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Majewski M, Klett-Mingo M, Verdasco-Martín CM, Otero C, Ferrer M. Spirulina extract improves age-induced vascular dysfunction. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:627-637. [PMID: 35294322 PMCID: PMC8933018 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2047209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vascular dysfunction is considered a hallmark of ageing that has been associated with altered vasomotor responses, in which nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species participate. The consumption of Spirulina extracts, with antioxidant properties, increased recently. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effect of Spirulina aqueous extract (SAE) on the vascular function of the aorta from aged rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aortic segments from aged male Sprague-Dawley rats (20-22 months old) were exposed to SAE (0.1% w/v, for 3 h) to analyse: (i) the vasodilator response induced by acetylcholine (ACh), by the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), by the carbon monoxide releasing molecule (CORM) and by the KATP channel opener, cromakalim (CK); (ii) the vasoconstrictor response induced by KCl and noradrenaline (NA); (iii) the production of NO and superoxide anion, and (iv) the expression of the p-eNOS and HO-1 proteins. RESULTS Incubation with SAE increased the expression of p-eNOS (1.6-fold) and HO-1 (2.0-fold), enhanced NO release (1.4-fold in basal and 1.9-fold in ACh-stimulated conditions) while decreased the production of superoxide (0.7-fold). SAE also increased the sensitivity (measured as pEC50) to ACh (control: -7.06 ± 0.11; SAE: -8.16 ± 0.21), SNP (control: -7.96 ± 0.16; SAE: -9.11 ± 0.14) and CK (control: -7.05 ± 0.39; SAE: -8.29 ± 0.53), and potentiated the response to KCl (1.3-fold) and to NA (1.7-fold). CONCLUSION The antioxidant properties of SAE improved the vasomotor responses of aorta from aged rats. These results may support the use of Spirulina as a protection against vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Majewski
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mercedes Klett-Mingo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Verdasco-Martín
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Otero
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Cristina Otero Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CONTACT Mercedes Ferrer Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UAM. C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Estrogen replacement therapy including specific estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) agonist, 4,4',4″-(4-propyl-[1H] pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol (PPT), improves cognitive function in the females with estrogen insufficiency condition. It is well suggested that the cyclic nucleotides are considered as one of the downstream mediators to ERα receptor activity and they can be hypothesized as a potential target in the management of estrogen insufficiency condition. Roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, increases the level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in most of the tissues including the brain, and is reported to have procognitive activity in the experimental animals. Hence, the present study evaluated the therapeutic effect of roflumilast with or without PPT in rats with experimentally-induced estrogen insufficiency. Estrogen insufficiency was induced in female rats through bilateral ovariectomy on day-1 (D-1) of the experimental schedule. Roflumilast (0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg; p.o.) and PPT (333µg/kg; i.p.) attenuated ovariectomy-induced cognitive deficits in the rodents during behavioral tests. Roflumilast and PPT increased the cholinergic function and cAMP level in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Further, ovariectomy-induced decrease in the extent of phosphorylation of ERα in both the brain regions was attenuated with the monotherapy of either roflumilast or PPT. Interestingly, the combination of 1.0 mg/kg roflumilast and PPT exhibited better therapeutic effectiveness than their monotherapy. In addition, roflumilast facilitated PPT-induced increase in the level of expression of phosphorylated protein kinase-B (Akt) in both the rat brain regions. Hence, it can be assumed that the combination of roflumilast and PPT could be a therapeutic option in the management of estrogen insufficiency-induced disorders.
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Machado MMF, Banin RM, Thomaz FM, de Andrade IS, Boldarine VT, de Souza Figueiredo J, Hirata BKS, Oyama LM, Lago JHG, Ribeiro EB, Telles MM. Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE) Restores Serotonin and Leptin Receptor Levels and Plays an Antioxidative Role in the Hippocampus of Ovariectomized Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2692-2703. [PMID: 33492645 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) was reported to improve the hypothalamic serotonergic system of ovariectomized (OVX) rats, the present study aimed to verify the GbE effects on hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and levels of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and both the serotonin (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B) and leptin receptors of OVX rats. Two-month-old female Wistar rats had their ovaries surgically removed (OVX) or not (SHAM). After 60 days, OVX rats were gavaged daily with GbE 500 mg kg-1 (OVX+GbE), while SHAM and OVX groups received saline 0.9% (vehicle) for 14 days. Rats were then euthanized, and hippocampi were collected. Both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B levels were significantly reduced in OVX rats compared to SHAM rats, while 5-HT1A was higher in OVX+GbE rats in comparison to OVX rats. Similarly, LepR levels were increased in OVX+GbE rats compared to OVX rats, reaching similar levels to SHAM rats. Superoxide dismutase activity increased in OVX rats in relation to SHAM rats, which was restored to SHAM levels by GbE treatment. Additionally, GbE significantly increased the glutathione peroxidase activity in comparison to the SHAM group. No differences were observed either in catalase activity or in the levels of 5-HTT, PKCα, TLR-4, NF-κBp50, ERK, and CREB. In summary, our results show a potential effect of GbE on hippocampal pathways involved in feeding behavior, and thus, they suggest that GbE activity might improve menopausal-related hippocampal disorders, offering an alternative therapeutic tool particularly for women to whom hormone replacement therapy may be contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meira Maria Forcelini Machado
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Mancini Banin
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Malanconi Thomaz
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Iracema Senna de Andrade
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valter Tadeu Boldarine
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica de Souza Figueiredo
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kelly Sousa Hirata
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Ghilardi Lago
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliane Beraldi Ribeiro
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Marques Telles
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Álvarez-Maestro M, Eguibar A, Chanca P, Klett-Mingo M, Gómez Rivas J, Buño-Soto A, de Bethencourt FR, Ferrer M. Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients With Prostate Cancer Increases Serum Levels of Thromboxane A 2: Cardiovascular Implications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:653126. [PMID: 33928136 PMCID: PMC8076684 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.653126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Androgens have been described as important players in the regulation of vascular function/structure through their action on the release and effect of vasoactive factors, such as prostanoids. Patients with prostate cancer (PCa) under androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) present increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Since thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is one of the most studied prostanoids and its involvement in different cardiovascular diseases has been described, the aim of this study was to investigate: (i) the effect of ADT on the serum levels of TXA2 in PCa patients and its possible link to the redox status and (ii) the effect of the non-hydrolyzable TXA2 analog U-46619 on the function of the aorta of male rats. Methods: The levels of TXA2 and total antioxidant status in 50 healthy subjects, 54 PCa patients, and 57 PCa under ADT were evaluated. These determinations were accompanied by levels of testosterone and C-reactive protein as an inflammation marker. In aortic segments from male rats, the U46619-induced effects on: (i) the vasomotor responses to acetylcholine (ACh), to the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), to the carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3), and to noradrenaline (NA) and (ii) the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 were analyzed. Results: The serum level of TXA2 in patients with PCa was increased with respect to healthy subjects, which was further increased by ADT. There was no modification in the total antioxidant status among the three experimental groups. In aortic segments from male rats, the TXA2 analog decreased the endothelium-dependent relaxation and the sensitivity of smooth muscle cells to NO, while it increased the vasoconstriction induced by NA; the expression of COX-2, HO-1, and pERK1/2 was also increased. Conclusions: ADT increased, along with other inflammatory/oxidative markers, the serum levels of TXA2. The fact that TXA2 negatively impacts the vascular function of the aorta of healthy male rats suggests that inhibition of TXA2-mediated events could be considered a potential strategy to protect the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Álvarez-Maestro
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Urología, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aritz Eguibar
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Chanca
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Gómez Rivas
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Buño-Soto
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Neonatología, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermín R de Bethencourt
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Urología, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Grupo de Investigación en Urología, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UAM, Madrid, Spain
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Isidoro-García L, Villalpando DM, Ferrer M. Vasomotor action of androgens in the mesenteric artery of hypertensive rats. Role of perivascular innervation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246254. [PMID: 33529222 PMCID: PMC7853503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgens may exert cardiovascular protective actions by regulating the release and function of different vascular factors. In addition, testosterone (TES) and its 5-reduced metabolites, 5α- and 5β-dihydrotestosterone (5α- and 5β-DHT) induce vasorelaxant and hypotensive effects. Furthermore, hypertension has been reported to alter the release and function of the neurotransmitters nitric oxide (NO), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and noradrenaline (NA). Since the mesenteric arteries possess a dense perivascular innervation and significantly regulate total peripheral vascular resistance, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of TES, 5α- and 5β-DHT on the neurogenic release and vasomotor function of NO, CGRP and NA. For this purpose, the superior mesenteric artery from male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats was used to analyze: (i) the effect of androgens (10 nM, incubated for 30 min) on the neurogenic release of NO, CGRP and NA and (ii) the vasoconstrictor-response to NA and the vasodilator responses to the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and exogenous CGRP. The results showed that TES, 5α- or 5β-DHT did not modify the release of NO, CGRP or NA induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the arteries of SHR; however, in the arteries of WKY rats androgens only caused an increase in EFS-induced NO release. Moreover, TES, and especially 5β-DHT, increased the vasodilator response induced by SNP and CGRP in the arteries of SHR. These findings could be contributing to the hypotensive/antihypertensive efficacy of 5β-DHT previously described in conscious SHR and WKY rats, pointing to 5β- DHT as a potential drug for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Isidoro-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Diva M. Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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Villalpando DM, Verdasco-Martín CM, Plaza I, Gómez-Rivas J, R de Bethencourt F, Villarroel M, García JL, Otero C, Ferrer M. Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Aqueous Extract on Vasodilator Function of Arteries from Hypertensive Rats. Int J Vasc Med 2020; 2020:6657077. [PMID: 33457015 PMCID: PMC7787865 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6657077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disorder considered one of the major causes of premature death worldwide. This pathology is associated with vascular functional/structural alterations in which nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen reactive species participate. On the other hand, the use of microalgae extracts in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is increasing. Based on the antioxidant and antihypertensive properties of Spirulina, this study aims to investigate the effect of an aqueous extract of Spirulina on the vasodilator function of the aorta from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), analyzing the functional role of NO. For this, aortic segments from male SHR were divided into two groups, one control and the other exposed to an Spirulina aqueous extract (0.1% w/v, for 3 hours), to analyze (i) the production of NO, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide; (ii) the vasodilator response induced by acetylcholine (ACh), by the NO donor and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and by the KATP channel opener and pinacidil; and (iii) the expression of the p-Akt, p-eNOS, and HO-1 proteins. The results showed that the aqueous Spirulina extract (i) increased the production of NO, did not significantly modify that of superoxide, while decreased that of hydrogen peroxide; (ii) increased the vasodilatory responses induced by ACh, NPS, and pinacidil; and (iii) increased the expression of p-Akt and HO-1. These results suggest that incubation with the aqueous Spirulina extract improves the vascular function of arteries from SHR by increasing the release/bioavailability/function of NO. Increased KATP channel activation and expression of pAkt and HO-1 appear to be participating in these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diva M. Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Verdasco-Martín
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Plaza
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez-Rivas
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermín R de Bethencourt
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Morris Villarroel
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. García
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Biotecnología Medioambiental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Otero
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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Goyal A, Garabadu D. Vinpocetine facilitates the anti-amnesic activity of estrogen-receptor alpha agonist in bilateral ovariectomy-challenged animals. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112789. [PMID: 32593544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The fluctuation in plasma estrogen level influences the cognitive function in the females. The specific estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) agonist, (4,4',4″-(4-propyl-[1 H] pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) tris phenol (PPT), is reported to exhibit therapeutic activity similar to that of estrogen replacement therapy. However, the former can also exert cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent carcinogenic activity in the uterus of the ovariectomized animals. Moreover, there is no report of cGMP on ERα-mediated phosphorylation of Akt in the experimental condition. Vinpocetine increases the rate of formation of cGMP than cAMP in several tissues. Hence, the present study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of vinpocetine with or without PPT against ovariectomy-induced dementia in experimental rodents. The condition of estrogen insufficiency was induced in female rats through bilateral ovariectomy on day-1 (D-1) of the experimental schedule. Vinpocetine (20 mg/kg) and PPT attenuated ovariectomy-induced cognitive deficits in behavioral tests and increase in body weight in the rodents. Vinpocetine and PPT increased the cholinergic function and the ratio of cGMP/cAMP in the hippocampus, pre-frontal cortex and amygdala of the ovariectomized animals. Further, ovariectomy-induced decrease in the extent of phosphorylation of ERα in all brain regions was attenuated with the monotherapy of either vinpocetine or PPT. Interestingly, the combination of vinpocetine and PPT exhibited better effectiveness than their monotherapy. However, vinpocetine attenuated the PPT-induced increased level of phosphorylated Akt in discrete brain regions and weight of uterus of these rodents. Hence, the combination could be considered as a better alternative candidate with minimal side effects in the management of estrogen insufficiency-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debapriya Garabadu
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Majewski M, Lis B, Olas B, Ognik K, Juśkiewicz J. Dietary supplementation with copper nanoparticles influences the markers of oxidative stress and modulates vasodilation of thoracic arteries in young Wistar rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229282. [PMID: 32084205 PMCID: PMC7034852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to study the physiological effects of diet supplemented with copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs). During the eight weeks of the experiment, young Wistar rats (at seven weeks of age, n = 9) were supplemented with 6.5 mg of Cu either as NPs or carbonate salt (Cu6.5). A diet that was not supplemented with Cu served as a negative control (Cu0). The impact of nano Cu supplementation on lipid (reflected as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARS) and protein peroxidation (thiol and carbonyl groups) in blood plasma as well as the influence on the vasodilatory mechanism(s) of isolated rat thoracic arteries were studied. Supplementation with Cu enhanced lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in NP6.5 (x2.4) and in Cu6.5 (x1.9) compared to the negative control. Significant increase in TBARS was also observed in NP6.5 (x1.3) compared to the Cu6.5 group. The level of thiol groups increased in NP6.5 (x1.6) compared to Cu6.5. Meanwhile, significant (x0.6) decrease was observed in the Cu6.5 group compared to the negative control. Another marker of protein oxidation, carbonyl groups increased in NP6.5 (x1.4) and Cu6.5 (x2.3) compared to the negative control. However significant difference (x0.6) was observed between NP6.5 and Cu6.5. Arteries from Cu supplemented rats exhibited an enhanced vasodilation to gasotransmitters: nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). An enhanced vasodilation to NO was reflected in the increased response to acetylcholine (ACh) and calcium ionophore A23187. The observed responses to ACh and CO releasing molecule (CORM-2) were more pronounced in NP6.5. The activator of cGMP-dependent protein kinases (8-bromo-cGMP) induced similar vasodilation of thoracic arteries in NP6.5 and Cu0 groups, while an increased response was observed in the Cu6.5 group. Preincubation with the inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) synthase inhibitor- 1400W, decreased the ACh-induced vasodilation in NP6.5, exclusively. Meanwhile the eicosanoid metabolite of arachidonic acid (20-HETE) synthesis inhibitor-HET0016, enhanced vasodilation of arteries from Cu0 group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that supplementation with nano Cu influences oxidative stress, which further has modified the vascular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Majewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Bernadetta Lis
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Goyal A, Garabadu D. Sildenafil promotes the anti-amnesic activity of estrogen receptor alpha agonist in animals with estrogen insufficiency. Neurochem Int 2019; 132:104609. [PMID: 31778728 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The cognitive function in the females is observed to modulate with the fluctuation in plasma estrogen level. The specific estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) agonist, (4,4',4″-(4-propyl-[1H] pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) tris phenol (PPT), exerts similar therapeutic activity to that of estrogen replacement therapy. It can also exert cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent carcinogenic activity in the uterus of the ovariectomized animals. However, there is no report of cGMP on the ERα-mediated phosphorylation of Akt in the experimental condition. Sildenafil increases the level of cGMP in most of the tissues including brain. Hence, the present study evaluated the therapeutic effect of Sildenafil with or without PPT in rats with experimentally-induced estrogen insufficiency. The condition of estrogen insufficiency was induced in female rats through bilateral ovariectomy on day-1 (D-1) of the experimental schedule. Sildenafil (1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) and PPT attenuated ovariectomy-induced cognitive deficits in behavioural tests and increase in body weight in the rodents. Sildenafil and PPT increased the cholinergic function and the ratio of cGMP/cAMP in the hippocampus, pre-frontal cortex and amygdala of the animals. Further, the ovariectomy-induced decrease in the extent of phosphorylation of ERα in all the brain regions was attenuated with the monotherapy of either Sildenafil or PPT. Interestingly, the combination of Sildenafil and PPT exhibited better therapeutic effectiveness than their monotherapy. However, Sildenafil attenuated the PPT-induced increase in the level of expression of phosphorylated protein kinase-B (Akt) in the discrete brain regions and the weight of uterus of these rodents. Hence, it can be assumed that the combination could be a better therapeutic alternative with minimal side effect in the management of estrogen insufficiency-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debapriya Garabadu
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ximenes CF, Rodrigues SML, Podratz PL, Merlo E, de Araújo JFP, Rodrigues LCM, Coitinho JB, Vassallo DV, Graceli JB, Stefanon I. Tributyltin chloride disrupts aortic vascular reactivity and increases reactive oxygen species production in female rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24509-24520. [PMID: 28900851 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organotin compounds, such as tributyltin (TBT), are environment contaminants that induce bioaccumulation and have potential toxic effects on marine species and mammals. TBT have been banned by the International Maritime Organization in 2003. However, the assessment of butyltin and metal contents in marine sediments has demonstrated high residual levels of TBT in some cases exceeding 7000 ng Sn g-1. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) level for TBT established by the World Health Organization is 0.5 μg/kg bw/day is based on genotoxicity, reproduction, teratogenicity, immunotoxicity, and mainly neurotoxicity. However, their effect on the cardiovascular system is not well understood. In this study, female rats were exposed to 0.5 μg/kg/day of TBT for 15 days with the goal of understanding the effect of TBT on vascular function. Female Wistar rats were treated daily by gavage and divided into control (n = 10) and TBT (n = 10) groups. The aortic rings were incubated with phenylephrine in both the presence and absence of endothelium. The phenylephrine concentration-response curves were generated by exposing endothelium-intact samples to NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), apocynin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, tiron, and allopurinol. Acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were used to evaluate the relaxation response. Exposure to TBT reduced serum 17β-estradiol E2 levels and increased vascular reactivity. After incubation with L-NAME, the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine was significantly higher. Apocynin, SOD, catalase, and tiron decreased the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine to a significantly greater extent in TBT-treated rats than in the control rat. The relaxation induced by ACh and SNP was significantly reduced in TBT rats. Exposure to TBT induced aortic wall atrophy and increased superoxide anion production and collagen deposition. These results provide evidence that exposing rats to the current ADI for TBT (0.5 μg/kg) for 15 days induced vascular dysfunction due to oxidative stress and morphological damage and should be considered an important cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Falcão Ximenes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Samya Mere Lima Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Priscila Lang Podratz
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Julia Fernandez Puñal de Araújo
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carla Melo Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Juliana Barbosa Coitinho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Department of Morphology/CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 290440-090, Brazil.
| | - Ivanita Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espirito Santo, 29042-755, Brazil.
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Villalpando DM, Navarro R, Del Campo L, Largo C, Muñoz D, Tabernero M, Baeza R, Otero C, García HS, Ferrer M. Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplemented Diet Influences the Orchidectomy-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Rat Mesenteric Arteries. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168841. [PMID: 28068359 PMCID: PMC5222371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the cardiovascular benefits of a high dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been extensively studied. However, many of the molecular mechanisms and effects exerted by PUFAs have yet to be well explained. The lack of sex hormones alters vascular tone, and we have described that a DHA-supplemented diet to orchidectomized rats improve vascular function of the aorta. Based on these data and since the mesenteric artery importantly controls the systemic vascular resistance, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of a DHA-supplemented diet on the mesenteric vascular function from orchidectomized rats. For this purpose mesenteric artery segments obtained from control, orchidectomized or orchidectomized plus DHA-supplemented diet were utilized to analyze: (1) the release of prostanoids, (2) formation of NO and ROS, (3) the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (ACh), as well as the involvement of prostanoids and NO in this response, and (4) the vasoconstrictor response to electrical field stimulation (EFS), analyzing also the effect of exogenous noradrenaline (NA), and the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The results demonstrate beneficial effects of DHA on the vascular function in orchidectomized rats, which include a decrease in the prostanoids release and superoxide formation that were previously augmented by orchidectomy. Additionally, there was an increase in endothelial NO formation and the response to ACh, in which NO involvement and the participation of vasodilator prostanoids were increased. DHA also reversed the decrease in EFS-induced response caused by orchidectomy. All of these findings suggest beneficial effects of DHA on vascular function by reversing the neurogenic response and the endothelial dysfunction caused by orchidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diva M Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Del Campo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Largo
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
| | - David Muñoz
- Gabinete Veterinario, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Tabernero
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Baeza
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Otero
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
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12
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Villalpando DM, Navarro R, del Campo L, Largo C, Muñoz D, Tabernero M, Baeza R, Otero C, García HS, Ferrer M. Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on the Participation of Vasodilator Factors in Aorta from Orchidectomized Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142039. [PMID: 26540339 PMCID: PMC4634962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) against cardiovascular diseases have been reported. Vascular tone regulation is largely mediated by endothelial factors whose release is modulated by sex hormones. Since the incidence of cardiovascular pathologies has been correlated with decreased levels of sex hormones, the aim of this study was to analyze whether a diet supplemented with the specific PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could prevent vascular changes induced by an impaired gonadal function. For this purpose, control and orchidectomized rats were fed with a standard diet supplemented with 5% (w/w) sunflower oil or with 3% (w/w) sunflower oil plus 2% (w/w) DHA. The lipid profile, the blood pressure, the production of prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO), and the redox status of biological samples from control and orchidectomized rats, fed control or DHA-supplemented diet, were analyzed. The vasodilator response and the contribution of NO, prostanoids and hyperpolarizing mechanisms were also studied. The results showed that orchidectomy negatively affected the lipid profile, increased the production of prostanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased NO production and the antioxidant capacity, as well as the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms in the vasodilator responses. The DHA-supplemented diet of the orchidectomized rats decreased the release of prostanoids and ROS, while increasing NO production and the antioxidant capacity, and it also improved the lipid profile. Additionally, it restored the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms by activating potassium. Since the modifications induced by the DHA-supplemented diet were observed in the orchidectomized, but not in the healthy group, DHA seems to exert cardioprotective effects in physiopathological situations in which vascular dysfunction exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diva M. Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara del Campo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Largo
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Muñoz
- Gabinete Veterinario, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Tabernero
- Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Baeza
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Otero
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Área Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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