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Aluganti Narasimhulu C, Singla DK. Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis enhances monocyte infiltration and adverse cardiac remodeling in diabetic animals. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:441-452. [PMID: 34932406 PMCID: PMC10720696 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cancer patients were treated with doxorubicin (DOX), a potent chemotherapeutic drug that induces cardiac toxicity; however, molecular mechanisms of cardiac toxicity in this specific disease progression in patients and animal models are completely unknown. Therefore, we designed a study to understand the effects of DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in diabetic animals and the involved pathophysiological mechanisms. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into four DOX- and diabetic (streptozotocin; STZ) - treated groups; control, STZ, DOX, and DOX+STZ. At day 14, animals were sacrificed, echocardiography was used to examine heart function, and heart and blood samples were collected to investigate apoptotic mechanisms (caspase 3, BAX, B-Cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)), inflammation, and cardiac remodeling. Our data shows a significant (p < 0.05) increase in glucose levels, apoptotic markers, and monocyte infiltration at the site of apoptosis and triggered inflammatory immune response (tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), in DOX+STZ animals compared with control and experimental groups. We also observed significant (p < 0.05) increase in myofibrillar area, fibrosis, and significantly decreased (p < 0.05) cardiac function in DOX-treated diabetic animals compared with controls. In conclusion, our data suggest that DOX induces significantly increased apoptosis, fibrosis, and structural alterations in diabetic hearts compared with non-diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Dessouki FBA, Singal PK, Singla DK. Rat-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Cardiac Myocytes in a Cell Culture Dish. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2520:37-51. [PMID: 34128207 PMCID: PMC10716860 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are genetically reprogrammed somatic cells that exhibit embryonic stem cell-like characteristics such as self-renewal and pluripotency. These cells have broad differentiation capability to convert into diverse cell types that make up the primary germ layers during embryonic development. iPS cells can spontaneously differentiate and form cell aggregates termed embryoid bodies (EBs) in the absence of differentiation inhibitory factors. Unlike other methods used to generate EBs, "the hanging drop" method offers reproducibility and homogeneity from a set number of iPS cells. As such, we describe the differentiation of rat-induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiac myocytes in vitro using the hanging drop method. Both the confirmation and identification of the cardiac myocytes are done using immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR, Western Blot, and Flow Cytometry. Briefly, a specific number of iPS cells are placed in droplets on the lid of culture dishes and incubated for 2 days, yielding embryoid bodies, which are suspended and plated. Spontaneous beating of cardiomyocytes can be seen 7-14 days after the plating of EBs and specific cardiac markers can be observed through identification assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Bianca A Dessouki
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Pawan K Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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Zhdanovskaya N, Firrincieli M, Lazzari S, Pace E, Scribani Rossi P, Felli MP, Talora C, Screpanti I, Palermo R. Targeting Notch to Maximize Chemotherapeutic Benefits: Rationale, Advanced Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205106. [PMID: 34680255 PMCID: PMC8533696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation in a context-dependent fashion both during embryonic development and in adult tissue homeostasis. Consistent with its pleiotropic physiological role, unproper activation of the signaling promotes or counteracts tumor pathogenesis and therapy response in distinct tissues. In the last twenty years, a wide number of studies have highlighted the anti-cancer potential of Notch-modulating agents as single treatment and in combination with the existent therapies. However, most of these strategies have failed in the clinical exploration due to dose-limiting toxicity and low efficacy, encouraging the development of novel agents and the design of more appropriate combinations between Notch signaling inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs with improved safety and effectiveness for distinct types of cancer. Abstract Notch signaling guides cell fate decisions by affecting proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation depending on cell and tissue context. Given its multifaceted function during tissue development, both overactivation and loss of Notch signaling have been linked to tumorigenesis in ways that are either oncogenic or oncosuppressive, but always context-dependent. Notch signaling is critical for several mechanisms of chemoresistance including cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stroma interaction, and malignant neovascularization that makes its targeting an appealing strategy against tumor growth and recurrence. During the last decades, numerous Notch-interfering agents have been developed, and the abundant preclinical evidence has been transformed in orphan drug approval for few rare diseases. However, the majority of Notch-dependent malignancies remain untargeted, even if the application of Notch inhibitors alone or in combination with common chemotherapeutic drugs is being evaluated in clinical trials. The modest clinical success of current Notch-targeting strategies is mostly due to their limited efficacy and severe on-target toxicity in Notch-controlled healthy tissues. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence on combinatorial treatment between different Notch signaling inhibitors and existent chemotherapeutic drugs, providing a comprehensive picture of molecular mechanisms explaining the potential or lacking success of these combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Mariarosaria Firrincieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Pietro Scribani Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu YM, Chen YY, Yang XC, Duan L. The Synergistic Effects of Astragalus mongholicus and Salvia miltiorrhiza on Coronary Heart Disease Identified by Network Pharmacology and Experiment. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4053-4069. [PMID: 34611395 PMCID: PMC8486279 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Two Chinese herbal medicines Huang Qi (HQ, Astragalus mongholicus) and Dan Shen (DS, Salvia miltiorrhiza) are often combined to treat coronary heart disease (CHD). The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying synergistic effects and mechanisms of HQ and DS against CHD. METHODS The active components and targets of HQ and DS, CHD-related genes, and the biological progression were analysed by network pharmacology. The myocardial infarction (MI) rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac function was detected by ultrasonic electrocardiography. The MI size, fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, lipid metabolism, blood viscosity, and coagulation indexes were analysed by histological staining or chemical methods, respectively. RESULTS A total of 170 shared and specific seed genes of HQ and DS against CHD were identified. The shared and specific biological processes of HQ and DS against CHD were obtained. The LVEF and LVFS values significantly increased, the myocardium infarct size and fibrosis significantly decreased, the values of lipid metabolism indexes and blood viscosity indexes significantly reduced in the HQ + DS treatment group vs HQ or DS single treatment (P < 0.05); the LVEDd, LVEDs, and the CSA values significantly reduced in HQ single and HQ + DS treatment groups vs MI group (P < 0.05); the coagulation index (APTT, PT, TT, and FIB) values decreased significantly in the DS single and HQ + DS treatment groups vs MI group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In MI rats, HQ and DS exhibited synergistic effects on improving cardiac function, reducing MI size, fibrosis, regulating hyperlipidaemia, and maintaining circulatory system homeostasis; HQ had the specific advantage of alleviating cardiac remodelling; DS had the specific advantage of regulating hypercoagulability. This study revealed that HQ and DS not only exerted synergistic effects but also exhibited complementary effects on CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin-Ying Chen
- Department of the Scientific Research Office, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chen Yang
- Department of Cardiology & Health Care, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
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Villa F, Bruno S, Costa A, Li M, Russo M, Cimino J, Altieri P, Ruggeri C, Gorgun C, De Biasio P, Paladini D, Coviello D, Quarto R, Ameri P, Ghigo A, Ravera S, Tasso R, Bollini S. The Human Fetal and Adult Stem Cell Secretome Can Exert Cardioprotective Paracrine Effects against Cardiotoxicity and Oxidative Stress from Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153729. [PMID: 34359631 PMCID: PMC8345068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (Dox), are an important class of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, their use is hampered by the risk of developing heart failure. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the cardioprotective effects exerted by a set of factors, collectively named secretomes, secreted by either adult or fetal human stem cells. Both secretome formulations were effective in counteracting Dox-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. In vivo experiments in a mouse model of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) indicated that early administration of both secretomes during Dox treatment exerted beneficial long-term effects, preserving cardiac function and body mass. These findings suggest that the stem cell secretome could represent a feasible option for future paracrine cardioprotective therapy against Dox-related cardiotoxicity during cancer treatment. Abstract Cardiovascular side effects are major shortcomings of cancer treatments causing cardiotoxicity and late-onset cardiomyopathy. While doxorubicin (Dox) has been reported as an effective chemotherapy agent, unspecific impairment in cardiomyocyte mitochondria activity has been documented. We demonstrated that the human fetal amniotic fluid-stem cell (hAFS) secretome, namely the secreted paracrine factors within the hAFS-conditioned medium (hAFS-CM), exerts pro-survival effects on Dox-exposed cardiomyocytes. Here, we provide a detailed comparison of the cardioprotective potential of hAFS-CM over the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue (hMSC-CM). hAFS and hMSC were preconditioned under hypoxia to enrich their secretome. The cardioprotective effects of hAFS/hMSC-CM were evaluated on murine neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) and on their fibroblast counterpart (mNVFib), and their long-term paracrine effects were investigated in a mouse model of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy. Both secretomes significantly contributed to preserving mitochondrial metabolism within Dox-injured cardiac cells. hAFS-CM and hMSC-CM inhibited body weight loss, improved myocardial function, reduced lipid peroxidation and counteracted the impairment of mitochondrial complex I activity, oxygen consumption, and ATP synthesis induced by Dox. The hAFS and hMSC secretomes can be exploited for inhibiting cardiotoxic detrimental side effects of Dox during cancer therapy, thus ensuring cardioprotection via combinatorial paracrine therapy in association with standard oncological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Villa
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Ambra Costa
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Mingchuan Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Michele Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - James Cimino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Paola Altieri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Clarissa Ruggeri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Cansu Gorgun
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pierangela De Biasio
- Unit of Prenatal Diagnosis and Perinatal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Dario Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Human Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Roberta Tasso
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-555-8394 (R.T.); +39-010-555-8257 (S.B.)
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-555-8394 (R.T.); +39-010-555-8257 (S.B.)
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Huang CC, Chen TH, Ho CH, Chen YC, Hsu CC, Lin HJ, Wang JJ, Chang CP, Guo HR. Increased Risk of Congestive Heart Failure Following Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 14:e007267. [PMID: 33866825 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) is an important public health issue around the world. It may increase the risk of myocardial injury, but the association between COP and congestive heart failure (CHF) remains unclear. We conducted a study incorporating data from epidemiological and animal studies to clarify this issue. METHODS Using the National Health Insurance Database of Taiwan, we identified patients with COP diagnosed between 1999 and 2012 and compared them with patients without COP (non-COP cohort) matched by age and the index date at a 1:3 ratio. The comparison for the risk of CHF between the COP and non-COP cohorts was made using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also established a rat model to evaluate cardiac function using echocardiography and studied the pathological changes following COP. RESULTS The 20 942 patients in the COP cohort had a higher risk for CHF than the 62 826 members in the non-COP cohort after adjusting for sex and underlying comorbidities (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.01 [95% CI, 1.74-2.32]). The increased risk of CHF persisted even after 2 years of follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.55-2.21]). In the animal model, COP led to a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction on echocardiography and damage to cardiac cells with remarkable fibrotic changes. CONCLUSIONS Our epidemiological data showed an increased risk of CHF was associated with COP, which was supported by the animal study. We suggest close follow-up of cardiac function for patients with COP to facilitate early intervention and further studies to identify other long-term effects that have not been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine (C.-C. Huang, C.-C. Hsu, H.-J.L.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-C. Huang, T.-H.C., H.-R.G.).,Department of Senior Services (C.-C. Huang), Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chen
- Department of Medical Research (T.-H.C., C.-H.H., Y.-C.C., J.-J.W., C.-P.C.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-C. Huang, T.-H.C., H.-R.G.)
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research (T.-H.C., C.-H.H., Y.-C.C., J.-J.W., C.-P.C.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.H.)
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Medical Research (T.-H.C., C.-H.H., Y.-C.C., J.-J.W., C.-P.C.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chin Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine (C.-C. Huang, C.-C. Hsu, H.-J.L.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology (C.-C. Hsu), Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan
| | - Hung-Jung Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine (C.-C. Huang, C.-C. Hsu, H.-J.L.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research (T.-H.C., C.-H.H., Y.-C.C., J.-J.W., C.-P.C.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Allied AI Biomed Center (J.-J.W.), Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research (T.-H.C., C.-H.H., Y.-C.C., J.-J.W., C.-P.C.), Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-C. Huang, T.-H.C., H.-R.G.).,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan (H.-R.G.).,Occupational Safety, Health and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan Taiwan (H.-R.G.)
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Ni J, Liu Y, Wang K, Wu M, Kang L, Sha D, Xu B, Gu R. Trophoblast Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes Improve Doxorubicin-Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Modulating the let-7i/YAP Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:948-956. [PMID: 33294288 PMCID: PMC7680701 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) have been confirmed to play a cardioprotective role in heart failure. However, whether TSC-derived exosomes (TSC-exos) can protect against cardiac injury remains unclear. In the present study, TSC-exos were isolated from the supernatant of TSCs using the ultracentrifugation method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. Utilizing the public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we found that let-7i and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) could participate in the development of heart failure. In vitro, AC16 cardiomyocytes subjected to doxorubicin (DOX) were treated with TSC-exos or let-7i mimic. Flow cytometry showed that TSC-exos and let-7i both decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In vivo, mice that were intraperitoneally injected into DOX received either PBS, TSC-exos, or AAV9-let7iup for let-7i overexpression. Mice receiving TSC-exos and AAV9-let7iup showed improved cardiac function and decreased inflammatory responses, accompanied by downregulated YAP signaling. Mechanistically, TSC-exos could transfer let-7i to cardiomyocytes and silence the YAP signaling pathway. In conclusion, TSC-exos could alleviate DOX-induced cardiac injury via the let-7i/YAP pathway, which sheds new light on the application of TSC-exos as a potential therapeutic tool for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China.,Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yihai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China
| | - Lina Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China
| | - Dujuan Sha
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China
| | - Rong Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008, P.R. China
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Thabassum Akhtar Iqbal S, Tirupathi Pichiah PB, Raja S, Arunachalam S. Paeonol Reverses Adriamycin Induced Cardiac Pathological Remodeling through Notch1 Signaling Reactivation in H9c2 Cells and Adult Zebrafish Heart. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:312-323. [PMID: 31307187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin is a commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic drug for a wide range of cancers. Adriamycin causes cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect that limits its clinical application in cancer treatment. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the toxicity it causes in heart cells. Disruption of inherent cardiac repair mechanism is the least understood mechanism of Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. Adriamycin induces pathological remodeling in cardiac cells by promoting apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. We found that Adriamycin inhibited Notch1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in H9c2 cells. We used Paeonol, a Notch1 activator, and analyzed the markers of apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in H9c2 cells in vitro and in adult zebrafish heart in vivo as model systems to study Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. Paeonol activated Notch1 signaling and expression of its downstream target genes effectively in the Adriamycin-treated condition in vitro and in vivo. Also we detected that Notch activation using Paeonol protected the cells from apoptosis, collagen deposition, and hypertrophy response using functional assays. We conclude that Adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity by promoting the pathological cardiac remodeling through inhibition of Notch1 signaling and that the Notch1 reactivation by Paeonol protected the cells and reversed the cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Thabassum Akhtar Iqbal
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology , Vellore Institute of Technology , Vellore , Tamilnadu PIN 632014 , India
| | | | - Sudhakaran Raja
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology , Vellore Institute of Technology , Vellore , Tamilnadu PIN 632014 , India
| | - Sankarganesh Arunachalam
- Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education , Krishnankoil , Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu PIN 626126 , India
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu YM, Yang XC, Chen YY, Wu GJ, He XH, Duan L, Dong Y, Ma RF. Uncovering the protective mechanism of Huoxue Anxin Recipe against coronary heart disease by network analysis and experimental validation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109655. [PMID: 31734577 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Huoxue Anxin Recipe (HAR) is a novel Chinese Herbal Medicine formula of that has been used to treat CHD for several decades. Our previous study found that HAR had anti-oxidative effects, and could promote myocardial angiogenesis and improve cardiac function following myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. However, the active compounds, potential targets, and biological processes related to HAR have not been systematically investigated. Here, network pharmacology and experimental validation were used to study the protective mechanisms of HAR against CHD. We identified 124 active components, 124 verified targets, and 111 predictive targets. A total of 1192 genes related to CHD were identified by cDNA microarray and database analysis. A total of 47 putative targets of HAR against CHD were identified, including 32 verified targets and 15 predictive targets. ClueGo enrichment analysis identified 49 biological processes involved in the anti-CHD effects of HAR. Among them, the negative regulation of blood coagulation and regulation of collagen biosynthetic process were experimentally validated. After constructing a protein-protein interaction network and clustering with MECODE and ClusterONE, 162 key proteins (from ClueGo and clustering) were used to construct an internal interaction network. Complement C3 (C3), Fibrinogen alpha (FGA), Fibrinogen gamma (FGG), interleukin-6 (IL6), and Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) were the top 5 hub proteins identified by cytoHubber analysis. HAR limited the concentrations of C3, FGA, FGG, and IL6 and increased APOA1 levels. The results indicated that HAR could down-regulate blood coagulation, regulate collagen biosynthesis, inhibit peroxidation and inflammation injury, and promote cholesterol efflux. HAR could be a potential source of novel and effective drugs for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Immunology Research Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiao-Chen Yang
- Department of Cardiology & Health Care, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yin-Ying Chen
- Department of Research Office, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Guang-Jun Wu
- Immunology Research Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xuan-Hui He
- Immunology Research Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ru-Feng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
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Exosome Treatment Enhances Anti-Inflammatory M2 Macrophages and Reduces Inflammation-Induced Pyroptosis in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101224. [PMID: 31600901 PMCID: PMC6830113 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective antineoplastic agent used to treat cancers, but its use is limited as Dox induces adverse cardiotoxic effects. Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) can lead to heart failure and death. There is no study that investigates whether embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes (ES-Exos) in DIC can attenuate inflammation-induced pyroptosis, pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, inflammatory cell signaling, and adverse cardiac remodeling. For this purpose, we transplanted ES-Exos and compared with ES-cells (ESCs) to examine pyroptosis, inflammation, cell signaling, adverse cardiac remodeling, and their influence on DIC induced cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, we used C57BL/6J mice ages 10 ± 2 weeks and divided them into four groups (n = 6–8/group): Control, Dox, Dox + ESCs, and Dox + ES-Exos. Our data shows that the Dox treatment significantly increased expression of inflammasome markers (TLR4 and NLRP3), pyroptotic markers (caspase-1, IL1-β, and IL-18), cell signaling proteins (MyD88, p-P38, and p-JNK), pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, and TNF-α cytokine. This increased pyroptosis, inflammation, and cell signaling proteins were inhibited with ES-Exos or ESCs. Moreover, ES-Exos or ESCs increased M2 macrophages and anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Additionally, ES-Exos or ESCs treatment inhibited significantly cytoplasmic vacuolization, myofibril loss, hypertrophy, and improved heart function. In conclusion, for the first time we demonstrated that Dox-induced pyroptosis and cardiac remodeling are ameliorated by ES-Exos or ESCs.
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11
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Tavakoli Dargani Z, Singla DK. Embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit doxorubicin-induced TLR4-NLRP3-mediated cell death-pyroptosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H460-H471. [PMID: 31172809 PMCID: PMC6732475 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00056.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac side effects are regulated through increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, it remains unknown whether Dox induces the specific inflammatory-mediated form of cell death called pyroptosis. The current study is undertaken to determine whether Dox induces pyroptosis in an in vitro model and to test the potential of exosomes derived from embryonic stem cells (ES-Exos) in inhibiting pyroptosis. H9c2 cells were exposed to Dox to generate pyroptosis and then subsequently treated with exosomes to investigate the protective effects of ES-Exos. Mouse embryonic fibroblast-exosomes (MEF-Exos) were used as a cell line control. We confirmed pyroptosis by analyzing the presence of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome that initiates pyroptosis, which was further confirmed with pyroptotic markers caspase-1, IL-1β, caspase-11, and gasdermin-D. The presence of inflammation was confirmed for proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, and IL-6. Our data show that Dox exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increases expression of TLR4, NLRP3, pyroptotic markers (caspase-1, IL-1β, caspase-11, and gasdermin-D), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in H9c2 cells. The increased expression of inflammasome, pyroptosis, and inflammation was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by ES-Exos. Interestingly, our cell line control, MEF-Exos, did not show any protective effects. Furthermore, our cytokine array data suggest increased anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-9, and IL-13) and decreased proinflammatory cytokines (Fas ligand, IL-12, and TNF-α) in ES-Exos, suggesting that anti-inflammatory cytokines might be mediating the protective effects of ES-Exos. In conclusion, our data show that Dox induces pyroptotic cell death in the H9c2 cell culture model and is attenuated via treatment with ES-Exos.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity is mediated through increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necrosis. We report for the first time as per the best of our knowledge that Dox initiates Toll-like receptor 4 and pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome formation and induces caspase-1-mediated inflammatory pyroptotic cell death in H9c2 cells. Moreover, we establish that inflammation and pyroptosis is inhibited by embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes that could be used as a future therapeutic option to treat Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakoli Dargani
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
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12
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Tocchetti CG, Cadeddu C, Di Lisi D, Femminò S, Madonna R, Mele D, Monte I, Novo G, Penna C, Pepe A, Spallarossa P, Varricchi G, Zito C, Pagliaro P, Mercuro G. From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Management of Antineoplastic Drug-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: A Translational Overview. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:2110-2153. [PMID: 28398124 PMCID: PMC6529857 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Antineoplastic therapies have significantly improved the prognosis of oncology patients. However, these treatments can bring to a higher incidence of side-effects, including the worrying cardiovascular toxicity (CTX). Recent Advances: Substantial evidence indicates multiple mechanisms of CTX, with redox mechanisms playing a key role. Recent data singled out mitochondria as key targets for antineoplastic drug-induced CTX; understanding the underlying mechanisms is, therefore, crucial for effective cardioprotection, without compromising the efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. Critical Issues: CTX can occur within a few days or many years after treatment. Type I CTX is associated with irreversible cardiac cell injury, and it is typically caused by anthracyclines and traditional chemotherapeutics. Type II CTX is generally caused by novel biologics and more targeted drugs, and it is associated with reversible myocardial dysfunction. Therefore, patients undergoing anti-cancer treatments should be closely monitored, and patients at risk of CTX should be identified before beginning treatment to reduce CTX-related morbidity. Future Directions: Genetic profiling of clinical risk factors and an integrated approach using molecular, imaging, and clinical data may allow the recognition of patients who are at a high risk of developing chemotherapy-related CTX, and it may suggest methodologies to limit damage in a wider range of patients. The involvement of redox mechanisms in cancer biology and anticancer treatments is a very active field of research. Further investigations will be necessary to uncover the hallmarks of cancer from a redox perspective and to develop more efficacious antineoplastic therapies that also spare the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Cadeddu
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Lisi
- 3 Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- 4 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- 5 Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,6 Department of Internal Medicine, The Texas Heart Institute and Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Donato Mele
- 7 Cardiology Unit, Emergency Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ines Monte
- 8 Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgery Specialities, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Novo
- 3 Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- 4 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Pepe
- 9 U.O.C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio C.N.R., Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Spallarossa
- 10 Clinic of Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS San Martino IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- 1 Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,11 Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) - Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Zito
- 12 Division of Cardiology, Clinical and Experimental Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Policlinico "G. Martino" University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- 4 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mercuro
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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13
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Chen Z, Su X, Shen Y, Jin Y, Luo T, Kim IM, Weintraub NL, Tang Y. MiR322 mediates cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury via FBXW7/notch pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:67-74. [PMID: 31150734 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) causes loss of cardiomyocytes via oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. miR322, orthologous to human miR-424, was identified as an ischemia-induced angiogenic miRNA, but its cellular source and function in the setting of acute MI/R remains largely unknown. Using LacZ-tagged miR322 cluster reporter mice, we observed that vascular endothelial cells are the major cellular source of the miR322 cluster in adult hearts. Moreover, miR322 levels were significantly reduced in the heart at 24 h after MI/R injury. Intramyocardial injection of mimic-miR322 significantly diminished cardiac apoptosis (as determined by expression levels of active caspase 3 by Western blot analysis and immunostaining for TUNEL) and reduced infarct size by about 40%, in association with reduced FBXW7 and increased active Notch 1 levels in the ischemic hearts. FBXW7, which is an ubiquitin ligase that is crucial for activated Notch1 turnover, was identified as a direct target of miR322 via FBXW7 3'UTR reporter assay. Co-injection of FBXW7 plasmid with mimic-miR322 in ischemic hearts abolished the effect of mimic-miR322 to reduce apoptosis and infarct size in MI/R hearts. These data identify FBXW7 as a direct target of miR322 and suggest that miR322 could have potential therapeutic application for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Chen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xuan Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yue Jin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tong Luo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Il-Man Kim
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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14
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Desai VG, Lee T, Moland CL, Vijay V, Han T, Lewis SM, Herman EH, Fuscoe JC. Candidate early predictive plasma protein markers of doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiotoxicity in B6C3F 1 mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 363:164-173. [PMID: 30517846 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a serious adverse effect of doxorubicin (DOX) treatment in cancer patients. Currently, there is a lack of sensitive biomarkers to predict the risk of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Using SOMAmer-based proteomic technology, 1129 proteins were profiled to identify potential early biomarkers of cardiotoxicity in plasma from male B6C3F1 mice given a weekly intravenous dose of 3 mg/kg DOX or saline (SAL) for 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8 weeks (6, 9, 12, 18, or 24 mg/kg cumulative DOX doses, respectively). Also, a group of mice received the cardio-protectant, dexrazoxane (DXZ; 60 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) 30 min before a weekly DOX or SAL dose. Proteomic analysis in plasma collected a week after the last dose showed a significant ≥1.2-fold change in level of 18 proteins in DOX-treated mice compared to SAL-treated counterparts during 8-week exposure. Of these, neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), mitochondrial glutamate carrier 2, Wnt inhibitory factor 1, legumain, and mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 were increased in plasma at 6 mg/kg cumulative DOX dose, prior to the release of myocardial injury marker, cardiac troponin I at 12 mg/kg and higher cumulative doses. These six proteins also remained significantly elevated following myocardial injury or pathology at 24 mg/kg. Pretreatment of mice with DXZ significantly attenuated DOX-induced elevated levels of only NOTCH1 and vWF with mitigation of cardiotoxicity. This suggests NOTCH1 and vWF as candidate early biomarkers of DOX cardiotoxicity, which may help in addressing a clinically important question of identifying cancer patients at risk for cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha G Desai
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Personalized Medicine Branch, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.
| | - Taewon Lee
- Division of Applied Mathematical Sciences, Korea University, Sejong Campus, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Carrie L Moland
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Personalized Medicine Branch, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Vikrant Vijay
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Personalized Medicine Branch, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Personalized Medicine Branch, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Sherry M Lewis
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Eugene H Herman
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, The National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850-9734, United States
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Personalized Medicine Branch, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
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15
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Johnson TA, Singla DK. PTEN inhibitor VO-OHpic attenuates inflammatory M1 macrophages and cardiac remodeling in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1236-H1249. [PMID: 30095997 PMCID: PMC6297808 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00121.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Doxo) is an effective agent commonly used in cancer therapeutics. Unfortunately, Doxo treatment can stimulate cardiomyopathy and subsequent heart failure, limiting the use of this drug. The role of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in apoptosis has been documented in Doxo-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) and heart failure models. However, whether direct inhibition of PTEN attenuates apoptosis, cardiac remodeling, and inflammatory M1 macrophages in the DIC model remains elusive. Therefore, the present study was designed to understand the effects of VO-OHpic (VO), a potent inhibitor of PTEN, in reducing apoptosis and cardiac remodeling. At day 56, echocardiography was performed, which showed that VO treatment significantly ( P < 0.05) improved heart function. Immunohistochemistry, TUNEL, and histological staining were used to determine apoptosis, proinflammatory M1 macrophages, anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, and cardiac remodeling. Our data show a significant increase in apoptosis, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and proinflammatory M1 macrophages with Doxo treatment, whereas VO treatment significantly reduced apoptosis, adverse cardiac remodeling, and proinflammatory M1 macrophages significantly ( P < 0.05) compared with the Doxo-treated group. Western blot analysis confirmed the reduction of phosphorylated PTEN and increase in phosphorylated AKT protein expression in the Doxo + VO-treated group. Moreover, VO administration increased anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Collectively, our data suggest that VO treatment attenuates apoptosis and adverse cardiac remodeling, a process that is mediated through the PTEN/AKT pathway, resulting in improved heart function in DIC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) is still a major issue in patients with cancer. These novel findings on the phosphatase and tensin homolog inhibitor VO-OHpic in DIC is the first report, as per the best of our knowledge, that VO-OHpic significantly decreases apoptosis, fibrosis, hypertrophy, adverse cardiac remodeling, and proinflammatory M1 macrophages and increases anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages along with significantly improved cardiac function. VO-OHpic could be a future therapeutic agent for patients with DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Johnson
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida
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16
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Zhao Q, Huang J, Wang D, Chen L, Sun D, Zhao C. Endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression improves cardiac dysfunction by promoting angiogenesis via Jagged1/Notch1 signaling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 123:118-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Zhang Y, Peng B, Han Y. MiR-182 alleviates the development of cyanotic congenital heart disease by suppressing HES1. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 836:18-24. [PMID: 30107165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs have been pointed to play critical roles in the protection and development of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). MiR-182 is found to be associated with multiple heart diseases. However, little is known about the function and underlying mechanisms of miR-182 on cyanotic CHD. Here, H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia to construct the model of cyanotic CHD in vitro. qRT-PCR assay revealed that miR-182 expression was downregulated in serum samples from patients with cyanotic CHD and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function demonstrated that miR-182 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in hypoxia-induced H9c2 cells, while miR-182 knockdown repressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that HES1 was a direct target of miR-182, and miR-182 repressed HES1 expression by binding to its 3'-UTR. Moreover, miR-182-mediated regulatory effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis was reversed by the restoration of HES1 expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-182 exerted protection effect through suppressing HES1 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes, highlighting its role as a potential therapeutic strategy for cyanotic CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Children's Heart Center, Henan Province People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Bangtian Peng
- Department of Children's Heart Center, Henan Province People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Children's Heart Center, Henan Province People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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18
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Fuxin decoction attenuates doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats via oxidizing suppression and regulating immune responses. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30890-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology and Cardiomyocyte Generation: Progress and Clinical Applications. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060048. [PMID: 29799480 PMCID: PMC6025241 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are reprogrammed cells that have hallmarks similar to embryonic stem cells including the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation into cardiac myocytes. The improvements in reprogramming and differentiating methods achieved in the past 10 years widened the use of hiPSCs, especially in cardiac research. hiPSC-derived cardiac myocytes (CMs) recapitulate phenotypic differences caused by genetic variations, making them attractive human disease models and useful tools for drug discovery and toxicology testing. In addition, hiPSCs can be used as sources of cells for cardiac regeneration in animal models. Here, we review the advances in the genetic and epigenetic control of cardiomyogenesis that underlies the significant improvement of the induced reprogramming of somatic cells to CMs; the methods used to improve scalability of throughput assays for functional screening and drug testing in vitro; the phenotypic characteristics of hiPSCs-derived CMs and their ability to rescue injured CMs through paracrine effects; we also cover the novel approaches in tissue engineering for hiPSC-derived cardiac tissue generation, and finally, their immunological features and the potential use in biomedical applications.
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20
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 overexpression protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by multiple mechanisms in rats. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24548-24563. [PMID: 28445944 PMCID: PMC5421869 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is considered a potential therapeutic target of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to explore the effects of ACE2 overexpression on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Rats were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. The rats of treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with 6 doses of doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg) within a period of two weeks. Two weeks after the initial injection of doxorubicin, these rats were randomly divided into Mock, Ad-EGFP, Ad-ACE2, and Cilazapril groups. The rats of Ad-EGFP and Ad-ACE2 groups received intramyocardial injection of Ad-EGFP and Ad-ACE2, respectively. The rats of Cilazapril group received cilazapril (10 mg/kg/day) via intragastric intubation. Apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiac function, the extent of myocardial fibrosis, and levels of ACE2, ACE, angiotensin II (AngII), and angiotensin (1–7) were evaluated. Four weeks after ACE2 gene transfer, the Ad-ACE2 group showed not only reduced apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, left ventricular (LV) volume, extent of myocardial fibrosis and mortality of rats, but also increased LV ejection fraction and ACE2 expression level compared with the Mock and Ad-EGFP groups. ACE2 overexpression was superior to cilazapril in improving doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. The putative mechanisms may involve activation of the AMPK and PI3K-AKT pathways, inhibition of the ERK pathway, decrease of TGF-β1 expression, and interactions of shifting RAS components, such as decreased myocardium AngII levels, increased myocardium Ang (1–7) levels, and reduced ACE expression. Thus, ACE2 may be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent and treat doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
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21
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Ni J, Sun Y, Liu Z. The Potential of Stem Cells and Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Treating Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2018. [PMID: 29525884 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-018-9799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the cardiac protective mechanisms of stem cells have become a research focus. Increasing evidence has suggested that stem cells release vesicles, including exosomes and micro-vesicles. The content of these vesicles relies on an extracellular stimulus, and active ingredients are extensively being studied. Previous studies have confirmed that stem cell-derived exosomes have a cardiac protective function similar to that of stem cells, and promote angiogenesis, decrease apoptosis, and respond to stress. Compared to stem cells, exosomes are more stable without aneuploidy and immune rejection, and may be a promising and effective therapy for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of stem cells and stem cell-derived exosomes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Heart, Lung, and Blood Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Heart, Lung, and Blood Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China. .,Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Heart, Lung, and Blood Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Rizzo P, Bollini S, Bertero E, Ferrari R, Ameri P. Beyond cardiomyocyte loss: Role of Notch in cardiac aging. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5670-5683. [PMID: 29271542 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the cellular events occurring in the aging heart has dramatically expanded in the last decade and is expected to further grow in years to come. It is now clear that impaired function and loss of cardiomyocytes are major features of cardiac aging, but other events are likewise important. In particular, accumulating experimental evidence highlights the importance of fibroblast and cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) dysfunction. The Notch pathway regulates cardiomyocyte, fibroblast, and CPC activity and, thus, may be critically involved in heart disease associated with advanced age, especially heart failure. In a translational perspective, thorough investigation of the Notch system in the aging myocardium may lead to the identification of molecular targets for novel therapies for age-related cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, University of Genova and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS per Oncologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, University of Genova and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS per Oncologia, Genova, Italy
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23
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Silva dos Santos D, Brasil GV, Ramos IPR, Mesquita FCP, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Christie MLA, Cahli GM, Barbosa RAQ, da Cunha ST, Pereira JX, Medei E, Campos de Carvalho AC, Carvalho AB, Goldenberg RCDS. Embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for the treatment of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:30. [PMID: 29402309 PMCID: PMC5799903 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox) is a chemotherapy drug with limited application due to cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. This study aims to evaluate the role of cardiomyocytes derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (CM-mESCs) in the treatment of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) in mice. METHODS The mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) line E14TG2A was characterized by karyotype analysis, gene expression using RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Cells were transduced with luciferase 2 and submitted to cardiac differentiation. Total conditioned medium (TCM) from the CM-mESCs was collected for proteomic analysis. To establish DIC in CD1 mice, Dox (7.5 mg/kg) was administered once a week for 3 weeks, resulting in a cumulative Dox dose of 22.5 mg/kg. At the fourth week, a group of animals was injected intramyocardially with CM-mESCs (8 × 105 cells). Cells were tracked by a bioluminescence assay, and the body weight, echocardiogram, electrocardiogram and number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes were evaluated. RESULTS mESCs exhibited a normal karyotype and expressed pluripotent markers. Proteomic analysis of TCM showed proteins related to the negative regulation of cell death. CM-mESCs presented ventricular action potential characteristics. Mice that received Dox developed heart failure and showed significant differences in body weight, ejection fraction (EF), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), heart rate and QT and corrected QT (QTc) intervals when compared to the control group. After cell or placebo injection, the Dox + CM-mESC group showed significant increases in EF and SV when compared to the Dox + placebo group. Reduction in ESV and QT and QTc intervals in Dox + CM-mESC-treated mice was observed at 5 or 30 days after cell treatment. Cells were detected up to 11 days after injection. The Dox + CM-mESC group showed a significant reduction in the percentage of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the hearts of mice when compared to the Dox + placebo group. CONCLUSIONS CM-mESC transplantation improves cardiac function in mice with DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danúbia Silva dos Santos
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Guilherme Visconde Brasil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Isalira Peroba Rezende Ramos
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cristina Paccola Mesquita
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Tais Hanae Kasai-Brunswick
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Michelle Lopes Araújo Christie
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Monnerat Cahli
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Raiana Andrade Quintanilha Barbosa
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Sandro Torrentes da Cunha
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Jonathas Xavier Pereira
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Departamento de Patologia—Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universiade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Sub-solo, SAP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21910-590 Brazil
| | - Emiliano Medei
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Adriana Bastos Carvalho
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Regina Coeli dos Santos Goldenberg
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Bloco G—Sala G2-053, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- 0000 0001 2294 473Xgrid.8536.8Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco M, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902 Brazil
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24
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Automated Segmentation of Light-Sheet Fluorescent Imaging to Characterize Experimental Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Injury and Repair. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8603. [PMID: 28819303 PMCID: PMC5561066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to develop an automated segmentation approach based on histogram analysis of raw axial images acquired by light-sheet fluorescent imaging (LSFI) to establish rapid reconstruction of the 3-D zebrafish cardiac architecture in response to doxorubicin-induced injury and repair. Input images underwent a 4-step automated image segmentation process consisting of stationary noise removal, histogram equalization, adaptive thresholding, and image fusion followed by 3-D reconstruction. We applied this method to 3-month old zebrafish injected intraperitoneally with doxorubicin followed by LSFI at 3, 30, and 60 days post-injection. We observed an initial decrease in myocardial and endocardial cavity volumes at day 3, followed by ventricular remodeling at day 30, and recovery at day 60 (P < 0.05, n = 7-19). Doxorubicin-injected fish developed ventricular diastolic dysfunction and worsening global cardiac function evidenced by elevated E/A ratios and myocardial performance indexes quantified by pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound at day 30, followed by normalization at day 60 (P < 0.05, n = 9-20). Treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT, to inhibit cleavage and release of Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD) blocked cardiac architectural regeneration and restoration of ventricular function at day 60 (P < 0.05, n = 6-14). Our approach provides a high-throughput model with translational implications for drug discovery and genetic modifiers of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy.
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25
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Deidda M, Madonna R, Mango R, Pagliaro P, Bassareo PP, Cugusi L, Romano S, Penco M, Romeo F, Mercuro G. Novel insights in pathophysiology of antiblastic drugs-induced cardiotoxicity and cardioprotection. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 17 Suppl 1 Special issue on Cardiotoxicity from Antiblastic Drugs and Cardioprotection:e76-e83. [PMID: 27755245 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in supportive and protective therapy for myocardial function, heart failure caused by various clinical conditions, including cardiomyopathy due to antineoplastic therapy, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Because of the limitations associated with current therapies, investigators have been searching for alternative treatments that can effectively repair the damaged heart and permanently restore its function. Damage to the heart can result from both traditional chemotherapeutic agents, such as anthracyclines, and new targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab. Because of this unresolved issue, investigators are searching for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this article, we present state-of-the-art technology with regard to the genomic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying cardiotoxicity and cardioprotection, the role of anticancer in influencing the redox (reduction/oxidation) balance and the function of stem cells in the repair/regeneration of the adult heart. These findings, although not immediately transferable to clinical applications, form the basis for the development of personalized medicine based on the prevention of cardiotoxicity with the use of genetic testing. Proteomics, metabolomics and investigations on reactive oxygen species-dependent pathways, particularly those that interact with the production of NO and energy metabolism, appear to be promising for the identification of early markers of cardiotoxicity and for the development of cardioprotective agents. Finally, autologous cardiac stem and progenitor cells may represent future contributions in the field of myocardial protection and recovery in the context of antiblastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Deidda
- aDepartment of Medical Sciences 'M. Aresu', University of Cagliari, Cagliari bInstitute of Cardiology, Center of Excellence on Aging, 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti cDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome dDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano eDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environment Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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26
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Abstract
Cell therapies have been explored as a potential treatment avenue to treat heart diseases, such as myocardial infarction, doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Embryonic and adult stem cells (ASCs) have been examined in animal and clinical settings. Unlike embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, ASCs do not pose a threat to form teratomas, nor do they have immune system concerns, making them ideal for therapeutic use in humans. In this review, we will investigate different characteristics and sources of adult stem cells and progenitor cells, as well as determine their efficacy in cell transplantation in experimental and clinical trials. In addition, we will propose other research avenues that may promote further understanding and use of ASCs in therapeutic designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Johnson
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Dr., Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Dr., Orlando, FL, USA.
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27
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Pei H, Du J, Song X, He L, Zhang Y, Li X, Qiu C, Zhang Y, Hou J, Feng J, Gao E, Li D, Yang Y. Melatonin prevents adverse myocardial infarction remodeling via Notch1/Mfn2 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:408-417. [PMID: 27387769 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked with myocardial infarction (MI), a disorder in which Notch1 has attracted increasing attention. However, the involvement of Notch1 in mitochondrial impairment after an MI is poorly understood, as is the role of mitochondrial fusion-associated protein 2 (Mfn2). Moreover, whether melatonin potentiates the Notch1/Mfn2 pathway in post-MI cardiac damage remains unclear. In our study, small interfering RNAs against Notch1 or Mfn2 and Jagged1 peptide were delivered via intramyocardial injection. At 3 days after these treatments, MI was induced by ligation of the anterior descending branch. We found that this ablation of Notch1 or Mfn2 aggravated post-MI injury, including worsened mitochondrial damage and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, Jagged1 improved mitochondrial structure and function, decreased ROS production and attenuated post-MI injury. Interestingly, though Mfn2 expression was mildly regulated by Notch1 signaling in myocardium, Mfn2 deficiency nearly eliminated the cardioprotection by Jagged1, as evidenced by suppressed cardiac function, aggravated myocardial fibrosis, increased cell apoptosis, worsened mitochondrial impairment and enhanced oxidative stress. These observations revealed that Mfn2 plays an indispensable role in protection against MI-induced injury by Notch1. The mechanism might involve disrupting a damaging cycle of mitochondrial damage and ROS generation. Furthermore, melatonin activated Notch1 signaling and increased Mfn2 expression were reversed by luzindole, a nonselective antagonist of the melatonin receptor. Notably, melatonin attenuated post-MI injury in normal mice, but not in mice deficient in Notch1 or Mfn2. These results demonstrate that melatonin attenuates post-MI injury via the Notch1/Mfn2 pathway in a receptor-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiuchuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Juanni Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - De Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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28
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The human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome effectively counteracts doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29994. [PMID: 27444332 PMCID: PMC4956770 DOI: 10.1038/srep29994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in oncology, but it may cause a cardiomyopathy with bleak prognosis that cannot be effectively prevented. The secretome of human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFS) has previously been demonstrated to significantly reduce ischemic cardiac damage. Here it is shown that, following hypoxic preconditioning, hAFS conditioned medium (hAFS-CM) antagonizes senescence and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and cardiac progenitor cells, two major features of Dox cardiotoxicity. Mechanistic studies with mouse neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) reveal that hAFS-CM inhibition of Dox-elicited senescence and apoptosis is associated with decreased DNA damage, nuclear translocation of NF-kB, and upregulation of the NF-kB controlled genes, Il6 and Cxcl1, promoting mNVCM survival. Furthermore, hAFS-CM induces expression of the efflux transporter, Abcb1b, and Dox extrusion from mNVCM. The PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, upstream of NF-kB, is potently activated by hAFS-CM and pre-treatment with a PI3K inhibitor abrogates NF-kB accumulation into the nucleus, modulation of Il6, Cxcl1 and Abcb1b, and prevention of Dox-initiated senescence and apoptosis in response to hAFS-CM. These results support the concept that hAFS are a valuable source of cardioprotective factors and lay the foundations for the development of a stem cell-based paracrine treatment of chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity.
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29
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Ji P, Yu L, Guo WC, Mei HJ, Wang XJ, Chen H, Fang S, Yang J. Doxorubicin Inhibits Proliferation of Osteosarcoma Cells Through Upregulation of the Notch Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2016; 22:185-191. [PMID: 26351207 PMCID: PMC7838446 DOI: 10.3727/096504015x14343704124340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin plays a major role in the treatment of osteosarcoma disorders. The Notch signaling pathway exerts various biological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of different doses of doxorubicin on proliferation and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells with or without Notch signaling. Results found that cellular viability was downregulated while caspase 3 activity and expression were promoted in osteosarcoma cells following treatment with various doses of doxorubicin for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the effects showed a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it was found that various doses of doxorubicin activated the Notch signaling pathway, shown by the elevated expression of Notch target genes NOTCH1, HEY1, HES1, AND HES5. It was further proved that, after small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Notch, the effects of doxorubicin on the viability and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells were significantly reduced. It was indicated that doxorubicin treatment reduced the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, and this effect was mediated by the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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30
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Madonna R, Cadeddu C, Deidda M, Mele D, Monte I, Novo G, Pagliaro P, Pepe A, Spallarossa P, Tocchetti CG, Zito C, Mercuro G. Improving the preclinical models for the study of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: a Position Paper of the Italian Working Group on Drug Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection. Heart Fail Rev 2016; 20:621-31. [PMID: 26168714 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-015-9497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Although treatment for heart failure induced by cancer therapy has improved in recent years, the prevalence of cardiomyopathy due to antineoplastic therapy remains significant worldwide. In addition to traditional mediators of myocardial damage, such as reactive oxygen species, new pathways and target cells should be considered responsible for the impairment of cardiac function during anticancer treatment. Accordingly, there is a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to protect the heart from pharmacologic injury, and improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients. The development of novel protective therapies requires testing putative therapeutic strategies in appropriate animal models of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy. This Position Paper of the Working Group on Drug Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection of the Italian Society of Cardiology aims to: (1) define the distinctive etiopatogenetic features of cardiac toxicity induced by cancer therapy in humans, which include new aspects of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, neuregulin-1 modulation through the ErbB receptor family, angiogenesis inhibition, and cardiac stem cell depletion and/or dysfunction; (2) review the new, more promising therapeutic strategies for cardioprotection, aimed to increase the survival of patients with severe antineoplastic-induced cardiotoxicity; (3) recommend the distinctive pathological features of cardiotoxicity induced by cancer therapy in humans that should be present in animal models used to identify or to test new cardioprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Excellence on Aging, Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University - Chieti, Chieti, Italy,
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31
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Ma S, Li X, Dong L, Zhu J, Zhang H, Jia Y. Protective effect of Sheng-Mai Yin, a traditional Chinese preparation, against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:61. [PMID: 26865364 PMCID: PMC4750239 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Sheng-Mai Yin (SMY), a modern Chinese formula based on Traditional Chinese Medicine theory, has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases in Eastern Asia. Our study focuses on the cardioprotection of SMY against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac toxicity in vivo. Methods Rats were injected with DOX (2.5 mg/kg) in six injections over a 2-week period. SMY was administrated intragastrically at the dose of 8.35, 16.7 and 33.4 g/kg, or 16.7 g/kg only twice a day concurrently with DOX for the 2-weeks. A series of assays were performed to detect the effects of SMY on: (i) heart weight index (HWI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI); (ii) cardiac function; (iii) heart tissue morphology; (iv) the contents of carboxy terminal propeptide of procollagen typeI (PICP), amino terminal propeptide of procollagen type III (PШNP), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interferon gamma (INF-γ) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) by ELISA; (v) the mRNA levels of TGF-β1 and toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2); and (vi) protein level of TGF-β1. Results Rats treated with SMY displayed the reductions of BNP and CK-MB increased by DOX in a dose-dependent manner. Moderate dose of SMY exhibited the correction for the increased HWI, LVMI, and the injured cardiac function, as well as the collagen accumulation. In addition, cardioprotection of SMY against DOX-induced cardiac toxicity was demonstrated by the reduction of myocardial fibrosis, characterized by the suppression of PICP, PШNP and TGF-β1, as well as the anti-inflammation and the regulation for cardiac immune microenvironment, characterized by the inhibition of TLR2, MCP-1, INF-γ and IL-6. Conclusions SMY may protect heart function through the restriction of myocardial fibrosis induced by DOX, which suggests the potentially therapeutic effect of SMY on DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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32
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Yang R, Yi L, Dong Z, Ouyang Q, Zhou J, Pang Y, Wu Y, Xu L, Cui H. Tigecycline Inhibits Glioma Growth by Regulating miRNA-199b-5p–HES1–AKT Pathway. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:421-9. [PMID: 26823491 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. Department of Neurosurgery, Second Artillery General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lunshan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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33
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Abdelli LS, Singla DK. A CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve) stem cell population isolated from the mouse heart. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:101-9. [PMID: 25920449 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac cell regeneration from endogenous cardiac stem cells (CSCs) following MI is rather low. Therefore, identifying mechanisms to boost endogenous CSC activation and participation in cardiac repair appears to be the most promising strategy for MI patients. We previously engineered tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) overexpressing embryonic stem (ES-TIMP-1) cells and transplanted them into the infarcted murine heart. Collected data demonstrated that TIMP-1 enhanced transplanted ES cell engraftment, survival and differentiation into cardiac myocytes post-transplantation. Therefore, we postulated that there may be a new stem cell population present in the heart that is regulated by extracellular protein TIMP-1. Furthermore, we hypothesized that this cell population has a potential for cell proliferation and differentiation into cardiac cell types. Therefore, we isolated CSCs from 4 weeks old C57BL/6 mice and cultured them in vitro in presence of ESCM, ES-TIMP-1-CM or TIMP-1. Our immunostaining data demonstrated the existence of a novel CSC subpopulation, CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve). When treated with TIMP-1, these cells showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased proliferation rates compared to control cells, enhanced TIMP-1 receptor (CD63), along with improved expression of phospho and total β-catenin proteins as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Next, we demonstrate significantly (p < 0.05) improved cardiac myocyte, vascular smooth muscle cell, and endothelial cell differentiation. Furthermore, our RT-PCR data shows increase in cardiac gene (GATA-4, Mef2C, and Nkx-2.5) expression when compared to ESCM and control cells. Collectively, these data, for the first time, establish the existence of a new CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve) CSC subpopulation that has a significant potential for proliferation and differentiation into cardiac cell types once stimulated with TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa S Abdelli
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Biomolecular Science Center, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Building #20; Room # 320A, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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Chen S, Wu S, Li W, Chen X, Dong X, Tan G, Zhang H, Hong Z, Zhu Z, Chai Y. Investigation of the therapeutic effectiveness of active components in Sini decoction by a comprehensive GC/LC-MS based metabolomics and network pharmacology approaches. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:3310-21. [PMID: 25315049 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As a classical formula, Sini decoction (SND) has been fully proved to be clinically effective in treating doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy. Current chemomics and pharmacology proved that the total alkaloids (TA), total gingerols (TG), total flavones and total saponins (TFS) are the major active ingredients of Aconitum carmichaelii, Zingiber officinale and Glycyrrhiza uralensis in SND respectively. Our animal experiments in this study demonstrated that the above active ingredients (TAGFS) were more effective than formulas formed by any one or two of the three individual components and nearly the same as SND. However, very little is known about the action mechanisms of TAGFS. Thus, this study aimed to use for the first time the combination of GC/LC-MS based metabolomics and network pharmacology for solving this problem. By metabolomics, it was found that TAGFS worked by regulating six primary pathways. Then, network pharmacology was applied to search for specific targets. 17 potential cardiovascular related targets were found through molecular docking, 11 of which were identified by references, which demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of TAGFS using network pharmacology. Among these targets, four targets, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma, insulin receptor, ornithine aminotransferase and glucokinase, were involved in the TAGFS regulated pathways. Moreover, phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma, insulin receptor and glucokinase were proved to be targets of active components in SND. In addition, our data indicated TA as the principal ingredient in the SND formula, whereas TG and TFS served as adjuvant ingredients. We therefore suggest that dissecting the mode of action of clinically effective formulae with the combination use of metabolomics and network pharmacology may be a good strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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