplotypes coding for low-activity COMT, signifying impaired catabolism of catecholamines. Cox regression models confirmed significant effects on TMD hazard of both baseline PSS (P < 0.001), modeled as a time-constant covariate, and change in PSS (P < 0.001), modeled as a time-varying covariate. Furthermore, a significant (P = 0.04) interaction of COMT diplotype and time-varying stress showed that a postbaseline increase of 1.0 standard deviation in PSS more than doubled risk of TMD incidence in subjects with low-activity COMT diplotypes (hazard ratio = 2.35; 95% confidence limits: 1.66, 3.32), an effect not found in subjects with high-activity COMT diplotypes (hazard ratio = 1.42; 95% confidence limits: 0.96, 2.09). Findings provide novel insights into dynamic effects of psychological stress on TMD pain, highlighting that effects are most pronounced in individuals whose genetic susceptibility increases responsiveness to catecholamine neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Slade
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A E Sanders
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R Ohrbach
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - E Bair
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W Maixner
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J D Greenspan
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA Brotman Facial Pain Clinic, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R B Fillingim
- Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - S Smith
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L Diatchenko
- Allan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Vaessen T, Hernaus D, Myin-Germeys I, van Amelsvoort T. The dopaminergic response to acute stress in health and psychopathology: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015. [PMID: 26196459 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous work in animals has shown that dopamine (DA) in cortex and striatum plays an essential role in stress processing. For the first time, we systematically reviewed the in vivo evidence for DAergic stress processing in health and psychopathology in humans. All studies included (n studies=25, n observations=324) utilized DA D2/3 positron emission tomography and measured DAergic activity during an acute stress challenge. The evidence in healthy volunteers (HV) suggests that physiological, but not psychological, stress consistently increases striatal DA release. Instead, increased medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) DAergic activity in HV was observed during psychological stress. Across brain regions, stress-related DAergic activity was correlated with the physiological and psychological intensity of the stressor. The magnitude of stress-induced DA release was dependent on rearing conditions, personality traits and genetic variations in several SNPs. In psychopathology, preliminary evidence was found for stress-related dorsal striatal DAergic hyperactivity in psychosis spectrum and a blunted response in chronic cannabis use and pain-related disorders, but results were inconsistent. Physiological stress-induced DAergic activity in striatum in HV may reflect somatosensory properties of the stressor and readiness for active fight-or-flight behavior. DAergic activity in HV in the ventral striatum and mPFC may be more related to expectations about the stressor and threat evaluation, respectively. Future studies with increased sample size in HV and psychopathology assessing the functional relevance of stress-induced DAergic activity, the association between cortical and subcortical DAergic activity and the direct comparison of different stressors are necessary to conclusively elucidate the role of the DA system in the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vaessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience MHeNS, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
| | - Dennis Hernaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience MHeNS, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience MHeNS, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience MHeNS, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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26
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De Marchis ML, Barbanti P, Palmirotta R, Egeo G, Aurilia C, Fofi L, Piroso S, Ialongo C, Della-Morte D, D'Andrea G, Ferroni P, Guadagni F. Look beyond Catechol-O-Methyltransferase genotype for cathecolamines derangement in migraine: the BioBIM rs4818 and rs4680 polymorphisms study. J Headache Pain 2015; 16:520. [PMID: 25929431 PMCID: PMC4441644 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-015-0520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study of COMT gene polymorphisms in migraine could be of particular interest since impaired catecholaminergic neurotransmission, namely chronic dopaminergic and noradrenergic hypofunction, is a peculiar migraine trait. In this study, for the first time, we focused on the role of COMT rs4818 genetic variant, the polymorphism most strongly affecting COMT activity, in migraine. This study was conducted in a cohort of carefully clinical characterized Caucasian migraineurs recruited in a specifically dedicated migraine biobank, providing also a replication study on rs4680 polymorphism. Findings Genotyping of rs4680 and rs4818 Catechol-O-Methyltransferase gene polymorphisms was performed on 380 unrelated migraine patients, and 132 healthy subjects matched for age, gender and race-ethnicity, with no clinical evidence or family history of migraine or other neurological diseases. The rs4680 and rs4818 genotypic frequencies did not deviate from those expected for a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and did not correlate with demographics or clinical migraine features, even when considering migraine subtypes such as dopaminergic migraine, menstrual migraine, and menstrually related migraine. Conclusions COMT genotype does not influence migraine susceptibility or phenotype, even considering rs4818 polymorphism and peculiar clinical subtypes. This finding prompts to go over COMT to explain catecholamine derangement in migraine, exploring enzymes involved in catecholamines synthesis and catabolism, such as monoamine-oxidase, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, tyrosine-hydroxylase or tyrosine-decarboxylase, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura De Marchis
- Interinstitutional Multidisciplinary Biobank (BioBIM), IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy,
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27
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Solís-Ortiz S, Pérez-Luque E, Gutiérrez-Muñoz M. Modulation of the COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism on resting-state EEG power. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:136. [PMID: 25883560 PMCID: PMC4382983 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(158)Met polymorphism impacts cortical dopamine (DA) levels and may influence cortical electrical activity in the human brain. This study investigated whether COMT genotype influences resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) power in the frontal, parietal and midline regions in healthy volunteers. EEG recordings were conducted in the resting-state in 13 postmenopausal healthy woman carriers of the Val/Val genotype and 11 with the Met/Met genotype. The resting EEG spectral absolute power in the frontal (F3, F4, F7, F8, FC3 and FC4), parietal (CP3, CP4, P3 and P4) and midline (Fz, FCz, Cz, CPz, Pz and Oz) was analyzed during the eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. The frequency bands considered were the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1 and beta2. EEG data of the Val/Val and Met/Met genotypes, brain regions and conditions were analyzed using a general linear model analysis. In the individuals with the Met/Met genotype, delta activity was increased in the eyes-closed condition, theta activity was increased in the eyes-closed and in the eyes-open conditions, and alpha1 band, alpha2 band and beta1band activity was increased in the eyes-closed condition. A significant interaction between COMT genotypes and spectral bands was observed. Met homozygote individuals exhibited more delta, theta and beta1 activity than individuals with the Val/Val genotype. No significant interaction between COMT genotypes and the resting-state EEG regional power and conditions were observed for the three brain regions studied. Our findings indicate that the COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism does not directly impact resting-state EEG regional power, but instead suggest that COMT genotype can modulate resting-state EEG spectral power in postmenopausal healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Solís-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cognitive Electrophysiology and Hormones, Department of Medical Sciences, University of GuanajuatoLeón, Mexico
| | - Elva Pérez-Luque
- Laboratory of Cognitive Electrophysiology and Hormones, Department of Medical Sciences, University of GuanajuatoLeón, Mexico
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28
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No evidence for attenuated stress-induced extrastriatal dopamine signaling in psychotic disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e547. [PMID: 25871972 PMCID: PMC4462602 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important risk factor in the etiology of psychotic disorder. Preclinical work has shown that stress primarily increases dopamine (DA) transmission in the frontal cortex. Given that DA-mediated hypofrontality is hypothesized to be a cardinal feature of psychotic disorder, stress-related extrastriatal DA release may be altered in psychotic disorder. Here we quantified for the first time stress-induced extrastriatal DA release and the spatial extent of extrastriatal DA release in individuals with non-affective psychotic disorder (NAPD). Twelve healthy volunteers (HV) and 12 matched drug-free NAPD patients underwent a single infusion [(18)F]fallypride positron emission tomography scan during which they completed the control and stress condition of the Montreal Imaging Stress Task. HV and NAPD did not differ in stress-induced [(18)F]fallypride displacement and the spatial extent of stress-induced [(18)F]fallypride displacement in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporal cortex (TC). In the whole sample, the spatial extent of stress-induced radioligand displacement in right ventro-mPFC, but not dorso-mPFC or TC, was positively associated with task-induced subjective stress. Psychotic symptoms during the scan or negative, positive and general subscales of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were not associated with stress-induced [(18)F]fallypride displacement nor the spatial extent of stress-induced [(18)F]fallypride displacement in NAPD. Our results do not offer evidence for altered stress-induced extrastriatal DA signaling in NAPD, nor altered functional relevance. The implications of these findings for the role of the DA system in NAPD and stress processing are discussed.
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29
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Dennis M, Spiegler BJ, Simic N, Sinopoli KJ, Wilkinson A, Yeates KO, Taylor HG, Bigler ED, Fletcher JM. Functional plasticity in childhood brain disorders: when, what, how, and whom to assess. Neuropsychol Rev 2014; 24:389-408. [PMID: 24821533 PMCID: PMC4231018 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-014-9261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
At every point in the lifespan, the brain balances malleable processes representing neural plasticity that promote change with homeostatic processes that promote stability. Whether a child develops typically or with brain injury, his or her neural and behavioral outcome is constructed through transactions between plastic and homeostatic processes and the environment. In clinical research with children in whom the developing brain has been malformed or injured, behavioral outcomes provide an index of the result of plasticity, homeostasis, and environmental transactions. When should we assess outcome in relation to age at brain insult, time since brain insult, and age of the child at testing? What should we measure? Functions involving reacting to the past and predicting the future, as well as social-affective skills, are important. How should we assess outcome? Information from performance variability, direct measures and informants, overt and covert measures, and laboratory and ecological measures should be considered. In whom are we assessing outcome? Assessment should be cognizant of individual differences in gene, socio-economic status (SES), parenting, nutrition, and interpersonal supports, which are moderators that interact with other factors influencing functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Dennis
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada,
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30
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Abstract
Hippocampal volume loss has been related to chronic stress as well as genetic factors. Although genetic and environmental variables affecting hippocampal volume have extensively been studied and related to mental illness, limited evidence is available with respect to G × E interactions on hippocampal volume. The present MRI study investigated interaction effects on hippocampal volume between three well-studied functional genetic variants (COMT Val158Met, BDNF Val66Met, 5-HTTLPR) associated with hippocampal volume and a measure of environmental adversity (life events questionnaire) in a large sample of healthy humans (n = 153). All three variants showed significant interactions with environmental adversity with respect to hippocampal volume. Observed effects were additive by nature and driven by both recent as well as early life events. A consecutive analysis of hippocampal subfields revealed a spatially distinct profile for each genetic variant suggesting a specific role of 5-HTTLPR for the subiculum, BDNF Val66Met for CA4/dentate gyrus, and COMT Val158Met for CA2/3 volume changes. The present study underscores the importance of G × E interactions as determinants of hippocampal volume, which is crucial for the neurobiological understanding of stress-related conditions, such as mood disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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31
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31-year-old female shows marked improvement in depression, agitation, and panic attacks after genetic testing was used to inform treatment. Case Rep Psychiatry 2014; 2014:842349. [PMID: 24744941 PMCID: PMC3976904 DOI: 10.1155/2014/842349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This case describes a 31-year-old female Caucasian patient with complaints of ongoing depression, agitation, and severe panic attacks. The patient was untreated until a recent unsuccessful trial of citalopram followed by venlafaxine which produced a partial response. Genetic testing was performed to assist in treatment decisions and revealed the patient to be heterozygous for polymorphisms in 5HT2C, ANK3, and MTHFR and homozygous for a polymorphism in SLC6A4 and the low activity (Met/Met) COMT allele. In response to genetic results and clinical presentation, venlafaxine was maintained and lamotrigine was added leading to remission of agitation and depression.
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