1
|
Thankam FG, Ayoub JG, Ahmed MMR, Siddique A, Sanchez TC, Peralta RA, Pennington TJ, Agrawal DK. Association of hypoxia and mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns in the pathogenesis of vein graft failure: a pilot study. Transl Res 2021; 229:38-52. [PMID: 32861831 PMCID: PMC7867581 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard treatment modality in revascularization of the myocardium. However, the graft failure remains the major complication following CABG procedure. Involvement of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mt-DAMPs) in the pathogenesis of vein-graft failure is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the expression of major protein-mt-DAMPs, cytochrome-C (Cyt-C), heat shock protein-60 (Hsp-60), mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA), in the occluded graft and associated tissues, including distal left anterior descending (LAD), LAD adjacent to anastomosis, and left internal mammary artery (LIMA) in the microswine CABG model. The protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) was significantly decreased in the graft and LIMA, whereas the protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and Cyt-C was decreased and that of mtTFA and Hsp60 was increased in all tissues compared to controls. There was no significant difference in the protein expression of citrate synthase, complex-1, and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase in the graft and associated tissues compared to control. Hypoxia in cultured smooth muscle cells (SMCs) significantly upregulated all mitochondrial biomarkers and mt-DAMPs compared to normoxia. The increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and compromised membrane integrity in the hypoxic SMCs correlated well with increased mt-DAMPs in the graft and associated tissues, suggesting a possible role of mt-DAMPs in the pathogenesis of graft failure. These findings suggest that the pathological signals elicited by mt-DAMPs could reveal targets for better therapeutic approaches and diagnostic strategies in the management of CABG graft failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California
| | - Joseph G Ayoub
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mohamed M Radwan Ahmed
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California
| | - Aleem Siddique
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Thomas C Sanchez
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Rafael A Peralta
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Thomas J Pennington
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ru YX, Shang HC, Dong SX, Zhao SX, Liang HY, Zhu CJ. Foam cell origination from degenerated vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis: An ultrastructural study on hyperlipidemic rabbits. Ultrastruct Pathol 2020; 44:103-115. [PMID: 31906762 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1711481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To clarify foam cell origination in atherosclerosis, a series of morphologic and ultrastructural alterations of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and foam cells were studied by light and electron microscopy in atherosclerotic aortas from hyperlipidemic rabbits induced for 5 weeks. The study exhibited that VSMCs were severely degenerated and damaged, including irregular shapes, expanded mitochondria, aplenty lipid droplets, and disarranged myofilaments in cytoplasm in media adjacent to atheromatic bottoms. Most lipid laden cells shared interphase structures of VSMCs and foam cells, and some dissolved spindle cells contained lipid droplets, lipofuscin, and rod-like CCs in cytoplasm also. The result demonstrated that VSMCs were degenerated and transformed into foam cells in atherosclerosis, which was responsible for the accumulation of lipid and cholesterol crystals in atherosclerotic arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xin Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key laboratory of Chinese internal medicine of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Xu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shi-Xuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao-Yue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao-Jun Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krüger-Genge A, Dietze S, Yan W, Liu Y, Fang L, Kratz K, Lendlein A, Jung F. Endothelial cell migration, adhesion and proliferation on different polymeric substrates. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 70:511-529. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Krüger-Genge
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dietze
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Wan Yan
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Liang Fang
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao J, Liu Y, Li YM. Review of risk factors, treatment, and prevention of saphenous vein graft disease after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4907-4919. [PMID: 30178686 PMCID: PMC6300967 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518792445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saphenous vein graft disease (SVGD) is a type of vascular disease that may develop after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). SVGD seriously affects the short-term and long-term effects of CABG and increases the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is very important to identify patients at greatest risk and carry out prevention and treatment measures to determine the risk factors for SVGD. Many factors contribute to SVGD when the vein is grafted into an arterial environment, such as surgery-related factors, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and others. In this review, we discuss the risk factors for SVGD, current surgical and pharmacologic therapies with which to manage SVGD, and the prevention of SVGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China.,2 Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sobel M, Kikuchi S, Chen L, Tang GL, Wight TN, Kenagy RD. Clinical factors that influence the cellular responses of saphenous veins used for arterial bypass. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:165S-176S.e6. [PMID: 29914830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.03.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE When an autogenous vein is harvested and used for arterial bypass, it suffers physical and biologic injuries that may set in motion the cellular processes that lead to wall thickening, fibrosis, stenosis, and ultimately graft failure. Whereas the injurious effects of surgical preparation of the vein conduit have been extensively studied, little is known about the influence of the clinical environment of the donor leg from which the vein is obtained. METHODS We studied the cellular responses of fresh saphenous vein samples obtained before implantation in 46 patients undergoing elective lower extremity bypass surgery. Using an ex vivo model of response to injury, we quantified the outgrowth of cells from explants of the adventitial and medial layers of the vein. We correlated this cellular outgrowth with the clinical characteristics of the patients, including the Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection classification of the donor leg for ischemia, wounds, and infection as well as smoking and diabetes. RESULTS Cellular outgrowth was significantly faster and more robust from the adventitial layer than from the medial layer. The factors of leg ischemia (P < .001), smoking (P = .042), and leg infection (P = .045) were associated with impaired overall outgrowth from the adventitial tissue on multivariable analysis. Only ischemia (P = .046) was associated with impaired outgrowth of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from the medial tissue. Co-culture of adventitial cells and SMCs propagated from vein explants revealed that adventitial cells significantly inhibited the growth of SMCs, whereas SMCs promoted the growth of adventitial cells. The AA genotype of the -838C>A p27 polymorphism (previously associated with superior graft patency) enhanced these effects, whereas the factor of smoking attenuated adventitial cell inhibition of SMC growth. Comparing gene expression, the cells cultured from the media overexpress Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways associated with inflammation and infection, whereas those from the adventitia overexpress gene families associated with development and stem/progenitor cell maintenance. CONCLUSIONS The adverse clinical environment of the leg may influence the biologic behavior of the cells in the vein wall, especially the adventitial cells. Chronic ischemia was the most significant factor that retards adventitial cell outgrowth. The cells arising from the vein adventitia may be key players in determining a healthy adaptive or a pathologic response to the injuries associated with vein grafting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sobel
- Division of Vascular Surgery, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash; Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Shinsuke Kikuchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Lihua Chen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Gale L Tang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash; Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Tom N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Richard D Kenagy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paulos RG, Rudelli BA, Filippe RZ, dos Santos GB, Herrera AA, Ribeiro AA, de Rezende MR, Hsiang-Wei T, Mattar-Jr R. Experimental study of histological changes in vascular loops according to the duration of the postoperative period: Application in reconstructive microsurgery. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2017; 72:538-542. [PMID: 29069256 PMCID: PMC5629734 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017(09)03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the histological changes observed in venous grafts subjected to arterial blood flow as a function of the duration of the postoperative period to optimize their use in free flap reconstructions. METHOD Twenty-five rats (7 females and 18 males) underwent surgery. Surgeries were performed on one animal per week. Five weeks after the first surgery, the same five animals were subjected to an additional surgery to assess the presence or absence of blood flow through the vascular loop, and samples were collected for histological analysis. This cycle was performed five times. RESULTS Of the rats euthanized four to five weeks after the first surgery, no blood flow was observed through the graft in 80% of the cases. In the group euthanized three weeks after the first surgery, no blood flow was observed in 20% of the cases. In the groups euthanized one to two weeks after the first surgery, blood flow through the vascular loop was observed in all animals. Moreover, intimal proliferation tended to increase with the duration of the postoperative period. Two weeks after surgery, intimal proliferation increased slightly, whereas strong intimal proliferation was observed in all rats evaluated five weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION Intimal proliferation was the most significant change noted in venous grafts as a function of the duration of the postoperative period and was directly correlated with graft occlusion. In cases in which vascular loops are required during free flap reconstruction, both procedures should preferably be performed during the same surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Gregorio Paulos
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Bruno Alves Rudelli
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Renee Zon Filippe
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Gustavo Bispo dos Santos
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Ana Abarca Herrera
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Andre Araujo Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Marcelo Rosa de Rezende
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Teng Hsiang-Wei
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Rames Mattar-Jr
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saphenous vein wall thickness in age and venous reflux-associated remodeling in adults. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2017; 5:216-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
8
|
Downregulation of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 promotes the development of neuroblastoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:609-616. [PMID: 27998774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. In this study, we examined the expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) in primary NB and adjacent non-tumor samples (adrenal gland). BMPR2 expression was significantly downregulated in NB tissues, particularly in high-grade NB, and was inversely related to the expression of the NB differentiation markers ferritin and enolase. The significance of the downregulation was further explored in cultured NB cells. While enforced expression of BMPR2 decreased cell proliferation and colony-forming activity, shRNA-mediated knockdown of BMPR2 led to increased cell growth and clonogenicity. In mice, NB cells harboring BMPR2 shRNA showed significantly increased tumorigenicity compared with control cells. We also performed a retrospective analysis of NB patients and identified a significant positive correlation between tumor BMPR2 expression and overall survival. These findings suggest that BMPR2 may play an important role in the development of NB.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cui X, Liu B, Zheng S, Dong K, Dong R. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in hepatoblastoma tissues. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1529-1534. [PMID: 27446465 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation has a crucial role in cancer biology. In the present study, a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in hepatoblastoma (HB) tissues was performed to verify differential methylation levels between HB and normal tissues. As alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has a critical role in HB, AFP methylation levels were also detected using pyrosequencing. Normal and HB liver tissue samples (frozen tissue) were obtained from patients with HB. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in these tissues was performed using an Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip, and the results were confirmed with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip demonstrated distinctively less methylation in HB tissues than in non-tumor tissues. In addition, methylation enrichment was observed in positions near the transcription start site of AFP, which exhibited lower methylation levels in HB tissues than in non-tumor liver tissues. Lastly, a significant negative correlation was observed between AFP messenger RNA expression and DNA methylation percentage, using linear Pearson's R correlation coefficients. The present results demonstrate differential methylation levels between HB and normal tissues, and imply that aberrant methylation of AFP in HB could reflect HB development. Expansion of these findings could provide useful insight into HB biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ximao Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Baihui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Kuiran Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Vries MR, Simons KH, Jukema JW, Braun J, Quax PHA. Vein graft failure: from pathophysiology to clinical outcomes. Nat Rev Cardiol 2016; 13:451-70. [PMID: 27194091 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Occlusive arterial disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aside from balloon angioplasty, bypass graft surgery is the most commonly performed revascularization technique for occlusive arterial disease. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is performed in patients with left main coronary artery disease and three-vessel coronary disease, whereas peripheral artery bypass graft surgery is used to treat patients with late-stage peripheral artery occlusive disease. The great saphenous veins are commonly used conduits for surgical revascularization; however, they are associated with a high failure rate. Therefore, preservation of vein graft patency is essential for long-term surgical success. With the exception of 'no-touch' techniques and lipid-lowering and antiplatelet (aspirin) therapy, no intervention has hitherto unequivocally proven to be clinically effective in preventing vein graft failure. In this Review, we describe both preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the pathophysiology underlying vein graft failure, and the latest therapeutic options to improve patency for both coronary and peripheral grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Karin H Simons
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jerry Braun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thorin-Trescases N, Thorin E. Lifelong Cyclic Mechanical Strain Promotes Large Elastic Artery Stiffening: Increased Pulse Pressure and Old Age-Related Organ Failure. Can J Cardiol 2015; 32:624-33. [PMID: 26961664 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The arterial wall is under a huge mechanical constraint imposed by the cardiac cycle that is bound to generate damage with time. Each heartbeat indeed imposes a pulsatile pressure that generates a vascular stretch. Lifetime accumulation of pulsatile stretches will eventually induce fatigue of the elastic large arterial walls, such as aortic and carotid artery walls, promoting their stiffening that will gradually perturb the normal blood flow and local pressure within the organs, and lead to organ failure. The augmented pulse pressure induced by arterial stiffening favours left ventricular hypertrophy because of the repeated extra work against stiff high-pressure arteries, and tissue damage as a result of excessive pulsatile pressure transmitted into the microcirculation, especially in low resistance/high-flow organs such as the brain and kidneys. Vascular aging is therefore characterized by the stiffening of large elastic arteries leading to a gradual increase in pulse pressure with age. In this review we focus on the effect of age-related stiffening of large elastic arteries. We report the clinical evidence linking arterial stiffness and organ failure and discuss the molecular pathways that are activated by the increase of mechanical stress in the wall. We also discuss the possible interventions that could limit arterial stiffening with age, such as regular aerobic exercise training, and some pharmacological approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Thorin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuan SM, Li Y, Ben YH, Cheng XF, Li DZ, Li DM, Jing H. Graft pathology at the time of harvest: impact on long-term survival. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 29:543-51. [PMID: 25714207 PMCID: PMC4408816 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20140118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to present the graft pathology at the time of harvest and its
impact on long-term survival. Methods The remnants of the bypass grafts from 66 consecutive patients with coronary
artery disease receiving a coronary artery bypass grafting were investigated
pathologically, and pertinent predictive risk factors and survival were
analyzed. Results Medial degenerative changes with or without intimal proliferation were present in
36.8%, 37.8% and 35.6% of left internal mammary artery (IMA), radial artery and
saphenous vein grafts. There were 2 (3.0%) hospital deaths and 9 (14.1%) late
deaths. Multinomial logistic regression revealed left IMA pathological changes,
dyslipidemia, history of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/stent
deployment and Y-graft were significant predictive risk factors negatively
influencing the patients’ long-term survival. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis
revealed that the long-term survival of patients with left IMA pathological
changes were significantly reduced compared with those without (74.1% vs. 91.4%,
P=0.002); whereas no differences were noted in long-term
survivals between patients with and without pathological changes of the radial
arterial or saphenous vein grafts. Conclusion Pathological changes may be seen in the bypass graft at the time of harvest. The
subtle ultrastructural modifications and the expressions of vascular tone
regulators might be responsible for late graft patency. The pathological changes
of the left IMA at the time of harvest rather than those of the radial artery or
saphenous vein graft affect significantly longterm survival. Non-traumatic
maneuver of left IMA harvest, well-controlled dyslipidemia and avoidance of using
composite grafts can be helpful in maintaining the architecture of the grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Min Yuan
- The First Hospital of Putian, Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Putian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hong Ben
- Jinling Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Feng Cheng
- Jinling Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Zhu Li
- First Department of Surgery, Fourth People's Hospital of Lu'an, Lu'an, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - De Min Li
- Jinling Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jing
- Jinling Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jia D, Jing Y, Zhang Z, Liu L, Ding J, Zhao F, Ge C, Wang Q, Chen T, Yao M, Li J, Gu J, He X. Amplification of MPZL1/PZR promotes tumor cell migration through Src-mediated phosphorylation of cortactin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Res 2013; 24:204-17. [PMID: 24296779 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2013.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified 1 241 regions of somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we found that a novel recurrent focal amplicon, 1q24.1-24.2, targets the MPZL1 gene in HCC. Notably, there is a positive correlation between the expression levels of MPZL1 and intrahepatic metastasis of the HCC specimens. MPZL1 can significantly enhance the migratory and metastatic potential of the HCC cells. Moreover, we found that one of the mechanisms by which MPZL1 promotes HCC cell migration is by inducing the phosphorylation and activation of the pro-metastatic protein, cortactin. Additionally, we found that Src kinase mediates the phosphorylation and activation of cortactin induced by MPZL1 overexpression. Taken together, these findings suggest that MPZL1 is a novel pro-metastatic gene targeted by a recurrent region of copy number amplification at 1q24.1-24.2 in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deshui Jia
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China [2] Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Jing
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China [2] Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Taoyang Chen
- Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, Jiangsu 226200, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianren Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianghuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|