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Abass S, Parveen R, Irfan M, Malik Z, Husain SA, Ahmad S. Mechanism of antibacterial phytoconstituents: an updated review. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:325. [PMID: 38913205 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The increase of multiple drug resistance bacteria significantly diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic armory and subsequently exaggerates the level of therapeutic failure. Phytoconstituents are exceptional substitutes for resistance-modifying vehicles. The plants appear to be a deep well for the discovery of novel antibacterial compounds. This is owing to the numerous enticing characteristics of plants, they are easily accessible and inexpensive, extracts or chemicals derived from plants typically have significant levels of action against infections, and they rarely cause serious adverse effects. The enormous selection of phytochemicals offers very distinct chemical structures that may provide both novel mechanisms of antimicrobial activity and deliver us with different targets in the interior of the bacterial cell. They can directly affect bacteria or act together with the crucial events of pathogenicity, in this manner decreasing the aptitude of bacteria to create resistance. Abundant phytoconstituents demonstrate various mechanisms of action toward multi drug resistance bacteria. Overall, this comprehensive review will provide insights into the potential of phytoconstituents as alternative treatments for bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multi drug resistance strains. By examining the current state of research in this area, the review will shed light on potential future directions for the development of new antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sageer Abass
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zoya Malik
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Khan ZA, Wani MY, Ahmad A, Basha MT, Aly NA, Yakout AA. Multifunctional chitosan-cross linked- curcumin-tannic acid biocomposites disrupt quorum sensing and biofilm formation in pathogenic bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132719. [PMID: 38821810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have a long history of success in treating bacterial infections, making them a promising source for novel antibacterial medications. Curcumin, an essential component of turmeric, has shown potential in treating bacterial infections and in this study, we covalently immobilized curcumin (Cur) onto chitosan (CS) using glutaraldehyde and tannic acid (TA), resulting in the fabrication of novel biocomposites with varying CS/Cur/TA ratios. Comprehensive characterization of these ternary biocomposites was conducted using FTIR, SEM, XPS, and XRD to assess their morphology, functional groups, and chemical structures. The inhibitory efficacy of these novel biocomposites (n = 4) against the growth and viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853) and Chromobacterium violaceum (ATCC12472) was evaluated and the most promising composite (C3) was investigated for its impact on quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation in these bacteria. Remarkably, this biocomposite significantly disrupted QS circuits and effectively curtailed biofilm formation in the tested pathogens without inducing appreciable toxicity. These findings underscore its potential for future in vivo studies, positioning it as a promising candidate for the development of biofilm disrupting antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziya Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Maram T Basha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A Aly
- Department of Pharmacy Technology, Faculty of Technological Health Sciences, Borg El Arab Technological University, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr A Yakout
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Wu W, Mis Solval K, Chen J. Ellagitannin content and anti-enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli activity of aqueous extracts derived from commercial pomegranate products. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29700. [PMID: 38660237 PMCID: PMC11040112 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compared the efficacy of aqueous extracts of commercially available pomegranate peel products and a juice powder in inhibiting the growth of two enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains. Cell suspension of each E. coli strain (5 Log CFU/ml) was added into tryptic soy broth amended with 9 or 23% of each extract prepared with two different methods. After treatment for 5, 10, and 24 h at 25 °C, surviving E. coli cells were enumerated on tryptic soy agar to determine cell population reduction compared to the controls. The concentrations of six different ellagitannins and titratable activity in each treatment system were determined and correlated to E. coli cell population reduction. The extracts from three powdered pomegranate peels caused a significantly greater (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in E. coli population than the extract from the whole peel and juice powder. The higher dose of extracts resulted in a greater cell population reduction than the lower dose. The level of E. coli population reduction correlated positively with the total ellagitannins content (R2 0.67-0.98) and the titratable acidity (R2 0.69-0.98) in the treatment systems. The study suggests that pomegranate peels are promising natural additives or preservatives to control pathogens like EHEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifan Wu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223-1797, USA
| | - Kevin Mis Solval
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223-1797, USA
| | - Jinru Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223-1797, USA
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Amarowicz R, Pegg RB. Condensed tannins-Their content in plant foods, changes during processing, antioxidant and biological activities. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 110:327-398. [PMID: 38906590 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Condensed tannins are considered nutritionally undesirable, because they precipitate proteins, inhibit digestive enzymes, and can affect the absorption of vitamins and minerals. From the consumer's point of view, they impart astringency to foods. Yet, they are viewed as a double-edged sword, since they possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Intake of a small quantity of the right kind of tannins may in fact be beneficial to human health. This chapter reports on the chemical structure of condensed tannins, their content in plants and food of plant origin, how they are extracted, and methods for their determination. A description of the effects of processing on condensed tannins is discussed and includes soaking, dehulling, thermal processing (i.e., cooking, boiling, autoclaving, extrusion), and germination. The astringency of condensed tannins is described in relation to their interactions with proteins. Finally, details about the biological properties of condensed tannins, including their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ronald B Pegg
- Department of Food Science & Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Getahun M, Nesru Y, Ahmed M, Satapathy S, Shenkute K, Gupta N, Naimuddin M. Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Methanol Extract and Essential Oil from Acanthus polystachyus Delile (Acanthaceae). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43024-43036. [PMID: 38024770 PMCID: PMC10653062 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of microbes in response to conventional antimicrobials leads to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR), and it is a global threat to public health. Natural products are possible solutions to this massive challenge. In this study, the potential of Acanthus polystachyus extracts was investigated for phytochemical composition and biological properties as antimicrobials. Gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS) analysis of methanol extract (ME) and essential oil (EO) detected 79 and 20 compounds, respectively. The major compounds identified in ME and their abundance were β-sitosterol acetate (16.06%), cholest-5-en-3-yl (9Z)-9-octadecenoate (9.54%), 1-dodecanol (7.57%), (S)-(E)-(-)-4-acetoxy-1-phenyl-2-dodecen-1-one (6.03%), neophytadiene (5.7%), (E)-2-nonadecene (3.9%), hexanol-4-D2 (2.92%), and decane (2.4%). Most compounds have known bioactive functions. In EO, the major compounds were stearyl alcohol (25.38%); cis-9-tetradecenoic acid, isobutyl ester (22.95%); butyl 9-tetradecenoate (10.62%); 11,13-dimethyl-12-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (10.14%); ginsenol (3.48%); and diisooctyl phthalate (2.54%). All compounds are known to be bioactive. The antioxidant activity of ME and EO ranged from 48.3 to 84.2% radical scavenging activity (RSA) and 45.6 to 82% RSA, respectively, with dose dependency. The disc diffusion assay for the antimicrobial activity of ME revealed high inhibition against Acenetobacter baumannii (130.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (100.3%), and Staphylococcus aureus (87.7%). The MIC, MBC/MFC, and MBIC values for ME were 0.5-1.0, 2-4, and 0.5-1.0 mg/mL and for EO were 0.31-0.62, 1.25-2.5, and 0.31-0.62 μL/mL, respectively, indicating inhibition potential as well as inhibition of biofilm formation. The tolerance test values indicated bactericidal activity against most strains and bacteriostatic/fungistatic activity against A. baumannii, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. The antiquorum sensing activity of ME achieved by pyocyanin inhibition assay on P. aeruginosa showed a 51.6% inhibition at 500 μg/mL. These results suggest that ME and EO derived from A. polystachyus leaves are potent, valuable, cost-effective antioxidants and antimicrobials. Both extracts may effectively combat pathogenic and resistant microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meron Getahun
- Department
of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Yonatan Nesru
- Department
of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Muktar Ahmed
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Adama Science
and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Sunita Satapathy
- Department
of Zoology, School of Applied Science, Centurion
University of Technology & Management, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Kebede Shenkute
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Naimuddin
- Department
of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
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LA MANTIA I, GELARDI M, ARAGONA SE, CUPIDO G, CIPRANDI G. Rinalt® in the practical management of patients with rhinitis. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2023; 182. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
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Villanueva X, Zhen L, Ares JN, Vackier T, Lange H, Crestini C, Steenackers HP. Effect of chemical modifications of tannins on their antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:987164. [PMID: 36687646 PMCID: PMC9853077 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.987164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tannins have demonstrated antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, but there are still unknown aspects on how the chemical properties of tannins affect their biological properties. We are interested in understanding how to modulate the antibiofilm activity of tannins and in delineating the relationship between chemical determinants and antibiofilm activity. Materials and methods The effect of five different naturally acquired tannins and their chemical derivatives on biofilm formation and planktonic growth of Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined in the Calgary biofilm device. Results Most of the unmodified tannins exhibited specific antibiofilm activity against the assayed bacteria. The chemical modifications were found to alter the antibiofilm activity level and spectrum of the tannins. A positive charge introduced by derivatization with higher amounts of ammonium groups shifted the anti-biofilm spectrum toward Gram-negative bacteria, and derivatization with lower amounts of ammonium groups and acidifying derivatization shifted the spectrum toward Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, the quantity of phenolic OH-groups per molecule was found to have a weak impact on the anti-biofilm activity of the tannins. Conclusion We were able to modulate the antibiofilm activity of several tannins by specific chemical modifications, providing a first approach for fine tuning of their activity and antibacterial spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Villanueva
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lili Zhen
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy,CSGI – Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - José Nunez Ares
- Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Thijs Vackier
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Heiko Lange
- CSGI – Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Crestini
- CSGI – Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Hans P. Steenackers
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium,*Correspondence: Hans P. Steenackers,
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Zhou Y, Wang X, Li Y, Wang W, Gilchrist MD, Zhang N. Toward the Scalable Fabrication of Fully Bio-Based Antimicrobial and UVB-Blocking Transparent Polylactic Acid Films That Incorporate Natural Coatings and Nanopatterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54338-54348. [PMID: 36417300 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial transmissions via membrane surface and single-use plastic-induced pollution are two urgent societal problems. This research introduces a scalable fabrication strategy for fully biobased antibacterial and ultraviolet-B block polylactic acid (PLA) films integrating natural coatings and nanopatterns via ultrasonic atomization spray coating and thermal nanoimprinting lithography (TNIL) techniques, respectively. Tannic acid (TA) and gallic acid (GA) were formulated prior to TNIL using anode aluminum oxide template. Results reveal that TA and GA inks display intense adsorption in the UVB region. Plasma increases the hydrophilicity of PLA films for fast spreading of ink droplets. Micron-sized pillars observed on film confirm the successful structural replication. TA-coated PLA films display higher transparency than GA-coated ones. Nanopatterned PLA films have a modest antibacterial resistance of c. 45% against Escherichia coli. TA/GA coatings, however, impart PLA films with a bacterial reduction rate of over 80%. The integration of a TA or GA coating with nanopatterns further promotes the antibacterial rate up to 98%. The cytocompatibility of TA and GA demonstrates that the engineered film can potentially be applied as food packaging. Finally, a continuous mass production strategy is proposed along with an outline of the associated challenges and costs. This study provides a scalable strategy to the sustainable development of eco-benign and functional films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, China National Textile and Apparel Council Key Laboratory of Natural Dyes, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4D04 KW52, Ireland
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Yening Li
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4D04 KW52, Ireland
| | - Wenxin Wang
- The Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Michael D Gilchrist
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4D04 KW52, Ireland
| | - Nan Zhang
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4D04 KW52, Ireland
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Olchowik-Grabarek E, Sękowski S, Kwiatek A, Płaczkiewicz J, Abdulladjanova N, Shlyonsky V, Swiecicka I, Zamaraeva M. The Structural Changes in the Membranes of Staphylococcus aureus Caused by Hydrolysable Tannins Witness Their Antibacterial Activity. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1124. [PMID: 36363679 PMCID: PMC9698758 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols, including tannins, are phytochemicals with pronounced antimicrobial properties. We studied the activity of two hydrolysable tannins, (i) gallotannin-1,2,3,4,5-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) and (ii) ellagitannin-1,2-di-O-galloyl-4,6-valoneoyl-β-D-glucose (dGVG), applied alone and in combination with antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus strain 8324-4. We also evaluated the effect of these tannins on bacterial membrane integrity and fluidity and studied their interaction with membrane proteins and lipids. A correlation between the antimicrobial activity of the tannins and their membranotropic action depending on the tannin molecular structure has been demonstrated. We found that the antibacterial activity of PGG was stronger than dGVG, which can be associated with its larger flexibility, dipole moment, and hydrophobicity. In addition, we also noted the membrane effects of the tannins observed as an increase in the size of released bacterial membrane vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Szymon Sękowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kwiatek
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jagoda Płaczkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nodira Abdulladjanova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100143, Uzbekistan
| | - Vadim Shlyonsky
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Izabela Swiecicka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria Zamaraeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
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Lukubye B, Ajayi CO, Wangalwa R, Kagoro-Rugunda G. Phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of the leaves and stem bark of Symphonia globulifera L.f. and Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:223. [PMID: 35999537 PMCID: PMC9396842 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Symphonia globulifera and Allophylus abyssinicus are used in the management of skin rashes and sores, cough, malaria, digestive diseases, stomach ache, wounds and helminthic infections among others in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, Cameroon. This study aimed at determining the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of these two plants. Methods The stem bark and leaves of both plants were collected from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and air-dried under shade at room temperature. Cold maceration, decoction and infusion with methanol, water and ethyl acetate as solvents were used in phytochemical extraction. Preliminary qualitative screening and thin layer chromatography were used for phytochemical profiling. Antimicrobial activity was analysed by agar well diffusion assay, broth macro-dilution assay and fractional inhibition concentration index (FICI). Results The leaves and stem bark of both plants have a diverse set of phytochemical compounds of variable polarity including, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, quinones and anthraquinones among others. Generally, methanol and water extracts of S. globulifera and A. abyssinicus had in-vitro bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but weak fungistatic activity against Candida albicans. Allophylus abyssinicus leaf water and S. globulifera leaf methanol extract combination had a synergistic activity (ΣFICI = 0.37) against S. aureus. Similarly, A. abyssinicus stem bark water extract and A. abyssinicus leaf water extract combination had an additive effect (ΣFICI = 1) against P. aeruginosa. Conclusion The leaves and stem bark crude extracts of S. globulifera and A. abyssinicus possess a wide range of bioactive phytochemical compounds but have weak antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans.
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Ghosh A, Bhadury P. Exploring changes in bacterioplankton community structure in response to tannic acid, a major component of mangrove litterfall of Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem: a laboratory mesocosm approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:2107-2121. [PMID: 34363579 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tannic acid is a secondary compound produced by vascular plants and is a major component of mangrove litterfall. Tannic acid is water soluble, leaches out from mangrove litterfall and contributes to DOC and DON pools in adjacent estuaries. About 50% of the litterfall may be degraded and channelized into the marine microbial loop. The influence of tannic acid on bacterioplankton community structure was tested by setting up laboratory-based barrel experiments. Estuarine water from Stn3 of Sundarbans Biological Observatory Time Series (SBOTS) was enriched with tannic acid, and the change in concentration of dissolved nutrients was determined on a daily basis over a span of 15 days. Concentrations of tannic acid, gallic acid and other dissolved nutrients such as nitrate and ortho-phosphate were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Tannic acid significantly affected the concentrations of gallic acid and dissolved nitrate in the barrels. Degradation of tannic acid was tracked by a decrease in concentration of tannic acid and generation of gallic acid. The influence of tannic acid on bacterioplankton community structure was analysed on the start (day 0), intermediate (day 3, day 5, day 7 and day 9) and end (day 15) of the experiment. Bacterioplankton community structure was elucidated by sequencing the V3-V4 region of 16S ribosomal RNA on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Proteobacteria was found to be the most dominant bacterial phylum in control and tannic acid-enriched barrels (barrels 1 and 2) on day 0. With the progression of experiment, the abundance of Proteobacteria altered significantly in the control barrel indicating the possible role of this phylum in the breakdown of tannic acid within estuarine mangroves. The abundance of Proteobacteria in the tannic acid-enriched barrels remained high, indicating that members of Proteobacteria may be capable of using tannic acid as a source of carbon and nitrogen. Tannic acid appeared to inhibit most of the other bacterioplankton phyla including Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia that existed in large abundance in the control barrel on day 15 but were almost absent in the tannic acid-enriched barrels. At class level, Bacteroides was found to be present in highest abundance in the tannic acid-enriched barrels. Tannic acid appeared to strongly influence the abundant bacterioplankton phyla and families as indicated by Pearson's correlation coefficient and non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination plots. Gallic acid is one of the final products of tannic acid degradation. Breakdown of tannic acid could influence the marine nitrogen and carbon cycling by releasing DON and DOC, respectively, into the adjacent estuaries. Information of breakdown and remineralization of components of litterfall such as tannic acid would also be important for calculation of carbon and nitrogen budgets of coastal ecosystems including in mangroves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Ghosh
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India.
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Laskoski LV, Bandeira DM, Batista JM, Costa WFD, Baeza LC, Kuo LH, Pinto FGDS. Phytochemical prospection and evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antibiofilm activities of extracts and essential oil from leaves of Myrsine umbellata Mart. (Primulaceae). BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e263865. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.263865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The species Myrsine umbellata is a native plant of Brazil, whose barks are traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat liver disorders and combat leprosy. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the phytochemical prospection of ethanolic (EE) and acetonic (EA) extracts by colorimetric tests and by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the essential oil (EO) of M. umbellata leaves; evaluate the antimicrobial activity in front of standard ATCC strains by the broth microdilution technique; the antioxidant potential by DPPH reduction method and antibiofilm action by crystal violet assay and cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) based on optical density. Phytochemical prospection of EE and EA detected the presence of free steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids (flavones, flavononoids, flavonols and xanthons) and tannins in both extracts (EE and EA) and saponins only in EE. In EO, the majority compounds identified were elixene, caryophyllene (E), spatulenol, d-Cadinene and aromadendrene. EA showed antimicrobial activity with MIC and MBC/MFC values ranging from 3.12 to 100 mg.mL-1, highlighting its efficiency on the Gram-positive strain S. epidermidis. EE showed antimicrobial potential in the range of 3.12 to 200 mg.mL-1, and the Gram-negative E. coli strain was the most susceptible. However, OE showed bacteriostatic potential against S. Typhimurium, S. Abaetetuba, P. aeruginosa, and S. epidermidis strains. The ability to sequester free radicals was evident in EA extract with antioxidant activity of 89.55% and in EE with 63.05%. The antibiofilm potential was observed in EE extract which eradicated the mature biofilm biomass of all tested bacteria with high activity (50% to 84.28%) and EO also showed antibiofilm effect on mature biofilm of UEL enteroaggregative E. coli, S. aureus and S. Enteritidis strains with biomass reduction percentage of 63.74%, 68.04% and 86.19%, respectively. These results indicate the potential of M. umbellata extracts and as a source of plant bioactivity for the development of new alternative strategies for the control of planktonic or biofilm-resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L. C. Baeza
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brasil
| | - L. H. Kuo
- Università degli studi di Padova, Italia
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13
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Sharma SK, Dhyani R, Ahmad E, Maurya PK, Yadav M, Yadav RC, Yadav VK, Sharma PK, Sharma MP, Ramesh A, Saxena AK. Characterization and low-cost preservation of Chromobacterium violaceum strain TRFM-24 isolated from Tripura state, India. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:146. [PMID: 34596780 PMCID: PMC8486904 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Chromobacterium species, through their bioactive molecules, help in combating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants and humans. The present study was aimed to identify, characterize and preserve in natural gums the violet-pigmented bacterial isolate TRFM-24 recovered from the rhizosphere soil of rice collected from Tripura state. Results Based on morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolate TFRM-24 was identified as Chromobacterium violaceum (NAIMCC-B-02276; MCC 4212). The bacterium is saprophytic, free living and Gram negative. The strain was found positive for production of IAA, cellulase, xylanase and protease, and showed tolerance to salt (2.5%) and drought (-1.2 MPa). However, it showed poor biocontrol activity against soil-borne phytopathogens and nutrient-solubilizing abilitiets. C. violaceum strain TRFM-24 did not survive on tryptic soya agar (TSA) beyond 12 days between 4 and 32 °C temperature hence a method of preservation of this bacterium was attempted using different natural gums namely Acacia nilotica (babul), Anogeissus latifolia (dhavda), Boswellia serrata (salai) and Butea monosperma (palash) under different temperature regime (6–32 °C). The bacterium survived in babul gum (gum acacia), dhavda and salai solution at room temperature beyond a year. Conclusion Based on polyphasic approach, a violet-pigmented isolate TRFM-24 was identified as Chromobacterim violaceum which possessed some attributes of plant and human importance. Further, a simple and low-cost preservation method of strain TRFM-24 at room temperature was developed using natural gums such as babul, dhavda and salai gums which may be the first report to our knowledge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-021-00241-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K Sharma
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India. .,Present Address: ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493 225, India.
| | - Rakhi Dhyani
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Ees Ahmad
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Pankaj K Maurya
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Madhu Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Pawan K Sharma
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Mahaveer P Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 425 001, India
| | - Aketi Ramesh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 425 001, India
| | - Anil K Saxena
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
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14
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Potential Activity of Albino Grifola frondosa Mushroom Extract against Biofilm of Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7070551. [PMID: 34356930 PMCID: PMC8303276 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, to some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of extracts from albino Grifola frondosa (GF), commonly known as maitake, to inhibit the growth of some bacteria and the biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus. We obtained not only a significant reduction of OD score between biofilm and biofilm plus albino G. frondosa extract group, but also a reduction of category of biofilm. In addition, we observed a significant presence of isolates with strong category for the biofilm group and a significant presence of isolates with absent category for the biofilm plus albino G. frondosa extract group. These results confirm that the use of albino G. frondosa extract reduces in significant way the presence of biofilm. Our results suggest and confirm that albino G. frondosa extracts could be employed as functional food and could be used as a natural additive for food process control and food safety.
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15
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Fu J, Zhang Y, Lin S, Zhang W, Shu G, Lin J, Li H, Xu F, Tang H, Peng G, Zhao L, Chen S, Fu H. Strategies for Interfering With Bacterial Early Stage Biofilms. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:675843. [PMID: 34168632 PMCID: PMC8217469 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.675843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-related bacteria show high resistance to antimicrobial treatments, posing a remarkable challenge to human health. Given bacterial dormancy and high expression of efflux pumps, persistent infections caused by mature biofilms are not easy to treat, thereby driving researchers toward the discovery of many anti-biofilm molecules that can intervene in early stage biofilms formation to inhibit further development and maturity. Compared with mature biofilms, early stage biofilms have fragile structures, vigorous metabolisms, and early attached bacteria are higher susceptibility to antimicrobials. Thus, removing biofilms at the early stage has evident advantages. Many reviews on anti-biofilm compounds that prevent biofilms formation have already been done, but most of them are based on compound classifications to introduce anti-biofilm effects. This review discusses the inhibitory effects of anti-biofilm compounds on early stage biofilms formation from the perspective of the mechanisms of action, including hindering reversible adhesion, reducing extracellular polymeric substances production, interfering in the quorum sensing, and modifying cyclic di-GMP. This information can be exploited further to help researchers in designing new molecules with anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haohuan Li
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Funeng Xu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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16
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An Analytical Toolbox for Fast and Straightforward Structural Characterisation of Commercially Available Tannins. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092532. [PMID: 33926135 PMCID: PMC8123674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both condensed and hydrolysable tannins represent versatile natural polyphenolic structures exhibiting a broad range of activities that could be exploited in various fields including nutraceutics, cosmesis, consumer care, household and pharmaceutical applications. Various tannins are commercially available nowadays for use in such application fields. We have analysed a representative selection of commercially available condensed and hydrolysable tannins for structural features and purity. Using a combination of quantitative 31P NMR spectroscopy, HSQC measurements, MALDI-ToF analyses, gel permeation chromatography and wet chemical analysis, detailed structural characterisations and descriptions were possible, allowing for verification and falsification of claimed structural features.
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17
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Cometta S, Bock N, Suresh S, Dargaville TR, Hutmacher DW. Antibacterial Albumin-Tannic Acid Coatings for Scaffold-Guided Breast Reconstruction. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:638577. [PMID: 33869154 PMCID: PMC8044405 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.638577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is the major cause of morbidity after breast implant surgery. Biodegradable medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) scaffolds designed and rooted in evidence-based research offer a promising alternative to overcome the limitations of routinely used silicone implants for breast reconstruction. Nevertheless, as with any implant, biodegradable scaffolds are susceptible to bacterial infection too, especially as bacteria can rapidly colonize the biomaterial surface and form biofilms. Biofilm-related infections are notoriously challenging to treat and can lead to chronic infection and persisting inflammation of surrounding tissue. To date, no clinical solution that allows to efficiently prevent bacterial infection while promoting correct implant integration, has been developed. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time, to our knowledge that the physical immobilization of 1 and 5% human serum albumin (HSA) onto the surface of 3D printed macro- and microporous mPCL scaffolds, resulted in a reduction of Staphylococcus aureus colonization by 71.7 ± 13.6% and 54.3 ± 12.8%, respectively. Notably, when treatment of scaffolds with HSA was followed by tannic acid (TA) crosslinking/stabilization, uniform and stable coatings with improved antibacterial activity were obtained. The HSA/TA-coated scaffolds were shown to be stable when incubated at physiological conditions in cell culture media for 7 days. Moreover, they were capable of inhibiting the growth of S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two most commonly found bacteria in breast implant infections. Most importantly, 1%HSA/10%TA- and 5%HSA/1%TA-coated scaffolds were able to reduce S. aureus colonization on the mPCL surface, by 99.8 ± 0.1% and 98.8 ± 0.6%, respectively, in comparison to the non-coated control specimens. This system offers a new biomaterial strategy to effectively translate the prevention of biofilm-related infections on implant surfaces without relying on the use of prophylactic antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cometta
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sinduja Suresh
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tim R Dargaville
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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18
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Dantas-Medeiros R, Zanatta AC, de Souza LBFC, Fernandes JM, Amorim-Carmo B, Torres-Rêgo M, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF, Vilegas W, Araújo TADS, Michel S, Grougnet R, Chaves GM, Zucolotto SM. Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities of B-Type Oligomeric Procyanidins From Commiphora leptophloeos Used Alone or in Combination With Fluconazole Against Candida spp. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:613155. [PMID: 33692765 PMCID: PMC7937886 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.613155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Commiphora leptophloeos (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native to Brazil which is popularly used for treating oral and vaginal infections. There has been no scientific evidence pointing to its efficacy in the treatment of these infections. Thus, this study sought to investigate the cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibiofilm activity of C. leptophloeos against Candida spp. and to isolate, identify, and quantify the content of B-type oligomeric procyanidins (BDP) in the extract of C. leptophloeos stem bark. The extract and the n-butanol fraction were obtained by maceration and liquid-liquid partition, respectively. Phytochemical analysis performed by HPLC-PDA/ELSD and FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS allowed the identification and quantification of BDP in the samples. The application of centrifugal partition chromatography helped isolate BDP, which was identified by 1H NMR and MS analyses. Candida spp. reference strains and clinical isolates (including fluconazole-resistant strains) derived from the blood cultures of candidemic patients and the vaginal secretion of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis were used for evaluating the antifungal and antibiofilm effects. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by the microdilution technique, and biofilm inhibition was evaluated through crystal violet and XTT assays. The combined action of BDP with fluconazole was determined by the checkerboard method. The extract, the n-butanol fraction, and the BDP exhibited antifungal activity with MIC values ranging from 312.5 to 2500 μg/mL and were found to significantly reduce the biofilm formed in all the Candida strains investigated. BDP showed a fungicidal potential against strains of Candida spp. (especially against fluconazole-resistant strains), with MIC and MFC values ranging from 156.2 to 2500 μg/mL. In addition, the combined application of BDP and fluconazole produced synergistic antifungal effects against resistant Candida spp. (FICI = 0.31-1.5). The cytotoxic properties of the samples evaluated in human erythrocytes through hemolytic test did not show hemolytic activity under active concentrations. The findings of the study show that C. leptophloeos has antifungal and antibiofilm potential but does not cause toxicity in human erythrocytes. Finally, BDP, which was isolated for the first time in C. leptophloeos, was found to exhibit antifungal effect against Candida spp. either when applied alone or in combination with fluconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Zanatta
- Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia Morais Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Bruno Amorim-Carmo
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sylvie Michel
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Grougnet
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Guilherme Maranhão Chaves
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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19
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Marinho TA, Oliveira MG, Menezes-Filho ACP, Castro CFS, Oliveira IMM, Borges LL, Melo-Reis PR, Silva-Jr NJ. Phytochemical characterization, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the hydroethanolic extract of Anadenanthera peregrina stem bark. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e234476. [PMID: 33681898 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.234476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian Cerrado biome consists of a great variety of endemic species with several bioactive compounds, and Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg is a promising species. In this study, we aimed to perform phytochemical characterization and evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of the hydroethanolic extract of A. peregrina stem bark. The barks were collected in the Botanical Garden of Goiânia, Brazil. The hydroethanolic extract was obtained by percolation and subjected to physicochemical screening, total phenolic content estimation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting, and antioxidant (IC50 values were calculated for the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay - DPPH) and antibacterial activity determination. The pH of the extract was 5.21 and density was 0.956 g/cm3. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of cardiac glycosides, organic acids, reducing sugars, hemolytic saponins, phenols, coumarins, condensed tannins, flavonoids, catechins, depsides, and depsidones derived from benzoquinones. The extract showed intense hemolytic activity. The total phenolic content was 6.40 g GAE 100 g-1. The HPLC fingerprinting analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin. We confirmed the antioxidant activity of the extract. Furthermore, the extract did not inhibit the growth of E. coli colonies at any volume tested, but there were halos around S. aureus colonies at all three volumes tested. These results contribute to a better understanding of the chemical composition of A. peregrina stem bark and further support the medicinal applications of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Marinho
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotenologia e Biodiversidade - PGBB, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás - IFG, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Promoção da Saúde - NUPPS, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M G Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêticas, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A C P Menezes-Filho
- Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - IFGoiano, Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroquímica - PPGAq, Rio Verde, GO, Brasil
| | - C F S Castro
- Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - IFGoiano, Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroquímica - PPGAq, Rio Verde, GO, Brasil
| | - I M M Oliveira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás - PUCGO, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - L L Borges
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás - UEG, Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais do Cerrado - RENAC, Anápolis, GO, Brasil
| | - P R Melo-Reis
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás - PUCGO, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientas e Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - N J Silva-Jr
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás - PUCGO, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientas e Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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20
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Nardi P, Laanbroek HJ, Nicol GW, Renella G, Cardinale M, Pietramellara G, Weckwerth W, Trinchera A, Ghatak A, Nannipieri P. Biological nitrification inhibition in the rhizosphere: determining interactions and impact on microbially mediated processes and potential applications. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 44:874-908. [PMID: 32785584 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrification is the microbial conversion of reduced forms of nitrogen (N) to nitrate (NO3-), and in fertilized soils it can lead to substantial N losses via NO3- leaching or nitrous oxide (N2O) production. To limit such problems, synthetic nitrification inhibitors have been applied but their performance differs between soils. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the occurrence of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI), a natural phenomenon according to which certain plants can inhibit nitrification through the release of active compounds in root exudates. Here, we synthesize the current state of research but also unravel knowledge gaps in the field. The nitrification process is discussed considering recent discoveries in genomics, biochemistry and ecology of nitrifiers. Secondly, we focus on the 'where' and 'how' of BNI. The N transformations and their interconnections as they occur in, and are affected by, the rhizosphere, are also discussed. The NH4+ and NO3- retention pathways alternative to BNI are reviewed as well. We also provide hypotheses on how plant compounds with putative BNI ability can reach their targets inside the cell and inhibit ammonia oxidation. Finally, we discuss a set of techniques that can be successfully applied to solve unresearched questions in BNI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Nardi
- Consiglio per la ricerca e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via della Navicella 2-4, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Hendrikus J Laanbroek
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Graeme W Nicol
- Laboratoire Ampère, École Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, 69134, France
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cardinale
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne - via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietramellara
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, P.le delle Cascine 28, Firenze 50144, Italy
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria; Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Alessandra Trinchera
- Consiglio per la ricerca e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via della Navicella 2-4, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Paolo Nannipieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, P.le delle Cascine 28, Firenze 50144, Italy
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Hidayah AN, Wasito EB, Debora K, Basori A, Isnaeni I, Utomo B. Correlation between the Bacteriostatic and Bactericide Effect with Antibiofilm and Anticolony Spreading from Javanese Citronella Oil on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). FOLIA MEDICA INDONESIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v55i1.24277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogenic bacterium that has been resistant to various types of antibiotics, so it is not easy to be treated with antibiotics and needs other solutions. Javanese citronella oil distilled from the Cymbopogon nardus plant is proven to function as an antibacterial agent (bacteriostatic and bactericidal), fungicide and repellent. This study aimed to prove that there is a positive correlation between bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects with antibiofilm and anticolony spreading from Javanese citronella oil on MRSA. The intended antibiofilm is a barrier to biofilm formation and eradication. Bacteriostatic and antibiofilm effects were tested using microtiter plates assay, bactericidal effect test with subculture into the media and anticolony spreading effect test with spot inoculation in Tryptic Soy Broth media supplemented with 0.24% agar. The bacteriostatic effect test data were analyzed using paired t-test, bactericidal effect using the Friedman test, antibiofilm effect test using Kruskall-Wallis and the results of all the tests correlated using Pearson and Spearman correlation. The statistical significance used was p<0.05. The results showed that Javanese citronella oil had a bacteriostatic concentration of 0.02% (v/v) and bactericidal concentration of 0.78% (v/v). The Pearson correlation test showed that there was a negative correlation between bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on biofilm formation with r = -0.956 (p = 0.000), but the correlation was positive for biofilm eradication with r = 0.918 (p = 0.000) and anticolony spreading with r = 1.000 (p = 0.000).
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Dantas-Medeiros R, Furtado AA, Zanatta AC, Torres-Rêgo M, Guimarães Lourenço EM, Ferreira Alves JS, Galinari É, Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha H, Bernardo Guerra GC, Vilegas W, Antônio de Sousa Araújo T, de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa M, Zucolotto SM. Mass spectrometry characterization of Commiphora leptophloeos leaf extract and preclinical evaluation of toxicity and anti-inflammatory potential effect. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113229. [PMID: 32810623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillett (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native from the brazilian northeast caatinga biome, known popularly as "imburana" or "imburana-de-cambão". The leaves of C. leptophloeos are widely used in folk medicine in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. However, there is no scientific evidence to justify their popular use. AIM OF THE STUDY This approach aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile of hydroethanolic leaf extract, as well as evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential activity and to investigate the acute toxicity with pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo methodologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phytochemical profile was characterized by UPLC-MS and FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS. The in vitro anti-inflammatory potential the hydroethanolic extract of C. leptophloeos (1, 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL) was investigated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide assay, in order to analyze the potential decrease of nitric oxide (NO) production. For carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-induced air pouch models, the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administrated by intragastric gavage (i.g.) route and used for evaluating the anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. Related to the first animal model, the antiedematogenic activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels could be investigated. In addition, the zymosan-induced air pouch model allowed the analyses of leukocytes migration, total MPO, malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10) levels. The toxicity in vitro of the extract (1, 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL) was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and acute toxicity in vivo was tested using the extract at 2000 mg/kg by i. g. route. RESULTS The phytochemical analyses of C. leptophloeos leaf extract pointed the presence of six glycosylated flavonoids, identified as orientin, isoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin, quercetrin and isoquercitrin. A decrease of NO in vitro was noticed by the use of the extract in the LPS-induced nitric oxide assay and an expressive reduction of the paw-edema followed by a decrease of myeloperoxidase activity at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. The zymosan-induced air pouch model indicated that the extract, in all doses, significantly reduced the leukocytes migration, total protein concentration, MPO and MDA levels. The levels of cytokines were verified by the administration of extract in this model, revealing a lower of TNF-α level and an increase of the IL-10 production. In the toxicity study, the MTT assay evidenced no cytotoxicity of the tested concentrations and acute toxicity in vivo test did not result in any sign of toxicity and mortality or significant changes on the biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION Based on these results, is possible suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity revealed in this approach can be related to the modulating the level of cytokine, decrease of TNF-α, increase of IL-10 in vivo and also the inhibition of the production of nitric oxide RAW 264.7 activated by LPS. These results demonstrate the potential anti-inflammatory effect C. leptophloeos leaf extrat in inflammatory in vivo models, supporting its use in folk medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Finally, glycosylated flavonoids can be responsible, at least in part, for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Allanny Alves Furtado
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Ana C Zanatta
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, 14800-060, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, 11330-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Estela Mariana Guimarães Lourenço
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil
| | - Éder Galinari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Natural Polymers Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue Salgado Filho, 59078-970, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue Salgado Filho, Natal, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, 11330-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
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Delisle-Houde M, Blais M, Tweddell RJ, Rioux D. Antibacterial activity of geraniin from sugar maple leaves: an ultrastructural study with the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians. JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2021; 103:461-471. [PMID: 33551638 PMCID: PMC7856855 DOI: 10.1007/s42161-021-00743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Effect of geraniin extracted from sugar maple (Acer saccharum) leaves on the viability of the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians was evaluated with the SYTOX Green nucleic acid stain, penetrating only compromised membranes, and plate counts. In parallel, structural changes of treated bacteria were examined in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on SYTOX Green and plate counts, geraniin at the minimum bactericidal concentration (3.125 mg/ml) increased mortality after 45 min by 37% and 62%, respectively, when compared with controls. According to observations in TEM, geraniin caused morphological alterations of these rod-shaped bacteria, including degradation of their envelopes, as also suggested by the incorporation of SYTOX. These alterations were often accompanied by cytoplasm leakage and the formation of more pronounced whitish areas in the cytoplasm similar to vacuolization. Moreover, multi-membranous and/or -wall systems were at times formed in the treated bacteria. The presence of some extracellular electron-dense material was frequently noted around the treated bacteria. The matrix surrounding control bacteria tended to disappear after geraniin treatment. This study highlights for the first time the effect of geraniin on bacterial ultrastructure, thus contributing to a better understanding of the mechanism by which this molecule exerts antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martine Blais
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, QC G1V 4C7 Québec, Canada
| | | | - Danny Rioux
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, QC G1V 4C7 Québec, Canada
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Reis SVD, Ribeiro NS, Rocha DA, Fortes IS, Trentin DDS, Andrade SFD, Macedo AJ. N 4 -benzyl-N 2 -phenylquinazoline-2,4-diamine compound presents antibacterial and antibiofilm effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1372-1379. [PMID: 32542979 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the main agents involved with implant-related infections. Their ability to adhere to medical devices with subsequent biofilm formation is crucial to the development of these infections. Herein, we described the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of a quinazoline-based compound, N4 -benzyl-N2 -phenylquinazoline-2,4-diamine, against both biofilm-forming pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined as 25 µM for S. aureus and 15 µM for S. epidermidis. At sub-MIC concentrations (20 µM for S. aureus and 10 µM for S. epidermidis), the compound was able to inhibit biofilm formation without interfere with bacterial growth, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, surfaces coated with the quinazoline-based compound were able to prevent bacterial adherence. In addition, this compound presented no toxicity to human red blood cells at highest MIC 25 µM and in vivo toxicity assay using Galleria mellonella larvae resulted in 82% survival with a high dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. These features evidence quinazoline-based compound as interesting entities to promising applications in biomedical fields, such as antimicrobial and in anti-infective approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Vieira Dos Reis
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicole Sartori Ribeiro
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danielle da Silva Trentin
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Nair A, Balasaravanan T, Jadhav S, Mohan V, Kumar C. Harnessing the antibacterial activity of Quercus infectoria and Phyllanthus emblica against antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Enteritidis of poultry origin. Vet World 2020; 13:1388-1396. [PMID: 32848315 PMCID: PMC7429395 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1388-1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: In a scenario of the ineffectiveness of the current drugs against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the herbal extracts can serve as an alternative remedy. This study appraises the antibacterial potency of Quercus infectoria (gall), Phyllanthus emblica (fruit) individually and synergistically against antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Enteritidis in a time and dose-dependent manner. Further, the antibacterial phytocompounds were identified employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Materials and Methods: Preliminary antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was assessed using the agar disk diffusion method. In vitro evaluations of Q. infectoria methanolic extract (QIME) and P. emblica methanolic extract (PEME) against S. Typhi and S. Enteritidis were carried out using plate count method. Results: QIME and PEME at a dose rate of 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml, respectively, had a complete bactericidal effect on AMR S. Typhi and S. Enteritidis whereas 10 log10 CFU/ml of exponential growth was seen in untreated control groups. At the lower concentrations, QIME and PEME had a significant bacteriostatic effect (3-6 log10 reduction of the test isolates). The synergistic antibacterial effect obtained from the combination of these two plant extracts at 12.5 mg/ml was superior (p<0.001) than the individual treatments. Phytochemical profiling indicated the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids in both the plant extracts. GC-MS analysis of QIME and PEME revealed the presence of 16 and 15 antibacterial phytocompounds, respectively. Further 1, 2, 3 Benzenetriol was found as the prominent active principle. Conclusion: The findings validate that QIME and PEME are potential antibacterial agents against AMR S. Typhi, S. Enteritidis and can play a promising role in antimicrobial packaging, poultry feed additives and can also serve as a platform for formulating effective phytotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Nair
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Balasaravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunil Jadhav
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vysakh Mohan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chethan Kumar
- Department of Animal Science, Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Goa, India
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Inhibition of interaction between Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin and erythrocytes membrane by hydrolysable tannins: structure-related activity study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11168. [PMID: 32636484 PMCID: PMC7341856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was a comparative analysis of the antihemolytic activity against two Staphylococcus aureus strains (8325-4 and NCTC 5655) as well as α-hemolysin and of the membrane modifying action of four hydrolysable tannins with different molecular mass and flexibility: 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (T1), 1,2,3,4,5-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (T2), 3-O-galloyl-1,2-valoneoyl-β-d-glucose (T3) and 1,2-di-O-galloyl-4,6-valoneoyl-β-d-glucose (T4). We showed that all the compounds studied manifested antihemolytic effects in the range of 5–50 µM concentrations. However, the degree of the reduction of hemolysis by the investigated tannins was not uniform. A valoneoyl group—containing compounds (T3 and T4) were less active. Inhibition of the hemolysis induced by α-hemolysin was also noticed on preincubated with the tannins and subsequently washed erythrocytes. In this case the efficiency again depended on the tannin structure and could be represented by the following order: T1 > T2 > T4 > T3. We also found a relationship between the degree of antihemolytic activity of the tannins studied and their capacity to increase the ordering parameter of the erythrocyte membrane outer layer and to change zeta potential. Overall, our study showed a potential of the T1 and T2 tannins as anti-virulence agents. The results of this study using tannins with different combinations of molecular mass and flexibility shed additional light on the role of tannin structure in activity manifestation.
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Polyketides from marine-derived Aspergillus welwitschiae inhibit Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors and potentiate vancomycin antibacterial activity in vivo. Microb Pathog 2020; 143:104066. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bumunang EW, Ateba CN, Stanford K, Niu YD, Wang Y, McAllister TA. Activity of Bacteriophage and Complex Tannins against Biofilm-Forming Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Canada and South Africa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E257. [PMID: 32429187 PMCID: PMC7277190 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages, natural killers of bacteria, and plant secondary metabolites, such as condensed tannins, are potential agents for the control of foodborne pathogens. The first objective of this study evaluated the efficacy of a bacteriophage SA21RB in reducing pre-formed biofilms on stainless-steel produced by two Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains, one from South Africa and the other from Canada. The second objective examined the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity of condensed tannin (CT) from purple prairie clover and phlorotannins (PT) from brown seaweed against these strains. For 24-h-old biofilms, (O113:H21; 6.2 log10 colony-forming units per square centimeter (CFU/cm2) and O154:H10; 5.4 log10 CFU/cm2), 3 h of exposure to phage (1013 plaque-forming units per milliliter (PFU/mL)) reduced (p ≤ 0.05) the number of viable cells attached to stainless-steel coupons by 2.5 and 2.1 log10 CFU/cm2 for O113:H21 and O154:H10, respectively. However, as biofilms matured, the ability of phage to control biofilm formation declined. In biofilms formed for 72 h (O113:H21; 5.4 log10 CFU/cm2 and O154:H10; 7 log10 CFU/cm2), reductions after the same duration of phage treatment were only 0.9 and 1.3 log10 CFU/cm2 for O113:H21 and O154:H10, respectively. Initial screening of CT and PT for anti-bacterial activity by a microplate assay indicated that both STEC strains were less sensitive (p ≤ 0.05) to CT than PT over a concentration range of 25-400 µg/mL. Based on the lower activity of CT (25-400 µg/mL), they were not further examined. Accordingly, PT (50 µg/mL) inhibited (p ≤ 0.05) biofilm formation for up to 24 h of incubation at 22 °C, but this inhibition progressively declined over 72 h for both O154:H10 and O113:H21. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that both SA21RB and PT eliminated 24 h biofilms, but that both strains were able to adhere and form biofilms on stainless-steel coupons at longer incubation times. These findings revealed that phage SA21RB is more effective at disrupting 24 than 72 h biofilms and that PT were able to inhibit biofilm formation of both E. coli O154:H10 and O113:H21 for up to 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel W. Bumunang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (E.W.B.); (C.N.A.)
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada;
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4V6, Canada;
| | - Collins N. Ateba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (E.W.B.); (C.N.A.)
| | - Kim Stanford
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4V6, Canada;
| | - Yan D. Niu
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Y. Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada;
| | - Tim A. McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada;
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Molino S, Casanova NA, Rufián Henares JÁ, Fernandez Miyakawa ME. Natural Tannin Wood Extracts as a Potential Food Ingredient in the Food Industry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2836-2848. [PMID: 31117489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wood extracts are one of the most important natural sources of industrially obtained tannins. Their use in the food industry could be one of the biggest (most important) recent innovations in food science as a result of their multiple (many) possible applications. The use of tannin wood extracts (TWEs) as additives directly added in foods or in their packaging meets an ever-increasing consumer demand for innovative approaches to sustainability. The latest research is focusing on new ways to include them directly in food, to take advantage of their specific actions to prevent individual pathological conditions. The present review begins with the biology of TWEs and then explores their chemistry, specific sensorial properties, and current application in food production. Moreover, this review is intended to cover recent studies dealing with the potential use of TWEs as a starting point for novel food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Molino
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Andrea Casanova
- Instituto de Patobiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires C1033AAE, Argentina
| | - José Ángel Rufián Henares
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mariano Enrique Fernandez Miyakawa
- Instituto de Patobiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires C1033AAE, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
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Viju N, Punitha SMJ, Satheesh S. Antibiofilm activity of symbiotic Bacillus species associated with marine gastropods. ANN MICROBIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-020-01554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Generally, symbiotic marine bacteria are renowned for the synthesis of compounds with bioactive properties, and this has been documented in many previous studies. Therefore, the present study was aimed to isolate novel bacterial symbionts of gastropods that have the ability to synthesize bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds could be used effectively as antibiofilm agents in order to overcome the problems associated with biofilm.
Methods
The bacteria associated with the surface of marine gastropods were isolated and characterized. Following this, the bacterial metabolites were extracted and their antibiofilm effect was evaluated on biofilm-forming bacteria on artificial substrates. Moreover, the biofilm-forming bacterium Alteromonas sp. was treated with the extracts of symbiotic bacteria in order to evaluate the influence of extracts over the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Besides, the biologically active chemical constituents of the extracts were separated using thin-layer chromatography and subjected to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for characterization.
Results
Three bacterial strains belonging to the species Bacillus firmus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis were identified from the bacterial community associated with the gastropods. The antibiofilm assays revealed that the extract of three symbiotic bacteria significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the biofilm formation by the marine bacterium Alteromonas sp. on artificial materials. Also, the EPS synthesis by Alteromonas sp. was significantly inhibited due to symbiotic bacterial extract treatment. The chemical composition of the bioactive fraction isolated from the symbiotic bacteria extract revealed that most of the detected compounds were belonging to aromatic acid, fatty acid and carboxylic acid.
Conclusion
The results of this study clearly revealed that the bacteria belonging to the above listed Bacillus species can be considered as a promising source of natural antibiofilm agents.
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Screening of natural compounds that targets glutamate racemase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals the anti-tubercular potential of flavonoids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:949. [PMID: 31969615 PMCID: PMC6976638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), a highly infectious disease accounting for nearly 1.5 million deaths every year and has been a major global concern. Moreover, resistance to anti-TB drugs is an arduous obstacle to effective prevention, TB care and management. Therefore, incessant attempts are being made to identify novel drug targets and newer anti-tubercular drugs to fight with this deadly pathogen. Increasing resistance, adverse effects and costly treatment by conventional therapeutic agents have been inclining the researchers to search for an alternative source of medicine. In this regard natural compounds have been exploited extensively for their therapeutic interventions targeting cellular machinery of MTB. Glutamate racemase (MurI) is an enzyme involved in peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis and has become an attractive target due to its moonlighting property. We screened various classes of natural compounds using computational approach for their binding to MTB-MurI. Shortlisted best docked compounds were evaluated for their functional, structural and anti-mycobacterial activity. The results showed that two flavonoids (naringenin and quercetin) exhibited best binding affinity with MTB-MurI and inhibited the racemization activity with induced structural perturbation. In addition, fluorescence and electron microscopy were employed to confirm the membrane and cell wall damages in mycobacterial cells on exposure to flavonoids. Together, these observations could provide impetus for further research in better understanding of anti-tubercular mechanisms of flavonoids and establishing them as lead molecules for TB treatment.
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Raju P, Arivalagan P, Natarajan S. One-pot fabrication of multifunctional catechin@ZIF-L nanocomposite: Assessment of antibiofilm, larvicidal and photocatalytic activities. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 203:111774. [PMID: 31931386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF) is an emerging class of metal organic frameworks exhibiting unique features such as crystalline nature with tunable pore size, large surface area and biocompatible nature. Exceptional thermal and chemical stabilities of ZIF-L make it a suitable candidate for biomedical applications. The present study has focused on the single step fabrication of catechin encapsulated ZIF-L and evaluation of its antibiofilm efficiency, larvicidal activity and dye degradation ability. The as- prepared CA@ZIF-L nanocomposite was characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The results revealed that the CA@ZIF-L showed significant toxicity against mosquito larvae in a dose dependent manner with the IC50 63.43±1.25 μg/mL. CA@ZIF-L showed dose dependent reduction of biofilm formation in both ATCC and clinical MRSA strains. In addition, CA@ZIF-L exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity with around 92% degradation of methylene blue under direct sunlight. Overall, the present work highlights the possibility of employing the multifunctional CA@ZIF-L nanocomposite as a suitable material for biomedical and photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Raju
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pugazhendhi Arivalagan
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Suganthy Natarajan
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bonifácio BV, Vila TVM, Masiero IF, da Silva PB, da Silva IC, de Oliveira Lopes É, Dos Santos Ramos MA, de Souza LP, Vilegas W, Pavan FR, Chorilli M, Lopez-Ribot JL, Bauab TM. Antifungal Activity of a Hydroethanolic Extract From Astronium urundeuva Leaves Against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2642. [PMID: 31803166 PMCID: PMC6873212 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported on the activity of different extracts from Astronium sp. against Candida albicans, with the hydroethanolic extract prepared from leaves of A. urundeuva, an arboreal species widely distributed in arid environments of South America and often used in folk medicine, displaying the highest in vitro activity. Here we have further evaluated the antifungal activity of this extract against strains of C. albicans and C. glabrata, the two most common etiological agents of candidiasis. The extract was tested alone and loaded into a nanostructured lipid system (10% oil phase, 10% surfactant and 80% aqueous phase, 0.5% Poloxamer 407®). In vitro susceptibility assays demonstrated the antifungal activity of the free extract and the microemulsion against both Candida species, with increased activity against C. glabrata, including collection strains and clinical isolates displaying different levels of resistance against the most common clinically used antifungal drugs. Checkerboard results showed synergism when the free extract was combined with amphotericin B against C. albicans. Serial passage experiments confirmed development of resistance to fluconazole but not to the free extract upon prolonged exposure. Although preformed biofilms were intrinsically resistant to treatment with the extract, it was able to inhibit biofilm formation by C. albicans at concentrations comparable to those inhibiting planktonic growth. Cytotoxicity assays in different cell lines as well as an alternative model using Artemia salina L. confirmed a good safety profile of the both free and loaded extracts, and an in vivo assay demonstrated the efficacy of the free and loaded extracts when used topically in a rat model of vaginal candidiasis. Overall, these results reveal the promise of the A. urundeuva leaves extract to be further investigated and developed as an antifungal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Vidal Bonifácio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Taissa Vieira Machado Vila
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, TX, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - José Luis Lopez-Ribot
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Zhang H, Jiang JM, Han L, Lao YZ, Zheng D, Chen YY, Wan SJ, Zheng CW, Tan HS, Li ZG, Xu HX. Uncariitannin, a polyphenolic polymer from Uncaria gambier, attenuates Staphylococcus aureus virulence through an MgrA-mediated regulation of α-hemolysin. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104328. [PMID: 31288080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A global transcriptional regulator, MgrA, was previously identified as a key determinant of virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. An 80% EtOH extract of Uncaria gambier was found to attenuate the virulence of S. aureus via its effects on MgrA. Using bioassay-guided fractionation, a polyphenolic polymer, uncariitannin, was found to be the main bioactive constituent of the extract, and its structure was characterized using spectral and chemical analysis. The molecular weight and polydispersity of uncariitannin were determined by gel permeation chromatography-refractive index-light scattering analysis. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that uncariitannin could effectively inhibit the interaction of MgrA with DNA in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with uncariitannin could decrease the mRNA and protein levels of Hla in both the S. aureus Newman and USA300 LAC strains. Further analysis of Hla expression levels in the Newman ΔmgrA and Newman ΔmgrA/pYJ335-mgrA strains indicated that uncariitannin altered Hla expression primarily in an MgrA-dependent manner. A mouse model of infection indicated that uncariitannin could attenuate MRSA virulence. In conclusion, uncariitannin may be a potential candidate for further development as an antivirulence agent for the treatment of S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jia-Ming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Li Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yu-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Shi-Jie Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Chang-Wu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Hong-Sheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Zi-Gang Li
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China.
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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Matos AA, Oliveira FA, Machado AC, Saldanha LL, Tokuhara CK, Souza LP, Vilegas W, Dionísio TJ, Santos C, Peres-Buzalaf C, Dokkedal AL, Oliveira R. An extract from Myracrodruon urundeuva inhibits matrix mineralization in human osteoblasts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:192-201. [PMID: 30905790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phytotherapy based on plant-derived compounds is an alternative medicinal strategy for the relief of symptoms and the curing of diseases. The leaves of Myracrodruon urundeuva a medicinal plant also known as "aroeira", has been used in traditional medicine as healing, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory to treat skeletal diseases in Brazil, but its role in bone cell toxicity, as well as in bone formation, remains to be established. AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to determine the in vitro osteogenic effects of a hydroalcoholic M. urundeuva leaves extract in primary human osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization were evaluated by MTT assay, DCFH-DA probe, colorimetric-based enzymatic assay and Alizarin Red-staining, respectively. Besides, the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression were determined by real-time RT-qPCR and MMP-2 activity by zymography. RESULTS Exposure of osteoblasts to M. urundeuva extract significantly decreased viability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regardless of the extract concentration. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, while upregulating progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression. By contrast, the MMP-2 activity was unchanged. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization promoted by M. urundeuva may be due more to an increase in oxidative stress than to the modulation of MMP-2 and ANKH expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arruda Matos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Amadeu Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Cury Machado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Perez Souza
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Peres-Buzalaf
- Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, UNESP, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Silva IFD, Guimarães AL, Amorim VS, Silva TMGD, Peixoto RDM, Nunes XP, Silva TMS, Costa MMD. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM Commiphora leptophloeos (MART.) J. B. GILLETT AGAINST Staphylococcus SPP. ISOLATED FROM CASES OF MASTITIS IN RUMINANTS. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v20e-57228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Considering the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic therapy, the research aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Commiphora leptophloeos against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from the milk of ruminants with subclinical mastitis. For this, the crude ethanolic extract from the bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos was prepared, with these being chemically characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS and by MALDI-TOF. The extracts were then evaluated as to their antimicrobial effects against 60 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. through the broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration. In addition, the extracts were evaluated as to their ability to interfere with biofilm formation and with the already established biofilm. Although all tested extracts showed antimicrobial action, lower MBC values were recorded for the bark extract in the concentration 781.2 µg/mL (25/60). The extracts of the bark and leaves were able to interfere with the initial stages of biofilm formation, but there was no interference of the extract on the established biofilm. There was a high sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in ruminants when subjected to the extracts from bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos, as well as regarding the ability of extracts to interfere in biofilm formation, indicating their potential in the use for ruminant mastitis therapy.
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Caputo L, Quintieri L, Cavalluzzi MM, Lentini G, Habtemariam S. Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Citrus Water-Extracts Obtained by Microwave-Assisted and Conventional Methods. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020070. [PMID: 29914193 PMCID: PMC6026940 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus pomace is a huge agro-food industrial waste mostly composed of peels and traditionally used as compost or animal feed. Owing to its high content of compounds beneficial to humans (e.g., flavonoids, phenol-like acids, and terpenoids), citrus waste is increasingly used to produce valuable supplements, fragrance, or antimicrobials. However, such processes require sustainable and efficient extraction strategies by solvent-free techniques for environmentally-friendly good practices. In this work, we evaluated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of water extracts of three citrus peels (orange, lemon, and citron) against ten different sanitary relevant bacteria. Both conventional extraction methods using hot water (HWE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were used. Even though no extract fully inhibited the growth of the target bacteria, these latter (mostly pseudomonads) showed a significant reduction in biofilm biomass. The most active extracts were obtained from orange and lemon peel by using MAE at 100 °C for 8 min. These results showed that citrus peel water infusions by MAE may reduce biofilm formation possibly enhancing the susceptibility of sanitary-related bacteria to disinfection procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Caputo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA) National Council of Research, Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Laura Quintieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA) National Council of Research, Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Studies of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Studies of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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Orlowski P, Zmigrodzka M, Tomaszewska E, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Czupryn M, Antos-Bielska M, Szemraj J, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Krzyzowska M. Tannic acid-modified silver nanoparticles for wound healing: the importance of size. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:991-1007. [PMID: 29497293 PMCID: PMC5818815 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s154797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to promote wound healing and to exhibit antimicrobial properties against a broad range of bacteria. In our previous study, we prepared tannic acid (TA)-modified AgNPs showing a good toxicological profile and immunomodulatory properties useful for potential dermal applications. Methods In this study, in vitro scratch assay, antimicrobial tests, modified lymph node assay as well as a mouse splint wound model were used to access the wound healing potential of TA-modified and unmodified AgNPs. Results TA-modified but not unmodified AgNPs exhibited effective antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and stimulated migration of keratinocytes in vitro. The tests using the mouse splint wound model showed that TA-modified 33 and 46 nm AgNPs promoted better wound closure, epithelialization, angiogenesis and formation of the granulation tissue. Additionally, AgNPs elicited expression of VEGF-α, PDGF-β and TGF-β1 cytokines involved in wound healing more efficiently in comparison to control and TA-treated wounds. However, both the lymph node assay and the wound model showed that TA-modified AgNPs sized 13 nm can elicit strong inflammatory response not only during wound healing but also when applied to the damaged skin. Conclusion TA-modified AgNPs sized >26 nm promote wound healing better than TA-modified or unmodified AgNPs. These findings suggest that TA-modified AgNPs sized >26 nm may have a promising application in wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Orlowski
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zmigrodzka
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Monika Czupryn
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Water-soluble gold(III) complexes with N-donor ligands as potential immunomodulatory and antibiofilm agents. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bark anatomy, chemical composition and ethanol-water extract composition of Anadenanthera peregrina and Anadenanthera colubrina. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189263. [PMID: 29281656 PMCID: PMC5744935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan were characterized in relation to anatomical and chemical features. The barks were similar and included a thin conducting phloem, a largely dilated and sclerified non-conducting phloem, and a rhyridome with periderms with thin phellem interspersed by cortical tissues. Only small differences between species were observed that cannot be used alone for taxonomic purposes. The summative chemical composition of A. peregrina and A. colubrina was respectively: 8.2% and 7.7% ash; 28.8% and 29.3% extractives; 2.4% and 2.6% suberin; and 18.9% lignin. The monosaccharide composition showed the predominance of glucose (on average 82% of total neutral sugars) and of xylose (9%). The ethanol-water extracts of A. peregrina and A. colubrina barks included a high content of phenolics, respectively: total phenolics 583 and 682 mg GAE/g extract; 148 and 445 mg CE/g extract; tannins 587 and 98 mg CE/g extract. The antioxidant activity was 238 and 269 mg Trolox/g extract. The barks of the Anadenanthera species are a potential source of polar extractives that will represent an important valorization and therefore contribute to improve the overall economic potential and sustainability of A. peregrina and A. colubrina.
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Efficacy of Decontaminating Agents for Raw Vegetable Consumption and Sensory Screening. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.3.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Moura M, Trentin D, Napoleão T, Primon-Barros M, Xavier A, Carneiro N, Paiva P, Macedo A, Coelho L. Multi-effect of the water-solubleMoringa oleiferalectin againstSerratia marcescensandBacillussp.: antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-adhesive properties. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:861-874. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.C. Moura
- Departamento de Bioquímica; CCB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Pernambuco Brazil
| | - D.S. Trentin
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - T.H. Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica; CCB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Pernambuco Brazil
| | - M. Primon-Barros
- Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - A.S. Xavier
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária; Sete Lagoas Brazil
| | - N.P. Carneiro
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária; Sete Lagoas Brazil
| | - P.M.G. Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica; CCB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Pernambuco Brazil
| | - A.J. Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - L.C.B.B. Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica; CCB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Pernambuco Brazil
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Silva LN, Da Hora GCA, Soares TA, Bojer MS, Ingmer H, Macedo AJ, Trentin DS. Myricetin protects Galleria mellonella against Staphylococcus aureus infection and inhibits multiple virulence factors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2823. [PMID: 28588273 PMCID: PMC5460262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen related to a variety of life-threatening infections but for which antimicrobial resistance is liming the treatment options. We report here that myricetin, but not its glycosylated form, can remarkably decrease the production of several S. aureus virulence factors, including adhesion, biofilm formation, hemolysis and staphyloxanthin production, without interfering with growth. Myricetin affects both surface proteins and secreted proteins which indicate that its action is unrelated to inhibition of the agr quorum sensing system. Analysis of virulence related gene expression and computational simulations of pivotal proteins involved in pathogenesis demonstrate that myricetin downregulates the saeR global regulator and interacts with sortase A and α-hemolysin. Furthermore, Myr confers a significant degree of protection against staphylococcal infection in the Galleria mellonella model. The present findings reveal the potential of Myr as an alternative multi-target antivirulence candidate to control S. aureus pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 91501-970, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - G C A Da Hora
- Departmento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - T A Soares
- Departmento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50670-901, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M S Bojer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - H Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - A J Macedo
- Centro de Biotecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - D S Trentin
- Centro de Biotecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 91501-970, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre-RS, 90050-170, Brazil
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de Souza Pereira JJ, Pereira ADPC, Jandú JJB, da Paz JA, Crovella S, dos Santos Correia MT, de Azevêdo Silva J. Commiphora leptophloeos Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Characterization. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:52. [PMID: 28174564 PMCID: PMC5258698 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Commiphora leptophloeos is a plant specie usually known for its medicinal purposes in local communities in Northeast Brazil. In order to evaluate its therapeutic potential, we aimed to determine the phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of C. leptophloeos extracts. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was able to detect the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and reducing sugars. Three phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC and described as Gallic, Chlorogenic and Protocatechuic acids. On the other hand, H1NMR analysis revealed the presence of hinokinin, a bioactive lignan further characterized in the present work. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for hinokinin ranged from 0.0485 to 3.125 mg/mL in different S. aureus clinical isolates and showed a bactericidal activity against MRSA isolated from blood (MMC 0.40 mg/mL) and postoperative secretion (MMC = 3.125 mg/mL). C. leptophloeos extracts also showed antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium species such as M. smegmatis (MIC = 12.5 mg/mL) and M. tuberculosis (MIC = 52 mg/mL). Additionally, we determined the toxicity of C. leptophloeos by in vitro HC50 tests with hemolytic activity detected of 313 ± 0.5 μg/mL. Our results showed that C. leptophloeos possesses inhibitory properties against MRSA as well as several other clinically important microorganisms. Furthermore, the present work is the first report of the presence of hinokinin in Commiphora genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. de Souza Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Aline de P. C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Glycoproteins, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Jannyson J. B. Jandú
- Laboratory of Glycoproteins, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Josinete A. da Paz
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline de Azevêdo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of PernambucoRecife, Brazil
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Antibiofilm and Antioxidant Activity of Propolis and Bud Poplar Resins versus Pseudomonas aeruginosa. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5163575. [PMID: 28127379 PMCID: PMC5239991 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5163575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common biofilm-forming bacterial pathogen implicated in lung, skin, and systemic infections. Biofilms are majorly associated with chronic lung infection, which is the most severe complication in cystic fibrosis patients characterized by drug-resistant biofilms in the bronchial mucus with zones, where reactive oxygen species concentration is increased mainly due to neutrophil activity. Aim of this work is to verify the anti-Pseudomonas property of propolis or bud poplar resins extracts. The antimicrobial activity of propolis and bud poplar resins extracts was determined by MIC and biofilm quantification. Moreover, we tested the antioxidant activity by DPPH and neutrophil oxidative burst assays. In the end, both propolis and bud poplar resins extracts were able to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and to influence both swimming and swarming motility. Moreover, the extracts could inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production by human PBMC and showed both direct and indirect antioxidant activity. This work is the first to demonstrate that propolis and bud poplar resins extracts can influence biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa contrasting the inflammation and the oxidation state typical of chronic infection suggesting that propolis or bud poplar resins can be used along with antibiotic as adjuvant in the therapy against P. aeruginosa infections related to biofilm.
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Tyc O, Tomás-Menor L, Garbeva P, Barrajón-Catalán E, Micol V. Validation of the AlamarBlue® Assay as a Fast Screening Method to Determine the Antimicrobial Activity of Botanical Extracts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0169090. [PMID: 28033417 PMCID: PMC5199036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant compounds are a potential source of new antimicrobial molecules against a variety of infections. Plant extracts suppose complex phytochemical libraries that may be used for the first stages of the screening process for antimicrobials. However, their large variability and complexity require fast and inexpensive methods that allow a rapid and adequate screening for antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria and fungi. In this study, a multi-well plate assay using the AlamarBlue® fluorescent dye was applied to screen for antimicrobial activity of several botanical extracts and the data were correlated with microbial colony forming units (CFU). This correlation was performed for three pathogenic model microorganisms: Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive bacteria) and for the yeast-like fungi Candida albicans. A total of ten plant extracts from different Mediterranean plants, including several Cistus and Hibiscus species, were successfully tested. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis was utilized for the characterization of the extracts in order to establish structure-activity correlations. The results show that extracts enriched in ellagitannins and flavonols are promising antibacterial agents against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In contrast, phenolic acids, anthocyanidins and flavonols may be related to the observed antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Tyc
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Tomás-Menor
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, E-03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, E-03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
- INVITROTECNIA S.L., Santiago Grisolía 2, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, E-03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Marchese A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiol Res 2016; 196:44-68. [PMID: 28164790 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have shown that phytochemicals exert their antibacterial activity through different mechanisms of action, such as damage to the bacterial membrane and suppression of virulence factors, including inhibition of the activity of enzymes and toxins, and bacterial biofilm formation. In this review, we summarise data from the available literature regarding the antibacterial effects of the main phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes, alkaloids, sulfur-containing phytochemicals, terpenoids, and polyphenols. Some phytochemicals, besides having direct antimicrobial activity, showed an in vitro synergistic effect when tested in combination with conventional antibiotics, modifying antibiotic resistance. Review of the literature showed that phytochemicals represent a possible source of effective, cheap and safe antimicrobial agents, though much work must still be carried out, especially in in vivo conditions to ensure the selection of effective antimicrobial substances with low side and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Coppo
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC-IRCCS San Martino-IST University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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49
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Antibacterial activity of Vitex parviflora A. Juss. and Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob. against human pathogens. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Effect of Tannin Extracts on Biofilms and Attachment of Escherichia coli on Lettuce Leaves. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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