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Fan P, Xue X, Hu J, Qiao Q, Yin T, Yang X, Chen X, Hou Y, Chen R. Ambient temperature and ambulatory blood pressure: An hourly-level, longitudinal panel study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160854. [PMID: 36521627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variations of blood pressure (BP) related to air temperature have been reported previously; however, no evidence is available regarding the association of hourly ambient temperature with ambulatory blood pressure. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal panel study among 1895 patients from an outpatient department who received repeated ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in Urumqi, China between July 2020 and December 2021. We obtained hourly ambient temperature from the nearest monitoring station to the residential address, and measured 4 ambulatory blood pressure indicators. Linear mixed-effect model combined with distributed lag models were applied to investigate the cumulative associations of hourly temperature with BP. RESULTS A total of 97,466 valid blood pressure measurements were evaluated. We observed almost linear and monotonically decreasing relationships between temperature and blood pressure. The effects occurred in the same hour, attenuated thereafter and became insignificant approximately 36 h. A 10 °C decrease in temperature was significantly associated with increments of 0.84 mmHg in systolic blood pressure, 0.56 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure, 1.38 mmHg in mean arterial pressure, and 0.66 mmHg in pulse pressure over lag 0 to 36 h. Stronger associations were found among patients of female sex, age between 18 and 65 years, overweight or obesity, minority, less education or in the cold season, as well as those without hypertension or with coronary heart disease, or did not take anti-hypertension medication. CONCLUSION Our study provides robust evidence that hourly ambient temperature is inversely associated with ambulatory blood pressure. It also highlights a linear relationship between decreased ambient temperature and elevated BP, which may have implications for the prevention and management of hypertension in susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Heart Function, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China; Department of Function, Bazhou people's Hospital, Korla, China
| | - Xiaowei Xue
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxia Qiao
- Department of Function, Bazhou people's Hospital, Korla, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- Department of Heart Function, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Department of Science and Education, Bazhou people's Hospital, Korla, China
| | - Xiyin Chen
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuemei Hou
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen Q, Wang Y, Tang HR, Wang Y, Gu AH, Zhai XJ, Zheng MM. Cumulative effects of temperature on blood pressure during pregnancy: A cohort study of differing effects in three trimesters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160143. [PMID: 36375544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the non-linear cumulative effects of temperature on blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy. We investigated the differing effects of daily ambient temperature on BP for up to 30 days in three trimesters. METHODS The first, second, and third trimester analyses included 2547, 2299, and 2011 pregnant women, respectively, from a prospective cohort in Nanjing from January 2017 to January 2020. BP was measured at each follow-up visit. The individual daily temperature exposures were calculated for 30 days prior to the follow-up date. The Distributed Lag Non-linear Model was used to investigate the relationship between temperature and BP in each trimester. RESULTS Temperatures under 15 °C elevate systolic, diastolic BP, and mean arterial pressure (SBP, DBP, and MAP) in the first trimester, while temperatures above 15 °C reduce SBP in the second and third trimesters. By using Distributed Lag Linear Models, we estimated that with a 1 °C decrease in daily temperature, the SBP and DBP increased by 0.32 (95 % CI: 0.12, 0.52) and 0.23 (95 % CI: 0.07, 0.39) mmHg, respectively, in the first trimester with a 20-day cumulative lag, while with a 1 °C increase in daily temperature, the SBP decreased by 0.23 (0.35, 0.10) mmHg in the third trimester with a 30-day cumulative lag. The significant effects of temperature mainly manifested between 2 and 4 weeks of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Temperature has different effects on BP over three trimesters. Protective measures to reduce cold-related BP rise will help reduce the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ya Wang
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum and Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Rong Tang
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum and Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum and Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ai-Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiang-Jun Zhai
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming-Ming Zheng
- Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum and Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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The association of ambient temperature variability with blood pressure in southern China. Blood Press Monit 2023; 28:33-41. [PMID: 36606477 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have shown a positive relationship between temperature variability and mortality, but few studies have investigated the effect of temperature variability on blood pressure (BP). We aimed to estimate the effect of temperature variability on BP in Guangdong Province, southern China. METHODS Data on meteorological factors were obtained from the Guangdong Meteorological Center, and BP was collected from a series of cross-sectional surveys conducted in Guangdong Province, China, from 2004 to 2015. There were 38 088 participants aged 18 years and over. A generalized additive model was used to estimate the association between temperature variability and BP after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS Our study found a significant positive association between temperature variability and SBP, and this effect increased with the increment of exposure days in total population. The highest estimate was for temperature variability at 7 days lag (TV 0-7 ) with a 0.497 (95% confidence interval, 0.335-0.660) mmHg rise of SBP for each 1°C increase of TV 0-7 . The effects of TV 0-1 and TV 0-2 on SBP were higher for hypertensives than that for normotensives, and in warm season higher than that in cold season. However, we did not observe statistical significance between temperature variability and DBP. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive association between temperature variability and SBP in Guangdong Province, which should be considered in clinical management and epidemiological survey of hypertension.
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Kinuta M, Hisamatsu T, Fukuda M, Taniguchi K, Komukai S, Nakahata N, Kanda H. Associations of indoor and outdoor temperatures and their difference with home blood pressure: The Masuda Study. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:200-207. [PMID: 36229531 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ambient temperature and blood pressure (BP) are closely related; however, few studies have examined the association of out-of-office BP with indoor or outdoor temperature. The effect of the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures on BP also remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of indoor and outdoor temperatures and their difference with home BP. We studied healthy 352 participants (mean age, 49.8 years; 46.0% women) from a population-based cohort using 2-year data on temperature and self-measured home BP. We measured home BP and indoor temperature at the same time in the morning and evening every day. Outdoor temperature during the same period was based on national data. We observed 82,900 home BP measurements in the morning and 66,420 in the evening. In the mixed-effects model adjusted for age, sex, and possible confounders, indoor temperature was inversely associated with systolic and diastolic BP in the morning and evening. A 1 °C increase in indoor temperature reduced systolic and diastolic BP by 0.37 and 0.22 mmHg, respectively, in the morning and by 0.45 and 0.30 mmHg, respectively, in the evening (all P-values<0.001). The magnitude of associations was stronger for indoor than outdoor temperature. Similarly, a 1 °C increase in indoor temperature above outdoor temperature decreased systolic and diastolic BP by 0.33 and 0.12 mmHg, respectively, in the morning and by 0.45 and 0.26 mmHg, respectively, in the evening independent of outdoor temperature (all P-values <0.001). In conclusion, controlling indoor temperature is important to stabilize home BP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Kinuta
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Hisamatsu
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Mari Fukuda
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaori Taniguchi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Izumo, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Sho Komukai
- Division of Biomedical Statistics, Department of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakahata
- Department of Health and Nutrition, The University of Shimane Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Khan MI, Rasheed Z. Ambient Temperature and Cardiac Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:82-92. [PMID: 37539936 PMCID: PMC10636793 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230804095744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study quantified the effect of cold or heat exposure of ambient temperature on the alteration of well-known cardiac markers. A meta-analysis was performed using the PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies on ambient temperature and cardiac biomarkers were retrieved from MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2000 to February 2022. The pooled effect sizes of ambient temperature on cardiac biomarkers c-reactive protein, soluble-cell adhesion-molecule-1, soluble-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1, total cholesterol, low-densitylipoprotein, interleukin-6, B-type-Natriuretic-Peptide; systolic/diastolic blood pressure were quantified using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 26 articles were included in the metaanalysis after screening the titles, abstracts and full texts. The pooled results for a 1°C decrease of ambient temperature showed an increase of 0.31% (95% CI= 0.26 to 0.38) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=99.2%; Cochran's Q=5636.8). In contrast, the pooled results for a 1°C increase in ambient temperature showed an increase of 2.03% (95% CI= 1.08 to 3.82) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=95.7%; Cochran's Q=235.2). In the cardiovascular (CV) population, the percent increase in cardiac biomarkers levels due to a decrease/increase in ambient temperature was greater. This study showed the decrease/increase in ambient temperature has a direct correlation with the alterations in cardiac biomarkers. These findings are useful for managing temperatureassociated cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail Khan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Buraidah, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Temperature, cardiovascular mortality, and the role of hypertension and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis in seasonal adversity: a narrative review. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:1035-1047. [PMID: 35618875 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental temperature is now well known to have a U-shaped relationship with cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality. Both heat and cold above and below an optimum temperature, respectively, are associated with adverse outcomes. However, cold in general and moderate cold specifically is predominantly responsible for much of temperature-attributable adversity. Importantly, hypertension-the most important CV risk factor-has seasonal variation such that BP is significantly higher in winter. Besides worsening BP control in established hypertensives, cold-induced BP increase also contributes to long-term BP variability among normotensive and pre-hypertensive patients, also a known CV risk factor. Disappointingly, despite the now well-stablished impact of temperature on BP and on CV mortality separately, direct linkage between seasonal BP change and CV outcomes remains preliminary. Proving or disproving this link is of immense clinical and public health importance because if seasonal BP variation contributes to seasonal adversity, this should be a modifiable risk. Mechanistically, existing evidence strongly suggests a central role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and secondarily, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis (RAAS) in mediating cold-induced BP increase. Though numerous other inflammatory, metabolic, and vascular perturbations likely also contribute, these may also well be secondary to cold-induced SNS/RAAS activation. This review aims to summarize the current evidence linking temperature, BP and CV outcomes. We also examine underlying mechanisms especially in regard to the SNS/RAAS axis, and highlight possible mitigation measures for clinicians.
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Lin Z, Yang L, Chen P, Wei T, Zhang J, Wang Y, Gao L, Zhang C, Zhao L, Wang Q, Wang H, Xu D. Short-term effects of personal exposure to temperature variability on cardiorespiratory health based on subclinical non-invasive biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:157000. [PMID: 35777570 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Growing literatures have explored the cardiorespiratory health effects of the daily temperature, but such effects of temperature variability remain unclear. We investigated the acute associations of personal levels of temperature variability with cardiorespiratory biomarkers. This is a panel study with four repeated measurements among forty eligible college students in Hefei, Anhui Province, China. We collected personal-level temperature data using temperature/humidity data loggers. Temperature variability parameters included diurnal temperature range (DTR), the standard-deviation of temperature (SDT) and temperature variability (TV). Cardiorespiratory health indicators included three BP parameters [systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and mean article pressure (MAP)], fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and four saliva biomarkers [C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, alpha-amylase and lysozyme]. Linear mixed-effect models were then used to assess the associations of temperature variability with these cardiorespiratory biomarkers. We found that short-term exposure to the three temperature variability parameters was associated with these cardiorespiratory biomarkers. The magnitude, direction and significance of these associations varied by temperature variability parameters, by biomarkers and by lags of exposure. Specifically, temperature variability parameters were inversely associated with BP and saliva lysozyme; positively associated with airway inflammation biomarkers (FeNO and saliva CRP) and stress response biomarkers (saliva cortisol and alpha-amylase). The results were robust to further control for air pollutants, and these associations were more prominent in females and in subjects with abnormal body mass index. Our findings suggested that acute exposure to temperature variability could significantly alter cardiorespiratory biomarker profiles among healthy young adults in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Lin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Liyan Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tian Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lingli Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qunan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Shinohara M, Iwashita M, Abe T, Takeuchi I. Association between post-extubation upper airway obstruction symptoms and airway size measured by computed tomography: a single-center observational study. BMC Emerg Med 2022; 22:55. [PMID: 35361111 PMCID: PMC8974026 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-022-00615-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Computed tomography (CT) is often performed to assess patients; however, little is known about how airway size measured by CT scan imaging might influence the occurrence of post-extubation upper airway obstruction. Methods This study aimed to evaluate the association between airway size measured by CT and the incidence of post-extubation upper airway obstruction symptoms for each sex. This single-center observational study was conducted at a tertiary emergency medical center/severe trauma center with a 12-bed intensive care unit. We enrolled consecutive adult patients (aged ≥ 20 years), who were intubated in the emergency room, between January 2016 and March 2019. Patients who underwent a CT scan of the glottic region within three hours before and after intubation were included in the analysis. For each sex, we first divided the patients into two groups: those who had post-extubation stridor, hoarseness, or both and those who had no such symptoms. Then, we compared the two groups using the Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were also performed. Results During the 39 months, 855 patients were enrolled in this study. A total of 217 patients underwent CT of the glottic region within three hours before and after intubation. Five patients had no records of symptoms after extubation. Thus, we analyzed data from 212 patients. This study included 144 males and 68 females. In female patients, the median [inter-quartile range] (average) of the transverse diameter of the glottis/endotracheal tube outer diameter (OD) ratio was smaller in patients with post-extubation upper airway obstruction symptoms than in patients without the symptoms (1.00 [1.00–1.00] (0.9572) vs. 1.00 [1.00–1.00] (1.00296), respectively; p = .013). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the glottis/tube OD ratio < 1 was associated with the symptoms in females (odds ratio: 95% confidence interval, 5.68: 1.04–30.97). There was no relation between the airway sizes and the symptoms in male patients. Conclusions In female patients, no gap between the endotracheal tube and the vocal codes or the glottic transverse diameter being smaller than the endotracheal tube OD on CT scan was associated with post-extubation upper airway obstruction symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafumi Shinohara
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center , Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Iwashita
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center , Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
| | - Takeru Abe
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center , Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center , Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan
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Khuvung K, Silva Gutierrez FAO, Reinhardt D. How Strigolactone Shapes Shoot Architecture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:889045. [PMID: 35903239 PMCID: PMC9315439 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.889045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite its central role in the control of plant architecture, strigolactone has been recognized as a phytohormone only 15 years ago. Together with auxin, it regulates shoot branching in response to genetically encoded programs, as well as environmental cues. A central determinant of shoot architecture is apical dominance, i.e., the tendency of the main shoot apex to inhibit the outgrowth of axillary buds. Hence, the execution of apical dominance requires long-distance communication between the shoot apex and all axillary meristems. While the role of strigolactone and auxin in apical dominance appears to be conserved among flowering plants, the mechanisms involved in bud activation may be more divergent, and include not only hormonal pathways but also sugar signaling. Here, we discuss how spatial aspects of SL biosynthesis, transport, and sensing may relate to apical dominance, and we consider the mechanisms acting locally in axillary buds during dormancy and bud activation.
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10
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Heitkam T, Schulte L, Weber B, Liedtke S, Breitenbach S, Kögler A, Morgenstern K, Brückner M, Tröber U, Wolf H, Krabel D, Schmidt T. Comparative Repeat Profiling of Two Closely Related Conifers ( Larix decidua and Larix kaempferi) Reveals High Genome Similarity With Only Few Fast-Evolving Satellite DNAs. Front Genet 2021; 12:683668. [PMID: 34322154 PMCID: PMC8312256 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.683668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic genomes, cycles of repeat expansion and removal lead to large-scale genomic changes and propel organisms forward in evolution. However, in conifers, active repeat removal is thought to be limited, leading to expansions of their genomes, mostly exceeding 10 giga base pairs. As a result, conifer genomes are largely littered with fragmented and decayed repeats. Here, we aim to investigate how the repeat landscapes of two related conifers have diverged, given the conifers' accumulative genome evolution mode. For this, we applied low-coverage sequencing and read clustering to the genomes of European and Japanese larch, Larix decidua (Lamb.) Carrière and Larix kaempferi (Mill.), that arose from a common ancestor, but are now geographically isolated. We found that both Larix species harbored largely similar repeat landscapes, especially regarding the transposable element content. To pin down possible genomic changes, we focused on the repeat class with the fastest sequence turnover: satellite DNAs (satDNAs). Using comparative bioinformatics, Southern, and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we reveal the satDNAs' organizational patterns, their abundances, and chromosomal locations. Four out of the five identified satDNAs are widespread in the Larix genus, with two even present in the more distantly related Pseudotsuga and Abies genera. Unexpectedly, the EulaSat3 family was restricted to L. decidua and absent from L. kaempferi, indicating its evolutionarily young age. Taken together, our results exemplify how the accumulative genome evolution of conifers may limit the overall divergence of repeats after speciation, producing only few repeat-induced genomic novelties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Heitkam
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Schulte
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Beatrice Weber
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susan Liedtke
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Breitenbach
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Kögler
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristin Morgenstern
- Institute of Forest Botany and Forest Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | | | - Ute Tröber
- Staatsbetrieb Sachsenforst, Pirna, Germany
| | - Heino Wolf
- Staatsbetrieb Sachsenforst, Pirna, Germany
| | - Doris Krabel
- Institute of Forest Botany and Forest Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Turner ME, White CA, Taylor SM, Neville K, Rees-Milton K, Hopman WM, Adams MA, Anastassiades T, Holden RM. Secreted Phosphoprotein 24 is a Biomarker of Mineral Metabolism. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:354-363. [PMID: 33481052 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 24 kD form of secreted phosphoprotein (SPP-24), a cytokine-binding bone matrix protein with various truncated C-terminal products, is primarily synthesized by the liver. SPP-24 shares homology with fetuin-A, a potent vascular and soft tissue calcification inhibitor and SPP-24 is one component of calciprotein particles (CPPs), a circulating fetuin-mineral complex. The limited molecular evidence to date suggests that SPP-24 may also function as an inhibitor of bone formation and ectopic vascular calcification, potentially through bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) and Wnt-signaling mediated actions. The C-terminal products of SPP-24 bind to BMP-2 and attenuate BMP-2-induced bone formation. The aim of this study was to assess circulating SPP-24 in relation to kidney function and in concert with markers of mineral metabolism in humans. SPP-24 was measured in the serum of total of 192 subjects using ELISA-based measurements. Subjects were participants of one of two cohorts: (1) mGFR Cohort (n = 80) was participants of a study of measured GFR (mGFR) using inulin urinary clearance, recruited mostly from a chronic kidney disease clinic with low-range kidney function (eGFR 38.7 ± 25.0 mL/min/1.73 m2) and (2) CaMOS Cohort (n = 112) was a subset of randomly selected, community-dwelling participants of year 10 of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study with eGFR in the normal range of 75.0 ± 15.9 mL/min/1.73 m2. In the combined cohort, the mean SPP-24 was 167.7 ± 101.1 ng/mL (range 33.4-633.6 ng/mL). The mean age was 66.5 ± 11.3, 57.1% female and mean eGFR (CKD-EPI) was 59.9 ± 27.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 (range 8-122 mL/min/1.73 m2). There was a strong inverse correlation between SPP-24 and eGFR (R = - 0.58, p < 0.001) that remained after adjustment for age. Following adjustment for age, eGFR, and sex, SPP-24 was significantly associated with phosphate (R = - 0.199), PTH (R = 0.298), and the Wnt-signaling inhibitor Dickkopf-related protein 1 (R = - 0.156). The results of this study indicate that SPP-24 is significantly altered by kidney function and is the first human data linking levels of SPP-24 to other biomarkers involved in mineral metabolism. Whether there is a role for circulating SPP-24 in bone formation and ectopic mineralization requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy E Turner
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Christine A White
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Sarah M Taylor
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Kathryn Neville
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Karen Rees-Milton
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Wilma M Hopman
- KGH Research Institute, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Michael A Adams
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Tassos Anastassiades
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada
| | - Rachel M Holden
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3V6, Canada.
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Costa IN, Ribeiro M, Silva Franco P, da Silva RJ, de Araújo TE, Milián ICB, Luz LC, Guirelli PM, Nakazato G, Mineo JR, Mineo TWP, Barbosa BF, Ferro EAV. Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Can Control Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Both Human Trophoblast Cells and Villous Explants. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:623947. [PMID: 33552033 PMCID: PMC7858645 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.623947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine plus folinic acid is the conventional treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis. However, this classical treatment presents teratogenic effects and bone marrow suppression. In this sense, new therapeutic strategies are necessary to reduce these effects and improve the control of infection. In this context, biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNp-Bio) appear as a promising alternative since they have antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiparasitic activity. The purpose of this study to investigate the action of AgNp-Bio in BeWo cells, HTR-8/SVneo cells and villous explants and its effects against Toxoplasma gondii infection. Both cells and villous explants were treated with different concentrations of AgNp-Bio or combination of sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine (SDZ + PYZ) in order to verify the viability. After, cells and villi were infected and treated with AgNp-Bio or SDZ + PYZ in different concentrations to ascertain the parasite proliferation and cytokine production profile. AgNp-Bio treatment did not reduce the cell viability and villous explants. Significant reduction was observed in parasite replication in both cells and villous explants treated with silver nanoparticles and classical treatment. The AgNp-Bio treatment increased of IL-4 and IL-10 by BeWo cells, while HTR8/SVneo cells produced macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and IL-4. In the presence of T. gondii, the treatment induced high levels of MIF production by BeWo cells and IL-6 by HTR8SV/neo. In villous explants, the AgNp-Bio treatment downregulated production of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8 after infection. In conclusion, AgNp-Bio can decrease T. gondii infection in trophoblast cells and villous explants. Therefore, this treatment demonstrated the ability to reduce the T. gondii proliferation with induction of inflammatory mediators in the cells and independent of mediators in chorionic villus which we consider the use of AgNp-Bio promising in the treatment of toxoplasmosis in BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cell models and in chorionic villi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idessania Nazareth Costa
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mayara Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Priscila Silva Franco
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rafaela José da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Thádia Evelyn de Araújo
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Iliana Claudia Balga Milián
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luana Carvalho Luz
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Mendonça Guirelli
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Tiago W. P. Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Bellisa Freitas Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate: a series of cross-sectional studies in Guangdong Province, China. J Hypertens 2020; 39:911-918. [PMID: 33273194 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown negative relationships between ambient temperature and blood pressure (BP). However, few studies estimated temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate in different population. OBJECTIVE To estimate the effects of temperature on BP, and further calculate temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate. METHODS Meteorological and BP data in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected. There were 31 351 participants aged 18 years and over. Based on 2018 European society Arterial Hypertension Guidelines, participants were divided into normotensive patients (n = 23 046), known hypertensive patients (n = 2807), and newly detected hypertensive patients (n = 5498). We first used generalized additive model to establish the nonlinear relationship between daily mean temperature and BP, and then calculated the linear effects of temperature on BP among populations with different hypertension status. Finally, we calculated the temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate. RESULTS Generally, there is an inverse relationship between temperature and BP. For a 1 °C increase in temperature, the decreased SBPs for normotensive patients, newly detected hypertensive patients, and known hypertensive patients were 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.40, -0.33] mmHg, 0.21 (95% CI: -0.32, -0.10) mmHg and 0.81 (95% CI: -1.02, -0.59) mmHg, while reduced DBPs were 0.19 (95% CI: -0.21, -0.16) mmHg, 0.01 (95% CI: -0.06,0.08) mmHg, and 0.44 (95% CI: -0.56, -0.32) mmHg, respectively. At 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C, the hypertension prevalence rates were 32.5, 29.7, 27.7, 26.0, and 25.0%, respectively, and the control rates were 12.0, 17.5, 23.5, 30.1, and 37.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION Low temperature increased BP for all populations, especially for known hypertensive patients, which makes hypertension prevalence increase and control rate decrease if temperature reduce. Our findings suggest that temperature should be considered in hypertension clinic management and epidemiological survey.
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Yokomizo T, Takahashi Y. Changes in transcriptomic response to salinity stress induce the brackish water adaptation in a freshwater snail. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16049. [PMID: 32994494 PMCID: PMC7524832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the mechanisms of the establishment of a population in a novel environment allows us to examine the process of local adaptations and subsequent range expansion. In a river system, detecting genetic or phenotypic differences between a freshwater and brackish water population could contribute to our understanding of the initial process of brackish water adaptation. Here, we investigated behavioural and gene expression responses to salt water in a freshwater and brackish water population of the freshwater snail, Semisulcospira reiniana. Although the individuals in brackish water exhibited significantly higher activity in saltwater than freshwater individuals just after sampling, the activity of freshwater individuals had increased in the second observation after rearing, suggesting that their salinity tolerance was plastic rather than genetic. We found 476 and 1002 differentially expressed genes across salinity conditions in the freshwater and brackish water populations, respectively. The major biological process involved in the salinity response of the freshwater population was the biosynthesis and metabolic processing of nitrogen-containing compounds, but that of the brackish water population was influenced by the chitin metabolic process. These results suggest that phenotypic plasticity induces adaptation to brackish water in the freshwater snail by modifying its physiological response to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yokomizo
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuma Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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15
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The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019). Hypertens Res 2020; 42:1235-1481. [PMID: 31375757 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 989] [Impact Index Per Article: 247.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Zheng S, Zhu W, Wang M, Shi Q, Luo Y, Miao Q, Nie Y, Kang F, Mi X, Bai Y. The effect of diurnal temperature range on blood pressure among 46,609 people in Northwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138987. [PMID: 32428804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of studies have found a positive association between diurnal temperature range (DTR) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) incidence and mortality. Few studies regarding the effects of DTR on blood pressure (BP) are available. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of DTR on BP in Jinchang, northwestern China. METHODS Based on a prospective cohort research, a total of 46,609 baseline survey data were collected from 2011 to 2015. The meteorological observation data and environmental monitoring data were collected in the same period. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to estimate the relationship between DTR and BP after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS Our study found that there was a positive linear correlation between DTR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and plus pressure (PP), and a negative linear correlation between DTR and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). With a 1 °C increase of DTR, SBP and PP increased 0.058 mmHg (95%CI: 0.018-0.097) and 0.114 mmHg (95%CI: 0.059-0.168) respectively, and DBP decreased 0.039 mmHg (95%CI:-0.065 ~ -0.014). There was a significant interaction between season and DTR on SBP and PP. DTR had the greatest impact on SBP and PP in hot season. The association between DTR and BP varied significantly by education level. CONCLUSION There was a significant association between DTR and BP in Jinchang, an area with large temperature change at high altitudes in northwestern China. These results provide new evidence that DTR is an independent risk factor for BP changes among general population. Therefore, effective control and management of BP in the face of temperature changes can help prevent CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zheng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China.
| | - Wenzhi Zhu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Minzhen Wang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
| | - Yonghong Nie
- Jinchang Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Jinchang 737100, China
| | - Feng Kang
- Workers' Hospital of Jinchuan Group Co., Ltd., Jinchang 737103, China
| | - Xiuying Mi
- Jinchang Meteorological Service, Jinchang 737100, China
| | - Yana Bai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China
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Multilevel Analysis of 24-Hour Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Associated Factors among Police Officers in Hanoi, Vietnam. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7494906. [PMID: 32550233 PMCID: PMC7255014 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7494906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to long-hour outdoor working environment, policemen have been subjected to tremendous health risks including blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In tropical countries, the temperature is extremely harsh which may get peak at above 40 Celsius degrees or drops under 8 Celsius degrees. However, the existing data on the effects of weather variation on BP and HR among police task force has been scarce in Vietnam. Aims This study aimed to describe the variation of 24-hour BP and HR and identify factors associated with BP and HR for further appropriate interventions in order to reduce health risks from occupational exposure. Methods Multilevel regression analysis (MLRA) was applied with two levels of influent factors. 24-hour holter measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HR values were the first level which should then be nested in the second level (individual). 24-hour temperature and humidity variations were extracted, respectively, from Hanoi Hydrometeorology Department. All individual characteristics and risk behaviours were measured within 24 studying hours. Results Temperature and humidity were major factors that influenced (74%-78%) the variation of BP and HR among the policemen population. When each of the Celsius degree temperature or percentage humidity increases, the SBP goes down by 0.44 (0.11-0.77) and by 0.2 (0.33-0.77), respectively, and the DBP goes down by 0.21 (-0.05-0.48) and by 0.12 (0.02-0.22), respectively, and vice versa. Interaction between temperature and humidity was significantly influent to SBP. The farther the time section from the first time section (0-6AM) the more the variation of the BP and HR. Transition from winter to summer made SBP and DBP decrease and vice versa. Individual characteristics including body mass index (BMI), bad life styles, and stress contributed 22% to 26% to the variation of BP and HR. Traffic policemen were at the greatest risks of the outdoor ambient variation in comparison with the firefighters and office-based policemen. Conclusion Designing and equipping appropriate uniform and outdoor facilities could help to reduce influence of temperature and humidity variation in the outdoor workplace. Besides, training and educating programs that aimed at controlling BMI, risk behaviours, and stress for police taskforce, especially the traffic policemen, should be implemented.
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'My blood pressure is low today, do you have the heating on?' The association between indoor temperature and blood pressure. J Hypertens 2020; 37:504-512. [PMID: 30134311 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The independent association of indoor temperature with blood pressure (BP) is poorly understood and is not routinely considered in hypertension diagnosis or research. Questions remain as to whether the effect of indoor temperature on BP is confounded or modified by other factors. METHODS This study used data from the Health Survey for England 2014, consisting of 4659 community-dwelling adults aged 16 years and over, interviewed from January to December. Multivariable regression models were used to determine whether indoor temperature was related to levels of BP, and whether these relationships were confounded by other factors, including mean monthly outdoor temperature. RESULTS After controlling for confounding variables, a 1°C decrease in indoor temperature was associated with rises of 0.48 mmHg (95% confidence interval: -0.72 to -0.25) in SBP and 0.45 mmHg (95% confidence interval: -0.63 to -0.27) in DBP. The magnitude of association of indoor temperature with DBP and SBP was modified by physical activity. The indoor temperature-BP relationship was stronger in people who do not take physical activity regularly than people who exercise regularly. CONCLUSION The size of the independent association between indoor temperature and BP suggests it should be considered in the clinical management of hypertension and in hypertension research. Room temperature should also be considered as a modifiable risk factor in hypertension-related mortality and morbidity.
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Examination of seasonal variations in the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2019.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Wandai ME, Norris SA, Aagaard-Hansen J, Manda SO. Geographical influence on the distribution of the prevalence of hypertension in South Africa: a multilevel analysis. Cardiovasc J Afr 2019; 31:47-54. [PMID: 31544203 PMCID: PMC8762766 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2019-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a response to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases, the South African government has set targets to reduce the prevalence of people with raised blood pressure, through lifestyle changes and medication, by 20% by the year 2020. It has also recognised that the prevalence varies at local administrative level. The study aim was to determine the geographical variation by district of the prevalence of hypertension among South African adults aged 15 years and above. METHODS Data from all five waves of the National income Dynamics Study, a panel survey, were used for estimation by both design-based and multilevel analysis methods. In the multilevel analysis, a three-level hierarchy was used with panel participants in the first level, repeated measurements on patients in the second level, and districts in the third level. RESULTS After accounting for demographic, behavioural, socio-economic and environmental factors, significant variation remained in the prevalence of hypertension at the district level. Districts with higher-than-average prevalence were found mostly in the south-western part of the country, while those with a prevalence below average were found in the northern area. Age, body mass index and race were the individual factors found to have a strong effect on hypertension prevalence for this sample. CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences in hypertension prevalence between districts and therefore the method of analysis and the results could be useful for more targeted preventative and control programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchiri E Wandai
- MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Shane A Norris
- MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jens Aagaard-Hansen
- MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Centre, Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Samuel O Manda
- Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Yoon EJ, Lee H, Kim D, Shin JH, Shin JH, Jeong SH. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Blood Isolates Harboring a Novel Pseudo-staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Element. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:540. [PMID: 30984124 PMCID: PMC6450365 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess a novel pseudo-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (ΨSCCmec) element in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) blood isolates. Community-associated MRSA E16SA093 and healthcare-associated MRSA F17SA003 isolates were recovered from the blood specimens of patients with S. aureus bacteremia in 2016 and in 2017, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined via the disk diffusion method, and SCCmec typing was conducted by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Whole genome sequencing was carried out by single molecule real-time long-read sequencing. Both isolates belonged to sequence type 72 and agr-type I, and they were negative for Panton-Valentine leukocidin and toxic shock syndrome toxin. The spa-types of E16SA093 and F17SA003 were t324 and t2460, respectively. They had a SCCmec IV-like element devoid of the cassette chromosome recombinase (ccr) gene complex, designated as ΨSCCmecE16SA093. The element was manufactured from SCCmec type IV and the deletion of the ccr gene complex and a 7.0- and 31.9-kb portion of each chromosome. The deficiency of the ccr gene complex in the SCCmec unit is likely resulting in mobility loss, which would be an adaptive evolutionary mechanism. The dissemination of this clone should be monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jeong Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hee Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seok Hoon Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ghosh T, Beniwal A, Semwal A, Navani NK. Mechanistic Insights Into Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated With Ethnic Fermented Dairy Products. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:502. [PMID: 30972037 PMCID: PMC6444180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes and their metabolites maintain the health and homeostasis of the host by communicating with the host via various biochemical and physical factors. Changing lifestyle, chronic intake of foods rich in refined carbohydrates and fats have caused intestinal dysbiosis and other lifestyle-based diseases. Thus, supplementation with probiotics has gained popularity as biotherapies for improving gut health and treating disorders. Research shows that probiotic organisms enhance gastrointestinal health, immunomodulation, generation of essential micronutrients, and prevention of cancer. Ethnically fermented milk and dairy products are hotspots for novel probiotic organisms and bioactive compounds. These ethnic fermented foods have been traditionally prepared by indigenous populations, and have preserved unique microflora for ages. To apply these unique microflora for amelioration of human health, it is important that probiotic properties of the bacterial species are well studied. Majority of the published research and reviews focus on the probiotic organisms and their properties, fermented food products, isolation techniques, and animal studies with their health pathologies. As a consequence, there is a dearth of information about the underlying molecular mechanism behind probiotics associated with ethnically prepared dairy foods. This review is targeted at stimulating research on understanding these mechanisms of bacterial species and beneficial attributes of ethnically fermented dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naveen Kumar Navani
- Chemical Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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Huang CC, Chen YH, Hung CS, Lee JK, Hsu TP, Wu HW, Chuang PY, Chen MF, Ho YL. Assessment of the Relationship Between Ambient Temperature and Home Blood Pressure in Patients From a Web-Based Synchronous Telehealth Care Program: Retrospective Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e12369. [PMID: 30829574 PMCID: PMC6421515 DOI: 10.2196/12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased ambient temperature significantly increases office blood pressure, but few studies have evaluated the effect of ambient temperature on home blood pressure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term ambient temperature exposure and home blood pressure. METHODS We recruited patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases from a telehealth care program at a university-affiliated hospital. Blood pressure was measured at home by patients or their caregivers. We obtained hourly meteorological data for Taipei (temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) for the same time period from the Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan. RESULTS From 2009 to 2013, we enrolled a total of 253 patients. Mean patient age was 70.28 (SD 13.79) years, and 66.0% (167/253) of patients were male. We collected a total of 110,715 home blood pressure measurements. Ambient temperature had a negative linear effect on all 3 home blood pressure parameters after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors and antihypertensive agents. A 1°C decrease was associated with a 0.5492-mm Hg increase in mean blood pressure, a 0.6841-mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure, and a 0.2709-mm Hg increase in diastolic blood pressure. This temperature effect on home blood pressure was less prominent in patients with diabetes or hypertension. Antihypertensive agents modified this negative effect of temperature on home blood pressure to some extent, and angiotensin receptor blockers had the most favorable results. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to low ambient temperature significantly increased home blood pressure in patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases. Antihypertensive agents may modify this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chang Huang
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Chen
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Hung
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kuang Lee
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Pin Hsu
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Wu
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yu Chuang
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fong Chen
- Telehealth Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lwun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Xu D, Zhang Y, Wang B, Yang H, Ban J, Liu F, Li T. Acute effects of temperature exposure on blood pressure: An hourly level panel study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 124:493-500. [PMID: 30685451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epidemiological studies have shown that blood pressure changes with temperature based on the daily temperature and linear relationship assumption. However, little is known about the true curve shape of the relationship between temperature and blood pressure. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the non-linear relationship between hourly temperature and blood pressure. METHODS This is a prospective panel study comprising 100 participants in Suzhou, China. The blood pressure of each participant was measured >50 times between October 2013 and January 2016. Hourly temperature data were derived from the nearest monitoring station owned by the China Meteorological Administration. A Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model (DLNM) was used to investigate the relationship between hourly temperature and blood pressure. RESULTS We found that the relationship between hourly temperature and blood pressure was parabolic. Short-term exposure to hourly temperatures had significant cold and heat effects on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). The hourly temperature had a significant lag effect on blood pressure, with a lag time of 0-5 h. Alcohol users were more sensitive to the cold effects of hourly temperature, and the diabetic population was more sensitive to the heat effects of hourly temperature on PP. CONCLUSION Temperature imparts short-term effects on blood pressure. Therefore, timely protective measures during cold waves or cold weather are beneficial to maintain stable blood pressure levels to reduce the risk of blood pressure related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haibing Yang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Ban
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Angelini V, Daly M, Moro M, Navarro Paniagua M, Sidman E, Walker I, Weldon M. The effect of the Winter Fuel Payment on household temperature and health: a regression discontinuity design study. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3310/phr07010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe Winter Fuel Payment (WFP) is a non-NHS population-level policy intervention that aims to reduce cold exposure and enhance the health and well-being of older adults. Labelling this cash transfer as ‘winter fuel’ has been shown to lead to increased household energy expenditure, but it is not known if this expenditure produces warmer homes or health benefits.ObjectivesFirst, the association between indoor temperature and health was established to identify the outcome measures most likely to be affected by the WFP. Then, whether or not receiving the WFP is associated with raised household temperature levels and/or improved health was assessed.DesignRandom and fixed effects regression models were used to estimate the link between ambient indoor temperature and health. A regression discontinuity (RD) design analysis exploiting the sharp eligibility criteria for the WFP was employed to estimate the potential impact of the payment.SettingThe sample was drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), an observational study of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 50 years in England.ParticipantsAnalyses examining the association between household temperature and health had a maximum sample of 12,210 adults aged 50–90 years. The RD analyses drew on a maximum of 5902 observations.InterventionThe WFP provides households with a member who is aged > 60 years (up to 2010, from which point the minimum age increased) in the qualifying week with a lump sum annual payment, typically in November or December.Main outcome measuresDifferences in indoor temperature were examined, and, following an extensive literature review of relevant participant-reported health indicators and objectively recorded biomarkers likely to be affected by indoor temperature, a series of key measures were selected: blood pressure, inflammation, lung function, the presence of chest infections, subjective health and depressive symptom ratings.Data sourcesThe first six waves of the ELSA were drawn from, accessible through the UK Data Service (SN:5050 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing: Waves 0–7, 1998–2015).ResultsResults from both random and fixed-effects multilevel regression models showed that low levels of indoor temperature were associated with raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and raised fibrinogen levels. However, across the RD models, no evidence was found that the WFP was consistently associated with differences in either household temperature or the health of qualifying (vs. non-qualifying) households.LimitationsThe presence of small effects cannot be ruled out, not detectable because of the sample size in the current study.ConclusionsThis study capitalised on the sharp assignment rules regarding WFP eligibility to estimate the potential effect of the WFP on household temperature and health in a national sample of English adults. The RD design employed did not identify evidence linking the WFP to warmer homes or potential health and well-being effects.Future workFurther research should utilise larger samples of participants close to the WFP eligibility cut-off point examined during particularly cold weather in order to identify whether or not the WFP is linked to health benefits not detected in the current study, which may have implications for population health and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the WFP.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Angelini
- Faculty of Economics and Business Economics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Daly
- Management Work and Organisation, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Mirko Moro
- Economics Division, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Maria Navarro Paniagua
- Department of Economics, Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Elanor Sidman
- Management Work and Organisation, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Ian Walker
- Department of Economics, Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Matthew Weldon
- Department of Economics, Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Gronlund CJ, Sheppard L, Adar SD, O'Neill MS, Auchincloss A, Madrigano J, Kaufman J, Diez Roux AV. Vulnerability to the Cardiovascular Effects of Ambient Heat in Six US Cities: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Epidemiology 2018; 29:756-764. [PMID: 30113342 PMCID: PMC6233295 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With climate change, temperatures are increasing. Heat-associated health events disproportionately affect certain subpopulations. However, prior research has often lacked information on individual-level health and air conditioning and neighborhood stressors/protections. OBJECTIVES To assess whether (1) heat (2-day mean temperature above local 75th percentiles) is associated with increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure, controlling for age, time, season, daily ozone, and daily particulate matter (PM2.5) and (2) associations differ by antihypertensive medication use, renal function, fasting glucose, emotional support, air conditioning ownership and use, normalized difference vegetation index, neighborhood safety, and residence- specific oxides of nitrogen and PM2.5. METHODS Health and behavioral characteristics were obtained repeatedly on participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis in six US sites (2000-2010). These were linked with airport temperature, air quality, and satellite- and survey-derived neighborhood characteristics. We used a fixed-effects design, regressing health outcomes on linear temperature splines with knots at the 75th percentiles, interaction terms for each characteristic, and adjustment for month of year, age, PM2.5, and ozone. RESULTS Overall, heat was not associated with heart rate. However, for a 2°C increase in heat, systolic blood pressure decreased by 1.1 mmHg (95% CI = -1.6, -0.6) and diastolic blood pressure by 0.3 mmHg (95% CI = -0.6, -0.1). Among nonusers of antihypertensive medications, heat-associated decreases in SBP were 2.1 mmHg greater among individuals with central air conditioning versus those without. Confidence intervals around the remaining modifiers were wide after multiple-comparisons corrections or sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Outdoor heat is associated with decreasing blood pressure, and cardiovascular vulnerability may vary primarily by ownership of central air conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina J Gronlund
- From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Sara D Adar
- From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Marie S O'Neill
- From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Amy Auchincloss
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Joel Kaufman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA
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Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the relationship between mean outdoor temperature and mean daily blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) among six, large, geographically and climatically diverse US cities. We collected BP and HR data from Higi stations, located in a wide range of neighborhood grocery stores and retail pharmacies, from six US cities (Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, Boise, Chicago, and New York City). Outdoor daily temperature data were collected from the National Centers for Environmental Information's database. Pearson's correlation was used to assess the linear relationship between mean daily outdoor temperature and mean daily BP and HR for each city from May 2016 through April 2017. A total of 2 140 626 BP and HR readings were recorded in the six study cities. Mean outdoor temperature was inversely correlated with both mean daily average systolic (r=-0.69, P<0.0001) and diastolic (r=-0.71; P<0.0001) BPs, but not HR (r<0.0001, P=0.48). We also found that temperature change had a larger impact on BP in equatorial climates such as Miami compared with colder and more temperature variable cities like Chicago and Boise. Previous studies have found that BP varies seasonally, but few have looked at the impact of daily temperature on both BP and HR changes. Our study is one of the largest and most climatically diverse populations ever looking at this relationship. Our results suggest that temperature, and perhaps geography, should play a role in tailoring individualized evaluation and treatment for hypertensive diseases.
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Echoes from Gaea, Poseidon, Hephaestus, and Prometheus: environmental risk factors for high blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:594-607. [PMID: 29899375 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) affects over one billion people and is the leading risk factor for global mortality. While many lifestyle and genetic risk factors are well-accepted to increase BP, the role of the external environment is typically overlooked. Mounting evidence now supports that numerous environmental factors can promote an elevation in BP. Broadly speaking these include aspects of the natural environment (e.g., cold temperatures, higher altitude, and winter season), natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic eruptions), and man-made exposures (e.g., noise, air pollutants, and toxins/chemicals). This is important for health care providers to recognize as one (or several) of these environmental factors could be playing a clinically meaningful role in elevating BP or disrupting hypertension control among their patients. At the population level, certain environmental exposures may even be contributing to the growing pandemic of hypertension. Here we provide an updated review of the literature linking environment exposures with high BP and outline practical recommendations for clinicians.
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Arku RE, Ezzati M, Baumgartner J, Fink G, Zhou B, Hystad P, Brauer M. Elevated blood pressure and household solid fuel use in premenopausal women: Analysis of 12 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 10 countries. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 160:499-505. [PMID: 29107891 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately three billion people are exposed to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel cookstoves. Studies from single settings have linked HAP with elevated blood pressure (BP), but no evidence exists from multi-country analyses. OBJECTIVES Using nationally representative and internationally comparable data, we examined the association between solid fuel use and BP in 77,605 largely premenopausal women (aged 15-49) from ten resource-poor countries. METHODS We obtained data on systolic and diastolic BP, self-reported primary cooking fuel, health and socio-demographic characteristics from 12 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Benin, Ghana, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Namibia, and Peru. We estimated associations between history of fuel use [solid fuel (coal or biomass) versus clean fuel (electricity or gas)] with systolic and diastolic BP and hypertension using a meta-analytical approach. RESULTS Overall, the country-level mean systolic and diastolic BP were 117 (range: 111-127) and 74 (71-83) mmHg, respectively. The country-level mean age of the women was 30.8 years (range: 28.4-32.9). The prevalence of solid fuel use was 46.0% (range: 4.1-95.8). In adjusted, pooled analyses, primary use of solid fuel was associated with 0.58mmHg higher systolic BP (95% CI: 0.23, 0.93) as compared to primary use of clean fuel. The pooled estimates for diastolic BP and pulse pressure were also positive, but the confidence intervals contained zero. The pooled odds of hypertension was [OR = 1.07 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.16)], an effect that was driven by rural participants for whom solid fuel use was associated with a 16% greater odds of hypertension [OR = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.35)]. CONCLUSIONS Cooking with solid fuels was associated with small increases in BP and odds of hypertension. Use of cleaner fuels like gas or electricity may reduce cardiovascular risk in developing countries, particularly among rural residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael E Arku
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
| | - Majid Ezzati
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health and WHO Collaborating Centre on NCD Surveillance and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute for Health and Social Policy and Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Günther Fink
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bin Zhou
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health and WHO Collaborating Centre on NCD Surveillance and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Perry Hystad
- The School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is associated with hypertension. Blood pressure (BP) and circulating vitamin D concentrations vary with the seasons and distance from the equator suggesting BP varies inversely with the sunshine available (insolation) for cutaneous vitamin D photosynthesis. METHODS To determine if the association between insolation and BP is partly explained by vitamin D, we evaluated 1104 participants in the Reasons for Racial and Geographic Differences in Stroke study whose BP and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured. RESULTS We found a significant inverse association between SBP and 25(OH)D concentration and an inverse association between insolation and BP in unadjusted analyses. After adjusting for other confounding variables, the association of solar insolation and BP was augmented, -0.3.5 ± SEM 0.01 mmHg/1 SD higher solar insolation, P = 0.01. The greatest of effects of insolation on SBP were observed in whites (-5.2 ± SEM 0.92 mmHg/1 SD higher solar insolation, P = 0.005) and in women (-3.8 ± SEM 1.7 mmHg, P = 0.024). We found that adjusting for 25(OH)D had no effect on the association of solar insolation with SBP. CONCLUSION We conclude that although 25(OH)D concentration is inversely associated with SBP, it did not explain the association of greater sunlight exposure with lower BP.
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Kresovich JK, Zhang Z, Fang F, Zheng Y, Sanchez-Guerra M, Joyce BT, Zhong J, Chervona Y, Wang S, Chang D, McCracken JP, Díaz A, Bonzini M, Carugno M, Koutrakis P, Kang CM, Bian S, Gao T, Byun HM, Schwartz J, Baccarelli AA, Hou L. Histone 3 modifications and blood pressure in the Beijing Truck Driver Air Pollution Study. Biomarkers 2017; 22:584-593. [PMID: 28678539 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2017.1347961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Histone modifications regulate gene expression; dysregulation has been linked with cardiovascular diseases. Associations between histone modification levels and blood pressure in humans are unclear. OBJECTIVE We examine the relationship between global histone concentrations and various markers of blood pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the Beijing Truck Driver Air Pollution Study, we investigated global peripheral white blood cell histone modifications (H3K9ac, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me3) associations with pre- and post-work measurements of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP) using multivariable mixed-effect models. RESULTS H3K9ac was negatively associated with pre-work SBP and MAP; H3K9me3 was negatively associated with pre-work SBP, DBP, and MAP; and H3K27me3 was negatively associated with pre-work SBP. Among office workers, H3K9me3 was negatively associated with pre-work SBP, DBP, and MAP. Among truck drivers, H3K9ac and H3K27me were negatively associated with pre-work SBP, and H3K27me3 was positively associated with post-work PP. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Epigenome-wide H3K9ac, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 were negatively associated with multiple pre-work blood pressure measures. These associations substantially changed during the day, suggesting an influence of daily activities. Blood-based histone modification biomarkers are potential candidates for studies requiring estimations of morning/pre-work blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob K Kresovich
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA.,b Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Zhou Zhang
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA.,c Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Fang Fang
- d Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice , Saint Louis University , Saint Louis , MO , USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA.,e Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Marco Sanchez-Guerra
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA.,g Department of Developmental Neurobiology , National Institute of Perinatology , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Brian T Joyce
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA.,b Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Jia Zhong
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Yana Chervona
- h Department of Environmental Medicine , New York University School of Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- i Department of Occupational and Environmental Health , Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Dou Chang
- j Department of Safety Engineering , China Institute of Industrial Relations , Beijing , China
| | - John P McCracken
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Anaite Díaz
- k Center for Health Studies , Universidad del Valle de Guatemala , Guatemala City , Guatemala
| | - Matteo Bonzini
- l Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Medicine , University of Milan and IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda OspedaleMaggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Michele Carugno
- l Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Medicine , University of Milan and IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda OspedaleMaggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Choong-Min Kang
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Shurui Bian
- c Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Tao Gao
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- m Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , United Kingdom
| | - Joel Schwartz
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- f Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Harvard University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA.,n Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
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Wang S, Li M, Hua Z, Ye C, Jiang S, Wang Z, Song Z, Yu Y. Outdoor temperature and temperature maintenance associated with blood pressure in 438,811 Chinese adults. Blood Press 2017; 26:246-254. [DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2017.1297676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuojia Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minchao Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengjiang Hua
- Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Ye
- Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuying Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaopin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenya Song
- Department of International Health Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital ZheJiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Q, Li C, Guo Y, Barnett AG, Tong S, Phung D, Chu C, Dear K, Wang X, Huang C. Environmental ambient temperature and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:276-286. [PMID: 27750133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although many individual studies have examined the association between temperature and blood pressure (BP), they used different methods and also their results were somewhat inconsistent. The aims of this study are to quantitatively summarize previous studies and to systematically assess the methodological issues to make recommendations for future research. METHODS We searched relevant empirical studies published before January 2016 concerning temperature and BP among adults using the MEDLINE, Embase and PubMed databases. Mean changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) per 1°C reduction in temperature were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 23 studies included, 14 were used for meta-analysis. Consistent, statistically significant, inverse associations were observed between ambient temperature (mean, maximum, minimum outdoor temperature and indoor temperature) and BP. An 1°C decrease in mean daily outdoor temperature was associated with an increase in SBP and DBP of 0.26mmHg (95% CI: 0.18-0.33) and 0.13 (95% CI: 0.11-0.16), respectively. The increase was greater in people with conditions related to cardiovascular disease. An 1°C decrease in indoor temperature was associated with 0.38mmHg (0.18-0.58) increase in SBP, while the effects on DBP were not estimated due to limited studies. Among the previous studies on temperature-BP relationship, temperature and BP measurements are not accurate enough and statistical methods need to be improved. CONCLUSIONS Lower ambient temperatures seem to increase adults' BP and people with conditions related to cardiovascular disease are more susceptible to drops in temperature. Indoor temperature appeared to have a stronger effect on BP than outdoor temperature. To understand temperature-BP relationship well, a study combining repeated personal temperature exposure and ambulatory BP monitoring, applying improved statistical methods to examine potential non-linear relationship is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Changchang Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Bao'an Hospital for Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, 99 Wenwei Road, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Adrian G Barnett
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Shilu Tong
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Dung Phung
- Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Cordia Chu
- Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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Hermann JM, Rosenbauer J, Dost A, Steigleder‐Schweiger C, Kiess W, Schöfl C, Holl RW. Seasonal Variation in Blood Pressure in 162,135 Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:270-278. [PMID: 26663673 PMCID: PMC8031834 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2024]
Abstract
Seasonal variation in blood pressure (BP) has been observed in different populations. However, only few studies have focused on BP seasonality in diabetic patients. This study examined the seasonal patterns in BP in 62,589 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and in 99,546 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the German/Austrian Diabetes Follow-up Registry. Adjusted mean BP values revealed seasonal cycles of 12 months, with higher BP in colder months. Using harmonic regression models, the estimated systolic BP difference throughout the year was 2.28/2.48 mm Hg in T1DM/T2DM (both P<.001). Interestingly, seasonal variation in diastolic BP was larger in T1DM than in T2DM (1.24/0.64 mm Hg, P<.001). A sex difference was observed in T1DM only, while age differences occurred in both types of diabetes. Correlations between BP and potentially related factors such as outdoor temperature indicated that reasons underlying BP seasonality are likely to be complex and vary by subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Hermann
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical BiometryZIBMTUniversity of UlmUlmGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- Institute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes CentreLeibniz Centre at Heinrich‐Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
| | - Axel Dost
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Hospital JenaJenaGermany
| | | | - Wieland Kiess
- Department of Woman and Child HealthCenter for Pediatric ResearchUniversity Hospital for Children and AdolescentsUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Christof Schöfl
- Division of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Medicine IFriedrich‐Alexander‐UniversityErlangen‐NurembergGermany
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical BiometryZIBMTUniversity of UlmUlmGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
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Li Q, Guo Y, Wei DM, Song Y, Song JY, Ma J, Wang HJ. Does local ambient temperature impact children's blood pressure? A Chinese National Survey. Environ Health 2016; 15:21. [PMID: 26880195 PMCID: PMC4754880 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies demonstrated a short-term association between ambient temperature and blood pressure. However, few studies have assessed the long-term effect of ambient temperature on children's blood pressure. The present study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to local ambient temperature and children's blood pressure in China. METHODS We analyzed the systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) data of 71,763 children from 2010 Chinese National Survey on Students' Construction and Health (CHNSCH), and local annual average ambient temperature, relative humidity, air pollutants data from China Meteorological Administration and Ministry of Environment Protection of China. We used generalized additive model (GAM) with non-linear function to examine the effects of ambient temperature on children's blood pressure. RESULTS The results showed that decrease of ambient temperature was negatively associated with increase of both SBP and DBP in Chinese children while adjusting for individual characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, air pollutants and relative humidity. The largest alteration of SBP related to the temperature difference was observed from 20.4 to 9.6 °C, with 9.0 mmHg (95 % CI: 8.4, 9.5) increase in SBP, while the largest alteration of DBP was observed from 21.7 to 10.2 °C, with 6.1 mmHg (95 % CI: 5.6, 6.6) increase in DBP. However, when temperature below 9.6 and 10.2 °C, SBP and DBP started to decrease, which might be caused by the use of heating system in the extreme cold areas. CONCLUSIONS Public health policy should be improved for protecting children's cardiovascular health from adverse effects of low temperature. Development of heating system in moderate cold area might be a good solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Dong-Mei Wei
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie-Yun Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Madaniyazi L, Zhou Y, Li S, Williams G, Jaakkola JJK, Liang X, Liu Y, Wu S, Guo Y. Outdoor Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults: Effect Modification by Individual Characteristics. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21003. [PMID: 26876040 PMCID: PMC4753475 DOI: 10.1038/srep21003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We collected data from Kailuan cohort study from 2006 to 2011 to examine whether short-term effects of ambient temperature on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) are non-linear or linear, and their potential modifying factors. The HR, BP and individual information, including basic characteristics, life style, socio-economic characteristics and other characteristics, were collected for each participant. Daily mean temperature and relative humidity were collected. A regression model was used to evaluate associations of temperature with HR and BP, with a non-linear function for temperature. We also stratified the analyses in different groups divided by individual characteristics. 47,591 residents were recruited. The relationships of temperature with HR and BP were “V” shaped with thresholds ranging from 22 °C to 28 °C. Both cold and hot effects were observed on HR and BP. The differences of effect estimates were observed among the strata of individual characteristics. The effect estimate of temperature was higher among older people. The cold effect estimate was higher among people with lower Body Mass Index. However, the differences of effect estimates among other groups were inconsistent. These findings suggest both cold and hot temperatures may have short-term impacts on HR and BP. The individual characteristics could modify these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Madaniyazi
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gail Williams
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Xin Liang
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Chen R, Lu J, Yu Q, Peng L, Yang D, Wang C, Kan H. The acute effects of outdoor temperature on blood pressure in a panel of elderly hypertensive patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:1791-1797. [PMID: 25851599 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-0987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Higher level of blood pressure (BP) in winter than in summer has been observed, but the association between temperature and BP and its potential modifiers with adjustment of individual confounders and time trends was rarely explored. We aimed to investigate the association between outdoor temperature and BP and its potential modification factors in a longitudinal panel study in Shanghai, China. From January 2011 to December 2012, we scheduled 54 follow-ups for BP measurements per subject via home visit every other week for 50 elderly hypertensive patients. We applied linear mixed-effect models to analyze the association between temperature and BP after controlling for individual characteristics, antihypertensive medication, comorbidities, and time trends. We evaluated the potential effect modifiers by stratification analyses. For a 1 °C decrease in the average temperature on concurrent day and previous day, systolic BP increased by 0.19 mmHg (95 % confidence interval = 0.06, 0.31) and diastolic BP increased by 0.12 mmHg (95 % confidence interval = 0.03, 0.21). The effect of temperature on BP was stronger among those with older age, female sex, low socioeconomic status, and obese physique. The effect was weak and even null for those taking the angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, or its combination with calcium antagonists. Further, the effect was almost restricted within those having chronic comorbidities. Our results demonstrated that an acute decrease in outdoor temperature was significantly associated with a rise in BP among elderly hypertensive patients, in Shanghai, China. Individual characteristics, antihypertensive medications, and comorbidities may modify this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, P.O. Box 249, 130 Dong'An Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Lu
- Tianping Community Health Centre, 110 Taiyuan Road, 200031, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Yu
- Tianping Community Health Centre, 110 Taiyuan Road, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, 951 Jingxiu Road, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, 951 Jingxiu Road, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, P.O. Box 249, 130 Dong'An Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, & Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, P.O. Box 249, 130 Dong'An Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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Summertime dosage-dependent hypersensitivity to an angiotensin II receptor blocker. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:227. [PMID: 26055103 PMCID: PMC4467666 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Summertime dips in blood pressure (BP), both in normotensive and hypertensive subjects, are well known. However, the dips are small and are not related to particular forms or doses of antihypertensive medication. Nevertheless it is the practice in some quarters to decrease antihypertensive medication in summer, and/or to increase in winter. Large scale studies being inconclusive, there are calls for long-term examination of the relationship between environmental temperature and blood pressure in single individuals under medication. Case presentation While analyzing data from a subject whose BP had been controlled for a decade with the angiotensin-II receptor blocker losartan, an extreme, dosage-dependent, summertime dip came to light. Downward dosage adjustment appeared essential and may have prevented hypotension-related pathology. Conclusion The benefits of aggressive medication (the “J curve” phenomenon) being debated, the possibility of seasonal hypersensitivity, perhaps explicable in terms of differential signaling by countervailing receptors, should be taken into account when considering dosage adjustments in hypertensive subjects.
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Imaizumi Y, Eguchi K, Kario K. Coexistence of PM2.5and low temperature is associated with morning hypertension in hypertensives. Clin Exp Hypertens 2015; 37:468-72. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1013117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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