1
|
Mok J, Park JH, Yeom SC, Park J. PROKR1-CREB-NR4A2 axis for oxidative muscle fiber specification and improvement of metabolic function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308960121. [PMID: 38232288 PMCID: PMC10823220 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308960121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are characterized by an imbalance in muscle fiber composition, and a potential therapeutic approach involves increasing the proportion of oxidative muscle fibers. Prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays a role in various metabolic functions, but its specific involvement in oxidative fiber specification is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the functions of PROKR1 in muscle development to address metabolic disorders and muscular diseases. A meta-analysis revealed that the activation of PROKR1 upregulated exercise-responsive genes, particularly nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2). Further investigations using ChIP-PCR, luciferase assays, and pharmacological interventions demonstrated that PROKR1 signaling enhanced NR4A2 expression by Gs-mediated phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) in both mouse and human myotubes. Genetic and pharmacological interventions showed that the PROKR1-NR4A2 axis promotes the specification of oxidative muscle fibers in both myocytes by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic function. Prokr1-deficient mice displayed unfavorable metabolic phenotypes, such as lower lean mass, enlarged muscle fibers, impaired glucose, and insulin tolerance. These mice also exhibited reduced energy expenditure and exercise performance. The deletion of Prokr1 resulted in decreased oxidative muscle fiber composition and reduced activity in the Prokr1-CREB-Nr4a2 pathway, which were restored by AAV-mediated Prokr1 rescue. In summary, our findings highlight the activation of the PROKR1-CREB-NR4A2 axis as a mechanism for increasing the oxidative muscle fiber composition, which positively impacts overall metabolic function. This study lays an important scientific foundation for the development of effective muscular-metabolic therapeutics with unique mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongsoo Mok
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Jeong Hwan Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Su Chong Yeom
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Joonghoon Park
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vincenzi M, Kremić A, Jouve A, Lattanzi R, Miele R, Benharouga M, Alfaidy N, Migrenne-Li S, Kanthasamy AG, Porcionatto M, Ferrara N, Tetko IV, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Prokineticin Receptors in Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1167-1199. [PMID: 37684054 PMCID: PMC10595023 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The prokineticins (PKs) were discovered approximately 20 years ago as small peptides inducing gut contractility. Today, they are established as angiogenic, anorectic, and proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, hormones, and neuropeptides involved in variety of physiologic and pathophysiological pathways. Their altered expression or mutations implicated in several diseases make them a potential biomarker. Their G-protein coupled receptors, PKR1 and PKR2, have divergent roles that can be therapeutic target for treatment of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neural diseases as well as pain and cancer. This article reviews and summarizes our current knowledge of PK family functions from development of heart and brain to regulation of homeostasis in health and diseases. Finally, the review summarizes the established roles of the endogenous peptides, synthetic peptides and the selective ligands of PKR1 and PKR2, and nonpeptide orthostatic and allosteric modulator of the receptors in preclinical disease models. The present review emphasizes the ambiguous aspects and gaps in our knowledge of functions of PKR ligands and elucidates future perspectives for PK research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review provides an in-depth view of the prokineticin family and PK receptors that can be active without their endogenous ligand and exhibits "constitutive" activity in diseases. Their non- peptide ligands display promising effects in several preclinical disease models. PKs can be the diagnostic biomarker of several diseases. A thorough understanding of the role of prokineticin family and their receptor types in health and diseases is critical to develop novel therapeutic strategies with safety concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vincenzi
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Amin Kremić
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Appoline Jouve
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Roberta Lattanzi
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Rossella Miele
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Mohamed Benharouga
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Nadia Alfaidy
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Stephanie Migrenne-Li
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Marimelia Porcionatto
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Napoleone Ferrara
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Igor V Tetko
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Regenerative Nanomedicine (UMR 1260), INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Center of Research in Biomedicine of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (M.V., A.K., A.J., L.D., C.G.N.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.V., R.L.), and Department of Biochemical Sciences "Alessandro Rossi Fanelli" (R.M.), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France (M.B., N.A.); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France (S.M.); Department of Physiology and Pharamacology, Center for Neurologic Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (A.G.K.); Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.A.P.); Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (N.F.); and Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany (I.V.T.); and BIGCHEM GmbH, Valerystr. 49, Unterschleissheim, Germany (I.V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tang T, Jiang G, Shao J, Wang M, Zhang X, Xia S, Sun W, Jia X, Wang J, Lai S. lncRNA MSTRG4710 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Preadipocytes through miR-29b-3p/IGF1 Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15715. [PMID: 37958699 PMCID: PMC10649235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a major global health issue, is increasingly associated with the integral role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in adipogenesis. Recently, we found that lncRNA-MSTRG4710 was highly expressed in the liver of rabbits fed a high-fat diet, but whether it is involved in lipid metabolism remains unclear. A series of experiments involving CCK-8, EDU, qPCR, and Oil Red O staining demonstrated that the overexpression of MSTRG4710 stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes while its knockdown inhibited these processes. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-29b-3p was a potential target gene of MSTRG4710, and IGF1 was a downstream target gene of miR-29b-3p. Luciferase reporter gene analysis and qPCR analysis confirmed that miR-29b-3p was a potential target gene of MSTRG4710, and miR-29b-3p directly targeted the 3'UTR of IGF1. The overexpression of miR-29b-3p was observed to regulate IGF1 protein and mRNA levels negatively. Additionally, a total of 414 known differentially expressed genes between the miR-29b-3p mimic, miR-29b-3p negative control (NC), siMSTRG4710, and siMSTRG4710-NC group were screened via transcriptome sequencing technology. The GO- and KEGG-enriched pathways were found to be related to lipid metabolism. The study also established that miR-29b-3p targets IGF1 to inhibit preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Notably, IGF1 knockdown significantly reduced preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, co-transfection of pcDNA3.1(+)-MSTRG4710 and mimics into rabbit preadipocytes revealed that the mimics reversed the promotional effect of pcDNA3.1(+)-MSTRG4710. In conclusion, these results uncover that MSTRG4710 positively regulated cell proliferation and adipogenesis by the miR-29b-3p/IGF1 axis. Our findings might provide a new target for studying adipogenesis in rabbit preadipocytes and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Genglong Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meigui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenqiang Sun
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (J.W.)
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (J.W.)
| | - Jie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (J.W.)
| | - Songjia Lai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhai J, Ma L, Chang Z, Yu T. Increased expression of prokineticin 2 and its receptor in endometrium of recurrent implantation failure patients decreased the expression of MMP9 important for decidualization. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:76. [PMID: 35501804 PMCID: PMC9059424 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00947-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that abnormalities in the decidualization process were closely related to recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a secreted protein with angiogenic and tissue remodeling functions but its role in the endometrium is unknown. METHODS PK2 levels and its receptor PKR1 mRNA and protein levels in mid-secretory endometrium from normal and RIF women were examined by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. The effects of PK2 were evaluated by overexpressed PK2 in immortalized endometrial T-HESC cells using lentivirus vector and found different expression of Matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) and lncRNA LUCAT1 by RNA-sequencing. The ability of PK2 to regulate LUCAT1 and MMP9 was verified in endometrial cells by real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Using endometrial biopsies from normal and RIF patients, we found increased expression of PK2, together with its receptor PKR1 in RIF patients. We then overexpressed PK2 in immortalized endometrial T-HESC cells using lentivirus vector and found decreased expression of Matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), and increased expression of lncRNA LUCAT1. We verified the ability of PK2 to stimulate LUCAT1 and decrease MMP9 in endometrial cells. We further demonstrated that increased expression of a long noncoding RNA LUCAT1 and decreased expression of MMP9 in endometrial biopsies of patients with RIF. Thus, we highlighted the important role of PK2 and its receptor PKR1 in decidualization and RIF. CONCLUSION Prokineticin 2 and its receptor are important in endometrium decidualization. PK2 may affect endometrial decidualization through the LUCAT1- MMP9 pathway, thereby affecting embryo implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhai
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Provincial Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases (Reproductive Medicine) Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linna Ma
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Provincial Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases (Reproductive Medicine) Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyin Chang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Provincial Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases (Reproductive Medicine) Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Provincial Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases (Reproductive Medicine) Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Identification of Regions Involved in the Physical Interaction between Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2 and Prokineticin Receptor 2. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030474. [PMID: 35327666 PMCID: PMC8946000 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2 (MRAP2) modulates the trafficking and signal transduction of several G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in the control of energy homeostasis, such as Prokineticin receptors (PKRs). They bind the endogenous ligand prokineticin 2 (PK2), a novel adipokine that has an anorexic effect and modulates thermoregulation and energy homeostasis. In the present work, we used biochemical techniques to analyze the mechanism of interaction of MRAP2 with PKR2 and we identified the specific amino acid regions involved in the complex formation. Our results indicate that MRAP2 likely binds to the N-terminal region of PKR2, preventing glycosylation and consequently the correct receptor localization. We also identified a C-terminal region of MRAP2 that is critical for the interaction with PKR2. Consequently, we analyzed the role of the prokineticin transduction system in the regulation of MRAP2 expression in tissues involved in the control of food intake: at the central level, in hypothalamic explants, and at the peripheral level, in adipocytes. We demonstrated the modulation of MRAP2 expression by the prokineticin transduction system.
Collapse
|
6
|
Identification and Characterization of a New Splicing Variant of Prokineticin 2. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020248. [PMID: 35207535 PMCID: PMC8876856 DOI: 10.3390/life12020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokineticin 2 (PROK2) is a secreted bioactive peptide that regulates a variety of biological responses via two GPCRs, the prokineticin receptors (PROKRs). The aim of this study was to characterize a new alternatively spliced product of the prok2 gene consisting of four exons. The 40-amino acid peptide, designated PROK2C, is encoded by exon 1 and exon 4, and its expression was detected in the hippocampus and spinal cord of mice. PROK2C was expressed in a heterologous system, Pichia pastoris, and its binding specificity to the amino-terminal regions of PROKR1 and PROKR2 was investigated by GST pull-down experiments. In addition, the introduction of the unnatural amino acid p-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine using amber codon suppression technology demonstrated the role of tryptophan at position 212 of PROKR2 for PROK2C binding by photoactivatable cross-linking. The functional significance of this new isoform was determined in vivo by nociceptive experiments, which showed that PROK2C elicits strong sensitization of peripheral nociceptors to painful stimuli. In order to analyze the induction of PROK2C signal transduction, STAT3 and ERK phosphorylation levels were determined in mammalian CHO cells expressing PROKR1 and PROKR2. Our data show by in vivo and in vitro experiments that PROK2C can bind and activate both prokineticin receptors.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lattanzi R, Miele R. Versatile Role of Prokineticins and Prokineticin Receptors in Neuroinflammation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1648. [PMID: 34829877 PMCID: PMC8615546 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prokineticins are a new class of chemokine-like peptides involved in a wide range of biological and pathological activities. In particular, prokineticin 2 (PK2), prokineticin receptor 1 (PKR1) and prokineticin receptor 2 (PKR2) play a central role in modulating neuroinflammatory processes. PK2 and PKRs, which are physiologically expressed at very low levels, are strongly upregulated during inflammation and regulate neuronal-glial interaction. PKR2 is mainly overexpressed in neurons, whereas PKR1 and PK2 are mainly overexpressed in astrocytes. Once PK2 is released in inflamed tissue, it is involved in both innate and adaptive responses: it triggers macrophage recruitment, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduction of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, it modulates the function of T cells through the activation of PKR1 and directs them towards a pro-inflammatory Th1 phenotype. Since the prokineticin system appears to be upregulated following a series of pathological insults leading to neuroinflammation, we will focus here on the involvement of PK2 and PKRs in those pathologies that have a strong underlying inflammatory component, such as: inflammatory and neuropathic pain, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, obesity, diabetes, and gastrointestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lattanzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Miele
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, CNR Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Noda K, Dufner B, Ito H, Yoshida K, Balboni G, Straub RH. Differential inflammation-mediated function of prokineticin 2 in the synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18399. [PMID: 34526577 PMCID: PMC8443611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a secreted protein involved in several pathological and physiological processes, including the regulation of inflammation, sickness behaviors, and circadian rhythms. Recently, it was reported that PK2 is associated with the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. However, the role of PK2 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA) remains unknown. In this study, we collected synovial tissue, plasma, synovial fluid, and synovial fibroblasts (SF) from RA and OA patients to analyze the function of PK2 using immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and tissue superfusion studies. PK2 and its receptors prokineticin receptor (PKR) 1 and 2 were expressed in RA and OA synovial tissues. PKR1 expression was downregulated in RA synovial tissue compared with OA synovial tissue. The PK2 concentration was higher in RA synovial fluid than in OA synovial fluid but similar between RA and OA plasma. PK2 suppressed the production of IL-6 from TNFα-prestimulated OA-SF, and this effect was attenuated in TNFα-prestimulated RA-SF. This phenomenon was accompanied by the upregulation of PKR1 in OA-SF. This study provides a new model to explain some aspects underlying the chronicity of inflammation in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Noda
- grid.411941.80000 0000 9194 7179Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Biopark I, Am Biopark 9, 93053 Regensburg, Germany ,grid.411898.d0000 0001 0661 2073Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bianca Dufner
- grid.411941.80000 0000 9194 7179Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Biopark I, Am Biopark 9, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Haruyasu Ito
- grid.411898.d0000 0001 0661 2073Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshida
- grid.411898.d0000 0001 0661 2073Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gianfranco Balboni
- grid.7763.50000 0004 1755 3242Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rainer H. Straub
- grid.411941.80000 0000 9194 7179Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Biopark I, Am Biopark 9, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Delen O, Uz YH. Protective effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate against methotrexate-induced testicular damage. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S164-S177. [PMID: 34340576 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211035674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced testicular damage in rats. Forty Wistar albino male rats were divided into equally four groups: Control group (saline solution, IP), PDTC group (100 mg/kg PDTC,IP, 10 days), MTX group (20 mg/kg MTX, IP, single dose, on the 6th day) and MTX + PDTC group (100 mg/kg PDTC, IP, 10 days and 20 mg/kg MTX, IP, single dose, on the 6th day). After 10 days, testicular tissues were excised for morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and prokineticin 2 (PK2) levels were determined. Body and testicular weights were measured. Testicular damage was assessed by histological evaluation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and PK2 immunoreactivities were evaluated by HSCORE. Body and testicular weights, serum FSH, LH, testosterone levels, seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelial thickness were significantly decreased in the MTX group. However, serum PK2 level, histologically damaged seminiferous tubules and interstitial field width were significantly increased. Additionally, there was an increase in NFkB and PK2 immunoreactivity, whereas there was a significant decrease in Nrf2 immunoreactivity. PDTC significantly improved hormonal, morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical findings. Taken together, we conclude that PDTC may reduce MTX-induced testicular damage via NFkB, Nrf2 and PK2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Delen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 64058Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Yesim H Uz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 64058Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hsu PY, Mammadova A, Benkirane-Jessel N, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Updates on Anticancer Therapy-Mediated Vascular Toxicity and New Horizons in Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:694711. [PMID: 34386529 PMCID: PMC8353082 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.694711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular toxicity is a frequent adverse effect of current anticancer chemotherapies and often results from endothelial dysfunction. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFi), anthracyclines, plant alkaloids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and radiation therapy evoke vascular toxicity. These anticancer treatments not only affect tumor vascularization in a beneficial manner, they also damage ECs in the heart. Cardiac ECs have a vital role in cardiovascular functions including hemostasis, inflammatory and coagulation responses, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis. EC damage can be resulted from capturing angiogenic factors, inhibiting EC proliferation, survival and signal transduction, or altering vascular tone. EC dysfunction accounts for the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction, atherothrombosis, microangiopathies, and hypertension. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on vascular toxicity leading to hypertension, microvascular rarefaction thrombosis and atherosclerosis, and affecting drug delivery. We also describe the potential therapeutic approaches such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-B and prokineticin receptor-1 agonists to maintain endothelial function during or following treatments with chemotherapeutic agents, without affecting anti-tumor effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Canan G. Nebigil
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, University of Strasbourg, FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de l'Université de Strasbourg), Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang C, Mok J, Seong Y, Lau HC, Kim D, Yoon J, Oh SW, Park TS, Park J. PROKR1 delivery by cell-derived vesicles restores the myogenic potential of Prokr1-deficient C2C12 myoblasts. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102448. [PMID: 34314870 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell-derived vesicles (CDVs) have been investigated as an alternative to exosomes. Here, we generated CDVs from Prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) overexpressing HEK293T cells using micro-extrusion. More than 60 billion PROKR1-enriched CDV (PROKR1Tg CDVs) particles with canonical exosome properties were recovered from 107 cells. With 25 μg/mL of PROKR1Tg CDVs, we observed delivery of PROKR1, significant reduction of apoptosis, and myotube formation in C2C12Prokr1-/- myoblasts that have lost their myogenic potential but underwent apoptosis following myogenic commitment. Expression levels of early and late myogenic marker genes and glucose uptake capacity were restored to equivalent levels with wild-type control. Furthermore, PROKR1Tg CDVs were accumulated in soleus muscle comparable to the liver without significant differences. Therefore, CDVs obtained from genetically engineered cells appear to be an effective method of PROKR1 protein delivery and offer promise as an alternative therapy for muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjuan Zhang
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsoo Mok
- Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Seong
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Chong Lau
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Kim
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Junsik Yoon
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wook Oh
- Biodrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sub Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghoon Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shao J, Pan T, Wang J, Tang T, Li Y, Jia X, Lai S. MiR-208b Regulates Rabbit Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060890. [PMID: 34207778 PMCID: PMC8228405 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gene regulation in animals by pairing with target gene mRNA. Many miRNAs are differentially expressed in the adipose tissue, often with conserved expression. In our study, we found that miR-208b expression was observed differently in the preadipocyte differentiation model. When miR-208b was overexpressed in the preadipocyte differentiation model, the overexpressed group displayed higher expression of PPARγ and FABP4—the markers of preadipocyte differentiation. Oil Red O staining revealed that the count of lipid droplets was increased in the overexpressed group. When the expression of miR-208b was inhibited, the above indicators showed an opposite trend. Moreover, results from both 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EDU) and cell counting kit (CCK) analysis showed that miR-208b promoted the proliferation of preadipocyte. Expression of gene CSNK2A2, a direct miR-208b target, was downregulated in the overexpressed group, providing a possible link to multiple signal pathways. Overall, our data indicate that miR-208b play a positive regulatory effect on the proliferation and differentiation of rabbit preadipocyte.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Ting Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Yanhong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xianbo Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Songjia Lai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Magnan C, Migrenne-Li S. Pleiotropic effects of prokineticin 2 in the control of energy metabolism. Biochimie 2021; 186:73-81. [PMID: 33932486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prokineticins are family of small proteins involved in many important biological processes including food intake and control of energy balance. The prokineticin 2 (PROK2) is expressed in several peripheral tissues and areas in the central nervous system. PROK2 activates G protein-coupled receptors, namely, prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) and prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2). Preclinical models exhibiting disturbances of the PROK2 pathway (at the level of PROK2 or its receptors) are characterized by changes in food intake, feeding behavior and insulin sensitivity related to a dysfunction of the energy balance control. In Humans, mutations of PROK2 and PROKR2 genes are associated to the Kallmann syndrome (KS) that affects both the hormonal reproductive axis and the sense of smell and may also lead to obesity. Moreover, plasma PROK2 concentration has been correlated with various cardiometabolic risk factors and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes knowledge on PROK2 structure, signaling and function focusing on its role in control of food intake and energy homeostasis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Jia Y, Yu X, Peng L, Mou C, Song Z, Chen D, Li X. Circulating Prokineticin 2 Levels Are Increased in Children with Obesity and Correlated with Insulin Resistance. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:6630102. [PMID: 33883996 PMCID: PMC8041561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6630102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prokineticin 2 (PK2) has been shown to regulate food intake, fat production, and the inflammation process, which play vital roles in the pathogenesis of obesity. The first aim of this study was to investigate serum PK2 levels in children with obesity and normal-weight children. The second aim was to compare the levels of PK2 between children with obesity, with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS Seventy normal-weight children and 91 children with obesity (22 with NAFLD) were recruited. Circulating PK2, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements related to adiposity, lipid profile, and insulin resistance were examined for all participants. RESULTS Serum PK2 was significantly higher in children with obesity than in the normal-weight controls. Circulating PK2 levels were not different between the patients with and without NAFLD. Circulating PK2 was positively correlated with BMI, BMI z-score, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Binary logistic regression revealed that the odds ratios for obesity were significantly elevated with increasing PK2. CONCLUSIONS PK2 was strongly associated with obesity, and it may also be related to metabolic disorders and insulin resistance. This trial is registered with ChiCTR2000038838.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yanjun Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Chunfeng Mou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Zhixin Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Delort L, Cholet J, Decombat C, Vermerie M, Dumontet C, Castelli FA, Fenaille F, Auxenfans C, Rossary A, Caldefie-Chezet F. The Adipose Microenvironment Dysregulates the Mammary Myoepithelial Cells and Could Participate to the Progression of Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:571948. [PMID: 33505957 PMCID: PMC7829501 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.571948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Overweight and obesity are now recognized as established risk factors for this pathology in postmenopausal women. These conditions are also believed to be responsible for higher recurrence and mortality rates. Reciprocal interactions have been described between adipose and cancer cells. An adipose microenvironment favors a greater proliferation of cancer cells, their invasion and even resistance to anti-cancer treatments. In addition, the chronic low-grade inflammation observed in obese individuals is believed to amplify these processes. Among the cell types present in the breast, myoepithelial cells (MECs), located at the interface of the epithelial cells and the stroma, are considered "tumor suppressor" cells. During the transition from ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive cancer, disorganization or even the disappearance of MECs is observed, thereby enhancing the ability of the cancer cells to migrate. As the adipose microenvironment is now considered as a central actor in the progression of breast cancer, our objective was to evaluate if it could be involved in MEC functional modifications, leading to the transition of in situ to invasive carcinoma, particularly in obese patients. Through a co-culture model, we investigated the impact of human adipose stem cells from women of normal weight and obese women, differentiated or not into mature adipocytes, on the functionality of the MECs by measuring changes in viability, apoptosis, gene, and miRNA expressions. We found that adipose cells (precursors and differentiated adipocytes) could decrease the viability of the MECs, regardless of the original BMI. The adipose cells could also disrupt the expression of the genes involved in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix and to amplify the expression of leptin and inflammatory markers. miR-122-5p and miR-132-3p could also be considered as targets for adipose cells. The metabolite analyses revealed specific profiles that may be involved in the growth of neoplastic cells. All of these perturbations could thus be responsible for the loss of tumor suppressor status of MECs and promote the transition from in situ to invasive carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Delort
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, ECREIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Juliette Cholet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, ECREIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Decombat
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, ECREIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Vermerie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, ECREIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Florence A Castelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Céline Auxenfans
- Banque de Tissus et de Cellules, Hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, ECREIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maftei D, Lattanzi R, Vincenzi M, Squillace S, Fullone MR, Miele R. The balance of concentration between Prokineticin 2β and Prokineticin 2 modulates the food intake by STAT3 signaling. BBA ADVANCES 2021; 1:100028. [PMID: 37082024 PMCID: PMC10074905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted bioactive peptide prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a potent adipokine and its central and peripheral administration reduces food intake in rodents. The pk2 gene has two splice variants, PK2 and PK2L (PK2 long form), which is cleaved into an active peptide, PK2β, that preferentially binds prokineticin receptor 1 (PKR1). We investigated the role of PK2β in the regulation of food intake. We demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of PK2β, in contrast to PK2, did not reduce food intake in mice. Exposure of hypotalamic explants to PK2, but not PK2β, induced phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK. We also evidenced that in adipocytes from PKR1 knock-out mice, a model of obesity, there were higher PK2β levels than PK2 inducing a decreased activation of STAT3 and ERK. Our results suggest that variations in PK2 and PK2β levels, due to modulation of pk2 gene splicing processes, affect food intake in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maftei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Lattanzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Corresponding author: Roberta Lattanzi, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer” Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Martina Vincenzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Squillace
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Fullone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli” and CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Miele
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli” and CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mok J, Park TS, Kim S, Kim D, Choi CS, Park J. Prokineticin receptor 1 ameliorates insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21179. [PMID: 33184929 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001641r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus may result from insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Prokineticin receptor 1 (Prokr1) improves metabolic phenotype in adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system; however, its effects on skeletal muscle have not been investigated. We investigated the Prokr1 signaling pathways and its metabolic function in murine myoblast, satellite cells, and their differentiated myotubes. We measured the expression levels of Prokr1 in the skeletal muscle of mice as well as human skeletal muscle cell-derived myotubes. Prokineticin 2 (PROK2), a ligand of PROKR1, induced calcium mobilization in a dose-dependent manner and altered the mRNA levels of 578 genes in PROKR1-overexpressed HEK293T cells. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes revealed that PROKR1 activated Gq-mediated PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in skeletal muscle cells. Prokr1 significantly activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in myotubes derived from C2C12 and satellite cells, regardless of the presence or absence of insulin. Prokr1 also promoted the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) into the plasma membrane. In palmitate-induced insulin-resistant myotubes, Prokr1 enhanced insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake. mRNA and protein levels of Prokr1 were significantly decreased in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice, and the amount of PROKR1 protein was significantly decreased in human skeletal muscle cell-derived myotubes under insulin resistance conditions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Prokr1 plays an important role in insulin sensitivity and is a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongsoo Mok
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sub Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhong Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongwon-gun, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehoon Kim
- Pharmacology Research Division, New Drug Discovery Center, Hyundai Pharm Co, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.,Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghoon Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Désaubry L, Kanthasamy AG, Nebigil CG. Prokineticin signaling in heart-brain developmental axis: Therapeutic options for heart and brain injuries. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105190. [PMID: 32937177 PMCID: PMC7674124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart and brain development occur simultaneously during the embryogenesis, and both organ development and injuries are interconnected. Early neuronal and cardiac injuries share mutual cellular events, such as angiogenesis and plasticity that could either delay disease progression or, in the long run, result in detrimental health effects. For this reason, the common mechanisms provide a new and previously undervalued window of opportunity for intervention. Because angiogenesis, cardiogenesis and neurogenesis are essential for the development and regeneration of the heart and brain, we discuss therein the role of prokineticin as an angiogenic neuropeptide in heart-brain development and injuries. We focus on the role of prokineticin signaling and the effect of drugs targeting prokineticin receptors in neuroprotection and cardioprotection, with a special emphasis on heart failure, neurodegenerativParkinson's disease and ischemic heart and brain injuries. Indeed, prokineticin triggers common pro-survival signaling pathway in heart and brain. Our review aims at stimulating researchers and clinicians in neurocardiology to focus on the role of prokineticin signaling in the reciprocal interaction between heart and brain. We hope to facilitate the discovery of new treatment strategies, acting in both heart and brain degenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Désaubry
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, UMR 1260, INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, UMR 1260, INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Audebrand A, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Targeting GPCRs Against Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Treatments. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 6:194. [PMID: 32039239 PMCID: PMC6993588 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel anticancer medicines, including targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have greatly improved the management of cancers. However, both conventional and new anticancer treatments induce cardiac adverse effects, which remain a critical issue in clinic. Cardiotoxicity induced by anti-cancer treatments compromise vasospastic and thromboembolic ischemia, dysrhythmia, hypertension, myocarditis, and cardiac dysfunction that can result in heart failure. Importantly, none of the strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity from anticancer therapies is completely safe and satisfactory. Certain clinically used cardioprotective drugs can even contribute to cancer induction. Since G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are target of forty percent of clinically used drugs, here we discuss the newly identified cardioprotective agents that bind GPCRs of adrenalin, adenosine, melatonin, ghrelin, galanin, apelin, prokineticin and cannabidiol. We hope to provoke further drug development studies considering these GPCRs as potential targets to be translated to treatment of human heart failure induced by anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Canan G. Nebigil
- Laboratory of CardioOncology and Therapeutic Innovation, CNRS, Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mortreux M, Foppen E, Denis RG, Montaner M, Kassis N, Denom J, Vincent M, Fumeron F, Kujawski-Lafourcade M, Andréelli F, Balkau B, Marre M, Roussel R, Magnan C, Gurden H, Migrenne-Li S. New roles for prokineticin 2 in feeding behavior, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: Studies in mice and humans. Mol Metab 2019; 29:182-196. [PMID: 31668389 PMCID: PMC6812023 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Prokineticin 2 (PROK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that plays a critical role in the rhythmicity of physiological functions and inhibits food intake. PROK2 is also expressed in the main olfactory bulb (MOB) as an essential factor for neuro-and morphogenesis. Since the MOB was shown to be strongly involved in eating behavior, we hypothesized that PROK2 could be a new target in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis, through its effects in the MOB. We also asked whether PROK2 could be associated with the pathophysiology of obesity, the metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Methods We assessed in wild type mice whether the expression of Prok2 in the MOB is dependent on the nutritional status. We measured the effect of human recombinant PROK2 (rPROK2) acute injection in the MOB on food intake and olfactory behavior. Then, using a lentivirus expressing Prok2-shRNA, we studied the effects of Prok2 underexpression in the MOB on feeding behavior and glucose metabolism. Metabolic parameters and meal pattern were determined using calorimetric cages. In vivo 2-deoxyglucose uptake measurements were performed in mice after intraperitoneally insulin injection. Plasmatic PROK2 dosages and genetic associations studies were carried out respectively on 148 and more than 4000 participants from the D.E.S.I.R. (Data from an Epidemiologic Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome) cohort. Results Our findings showed that fasting in mice reduced Prok2 expression in the MOB. Acute injection of rPROK2 in the MOB significantly decreased food intake whereas Prok2-shRNA injection resulted in a higher dietary consumption characterized by increased feeding frequency and decreased meal size. Additionally, Prok2 underexpression in the MOB induced insulin resistance compared to scrambled shRNA-injected mice. In the human D.E.S.I.R. cohort, we found a significantly lower mean concentration of plasma PROK2 in people with T2D than in those with normoglycemia. Interestingly, this decrease was no longer significant when adjusted for Body Mass Index (BMI) or calorie intake, suggesting that the association between plasma PROK2 and diabetes is mediated, at least partly, by BMI and feeding behavior in humans. Moreover, common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in PROK2 gene were genotyped and associated with incident T2D or impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), MetS, and obesity. Conclusions Our data highlight PROK2 as a new target in the MOB that links olfaction with eating behavior and energy homeostasis. In humans, plasma PROK2 is negatively correlated with T2D, BMI, and energy intake, and PROK2 genetic variants are associated with incident hyperglycemia (T2D/IFG), the MetS and obesity. Fasting alters prokineticin 2 (Prok2) expression in the main olfactory bulb (MOB). Acute injection of PROK2 into the MOB diminishes food intake. Partial deletion of MOB-Prok2 affects meal pattern and induces insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans is correlated with lower plasma PROK2 level. Polymorphisms of PROK2 gene associate with incident T2D and the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Mortreux
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Ewout Foppen
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël G Denis
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Mireia Montaner
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Nadim Kassis
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Denom
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Mylène Vincent
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMR-S 1138, Paris, France
| | | | - Fabrizio Andréelli
- Department of Diabetology, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1269, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, UMR-S 1018, University Paris-Sud, University Versailles Saint-Quentin, Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMR-S 1138, Paris, France; Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nutrition, APHP - Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMR-S 1138, Paris, France; Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nutrition, APHP - Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Hirac Gurden
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Migrenne-Li
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR8251, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gasser A, Chen YW, Audebrand A, Daglayan A, Charavin M, Escoubet B, Karpov P, Tetko I, Chan MWY, Cardinale D, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Prokineticin Receptor-1 Signaling Inhibits Dose- and Time-Dependent Anthracycline-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity Via Myocardial and Vascular Protection. JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY 2019; 1:84-102. [PMID: 34396166 PMCID: PMC8352030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated how different concentrations of doxorubicin (DOX) can affect the function of cardiac cells. This study also examined whether activation of prokineticin receptor (PKR)-1 by a nonpeptide agonist, IS20, prevents DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity in mouse models. Background High prevalence of heart failure during and following cancer treatments remains a subject of intense research and therapeutic interest. Methods This study used cultured cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and epicardium-derived progenitor cells (EDPCs) for in vitro assays, tumor-bearing models, and acute and chronic toxicity mouse models for in vivo assays. Results Brief exposure to cardiomyocytes with high-dose DOX increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting a detoxification mechanism via stabilization of cytoplasmic nuclear factor, erythroid 2. Prolonged exposure to medium-dose DOX induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, ECs, and EDPCs. However, low-dose DOX promoted functional defects without inducing apoptosis in EDPCs and ECs. IS20 alleviated detrimental effects of DOX in cardiac cells by activating the serin threonin protein kinase B (Akt) or mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Genetic or pharmacological inactivation of PKR1 subdues these effects of IS20. In a chronic mouse model of DOX cardiotoxicity, IS20 normalized an elevated serum marker of cardiotoxicity and vascular and EDPC deficits, attenuated apoptosis and fibrosis, and improved the survival rate and cardiac function. IS20 did not interfere with the cytotoxicity or antitumor effects of DOX in breast cancer lines or in a mouse model of breast cancer, but it did attenuate the decreases in left ventricular diastolic volume induced by acute DOX treatment. Conclusions This study identified the molecular and cellular signature of dose-dependent, DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity and provided evidence that PKR-1 is a promising target to combat cardiotoxicity of cancer treatments.
Collapse
Key Words
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EC, endothelial cell
- EDPC, epicardium-derived progenitor cell
- EF, ejection fraction
- FS, fractional shortening
- GPCR, G-protein–coupled receptor
- HAEC, human aortic endothelial cell
- HF, heart failure
- HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NRF2, nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (also known as NFE2L2)
- PECAM, platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule
- PKR1, prokineticin receptor-1 (also known as PROKR1)
- PKR1-KO, prokineticin receptor 1 knockout mice
- PROK1, prokineticin 1
- PROK2, prokineticin 2
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling
- breast cancer
- doxorubicin
- endothelial dysfunction
- epicardial progenitor cells
- heart failure
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Gasser
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anais Audebrand
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| | - Ayhan Daglayan
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| | - Marine Charavin
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| | - Brigitte Escoubet
- FRIM UMS37, Hospital Bichat assistance public-Paris Hospital, University of Paris Diderot, PRES Paris Cité, DHU FIRE, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
| | - Pavel Karpov
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Igor Tetko
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael W Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Daniela Cardinale
- Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, I.R.C.C.S., Milan Italy
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry, CNRS (FRE2033), Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Visceral white adipose tissue and serum proteomic alternations in metabolically healthy obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Cytokine 2018; 115:76-83. [PMID: 30472106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolically healthy obesity is characterized as a comorbidity-free obesity status, however the exact pathogenetic mechanisms implicated in its transition to unhealthy obesity have not yet been unveiled. Our aim was to investigate the effect of metabolic health on the proteomic profile both in serum and visceral fat of morbidly obese subjects. 28 patients undergoing bariatric surgery were prospectively enrolled. They were divided into two groups: metabolically healthy (MHO, n = 18) and unhealthy (MUO, n = 10) obese patients. 30 biomarkers were measured in serum and visceral adipose tissue with the use of targeted proteomic analysis (Luminex assays). TNF weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) (p = 0.043), TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) (p = 0.037), Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) (p = 0.04), Resistin (RETN) (p = 0.047), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (p = 0.011) and C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) (p = 0.022) were up-regulated in the MUO group in the visceral white adipose tissue. Moreover, C-C motif ligand-3 (CCL-3) (p = 0.056), Interleukin-20 (IL-20) (p = 0.04), Prokineticin-1 (PROK-1) (p = 0.028) and TWEAK (p = 0.016) were found to be suppressed in the serum of MHO group. Significant correlations between serum and adipose tissue levels of certain cytokines were also observed, while 16 biomarkers were associated with BMI. Our results indicate metabolic health substantially attenuates the expression of TWEAK, TRAIL, GDF-15, RETN, MMP-9 and ICTP expression locally, in the visceral white adipose tissue, and the expression of CCL-3, IL-20, PROK-1 and TWEAK in the peripheral blood. Intriguingly, different cytokines -except for TWEAK- are up-regulated in each site, suggesting that obesity is not a homogenous but a multi-dimensional disease.
Collapse
|
23
|
Negri L, Ferrara N. The Prokineticins: Neuromodulators and Mediators of Inflammation and Myeloid Cell-Dependent Angiogenesis. Physiol Rev 2018. [PMID: 29537336 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian prokineticins family comprises two conserved proteins, EG-VEGF/PROK1 and Bv8/PROK2, and their two highly related G protein-coupled receptors, PKR1 and PKR2. This signaling system has been linked to several important biological functions, including gastrointestinal tract motility, regulation of circadian rhythms, neurogenesis, angiogenesis and cancer progression, hematopoiesis, and nociception. Mutations in PKR2 or Bv8/PROK2 have been associated with Kallmann syndrome, a developmental disorder characterized by defective olfactory bulb neurogenesis, impaired development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, and infertility. Also, Bv8/PROK2 is strongly upregulated in neutrophils and other inflammatory cells in response to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor or other myeloid growth factors and functions as a pronociceptive mediator in inflamed tissues as well as a regulator of myeloid cell-dependent tumor angiogenesis. Bv8/PROK2 has been also implicated in neuropathic pain. Anti-Bv8/PROK2 antibodies or small molecule PKR inhibitors ameliorate pain arising from tissue injury and inhibit angiogenesis and inflammation associated with tumors or some autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Negri
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy ; and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Napoleone Ferrara
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy ; and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qureshi R, Kindo M, Boulberdaa M, von Hunolstein JJ, Steenman M, Nebigil CG. A Prokineticin-Driven Epigenetic Switch Regulates Human Epicardial Cell Stemness and Fate. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1589-1602. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Qureshi
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
| | - Michel Kindo
- Hospital of University of Strasbourg, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department; Hospital of University of Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - Mounia Boulberdaa
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
| | - Jean-Jacques von Hunolstein
- Hospital of University of Strasbourg, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department; Hospital of University of Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - Marja Steenman
- Institute of Thorax, INSERM, CNRS; University of Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
- Laboratory of Biomolecules (UMR7203), CNRS; Sorbonne University; Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Prokineticin receptor-1-dependent paracrine and autocrine pathways control cardiac tcf21 + fibroblast progenitor cell transformation into adipocytes and vascular cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12804. [PMID: 29038558 PMCID: PMC5643307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fat tissue volume and vascular dysfunction are strongly associated, accounting for overall body mass. Despite its pathophysiological significance, the origin and autocrine/paracrine pathways that regulate cardiac fat tissue and vascular network formation are unclear. We hypothesize that adipocytes and vasculogenic cells in adult mice hearts may share a common cardiac cells that could transform into adipocytes or vascular lineages, depending on the paracrine and autocrine stimuli. In this study utilizing transgenic mice overexpressing prokineticin receptor (PKR1) in cardiomyocytes, and tcf21ERT-creTM-derived cardiac fibroblast progenitor (CFP)-specific PKR1 knockout mice (PKR1tcf−/−), as well as FACS-isolated CFPs, we showed that adipogenesis and vasculogenesis share a common CFPs originating from the tcf21+ epithelial lineage. We found that prokineticin-2 is a cardiomyocyte secretome that controls CFP transformation into adipocytes and vasculogenic cells in vivo and in vitro. Upon HFD exposure, PKR1tcf−/− mice displayed excessive fat deposition in the atrioventricular groove, perivascular area, and pericardium, which was accompanied by an impaired vascular network and cardiac dysfunction. This study contributes to the cardio-obesity field by demonstrating that PKR1 via autocrine/paracrine pathways controls CFP–vasculogenic- and CFP-adipocyte-transformation in adult heart. Our study may open up new possibilities for the treatment of metabolic cardiac diseases and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
26
|
MRAP2 regulates ghrelin receptor signaling and hunger sensing. Nat Commun 2017; 8:713. [PMID: 28959025 PMCID: PMC5620068 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is the only known circulating orexigenic hormone. It is primarily secreted by the stomach and acts at its receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a), in the hypothalamus to signal hunger and promote food intake. The melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) was previously shown to regulate energy homeostasis through the modulation of the activity of the melanocortin-4 receptor and prokineticin receptors. In this study we identify MRAP2 as a partner of ghrelin-GHSR1a signaling. We show that MRAP2 interacts with GHSR1a and potentiates ghrelin-stimulated signaling both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that in the absence of MRAP2, fasting fails to activate agouti-related protein neurons. In addition, we show that the orexigenic effect of ghrelin is lost in mice lacking MRAP2. Our results suggest that MRAP2 is an important modulator of the energy homeostasis machinery that operates through the regulation of multiple GPCRs throughout the hypothalamus.Melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) is an adaptor protein that contributes to melanocortin-4 receptor and prokineticin receptor 1 signalling. Here the authors show that MRAP2 also regulates ghrelin receptor signalling in the hypothalamus and starvation sensing in mice.
Collapse
|
27
|
Rouault AAJ, Srinivasan DK, Yin TC, Lee AA, Sebag JA. Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Proteins (MRAPs): Functions in the melanocortin system and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2462-2467. [PMID: 28499989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are regulated by numerous proteins including kinases, G-proteins, β-arrestins and accessory proteins. Several families of GPCR accessory proteins like Receptor Activity Modifying Proteins, Receptor Transporting Proteins and Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Proteins (MRAPs) have been identified as regulator of receptor trafficking, signaling and ligand specificity. The MRAP family contains two members, MRAP1 and MRAP2, responsible for the formation of a functional ACTH receptor and for the regulation of energy homeostasis respectively. Like all known GPCR accessory proteins, MRAPs are single transmembrane proteins, however, they form a unique structure since they assemble as an anti-parallel homodimer. Moreover, the accepted idea that MRAPs are specific regulators of melanocortin receptors was recently challenged by the discovery that MRAP2 inhibits the activity of prokineticin receptors. Recent studies are starting to explain the role of the unusual structure of MRAPs and to illustrate the importance of MRAP2 for the maintenance of both energy and glucose homeostasis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Melanocortin Receptors - edited by Ya-Xiong Tao.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alix A J Rouault
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Dinesh K Srinivasan
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Terry C Yin
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Abigail A Lee
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Julien A Sebag
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nebigil CG. Prokineticin Is a New Linker between Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:20. [PMID: 28447033 PMCID: PMC5388695 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a fast growing epidemic event worldwide. Fatness is associated with a number of comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Although obesity can be heredity in 30–70% cases, the environmental contributions also play an important role in the increasing prevalence of obesity. The relationship between development of obesity and CVD is poorly characterized. Obesity and CVD can also be resulted from a common mechanism such as metabolic, inflammatory, and neurohormonal changes. Prokineticins are defined as cytokines (immunoregulatory proteins), adipokines (adipocyte-secreted hormone), angiogenic (increasing vessel formation), or aneroxic (lowering food intake) hormones. Prokineticin-mediated signaling plays a key role in the development of obesity and CVD. Two forms of prokineticins exist in circulation and in various tissues including the brain, heart, kidney, and adipose. Prokineticins act on the two G protein-coupled receptors, namely, PKR1 and PKR2. Prokineticin-2 (PK2) via PKR1 receptor controls food intake and prevents adipose tissue expansion. The anti-adipocyte effect of PKR1 signaling is due to suppression of preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation capacity into adipocytes. PK2/PKR1 signaling promotes transcapillary passages of insulin and increases insulin sensitivity. It also plays an important role in the heart and kidney development and functions. Here, we discuss PK2 as a new adipocytokine in the association between obesity and CVD. We also highlight targeting PKR1 can be a new approach to treat obesity and CVD.
Collapse
|
29
|
Yuan Z, Liu E, Liu Z, Kijas JW, Zhu C, Hu S, Ma X, Zhang L, Du L, Wang H, Wei C. Selection signature analysis reveals genes associated with tail type in Chinese indigenous sheep. Anim Genet 2016; 48:55-66. [PMID: 27807880 DOI: 10.1111/age.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fat-tailed sheep have commercial value because consumers prefer high-protein and low-fat food and producers care about feed conversion rate. However, fat-tailed sheep still have some scientific significance, as the fat tail is commonly regarded as a characteristic of environmental adaptability. Finding the candidate genes associated with fat tail formation is essential for breeding and conservation. To identify these candidate genes, we applied FST and hapFLK approaches in fat- and thin-tailed sheep with available 50K SNP genotype data. These two methods found 6.24 Mb of overlapped regions and 43 genes that may associated with fat tail development. Gene annotation showed that HOXA11, BMP2, PPP1CC, SP3, SP9, WDR92, PROKR1 and ETAA1 may play important roles in fat tail formation. These findings provide insight into tail fat development and a guide for molecular breeding and conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Yuan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - E Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J W Kijas
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C Zhu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - S Hu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Ma
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Du
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - C Wei
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- Canan G Nebigil
- From the Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Arora H, Boulberdaa M, Qureshi R, Bitirim V, Gasser A, Messaddeq N, Dolle P, Nebigil CG. Prokineticin receptor-1 signaling promotes Epicardial to Mesenchymal Transition during heart development. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25541. [PMID: 27150455 PMCID: PMC4858698 DOI: 10.1038/srep25541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The epicardium plays an essential role in coronary artery formation and myocardial development. However, signals controlling the developing epicardium and epicardial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the normal and diseased adult heart are studied less rigorously. Here we investigated the role of angiogenic hormone, prokineticin-2 and its receptor PKR1 in the epicardium of developing and adult heart. Genetic ablation of PKR1 in epicardium leads to partial embryonic and postnatal lethality with abnormal heart development. Cardiac developmental defects are manifested in the adult stage as ischemic cardiomyopathy with systolic dysfunction. We discovered that PKR1 regulates epicardial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) for epicardial-derived progenitor cell (EPDC), formation. This event affects at least three consequential steps during heart development: (i) EPDC and cardiomyocyte proliferation involved in thickening of an outer compact ventricular chamber wall, (ii) rhythmicity, (iii) formation of coronary circulation. In isolated embryonic EPDCs, overexpression or activation of PKR1 alters cell morphology and EMT markers via activating Akt signaling. Lack of PKR1 signal in epicardium leads to defective heart development and underlies the origin of congenital heart disease in adult mice. Our mice provide genetic models for congenital dysfunction of the heart and should facilitate studies of both pathogenesis and therapy of cardiac disorders in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Arora
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Mounia Boulberdaa
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Rehana Qureshi
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Verda Bitirim
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Adeline Gasser
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Nadia Messaddeq
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS, UMR 7104 and INSERM Unité 964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Dolle
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS, UMR 7104 and INSERM Unité 964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Arora H, Boulberdaa M, Qureshi R, Bitirim V, Messadeq N, Dolle P, Nebigil CG. Prokineticin receptor 1 is required for mesenchymal-epithelial transition in kidney development. FASEB J 2016; 30:2733-40. [PMID: 27084889 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600181r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Identification of factors regulating renal development is important to understand the pathogenesis of congenital kidney diseases. Little is known about the molecular mechanism of renal development and functions triggered by the angiogenic hormone prokineticin-2 and its receptor, PKR1. Utilizing the Gata5 (G5)-Cre and Wilms tumor 1 (Wt1)(GFP)cre transgenic lines, we generated mutant mice with targeted PKR1 gene disruptions in nephron progenitors. These mutant mice exhibited partial embryonic and postnatal lethality. Kidney developmental defects in PKR(G5-/-) mice are manifested in the adult stage as renal atrophy with glomerular defects, nephropathy, and uremia. PKR1(Wt1-/-) embryos exhibit hypoplastic kidneys with premature glomeruli and necrotic nephrons as a result of impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis in Wt1(+) renal mesenchymal cells. PKR1 regulates renal mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) that is involved in formation of renal progenitors, regulating glomerulogenesis toward forming nephrons during kidney development. In the isolated embryonic Wt1(+) renal cells, overexpression or activation of PKR1 promotes MET defined by the transition from elongated cell to octagonal cell morphology, and alteration of the expression of MET markers via activating NFATc3 signaling. Together, these results establish PKR1 via NFATc3 as a crucial modifier of MET processing to the development of nephron. Our study should facilitate new therapeutic opportunities in human renal disorders.-Arora, H., Boulberdaa, M., Qureshi, R., Bitirim, V., Messadeq, N., Dolle, P., Nebigil, C. G. Prokineticin receptor 1 is required for mesenchymal-epithelial transition in kidney development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Arora
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; and
| | - Mounia Boulberdaa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; and
| | - Rehana Qureshi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; and
| | - Verda Bitirim
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; and
| | - Nadia Messadeq
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR 7104 and INSERM Unité 964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Dolle
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR 7104 and INSERM Unité 964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; and
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chaly AL, Srisai D, Gardner EE, Sebag JA. The Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2 promotes food intake through inhibition of the Prokineticin Receptor-1. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26829592 PMCID: PMC4786424 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2 (MRAP2) is an important regulator of energy homeostasis and its loss causes severe obesity in rodents. MRAP2 mediates its action in part through the potentiation of the MC4R, however, it is clear that MRAP2 is expressed in tissues that do not express MC4R, and that the deletion of MRAP2 does not recapitulate the phenotype of Mc4r KO mice. Consequently, we hypothesized that other GPCRs involved in the control of energy homeostasis are likely to be regulated by MRAP2. In this study we identified PKR1 as the first non-melanocortin GPCR to be regulated by MRAP2. We show that MRAP2 significantly and specifically inhibits PKR1 signaling. We also demonstrate that PKR1 and MRAP2 co-localize in neurons and that Mrap2 KO mice are hypersensitive to PKR1 stimulation. This study not only identifies new partners of MRAP2 but also a new pathway through which MRAP2 regulates energy homeostasis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12397.001 The brain plays a major role in controlling how much food animals eat. The nerve cells (neurons) involved in this process contain “receptors” that respond to cues from various parts of the body. For example, a receptor called PKR1 acts to limit food intake. The activities of PKR1 and other receptors are tightly regulated in cells, but it is not clear how this works. A protein called MRAP2 is known to regulate the activity of a receptor that regulates food intake and energy use in the brain. However, MRAP2 may also interact with other receptors to control food intake. Here, Chaly, Srisai et al. investigated whether MRAP2 can regulate the activity of PKR1 in animal cells and rodents. The experiments show that MRAP2 can interact with and inhibit the activity of PKR1. Furthermore, both MRAP2 and PKR1 can be found in the same neurons. Mutant mice that lack the gene that encodes MRAP2 have higher levels of PKR1 activity and eat less than normal mice when PKR1 is stimulated. Together the experiments suggest that MRAP2 can increase food intake by preventing PKR1 from being activated in the brain. The next steps are to find out if this protein regulates other receptors involved in the control of food intake, and to test whether PKR1 and MRAP2 also play a role in regulating energy usage. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12397.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Chaly
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Dollada Srisai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Ellen E Gardner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Julien A Sebag
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Fraternal Order of Eagle Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Because of its increasing prevalence and morbi-mortality, obesity is a major health problem. Obesity etiology includes a combination of excess dietary calories and decreased physical activity, coupled with either predisposing genetic factors or metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance. Adipose tissue secretes several metabolically important proteins known as 'adipokines' that play a major role in obesity and insulin resistance. High levels of a newly identified group of adipokines, called prokineticins, have been found in obese adipose tissues. Prokineticins are peptide hormones released principally from macrophages and reproductive organs. They act on the G protein-coupled receptors PKR1 and PKR2. This review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge of the role of prokineticins and their receptors in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. RECENT FINDINGS The principal biological effect of prokineticins in the central nervous system is the control of food intake. Nevertheless, peripheral biological effects of prokineticin are associated with increasing insulin sensitivity and suppressing the adipose tissue expansion. SUMMARY We outline the biological significance of the central and peripheral effects of prokineticins, and the potential of their receptors as targets for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance.
Collapse
|
35
|
Gasser A, Brogi S, Urayama K, Nishi T, Kurose H, Tafi A, Ribeiro N, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Discovery and cardioprotective effects of the first non-Peptide agonists of the G protein-coupled prokineticin receptor-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121027. [PMID: 25831128 PMCID: PMC4382091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokineticins are angiogenic hormones that activate two G protein-coupled receptors: PKR1 and PKR2. PKR1 has emerged as a critical mediator of cardiovascular homeostasis and cardioprotection. Identification of non-peptide PKR1 agonists that contribute to myocardial repair and collateral vessel growth hold promises for treatment of heart diseases. Through a combination of in silico studies, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacological profiling approaches, we designed, synthesized, and characterized the first PKR1 agonists, demonstrating their cardioprotective activity against myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Based on high throughput docking protocol, 250,000 compounds were computationally screened for putative PKR1 agonistic activity, using a homology model, and 10 virtual hits were pharmacologically evaluated. One hit internalizes PKR1, increases calcium release and activates ERK and Akt kinases. Among the 30 derivatives of the hit compound, the most potent derivative, IS20, was confirmed for its selectivity and specificity through genetic gain- and loss-of-function of PKR1. Importantly, IS20 prevented cardiac lesion formation and improved cardiac function after MI in mice, promoting proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells and neovasculogenesis. The preclinical investigation of the first PKR1 agonists provides a novel approach to promote cardiac neovasculogenesis after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Gasser
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Simone Brogi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Departments of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Kyoji Urayama
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Toshishide Nishi
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812–8582, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kurose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812–8582, Japan
| | - Andrea Tafi
- Departments of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nigel Ribeiro
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory (UMR7200), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory (UMR7200), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242), CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen J, Li L, Li Y, Liang X, Sun Q, Yu H, Zhong J, Ni Y, Chen J, Zhao Z, Gao P, Wang B, Liu D, Zhu Z, Yan Z. Activation of TRPV1 channel by dietary capsaicin improves visceral fat remodeling through connexin43-mediated Ca2+ influx. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:22. [PMID: 25849380 PMCID: PMC4340344 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased worldwide and has attracted rising attention, but the mechanism is still unclear. Previous studies revealed that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels take part in weight loss by enhancing intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, the potential mechanism of the effect of dietary capsaicin on obesity is not completely understood. Ca2+ transfer induced by connexin43 (Cx43) molecules between coupled cells takes part in adipocyte differentiation. Whether TRPV1-evoked alterations in Cx43-mediated adipocyte-to-adipocyte communication play a role in obesity is unknown. Materials and methods We investigated whether Cx43 participated in TRPV1-mediated adipocyte lipolysis in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and visceral adipose tissues from humans and wild-type (WT) and TRPV1-deficient (TRPV1-/-) mice. Results TRPV1 and Cx43 co-expressed in mesenteric adipose tissue. TRPV1 activation by capsaicin increased the influx of Ca2+ in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and promoted cell lipolysis, as shown by Oil-red O staining. These effects were deficient when capsazepine, a TRPV1 antagonist, and 18 alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA), a gap-junction inhibitor, were administered. Long-term chronic dietary capsaicin reduced the weights of perirenal, mesenteric and testicular adipose tissues in WT mice fed a high-fat diet. Capsaicin increased the expression levels of p-CaM, Cx43, CaMKII, PPARδ and HSL in mesenteric adipose tissues from WT mice fed a high-fat diet, db/db mice, as well as obese humans, but these effects of capsaicin were absent in TRPV1-/- mice. Long-term chronic dietary capsaicin decreased the body weights and serum lipids of WT mice, but not TRPV1-/- mice, fed a high-fat diet. Conclusion This study demonstrated that capsaicin activation of TRPV1-evoked increased Ca2+ influx in Cx43-mediated adipocyte-to-adipocyte communication promotes lipolysis in both vitro and vivo. TRPV1 activation by dietary capsaicin improves visceral fat remodeling through the up-regulation of Cx43.
Collapse
|
37
|
Brogi S, Tafi A, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Discovery of GPCR ligands for probing signal transduction pathways. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:255. [PMID: 25506327 PMCID: PMC4246677 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven integral transmembrane proteins that are the primary targets of almost 30% of approved drugs and continue to represent a major focus of pharmaceutical research. All of GPCR targeted medicines were discovered by classical medicinal chemistry approaches. After the first GPCR crystal structures were determined, the docking screens using these structures lead to discovery of more novel and potent ligands. There are over 360 pharmaceutically relevant GPCRs in the human genome and to date about only 30 of structures have been determined. For these reasons, computational techniques such as homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations have proven their usefulness to explore the structure and function of GPCRs. Furthermore, structure-based drug design and in silico screening (High Throughput Docking) are still the most common computational procedures in GPCRs drug discovery. Moreover, ligand-based methods such as three-dimensional quantitative structure–selectivity relationships, are the ideal molecular modeling approaches to rationalize the activity of tested GPCR ligands and identify novel GPCR ligands. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances for the computational approaches to effectively guide selectivity and affinity of ligands. We also describe novel approaches in medicinal chemistry, such as the development of biased agonists, allosteric modulators, and bivalent ligands for class A GPCRs. Furthermore, we highlight some knockout mice models in discovering biased signaling selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Brogi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), University of Siena Siena, Italy ; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Tafi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, UMR7200, CNRS/University of Strasbourg Illkirch, France
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Receptor Signaling and Therapeutic Innovations, GPCR and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Regulations, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, UMR 7242, CNRS/University of Strasbourg - LabEx Medalis Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|