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Levran N, Levek N, Sher B, Mauda-Yitzhak E, Gruber N, Afek A, Monsonego-Ornan E, Pinhas-Hamiel O. The Mediterranean Diet for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Interventional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4577. [PMID: 37960229 PMCID: PMC10648751 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MED) is highly recommended. Medical nutrition therapy is the cornerstone of diabetes treatment. The primary outcome was to evaluate the change in micronutrient intake of youth with type 1 diabetes before and after a 6-month MED intervention; we also assessed adherence and glycemic control. Twenty adolescents, median age 18 years (interquartile range: 15.5-21), median diabetes duration 9 years (7-14), using continuous glucose monitoring devices, received personalized diet regimes based on MED. At 6 months post-intervention, the caloric intake remained unchanged; however, the carbohydrate proportion was lower (p = 0.058), and the intakes of some monounsaturated fats increased (p = 0.049). Sodium intake exceeded the recommended daily allowance by 250% (p = 0.653), before and after the intervention. For blood glucose, the percent TIR (time-in-range, 70-180 mg/dL) improved from 52% (38-60) to 63% (47-71) (p = 0.047). The total insulin dose decreased marginally, from 0.76 u/kg (0.64-0.97) to 0.72 u/kg (0.61-0.89) (p = 0.067). BMI z-score and waist circumference did not change (p = 0.316 and p = 0.161, respectively). Diastolic blood pressure percentile decreased from 73% (68-88) to 69% (50-79) (p = 0.028), and LDL cholesterol from 114 mg/dL (105-134) to 104 mg/dL (96-124) (p = 0.059). The Israeli Mediterranean diet screener score increased, from 8 (7-11) to 13 points (12-14) (p < 0.001). The MED-based intervention in youth with type 1 diabetes is feasible and leads to improvement in monounsaturated fat intake, TIR, and diastolic blood pressure. Other parameters show no change (caloric intake, BMI, and HbA1c).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neriya Levran
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel; (N.L.); (E.M.-Y.); (N.G.)
- National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra’anana 4345020, Israel;
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 5290002, Israel;
- Division of Nutrition Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel
| | - Noah Levek
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel; (N.L.); (E.M.-Y.); (N.G.)
- National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra’anana 4345020, Israel;
| | - Bruria Sher
- National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra’anana 4345020, Israel;
| | - Elinor Mauda-Yitzhak
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel; (N.L.); (E.M.-Y.); (N.G.)
| | - Noah Gruber
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel; (N.L.); (E.M.-Y.); (N.G.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- General Management, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel
| | - Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 5290002, Israel;
| | - Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Ramat-Gan 5262000, Israel; (N.L.); (E.M.-Y.); (N.G.)
- National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra’anana 4345020, Israel;
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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Wadell AT, Bärebring L, Hulander E, Gjertsson I, Landberg R, Lindqvist H, Winkvist A. Dietary biomarkers and food records indicate compliance to study diets in the ADIRA (Anti-inflammatory Diet In Rheumatoid Arthritis) trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1209787. [PMID: 37426179 PMCID: PMC10325030 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the ADIRA (Anti-inflammatory Diet In Rheumatoid arthritis) trial, compliance to the study diets has previously been described primarily with a score based on reported intake of trial foods from telephone interviews. The aim of this study was to evaluate compliance using objective dietary biomarkers for whole grain, fruit and vegetables, margarine and oil, seafood and overall fat quality, as well as reported intake from food records of key components of the study diets. Methods Fifty patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomized to begin with the intervention diet (rich in whole grain, fruit and vegetables, margarine/oil and seafood) or the control diet (rich in meat and high-fat dairy) for 10 weeks, followed by a ~ 4 months wash-out period, and then switched diet. Compliance was evaluated using plasma alkylresorcinols (AR) as biomarkers for intake of whole grain wheat and rye, serum carotenoids for fruit and vegetables, plasma linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) and -α-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) for margarine and cooking oil, plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), -docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6, n-3) and -docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 n-3) for seafood, and plasma fatty acid pattern for the overall dietary fat quality. Reported intake of whole grain, fruit, berries and vegetables, seafood, red meat, and fat quality was extracted from 3-d food records. Results Plasma AR C21:0 and C23:0, LA, EPA, and DHA were higher while total serum carotenoids were lower after the intervention diet period compared to the control diet period (AR and carotenoids: p = <0.05, fatty acids: p = <0.001). Reported intake of whole grain, fruit, berries and vegetables, and seafood was higher and reported intake of red meat was lower during the intervention diet period compared to the control diet period (p = <0.001). Plasma- and reported fatty acid pattern differed as intended between the diet periods. Conclusion This study indicates that the participants in the ADIRA trial were compliant to the study diets regarding intake of whole grain, cooking fat, seafood, and red meat, and the intended overall dietary fat quality. Compliance to instructions on fruit- and vegetable intake remains uncertain. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02941055?term=NCT02941055&draw=2&rank=1, NCT02941055.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Turesson Wadell
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linnea Bärebring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Hulander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inger Gjertsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen Lindqvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ye Y, Zhou Q, Dai W, Peng H, Zhou S, Tian H, Shen L, Han H. Gender differences in metabolic syndrome and its components in southern china using a healthy lifestyle index: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:686. [PMID: 37046236 PMCID: PMC10091685 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle changes are important for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS), but studies that focus on gender differences in the lifestyle risk factors of MetS are limited in China. This research aimed to generate a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) to assess the behavioral risk factors of MetS and its components, and to explore the gender differences in HLI score and other influencing factors of MetS. METHODS A convenience sample of 532 outpatients were recruited from a general hospital in Changsha, China. The general information and HLI scores [including physical activity (PA), diet, smoking, alcohol use, and body mass index (BMI)] of the subjects were collected through questionnaires, and each patient's height, weight, waist circumference, and other physical signs were measured. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of MetS and its components. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 33.3% for the whole sample (46.3% in males and 23.3% in females). The risk of MetS increased with age, smoking, unhealthy diet, and BMI in males and with age and BMI in females. Our logistic regression analysis showed that lower HLI (male: OR = 0.838,95%CI = 0.757-0.929; female: OR = 0.752, 95%CI = 0.645-0.876) and older age (male: OR = 2.899, 95%CI = 1.446-5.812; female: OR = 4.430, 95%CI = 1.640-11.969) were independent risk factors of MetS, for both sexes. CONCLUSION Low levels of HLI and older ages were independent risk factors of MetS in both males and females. The association between aging and MetS risk was stronger in females, while the association between unhealthy lifestyles and MetS risk was stronger in males. Our findings reinforced the expected gender differences in MetS prevalence and its risk factors, which has implications for the future development of gender-specific MetS prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Zhou
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Dai
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hua Peng
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Huixia Tian
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Lu Shen
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Huiwu Han
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Road 87#, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
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Sobiecki JG, Imamura F, Davis CR, Sharp SJ, Koulman A, Hodgson JM, Guevara M, Schulze MB, Zheng JS, Agnoli C, Bonet C, Colorado-Yohar SM, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Gundersen TE, Jannasch F, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Molina-Montes E, Nilsson PM, Palli D, Panico S, Papier K, Rolandsson O, Sacerdote C, Tjønneland A, Tong TYN, van der Schouw YT, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, Riboli E, Murphy KJ, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG. A nutritional biomarker score of the Mediterranean diet and incident type 2 diabetes: Integrated analysis of data from the MedLey randomised controlled trial and the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004221. [PMID: 37104291 PMCID: PMC10138823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-reported adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been modestly inversely associated with incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in cohort studies. There is uncertainty about the validity and magnitude of this association due to subjective reporting of diet. The association has not been evaluated using an objectively measured biomarker of the Mediterranean diet. METHODS AND FINDINGS We derived a biomarker score based on 5 circulating carotenoids and 24 fatty acids that discriminated between the Mediterranean or habitual diet arms of a parallel design, 6-month partial-feeding randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted between 2013 and 2014, the MedLey trial (128 participants out of 166 randomised). We applied this biomarker score in an observational study, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study, to assess the association of the score with T2D incidence over an average of 9.7 years of follow-up since the baseline (1991 to 1998). We included 22,202 participants, of whom 9,453 were T2D cases, with relevant biomarkers from an original case-cohort of 27,779 participants sampled from a cohort of 340,234 people. As a secondary measure of the Mediterranean diet, we used a score estimated from dietary-self report. Within the trial, the biomarker score discriminated well between the 2 arms; the cross-validated C-statistic was 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 to 0.94). The score was inversely associated with incident T2D in EPIC-InterAct: the hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation of the score was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.65 to 0.77) following adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical factors, and adiposity. In comparison, the HR per standard deviation of the self-reported Mediterranean diet was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86 to 0.95). Assuming the score was causally associated with T2D, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Western European adults by 10 percentiles of the score was estimated to reduce the incidence of T2D by 11% (95% CI: 7% to 14%). The study limitations included potential measurement error in nutritional biomarkers, unclear specificity of the biomarker score to the Mediterranean diet, and possible residual confounding. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that objectively assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower risk of T2D and that even modestly higher adherence may have the potential to reduce the population burden of T2D meaningfully. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12613000602729 https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=363860.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub G. Sobiecki
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Courtney R. Davis
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Albert Koulman
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translation Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology—ICO, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute—IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Deep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Insitute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Center of Epidemiology and Population Health UMR 1018, Inserm, Paris South—Paris Saclay University, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Franziska Jannasch
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Molina-Montes
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) ‘José Mataix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Keren Papier
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tammy Y. N. Tong
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Yvonne T. van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - John Danesh
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adam S. Butterworth
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J. Murphy
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Razquin C, Ruiz-Canela M, Wernitz A, Toledo E, Corella D, Alonso-Gómez Á, Fitó M, Gómez-Gracia E, Estruch R, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Arós F, Salas-Salvadó J, Schulze MB, Martinez-Gonzalez MA. Effects of Supplemented Mediterranean Diets on Plasma-Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease after 1 Year of Intervention in the PREDIMED Trial. Clin Chem 2023; 69:283-294. [PMID: 36683466 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvac221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma fatty acids (FAs) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Diet and endogenous metabolism influence the FA profile of the plasma phospholipid (PL) fraction. In the PREDIMED trial, we examined 1-year changes in the FA profile of plasma PL according to a nutritional intervention with Mediterranean diets, either supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (MedDiet + EVOO) or mixed nuts (MedDiet + nuts), in a high cardiovascular risk population. We also analyzed if 1-year changes in PL FAs were associated with subsequent cardiovascular risk. METHODS We included 779 participants in our case-cohort study: 185 incident cases and 594 participants in the subcohort (including 31 overlapping cases). The end point was the incidence of CVD. We measured the FAs of plasma PL at baseline and after 1 year of intervention. RESULTS MedDiet + EVOO increased C17:0 and C20:3n9 in linear regression models [β coefficientperSD : 0.215 (95% CI, 0.032-0.399) and 0.271 (0.107-0.434), respectively] and decreased 16:1n7 and C22:4n6 [βperSD: -0.239 (95% CI, -0.416 to -0.061) and -0.287 (95% CI, -0.460 to -0.113), respectively] vs the control group. MedDiet + nuts increased C18:3n3 [βperSD: 0.382 (95% CI, 0.225 - 0.539)], C18:2n6 [βper SD: 0.250 (95% CI, 0.073 - 0.428)], C18:0 [βperSD: 0.268 (95% CI, 0.085-0.452)], and C22:0 [βper SD: 0.216 (95% CI, 0.031-0.402)]; and decreased the sum of six n6 FAs [βper SD: -0.147 (95% CI, -0.268 to -0.027)] vs the control group. The 1-year increase in C18:2n6 was inversely associated with the subsequent CVD risk (HRperSD: 0.64 (95% CI, 0.44-0.92)). CONCLUSIONS MedDiet interventions changed n6 FAs and C16:1n7c; other changes were specific for each group: MedDiet + EVOO increased C17:0 and C20:3n9, and MedDiet + Nuts C18:3n3, C18:2n6, C18:0, and C22:0 FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Razquin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Wernitz
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Alonso-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Augist Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine-Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Agust Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Fiore G, Pascuzzi MC, Di Profio E, Corsello A, Agostinelli M, La Mendola A, Milanta C, Campoy C, Calcaterra V, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Bioactive compounds in childhood obesity and associated metabolic complications: Current evidence, controversies and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106599. [PMID: 36503001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents the most frequent chronic disease among children worldwide, with a significant global burden on society. Metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) can affect children since their first years of life, and novel therapeutic strategies to tackle metabolic complications are under investigation. This review focuses on bioactive compounds and their possible beneficial effects on obesity, particularly omega-3, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin D, biotics, polysaccharide macromolecules, polyphenols, inositols, alpha lipoic acid, and bromelaine. Our aim is to summarize current evidence about bioactive compounds in the treatment of obesity, highlighting recent findings on their use in children and adolescents. Most studied molecules are omega-3 and vitamin D, despite the heterogeneity between the studies. Moreover, given the emerging interest in the gut-brain axis in the link between metabolic health and microbiota, various studies on prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics and polysaccharide macromolecules have been considered. Some preclinical studies seem to highlight a possible role of the polyphenols, even if their clinical evidence is still discussed. Lastly, we describe possible effects of inositols and alpha-lipoic acid. Despite some dietary supplements seem to be promising in overweight subjects, only in a few of them a dose/response efficacy has been found in the pediatric age. Innovative, well-designed and targeted clinical trials are then needed to prove the beneficial effects of these compounds that could support the standard behavioral therapy for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiore
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Corsello
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice La Mendola
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Spanish Network of Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada's node, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital. Health Sciences Technological Park, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20144 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Soldevila-Domenech N, Pastor A, Sala-Vila A, Lázaro I, Boronat A, Muñoz D, Castañer O, Fagundo B, Corella D, Fernández-Aranda F, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Fitó M, de la Torre R. Sex differences in endocannabinoids during 3 years of Mediterranean diet intervention: Association with insulin resistance and weight loss in a population with metabolic syndrome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1076677. [PMID: 36532543 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1076677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundExcess circulating endocannabinoids (eCBs) and imbalanced N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) related eCBs abundance could influence dietary weight loss success. We aimed to examine sex differences in the impact of a 3-years Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention on circulating eCBs, NAEs and their precursor fatty acids, and to analyze the interplay between changes in eCBs or NAEs ratios, insulin resistance and the achievement of clinically meaningful weight reductions.MethodsProspective cohort study in a subsample of N = 105 participants (54.3% women; 65.6 ± 4.6 years) with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome that underwent a 3-years MedDiet intervention (PREDIMED-Plus study). Plasma eCBs and NAEs, including 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), fatty acids, diet, glycemic homeostasis (including the assessment of insulin resistance-HOMA-IR), and cardiovascular risk markers were monitored (at 0-6-12-36 months).ResultsMediterranean diet adherence increased in both sexes and remained high during the 3 years of follow-up. Reductions in body weight, glycemic and cardiovascular parameters were larger in men than in women. Women presented higher concentrations of NAEs than men throughout the study. In both sexes, AEA and other NAEs (including OEA, and PEA) decreased after 6 months (for AEA: −4.9%), whereas the ratio OEA/AEA increased after 1 year (+5.8%). Changes in 2-AG (−3.9%) and the ratio OEA/PEA (+8.2%) persisted over the 3 years of follow-up. In women, 6-months changes in AEA (OR = 0.65) and the ratio OEA/AEA (OR = 3.28) were associated with the achievement of 8% weight reductions and correlated with HOMA-IR changes (r = 0.29 and r = −0.34). In men, OEA/PEA changes were associated with 8% weight reductions (OR = 2.62) and correlated with HOMA-IR changes (r = −0.32).ConclusionA 3-years MedDiet intervention modulated plasma concentrations of eCBs and NAEs. Changes in AEA and in the relative abundance of NAEs were associated with clinically meaningful weight reductions. However, marked sex differences were identified in eCBs and NAEs, as well as in the efficacy of the intervention in terms of glycemic and cardiovascular parameters, which could be related to post-menopause alterations in glucose metabolism. These findings support a sex-balanced research strategy for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Soldevila-Domenech
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Pastor
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Boronat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Endocrinology Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fagundo
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Fundació Universitària del Bages, Manresa, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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8
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DAYI TAYGUN, OZGOREN MURAT. Effects of the Mediterranean diet on the components of metabolic syndrome. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E56-E64. [PMID: 36479500 PMCID: PMC9710414 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, also as known as Syndrome X or Insulin Resistance Syndrome, is a complex health problem featuring visceral obesity (the main diagnostic criterion), insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high blood pressure. Currently, this health condition has gained a momentum globally while raising concerns among health-related communities. The World Health Organization, American Heart Association and International Diabetes Federation have formulated diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. Diet and nutrition can influence this syndrome: for example, the Western diet is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome, whereas the Nordic and Mediterranean diets and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension are potentially beneficial. The Mediterranean diet can affect the components of metabolic syndrome due to its high dietary fiber, omega 3 and 9 fatty acids, complex carbohydrates, antioxidants, minerals, vitamins and bioactive substances, such as polyphenols. These nutrients and bioactive substances can combat obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms by which they do so are generally related to oxidative stress, inflammation (the most common risk factors for metabolic syndrome) and gastrointestinal function. The literature also shows examples of positive effects of the Mediterranean diet on the metabolic syndrome. In this review of the literature, we shed light on the effects, mechanisms and dynamic relationship between the Mediterranean diet and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- TAYGUN DAYI
- Near East University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cyprus
- Correspondence: Taygun Dayi, Near East University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cyprus 99138. E-mail: ; Murat Ozgoren, Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Cyprus 99138. E-mail:
| | - MURAT OZGOREN
- Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Cyprus
- Correspondence: Taygun Dayi, Near East University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cyprus 99138. E-mail: ; Murat Ozgoren, Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Cyprus 99138. E-mail:
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9
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Lechner K, von Schacky C, Scherr J, Lorenz E, Bock M, Lechner B, Haller B, Krannich A, Halle M, Wachter R, Duvinage A, Edelmann F. Saturated Fatty Acid Blood Levels and Cardiometabolic Phenotype in Patients with HFpEF: A Secondary Analysis of the Aldo-DHF Trial. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092296. [PMID: 36140396 PMCID: PMC9496272 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating long-chain (LCSFAs) and very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) have been differentially linked to risk of incident heart failure (HF). In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), associations of blood SFA levels with patient characteristics are unknown. Methods: From the Aldo-DHF-RCT, whole blood SFAs were analyzed at baseline in n = 404 using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patient characteristics were 67 ± 8 years, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87%/13%), ejection fraction ≥50%, E/e’ 7.1 ± 1.5; and median NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82–298). Spearman´s correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses, using sex and age as covariates, were used to describe associations of blood SFAs with metabolic phenotype, functional capacity, cardiac function, and neurohumoral activation at baseline and after 12-month follow-up (12 mFU). Results: In line with prior data supporting a potential role of de novo lipogenesis-related LCSFAs in the development of HF, we showed that baseline blood levels of C14:0 and C16:0 were associated with cardiovascular risk factors and/or lower exercise capacity in patients with HFpEF at baseline/12 mFU. Contrarily, the three major circulating VLSFAs, lignoceric acid (C24:0), behenic acid (C22:0), and arachidic acid (C20:0), as well as the LCSFA C18:0, were broadly associated with a lower risk phenotype, particularly a lower risk lipid profile. No associations were found between cardiac function and blood SFAs. Conclusions: Blood SFAs were differentially linked to biomarkers and anthropometric markers indicative of a higher-/lower-risk cardiometabolic phenotype in HFpEF patients. Blood SFA warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in HFpEF. One Sentence Summary: In patients with HFpEF, individual circulating blood SFAs were differentially associated with cardiometabolic phenotype and aerobic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lechner
- Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Kardiologie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- University Center for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elke Lorenz
- Kardiologie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Bock
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Kardiologie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Martin Halle
- Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Wachter
- Clinic and Policlinic for Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Duvinage
- Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)30-450-553731; Fax: +49-(0)30-450-7-553731
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10
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Comparative Evaluation of Different Targeted and Untargeted Analytical Approaches to Assess Greek Extra Virgin Olive Oil Quality and Authentication. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041350. [PMID: 35209139 PMCID: PMC8874659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a key component of the Mediterranean diet, with several health benefits derived from its consumption. Moreover, due to its eminent market position, EVOO has been thoroughly studied over the last several years, aiming at its authentication, but also to reveal the chemical profile inherent to its beneficial properties. In the present work, a comparative study was conducted to assess Greek EVOOs’ quality and authentication utilizing different analytical approaches, both targeted and untargeted. 173 monovarietal EVOOs from three emblematic Greek cultivars (Koroneiki, Kolovi and Adramytiani), obtained during the harvesting years of 2018–2020, were analyzed and quantified as per their fatty acids methyl esters (FAMEs) composition via the official method (EEC) No 2568/91, as well as their bioactive content through liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) methodology. In addition to FAMEs analysis, EVOO samples were also analyzed via HRMS-untargeted metabolomics and optical spectroscopy techniques (visible absorption, fluorescence and Raman). The data retrieved from all applied techniques were analyzed with Machine Learning methods for the authentication of the EVOOs’ variety. The models’ predictive performance was calculated through test samples, while for further evaluation 30 commercially available EVOO samples were also examined in terms of variety. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study where different techniques from the fields of standard analysis, spectrometry and optical spectroscopy are applied to the same EVOO samples, providing strong insight into EVOOs chemical profile and a comparative evaluation through the different platforms.
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11
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Mantzioris E, Muhlhausler BS, Villani A. Impact of the Mediterranean Dietary pattern on n-3 fatty acid tissue levels-A systematic review. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 176:102387. [PMID: 34929617 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is described as a plant-based dietary pattern with adherence associated with reductions in chronic disease risk and longevity. Although the nutrient profile is diverse and complex, the MedDiet is often described as a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from fish, seafood and nuts. However, whether MedDiet adherence results in appreciable increases in tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs is yet to be systematically investigated. This systematic review synthesized the literature to determine the impact of the MedDiet on n-3 PUFA tissue levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting on adherence to a MedDiet and tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs. PROSPERO registration number is CRD 42020162114. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included. Seven were observational studies and 15 were randomised controlled trials (RCTs). All observational studies reported a positive relationship between adherence and higher tissue n-3 PUFA levels. Two-thirds (10/15) of RCTs reported significant increases in n-3 PUFA concentrations. DISCUSSION MedDiet adherence is associated with higher tissue levels of n-3 PUFA. However, we report heterogeneity in the description across all MedDiet interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline Mantzioris
- UniSA: Clinical & Health Sciences, Alliance for Research in Nutrition, Exercise and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, North Terrace and Frome Rd, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.
| | | | - Anthony Villani
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
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12
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Diffenderfer MR, Rajapakse N, Pham E, He L, Dansinger ML, Nelson JR, Schaefer EJ. Plasma fatty acid profiles: Relationships with sex, age, and state-reported heart disease mortality rates in the United States. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:184-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Olmo-García L, Figueiredo-González M, González-Barreiro C, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Cancho-Grande B. Application of the INFOGEST Standardized Method to Assess the Digestive Stability and Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds from Galician Extra-Virgin Olive Oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11592-11605. [PMID: 34550684 PMCID: PMC8929668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The INFOGEST standardized method was applied to assess the potential bioaccessibility and bioaccessibility of the phenolic compounds from a Galician extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The in vitro digestion model involves three steps and generates two fractions after each one: an aqueous fraction (namely, water phase (Wp)) and an oily fraction (namely, oily phase (Op)). The results showed that secoiridoids were the most abundant family in the Galician EVOO polar fraction, representing 98% of the total phenolic compounds. After oral digestion, phenolic acids and simple phenols were mainly detected in Wp, while lignans and flavonoids were mostly found in Op. After gastric digestion, extensive hydrolysis of secoiridoids was observed to generate free tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and hydroxytyrosol acetate. The instability of secoiridoids after intestinal digestion was again responsible for the release of simple phenols, which were mainly recovered in Wp together with flavonoids. In contrast, lignans were stable to duodenal conditions and remained in Op.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Food
and Health Omics, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - L. Olmo-García
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M. Figueiredo-González
- Food
and Health Omics, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - C. González-Barreiro
- Food
and Health Omics, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - A. Carrasco-Pancorbo
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - B. Cancho-Grande
- Food
and Health Omics, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Jimenez-Torres J, Alcalá-Diaz JF, Torres-Peña JD, Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Leon-Acuña A, Gómez-Luna P, Fernández-Gandara C, Quintana-Navarro GM, Fernandez-Garcia JC, Perez-Martinez P, Ordovas JM, Delgado-Lista J, Yubero-Serrano EM, Lopez-Miranda J. Mediterranean Diet Reduces Atherosclerosis Progression in Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis of the CORDIOPREV Randomized Controlled Trial. Stroke 2021; 52:3440-3449. [PMID: 34372670 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.033214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lifestyle and diet affect cardiovascular risk, although there is currently no consensus about the best dietary model for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The CORDIOPREV study (Coronary Diet Intervention With Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Prevention) is an ongoing prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in 1002 coronary heart disease patients, whose primary objective is to compare the effect of 2 healthy dietary patterns (low-fat rich in complex carbohydrates versus Mediterranean diet rich in extra virgin olive oil) on the incidence of cardiovascular events. Here, we report the results of one secondary outcome of the CORDIOPREV study. Thus, to evaluate the efficacy of these diets in reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries (IMT-CC) was ultrasonically assessed bilaterally. IMT-CC is a validated surrogate for the status and future cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS From the total participants, 939 completed IMT-CC evaluation at baseline and were randomized to follow a Mediterranean diet (35% fat, 22% monounsaturated fatty acids, <50% carbohydrates) or a low-fat diet (28% fat, 12% monounsaturated fatty acids, >55% carbohydrates) with IMT-CC measurements at 5 and 7 years. We also analyzed the carotid plaque number and height. RESULTS The Mediterranean diet decreased IMT-CC at 5 years (-0.027±0.008 mm; P<0.001), maintained at 7 years (-0.031±0.008 mm; P<0.001), compared to baseline. The low-fat diet did not modify IMT-CC. IMT-CC and carotid plaquemax height were higher decreased after the Mediterranean diet, compared to the low-fat diet, throughout follow-up. Baseline IMT-CC had the strongest association with the changes in IMT-CC after the dietary intervention. CONCLUSIONS Long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet rich in extravirgin olive oil, if compared to a low-fat diet, was associated with decreased atherosclerosis progression, as shown by reduced IMT-CC and carotid plaque height. These findings reinforce the clinical benefits of the Mediterranean diet in the context of secondary cardiovascular prevention. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00924937.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Jimenez-Torres
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Juan F Alcalá-Diaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Jose D Torres-Peña
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Francisco M Gutierrez-Mariscal
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Ana Leon-Acuña
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Purificación Gómez-Luna
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Carolina Fernández-Gandara
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Gracia M Quintana-Navarro
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Garcia
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), Spain (J.C.F.-G.)
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (J.M.O.).,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain (J.M.O.)
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Elena M Yubero-Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.).,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (J.J.-T., J.F.A.-D., J.D.T.-P., F.M.G.-M., A.L.-A., P.G.-L., C.F.-G., G.M.Q.-N., F.C.F.-G., P.P.-M., J.D.-L., E.M.Y.-S., J.L.-M.)
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15
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Domínguez-López I, Marhuenda-Muñoz M, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Hernáez Á, Moreno JJ, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Fitó M, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Bernal-Lopez MR, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Martín-Sánchez V, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, Serra-Mir M, Vázquez-Ruiz Z, Nishi SK, Sorli JV, Castañer O, Abete I, Luna JV, Carabaño-Moral R, Asencio A, Prohens L, Garcia-Rios A, Casas R, Gomez-Perez AM, Santos-Lozano JM, Razquin C, Martínez MÁ, Saiz C, Robledo-Pastor V, Zulet MA, Salaverria I, Eguaras S, Babio N, Malcampo M, Ros E, Estruch R, López-Sabater MC, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption is Inversely Associated with Plasma Saturated Fatty Acids at Baseline in Predimed Plus Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100363. [PMID: 34273124 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Plasma fatty acids (FAs) are associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study is to assess the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and plasma FAs and their subtypes. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma FAs are assessed in a cross-sectional analysis of a subsample of 240 subjects from the PREDIMED-Plus study. Participants are categorized into four groups of fruit, vegetable, and fat intake according to the food frequency questionnaire. Plasma FA analysis is performed using gas chromatography. Associations between FAs and F&V consumption are adjusted for age, sex, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), total energy intake, and alcohol consumption. Plasma saturated FAs are lower in groups with high F&V consumption (-1.20 mg cL-1 [95% CI: [-2.22, -0.18], p-value = 0.021), especially when fat intake is high (-1.74 mg cL-1 [95% CI: [-3.41, -0.06], p-value = 0.042). Total FAs and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs tend to be lower in high consumers of F&V only in the high-fat intake groups. CONCLUSIONS F&V consumption is associated with lower plasma saturated FAs when fat intake is high. These findings suggest that F&V consumption may have different associations with plasma FAs depending on their subtype and on the extent of fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Domínguez-López
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
| | - María Marhuenda-Muñoz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Hernáez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan José Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nursing, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Rosa Bernal-Lopez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital of Malaga
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Luís Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, and IDISBA, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín-Sánchez
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Serra-Mir
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Stephanie K Nishi
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Jose V Sorli
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Vaquero Luna
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Carabaño-Moral
- Distrito de Atención Primaria Costa del Sol, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Unidad de Gestión Clínica Arroyo de la Miel, Benalmádena, Spain
| | - Alberto Asencio
- Centro Atención Primaria de Mutxamel de FISABIO, Alicante, Spain
| | - Lara Prohens
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Gomez-Perez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital of Malaga
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martínez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Carmen Saiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Robledo-Pastor
- Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Angeles Zulet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Salaverria
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sonia Eguaras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Primary Care Services, Servicio Navarro de Salud (Osasunbidea), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Mireia Malcampo
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Carmen López-Sabater
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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de Araújo AR, Sampaio GR, da Silva LR, Portal VL, Markoski MM, de Quadros AS, Rogero MM, da Silva Torres EAF, Marcadenti A. Effects of extra virgin olive oil and pecans on plasma fatty acids in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111411. [PMID: 34425320 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a healthy diet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil or pecans on plasma fatty acids (PFAs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Patients 40 to 80 y of age were randomized to one of three dietary interventions (allocation ratio 1: 1: 1): healthy diet based on guidelines (control group [CG]), healthy diet supplemented with 30 g/d of pecans (PNG), or a healthy diet supplemented with 30 mL/d of extra virgin olive oil (OOG). PFAs were identified at baseline and at the end of follow-up (12 wk), and correlations between dietary fatty acids intake, PFAs, and clinical biomarkers of the lipid profile were also assessed before and after the interventions. RESULTS Among 149 participants included in the analysis (43 CG; 51 PNG; and 55 OOG), correlations were observed between food intake, PFAs, and lipid profile before and after interventions independent of statins used, but all were considered weak. At the end of the study, the OOG showed increased concentrations of oleic fatty acid independently of the type of statin in use (1.49%; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-2.89; P = 0.029); however, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding the final mean values of oleic fatty acid or in the other PFAs. CONCLUSIONS In patients with stable CAD, there were no significant differences in PFAs after 12 wk according to dietary interventions evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ramos de Araújo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Geni Rodrigues Sampaio
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Lúcia Portal
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Melissa Medeiros Markoski
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Schaan de Quadros
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Marcadenti
- HCor Research Institute, Hospital do Coração (IP-HCor), São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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17
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Giroli MG, Werba JP, Risé P, Porro B, Sala A, Amato M, Tremoli E, Bonomi A, Veglia F. Effects of Mediterranean Diet or Low-Fat Diet on Blood Fatty Acids in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. A Randomized Intervention Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072389. [PMID: 34371898 PMCID: PMC8308706 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) prevents cardiovascular disease by different putative mechanisms, including modifications in the blood fatty acid (FA) profile. Polytherapy for secondary cardiovascular prevention might mask the effect of MD on the FA profile. This study was aimed to assess whether MD, in comparison with a low-fat diet (LFD), favorably modifies the blood FA profile in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) on polytherapy. One hundred and twenty patients with a recent history of coronary stenting, randomized to MD or to LFD, completed 3 months of this open-label dietary intervention study. Diet Mediterranean-ness was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MeDAS) score. Both diets significantly reduced saturated FA (p < 0.01). Putative favorable changes in total n-3 FA (p = 0.03) and eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA; p = 0.04) were significantly larger with MD than with LFD. At 3 months, in the whole cohort, the MeDAS score correlated inversely with palmitic acid (R = −0.21, p = 0.02), and with palmitoleic acid (R = −0.32, p = 0.007), and positively with total n-3 FA (R = 0.19, p = 0.03), EPA (R = 0.28, p = 0.002), and EPA + DHA (R = 0.21, p = 0.02). In CHD patients on polytherapy, both MD and LFD shift FA blood composition towards a healthier profile, with a more favorable effect of MD on omega−3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gianna Giroli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)2-5800-2617
| | - José Pablo Werba
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Patrizia Risé
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Benedetta Porro
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Angelo Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.R.); (A.S.)
- IRIB Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo la Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Amato
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, Via Corriera, 1, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (J.P.W.); (B.P.); (M.A.); (E.T.); (A.B.); (F.V.)
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18
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Harrison S, Couture P, Lamarche B. Diet Quality, Saturated Fat and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113232. [PMID: 33105691 PMCID: PMC7690379 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Indices reflecting overall diet quality are used globally in research to predict the risk of various diseases and metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Such indices are built to measure adherence to current dietary guidelines or to best assess the diet-disease relationship. Although mostly food-based, dietary guidelines often include recommendations to limit saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, not all diet quality indices consider SFA in their definition of diet quality. Additionally, the relationship between SFA consumption and the development of MetS remains unclear. The purpose of this short review was to explore the association between MetS and various diet quality indices and dietary patterns, with a focus on how SFA contributes to these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Harrison
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.H.); (P.C.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.H.); (P.C.)
- CHU Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.H.); (P.C.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-656-2131 (ext. 404355)
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19
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Barrea L, Annunziata G, Bordoni L, Muscogiuri G, Colao A, Savastano S. Nutrigenetics-personalized nutrition in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2020; 10:1-13. [PMID: 32714508 PMCID: PMC7371677 DOI: 10.1038/s41367-020-0014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data support the view that both obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for a high proportion of total morbidity and mortality in adults throughout the world. Obesity and CVD have complex interplay mechanisms of genetic and environmental factors, including diet. Nutrition is an environmental factor and it has a predominant and recognizable role in health management and in the prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases, including CVD. However, there is a marked variation in CVD in patients with obesity and the same dietary pattern. The different genetic polymorphisms could explain this variation, which leads to the emergence of the concept of nutrigenetics. Nutritional genomics or nutrigenetics is the science that studies and characterizes gene variants associated with differential response to specific nutrients and relating this variation to various diseases, such as CVD related to obesity. Thus, the personalized nutrition recommendations, based on the knowledge of an individual's genetic background, might improve the outcomes of a specific dietary intervention and represent a new dietary approach to improve health, reducing obesity and CVD. Given these premises, it is intuitive to suppose that the elucidation of diet and gene interactions could support more specific and effective dietary interventions in both obesity and CVD prevention through personalized nutrition based on nutrigenetics. This review aims to briefly summarize the role of the most important genes associated with obesity and CVD and to clarify the knowledge about the relation between nutrition and gene expression and the role of the main nutrition-related genes in obesity and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Macerata Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - on behalf of Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) Group
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Macerata Italy
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20
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Hooper L, Abdelhamid AS, Jimoh OF, Bunn D, Skeaff CM. Effects of total fat intake on body fatness in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 6:CD013636. [PMID: 32476140 PMCID: PMC7262429 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal proportion of energy from fat in our food and its relation to body weight is not clear. In order to prevent overweight and obesity in the general population, we need to understand the relationship between the proportion of energy from fat and resulting weight and body fatness in the general population. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of proportion of energy intake from fat on measures of body fatness (including body weight, waist circumference, percentage body fat and body mass index) in people not aiming to lose weight, using all appropriate randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of at least six months duration. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) to October 2019. We did not limit the search by language. SELECTION CRITERIA Trials fulfilled the following criteria: 1) randomised intervention trial, 2) included adults aged at least 18 years, 3) randomised to a lower fat versus higher fat diet, without the intention to reduce weight in any participants, 4) not multifactorial and 5) assessed a measure of weight or body fatness after at least six months. We duplicated inclusion decisions and resolved disagreement by discussion or referral to a third party. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data on the population, intervention, control and outcome measures in duplicate. We extracted measures of body fatness (body weight, BMI, percentage body fat and waist circumference) independently in duplicate at all available time points. We performed random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression, subgrouping, sensitivity, funnel plot analyses and GRADE assessment. MAIN RESULTS We included 37 RCTs (57,079 participants). There is consistent high-quality evidence from RCTs that reducing total fat intake results in small reductions in body fatness; this was seen in almost all included studies and was highly resistant to sensitivity analyses (GRADE high-consistency evidence, not downgraded). The effect of eating less fat (compared with higher fat intake) is a mean body weight reduction of 1.4 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.7 to -1.1 kg, in 53,875 participants from 26 RCTs, I2 = 75%). The heterogeneity was explained in subgrouping and meta-regression. These suggested that greater weight loss results from greater fat reductions in people with lower fat intake at baseline, and people with higher body mass index (BMI) at baseline. The size of the effect on weight does not alter over time and is mirrored by reductions in BMI (MD -0.5 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.6 to -0.3, 46,539 participants in 14 trials, I2 = 21%), waist circumference (MD -0.5 cm, 95% CI -0.7 to -0.2, 16,620 participants in 3 trials; I2 = 21%), and percentage body fat (MD -0.3% body fat, 95% CI -0.6 to 0.00, P = 0.05, in 2350 participants in 2 trials; I2 = 0%). There was no suggestion of harms associated with low fat diets that might mitigate any benefits on body fatness. The reduction in body weight was reflected in small reductions in LDL (-0.13 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.21 to -0.05), and total cholesterol (-0.23 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.32 to -0.14), with little or no effect on HDL cholesterol (-0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.00), triglycerides (0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.07), systolic (-0.75 mmHg, 95% CI -1.42 to -0.07) or diastolic blood pressure(-0.52 mmHg, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.09), all GRADE high-consistency evidence or quality of life (0.04, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07, on a scale of 0 to 10, GRADE low-consistency evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Trials where participants were randomised to a lower fat intake versus a higher fat intake, but with no intention to reduce weight, showed a consistent, stable but small effect of low fat intake on body fatness: slightly lower weight, BMI, waist circumference and percentage body fat compared with higher fat arms. Greater fat reduction, lower baseline fat intake and higher baseline BMI were all associated with greater reductions in weight. There was no evidence of harm to serum lipids, blood pressure or quality of life, but rather of small benefits or no effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Oluseyi F Jimoh
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Diane Bunn
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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21
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Criado-Navarro I, Mena-Bravo A, Calderón-Santiago M, Priego-Capote F. Profiling analysis of phospholipid fatty acids in serum as a complement to the comprehensive fatty acids method. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1619:460965. [PMID: 32085913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are mostly found in blood as triglycerides, phospholipids (PLs) and cholesteryl esters. Determination of FAs is typically carried out in serum or plasma by a comprehensive method (known as the classical FAMEs method since FAs are determined as Fatty Acids Methyl Esters), which is based on liquid-liquid extraction, derivatization by transesterification, and determination by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a suited detection technique. However, this method does not favor the determination of FAs that are chemically conjugated in PLs due to kinetics impediment. For this reason, we have developed a selective method to determine the FAs profile of PLs in serum based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) for isolation of PLs and determination of the FAME derivatives by GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method was applied to serum samples collected from twenty-five individuals to compare the FAs profile versus that provided by the non-selective protocol based on liquid-liquid extraction of lipid families. Statistical analysis revealed compositional changes in the FAs profile with special emphasis on the content of saturated (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs). Thus, SFAs passed from 34.0% with the classical method to 49.3% in PLs while MUFAs went from 24.4% to 11.4%. This study proves that the proposed method provides complementary results to the comprehensive method and, therefore, both methods can be combined to evaluate the effect of intervention diets and their connection to metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Criado-Navarro
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Mena-Bravo
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mónica Calderón-Santiago
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Serra-Majem L, Román-Viñas B, Sanchez-Villegas A, Guasch-Ferré M, Corella D, La Vecchia C. Benefits of the Mediterranean diet: Epidemiological and molecular aspects. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 67:1-55. [PMID: 31254553 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
More than 50 years after the Seven Countries Study, a large number of epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and health, through observational, case-control, some longitudinal and a few experimental studies. The overall results show strong evidence suggesting a protective effect of the MD mainly on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and certain types of cancer. The beneficial effects have been attributed to the types of food consumed, total dietary pattern, components in the food, cooking techniques, eating behaviors and lifestyle behaviors, among others. The aim of this article is to review and summarize the knowledge derived from the literature focusing on the benefits of the MD on health, including those that have been extensively investigated (CVD, cancer) along with more recent issues such as mental health, immunity, quality of life, etc. The review begins with a brief description of the MD and its components. Then we present a review of studies evaluating metabolic biomarkers and genotypes in relation to the MD. Other sections are dedicated to observation and intervention studies for various pathologies. Finally, some insights into the relationship between the MD and sustainability are explored. In conclusion, the research undertaken on metabolomics approaches has identified potential markers for certain MD components and patterns, but more investigation is needed to obtain valid measures. Further evaluation of gene-MD interactions are also required to better understand the mechanisms by which the MD diet exerts its beneficial effects on health. Observation and intervention studies, particularly PREDIMED, have provided invaluable data on the benefits of the MD for a wide range of chronic diseases. However further research is needed to explore the effects of other lifestyle components associated with Mediterranean populations, its environmental impact, as well as the MD extrapolation to non-Mediterranean contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Serra-Majem
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Nutrition Research Foundation, University of Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Blanca Román-Viñas
- Nutrition Research Foundation, University of Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; School of Health and Sport Sciences (EUSES), Universitat de Girona, Salt, Spain; Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit. Department of Preventive Medicine. University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Garcia-Aloy M, Hulshof PJM, Estruel-Amades S, Osté MCJ, Lankinen M, Geleijnse JM, de Goede J, Ulaszewska M, Mattivi F, Bakker SJL, Schwab U, Andres-Lacueva C. Biomarkers of food intake for nuts and vegetable oils: an extensive literature search. GENES & NUTRITION 2019; 14:7. [PMID: 30923582 PMCID: PMC6423890 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuts and vegetable oils are important sources of fat and of a wide variety of micronutrients and phytochemicals. Following their intake, several of their constituents, as well as their derived metabolites, are found in blood circulation and in urine. As a consequence, these could be used to assess the compliance to a dietary intervention or to determine habitual intake of nuts and vegetable oils. However, before these metabolites can be widely used as biomarkers of food intake (BFIs), several characteristics have to be considered, including specificity, dose response, time response, stability, and analytical performance. We have, therefore, conducted an extensive literature search to evaluate current knowledge about potential BFIs of nuts and vegetable oils. Once identified, the strengths and weaknesses of the most promising candidate BFIs have been summarized. Results from selected studies have provided a variety of compounds mainly derived from the fatty fraction of these foods, but also other components and derived metabolites related to their nutritional composition. In particular, α-linolenic acid, urolithins, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid seem to be the most plausible candidate BFIs for walnuts, whereas for almonds they could be α-tocopherol and some catechin-derived metabolites. Similarly, several studies have reported a strong association between selenium levels and consumption of Brazil nuts. Intake of vegetable oils has been mainly assessed through the measurement of specific fatty acids in different blood fractions, such as oleic acid for olive oil, α-linolenic acid for flaxseed (linseed) and rapeseed (canola) oils, and linoleic acid for sunflower oil. Additionally, hydroxytyrosol and its metabolites were the most promising distinctive BFIs for (extra) virgin olive oil. However, most of these components lack sufficient specificity to serve as BFIs. Therefore, additional studies are necessary to discover new candidate BFIs, as well as to further evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, dose-response relationships, and reproducibility of these candidate biomarkers and to eventually validate them in other populations. For the discovery of new candidate BFIs, an untargeted metabolomics approach may be the most effective strategy, whereas for increasing the specificity of the evaluation of food consumption, this could be a combination of different metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul J. M. Hulshof
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sheila Estruel-Amades
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maryse C. J. Osté
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Lankinen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna M. Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janette de Goede
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marynka Ulaszewska
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, TN Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, TN Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ursula Schwab
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Rees K, Takeda A, Martin N, Ellis L, Wijesekara D, Vepa A, Das A, Hartley L, Stranges S. Mediterranean-style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 3:CD009825. [PMID: 30864165 PMCID: PMC6414510 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009825.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Seven Countries study in the 1960s showed that populations in the Mediterranean region experienced lower coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality probably as a result of different dietary patterns. Later observational studies have confirmed the benefits of adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors but clinical trial evidence is more limited. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of a Mediterranean-style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of CVD. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2018, Issue 9); MEDLINE (Ovid, 1946 to 25 September 2018); Embase (Ovid, 1980 to 2018 week 39); Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters, 1900 to 26 September 2018); DARE Issue 2 of 4, 2015 (Cochrane Library); HTA Issue 4 of 4, 2016 (Cochrane Library); NHS EED Issue 2 of 4, 2015 (Cochrane Library). We searched trial registers and applied no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in healthy adults and adults at high risk of CVD (primary prevention) and those with established CVD (secondary prevention). Both of the following key components were required to reach our definition of a Mediterranean-style diet: high monounsaturated/saturated fat ratio (use of olive oil as main cooking ingredient and/or consumption of other traditional foods high in monounsaturated fats such as tree nuts) and a high intake of plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables and legumes. Additional components included: low to moderate red wine consumption; high consumption of whole grains and cereals; low consumption of meat and meat products and increased consumption of fish; moderate consumption of milk and dairy products. The intervention could be dietary advice, provision of relevant foods, or both. The comparison group received either no intervention, minimal intervention, usual care or another dietary intervention. Outcomes included clinical events and CVD risk factors. We included only studies with follow-up periods of three months or more defined as the intervention period plus post intervention follow-up. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We conducted four main comparisons:1. Mediterranean dietary intervention versus no intervention or minimal intervention for primary prevention;2. Mediterranean dietary intervention versus another dietary intervention for primary prevention;3. Mediterranean dietary intervention versus usual care for secondary prevention;4. Mediterranean dietary intervention versus another dietary intervention for secondary prevention. MAIN RESULTS In this substantive review update, 30 RCTs (49 papers) (12,461 participants randomised) and seven ongoing trials met our inclusion criteria. The majority of trials contributed to primary prevention: comparisons 1 (nine trials) and 2 (13 trials). Secondary prevention trials were included for comparison 3 (two trials) and comparison 4 (four trials plus an additional two trials that were excluded from the main analyses due to published concerns regarding the reliability of the data).Two trials reported on adverse events where these were absent or minor (low- to moderate-quality evidence). No trials reported on costs or health-related quality of life.Primary preventionThe included studies for comparison 1 did not report on clinical endpoints (CVD mortality, total mortality or non-fatal endpoints such as myocardial infarction or stroke). The PREDIMED trial (included in comparison 2) was retracted and re-analysed following concerns regarding randomisation at two of 11 sites. Low-quality evidence shows little or no effect of the PREDIMED (7747 randomised) intervention (advice to follow a Mediterranean diet plus supplemental extra-virgin olive oil or tree nuts) compared to a low-fat diet on CVD mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50 to 1.32) or total mortality (HR 1.0, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.24) over 4.8 years. There was, however, a reduction in the number of strokes with the PREDIMED intervention (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.80), a decrease from 24/1000 to 14/1000 (95% CI 11 to 19), moderate-quality evidence). For CVD risk factors for comparison 1 there was low-quality evidence for a possible small reduction in total cholesterol (-0.16 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.00) and moderate-quality evidence for a reduction in systolic (-2.99 mmHg (95% CI -3.45 to -2.53) and diastolic blood pressure (-2.0 mmHg, 95% CI -2.29 to -1.71), with low or very low-quality evidence of little or no effect on LDL or HDL cholesterol or triglycerides. For comparison 2 there was moderate-quality evidence of a possible small reduction in LDL cholesterol (-0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.02) and triglycerides (-0.09 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.16 to -0.01) with moderate or low-quality evidence of little or no effect on total or HDL cholesterol or blood pressure.Secondary preventionFor secondary prevention, the Lyon Diet Heart Study (comparison 3) examined the effect of advice to follow a Mediterranean diet and supplemental canola margarine compared to usual care in 605 CHD patients over 46 months and there was low-quality evidence of a reduction in adjusted estimates for CVD mortality (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.82) and total mortality (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.92) with the intervention. Only one small trial (101 participants) provided unadjusted estimates for composite clinical endpoints for comparison 4 (very low-quality evidence of uncertain effect). For comparison 3 there was low-quality evidence of little or no effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on lipid levels and very low-quality evidence for blood pressure. Similarly, for comparison 4 where only two trials contributed to the analyses there was low or very low-quality evidence of little or no effect of the intervention on lipid levels or blood pressure. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Despite the relatively large number of studies included in this review, there is still some uncertainty regarding the effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on clinical endpoints and CVD risk factors for both primary and secondary prevention. The quality of evidence for the modest benefits on CVD risk factors in primary prevention is low or moderate, with a small number of studies reporting minimal harms. There is a paucity of evidence for secondary prevention. The ongoing studies may provide more certainty in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rees
- University of WarwickDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Andrea Takeda
- University College LondonInstitute of Health Informatics ResearchLondonUK
| | - Nicole Martin
- University College LondonInstitute of Health Informatics ResearchLondonUK
| | - Leila Ellis
- University of WarwickDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Dilini Wijesekara
- University of WarwickDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Abhinav Vepa
- University of WarwickDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Archik Das
- University of WarwickDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | | | - Saverio Stranges
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsLondonCanada
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Oleic acid ameliorates adrenaline induced dysfunction of rat heart mitochondria by binding with adrenaline: An isothermal titration calorimetry study. Life Sci 2019; 218:96-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Joshi A, Amadi C, Schumer H, Galitzdorfer L, Gaba A. A human centered approach to design a diet app for patients with metabolic syndrome. Mhealth 2019; 5:43. [PMID: 31620470 PMCID: PMC6789292 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth.2019.08.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to utilize a human-centered approach in designing a diet app that would assist in management of patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS A convenience sample of 10 dietetic interns (DIs) who were attending their informatics rotation at the City University of New York School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY GSPHHP) were recruited during October 2017. The study was conducted in two phases. In phase 1, the DIs received a tutorial on the use of human-centered approach in designing mobile health applications. In phase 2, the DIs were provided a case study for which they designed an app for patients to manage metabolic syndrome using a human centered approach. The goal of phase 2 was to identify the features that were believed to be most important when designing this metabolic syndrome app. An initial questionnaire was administered to the DIs to gather information on their socio-demographics, prior training in nutrition, smart phone usage, perceptions about food logs, and calorie intake calculations. Subsequent questionnaires gathered information from the DIs on their preferred diet app components, app features, rankings of the features, and mock representations of the diet app with the selected features. RESULTS The DIs were enrolled in the supervised practice component of their training to be Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs). Fifty percent of them had previously worked in a nutrition-related field. One-third of them were currently using a nutrition app. The top five features of the proposed diet app which the DIs identified as very important included (I) personalization of the app based on user preferences (80%, n=8); (II) disease specific education tips (90%, n=9); (III) ability to track progress (80%; n=8); (IV) reminders (70%, n=7) and (V) reinforcement based on user feedback (50%, n=5). In translating the identified features into functional requirements, majority of the DIs felt that the five key features identified should incorporate the following components: (I) personalization of the app should comprise information on medical factors, personal information, personal preferences, and recording weights; (II) disease specific educational tips should comprise information on food selections, low sodium options, and recipes for diabetes; (III) tracking progress should comprise features for storing audio files, viewing previous logs and uploading photos into a library; (IV) reminders should comprise daily messages to the users from the app; and (V) reinforcement should comprise provisions to enter motivational messages. CONCLUSIONS Our study lends support to the need for utilizing human-centered design (HCD) approaches in developing e-health dietary apps as well other non-diet related apps. App developers are encouraged to incorporate user characteristics, needs and preferences using a HCD framework that will allow for reproducibility, tailoring, user satisfaction, and effectiveness assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Joshi
- CUNY Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chioma Amadi
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harleigh Schumer
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leah Galitzdorfer
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann Gaba
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
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Di Renzo L, Cioccoloni G, Falco S, Abenavoli L, Moia A, Sinibaldi Salimei P, De Lorenzo A. Influence of FTO rs9939609 and Mediterranean diet on body composition and weight loss: a randomized clinical trial. J Transl Med 2018; 16:308. [PMID: 30419927 PMCID: PMC6233363 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Mediterranean diet (MeD) plays a key role in the prevention of obesity. Among the genes involved in obesity, the Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is one of the most known, but its interaction with MeD remained uncertain so far. Methods We carried out a study on a sample of 188 Italian subjects, analyzing their FTO rs9939609 alleles, and the difference in body composition between the baseline and a 4-weeks nutritional intervention. The sample was divided into two groups: the control group of 49 subjects, and the MeD group of 139 subjects. Results We found significant relations between MeD and both variation of total body fat (ΔTBFat) (p = 0.00) and gynoid body fat (p = 0.04). ∆TBFat (kg) demonstrated to have a significant relation with the interaction diet-gene (p = 0.04), whereas FTO was associated with the variation of total body water (p = 0.02). Conclusions MeD demonstrated to be a good nutritional treatment to reduce the body fat mass, whereas data about FTO remain uncertain. Confirming or rejecting the hypothesis of FTO and its influence on body tissues during nutritional treatments is fundamental to decide whether its effect has to be taken into consideration during both development of dietetic plans and patients monitoring. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Id: NCT01890070. Registered 01 July 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01890070
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Di Renzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cioccoloni
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Falco
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Moia
- PhD School of History and Philosophical-social Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Orazio Raimondo 18, 00173, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sinibaldi Salimei
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Verger EO, Perignon M, El Ati J, Darmon N, Dop MC, Drogué S, Dury S, Gaillard C, Sinfort C, Amiot MJ. A "Fork-to-Farm" Multi-Scale Approach to Promote Sustainable Food Systems for Nutrition and Health: A Perspective for the Mediterranean Region. Front Nutr 2018; 5:30. [PMID: 29872660 PMCID: PMC5972324 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean countries are undergoing dietary and nutritional changes that affect their inhabitants' health, while facing massive environmental challenges. The increasing demand of water in agriculture, the capacity to maintain local food production, and the growing dependence on food imports are interconnected issues that must be addressed to ensure food security and nutrition in the Mediterranean region. Here, we present the conceptual framework and methodologies developed by the MEDINA-Study Group for rethinking food systems toward sustainable consumption and production modes. Based on its multidisciplinary expertise, the MEDINA-Study Group designed a "fork-to-farm" multi-scale approach, stemming from current dietary habits and examining how some options to nutritionally improve these habits might affect the food systems. This approach was developed for research activities in the South of France and Tunisia, two areas with very different diet-agriculture-environment nexus. The conceptual framework is based on the analysis of elements of the food systems (from consumption to production) at different levels (individual, household, regional and national levels). The methods include: (i) modeling options of dietary changes at different scales, in order to nutritionally optimize food consumption-production without increasing the environmental impact, (ii) translating the best-choice changes into possible policy actions, (iii) testing the acceptability and feasibility of these actions with several stakeholders, and (iv) producing guidelines for sustainable food choices and production. The MEDINA-Study Group identified additional issues that could be included in a future framework to help designing ambitious agricultural, food and health policies in the Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric O. Verger
- NUTRIPASS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marlene Perignon
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jalila El Ati
- Research Laboratory SURVEN Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology in Tunisia, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INNTA), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nicole Darmon
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sophie Drogué
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Dury
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Gaillard
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Carole Sinfort
- ELSA Group, ITAP, SupAgro, Irstea, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Lima-Cabello E, Biel-Glesson S, Fernandez-Navarro JR, Calleja MA, Roca M, Espejo-Calvo JA, Gil-Extremera B, Soria-Florido M, de la Torre R, Fito M, Covas MI, Alche JDD, Martinez de Victoria E, Gil A, Mesa MD. Effects of Virgin Olive Oils Differing in Their Bioactive Compound Contents on Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Functional Risk Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2018; 10:E626. [PMID: 29772657 PMCID: PMC5986505 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of virgin olive oils (VOOs) enriched with phenolic compounds and triterpenes on metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers in healthy adults. The trial was a three-week randomized, crossover, controlled, double-blind, intervention study involving 58 subjects supplemented with a daily dose (30 mL) of three oils: (1) a VOO (124 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); (2) an optimized VOO (OVOO) (490 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); and (3) a functional olive oil (FOO) high in phenolic compounds (487 ppm) and enriched with triterpenes (389 ppm). Metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers were determined in vivo and ex vivo. Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) increased after the OVOO intake. Plasma endothelin-1 levels decreased after the intake of the three olive oils, and in blood cell cultures challenged. Daily intake of VOO enriched in phenolic compounds improved plasma HDLc, although no differences were found at the end of the three interventions, while VOO with at least 124 ppm of phenolic compounds, regardless of the triterpenes content improved the systemic endothelin-1 levels in vivo and ex vivo. No effect of triterpenes was observed after three weeks of interventions. Results need to be confirmed in subjects with metabolic syndrome and impaired endothelial function (Clinical Trials number NCT02520739).
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elena Lima-Cabello
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sara Biel-Glesson
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jose R Fernandez-Navarro
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Calleja
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Roca
- Food Phytochemistry Department, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University Campus Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Juan A Espejo-Calvo
- Instituto para la Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (ICSA), Avenida de la Hispanidad 17, 18320 Santa Fe, Granada, Spain.
| | - Blas Gil-Extremera
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Soria-Florido
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fito
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria-Isabel Covas
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- NUPROAS Handelsbolag, Nackã, Sweden, NUPROAS HB, Apartado de Correos 93, 17242 Girona, Spain.
| | - Juan de Dios Alche
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Emilio Martinez de Victoria
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria D Mesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Figueiredo-González M, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Valentão P, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Andrade P, Cancho-Grande B. Evaluation of the neuroprotective and antidiabetic potential of phenol-rich extracts from virgin olive oils by in vitro assays. Food Res Int 2018; 106:558-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Pinto LC, De Souza CO, De Souza SA, Da Silva HB, Da Silva RR, Cerqueira-Lima AT, Teixeira TO, Da Silva TM, Medeiros KC, Bittencourt M, Brandão HR, Druzian JI, Conceição AS, Lopes MV, Figueiredo CA. Potential of Annona muricata L. seed oil: phytochemical and nutritional characterization associated with non-toxicity. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2018. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0777171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality, phenolic compounds, fatty acid and antioxidant activity in vitro as well as a toxicological screening of A. muricata seed oil in vivo. The chemical composition and quantification of phenolic compounds were determined by the Adolfo Lutz Institute normative. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The oil was extracted by chloroform/ methanol and precipitated crude (AmPtO) and supernatant oils (AmSO) were obtained. The fatty acid profile was evaluated by gas chromatography and total compounds by HPLC-DAD. BALB/C mice received AmPtO and AmSO (0.5 and 1.0mL·Kg-1) for 14 days. Toxicity parameters were assessed. The major fatty acids in the oil were oleic (39.2%) and linoleic (33%). HPLC-DAD suggested the presence of acetogenins (annonacin: 595 [M-H]-), with a greater presence in AmPtO. The AmPtO group showed toxicity, which may be related to the acetogenin content in AmPtO. The AmSO group showed no toxicity and this oil has potential for food or medicinal use.
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Schumer H, Amadi C, Joshi A. Evaluating the Dietary and Nutritional Apps in the Google Play Store. Healthc Inform Res 2018; 24:38-45. [PMID: 29503751 PMCID: PMC5820085 DOI: 10.4258/hir.2018.24.1.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the features of diet and nutrition apps available in the Google Play Store. Methods A search was conducted in August 2017 using the Google Play Store database to identify apps related to diet and nutrition. Terms entered into the app search engine included 'diet apps' and 'nutrition apps'. The first 50 apps resulting from each search term was assessed. Duplicates were removed, and a comparative analysis was performed on the remaining diet and nutrition apps. Results A total of 86 diet and nutrition apps were identified. One hundred percent (n = 86) of the apps retrieved were freely available. More than half of the apps were applicable to a target user group of all ages (94%, n = 81). Stratified analysis across unique diet and nutrition apps (total, n = 72) showed a higher average rating for the diet apps (4.4) in comparison to that for the nutrition apps (4.3). Diet apps were more likely to be recently updated than the nutrition apps (72% vs. 66%), and diet apps were more likely to feature app purchase than nutrition apps (36% vs. 19%). The average rating was slightly higher for diet apps not featuring in-app purchases, but ratings were similar for the nutrition apps. Conclusions A centralized resource is needed that can provide information on health-related apps to allow for systematic evaluation of their effectiveness. Further research needs to examine improved methods of designing app-store platforms and presenting the available apps to properly guide users in app selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleigh Schumer
- The CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chioma Amadi
- The CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashish Joshi
- The CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
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Gouvinhas I, Machado N, Sobreira C, Domínguez-Perles R, Gomes S, Rosa E, Barros AIRNA. Critical Review on the Significance of Olive Phytochemicals in Plant Physiology and Human Health. Molecules 2017; 22:E1986. [PMID: 29144445 PMCID: PMC6150410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil displays remarkable organoleptic and nutritional features, which turn it into a foodstuff appreciated by consumers, and a basic component of the Mediterranean diet. Indeed, the noticed benefits of including olive oil in the diet have been assigned to the presence of diverse bioactive compounds with different molecular structures. These compounds confer a wide range of biological properties to this food matrix, including the prevention of distinct human diseases as well as the modulation of their severity. The most relevant bioactive compounds present in olive oil correspond to benzoic and cinnamic acids, phenolic alcohols and secoiridoids, and also flavonoids. Over the last decades, several studies, devoted to gaining a further insight into the relative contribution of the separate groups and individual compounds for their biological activities, have been conducted, providing relevant information on structure-activity relationships. Therefore, this paper critically reviews the health benefits evidenced by distinct phenolic compounds found in olive oils, thus contributing to clarify the relationship between their chemical structures and biological functions, further supporting their interest as essential ingredients of wholesome foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Nelson Machado
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Carla Sobreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Gomes
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Di Pino A, Currenti W, Urbano F, Scicali R, Piro S, Purrello F, Rabuazzo AM. High intake of dietary advanced glycation end-products is associated with increased arterial stiffness and inflammation in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:978-984. [PMID: 28958695 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Modern diets are high in advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs), derived from processing methods, exerting a pivotal role in promoting atherosclerotic risk. In this cross-sectional study we investigate the relationship between dAGE intake, arterial stiffness, inflammatory profile and macronutrient composition, in subjects with type 2 diabetes without overt cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Arterial stiffness, carboxy-methyl-lysine, endogenous secretory receptor for AGEs (esRAGE), high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP), S100A12 and macronutrient intake were evaluated in 85 subjects with type 2 diabetes. The subjects were stratified into two groups according to dAGE consumption: high and low dAGE intake (≥ or <15.000 kU/day, respectively). Subjects with high dAGE intake (n = 45) showed a higher augmentation, augmentation index and pulse wave velocity (PWV) compared with those subjects with low dAGE intake (18 ± 5.4 vs 12.2 ± 6.3 mmHg, P < 0.05; 38.3 ± 5.4 vs 29.3 ± 10%; 9.2 ± 1.4 m/sec vs 7.9 ± 1.7, P < 0.05, respectively). hs-CRP were higher in subjects with high dAGE intake [0.42 (0.18-0.54) vs 0.21 (0.14-0.52) mg/dL, P < 0.05] whereas esRAGE plasma levels were lower [0.16 (0.23-0.81) vs 0.2 (0.14-0.54) ng/dL, P < 0.05]. Simple regression analysis showed a correlation between dAGEs and fat intake. Multivariate analysis showed an independent association between augmentation, systolic blood pressure (BP) and dAGE consumption; BMI and esRAGE were the major determinants of PWV. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that a chronic high dAGE diet could lead to a vascular dysfunction and inflammatory activation, contributing to the development of vascular complications in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Testing this hypothesis may represent a direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - W Currenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Urbano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R Scicali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - S Piro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - A M Rabuazzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jpr.11656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Effects of Polyphenol Intake on Metabolic Syndrome: Current Evidences from Human Trials. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5812401. [PMID: 28894509 PMCID: PMC5574312 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5812401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors which severely increases the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Several epidemiological studies have observed a negative association between polyphenol intake and MetS rates. Nevertheless, there are relatively small numbers of interventional studies evidencing this association. This review is focused on human interventional trials with polyphenols as polyphenol-rich foods and dietary patterns rich in polyphenols in patients with MetS. Current evidence suggests that polyphenol intake has the potential to alleviate MetS components by decreasing body weight, blood pressure, and blood glucose and by improving lipid metabolism. Therefore, high intake of polyphenol-rich foods such as nuts, fruits, vegetables, seasoning with aromatic plants, spices, and virgin olive oil may be the cornerstone of a healthy diet preventing the development and progression of MetS, although there is no polyphenol or polyphenol-rich food able to influence all MetS features. However, inconsistent results have been found in different trials, and more long-term randomized trials are warranted to develop public health strategies to decrease MetS rates.
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Figueiredo-González M, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Salvador MD, Cancho-Grande B, Fregapane G. State of the Art on Functional Virgin Olive Oils Enriched with Bioactive Compounds and Their Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030668. [PMID: 28335517 PMCID: PMC5372680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet, is per se considered as a functional food—as stated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)—due to its content in healthy compounds. The daily intake of endogenous bioactive phenolics from virgin olive oil is variable due to the influence of multiple agronomic and technological factors. Thus, a good strategy to ensure an optimal intake of polyphenols through habitual diet would be to produce enriched virgin olive oil with well-known bioactive polyphenols. Different sources of natural biological active substances can be potentially used to enrich virgin olive oil (e.g., raw materials derived from the same olive tree, mainly olive leaves and pomaces, and/or other compounds from plants and vegetables, mainly herbs and spices). The development of these functional olive oils may help in prevention of chronic diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, immune frailty, ageing disorders and degenerative diseases) and improving the quality of life for many consumers reducing health care costs. In the present review, the most relevant scientific information related to the development of enriched virgin olive oil and their positive human health effects has been collected and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Desamparados Salvador
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Robberecht H, De Bruyne T, Hermans N. Effect of various diets on biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:627-641. [PMID: 28027691 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1269726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the normal whole diet in different countries and of special types of diet on the biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is reviewed. Diet type, specification, risk of MetS and studied biomarkers, as far as could be traced, are included. Critical points in published studies are mentioned. Description of the traditional dietary patterns for the various countries is not always well-defined and numbers of persons in the studied population are sometimes quite limited, which hamper drawing definite conclusions. Since a Nordic diet, a dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH), and especially a Mediterranean diet are quite promising, due to its health claims, the food pattern is studied more in detail and a large spectrum of vegetarian diets are included as well. Most of the time lipid profile and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are the studied biomarkers in response to diet intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Robberecht
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Tess De Bruyne
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Nina Hermans
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods , NatuRA (Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
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de la Iglesia R, Loria-Kohen V, Zulet MA, Martinez JA, Reglero G, Ramirez de Molina A. Dietary Strategies Implicated in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1877. [PMID: 27834920 PMCID: PMC5133877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is established as the combination of central obesity and different metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. This cluster of factors affects approximately 10%-50% of adults worldwide and the prevalence has been increasing in epidemic proportions over the last years. Thus, dietary strategies to treat this heterogenic disease are under continuous study. In this sense, diets based on negative-energy-balance, the Mediterranean dietary pattern, n-3 fatty acids, total antioxidant capacity and meal frequency have been suggested as effective approaches to treat MetS. Furthermore, the type and percentage of carbohydrates, the glycemic index or glycemic load, and dietary fiber content are some of the most relevant aspects related to insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, which are important co-morbidities of MetS. Finally, new studies focused on the molecular action of specific nutritional bioactive compounds with positive effects on the MetS are currently an objective of scientific research worldwide. The present review summarizes some of the most relevant dietary approaches and bioactive compounds employed in the treatment of the MetS to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio de la Iglesia
- GENYAL Platform on Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- GENYAL Platform on Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Angeles Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- GENYAL Platform on Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Ramirez de Molina
- GENYAL Platform on Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Tovar J, de Mello VD, Nilsson A, Johansson M, Paananen J, Lehtonen M, Hanhineva K, Björck I. Reduction in cardiometabolic risk factors by a multifunctional diet is mediated via several branches of metabolism as evidenced by nontargeted metabolite profiling approach. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juscelino Tovar
- Food for Health Science Centre; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Vanessa D. de Mello
- Department of Clinical Nutrition; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Campus Kuopio Finland
| | - Anne Nilsson
- Food for Health Science Centre; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Maria Johansson
- Food for Health Science Centre; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Campus Kuopio Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Department of Clinical Nutrition; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Campus Kuopio Finland
| | - Inger Björck
- Food for Health Science Centre; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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Di Pino A, Currenti W, Urbano F, Mantegna C, Purrazzo G, Piro S, Purrello F, Rabuazzo AM. Low advanced glycation end product diet improves the lipid and inflammatory profiles of prediabetic subjects. J Clin Lipidol 2016; 10:1098-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Bihuniak JD, Ramos A, Huedo-Medina T, Hutchins-Wiese H, Kerstetter JE, Kenny AM. Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Diet and Its Influence on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:1767-1775. [PMID: 27568885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Mediterranean-style diet (MedSD) is associated with positive health outcomes, particularly reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. It is of interest to assess the feasibility of adherence to a MedSD in a subset of older adults in the United States. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of implementing a MedSD intervention in a subset of postmenopausal women living in the United States, and to detect the influence of this dietary pattern on blood lipid levels. DESIGN A partial feeding, nutrition counseling, pilot study with a one-group longitudinal design. PARTICIPANTS Sixteen healthy, postmenopausal, American women living in suburban communities in Farmington, CT, with a mean±standard deviation age of 77±6.8 years and a body mass index of 26.1±3.1. INTERVENTION Participants were counseled by a registered dietitian nutritionist on how to follow a MedSD, which included increased sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fruits, and vegetables, and decreased saturated fat, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and simple sugars for 12 weeks. To maintain isocaloric conditions, participants were asked to substitute sources of saturated fat and refined carbohydrates for extra virgin olive oil (3 T/day), walnuts (1.5 oz/day), and fatty fish (3 to 5 servings/wk), which were provided at 3-week intervals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dietary adherence measures included the Mediterranean Diet Score, 3-day diet records, and serum fatty acid and lipid profiles. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Mixed model longitudinal analyses were conducted to assess changes over time (Weeks 0, 12, and 24) in the outcome variables. RESULTS Mediterranean Diet Score increased by 8.9 points (P<0.001) after the MedSD phase. Dietary sugar decreased by 10.8 g (P<0.05), total dietary n-3 increased by 1.6 g (P<0.01), total dietary n-6 increased by 5.5 g (P<0.01), and dietary n-6:n3 ratio decreased by 3.6 units (P<0.01). In serum, 22:6 (n-3), 20:5 (n-3), and 18:3 (n-3) increased (P<0.001, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively), and 14:0, 16:0, 17:0, 20:4 (n-6), 22:4 (n-6) declined after the intervention (P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively), which support a change in dietary intake toward a MedSD. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased by 3.8 mg/dL (0.098 mmol/L) (P<0.05) and serum triglyceride levels decreased by 11.6 mg/dL (0.131 mmol/L) (P<0.10). CONCLUSIONS A pilot study of a 12-week MedSD intervention with counseling from a registered dietitian nutritionist can favorably influence the dietary pattern and lipid profile of postmenopausal women living in the United States.
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Could gestational diabetes mellitus be managed through dietary bioactive compounds? Current knowledge and future perspectives. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1129-44. [PMID: 26879600 PMCID: PMC4825102 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious problem growing worldwide that needs to be addressed with urgency in consideration of the resulting severe complications for both mother and fetus. Growing evidence indicates that a healthy diet rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, extra-virgin olive oil and fish has beneficial effects in both the prevention and management of several human diseases and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the latest data concerning the effects of dietary bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and PUFA on the molecular mechanisms regulating glucose homoeostasis. Several studies, mostly based on in vitro and animal models, indicate that dietary polyphenols, mainly flavonoids, positively modulate the insulin signalling pathway by attenuating hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, reducing inflammatory adipokines, and modifying microRNA (miRNA) profiles. Very few data about the influence of dietary exposure on GDM outcomes are available, although this approach deserves careful consideration. Further investigation, which includes exploring the ‘omics’ world, is needed to better understand the complex interaction between dietary compounds and GDM.
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Picklo MJ, Murphy EJ. A High-Fat, High-Oleic Diet, But Not a High-Fat, Saturated Diet, Reduces Hepatic α-Linolenic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Content in Mice. Lipids 2015; 51:537-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-015-4106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mediterranean diet reduces thromboxane A2 production in atrial fibrillation patients. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:899-903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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A multifunctional diet improves cardiometabolic-related biomarkers independently of weight changes: an 8-week randomized controlled intervention in healthy overweight and obese subjects. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2295-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hooper L, Abdelhamid A, Bunn D, Brown T, Summerbell CD, Skeaff CM. Effects of total fat intake on body weight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015:CD011834. [PMID: 26250104 PMCID: PMC10403157 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to prevent overweight and obesity in the general population we need to understand the relationship between the proportion of energy from fat and resulting weight and body fatness in the general population. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of proportion of energy intake from fat on measures of weight and body fatness (including obesity, waist circumference and body mass index) in people not aiming to lose weight, using all appropriate randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies in adults, children and young people SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL to March 2014 and MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL to November 2014. We did not limit the search by language. We also checked the references of relevant reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA Trials fulfilled the following criteria: 1) randomised intervention trial, 2) included children (aged ≥ 24 months), young people or adults, 3) randomised to a lower fat versus usual or moderate fat diet, without the intention to reduce weight in any participants, 4) not multifactorial and 5) assessed a measure of weight or body fatness after at least six months. We also included cohort studies in children, young people and adults that assessed the proportion of energy from fat at baseline and assessed the relationship with body weight or fatness after at least one year. We duplicated inclusion decisions and resolved disagreement by discussion or referral to a third party. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data on the population, intervention, control and outcome measures in duplicate. We extracted measures of weight and body fatness independently in duplicate at all available time points. We performed random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression, subgrouping, sensitivity and funnel plot analyses. MAIN RESULTS We included 32 RCTs (approximately 54,000 participants) and 30 sets of analyses of 25 cohorts. There is consistent evidence from RCTs in adults of a small weight-reducing effect of eating a smaller proportion of energy from fat; this was seen in almost all included studies and was highly resistant to sensitivity analyses. The effect of eating less fat (compared with usual diet) is a mean weight reduction of 1.5 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) -2.0 to -1.1 kg), but greater weight loss results from greater fat reductions. The size of the effect on weight does not alter over time and is mirrored by reductions in body mass index (BMI) (-0.5 kg/m(2), 95% CI -0.7 to -0.3) and waist circumference (-0.3 cm, 95% CI -0.6 to -0.02). Included cohort studies in children and adults most often do not suggest any relationship between total fat intake and later measures of weight, body fatness or change in body fatness. However, there was a suggestion that lower fat intake was associated with smaller increases in weight in middle-aged but not elderly adults, and in change in BMI in the highest validity child cohort. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Trials where participants were randomised to a lower fat intake versus usual or moderate fat intake, but with no intention to reduce weight, showed a consistent, stable but small effect of low fat intake on body fatness: slightly lower weight, BMI and waist circumference compared with controls. Greater fat reduction and lower baseline fat intake were both associated with greater reductions in weight. This effect of reducing total fat was not consistently reflected in cohort studies assessing the relationship between total fat intake and later measures of body fatness or change in body fatness in studies of children, young people or adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK, NR4 7TJ
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Lee YS, Cho Y, Shin MJ. Dietary Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Metabolic Factors: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013. Clin Nutr Res 2015; 4:182-9. [PMID: 26251837 PMCID: PMC4525135 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.3.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aim to evaluate the association between very long chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean population. The study population were recruited from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013). Using the cross-sectional study design, socio-demographic factors, medical history, and clinical measurements were investigated according to quartiles of VLSFAs intake. The associations between each and sum of VLSFAs intake and MetS were assessed by logistic regression. The result indicated that higher intake of VLSFAs was significantly associated with favorable metabolic status, including lower levels of circulating triglyceride (TG) (p < 0.05). Additionally, subjects with higher intake of arachidic acid and total VLSFAs were negatively associated with MetS risk compared to subjects with lower intake of those fatty acids (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary VLSFAs intake was associated with metabolic risk factors and lower risk of MetS in Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Sue Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea. ; Department of Public Health Science, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Yoonsu Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea. ; Department of Public Health Science, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea. ; Department of Public Health Science, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea. ; Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
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The role of olive oil in disease prevention: a focus on the recent epidemiological evidence from cohort studies and dietary intervention trials. Br J Nutr 2015; 113 Suppl 2:S94-101. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514003936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of olive oil within the Mediterranean diet has been long known to have many health benefits. However, only over the last decade has epidemiological research confirmed its protective role against developing several chronic diseases. The objective of this review was to give an overview of the state of art epidemiological evidence concerning the relationship between olive oil and key public health outcomes including mortality, CVD, diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), obesity and cancer, with a particular focus on recent results from cohort studies and dietary intervention trials. Recent epidemiological research has shown that regular consumption of olive oil is associated with increased longevity. This benefit is partly due to the olive oil's unequivocal cardio-protective role. There is converging evidence on the benefits of olive oil for preventing several CVD risk factors, including diabetes, MetS and obesity. Olive oil is also implicated in preventing certain cancers, with the most promising findings for breast and digestive tract cancers, although the data are still not entirely consistent and mainly from case–control studies. These health benefits are supported by strong mechanistic evidence from experimental studies, demonstrating that specific components of olive oil have antihypertensive, antithrombotic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and anticarcinogenic action. Despite the accumulating epidemiological research, there is still a lack of consistent results from high-quality studies for many health outcomes (i.e. certain cancers and metabolism-related disorders). Further research is mandatory, above all from prospective studies and randomised dietary intervention trials when feasible, to confirm some of the still potential health benefits.
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Perdomo L, Beneit N, Otero YF, Escribano Ó, Díaz-Castroverde S, Gómez-Hernández A, Benito M. Protective role of oleic acid against cardiovascular insulin resistance and in the early and late cellular atherosclerotic process. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:75. [PMID: 26055507 PMCID: PMC4475625 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several translational studies have identified the differential role between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids at cardiovascular level. However, the molecular mechanisms that support the protective role of oleate in cardiovascular cells are poorly known. For these reasons, we studied the protective role of oleate in the insulin resistance and in the atherosclerotic process at cellular level such as in cardiomyocytes (CMs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). METHODS The effect of oleate in the cardiovascular insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs were analyzed by Western blot, qRT-PCR, BrdU incorporation and cell cycle analysis. RESULTS Palmitate induced insulin resistance. However, oleate not only did not induce cardiovascular insulin resistance but also had a protective effect against insulin resistance induced by palmitate or TNFα. One mechanism involved might be the prevention by oleate of JNK-1/2 or NF-κB activation in response to TNF-α or palmitate. Oleate reduced MCP-1 and ICAM-1 and increased eNOS expression induced by proinflammatory cytokines in ECs. Furthermore, oleate impaired the proliferation induced by TNF-α, angiotensin II or palmitate and the apoptosis induced by TNF-α or thapsigargin in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a differential role between oleate and palmitate and support the concept of the cardioprotector role of oleate as the main lipid component of virgin olive oil. Thus, oleate protects against cardiovascular insulin resistance, improves endothelial dysfunction in response to proinflammatory signals and finally, reduces proliferation and apoptosis in VSMCs that may contribute to an ameliorated atherosclerotic process and plaque stability.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chemokine CCL2/drug effects
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Inflammation
- Insulin Resistance
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/drug effects
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- NF-kappa B/drug effects
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/drug effects
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Oleic Acid/pharmacology
- Palmitates/pharmacology
- Palmitic Acid/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Perdomo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Beneit
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda F Otero
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Escribano
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabela Díaz-Castroverde
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Benito
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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