1
|
Klein E, Wurst R, Rehnlund D, Gescher J. Elucidating the development of cooperative anode-biofilm-structures. Biofilm 2024; 7:100193. [PMID: 38601817 PMCID: PMC11004076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical systems are a highly versatile platform technology with a particular focus on the interplay of chemical and electrical energy conversion and offer immense potential for a sustainable bioeconomy. The industrial realization of this potential requires a critical focus on biofilm optimization if performance is to be controlled over a long period of time. Moreover, the aspect and influence of cooperativity has to be addressed as many applied anodic bioelectrochemical systems will most likely be operated with a diversity of interacting microbial species. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyze how interspecies dependence and cooperativity of a model community influence the development of anodic biofilms. To investigate biofilm activity in a spatially resolved manner, a microfluidic bioelectrochemical flow cell was developed that can be equipped with user-defined electrode materials and operates under laminar flow conditions. With this infrastructure, the development of single and co-culture biofilms of the two model organisms Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter sulfurreducens on graphite electrodes was monitored by optical coherence tomography analysis. The interdependence in the co-culture biofilm was achieved by feeding the community with lactate, which is converted by S. oneidensis into acetate, which in turn serves as substrate for G. sulfurreducens. The results show that co-cultivation resulted in the formation of denser biofilms than in single culture. Moreover, we hypothesize that S. oneidensis in return utilizes the conductive biofilm matrix build by G. sulfurreducens for direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) to the anode. FISH analysis revealed that the biofilms consisted of approximately two-thirds G. sulfurreducens cells, which most likely formed a conductive 3D network throughout the biofilm matrix, in which evenly distributed tubular S. oneidensis colonies were embedded without direct contact to the anode surface. Live/dead staining shows that the outermost biofilm contained almost exclusively dead cells (98 %), layers near the anode contained 45-56 % and the entire biofilm contained 82 % live cells. Our results exemplify how the architecture of the exoelectrogenic biofilm dynamically adapts to the respective process conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Klein
- Institute of Technical Microbiology, University of Technology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - René Wurst
- Institute of Technical Microbiology, University of Technology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Rehnlund
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johannes Gescher
- Institute of Technical Microbiology, University of Technology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Smets B, Boschker HTS, Wetherington MT, Lelong G, Hidalgo-Martinez S, Polerecky L, Nuyts G, De Wael K, Meysman FJR. Multi-wavelength Raman microscopy of nickel-based electron transport in cable bacteria. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1208033. [PMID: 38525072 PMCID: PMC10959288 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1208033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cable bacteria embed a network of conductive protein fibers in their cell envelope that efficiently guides electron transport over distances spanning up to several centimeters. This form of long-distance electron transport is unique in biology and is mediated by a metalloprotein with a sulfur-coordinated nickel (Ni) cofactor. However, the molecular structure of this cofactor remains presently unknown. Here, we applied multi-wavelength Raman microscopy to identify cell compounds linked to the unique cable bacterium physiology, combined with stable isotope labeling, and orientation-dependent and ultralow-frequency Raman microscopy to gain insight into the structure and organization of this novel Ni-cofactor. Raman spectra of native cable bacterium filaments reveal vibrational modes originating from cytochromes, polyphosphate granules, proteins, as well as the Ni-cofactor. After selective extraction of the conductive fiber network from the cell envelope, the Raman spectrum becomes simpler, and primarily retains vibrational modes associated with the Ni-cofactor. These Ni-cofactor modes exhibit intense Raman scattering as well as a strong orientation-dependent response. The signal intensity is particularly elevated when the polarization of incident laser light is parallel to the direction of the conductive fibers. This orientation dependence allows to selectively identify the modes that are associated with the Ni-cofactor. We identified 13 such modes, some of which display strong Raman signals across the entire range of applied wavelengths (405-1,064 nm). Assignment of vibrational modes, supported by stable isotope labeling, suggest that the structure of the Ni-cofactor shares a resemblance with that of nickel bis(1,2-dithiolene) complexes. Overall, our results indicate that cable bacteria have evolved a unique cofactor structure that does not resemble any of the known Ni-cofactors in biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bent Smets
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Henricus T. S. Boschker
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Maxwell T. Wetherington
- Materials Characterization Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Gérald Lelong
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universités, France—Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | | | - Lubos Polerecky
- Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gert Nuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip J. R. Meysman
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Joyce GH, Leu AO, Zhao J, Rabiee H, Virdis B, Tyson GW, Yuan Z, McIlroy SJ, Hu S. Multi-heme cytochrome-mediated extracellular electron transfer by the anaerobic methanotroph 'Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens'. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6118. [PMID: 37777538 PMCID: PMC10542353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) carry out anaerobic oxidation of methane, thus playing a crucial role in the methane cycle. Previous genomic evidence indicates that multi-heme c-type cytochromes (MHCs) may facilitate the extracellular electron transfer (EET) from ANME to different electron sinks. Here, we provide experimental evidence supporting cytochrome-mediated EET for the reduction of metals and electrodes by 'Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens', an ANME acclimated to nitrate reduction. Ferrous iron-targeted fluorescent assays, metatranscriptomics, and single-cell imaging suggest that 'Ca. M. nitroreducens' uses surface-localized redox-active cytochromes for metal reduction. Electrochemical and Raman spectroscopic analyses also support the involvement of c-type cytochrome-mediated EET for electrode reduction. Furthermore, several genes encoding menaquinone cytochrome type-c oxidoreductases and extracellular MHCs are differentially expressed when different electron acceptors are used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Georgina H Joyce
- Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Andy O Leu
- Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Jing Zhao
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Ecological Engineering of Mine Wastes, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hesamoddin Rabiee
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, Australia
| | - Bernardino Virdis
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gene W Tyson
- Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon J McIlroy
- Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Klein EM, Knoll MT, Gescher J. Microbe-Anode Interactions: Comparing the impact of genetic and material engineering approaches to improve the performance of microbial electrochemical systems (MES). Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1179-1202. [PMID: 36808480 PMCID: PMC10221544 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) are a highly versatile platform technology with a particular focus on power or energy production. Often, they are used in combination with substrate conversion (e.g., wastewater treatment) and production of value-added compounds via electrode-assisted fermentation. This rapidly evolving field has seen great improvements both technically and biologically, but this interdisciplinarity sometimes hampers overseeing strategies to increase process efficiency. In this review, we first briefly summarize the terminology of the technology and outline the biological background that is essential for understanding and thus improving MES technology. Thereafter, recent research on improvements at the biofilm-electrode interface will be summarized and discussed, distinguishing between biotic and abiotic approaches. The two approaches are then compared, and resulting future directions are discussed. This mini-review therefore provides basic knowledge of MES technology and the underlying microbiology in general and reviews recent improvements at the bacteria-electrode interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edina M. Klein
- Institute of Technical MicrobiologyUniversity of Technology HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Melanie T. Knoll
- Institute of Technical MicrobiologyUniversity of Technology HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Johannes Gescher
- Institute of Technical MicrobiologyUniversity of Technology HamburgHamburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang B, Shi S, Tang R, Qiao C, Yang M, You Z, Shao S, Wu D, Yu H, Zhang J, Cao Y, Li F, Song H. Recent advances in enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation of exoelectrogenic microorganisms. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108175. [PMID: 37187358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Exoelectrogenic microorganisms (EEMs) catalyzed the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy via extracellular electron transfer (EET) mechanisms, which underlay diverse bio-electrochemical systems (BES) applications in clean energy development, environment and health monitoring, wearable/implantable devices powering, and sustainable chemicals production, thereby attracting increasing attentions from academic and industrial communities in the recent decades. However, knowledge of EEMs is still in its infancy as only ~100 EEMs of bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes have been identified, motivating the screening and capture of new EEMs. This review presents a systematic summarization on EEM screening technologies in terms of enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation. We first generalize the distribution characteristics of known EEMs, which provide a basis for EEM screening. Then, we summarize EET mechanisms and the principles underlying various technological approaches to the enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity of EEMs, in which a comprehensive analysis of the applicability, accuracy, and efficiency of each technology is reviewed. Finally, we provide a future perspective on EEM screening and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation by focusing on (i) novel EET mechanisms for developing the next-generation EEM screening technologies, and (ii) integration of meta-omics approaches and bioinformatics analyses to explore nonculturable EEMs. This review promotes the development of advanced technologies to capture new EEMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baocai Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sicheng Shi
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunxiao Qiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Meiyi Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zixuan You
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shulin Shao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Deguang Wu
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Luban Ave, Renhuai 564507, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junqi Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingxiu Cao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Feng Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Z, Asefaw BK, Xiong Y, Chen H, Tang Y. Evidence and Mechanisms of Selenate Reduction to Extracellular Elemental Selenium Nanoparticles on the Biocathode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16259-16270. [PMID: 36239462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) production is a roadblock to the recovery of selenium from biological water treatment processes because it is energy intensive to break microbial cells and then separate SeNPs. This study provided evidence of significantly more extracellular SeNP production on the biocathode (97-99%) compared to the conventional reactors (1-90%) using transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The cathodic microbial community analysis showed that relative abundance of Azospira oryzae, Desulfovibrio, Stenotrophomonas, and Rhodocyclaceae was <1% in the inoculum but enriched to 10-21% for each group when the bioelectrochemical reactor reached a steady state. These four groups of microorganisms simultaneously produce intracellular and extracellular SeNPs in conventional biofilm reactors per literature review but prefer to produce extracellular SeNPs on the cathode. This observation may be explained by the cellular energetics: by producing extracellular SeNPs on the biocathode, microbes do not need to transfer selenate and the electrons from the cathode into the cells, thereby saving energy. Extracellular SeNP production on the biocathode is feasible since we found high concentrations of C-type cytochrome, which is well known for its ability to transfer electrons from electrodes to microbial cells and reduce selenate to SeNPs on the cell membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Benhur K Asefaw
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Yi Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Huan Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Youneng Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nims C, Johnson JE. Exploring the secondary mineral products generated by microbial iron respiration in Archean ocean simulations. GEOBIOLOGY 2022; 20:743-763. [PMID: 36087062 PMCID: PMC9826415 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine chemical sedimentary deposits known as Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) archive Archean ocean chemistry and, potentially, signs of ancient microbial life. BIFs contain a diversity of iron- and silica-rich minerals in disequilibrium, and thus many interpretations of these phases suggest they formed secondarily during early diagenetic processes. One such hypothesis posits that the early diagenetic microbial respiration of primary iron(III) oxides in BIFs resulted in the formation of other iron phases, including the iron-rich silicates, carbonates, and magnetite common in BIF assemblages. Here, we simulated this proposed pathway in laboratory incubations combining a model dissimilatory iron-reducing (DIR) bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, and the ferric oxyhydroxide mineral ferrihydrite under conditions mimicking the predicted Archean seawater geochemistry. We assessed the impact of dissolved silica, calcium, and magnesium on the bioreduced precipitates. After harvesting the solid products from these experiments, we analyzed the reduced mineral phases using Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, and spectrophotometric techniques to identify mineral precipitates and track the bulk distributions of Fe(II) and Fe(III). These techniques detected a diverse range of calcium carbonate morphologies and polymorphism in incubations with calcium, as well as secondary ferric oxide phases like goethite in silica-free experiments. We also identified aggregates of curling, iron- and silica-rich amorphous precipitates in all incubations amended with silica. Although ferric oxides persist even in our electron acceptor-limited incubations, our observations indicate that microbial iron reduction of ferrihydrite is a viable pathway for the formation of early iron silicate phases. This finding allows us to draw parallels between our experimental proto-silicates and the recently characterized iron silicate nanoinclusions in BIF chert deposits, suggesting that early iron silicates could possibly be signatures of iron-reducing metabolisms on early Earth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Nims
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Jena E. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Trans-cinnamaldehyde inhibits Penicillium italicum by damaging mitochondria and inducing apoptosis mechanisms. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
9
|
Pereira J, de Nooy S, Sleutels T, Ter Heijne A. Opportunities for visual techniques to determine characteristics and limitations of electro-active biofilms. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108011. [PMID: 35753624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) relies on a better understanding of electro-active biofilms (EABfs). These microbial communities are studied with a range of techniques, including electrochemical, visual and chemical techniques. Even though each of these techniques provides very valuable and wide-ranging information about EABfs, such as performance, morphology and biofilm composition, they are often destructive. Therefore, the information obtained from EABfs development and characterization studies are limited to a single characterization of EABfs and often limited to one time point that determines the end of the experiment. Despite being scarcer and not as commonly reported as destructive techniques, non-destructive visual techniques can be used to supplement EABfs characterization by adding in-situ information of EABfs functioning and its development throughout time. This opens the door to EABfs monitoring studies that can complement the information obtained with destructive techniques. In this review, we provide an overview of visual techniques and discuss the opportunities for combination with the established electrochemical techniques to study EABfs. By providing an overview of suitable visual techniques and discussing practical examples of combination of visual with electrochemical methods, this review aims at serving as a source of inspiration for future studies in the field of BESs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Pereira
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sam de Nooy
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Sleutels
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Matabosch Coromina H, Antonio Cuffaro G, Tommasi T, Puig S, Virdis B. A slurry electrode based on reduced graphene oxide and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) for applications in microbial electrochemical technologies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
Nazeer Z, Fernando EY. A novel growth and isolation medium for exoelectrogenic bacteria. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 155:109995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
12
|
Nath D, Das S, Ghangrekar MM. High throughput techniques for the rapid identification of electroactive microorganisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131489. [PMID: 34265713 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive microorganisms (EAM), capable of executing extracellular electron transfer (EET) in/out of a cell, are employed in microbial electrochemical technologies (MET) and bioelectronics for harnessing electricity from wastewater, bioremediation and as biosensors. Thus, investigation on EAM is becoming a topic of interest for multidisciplinary areas, such as environmental science, energy and health sectors. Though, EAM are widespread in three domains of life, nevertheless, only a few hundred EAM have been identified so far and hence, the rapid identification of EAM is imperative. In this review, the techniques that are developed for the direct identification of EAM, such as azo dye and WO3 based techniques, dielectrophoresis, potentiostatic/galvanometric techniques, and other indirect methods, such as spectroscopy and molecular biology techniques, are highlighted with a special focus on time required for the detection of these EAM. The bottlenecks for identifying EAM and the knowledge gaps based on the present investigations are also discussed. Thus, this review is intended to encourage researchers for devolving high-throughput techniques for identifying EAM with more accuracy, while consuming less time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyojyoty Nath
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sovik Das
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - M M Ghangrekar
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
d'Ippolito G, Squadrito G, Tucci M, Esercizio N, Sardo A, Vastano M, Lanzilli M, Fontana A, Cristiani P. Electrostimulation of hyperthermophile Thermotoga neapolitana cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124078. [PMID: 33254443 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermophile bioelectrochemical systems are seldom investigated although their superior control of microbial consortium and thermodynamic advantages. Hyperthermophilic Thermotogales, for instance, are able to produce hydrogen and lactic acid from wastes better than mesophilic bacteria. Here, the electrostimulation of Thermotoga neapolitana in single-chamber electrochemical bioreactors is studied. The glucose fermentation under CO2 pressure, as model metabolism, was tested at 80 °C. Results show that a dynamic polarization (±0.8 to ±1.2 V) drives glucose fermentation and biofilm stasis on electrodes. Under this condition, production of lactic acid (33 vs 12 mM) and yields of acetate and hydrogen (with lactic/acetic acid ratio of 1.18) were higher than those achieved with static polarization or open-circuit. Dynamic polarization is possibly exploitable to stimulate T. neapolitana in a hyperthermophile electrochemical system for various applications including control of power-to-gas processes or production of value-added products (hydrogen and lactic acid) from sugary wastes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G d'Ippolito
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - G Squadrito
- Istitute of Advanced Tecnologies for Energy (ITAE), National Research Council (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - M Tucci
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km29, 300 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; e-Bio Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - N Esercizio
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - A Sardo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - M Vastano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - M Lanzilli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - A Fontana
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemsitry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Na, Italy
| | - P Cristiani
- Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico - RSE S.p.A., via Rubattino, 54, 20134 Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pinck S, Ostormujof LM, Teychené S, Erable B. Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1841. [PMID: 33238493 PMCID: PMC7700166 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is the ambition of many researchers to finally be able to close in on the fundamental, coupled phenomena that occur during the formation and expression of electrocatalytic activity in electroactive biofilms. It is because of this desire to understand that bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been miniaturized into microBES by taking advantage of the worldwide development of microfluidics. Microfluidics tools applied to bioelectrochemistry permit even more fundamental studies of interactions and coupled phenomena occurring at the microscale, thanks, in particular, to the concomitant combination of electroanalysis, spectroscopic analytical techniques and real-time microscopy that is now possible. The analytical microsystem is therefore much better suited to the monitoring, not only of electroactive biofilm formation but also of the expression and disentangling of extracellular electron transfer (EET) catalytic mechanisms. This article reviews the details of the configurations of microfluidic BESs designed for selected objectives and their microfabrication techniques. Because the aim is to manipulate microvolumes and due to the high modularity of the experimental systems, the interfacial conditions between electrodes and electrolytes are perfectly controlled in terms of physicochemistry (pH, nutrients, chemical effectors, etc.) and hydrodynamics (shear, material transport, etc.). Most of the theoretical advances have been obtained thanks to work carried out using models of electroactive bacteria monocultures, mainly to simplify biological investigation systems. However, a huge virgin field of investigation still remains to be explored by taking advantage of the capacities of microfluidic BESs regarding the complexity and interactions of mixed electroactive biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Benjamin Erable
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.P.); (L.M.O.); (S.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
A New Approach for Evaluating Electron Transfer Dynamics by Using In Situ Resonance Raman Microscopy and Chronoamperometry in Conjunction with a Dynamic Model. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01535-20. [PMID: 32826217 PMCID: PMC7531965 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01535-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems can fill a vast array of application niches, due to the control of redox reactions that it offers. Although native microorganisms are preferred for applications such as bioremediation, more control is required for applications such as biosensors or biocomputing. The development of a chassis organism, in which the EET is well defined and readily controllable, is therefore essential. The combined approach in this work offers a unique way of monitoring and describing the reaction kinetics of a G. sulfurreducens biofilm, as well as offering a dynamic model that can be used in conjunction with applications such as biosensors. Geobacter sulfurreducens is a good candidate as a chassis organism due to its ability to form thick, conductive biofilms, enabling long-distance extracellular electron transfer (EET). Due to the complexity of EET pathways in G. sulfurreducens, a dynamic approach is required to study genetically modified EET rates in the biofilm. By coupling online resonance Raman microscopy with chronoamperometry, we were able to observe the dynamic discharge response in the biofilm’s cytochromes to an increase in anode voltage. Measuring the heme redox state alongside the current allows for the fitting of a dynamic model using the current response and a subsequent validation of the model via the value of a reduced cytochrome c Raman peak. The modeled reduced cytochromes closely fitted the Raman response data from the G. sulfurreducens wild-type strain, showing the oxidation of heme groups in cytochromes until a new steady state was achieved. Furthermore, the use of a dynamic model also allows for the calculation of internal rates, such as acetate and NADH consumption rates. The Raman response of a mutant lacking OmcS showed a higher initial oxidation rate than predicted, followed by an almost linear decrease of the reduced mediators. The increased initial rate could be attributed to an increase in biofilm conductivity, previously observed in biofilms lacking OmcS. One explanation for this is that OmcS acts as a conduit between cytochromes; therefore, deleting the gene restricts the rate of electron transfer to the extracellular matrix. This could, however, be modeled assuming a linear oxidation rate of intercellular mediators. IMPORTANCE Bioelectrochemical systems can fill a vast array of application niches, due to the control of redox reactions that it offers. Although native microorganisms are preferred for applications such as bioremediation, more control is required for applications such as biosensors or biocomputing. The development of a chassis organism, in which the EET is well defined and readily controllable, is therefore essential. The combined approach in this work offers a unique way of monitoring and describing the reaction kinetics of a G. sulfurreducens biofilm, as well as offering a dynamic model that can be used in conjunction with applications such as biosensors.
Collapse
|
16
|
Heidary N, Kornienko N, Kalathil S, Fang X, Ly KH, Greer HF, Reisner E. Disparity of Cytochrome Utilization in Anodic and Cathodic Extracellular Electron Transfer Pathways of Geobacter sulfurreducens Biofilms. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5194-5203. [PMID: 32066233 PMCID: PMC7082794 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) in microorganisms is prevalent in nature and has been utilized in functional bioelectrochemical systems. EET of Geobacter sulfurreducens has been extensively studied and has been revealed to be facilitated through c-type cytochromes, which mediate charge between the electrode and G. sulfurreducens in anodic mode. However, the EET pathway of cathodic conversion of fumarate to succinate is still under debate. Here, we apply a variety of analytical methods, including electrochemistry, UV-vis absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, and electron microscopy, to understand the involvement of cytochromes and other possible electron-mediating species in the switching between anodic and cathodic reaction modes. By switching the applied bias for a G. sulfurreducens biofilm coupled to investigating the quantity and function of cytochromes, as well as the emergence of Fe-containing particles on the cell membrane, we provide evidence of a diminished role of cytochromes in cathodic EET. This work sheds light on the mechanisms of G. sulfurreducens biofilm growth and suggests the possible existence of a nonheme, iron-involving EET process in cathodic mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Heidary
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shafeer Kalathil
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Xin Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Khoa H. Ly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Heather F. Greer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Moß C, Behrens A, Schröder U. The Limits of Three-Dimensionality: Systematic Assessment of Effective Anode Macrostructure Dimensions for Mixed-Culture Electroactive Biofilms. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:582-589. [PMID: 31743607 PMCID: PMC7027515 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes the biofilm growth and long-term current production of mixed-culture, electrochemically active biofilms (EABs) on macrostructured electrodes under low-shear-force conditions. The channel dimensions were altered systematically in the range 400 μm to 2 mm, and the channel heights were varied between 1 and 4 mm to simulate macrostructures of different scales. Electrodes with finer-structured surfaces produced higher current densities in the short term owing to their large surface area but were outperformed in the long term because the accumulation of biomass led to limitations of mass transfer into the structures. The best long-term performance was observed for electrodes with channel dimensions of 1×4 mm, which showed no significant decrease in performance in the long term. Channels with a diameter of 400 μm were overgrown by the biofilm, which led to a transition from 3 D to 2 D behavior, indicating that structures of this scale might not be suitable for long-term operation under low-shear-stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Moß
- Institute of Environmental and Sustainable ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Andreas Behrens
- Institute of Environmental and Sustainable ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Uwe Schröder
- Institute of Environmental and Sustainable ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
A facile method to enhance the performance of soil bioelectrochemical systems using in situ reduced graphene oxide. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
19
|
Yang Y, Kong F, Li M, Fan J, Qiu T. Interaction between indium tin oxide nanoparticles and ferricytochrome c: Conformation, redox state, and adsorption scheme. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 213:64-72. [PMID: 30682648 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The conformations and redox states of ferricytochrome c, before and after adsorption onto the surface of the indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles, are studied to reveal the interaction nature between the cytochrome c and the conducting metal oxide surface. The characterizations with resonance Raman scattering and UV-Vis absorption reveal that the change of pH at moderate ionic strength induces transitions of conformations and redox-states, which suggests that there is intramolecular electron transfer. The conformations of the cytochrome c species are maintained after adsorption onto or collision with the ITO surface, but the redox states change significantly, and the change depends on the surface structure of the ITO nanoparticle. The adsorption or collision processes are governed by the pH-dependent electrostatic interaction between the proteins and the buffer anions bound to the ITO surface. This adsorption scenario differs from the conventional ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Yang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fan Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyang Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
On-Line Raman Spectroscopic Study of Cytochromes' Redox State of Biofilms in Microbial Fuel Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030646. [PMID: 30759821 PMCID: PMC6384720 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-electrochemical systems such as microbial fuel cells and microbial electrosynthesis cells depend on efficient electron transfer between the microorganisms and the electrodes. Understanding the mechanisms and dynamics of the electron transfer is important in order to design more efficient reactors, as well as modifying microorganisms for enhanced electricity production. Geobacter are well known for their ability to form thick biofilms and transfer electrons to the surfaces of electrodes. Currently, there are not many “on-line” systems for monitoring the activity of the biofilm and the electron transfer process without harming the biofilm. Raman microscopy was shown to be capable of providing biochemical information, i.e., the redox state of C-type cytochromes, which is integral to external electron transfer, without harming the biofilm. In the current study, a custom 3D printed flow-through cuvette was used in order to analyze the oxidation state of the C-type cytochromes of suspended cultures of three Geobacter sulfurreducens strains (PCA, KN400 and ΔpilA). It was found that the oxidation state is a good indicator of the metabolic state of the cells. Furthermore, an anaerobic fluidic system enabling in situ Raman measurements was designed and applied successfully to monitor and characterize G. sulfurreducens biofilms during electricity generation, for both a wild strain, PCA, and a mutant, ΔS. The cytochrome redox state, monitored by the Raman peak areas, could be modulated by applying different poise voltages to the electrodes. This also correlated with the modulation of current transferred from the cytochromes to the electrode. The Raman peak area changed in a predictable and reversible manner, indicating that the system could be used for analyzing the oxidation state of the proteins responsible for the electron transfer process and the kinetics thereof in-situ.
Collapse
|
21
|
Li D, Li J, Liu D, Ma X, Cheng L, Li W, Qian C, Mu Y, Yu H. Potential regulates metabolism and extracellular respiration of electroactiveGeobacterbiofilm. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:961-971. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao‐Bo Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Dong‐Feng Liu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Lei Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Wen‐Wei Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Yang Mu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Han‐Qing Yu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang P, Chen YP, Qiu JH, Dai YZ, Feng B. Imaging the Microprocesses in Biofilm Matrices. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 37:214-226. [PMID: 30075862 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms, which are aggregates of microorganisms and extracellular matrices, widely colonize natural water bodies, wastewater treatment systems, and body tissues, and have vital roles in water purification, biofouling, and infectious diseases. Recently, multiple imaging modalities have been developed to visualize the morphological structure and material distribution within biofilms and to probe the microprocesses in biofilm matrices, including biofilm formation, transfer and metabolism of substrates, and cell-cell communication. These technologies have improved our understanding of biofilm control and the fates of substrates in biofilms. In this review, we describe the principles of various imaging techniques and discuss the advantages and limitations of each approach to characterizing microprocesses in biofilm matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - You-Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Ju-Hui Qiu
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - You-Zhi Dai
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Bo Feng
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lebedev N, Yates MD, Griva I, Tender LM. Internal Redox Polarity of an Individual G. sulfurreducens Bacterial Cell Attached to an Inorganic Substrate. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1820-1829. [PMID: 29873443 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cell polarity is an internal asymmetric distribution of subcellular components, including proteins, lipids, and other molecules that correlates with the cell ability to sense energy and metabolite sources, chemical signals, quorum signals, toxins, and movement in the desired directions. This ability also plays central role in cell attachment to various surfaces and biofilm formation. Mechanisms and factors controlling formation of this cell internal asymmetry are not completely understood. As a step in this direction, in the present work, we develop an approach for analyzing how information about inorganic substrate can be non-genetically coded inside an individual bacterial cell. As a model system, we use G. sulfurreducens cells attached to an inorganic mineral, mica. The approach utilizes confocal Raman microscopy, Gaussian deconvolution, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and allows for quick label-free identification of the molecular signature of cytochrome intracellular location and the cell to substrate binding down to the level of individual bacterial cells. Our results describe a spectroscopic signature of cell adhesion and how the information about cell adhesion can be coded inside individual bacterial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Igor Griva
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Center of Simulation and Modeling, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yates MD, Barr Engel S, Eddie BJ, Lebedev N, Malanoski AP, Tender LM. Redox-gradient driven electron transport in a mixed community anodic biofilm. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:4990946. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Sarah Barr Engel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 220 Hollister Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Brian J Eddie
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Anthony P Malanoski
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Robuschi L, Tomba JP, Busalmen JP. Proving Geobacter biofilm connectivity with confocal Raman microscopy. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
26
|
Raman microspectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman scattering microspectroscopy, and stable-isotope Raman microspectroscopy for biofilm characterization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4353-4375. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
27
|
Zhang X, Philips J, Roume H, Guo K, Rabaey K, Prévoteau A. Rapid and Quantitative Assessment of Redox Conduction Across Electroactive Biofilms by using Double Potential Step Chronoamperometry. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Jo Philips
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Hugo Roume
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
- MetaGenoPolis; INRA; Université Paris-Saclay Domaine de Vilvert; Bâtiment 325 78350 Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - Kun Guo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Antonin Prévoteau
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (cmet); Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li DB, Huang YX, Li J, Li LL, Tian LJ, Yu HQ. Electrochemical activities of Geobacter biofilms growing on electrodes with various potentials. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
29
|
Anodic biofilms as the interphase for electroactive bacterial growth on carbon veil. Biointerphases 2016; 11:031013. [PMID: 27609094 DOI: 10.1116/1.4962264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and activity of electrochemically active biofilms (EABs) are usually investigated on flat electrodes. However, real world applications such as wastewater treatment and bioelectrosynthesis require tridimensional electrodes to increase surface area and facilitate EAB attachment. The structure and activity of thick EABs grown on high surface area electrodes are difficult to characterize with electrochemical and microscopy methods. Here, the authors adopt a stacked electrode configuration to simulate the high surface and the tridimensional structure of an electrode for large-scale EAB applications. Each layer of the stacked electrode is independently characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and digital image processing. Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilm on stacked carbon veil electrodes is grown under constant oxidative potentials (0, +200, and +400 mV versus Ag/AgCl) until a stable current output is obtained. The textural, aerial, and volumetric parameters extracted from CLSM images allow tracking of the evolution of morphological properties within the stacked electrodes. The electrode layers facing the bulk liquid show higher biovolumes compared with the inner layer of the stack. The electrochemical performance of S. oneidensis MR-1 is directly linked to the overall biofilm volume as well as connectivity between cell clusters.
Collapse
|
30
|
Popat SC, Torres CI. Critical transport rates that limit the performance of microbial electrochemistry technologies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:265-273. [PMID: 27211921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemistry technologies (METs) take advantage of the connection of microorganisms with electrodes. In the classic case of a microbial anode, the maximization of current density produced is often the goal. But, current production is dependent on many transport processes occurring, which can be rate-limiting. These include the fluxes of electron donor and acceptor, the ionic flux, the acidity and alkalinity fluxes at anode and cathode respectively, the electron transport flux at the biofilm, and the reactant/product crossover flux. Associated with these fluxes are inherent concentration gradients that can affect performance. This critical review provides an analysis on how these transport processes have hindered the development of METs, and how MET designs have evolved as more knowledge of these transport limitations is gained. Finally, suggestions are provided on how to design MET systems taking into consideration critical transport processes that are intimately linked to the current produced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep C Popat
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - César I Torres
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yuan Y, Guo T, Qiu X, Tang J, Huang Y, Zhuang L, Zhou S, Li Z, Guan BO, Zhang X, Albert J. Electrochemical Surface Plasmon Resonance Fiber-Optic Sensor: In Situ Detection of Electroactive Biofilms. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7609-16. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Tuan Guo
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute
of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuhui Qiu
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute
of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute
of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute
of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute
of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department
of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jacques Albert
- Department
of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa K1S5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Virdis B, Millo D, Donose BC, Lu Y, Batstone DJ, Krömer JO. Analysis of electron transfer dynamics in mixed community electroactive microbial biofilms. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically active microbial biofilms are capable to produce electric current when grown onto electrodes. This work investigates the dynamics of electron transfer inside the biofilm as well as at the biofilm/electrode interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardino Virdis
- The University of Queensland
- Centre for Microbial Electrochemical Systems (CEMES)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- The University of Queensland
| | - Diego Millo
- Biomolecular Spectroscopy/LaserLaB Amsterdam
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- NL-1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan C. Donose
- The University of Queensland
- Centre for Microbial Electrochemical Systems (CEMES)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- The University of Queensland
| | - Yang Lu
- The University of Queensland
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Damien J. Batstone
- The University of Queensland
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Jens O. Krömer
- The University of Queensland
- Centre for Microbial Electrochemical Systems (CEMES)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- The University of Queensland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
In Situ Analysis of a Silver Nanoparticle-Precipitating Shewanella Biofilm by Surface Enhanced Confocal Raman Microscopy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145871. [PMID: 26709923 PMCID: PMC4692441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is an electroactive bacterium, capable of reducing extracellular insoluble electron acceptors, making it important for both nutrient cycling in nature and microbial electrochemical technologies, such as microbial fuel cells and microbial electrosynthesis. When allowed to anaerobically colonize an Ag/AgCl solid interface, S. oneidensis has precipitated silver nanoparticles (AgNp), thus providing the means for a surface enhanced confocal Raman microscopy (SECRaM) investigation of its biofilm. The result is the in-situ chemical mapping of the biofilm as it developed over time, where the distribution of cytochromes, reduced and oxidized flavins, polysaccharides and phosphate in the undisturbed biofilm is monitored. Utilizing AgNp bio-produced by the bacteria colonizing the Ag/AgCl interface, we could perform SECRaM while avoiding the use of a patterned or roughened support or the introduction of noble metal salts and reducing agents. This new method will allow a spatially and temporally resolved chemical investigation not only of Shewanella biofilms at an insoluble electron acceptor, but also of other noble metal nanoparticle-precipitating bacteria in laboratory cultures or in complex microbial communities in their natural habitats.
Collapse
|
35
|
Successive bioanode regenerations to maintain efficient current production from biowaste. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:133-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
36
|
Korth B, Rosa LF, Harnisch F, Picioreanu C. A framework for modeling electroactive microbial biofilms performing direct electron transfer. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:194-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
Zacharoff L, Chan CH, Bond DR. Reduction of low potential electron acceptors requires the CbcL inner membrane cytochrome of Geobacter sulfurreducens. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 107:7-13. [PMID: 26407054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The respiration of metals by the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens requires electrons generated by metabolism to pass from the interior of the cell to electron acceptors beyond the cell membranes. The G. sulfurreducens inner membrane multiheme c-type cytochrome ImcH is required for respiration to extracellular electron acceptors with redox potentials greater than -0.1 V vs. SHE, but ImcH is not essential for electron transfer to lower potential acceptors. In contrast, deletion of cbcL, encoding an inner membrane protein consisting of b-type and multiheme c-type cytochrome domains, severely affected reduction of low potential electron acceptors such as Fe(III)-oxides and electrodes poised at -0.1 V vs. SHE. Catalytic cyclic voltammetry of a ΔcbcL strain growing on poised electrodes revealed a 50 mV positive shift in driving force required for electron transfer out of the cell. In non-catalytic conditions, low-potential peaks present in wild type biofilms were absent in ∆cbcL mutants. Expression of cbcL in trans increased growth at low redox potential and restored features to cyclic voltammetry. This evidence supports a model where CbcL is a component of a second electron transfer pathway out of the G. sulfurreducens inner membrane that dominates when redox potential is at or below -0.1 V vs. SHE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Zacharoff
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Chi Ho Chan
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Daniel R Bond
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gong XB, You SJ, Yuan Y, Zhang JN, Sun K, Ren NQ. Three-Dimensional Pseudocapacitive Interface for Enhanced Power Production in a Microbial Fuel Cell. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
39
|
Millo D. An Electrochemical Strategy to Measure the Thickness of Electroactive Microbial Biofilms. ChemElectroChem 2015; 2:288-291. [PMID: 27525209 PMCID: PMC4964880 DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The study of electroactive microbial biofilms often requires knowledge of the biofilm thickness. Unfortunately, this parameter is, nowadays, only accessible through expensive microscopic techniques. This work overcomes this limitation by presenting a new strategy, exploiting the use of chronoamperometry (CA) alone. A mixed-culture biofilm is exposed to an O2-saturated solution during anode respiration to suppress its catalytic activity. Assuming that inactivation of the electrocatalytic process is caused by O2 diffusion through the biofilm, a simple relation allows the use of the time constant extracted from the fitting of the curve of the CA trace during inactivation for the straightforward and quantitative determination of biofilm thickness. The biofilm thickness obtained with this method obeys the expected trend reported for biofilm growth and is in agreement with optical measurements. Contrary to the techniques usually employed to determine biofilm thickness, this new strategy is very rapid, nondisruptive, inexpensive, and may become a convenient alternative with respect to expensive and time-consuming microscopic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Millo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam (The Netherlands) E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Millo D, Ly HK. Towards the understanding of the effect of oxygen on the electrocatalytic activity of microbial biofilms: a spectroelectrochemical study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-respiring bacteria oxidize an organic substrate and transfer the liberated electrons to the electrode. Molecular oxygen interrupts the current flow by cutting the electrical circuit wiring the cell metabolism to the electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Millo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- VU University Amsterdam
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - H. K. Ly
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Institut für Chemie
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yoho RA, Popat SC, Torres CI. Dynamic potential-dependent electron transport pathway shifts in anode biofilms of Geobacter sulfurreducens. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:3413-3419. [PMID: 25351488 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms of the anode-respiring bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens (G. sulfurreducens) demonstrate dynamic potential-dependent changes between two electron transport pathways that are used selectively depending on the anode potential. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements suggest that these pathways (both n=1), with midpoint potentials of -0.155 (± 0.005) and -0.095 (± 0.003) V versus standard hydrogen electrode, are not additive within the biofilm, but are preferentially used depending on the anode potential. Potential step voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry (CV) confirmed rapid changes between the two pathways in minutes when the anode potential is changed. We confirm that the electrochemical response observed in a slow-scan-rate CV (∼1 mV s(-1) ) is often composed of at least the two pathways characterized. Thus, beyond understanding the electron transport pathways in G. sulfurreducens, this study also has implications on the interpretation of previously collected and future potential-dependent datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Yoho
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Avenue, Tempe, AZ 85287 (USA); School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287 (USA).
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jung GB, Nam SW, Choi S, Lee GJ, Park HK. Evaluation of antibiotic effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm using Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:3238-51. [PMID: 25401035 PMCID: PMC4230853 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the mode of action and classification of antibiotic agents (ceftazidime, patulin, and epigallocatechin gallate; EGCG) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) biofilm using Raman spectroscopy with multivariate analysis, including support vector machine (SVM) and principal component analysis (PCA). This method allows for quantitative, label-free, non-invasive and rapid monitoring of biochemical changes in complex biofilm matrices with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, the biofilms were grown and treated with various agents in the microfluidic device, and then transferred onto gold-coated substrates for Raman measurement. Here, we show changes in biochemical properties, and this technology can be used to distinguish between changes induced in P. aeruginosa biofilms using three antibiotic agents. The Raman band intensities associated with DNA and proteins were decreased, compared to control biofilms, when the biofilms were treated with antibiotics. Unlike with exposure to ceftazidime and patulin, the Raman spectrum of biofilms exposed to EGCG showed a shift in the spectral position of the CH deformation stretch band from 1313 cm(-1) to 1333 cm(-1), and there was no difference in the band intensity at 1530 cm(-1) (C = C stretching, carotenoids). The PCA-SVM analysis results show that antibiotic-treated biofilms can be detected with high sensitivity of 93.33%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 98.33%. This method also discriminated the three antibiotic agents based on the cellular biochemical and structural changes induced by antibiotics with high sensitivity and specificity of 100%. This study suggests that Raman spectroscopy with PCA-SVM is potentially useful for the rapid identification and classification of clinically-relevant antibiotics of bacteria biofilm. Furthermore, this method could be a powerful approach for the development and screening of new antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Bok Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Seong Won Nam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Samjin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
- Program of Medical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Gi-Ja Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
- Program of Medical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Hun-Kuk Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
- Program of Medical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|