1
|
Parekh P, Badachhape AA, Tanifum EA, Annapragada AV, Ghaghada KB. Advances in nanoprobes for molecular MRI of Alzheimer's disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1946. [PMID: 38426638 PMCID: PMC10983770 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and a leading cause of mortality in the elderly population. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has traditionally relied on evaluation of clinical symptoms for cognitive impairment with a definitive diagnosis requiring post-mortem demonstration of neuropathology. However, advances in disease pathogenesis have revealed that patients exhibit Alzheimer's disease pathology several decades before the manifestation of clinical symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the management of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The clinical availability of molecular MRI (mMRI) contrast agents can revolutionize the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In this article, we review advances in nanoparticle contrast agents, also referred to as nanoprobes, for mMRI of Alzheimer's disease. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parag Parekh
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Andrew A. Badachhape
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Eric A. Tanifum
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ananth V. Annapragada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Li Y, Guo S, Zhang W, Fang B, Wang S. Moving beyond traditional therapies: the role of nanomedicines in lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1363346. [PMID: 38389925 PMCID: PMC10883231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1363346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst a global rise in lung cancer occurrences, conventional therapies continue to pose substantial side effects and possess notable toxicities while lacking specificity. Counteracting this, the incorporation of nanomedicines can notably enhance drug delivery at tumor sites, extend a drug's half-life and mitigate inadvertent toxic and adverse impacts on healthy tissues, substantially influencing lung cancer's early detection and targeted therapy. Numerous studies signal that while the nano-characteristics of lung cancer nanomedicines play a pivotal role, further interplay with immune, photothermal, and genetic factors exist. This review posits that the progression towards multimodal combination therapies could potentially establish an efficacious platform for multimodal targeted lung cancer treatments. Current nanomedicines split into active and passive targeting. Active therapies focus on a single target, often with unsatisfactory results. Yet, developing combination systems targeting multiple sites could chart new paths in lung cancer therapy. Conversely, low drug delivery rates limit passive therapies. Utilizing the EPR effect to bind specific ligands on nanoparticles to tumor cell receptors might create a new regime combining active-passive targeting, potentially elevating the nanomedicines' concentration at target sites. This review collates recent advancements through the lens of nanomedicine's attributes for lung cancer therapeutics, the novel carrier classifications, targeted therapeutic modalities and their mechanisms, proposing that the emergence of multi-target nanocomposite therapeutics, combined active-passive targeting therapies and multimodal combined treatments will pioneer novel approaches and tools for future lung cancer clinical therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Medical College of Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qindao Binhai University (Qingdao Military-Cvil Integration Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- Medical College of Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sa Guo
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Meishan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weifen Zhang
- Medical College, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Bing Fang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qindao Binhai University (Qingdao Military-Cvil Integration Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Meishan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kronfeld A, Rose P, Baumgart J, Brockmann C, Othman AE, Schweizer B, Brockmann MA. Quantitative multi-energy micro-CT: A simulation and phantom study for simultaneous imaging of four different contrast materials using an energy integrating detector. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23013. [PMID: 38148814 PMCID: PMC10750148 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging from the development of single-energy Computed Tomography (CT) and Dual-Energy Computed Tomography, Multi-Energy Computed Tomography (MECT) is a promising tool allowing advanced material and tissue decomposition and thereby enabling the use of multiple contrast materials in preclinical research. The scope of this work was to evaluate whether a usual preclinical micro-CT system is applicable for the decomposition of different materials using MECT together with a matrix-inversion method and how different changes of the measurement-environment affect the results. A matrix-inversion based algorithm to differentiate up to five materials (iodine, iron, barium, gadolinium, residual material) by applying four different acceleration voltages/energy levels was established. We carried out simulations using different ratios and concentrations (given in fractions of volume units, VU) of the four different materials (plus residual material) at different noise-levels for 30 keV, 40 keV, 50 keV, 60 keV, 80 keV and 100 keV (monochromatic). Our simulation results were then confirmed by using region of interest-based measurements in a phantom-study at corresponding acceleration voltages. Therefore, different mixtures of contrast materials were scanned using a micro-CT. Voxel wise evaluation of the phantom imaging data was conducted to confirm its usability for future imaging applications and to estimate the influence of varying noise-levels, scattering, artifacts and concentrations. The analysis of our simulations showed the smallest deviation of 0.01 (0.003-0.15) VU between given and calculated concentrations of the different contrast materials when using an energy-combination of 30 keV, 40 keV, 50 keV and 100 keV for MECT. Subsequent MECT phantom measurements, however, revealed a combination of acceleration voltages of 30 kV, 40 kV, 60 kV and 100 kV as most effective for performing material decomposition with a deviation of 0.28 (0-1.07) mg/ml. The feasibility of our voxelwise analyses using the proposed algorithm was then confirmed by the generation of phantom parameter-maps that matched the known contrast material concentrations. The results were mostly influenced by the noise-level and the concentrations used in the phantoms. MECT using a standard micro-CT combined with a matrix inversion method is feasible at four different imaging energies and allows the differentiation of mixtures of up to four contrast materials plus an additional residual material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kronfeld
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neuroradiology, Langenbeck 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick Rose
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neuroradiology, Langenbeck 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Am Brückweg 26, 65428, Rüsselsheim am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Baumgart
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Translational Animal Research Center, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Brockmann
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neuroradiology, Langenbeck 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ahmed E. Othman
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neuroradiology, Langenbeck 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Schweizer
- RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Am Brückweg 26, 65428, Rüsselsheim am Main, Germany
| | - Marc Alexander Brockmann
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neuroradiology, Langenbeck 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu H, Capuani S, Badachhape AA, Di Trani N, Davila Gonzalez D, Vander Pol RS, Viswanath DI, Saunders S, Hernandez N, Ghaghada KB, Chen S, Nance E, Annapragada AV, Chua CYX, Grattoni A. Intratumoral nanofluidic system enhanced tumor biodistribution of PD-L1 antibody in triple-negative breast cancer. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10594. [PMID: 38023719 PMCID: PMC10658527 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, were recently approved for treatment-refractory triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where those with Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive early-stage disease had improved responses. ICIs are administered systemically in the clinic, however, reaching effective therapeutic dosing is challenging due to severe off-tumor toxicities. As such, intratumoral (IT) injection is increasingly investigated as an alternative delivery approach. However, repeated administration, which sometimes is invasive, is required due to rapid drug clearance from the tumor caused by increased interstitial fluid pressure. To minimize off-target drug biodistribution, we developed the nanofluidic drug-eluting seed (NDES) platform for sustained intratumoral release of therapeutic via molecular diffusion. Here we compared drug biodistribution between the NDES, intraperitoneal (IP) and intratumoral (IT) injection using fluorescently labeled PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (αPD-L1). We used two syngeneic TNBC murine models, EMT6 and 4T1, that differ in PD-L1 expression, immunogenicity, and transport phenotype. We investigated on-target (tumor) and off-target distribution using different treatment approaches. As radiotherapy is increasingly used in combination with immunotherapy, we sought to investigate its effect on αPD-L1 tumor accumulation and systemic distribution. The NDES-treated cohort displayed sustained levels of αPD-L1 in the tumor over the study period of 14 days with significantly lower off-target organ distribution, compared to the IP or IT injection. However, we observed differences in the biodistribution of αPD-L1 across tumor models and with radiation pretreatment. Thus, we sought to extensively characterize the tumor properties via histological analysis, diffusion evaluation and nanoparticles contrast-enhanced CT. Overall, we demonstrate that ICI delivery via NDES is an effective method for sustained on-target tumor delivery across tumor models and combination treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan‐Chen Liu
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Simone Capuani
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS)BeijingChina
| | | | - Nicola Di Trani
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Robin S. Vander Pol
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Dixita I. Viswanath
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Texas A&M University College of MedicineBryanTexasUSA
- Texas A&M University College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shani Saunders
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Nathanael Hernandez
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Department of RadiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of RadiologyTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shu‐Hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Neal Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Elizabeth Nance
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Ananth V. Annapragada
- Department of RadiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of RadiologyTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of SurgeryHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Radiation OncologyHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liao S, Zhou M, Wang Y, Lu C, Yin B, Zhang Y, Liu H, Yin X, Song G. Emerging biomedical imaging-based companion diagnostics for precision medicine. iScience 2023; 26:107277. [PMID: 37520706 PMCID: PMC10371849 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor heterogeneity, which leads to individual variations in tumor microenvironments, causes poor prognoses and limits therapeutic response. Emerging technology such as companion diagnostics (CDx) detects biomarkers and monitors therapeutic responses, allowing identification of patients who would benefit most from treatment. However, currently, most US Food and Drug Administration-approved CDx tests are designed to detect biomarkers in vitro and ex vivo, making it difficult to dynamically report variations of targets in vivo. Various medical imaging techniques offer dynamic measurement of tumor heterogeneity and treatment response, complementing CDx tests. Imaging-based companion diagnostics allow for patient stratification for targeted medicines and identification of patient populations benefiting from alternative therapeutic methods. This review summarizes recent developments in molecular imaging for predicting and assessing responses to cancer therapies, as well as the various biomarkers used in imaging-based CDx tests. We hope this review provides informative insights into imaging-based companion diagnostics and advances precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mengjie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Youjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Baoli Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Huiyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tavangari Z, Asadi M, Irajirad R, Sarikhani A, Alamzadeh Z, Ghaznavi H, Khoei S. 3D modeling of in vivo MRI-guided nano-photothermal therapy mediated by magneto-plasmonic nanohybrids. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:77. [PMID: 37528482 PMCID: PMC10394893 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01131-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nano-photothermal therapy (NPTT) has gained wide attention in cancer treatment due to its high efficiency and selective treatment strategy. The biggest challenges in the clinical application are the lack of (i) a reliable platform for mapping the thermal dose and (ii) efficient photothermal agents (PTAs). This study developed a 3D treatment planning for NPTT to reduce the uncertainty of treatment procedures, based on our synthesized nanohybrid. METHODS This study aimed to develop a three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) model for in vivo NPTT in mice using magneto-plasmonic nanohybrids, which are complex assemblies of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and gold nanorods. The model was based on Pennes' bio-heat equation and utilized a geometrically correct mice whole-body. CT26 colon tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were injected with nanohybrids and imaged using MRI (3 Tesla) before and after injection. MR images were segmented, and STereoLithography (STL) files of mice bodies and nanohybrid distribution in the tumor were established to create a realistic geometry for the model. The accuracy of the temperature predictions was validated by using an infrared (IR) camera. RESULTS The photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanohybrids was experimentally determined to be approximately 30%. The intratumoral (IT) injection group showed the highest temperature increase, with a maximum of 17 °C observed at the hottest point on the surface of the tumor-bearing mice for 300 s of laser exposure at a power density of 1.4 W/cm2. Furthermore, the highest level of tissue damage, with a maximum value of Ω = 0.4, was observed in the IT injection group, as determined through a simulation study. CONCLUSIONS Our synthesized nanohybrid shows potential as an effective agent for MRI-guided NPTT. The developed model accurately predicted temperature distributions and tissue damage in the tumor. However, the current temperature validation method, which relies on limited 2D measurements, may be too lenient. Further refinement is necessary to improve validation. Nevertheless, the presented FEM model holds great promise for clinical NPTT treatment planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Tavangari
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Physics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Asadi
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Irajirad
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Sarikhani
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Alamzadeh
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Samideh Khoei
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Medical Physics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vijayakumar J, Goudarzi NM, Eeckhaut G, Schrijnemakers K, Cnudde V, Boone MN. Characterization of Pharmaceutical Tablets by X-ray Tomography. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050733. [PMID: 37242516 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid dosage forms such as tablets are extensively used in drug administration for their simplicity and large-scale manufacturing capabilities. High-resolution X-ray tomography is one of the most valuable non-destructive techniques to investigate the internal structure of the tablets for drug product development as well as for a cost effective production process. In this work, we review the recent developments in high-resolution X-ray microtomography and its application towards different tablet characterizations. The increased availability of powerful laboratory instrumentation, as well as the advent of high brilliance and coherent 3rd generation synchrotron light sources, combined with advanced data processing techniques, are driving the application of X-ray microtomography forward as an indispensable tool in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaianth Vijayakumar
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Radiation Physics, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N12, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Niloofar Moazami Goudarzi
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Radiation Physics, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N12, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Guy Eeckhaut
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Veerle Cnudde
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Pore-Scale Processes in Geomaterials Research (PProGRess), Department of Geology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Environmental Hydrogeology, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthieu N Boone
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Radiation Physics, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86/N12, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alhasan A, Abdul Sani S, Tajuddin HA, Ali TH, Hisham S, Ung N, Azhar NA, BM Said NA, Abd Jamil AH, Bradley D. Synthesis of I@MPA-Mn:ZnSe as an efficient contrast agent for CT/fluorescence Bi-modal imaging application. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
9
|
Sharma A, Shambhwani D, Pandey S, Singh J, Lalhlenmawia H, Kumarasamy M, Singh SK, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Prasher P, Dua K, Kumar D. Advances in Lung Cancer Treatment Using Nanomedicines. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:10-41. [PMID: 36643475 PMCID: PMC9835549 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoma of the lungs is among the most menacing forms of malignancy and has a poor prognosis, with a low overall survival rate due to delayed detection and ineffectiveness of conventional therapy. Therefore, drug delivery strategies that may overcome undesired damage to healthy cells, boost therapeutic efficacy, and act as imaging tools are currently gaining much attention. Advances in material science have resulted in unique nanoscale-based theranostic agents, which provide renewed hope for patients suffering from lung cancer. Nanotechnology has vastly modified and upgraded the existing techniques, focusing primarily on increasing bioavailability and stability of anti-cancer drugs. Nanocarrier-based imaging systems as theranostic tools in the treatment of lung carcinoma have proven to possess considerable benefits, such as early detection and targeted therapeutic delivery for effectively treating lung cancer. Several variants of nano-drug delivery agents have been successfully studied for therapeutic applications, such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, hydrogels, and micelles. In this Review, we present a comprehensive outline on the various types of overexpressed receptors in lung cancer, as well as the various targeting approaches of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshansh Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | | | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Jay Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Hauzel Lalhlenmawia
- Department
of Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Paramedical
and Nursing Sciences, Zemabawk, Aizawl, Mizoram 796017, India
| | - Murali Kumarasamy
- Department
of Biotechnology, National Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur 844102, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Faculty
of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative
Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department
of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International
Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Suresh
Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department
of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical
and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602117, India
- Uttaranchal
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal
University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Petroleum &
Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty
of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative
Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline
of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma Y, Liu D, Hua J, Lu W. Dual-energy micro-focus computed tomography based on the energy-angle correlation of inverse Compton scattering source. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 31:1227-1243. [PMID: 37638471 DOI: 10.3233/xst-230093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inverse Compton scattering (ICS) source can produce quasi-monoenergetic micro-focus X-rays ranging from keV to MeV level, with potential applications in the field of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging. ICS source has an energy-angle correlated feature that lower photon energy is obtained at larger emission angle, thus different photon energies are inherently contained in each ICS pulse, which is especially advantageous for dual- or multi-energy CT imaging. OBJECTIVE This study proposes a dual-energy micro-focus CT scheme based on the energy-angle correlation of ICS source and tests its function using numerical simulations. METHODS In this scheme, high- and low-energy regions are chosen over the angular direction of each ICS pulse, and dual-energy projections of the object are obtained by an angularly-splicing scanning method. The field-of-view (FOV) of ICS source is extended simultaneously through this scanning method, thus the scale of the imaging system can be efficiently reduced. A dedicated dual-energy CT algorithm is developed to reconstruct the monoenergetic attenuation coefficients, electron density, and effective atomic number distributions of the object. RESULTS A test object composed of different materials (carbon, aluminium, titanium, iron and copper) and line pairs with different widths (15/24/39/60 μm) is imaged by the proposed dual-energy CT scheme using numerical simulations, and high-fidelity monoenergetic attenuation coefficient, electron density, and effective atomic number distributions are obtained. All the line pairs are well identified, and the contrast ratio of the 15 μm lines is 22%, showing good accordance with the theoretical predictions. CONCLUSIONS The proposed dual-energy CT scheme can reconstruct fine inner structures and material compositions of the object simultaneously, opening a new possibility for the application of ICS source in the field of non-destructive testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfei Hua
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ligand-Specific Nano-Contrast Agents Promote Enhanced Breast Cancer CT Detection at 0.5 mg Au. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179926. [PMID: 36077324 PMCID: PMC9456125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For many cancer types, being undetectable from early symptoms or blood tests, or often detected at late stages, medical imaging emerges as the most efficient tool for cancer screening. MRI, ultrasound, X-rays (mammography), and X-ray CT (CT) are currently used in hospitals with variable costs. Diagnostic materials that can detect breast tumors through molecular recognition and amplify the signal at the targeting site in combination with state-of-the-art CT techniques, such as dual-energy CT, could lead to a more precise detection and assist significantly in image-guided intervention. Herein, we have developed a ligand-specific X-ray contrast agent that recognizes α5β1 integrins overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells for detection of triple (−) cancer, which proliferates very aggressively. In vitro studies show binding and internalization of our nanoprobes within those cells, towards uncoated nanoparticles (NPs) and saline. In vivo studies show high retention of ~3 nm ligand-PEG-S-AuNPs in breast tumors in mice (up to 21 days) and pronounced CT detection, with statistical significance from saline and iohexol, though only 0.5 mg of metal were utilized. In addition, accumulation of ligand-specific NPs is shown in tumors with minimal presence in other organs, relative to controls. The prolonged, low-metal, NP-enhanced spectral-CT detection of triple (−) breast cancer could lead to breakthrough advances in X-ray cancer diagnostics, nanotechnology, and medicine.
Collapse
|
12
|
Beringhs AO, Ndaya D, Bosire R, Kasi RM, Lu X. Imaging Tumor Heterogeneity and the Variations in Nanoparticle Accumulation using Perfluorooctyl Bromide Nanocapsule X‐ray Computed Tomography Contrast. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André O'Reilly Beringhs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Dennis Ndaya
- Polymer Program Institute of Material Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Reuben Bosire
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Rajeswari M. Kasi
- Polymer Program Institute of Material Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Xiuling Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khademi S, Shakeri-Zadeh A, Solgi R, Azimian H, Ghadiri H. Observation of targeted gold nanoparticles in nasopharyngeal tumour nude mice model through dual-energy computed tomography. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:594-601. [PMID: 34695296 PMCID: PMC8675847 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to specify the efficiency of imaging nanoparticle concentration as contrast media in dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and gold nanoparticles‐conjugated folic acid through cysteamine (FA‐Cya‐AuNPs) were both considered as contrast agents. Characterization of NPs was performed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and zeta potential. The hemocompatibility of NPs was confirmed by different blood parameters such as white blood cell, red cell distribution width, hemoglobin, lymphocytes counts and haemolysis assay. DECT algorithm was confirmed using calibration phantom at different concentrations of NPs and tube potentials (80 and 140 kVp). Then, DECT was used to quantify the concentration of both AuNPs and FA‐Cys‐AuNPs in human nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Mice were injected with non‐targeted AuNPs and targeted AuNps at a concentration of 3 × 103 μg/ml. Then, they were scanned with different tube potentials. The concentration of nanoparticles in the various organs of nude mice was measured through DECT imaging and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) analysis. The results of DECT images were compared with ICP‐MS analysis and indicated that they were approximately similar. In sum, FA‐Cys‐AuNPs can be a proper candidate for targeted contrast media in DECT molecular scanning of human nasopharyngeal tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khademi
- Department of Radiology Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shakeri-Zadeh
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Solgi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Azimian
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghadiri
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Starosolski Z, Courtney AN, Srivastava M, Guo L, Stupin I, Metelitsa LS, Annapragada A, Ghaghada KB. A Nanoradiomics Approach for Differentiation of Tumors Based on Tumor-Associated Macrophage Burden. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:6641384. [PMID: 34220380 PMCID: PMC8216795 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) of solid tumors play an important role in treatment resistance and disease recurrence. The purpose of this study was to investigate if nanoradiomics (radiomic analysis of nanoparticle contrast-enhanced images) can differentiate tumors based on TAM burden. Materials and Methods In vivo studies were performed in transgenic mouse models of neuroblastoma with low (N = 11) and high (N = 10) tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) burden. Animals underwent delayed nanoparticle contrast-enhanced CT (n-CECT) imaging at 4 days after intravenous administration of liposomal-iodine agent (1.1 g/kg). CT imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics (tumor volume and CT attenuation) were computed for segmented tumor CT datasets. Nanoradiomic analysis was performed using a PyRadiomics workflow implemented in the quantitative image feature pipeline (QIFP) server containing 900 radiomic features (RFs). RF selection was performed under supervised machine learning using a nonparametric neighborhood component method. A 5-fold validation was performed using a set of linear and nonlinear classifiers for group separation. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results N-CECT imaging demonstrated heterogeneous patterns of signal enhancement in low and high TAM tumors. CT imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in tumor volume between low and high TAM tumors. Tumor CT attenuation was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between low and high TAM tumors. Machine learning-augmented nanoradiomic analysis revealed two RFs that differentiated (p < 0.002) low TAM and high TAM tumors. The RFs were used to build a linear classifier that demonstrated very high accuracy and further confirmed by 5-fold cross-validation. Conclusions Imaging-derived conventional tumor metrics were unable to differentiate tumors with varying TAM burden; however, nanoradiomic analysis revealed texture differences and enabled differentiation of low and high TAM tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Starosolski
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy N. Courtney
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mayank Srivastava
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linjie Guo
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Igor Stupin
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonid S. Metelitsa
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ananth Annapragada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Day ES. Introduction to Editorial Board Member: Professor Jennifer L. West. Bioeng Transl Med 2021. [PMCID: PMC8126808 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute Newark Delaware USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Promise of gold nanomaterials as a lung cancer theranostic agent: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-021-00332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
17
|
O’Reilly Beringhs A, Ndaya D, Bosire R, Kasi RM, Lu X. Stabilization and X-ray Attenuation of PEGylated Cholesterol/Polycaprolactone-Based Perfluorooctyl Bromide Nanocapsules for CT Imaging. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:90. [PMID: 33666763 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Contrast-enhanced X-ray computed tomography plays an important role in cancer imaging and disease progression monitoring. Imaging using radiopaque nanoparticle platforms can provide insights on the likelihood of nanoparticle accumulation and can enable image-guided therapies. Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB)-loaded nanocapsules designed for this purpose were stabilized using an in-house synthesized PEGylated polycaprolactone-based copolymer (PEG-b-PCL(Ch)) and compared with commercial polycaprolactone employing a Quality-by-Design approach. PFOB is a dense liquid, weakly polarizable, and immiscible in organic and aqueous solvents; thus, carefully designed formulations for optimal colloidal stabilization to overcome settling-associated instability are required. PFOB-loaded nanocapsules exhibited high PFOB loading due to the intrinsic properties of PEG-b-PCL(Ch). Settling and caking are major sources of instability for PFOB formulations. However, the PEG-b-PCL(Ch) copolymer conferred the nanocapsules enough steric impediment and polymer shell elasticity to settle without significant caking, increasing the overall colloidal stability of the formulation. Furthermore, a clear relationship between nanocapsule physical properties and X-ray attenuation was established. Nanocapsules were able to enhance the X-ray contrast in vitro as a function of PFOB loading. This nanocapsule-based platform is promising for future translational studies and image-guided tumor therapy due to its enhanced contrastability and optimal colloidal stability.
Collapse
|
18
|
Serkova NJ, Glunde K, Haney CR, Farhoud M, De Lille A, Redente EF, Simberg D, Westerly DC, Griffin L, Mason RP. Preclinical Applications of Multi-Platform Imaging in Animal Models of Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1189-1200. [PMID: 33262127 PMCID: PMC8026542 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In animal models of cancer, oncologic imaging has evolved from a simple assessment of tumor location and size to sophisticated multimodality exploration of molecular, physiologic, genetic, immunologic, and biochemical events at microscopic to macroscopic levels, performed noninvasively and sometimes in real time. Here, we briefly review animal imaging technology and molecular imaging probes together with selected applications from recent literature. Fast and sensitive optical imaging is primarily used to track luciferase-expressing tumor cells, image molecular targets with fluorescence probes, and to report on metabolic and physiologic phenotypes using smart switchable luminescent probes. MicroPET/single-photon emission CT have proven to be two of the most translational modalities for molecular and metabolic imaging of cancers: immuno-PET is a promising and rapidly evolving area of imaging research. Sophisticated MRI techniques provide high-resolution images of small metastases, tumor inflammation, perfusion, oxygenation, and acidity. Disseminated tumors to the bone and lung are easily detected by microCT, while ultrasound provides real-time visualization of tumor vasculature and perfusion. Recently available photoacoustic imaging provides real-time evaluation of vascular patency, oxygenation, and nanoparticle distributions. New hybrid instruments, such as PET-MRI, promise more convenient combination of the capabilities of each modality, enabling enhanced research efficacy and throughput.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Animal Imaging Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kristine Glunde
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, and the Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chad R Haney
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David C Westerly
- Animal Imaging Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Radiology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Ralph P Mason
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Badea CT. Principles of Micro X-ray Computed Tomography. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
20
|
Kimm MA, Shevtsov M, Werner C, Sievert W, Zhiyuan W, Schoppe O, Menze BH, Rummeny EJ, Proksa R, Bystrova O, Martynova M, Multhoff G, Stangl S. Gold Nanoparticle Mediated Multi-Modal CT Imaging of Hsp70 Membrane-Positive Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051331. [PMID: 32456049 PMCID: PMC7281090 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging techniques such as computed tomographies (CT) play a major role in clinical imaging and diagnosis of malignant lesions. In recent years, metal nanoparticle platforms enabled effective payload delivery for several imaging techniques. Due to the possibility of surface modification, metal nanoparticles are predestined to facilitate molecular tumor targeting. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of anti-plasma membrane Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) antibody functionalized gold nanoparticles (cmHsp70.1-AuNPs) for tumor-specific multimodal imaging. Membrane-associated Hsp70 is exclusively presented on the plasma membrane of malignant cells of multiple tumor entities but not on corresponding normal cells, predestining this target for a tumor-selective in vivo imaging. In vitro microscopic analysis revealed the presence of cmHsp70.1-AuNPs in the cytosol of tumor cell lines after internalization via the endo-lysosomal pathway. In preclinical models, the biodistribution as well as the intratumoral enrichment of AuNPs were examined 24 h after i.v. injection in tumor-bearing mice. In parallel to spectral CT analysis, histological analysis confirmed the presence of AuNPs within tumor cells. In contrast to control AuNPs, a significant enrichment of cmHsp70.1-AuNPs has been detected selectively inside tumor cells in different tumor mouse models. Furthermore, a machine-learning approach was developed to analyze AuNP accumulations in tumor tissues and organs. In summary, utilizing mHsp70 on tumor cells as a target for the guidance of cmHsp70.1-AuNPs facilitates an enrichment and uniform distribution of nanoparticles in mHsp70-expressing tumor cells that enables various microscopic imaging techniques and spectral-CT-based tumor delineation in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Kimm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (E.J.R.)
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Caroline Werner
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Wolfgang Sievert
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Wu Zhiyuan
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Oliver Schoppe
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bjoern H. Menze
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ernst J. Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (E.J.R.)
| | - Roland Proksa
- Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies, Research Laboratories, 22335 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Olga Bystrova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Marina Martynova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (C.W.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (O.S.); (B.H.M.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-6013; Fax: +49-89-4140-4299
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hsu JC, Nieves LM, Betzer O, Sadan T, Noël PB, Popovtzer R, Cormode DP. Nanoparticle contrast agents for X-ray imaging applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1642. [PMID: 32441050 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
X-ray imaging is the most widely used diagnostic imaging method in modern medicine and several advanced forms of this technology have recently emerged. Iodinated molecules and barium sulfate suspensions are clinically approved X-ray contrast agents and are widely used. However, these existing contrast agents provide limited information, are suboptimal for new X-ray imaging techniques and are developing safety concerns. Thus, over the past 15 years, there has been a rapid growth in the development of nanoparticles as X-ray contrast agents. Nanoparticles have several desirable features such as high contrast payloads, the potential for long circulation times, and tunable physicochemical properties. Nanoparticles have also been used in a range of biomedical applications such as disease treatment, targeted imaging, and cell tracking. In this review, we discuss the principles behind X-ray contrast generation and introduce new types of X-ray imaging modalities, as well as potential elements and chemical compositions that are suitable for novel contrast agent development. We focus on the progress in nanoparticle X-ray contrast agents developed to be renally clearable, long circulating, theranostic, targeted, or for cell tracking. We feature agents that are used in conjunction with the newly developed multi-energy computed tomography and mammographic imaging technologies. Finally, we offer perspectives on current limitations and emerging research topics as well as expectations for the future development of the field. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science of the University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lenitza M Nieves
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Oshra Betzer
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Sadan
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Peter B Noël
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science of the University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Spiro JE, Rinneburger M, Hedderich DM, Jokic M, Reinhardt HC, Maintz D, Palmowski M, Persigehl T. Monitoring treatment effects in lung cancer-bearing mice: clinical CT and clinical MRI compared to micro-CT. Eur Radiol Exp 2020; 4:31. [PMID: 32399584 PMCID: PMC7218036 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-020-00160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to histology-based methods, imaging can reduce animal usage in preclinical studies. However, availability of dedicated scanners is limited. We evaluated clinical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison to dedicated CT (micro-CT) for assessing therapy effects in lung cancer-bearing mice. Methods Animals received cisplatin (n = 10), sham (n = 12), or no treatment (n = 9). All were examined via micro-CT, CT, and MRI before and after treatment. Semiautomated tumour burden (TB) calculation was performed. The Bland-Altman, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Spearman statistics were used. Results All modalities always allowed localising and measuring TB. At all modalities, mice treated with cisplatin showed a TB reduction (p ≤ 0.012) while sham-treated and untreated individuals presented tumour growth (p < 0.001). Mean relative difference (limits of agreement) between TB on micro-CT and clinical scanners was 24.7% (21.7–27.7%) for CT and 2.9% (−4.0–9.8%) for MRI. Relative TB changes before/after treatment were not different between micro-CT and CT (p = 0.074) or MRI (p = 0.241). Mice with cisplatin treatment were discriminated from those with sham or no treatment at all modalities (p ≤ 0.001). Using micro-CT as reference standard, ROC areas under the curves were 0.988–1.000 for CT and 0.946–0.957 for MRI. TB changes were highly correlated across modalities (r ≥ 0.900, p < 0.001). Conclusions Clinical CT and MRI are suitable for treatment response evaluation in lung cancer-bearing mice. When dedicated scanners are unavailable, they should be preferred to improve animal welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Spiro
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Miriam Rinneburger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Mladen Jokic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Reinhardt
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division I, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Maintz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Moritz Palmowski
- Institute of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Radiology Baden-Baden, Beethovenstr. 2, 76530, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Persigehl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bouché M, Hsu JC, Dong YC, Kim J, Taing K, Cormode DP. Recent Advances in Molecular Imaging with Gold Nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:303-314. [PMID: 31682405 PMCID: PMC7032998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have been extensively developed as contrast agents, theranostic platforms, and probes for molecular imaging. This popularity has yielded a large number of AuNP designs that vary in size, shape, surface functionalization, and assembly, to match very closely the requirements for various imaging applications. Hence, AuNP based probes for molecular imaging allow the use of computed tomography (CT), fluorescence, and other forms of optical imaging, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other newer techniques. The unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and highly developed chemistry of AuNP have facilitated breakthroughs in molecular imaging that allow the detection and imaging of physiological processes with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. In this Review, we summarize the recent advances in molecular imaging achieved using novel AuNP structures, cell tracking using AuNP, targeted AuNP for cancer imaging, and activatable AuNP probes. Finally, the perspectives and current limitations for the clinical translation of AuNP based probes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bouché
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jessica C. Hsu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yuxi C. Dong
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Johoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kimberly Taing
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David P. Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The maturation of photon-counting detector (PCD) technology promises to enhance routine CT imaging applications with high-fidelity spectral information. In this paper, we demonstrate the power of this synergy and our complementary reconstruction techniques, performing 4D, cardiac PCD-CT data acquisition and reconstruction in a mouse model of atherosclerosis, including calcified plaque. Specifically, in vivo cardiac micro-CT scans were performed in four ApoE knockout mice, following their development of calcified plaques. The scans were performed with a prototype PCD (DECTRIS, Ltd.) with 4 energy thresholds. Projections were sampled every 10 ms with a 10 ms exposure, allowing the reconstruction of 10 cardiac phases at each of 4 energies (40 total 3D volumes per mouse scan). Reconstruction was performed iteratively using the split Bregman method with constraints on spectral rank and spatio-temporal gradient sparsity. The reconstructed images represent the first in vivo, 4D PCD-CT data in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Robust regularization during iterative reconstruction yields high-fidelity results: an 8-fold reduction in noise standard deviation for the highest energy threshold (relative to unregularized algebraic reconstruction), while absolute spectral bias measurements remain below 13 Hounsfield units across all energy thresholds and scans. Qualitatively, image domain material decomposition results show clear separation of iodinated contrast and soft tissue from calcified plaque in the in vivo data. Quantitatively, spatial, spectral, and temporal fidelity are verified through a water phantom scan and a realistic MOBY phantom simulation experiment: spatial resolution is robustly preserved by iterative reconstruction (10% MTF: 2.8–3.0 lp/mm), left-ventricle, cardiac functional metrics can be measured from iodine map segmentations with ~1% error, and small calcifications (615 μm) can be detected during slow moving phases of the cardiac cycle. Given these preliminary results, we believe that PCD technology will enhance dynamic CT imaging applications with high-fidelity spectral and material information.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ethanol fixation method for heart and lung imaging in micro-CT. Jpn J Radiol 2019; 37:500-510. [DOI: 10.1007/s11604-019-00830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
Ford NL, Tan S, Deman P. An investigation of radiation damage in rat lungs following dual-energy micro-CT imaging. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaf240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
27
|
Translational Nanodiagnostics for In Vivo Cancer Detection. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01775-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
28
|
Ashton JR, Gottlin EB, Patz EF, West JL, Badea CT. A comparative analysis of EGFR-targeting antibodies for gold nanoparticle CT imaging of lung cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206950. [PMID: 30408128 PMCID: PMC6224087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is the standard imaging test used for the screening and assessment of suspected lung cancer, but distinguishing malignant from benign nodules by CT is an ongoing challenge. Consequently, a large number of avoidable invasive procedures are performed on patients with benign nodules in order to exclude malignancy. Improving cancer discrimination by non-invasive imaging could reduce the need for invasive diagnostics. In this work we focus on developing a gold nanoparticle contrast agent that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is expressed on the cell surface of most lung adenocarcinomas. Three different contrast agents were compared for their tumor targeting effectiveness: non-targeted nanoparticles, nanoparticles conjugated with full-sized anti-EGFR antibodies (cetuximab), and nanoparticles conjugated with a single-domain llama-derived anti-EGFR antibody, which is smaller than the cetuximab, but has a lower binding affinity. Nanoparticle targeting effectiveness was evaluated in vitro by EGFR-binding assays and in cell culture with A431 cells, which highly express EGFR. In vivo CT imaging performance was evaluated in both C57BL/6 mice and in nude mice with A431 subcutaneous tumors. The cetuximab nanoparticles had a significantly shorter blood residence time than either the non-targeted or the single-domain antibody nanoparticles. All of the nanoparticle contrast agents demonstrated tumor accumulation; however, the cetuximab-targeted group had significantly higher tumor gold accumulation than the other two groups, which were statistically indistinguishable from one another. In this study we found that the relative binding affinity of the targeting ligands had more of an effect on tumor accumulation than the circulation half life of the nanoparticles. This study provides useful insight into targeted nanoparticle design and demonstrates that nanoparticle contrast agents can be used to detect tumor receptor overexpression. Combining receptor status data with traditional imaging characteristics has the potential for better differentiation of malignant lung tumors from benign lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Ashton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth B. Gottlin
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Edward F. Patz
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao X, Guo L, Li J, Thu HE, Hussain Z. Nanomedicines guided nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics for early detection of lung cancer and abolishing pulmonary metastasis: Critical appraisal of newer developments and challenges to clinical transition. J Control Release 2018; 292:29-57. [PMID: 30359665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the second most prevalent type of cancer and primary cause of mortality among both men and women, worldwide. The most commonly employed diagnostic modalities for LC include chest X-ray (CXR), magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT-scan), and fused-positron-emitting-tomography-CT (PET-CT). Owing to several limitations associated with the use of conventional diagnostic tools such as radiation burden to the patient, misleading diagnosis ("missed lung cancer"), false staging and low sensitivity and resolution, contemporary diagnostic regimen needed to be employed for screening of LC. In recent decades, nanotechnology-guided interventions have been transpired as emerging nanoimaging probes for detection of LC at advanced stages, while producing signal amplification, better resolution for surface and deep tissue imaging, and enhanced translocation and biodistribution of imaging probes within the cancerous tissues. Besides enormous potential of nanoimaging probes, nanotechnology-based advancements have also been evidenced for superior efficacy for treatment of LC and abolishing pulmonary metastasis (PM). The success of nanotherapeutics is due to their ability to maximise translocation and biodistribution of anti-neoplastic agents into the tumor tissues, improve pharmacokinetic profiles of anti-metastatic agents, optimise target-specific drug delivery, and control release kinetics of encapsulated moieties in target tissues. This review aims to overview and critically discuss the superiority of nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics over conventional regimen for early detection of LC and abolishing PM. Current challenges to clinical transition of nanoimaging probes and therapeutic viability of nanotherapeutics for treatment for LC and PM have also been pondered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Hnin Ei Thu
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Jalan Stadium, SS 7/15, Kelana Jaya, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ayala-Domínguez L, Brandan ME. Quantification of tumor angiogenesis with contrast-enhanced x-ray imaging in preclinical studies: a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018; 4. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aadc2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
31
|
Holbrook M, Clark DP, Badea CT. Overcoming detector limitations of x-ray photon counting for preclinical microcomputed tomography. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2018; 6:011004. [PMID: 30840718 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.6.1.011004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectral computed tomography (CT) using photon counting detectors (PCDs) can provide accurate tissue composition measurements by utilizing the energy dependence of x-ray attenuation in different materials. PCDs are especially suited for K-edge imaging, revealing the spatial distribution of select imaging probes through quantitative material decomposition. We report on a prototype spectral micro-CT system with a CZT-based PCD (DxRay, Inc.) that has 16 × 16 pixels of 0.5 × 0.5 mm 2 , a thickness of 3 mm, and four energy thresholds. Due to the PCD's limited size ( 8 × 8 mm 2 ), our system uses a translate-rotate projection acquisition strategy to cover a field of view relevant for preclinical imaging ( ∼ 4.5 cm ). Projection corrections were implemented to minimize artifacts associated with dead pixels and projection stitching. A sophisticated iterative algorithm was used to reconstruct both phantom and ex vivo mouse data. To achieve preclinically relevant spatial resolution, we trained a convolutional neural network to perform pan-sharpening between low-resolution PCD data ( 247 - μ m voxels) and high-resolution energy-integrating detector data ( 82 - μ m voxels), recovering a high-resolution estimate of the spectral contrast suitable for material decomposition. Long-term, preclinical spectral CT systems such as ours could serve in the developing field of theranostics (therapy and diagnostics) for cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Holbrook
- Duke University, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Darin P Clark
- Duke University, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Duke University, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cruje C, Dunmore-Buyze J, MacDonald JP, Holdsworth DW, Drangova M, Gillies ER. Polymer Assembly Encapsulation of Lanthanide Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for In Vivo Micro-CT. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:896-905. [PMID: 29438616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent technological advancements in microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and contrast agent development, preclinical contrast agents are still predominantly iodine-based. Higher contrast can be achieved when using elements with higher atomic numbers, such as lanthanides; lanthanides also have X-ray attenuation properties that are ideal for spectral CT. However, the formulation of lanthanide-based contrast agents at the high concentrations required for vascular imaging presents a significant challenge. In this work, we developed an erbium-based contrast agent that meets micro-CT imaging requirements, which include colloidal stability upon redispersion at high concentrations, evasion of rapid renal clearance, and circulation times of tens of minutes in small animals. Through systematic studies with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-poly(propylene glycol), PEG-polycaprolactone, and PEG-poly(l-lactide) (PLA) block copolymers, the amphiphilic block copolymer PEG114-PLA53 was identified to be ideal for encapsulating oleate-coated lanthanide-based nanoparticles for in vivo intravenous administration. We were able to synthesize a contrast agent containing 100 mg/mL of erbium that could be redispersed into colloidally stable particles in saline after lyophilization. Contrast enhancement of over 250 HU was achieved in the blood pool for up to an hour, thereby meeting the requirements of live animal micro-CT.
Collapse
|
33
|
Gallastegui A, Cheung J, Southard T, Hume KR. Volumetric and linear measurements of lung tumor burden from non-gated micro-CT imaging correlate with histological analysis in a genetically engineered mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer. Lab Anim 2018; 52:457-469. [PMID: 29436921 DOI: 10.1177/0023677218756457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In vivo micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging allows longitudinal studies of pulmonary neoplasms in genetically engineered mouse models. Respiratory gating increases the accuracy of lung tumor measurements but lengthens anesthesia time in animals that may be at increased risk for complications. We hypothesized that semiautomated, volumetric, and linear tumor measurements performed in micro-CT images from non-gated scans would have correlation with histological findings. Primary lung tumors were induced in eight FVB mice with two transgenes (FVB/N-Tg(tetO-Kras2)12Hev/J; FVB.Cg-Tg(Scgb1a1-rtTA)1Jaw/J). Non-gated micro-CT scans were performed and the lungs were subsequently harvested. In the acquired micro-CT scans, measurements of all identified tumors were determined using the following methods: semiautomated three-dimensional (3D) volume, ellipsoid volume, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST; sum of largest axial (i.e., transverse) diameter from five tumors), sum of largest axial diameters from all tumors (modified RECIST), and average axial diameter. For histological analysis, all five lung lobes were analyzed and the tumor area was summed from measurements made on five histological sections that were 300 µm apart from each other (covering a total depth of 1200 µm). All micro-CT measurement methods had very strong correlation with histological tumor burden (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.87 ( p = 0.0053) -0.98 ( p < 0.0001)). The only methods found to have different correlations were the semiautomated 3D method and the RECIST method (Williams' test for dependent overlapping correlations, p = 0.013). Our results suggest quantification of lung tumor burden from non-gated micro-CT imaging will reflect histological differences between mice and can therefore be used for between-group comparisons or when concerns about systemic health of research animals may limit lengthy anesthetic procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Gallastegui
- 1 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - James Cheung
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Teresa Southard
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Kelly R Hume
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ashton JR, Castle KD, Qi Y, Kirsch DG, West JL, Badea CT. Dual-Energy CT Imaging of Tumor Liposome Delivery After Gold Nanoparticle-Augmented Radiation Therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1782-1797. [PMID: 29556356 PMCID: PMC5858500 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are emerging as promising agents for both cancer therapy and computed tomography (CT) imaging. AuNPs absorb x-rays and subsequently release low-energy, short-range photoelectrons during external beam radiation therapy (RT), increasing the local radiation dose. When AuNPs are near tumor vasculature, the additional radiation dose can lead to increased vascular permeability. This work focuses on understanding how tumor vascular permeability is influenced by AuNP-augmented RT, and how this effect can be used to improve the delivery of nanoparticle chemotherapeutics. Methods: Dual-energy CT was used to quantify the accumulation of both liposomal iodine and AuNPs in tumors following AuNP-augmented RT in a mouse model of primary soft tissue sarcoma. Mice were injected with non-targeted AuNPs, RGD-functionalized AuNPs (vascular targeting), or no AuNPs, after which they were treated with varying doses of RT. The mice were injected with either liposomal iodine (for the imaging study) or liposomal doxorubicin (for the treatment study) 24 hours after RT. Increased tumor liposome accumulation was assessed by dual-energy CT (iodine) or by tracking tumor treatment response (doxorubicin). Results: A significant increase in vascular permeability was observed for all groups after 20 Gy RT, for the targeted and non-targeted AuNP groups after 10 Gy RT, and for the vascular-targeted AuNP group after 5 Gy RT. Combining targeted AuNPs with 5 Gy RT and liposomal doxorubicin led to a significant tumor growth delay (tumor doubling time ~ 8 days) compared to AuNP-augmented RT or chemotherapy alone (tumor doubling time ~3-4 days). Conclusions: The addition of vascular-targeted AuNPs significantly improved the treatment effect of liposomal doxorubicin after RT, consistent with the increased liposome accumulation observed in tumors in the imaging study. Using this approach with a liposomal drug delivery system can increase specific tumor delivery of chemotherapeutics, which has the potential to significantly improve tumor response and reduce the side effects of both RT and chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Toia GV, Kim S, Dighe MK, Mileto A. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Body Imaging. Semin Roentgenol 2018; 53:132-146. [PMID: 29861005 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe V Toia
- Body Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Sooah Kim
- Body Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Manjiri K Dighe
- Body Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Achille Mileto
- Body Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen D, Wan D, Wang R, Liu Y, Sun K, Tao X, Qu Y, Dai K, Ai S, Tao K. Multimodal Nanoprobe Based on Upconversion Nanoparticles for Monitoring Implanted Stem Cells in Bone Defect of Big Animal. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:626-634. [PMID: 33418751 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring implanted stem cells in bone regeneration and other cell therapies is of great importance to reveal the mechanism of tissue repair and to optimize clinical treatments. However, big challenge still remained in lacking an imaging nanoprobe. Herein, we designed surface modified upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) with multimodal imaging capabilities of fluorescence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dual-energy computed tomography (CT). It was found that the UCNs can label stem cells in an efficient (over 200 pg/cell) and long-term (at least 14 days) manner, with almost no influence on the viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and multilineage differentiation. Thus, clinical dual-energy CT and MRI were successfully applied to observe the migration of labeled cells on a bone-defect model of rabbit for at least 14 days. The results visualized the gathering of stem cells at the defect site of cortical bone, and the in vivo images were well-correlated with the in vitro fluorescence observation without extra staining. Therefore, a potentially translatable nanoprobe was developed for noninvasive and real-time tracking of cells, which may be meaningful for understanding the bone regeneration in clinic and shed light on the visualization of cells in other cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Daqian Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute of Harbin, The Fifth Hospital in Harbin, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Rongying Wang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanyue Liu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kang Sun
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Ke Tao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Martins de Souza E Silva J, Utsch J, Kimm MA, Allner S, Epple MF, Achterhold K, Pfeiffer F. Dual-energy micro-CT for quantifying the time-course and staining characteristics of ex-vivo animal organs treated with iodine- and gadolinium-based contrast agents. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17387. [PMID: 29234002 PMCID: PMC5727238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical staining of soft-tissues can be used as a strategy to increase their low inherent contrast in X-ray absorption micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), allowing to obtain fast three-dimensional structural information of animal organs. Though some staining agents are commonly used in this context, little is known about the staining agents' ability to stain specific types of tissues; the times necessary to provide a sufficient contrast; and the effect of staining solution in distorting the tissue. Here we contribute to studies of animal organs (mouse heart and lungs) using staining combined with dual-energy micro-CT (DECT). DECT was used in order to obtain an additional quantitative measure for the amount of staining agents within the sample in 3D maps. Our results show that the two staining solutions used in this work diffuse differently in the tissues studied, the staining times of some tens of minutes already produce high-quality micro-CT images and, at the concentrations applied in this work, the staining solutions tested do not cause relevant tissue distortions. While one staining solution provides images of the general morphology of the organs, the other reveals organs' features in the order of a hundred micrometers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Martins de Souza E Silva
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Julian Utsch
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Melanie A Kimm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Allner
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Michael F Epple
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Klaus Achterhold
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675, München, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Current photon counting x-ray detector (PCD) technology faces limitations associated with spectral fidelity and photon starvation. One strategy for addressing these limitations is to supplement PCD data with high-resolution, low-noise data acquired with an energy-integrating detector (EID). In this work, we propose an iterative, hybrid reconstruction technique which combines the spectral properties of PCD data with the resolution and signal-to-noise characteristics of EID data. Our hybrid reconstruction technique is based on an algebraic model of data fidelity which substitutes the EID data into the data fidelity term associated with the PCD reconstruction, resulting in a joint reconstruction problem. Within the split Bregman framework, these data fidelity constraints are minimized subject to additional constraints on spectral rank and on joint intensity-gradient sparsity measured between the reconstructions of the EID and PCD data. Following a derivation of the proposed technique, we apply it to the reconstruction of a digital phantom which contains realistic concentrations of iodine, barium, and calcium encountered in small-animal micro-CT. The results of this experiment suggest reliable separation and detection of iodine at concentrations ≥ 5 mg/ml and barium at concentrations ≥ 10 mg/ml in 2-mm features for EID and PCD data reconstructed with inherent spatial resolutions of 176 μm and 254 μm, respectively (point spread function, FWHM). Furthermore, hybrid reconstruction is demonstrated to enhance spatial resolution within material decomposition results and to improve low-contrast detectability by as much as 2.6 times relative to reconstruction with PCD data only. The parameters of the simulation experiment are based on an in vivo micro-CT experiment conducted in a mouse model of soft-tissue sarcoma. Material decomposition results produced from this in vivo data demonstrate the feasibility of distinguishing two K-edge contrast agents with a spectral separation on the order of the energy resolution of the PCD hardware.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darin P. Clark
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
PAULINI FERNANDA, CHAVES SACHAB, RÔLO JOSÉLUIZJ, AZEVEDO RICARDOBDE, LUCCI CAROLINAM. Evaluation of ovarian structures using computerized microtomography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 89:2131-2139. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720150864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
40
|
Deng L, Xiao SM, Qiang JW, Li YA, Zhang Y. Early Lung Adenocarcinoma in Mice: Micro-Computed Tomography Manifestations and Correlation with Pathology. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:311-317. [PMID: 28325667 PMCID: PMC5358927 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common fatal malignancy for both men and women and adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type. Early diagnosis of lung cancer can significantly improve the survival rate of patients. This study aimed to investigate the micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) manifestations of early lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) in mice and to provide a new perspective for early clinical diagnosis. Early LAC models in 10 mice were established by subcutaneously injecting 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) solution. Micro-CT scan and multiple planar reconstruction (MPR) were used for mouse lungs. Micro-CT features of early LAC, especially the relationships between tumor and bronchus, were analyzed and correlated with pathology. Micro-CT findings of early LAC were divided into three types: non-solid (n = 8, 6%), partly solid (n = 85, 64%) and totally solid (n = 39, 30%). Tumor-bronchus relationships, which could be observed in 110 of 132(83%) LAC, were classified into four patterns: type I (n = 16, 15%), bronchus was truncated at the margin of the tumor; type II (n = 33, 30%), bronchus penetrated into the tumor with tapered narrowing and interruption; type III (n = 38, 35%), bronchus penetrated into the tumor with a patent and intact lumen; type IV (n = 99, 90%), bronchus ran at the border of the tumor with an intact or compressed lumen. Micro-CT manifestations of early LAC correlated well with pathological findings. Micro-CT can clearly demonstrate the features of mouse early LAC and bronchus-tumor relationships, and can also provide a new tool and perspective for the study of early LAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital & Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Shi Man Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital & Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jin Wei Qiang
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital & Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Yong Ai Li
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital & Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital & Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Deman P, Tan S, Belev G, Samadi N, Martinson M, Chapman D, Ford NL. Respiratory-gated KES imaging of a rat model of acute lung injury at the Canadian Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:679-685. [PMID: 28452761 PMCID: PMC5477483 DOI: 10.1107/s160057751700193x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, contrast-enhanced X-ray tomographic imaging for monitoring and quantifying respiratory disease in preclinical rodent models is proposed. A K-edge imaging method has been developed at the Canadian Light Source to very accurately obtain measurements of the concentration of iodinated contrast agent in the pulmonary vasculature and inhaled xenon in the airspaces of rats. To compare the iodine and xenon concentration maps, a scout projection image was acquired to define the region of interest within the thorax for imaging and to ensure the same locations were imaged in each K-edge subtraction (KES) acquisition. A method for triggering image acquisition based on the real-time measurements of respiration was also developed to obtain images during end expiration when the lungs are stationary, in contrast to other previously published studies that alter the respiration to accommodate the image acquisition. In this study, images were obtained in mechanically ventilated animals using physiological parameters at the iodine K-edge in vivo and at the xenon K-edge post mortem (but still under mechanical ventilation). The imaging techniques were performed in healthy Brown Norway rats and in age-matched littermates that had an induced lung injury to demonstrate feasibility of the imaging procedures and the ability to correlate the lung injury and the quantitative measurements of contrast agent concentrations between the two KES images. The respiratory-gated KES imaging protocol can be easily adapted to image during any respiratory phase and is feasible for imaging disease models with compromised lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Deman
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - S. Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - G. Belev
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N2V3
| | - N. Samadi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - M. Martinson
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - D. Chapman
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N2V3
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - N. L. Ford
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang H, Yang DP, Liu M, Wang X, Zhang Z, Zhou G, Liu W, Cao Y, Zhang WJ, Wang X. pH-sensitive Au-BSA-DOX-FA nanocomposites for combined CT imaging and targeted drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2829-2843. [PMID: 28435261 PMCID: PMC5388223 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Albumin-based nanoparticles (NPs) as a drug delivery system have attracted much attention owing to their nontoxicity, non-immunogenicity, great stability and ability to bind to many therapeutic drugs. Herein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was utilized as a template to prepare Au–BSA core/shell NPs. The outer layer BSA was subsequently conjugated with cis-aconityl doxorubicin (DOX) and folic acid (FA) to create Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposites. A list of characterizations was undertaken to identify the successful conjugation of drug molecules and targeted agents. In vitro cytotoxicity using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay indicated that Au–BSA NPs did not display obvious cytotoxicity to MGC-803 and GES-1 cells in the concentration range of 0–100 μg/mL, which can therefore be used as a safe drug delivery carrier. Furthermore, compared with free DOX, Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposites exhibited a pH-sensitive drug release ability and superior antitumor activity in a drug concentration-dependent manner. In vivo computed tomography (CT) imaging experiments showed that Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposites could be used as an efficient and durable CT contrast agent for targeted CT imaging of the folate receptor (FR) overexpressed in cancer tissues. In vivo antitumor experiments demonstrated that Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposites have selective antitumor activity effects on FR-overexpressing tumors and no adverse effects on normal tissues and organs. In conclusion, the Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposite exhibits selective targeting activity, X-ray attenuation activity and pH-sensitive drug release activity. Therefore, it can enhance CT imaging and improve the targeting therapeutic efficacy of FR-overexpressing gastric cancers. Our findings suggest that Au–BSA–DOX–FA nanocomposite is a novel drug delivery carrier and a promising candidate for cancer theranostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghuan Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangsheng Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Yilin Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Wen Jie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yeh BM, FitzGerald PF, Edic PM, Lambert JW, Colborn RE, Marino ME, Evans PM, Roberts JC, Wang ZJ, Wong MJ, Bonitatibus PJ. Opportunities for new CT contrast agents to maximize the diagnostic potential of emerging spectral CT technologies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:201-222. [PMID: 27620496 PMCID: PMC5344792 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of spectral CT imaging in the form of fast clinical dual-energy CT enabled contrast material to be differentiated from other radiodense materials, improved lesion detection in contrast-enhanced scans, and changed the way that existing iodine and barium contrast materials are used in clinical practice. More profoundly, spectral CT can differentiate between individual contrast materials that have different reporter elements such that high-resolution CT imaging of multiple contrast agents can be obtained in a single pass of the CT scanner. These spectral CT capabilities would be even more impactful with the development of contrast materials designed to complement the existing clinical iodine- and barium-based agents. New biocompatible high-atomic number contrast materials with different biodistribution and X-ray attenuation properties than existing agents will expand the diagnostic power of spectral CT imaging without penalties in radiation dose or scan time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Yeh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States.
| | - Paul F FitzGerald
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Peter M Edic
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Jack W Lambert
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Robert E Colborn
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Michael E Marino
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Paul M Evans
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, The Grove Centre, White Lion Road, Amersham, Buckinghamshire HP7 9LL, United Kingdom
| | - Jeannette C Roberts
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Zhen J Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Margaret J Wong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Peter J Bonitatibus
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Handschuh S, Beisser CJ, Ruthensteiner B, Metscher BD. Microscopic dual-energy CT (microDECT): a flexible tool for multichannel ex vivo 3D imaging of biological specimens. J Microsc 2017; 267:3-26. [PMID: 28267884 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) uses two different x-ray energy spectra in order to differentiate between tissues, materials or elements in a single sample or patient. DECT is becoming increasingly popular in clinical imaging and preclinical in vivo imaging of small animal models, but there have been only very few reports on ex vivo DECT of biological samples at microscopic resolutions. The present study has three main aims. First, we explore the potential of microscopic DECT (microDECT) for delivering isotropic multichannel 3D images of fixed biological samples with standard commercial laboratory-based microCT setups at spatial resolutions reaching below 10 μm. Second, we aim for retaining the maximum image resolution and quality during the material decomposition. Third, we want to test the suitability for microDECT imaging of different contrast agents currently used for ex vivo staining of biological samples. To address these aims, we used microCT scans of four different samples stained with x-ray dense contrast agents. MicroDECT scans were acquired with five different commercial microCT scanners from four companies. We present a detailed description of the microDECT workflow, including sample preparation, image acquisition, image processing and postreconstruction material decomposition, which may serve as practical guide for applying microDECT. The MATLAB script (The Mathworks Inc., Natick, MA, USA) used for material decomposition (including a graphical user interface) is provided as a supplement to this paper (https://github.com/microDECT/DECTDec). In general, the presented microDECT workflow yielded satisfactory results for all tested specimens. Original scan resolutions have been mostly retained in the separate material fractions after basis material decomposition. In addition to decomposition of mineralized tissues (inherent sample contrast) and stained soft tissues, we present a case of double labelling of different soft tissues with subsequent material decomposition. We conclude that, in contrast to in vivo DECT examinations, small ex vivo specimens offer some clear advantages regarding technical parameters of the microCT setup and the use of contrast agents. These include a higher flexibility in source peak voltages and x-ray filters, a lower degree of beam hardening due to small sample size, the lack of restriction to nontoxic contrast agents and the lack of a limit in exposure time and radiation dose. We argue that microDECT, because of its flexibility combined with already established contrast agents and the vast number of currently unexploited stains, will in future represent an important technique for various applications in biological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Handschuh
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C J Beisser
- Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - B D Metscher
- Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wan D, Chen D, Li K, Qu Y, Sun K, Tao K, Dai K, Ai S. Gold Nanoparticles as a Potential Cellular Probe for Tracking of Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32241-32249. [PMID: 27933815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Transplant of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has attracted considerable interest for bone regeneration. However, noninvasive and real-time tracking of location and concentration of the implanted BMSCs remains a big challenge. Herein we designed a novel approach involving the surface modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with silica layers and DNA Transfectin 3000 (TS) to improve biocompatibility and to enhance the uptake by BMSCs, hence rendering the ability of tracking BMSCs with dual-energy computer tomography (DECT). Results showed that the endocytosis of AuNPs@SiO2-TS by BMSCs was as high as ∼255 pg/cell after one-day incubation and did not obviously decrease after 14 days. Meanwhile, the AuNPs@SiO2-TS had no influence on the viability, cell cycle, and capabilities on osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Under a bone-defect rabbit model, the DECT images showed the migration of BMSCs toward a cortical bone defect without variation in volume. This study demonstrated that AuNPs@SiO2-TS could be a potential cellular probe for noninvasive and real-time tracking of BMSCs in bone tissue repairs using clinical CT or DECT techniques. It provided a novel and intuitive methodology for observing and investigating the bone regeneration in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Wan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Dexin Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Kang Sun
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ke Tao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Songtao Ai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Schyns LEJR, Almeida IP, van Hoof SJ, Descamps B, Vanhove C, Landry G, Granton PV, Verhaegen F. Optimizing dual energy cone beam CT protocols for preclinical imaging and radiation research. Br J Radiol 2016; 90:20160480. [PMID: 27683003 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to investigate whether quantitative dual-energy CT (DECT) imaging is feasible for small animal irradiators with an integrated cone-beam CT (CBCT) system. METHODS The optimal imaging protocols were determined by analyzing different energy combinations and dose levels. The influence of beam hardening effects and the performance of a beam hardening correction (BHC) were investigated. In addition, two systems from different manufacturers were compared in terms of errors in the extracted effective atomic numbers (Zeff) and relative electron densities (ρe) for phantom inserts with known elemental compositions and relative electron densities. RESULTS The optimal energy combination was determined to be 50 and 90 kVp. For this combination, Zeff and ρe can be extracted with a mean error of 0.11 and 0.010, respectively, at a dose level of 60 cGy. CONCLUSION Quantitative DECT imaging is feasible for small animal irradiators with an integrated CBCT system. To obtain the best results, optimizing the imaging protocols is required. Well-separated X-ray spectra and a sufficient dose level should be used to minimize the error and noise for Zeff and ρe. When no BHC is applied in the image reconstruction, the size of the calibration phantom should match the size of the imaged object to limit the influence of beam hardening effects. No significant differences in Zeff and ρe errors are observed between the two systems from different manufacturers. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study that investigates quantitative DECT imaging for small animal irradiators with an integrated CBCT system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte E J R Schyns
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Isabel P Almeida
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stefan J van Hoof
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Benedicte Descamps
- 2 iMinds Medical IT-IBiTech-MEDISIP-INFINITY, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- 2 iMinds Medical IT-IBiTech-MEDISIP-INFINITY, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Landry
- 3 Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick V Granton
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,4 Medical Physics Unit, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mehta A, Ghaghada K, Mukundan S. Molecular Imaging of Brain Tumors Using Liposomal Contrast Agents and Nanoparticles. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016; 24:751-763. [PMID: 27742115 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The first generation of cross-sectional brain imaging using computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography, and eventually MR imaging focused on determining structural or anatomic changes associated with brain disorders. The current state-of-the-art imaging, functional imaging, uses techniques such as CT and MR perfusion that allow determination of physiologic parameters in vivo. In parallel, tissue-based genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiling of brain tumors has created several novel and exciting possibilities for molecular targeting of brain tumors. The next generation of imaging translates these molecular in vitro techniques to in vivo, noninvasive, targeted reconstruction of tumors and their microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnav Mehta
- Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ketan Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 850, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Srinivasan Mukundan
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease: preclinical challenges toward clinical efficacy. Transl Res 2016; 175:37-53. [PMID: 27033146 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The scope of this review focuses on recent applications in preclinical and clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) toward accomplishing the goals of early detection and responses to therapy in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Driven by the outstanding efforts of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), a truly invaluable resource, the initial use of MRI in AD imaging has been to assess changes in brain anatomy, specifically assessing brain shrinkage and regional changes in white matter tractography using diffusion tensor imaging. However, advances in MRI have led to multiple efforts toward imaging amyloid beta plaques first without and then with the use of MRI contrast agents. These technological advancements have met with limited success and are not yet appropriate for the clinic. Recent developments in molecular imaging inclusive of high-power liposomal-based MRI contrast agents as well as fluorine 19 ((19)F) MRI and manganese enhanced MRI have begun to propel promising advances toward not only plaque imaging but also using MRI to detect perturbations in subcellular processes occurring within the neuron. This review concludes with a discussion about the necessity for the development of novel preclinical models of AD that better recapitulate human AD for the imaging to truly be meaningful and for substantive progress to be made toward understanding and effectively treating AD. Furthermore, the continued support of outstanding programs such as ADNI as well as the development of novel molecular imaging agents and MRI fast scanning sequences will also be requisite to effectively translate preclinical findings to the clinic.
Collapse
|
49
|
Gregg CL, Butcher JT. Comparative analysis of metallic nanoparticles as exogenous soft tissue contrast for live in vivo micro-computed tomography imaging of avian embryonic morphogenesis. Dev Dyn 2016; 245:1001-10. [PMID: 27447729 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestationally survivable congenital malformations arise during mid-late stages of development that are inaccessible in vivo with traditional optical imaging for assessing long-term abnormal patterning. MicroCT is an attractive technology to rapidly and inexpensively generate quantitative three-dimensional (3D) datasets but requires exogenous contrast media. Here we establish dose-dependent toxicity, persistence, and biodistribution of three different metallic nanoparticles in day 4 chick embryos. RESULTS We determined that 110-nm alkaline earth metal particles were nontoxic and persisted in the chick embryo for up to 24 hr postinjection with contrast enhancement levels at high as 1,600 Hounsfield units (HU). The 15-nm gold nanoparticles persisted with x-ray attenuation higher than that of the surrounding yolk and albumen for up to 8 hr postinjection, while 1.9-nm particles resulted in lethality by 8 hr. We identified spatial and temporally heterogeneous contrast enhancement ranging from 250 to 1,600 HU. With the most optimal 110-nm alkaline earth metal particles, we quantified an exponential increase in the tissue perfusion vs. distance from the dorsal aorta into the flank over 8 hr with a peak perfusion rate of 0.7 μm(2) /s measured at a distance of 0.3 mm. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the safety, efficacy, and opportunity of nanoparticle based contrast media in live embryos for quantitative analysis of embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 245:1001-1010, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Gregg
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jonathan T Butcher
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Clark DP, Lee CL, Kirsch DG, Badea CT. Spectrotemporal CT data acquisition and reconstruction at low dose. Med Phys 2016; 42:6317-36. [PMID: 26520724 DOI: 10.1118/1.4931407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely used, both clinically and preclinically, for fast, high-resolution anatomic imaging; however, compelling opportunities exist to expand its use in functional imaging applications. For instance, spectral information combined with nanoparticle contrast agents enables quantification of tissue perfusion levels, while temporal information details cardiac and respiratory dynamics. The authors propose and demonstrate a projection acquisition and reconstruction strategy for 5D CT (3D+dual energy+time) which recovers spectral and temporal information without substantially increasing radiation dose or sampling time relative to anatomic imaging protocols. METHODS The authors approach the 5D reconstruction problem within the framework of low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition. Unlike previous work on rank-sparsity constrained CT reconstruction, the authors establish an explicit rank-sparse signal model to describe the spectral and temporal dimensions. The spectral dimension is represented as a well-sampled time and energy averaged image plus regularly undersampled principal components describing the spectral contrast. The temporal dimension is represented as the same time and energy averaged reconstruction plus contiguous, spatially sparse, and irregularly sampled temporal contrast images. Using a nonlinear, image domain filtration approach, the authors refer to as rank-sparse kernel regression, the authors transfer image structure from the well-sampled time and energy averaged reconstruction to the spectral and temporal contrast images. This regularization strategy strictly constrains the reconstruction problem while approximately separating the temporal and spectral dimensions. Separability results in a highly compressed representation for the 5D data in which projections are shared between the temporal and spectral reconstruction subproblems, enabling substantial undersampling. The authors solved the 5D reconstruction problem using the split Bregman method and GPU-based implementations of backprojection, reprojection, and kernel regression. Using a preclinical mouse model, the authors apply the proposed algorithm to study myocardial injury following radiation treatment of breast cancer. RESULTS Quantitative 5D simulations are performed using the MOBY mouse phantom. Twenty data sets (ten cardiac phases, two energies) are reconstructed with 88 μm, isotropic voxels from 450 total projections acquired over a single 360° rotation. In vivo 5D myocardial injury data sets acquired in two mice injected with gold and iodine nanoparticles are also reconstructed with 20 data sets per mouse using the same acquisition parameters (dose: ∼60 mGy). For both the simulations and the in vivo data, the reconstruction quality is sufficient to perform material decomposition into gold and iodine maps to localize the extent of myocardial injury (gold accumulation) and to measure cardiac functional metrics (vascular iodine). Their 5D CT imaging protocol represents a 95% reduction in radiation dose per cardiac phase and energy and a 40-fold decrease in projection sampling time relative to their standard imaging protocol. CONCLUSIONS Their 5D CT data acquisition and reconstruction protocol efficiently exploits the rank-sparse nature of spectral and temporal CT data to provide high-fidelity reconstruction results without increased radiation dose or sampling time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darin P Clark
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Cristian T Badea
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| |
Collapse
|