1
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Gülich AF, Rica R, Tizian C, Viczenczova C, Khamina K, Faux T, Hainberger D, Penz T, Bosselut R, Bock C, Laiho A, Elo LL, Bergthaler A, Ellmeier W, Sakaguchi S. Complex Interplay Between MAZR and Runx3 Regulates the Generation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte and Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:535039. [PMID: 33815354 PMCID: PMC8010151 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.535039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The BTB zinc finger transcription factor MAZR (also known as PATZ1) controls, partially in synergy with the transcription factor Runx3, the development of CD8 lineage T cells. Here we explored the role of MAZR as well as combined activities of MAZR/Runx3 during cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. In contrast to the essential role of Runx3 for CTL effector function, the deletion of MAZR had a mild effect on the generation of CTLs in vitro. However, a transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the combined deletion of MAZR and Runx3 resulted in much more widespread downregulation of CTL signature genes compared to single Runx3 deletion, indicating that MAZR partially compensates for loss of Runx3 in CTLs. Moreover, in line with the findings made in vitro, the analysis of CTL responses to LCMV infection revealed that MAZR and Runx3 cooperatively regulate the expression of CD8α, Granzyme B and perforin in vivo. Interestingly, while memory T cell differentiation is severely impaired in Runx3-deficient mice, the deletion of MAZR leads to an enlargement of the long-lived memory subset and also partially restored the differentiation defect caused by loss of Runx3. This indicates distinct functions of MAZR and Runx3 in the generation of memory T cell subsets, which is in contrast to their cooperative roles in CTLs. Together, our study demonstrates complex interplay between MAZR and Runx3 during CTL and memory T cell differentiation, and provides further insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment of CTL and memory T cell pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Franziska Gülich
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ramona Rica
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Tizian
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Csilla Viczenczova
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kseniya Khamina
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Faux
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Daniela Hainberger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Penz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Remy Bosselut
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L. Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Andreas Bergthaler
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Ng ZL, Siew J, Li J, Ji G, Huang M, Liao X, Yu S, Chew Y, Png CW, Zhang Y, Wen S, Yang H, Zhou Y, Long YC, Jiang ZH, Wu Q. PATZ1 (MAZR) Co-occupies Genomic Sites With p53 and Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation via Regulating p27. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:586150. [PMID: 33598459 PMCID: PMC7882738 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.586150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer death in the world. POZ/BTB and AT-hook-containing zinc finger protein 1 (PATZ1/MAZR) is a transcription factor associated with various cancers. However, the role of PATZ1 in cancer progression remains controversial largely due to lack of genome-wide studies. Here we report that PATZ1 regulates cell proliferation by directly regulating CDKN1B (p27) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our PATZ1 ChIP-seq and gene expression microarray analyses revealed that PATZ1 is strongly related to cancer signatures and cellular proliferation. We further discovered that PATZ1 depletion led to an increased rate of colony formation, elevated Ki-67 expression and greater S phase entry. Importantly, the increased cancer cell proliferation was accompanied with suppressed expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1B. Consistently, we found that PATZ1 binds to the genomic loci flanking the transcriptional start site of CDKN1B and positively regulates its transcription. Notably, we demonstrated that PATZ1 is a p53 partner and p53 is essential for CDKN1B regulation. In conclusion, our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the inhibitory role of PATZ1 in liver cancer progression, thereby yielding a promising therapeutic intervention to alleviate tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Long Ng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiamin Siew
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Li
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guanxu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiaohua Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Sue Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuanyuan Chew
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Wen Png
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shijun Wen
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiting Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chau Long
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
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3
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Andersen L, Gülich AF, Alteneder M, Preglej T, Orola MJ, Dhele N, Stolz V, Schebesta A, Hamminger P, Hladik A, Floess S, Krausgruber T, Faux T, Andrabi SBA, Huehn J, Knapp S, Sparwasser T, Bock C, Laiho A, Elo LL, Rasool O, Lahesmaa R, Sakaguchi S, Ellmeier W. The Transcription Factor MAZR/PATZ1 Regulates the Development of FOXP3 + Regulatory T Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4447-4459.e6. [PMID: 31875552 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein P3+ (FOXP3+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) play a key role in maintaining tolerance and immune homeostasis. Here, we report that a T cell-specific deletion of the transcription factor MAZR (also known as PATZ1) leads to an increased frequency of Treg cells, while enforced MAZR expression impairs Treg cell differentiation. Further, MAZR expression levels are progressively downregulated during thymic Treg cell development and during in-vitro-induced human Treg cell differentiation, suggesting that MAZR protein levels are critical for controlling Treg cell development. However, MAZR-deficient Treg cells show only minor transcriptional changes ex vivo, indicating that MAZR is not essential for establishing the transcriptional program of peripheral Treg cells. Finally, the loss of MAZR reduces the clinical score in dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, suggesting that MAZR activity in T cells controls the extent of intestinal inflammation. Together, these data indicate that MAZR is part of a Treg cell-intrinsic transcriptional network that modulates Treg cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Andersen
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Franziska Gülich
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlis Alteneder
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Preglej
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Jonah Orola
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Narendra Dhele
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentina Stolz
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Schebesta
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Hamminger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Floess
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Faux
- Medical Bioinformatics Centre, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Syed Bilal Ahmad Andrabi
- Molecular Systems Immunology, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Asta Laiho
- Medical Bioinformatics Centre, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Medical Bioinformatics Centre, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Omid Rasool
- Molecular Systems Immunology, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Molecular Systems Immunology, Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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4
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Orola MJ, Tizian C, Zhu C, Andersen L, Gülich AF, Alteneder M, Stojakovic T, Wiedermann U, Trauner M, Ellmeier W, Sakaguchi S. The zinc-finger transcription factor MAZR regulates iNKT cell subset differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4391-4404. [PMID: 31065747 PMCID: PMC6803753 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells represent a subgroup of innate-like T cells and play an important role in immune responses against certain pathogens. In addition, they have been linked to autoimmunity and antitumor immunity. iNKT cells consist of several subsets with distinct functions; however, the transcriptional networks controlling iNKT subset differentiation are still not fully characterized. Myc-associated zinc-finger-related factor (MAZR, also known as PATZ1) is an essential transcription factor for CD8+ lineage differentiation of conventional T cells. Here, we show that MAZR plays an important role in iNKT cells. T-cell lineage-specific deletion of MAZR resulted in an iNKT cell-intrinsic defect that led to an increase in iNKT2 cell numbers, concurrent with a reduction in iNKT1 and iNKT17 cells. Consistent with the alteration in the subset distribution, deletion of MAZR also resulted in an increase in the percentage of IL-4-producing cells. Moreover, MAZR-deficient iNKT cells displayed an enhanced expression of Erg2 and ThPOK, key factors for iNKT cell generation and subset differentiation, indicating that MAZR controls iNKT cell development through fine-tuning of their expression levels. Taken together, our study identified MAZR as an essential transcription factor regulating iNKT cell subset differentiation and effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jonah Orola
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Tizian
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-University Medical Centre Berlin (CBF), 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ci Zhu
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Liisa Andersen
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Franziska Gülich
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlis Alteneder
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tatjana Stojakovic
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Sakaguchi S, Hainberger D, Tizian C, Tanaka H, Okuda T, Taniuchi I, Ellmeier W. MAZR and Runx Factors Synergistically Repress ThPOK during CD8+ T Cell Lineage Development. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2879-87. [PMID: 26254341 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Th-inducing Pox virus and zinc finger/Krüppel-like factor (ThPOK) is a key commitment factor for CD4(+) lineage T cells and is essential for the maintenance of CD4 lineage integrity; thus, the expression of ThPOK has to be tightly controlled. In this article, we demonstrate that Myc-associated zinc finger-related factor (MAZR) and Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) together repressed ThPOK in preselection double-positive thymocytes, whereas MAZR acted in synergy with Runx3 in the repression of ThPOK in CD8(+) T cells. Furthermore, MAZR-Runx1 and MAZR-Runx3 double-mutant mice showed enhanced derepression of Cd4 in double-negative thymocytes and in CD8(+) T cells in comparison with Runx1 or Runx3 single-deficient mice, respectively, indicating that MAZR modulates Cd4 silencing. Thus, our data demonstrate developmental stage-specific synergistic activities between MAZR and Runx/core-binding factor β (CBFβ) complexes. Finally, retroviral Cre-mediated conditional deletion of MAZR in peripheral CD8(+) T cells led to the derepression of ThPOK, thus showing that MAZR is also part of the molecular machinery that maintains a repressed state of ThPOK in CD8(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sakaguchi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Daniela Hainberger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Tizian
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; and
| | - Tsukasa Okuda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ichiro Taniuchi
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; and
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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6
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Murine and human mast cell progenitors. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 778:2-10. [PMID: 26164789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of mature mast cells (MCs) from hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as the identification and characterization of committed progenitor cells are a current focus of mast cell research. Most published reports in this area are on the origin and differentiation of MCs in mice. Evidence for the human system, i.e. derived from primary human MCs, is widely lacking. Based on the published data, MCs develop either from a committed progenitor or from a common basophil/mast cell precursor. This review summarizes the current knowledge on MC development and MC differentiation.
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7
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PATZ1 Is a DNA Damage-Responsive Transcription Factor That Inhibits p53 Function. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:1741-53. [PMID: 25755280 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01475-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insults to cellular health cause p53 protein accumulation, and loss of p53 function leads to tumorigenesis. Thus, p53 has to be tightly controlled. Here we report that the BTB/POZ domain transcription factor PATZ1 (MAZR), previously known for its transcriptional suppressor functions in T lymphocytes, is a crucial regulator of p53. The novel role of PATZ1 as an inhibitor of the p53 protein marks its gene as a proto-oncogene. PATZ1-deficient cells have reduced proliferative capacity, which we assessed by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) and real-time cell growth rate analysis. PATZ1 modifies the expression of p53 target genes associated with cell proliferation gene ontology terms. Moreover, PATZ1 regulates several genes involved in cellular adhesion and morphogenesis. Significantly, treatment with the DNA damage-inducing drug doxorubicin results in the loss of the PATZ1 transcription factor as p53 accumulates. We find that PATZ1 binds to p53 and inhibits p53-dependent transcription activation. We examine the mechanism of this functional inhibitory interaction and demonstrate that PATZ1 excludes p53 from DNA binding. This study documents PATZ1 as a novel player in the p53 pathway.
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8
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The role of BTB-zinc finger transcription factors during T cell development and in the regulation of T cell-mediated immunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014; 381:21-49. [PMID: 24850219 DOI: 10.1007/82_2014_374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The proper regulation of the development and function of peripheral helper and cytotoxic T cell lineages is essential for T cell-mediated adaptive immunity. Progress made during the last 10-15 years led to the identification of several transcription factors and transcription factor networks that control the development and function of T cell subsets. Among the transcription factors identified are also several members of the so-called BTB/POZ domain containing zinc finger (ZF) transcription factor family (BTB-ZF), and important roles of BTB-ZF factors have been described. In this review, we will provide an up-to-date overview about the role of BTB-ZF factors during T cell development and in peripheral T cells.
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