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Popovics P, Silver SV, Uchtmann KS, Arendt LM, Vezina CM, Ricke WA. CCR2 + monocytes/macrophages drive steroid hormone imbalance-related prostatic fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15736. [PMID: 38977751 PMCID: PMC11231243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a complex condition leading to Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in aging men, characterized by cellular proliferation, smooth muscle dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis. While BPH is known to involve heightened macrophage infiltration, the specific contribution of infiltrating monocytes/macrophages to the disease mechanism remains uncertain. This research explores the impact of reducing circulating monocytes and subsequently limiting their tissue infiltration by using Ccr2 knockout (Ccr2-KO) mice. Ccr2-KO and wild type mice were implanted with testosterone and estradiol (T + E2, 25 mg + 2.5 mg) pellets. Urinary function was assessed via weekly void spot assays over 12 weeks, and prostatic macrophage levels were visualized and quantified in tissue sections using an F4/80 antibody. Additionally, Ki-67 staining was used to evaluate cell proliferation, and picrosirius red staining to assess collagen accumulation. Increased voiding frequency which developed in T + E2 mice, was significantly ameliorated in Ccr2-KO mice, however, both Ccr2-KO and wild type (WT) mice showed increased bladder weights after three month, representing a hypertrophic response to bladder outlet obstruction. T + E2 substantially increased the density of macrophages in WT but not Ccr2-KO mouse prostate. Proliferation rate, as indicated by Ki-67 positivity, was elevated in the vental and anterior prostate lobes but was only marginally reduced in Ccr2-KO mice. Most importantly, a significant prostatic collagen accumulation was observed in WT mice that was markedly reduced by Ccr2 deficiency post T + E2 treatment. The absence of Ccr2 mitigates urinary dysfunction and alters prostatic macrophage levels and collagen accumulation in steroid hormone imbalance. These findings suggest a crucial role for monocyte infiltration, giving rise to macrophages or other cell derivatives, to drive fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Popovics
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
- The Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Samara V Silver
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA
- The Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
| | - Kristen S Uchtmann
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lisa M Arendt
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chad M Vezina
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - William A Ricke
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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Rago V, Conforti F, La Russa D, Antonucci G, Urlandini L, Lofaro D, Bossio S, Mandalà M, Pellegrino D, Aversa A, Di Agostino S, Perri A. The Effects of Caloric Restriction on Inflammatory Targets in the Prostates of Aged Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5236. [PMID: 38791274 PMCID: PMC11120753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous animal models have demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) is an excellent tool to delay aging and increase the quality of life, likely because it counteracts age-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The aging process can affect the prostate in three ways: the onset of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, and prostate cancer. In this study, we used 14 aged male Sprague Dawley rats, which were allocated into two groups, at the age of 18 months old. One group was fed ad libitum (a normal diet (ND)), and the other group followed a caloric restriction diet with a 60% decrease in intake. The rats were sacrificed at the age of 24 months. By immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot (WB) analyses, we studied the variations between the two groups in immune inflammation and fibrosis-related markers in aged prostate tissues. Morphological examinations showed lower levels of prostatic hyperplasia and fibrosis in the CR rats vs. the ND rats. The IHC results revealed that the prostates of the CR rats exhibited a lower immune proinflammatory infiltrate level and a reduced expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, together with significantly reduced expressions of mesenchymal markers and the profibrotic factor TGFβ1. Finally, by WB analysis, we observed a reduced expression of ERα, which is notoriously implicated in prostate stromal proliferation, and increased expressions of SOD1 and Hsp70, both exerting protective effects against oxidative stress. Overall, these data suggest that CR brings potential benefits to prostatic tissues as it reduces the physiological immune-inflammatory processes and the tissue remodeling caused by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (V.R.); (L.U.)
| | | | - Daniele La Russa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Gemma Antonucci
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Lidia Urlandini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (V.R.); (L.U.)
| | - Danilo Lofaro
- de-Health Lab, Department of Mechanical, Energy, Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Bossio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Maurizio Mandalà
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
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Dong X, Sun Q, Geng J, Liu X, Wei Q. Fiber Flexibility Reconciles Matrix Recruitment and the Fiber Modulus to Promote Cell Mechanosensing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4029-4037. [PMID: 38526438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix is pervasive in biological systems. On fibrous substrates, cells possess the ability to recruit neighboring fibers, thereby augmenting their own adhesion and facilitating the generation of mechanical cues. However, the matrices with high moduli impede fiber recruitment, restricting the cell mechanoresponse. Herein, by harnessing the inherent swelling properties of gelatin, the flexible gelatin methacryloyl network empowers cells to recruit fibers spanning a broad spectrum of physiological moduli during adhesion. The high flexibility concurrently facilitates the optimization of fiber distribution, deformability, and modulus, contributing to the promotion of cell mechanosensing. Consequently, the randomly distributed flexible fibers with high moduli maximize the cell adhesive forces. This study uncovers the impact of fiber recruitment on cell mechanosensing and introduces fiber flexibility as a previously unexplored property, offering an innovative perspective for the design and development of novel biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Geng
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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Liu J, Zhou W, Yang L, Li Y, Qiu J, Fu X, Ren P, Guo F, Zhou Y, Liu J, Chen P, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. STEAP4 modulates cell proliferation and oxidative stress in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110933. [PMID: 37866665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a quite common chronic disease plagued elderly men and its etiology remains unclear. It was reported that the six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (STEAP4) could modulate cell proliferation/apoptosis ratio and oxidative stress in cancers. Our current study aimed to explore the expression, biological function, and underlying mechanism of STEAP4 in BPH progress. Human prostate tissues and cell lines were utilized. qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were employed. STEAP4 knockdown (STEAP4-KD) or STEAP4 overexpression (STEAP4-OE) cell models were established. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. Apoptosis-related proteins and antioxidant enzymes were identified by Western Blot. In addition, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and fibrosis biomarker (collagen I and α-SMA) were analyzed. It was indicated that STEAP4 was mainly located in the prostate epithelium and upregulated in BPH tissues. STEAP4 deficiency induced apoptosis and inhibited cell survival, but had no effect on the cell cycle, fibrosis, and EMT process. In addition, ROS changes were observed in the STEAP4-KD model. Consistently, overproduction of STEAP4 suppressed apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation, as well as facilitated ROS production. We further examined AKT / mTOR, p38MAPK / p-p38MAPK, and WNT/ β-Catenin signaling pathway and demonstrated that STEAP4 regulated the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cells through AKT / mTOR signaling, rather than p38MAPK / p-p38MAPK and WNT/ β-Catenin pathways. Furthermore, activating AKT / mTOR signaling with SC79 significantly reversed apoptosis triggered by STEAP4 deficiency, whereas suppressing AKT / mTOR signaling with MK2206 reduced the increase of cell viability triggered by STEAP4 overproduction. Our original data demonstrated that STEAP4 is crucial in the onset and progression of prostate hyperplasia and may become a new target for the treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Qiu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Fu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongying Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael E DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Cao Y, Zhang H, Tu GL, Tian Y, Tang XH, Tang L, Luo MX, Wang YD, Wang Z, Xia SJ, Luo GH. The Symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients with Stromal-Dominated Hyperplasia Nodules May Be Associated with Prostate Fibrosis. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:1181-1191. [PMID: 37033208 PMCID: PMC10075217 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s395705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of the stroma proportion in hyperplasia nodules on the clinical symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and to identify the different genes and pathways in prostatic hyperplasia nodules between patients with epithelial-dominated hyperplasia (EDH) and stromal-dominated hyperplasia (SDH) nodules. Methods Sixty-seven BPH patient samples underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinical parameters between the EDH and SDH groups were investigated. Collagen fiber percentage was assessed, and the correlation with clinical parameters was evaluated. mRNA sequencing in hyperplasia nodules of 8 BPH patients was performed, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the EDH and SDH groups were screened. These DEGs were analyzed using GO, KEGG and PPI analysis. Results The results showed the IPSS was significantly higher in the SDH group than in the EDH group (p < 0.01). The collagen fiber percentage of BPH nodules was higher in the SDH group than in the EDH group (p < 0.05), and the collagen fiber percentage was positively correlated with the IPSS (r = 0.4058, p = 0.0007). A total of 172 DEGs were obtained, including 63 up-regulated genes and 109 down-regulated genes. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix structural constituents. The top 10 hub genes were associated to the components of extracellular matrix and fibrosis. Conclusion These results suggested that the symptoms of BPH patients with SDH nodules may be associated with prostate fibrosis and fibrosis may be a significant contributing factor in BPH/LUTS patients with SDH nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui-Lan Tu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hu Tang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Tang
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mu-Xia Luo
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Heng Luo
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guang-Heng Luo, Email
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Liu J, Liu D, Zhang J, He W, Guo Y, Li Y, Chen P, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. Expression and functional activity of myosin II in hyperplastic prostates of varying volumes. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110658. [PMID: 36935086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Prostate volume (PV) differs dramatically among benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. Estimation of PV is important to guide the most appropriate pharmacologic or interventional treatment approach. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms for the differences in PV remain unknown. We recently found that the myosin II system might participate in the etiology and development of BPH via static and dynamic factors. Our present study aims to explore the expression and functional activities of myosin II isoforms including smooth muscle (SM) myosin II (SMM II) and non-muscle myosin II (NMM II) in hyperplastic prostates with varied PV. Human hyperplastic prostates and the testosterone-induced rat BPH model were employed for this study. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, immunohistochemical staining, in vitro organ bath, RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western-blotting were performed. Also, a BPH tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed to determine the correlations between myosin II isoforms with clinical parameters of BPH patients. With the increase of PV, the expression of NMMHC-A, NMMHC-C, SM-A and LC17b isoforms were increased, and the contractility of prostate smooth muscle was enhanced but force developed more slowly. Consistently, NMMHC-A, NMMHC-C, SM-A and LC17b were correlated positively with PV. Similar outcomes were also observed in the BPH rat model with different PVs. Alterations in the expression and function of myosin the II system may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of PV differences between BPH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daoquan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junchao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixiang He
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael E DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Mora EMM, Champer MI, Huang W, Campagnola PJ, Grimes MD. Collagen is More Abundant and Structurally Altered in Lichen Sclerosus. Urology 2023; 173:192-197. [PMID: 36509210 PMCID: PMC10038846 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that genital skin and male urethra affected by lichen sclerosus (LS) has increased collagen content and altered collagen structure. METHODS We used picrosirius red to stain and image collagen in human urethral, vulvar, and foreskin specimens with and without LS. Using Image J software, we quantified and compared (1) collagen content (using 2o metrics: collagen proportionate area [CPA] and collagen fiber count), (2) collagen fiber length and width, and (3) collagen structure using the texture analysis technique gray level co-localization matrix (GLCM) with respect to LS status and tissue type. RESULTS We analyzed 23 LS specimens (vulva n=9, urethra n=7, foreskin n=7) and 29 non-LS specimens (vulva n=9, urethra n=7, foreskin n=13). Fiber count and CPA were significantly higher in all LS specimens compared to non-LS specimens (CPA: mean±SD 0.971±0.03 vs 0.948±0.02, P < .007; fiber count: mean±SD = 2906±127 vs 2509±78 fibers; P = .003). Collagen fiber width and length were similar with respect to LS status. GLCM analysis showed decreased inverse difference moment and increased entropy in LS tissues indicative of less homogeneous and more disorganized tissue structure (P<.001). CONCLUSION LS tissues have greater collagen content compared to non-LS tissues. Quantitative assessment of collagen organization, using GLCM, revealed less homogeneity and more disorganization of collagen in LS compared to non-LS tissues. Taken together, our findings suggest that alterations in physical tissue properties seen in LS may be due to both increased collagen abundance and altered structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo M Miranda Mora
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Melissa I Champer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Paul J Campagnola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew D Grimes
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
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Liu J, Zhang J, Fu X, Yang S, Li Y, Liu J, DiSanto ME, Chen P, Zhang X. The Emerging Role of Cell Adhesion Molecules on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2870. [PMID: 36769190 PMCID: PMC9917596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in elderly men. It is characterized by prostatic enlargement and urethral compression and often causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs) such as urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia. Existing studies have shown that the pathological process of prostate hyperplasia is mainly related to the imbalance of cell proliferation and apoptosis, inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and growth factors. However, the exact molecular mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are a group of cell surface proteins that mediate cell-cell adhesion and cell migration. Modulating adhesion molecule expression can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, EMT, and fibrotic processes, engaged in the development of prostatic hyperplasia. In this review, we went over the important roles and molecular mechanisms of cell adhesion molecules (mainly integrins and cadherins) in both physiological and pathological processes. We also analyzed the mechanisms of CAMs in prostate hyperplasia and explored the potential value of targeting CAMs as a therapeutic strategy for BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junchao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xun Fu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Michael E. DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Ruetten H, Sandhu SK, Fox O, Zhu J, Sandhu JK, Vezina CM. The impact of short term, long term and intermittent E. coli infection on male C57BL/6J mouse prostate histology and urinary physiology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2023; 11:59-68. [PMID: 36923725 PMCID: PMC10009312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Prostatic inflammation and prostatic fibrosis are associated with lower urinary tract dysfunction in men. Prostatic inflammation arising from a transurethral uropathogenic E. coli infection is sufficient to increase prostatic collagen content in male mice. It is not known whether and how the sequence, duration and chronology of prostatic infection influence urinary function, prostatic inflammation and collagen content. We placed a transurethral catheter into adult male C57BL/6J mice to deliver uropathogenic E. coli UTI189 two-weeks prior to study endpoint (to evaluate the short-term impact of infection), 10-weeks prior to study endpoint (to evaluate the long-term impact of infection), or two-, six-, and ten-weeks prior to endpoint (to evaluate the impact of repeated intermittent infection). Mice were catheterized the same number of times across all experimental groups and instilled with sterile saline when not instilled with E. coli to control for the variable of catheterization. We measured bacterial load in free catch urine, body weight and weight of bladder and dorsal prostate; prostatic density of leukocytes, collagen and procollagen 1A1 producing cells, and urinary function. Transurethral E. coli instillation caused more severe and persistent bacteriuria in mice with a history of one or more transurethral instillations of sterile saline or E. coli. Repeated intermittent infections resulted in a greater relative bladder wet weight than single infections. However, voiding function, as measured by the void spot assay, and the density of collagen and ProCOL1A1+ cells in dorsal prostate tissue sections did not significantly differ among infection groups. The density of CD45+ leukocytes was greater in the dorsal prostate of mice infected two weeks prior to study endpoint but not in other infection groups compared to uninfected controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ruetten
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Simran K Sandhu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Olivia Fox
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan Zhu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jaskiran K Sandhu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Chad M Vezina
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston/UT-Southwestern George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic ResearchMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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10
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Changes in the Expression and Functional Activities of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 13 ( CXCL13) in Hyperplastic Prostate. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010056. [PMID: 36613500 PMCID: PMC9820459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), a member of the CXC subtype in chemokine superfamily, affects numerous biological processes of various types of cells and the progress of a great number of clinical diseases. The purpose of the current study was to reveal the internal mechanism between CXCL13 and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS Human serum, prostate tissues and human prostate cell lines (BPH-1, WPMY-1) were utilized. The effect of recombinant human CXCL13 (rHuCXCL13) protein and the influences of the knockdown/overexpression of CXCL13 on two cell lines were studied. Rescue experiments by anti-CXCR5 were also conducted. In vivo, rHuCXCL13 was injected into the ventral prostate of rats. Additionally, a tissue microarray of hyperplastic prostate tissues was constructed to analyze the correlations between CXCL13 and clinical parameters. RESULTS CXCL13 was highly expressed in the prostate tissues and upregulated in the BPH group. It was observed that CXCL13 modulated cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through CXCR5 via AKT and the ERK1/2 pathway in BPH-1, while it contributed to inflammation and fibrosis through CXCR5 via the STAT3 pathway in WPMY-1. In vivo, rHuCXCL13 induced the development of rat BPH. Additionally, CXCL13 was positively correlated with the prostate volume and total prostate specific antigen. CONCLUSIONS Our novel data demonstrated that CXCL13 modulated cell proliferation, cell cycle, the EMT of epithelial cells, and induced the fibrosis of prostatic stromal cells via a variety of inflammatory factors, suggesting that CXCL13 might be rediscovered as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of BPH.
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11
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Outcome of a novel porcine-derived UBM/SIS composite biological mesh in a rabbit vaginal defect model. Int Urogynecol J 2022:10.1007/s00192-022-05400-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Physiological Impact of a Synthetic Elastic Protein in Arterial Diseases Related to Alterations of Elastic Fibers: Effect on the Aorta of Elastin-Haploinsufficient Male and Female Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113464. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastic fibers, made of elastin (90%) and fibrillin-rich microfibrils (10%), are the key extracellular components, which endow the arteries with elasticity. The alteration of elastic fibers leads to cardiovascular dysfunctions, as observed in elastin haploinsufficiency in mice (Eln+/-) or humans (supravalvular aortic stenosis or Williams–Beuren syndrome). In Eln+/+ and Eln+/- mice, we evaluated (arteriography, histology, qPCR, Western blots and cell cultures) the beneficial impact of treatment with a synthetic elastic protein (SEP), mimicking several domains of tropoelastin, the precursor of elastin, including hydrophobic elasticity-related domains and binding sites for elastin receptors. In the aorta or cultured aortic smooth muscle cells from these animals, SEP treatment induced a synthesis of elastin and fibrillin-1, a thickening of the aortic elastic lamellae, a decrease in wall stiffness and/or a strong trend toward a reduction in the elastic lamella disruptions in Eln+/- mice. SEP also modified collagen conformation and transcript expressions, enhanced the aorta constrictive response to phenylephrine in several animal groups, and, in female Eln+/- mice, it restored the normal vasodilatory response to acetylcholine. SEP should now be considered as a biomimetic molecule with an interesting potential for future treatments of elastin-deficient patients with altered arterial structure/function.
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13
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Yang Y, Sheng J, Hu S, Cui Y, Xiao J, Yu W, Peng J, Han W, He Q, Fan Y, Niu Y, Lin J, Tian Y, Chang C, Yeh S, Jin J. Estrogen and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor accelerate the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia by inducing prostatic fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:533. [PMID: 35672281 PMCID: PMC9174491 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common and progressive urological disease in elderly men worldwide. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the speed of disease progression varies among individuals, while the pathophysiological mechanisms of accelerated clinical progression in some BPH patients remain to be elucidated. In this study, we defined patients with BPH as belonging to the accelerated progressive group (transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP] surgery at ≤50 years old), normal-speed progressive group (TURP surgery at ≥70 years old), or non-progressive group (age ≤50 years old without BPH-related surgery). We enrolled prostate specimens from the three groups of patients and compared these tissues to determine the histopathological characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying BPH patients with accelerated progression. We found that the main histopathological characteristics of accelerated progressive BPH tissues were increased stromal components and prostatic fibrosis, which were accompanied by higher myofibroblast accumulation and collagen deposition. Mechanism dissection demonstrated that these accelerated progressive BPH tissues have higher expression of the CYP19 and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) with higher estrogen biosynthesis. Estrogen functions via GPER/Gαi signaling to modulate the EGFR/ERK and HIF-1α/TGF-β1 signaling to increase prostatic stromal cell proliferation and prostatic stromal fibrosis. The increased stromal components and prostatic fibrosis may accelerate the clinical progression of BPH. Targeting this newly identified CYP19/estrogen/GPER/Gαi signaling axis may facilitate the development of novel personalized therapeutics to better suppress the progression of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Sheng
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Cui
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020 Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Peng
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Han
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Qun He
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211 Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Lin
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tian
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211 Tianjin, China ,grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Jie Jin
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China ,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital diseases (male) molecular diagnosis and treatment center, Beijing, China
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Popovics P, Jain A, Skalitzky KO, Schroeder E, Ruetten H, Cadena M, Uchtmann KS, Vezina CM, Ricke WA. Osteopontin Deficiency Ameliorates Prostatic Fibrosis and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212461. [PMID: 34830342 PMCID: PMC8617904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrogenic and inflammatory processes in the prostate are linked to the development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. Our previous studies identified that osteopontin (OPN), a pro-fibrotic cytokine, is abundant in the prostate of men with LUTS, and its secretion is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines potentially to drive fibrosis. This study investigates whether the lack of OPN ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in the mouse prostate. We instilled uropathogenic E. coli (UTI89) or saline (control) transurethrally to C57BL/6J (WT) or Spp1tm1Blh/J (OPN-KO) mice and collected the prostates one or 8 weeks later. We found that OPN mRNA and protein expression were significantly induced by E. coli-instillation in the dorsal prostate (DP) after one week in WT mice. Deficiency in OPN expression led to decreased inflammation and fibrosis and the prevention of urinary dysfunction after 8 weeks. RNAseq analysis identified that E. coli-instilled WT mice expressed increased levels of inflammatory and fibrotic marker RNAs compared to OPN-KO mice including Col3a1, Dpt, Lum and Mmp3 which were confirmed by RNAscope. Our results indicate that OPN is induced by inflammation and prolongs the inflammatory state; genetic blockade of OPN accelerates recovery after inflammation, including a resolution of prostate fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Popovics
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Asha Jain
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kegan O. Skalitzky
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Elise Schroeder
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hannah Ruetten
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mark Cadena
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kristen S. Uchtmann
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - William A. Ricke
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.P.); (A.J.); (K.O.S.); (E.S.); (H.R.); (M.C.); (K.S.U.); (C.M.V.)
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Koopmans T, van Beijnum H, Roovers EF, Tomasso A, Malhotra D, Boeter J, Psathaki OE, Versteeg D, van Rooij E, Bartscherer K. Ischemic tolerance and cardiac repair in the spiny mouse (Acomys). NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:78. [PMID: 34789755 PMCID: PMC8599451 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease and by extension myocardial infarction is the primary cause of death worldwide, warranting regenerative therapies to restore heart function. Current models of natural heart regeneration are restricted in that they are not of adult mammalian origin, precluding the study of class-specific traits that have emerged throughout evolution, and reducing translatability of research findings to humans. Here, we present the spiny mouse (Acomys spp.), a murid rodent that exhibits bona fide regeneration of the back skin and ear pinna, as a model to study heart repair. By comparing them to ordinary mice (Mus musculus), we show that the acute injury response in spiny mice is similar, but with an associated tolerance to infarction through superior survivability, improved ventricular conduction, and near-absence of pathological remodeling. Critically, spiny mice display increased vascularization, altered scar organization, and a more immature phenotype of cardiomyocytes, with a corresponding improvement in heart function. These findings present new avenues for mammalian heart research by leveraging unique tissue properties of the spiny mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Koopmans
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Henriette van Beijnum
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elke F Roovers
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Tomasso
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Divyanshu Malhotra
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochem Boeter
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olympia E Psathaki
- Department of Biology and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Bartscherer
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biology and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
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16
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Pattabiraman G, Bell-Cohn AJ, Murphy SF, Mazur DJ, Schaeffer AJ, Thumbikat P. Mast cell function in prostate inflammation, fibrosis, and smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F466-F479. [PMID: 34423679 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00116.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraurethral inoculation of mice with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (CP1) results in prostate inflammation, fibrosis, and urinary dysfunction, recapitulating some but not all of the pathognomonic clinical features associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In both patients with LUTS and CP1-infected mice, we observed increased numbers and activation of mast cells and elevated levels of prostate fibrosis. Therapeutic inhibition of mast cells using a combination of a mast cell stabilizer, cromolyn sodium, and the histamine 1 receptor antagonist cetirizine di-hydrochloride in the mouse model resulted in reduced mast cell activation in the prostate and significant alleviation of urinary dysfunction. Treated mice showed reduced prostate fibrosis, less infiltration of immune cells, and decreased inflammation. In addition, as opposed to symptomatic CP1-infected mice, treated mice showed reduced myosin light chain-2 phosphorylation, a marker of prostate smooth muscle contraction. These results show that mast cells play a critical role in the pathophysiology of urinary dysfunction and may be an important therapeutic target for men with BPH/LUTS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY LUTS-associated benign prostatic hyperplasia is derived from a combination of immune activation, extracellular matrix remodeling, hyperplasia, and smooth muscle cell contraction in prostates of men. Using a mouse model, we describe the importance of mast cells in regulating these multiple facets involved in the pathophysiology of LUTS. Mast cell inhibition alleviates both pathology and urinary dysfunction in this model, suggesting the potential for mast cell inhibition as a therapeutic that prevents and reverses pathology and associated symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutham Pattabiraman
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ashlee J Bell-Cohn
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephen F Murphy
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel J Mazur
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anthony J Schaeffer
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Praveen Thumbikat
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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17
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Tumor collagen framework from bright-field histology images predicts overall survival of breast carcinoma patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15474. [PMID: 34326378 PMCID: PMC8322324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, specifically aligned collagen has been shown to stimulate tumor progression by directing the migration of metastatic cells along its structural framework. Tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS) have been linked to breast cancer patient outcome. Robust and affordable methods for assessing biological information contained in collagen architecture need to be developed. We have developed a novel artificial neural network (ANN) based approach for tumor collagen segmentation from bright-field histology images and have tested it on a set of tissue microarray sections from early hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal breast carcinoma stained with Sirius Red (1 core per patient, n = 92). We designed and trained ANNs on sets of differently annotated image patches to segment collagen fibers and extracted 37 features of collagen fiber morphometry, density, orientation, texture, and fractal characteristics in the entire cohort. Independent instances of ANN models trained on highly differing annotations produced reasonably concordant collagen segmentation masks and allowed reliable prognostic Cox regression models (with likelihood ratios 14.11-22.99, at p-value < 0.05) superior to conventional clinical parameters (size of the primary tumor (T), regional lymph node status (N), histological grade (G), and patient age). Additionally, we noted statistically significant differences of collagen features between tumor grade groups, and the factor analysis revealed features resembling the TACS concept. Our proposed method offers collagen framework segmentation from bright-field histology images and provides novel image-based features for better breast cancer patient prognostication.
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18
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NELL2 modulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via ERK pathway in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1591-1608. [PMID: 34195782 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a quite common illness but its etiology and mechanism remain unclear. Neural epidermal growth factor-like like 2 (NELL2) plays multifunctional roles in neural cell growth and is strongly linked to the urinary tract disease. Current study aims to determine the expression, functional activities and underlying mechanism of NELL2 in BPH. Human prostate cell lines and tissues from normal human and BPH patients were utilized. Immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting were performed. We further generated cell models with NELL2 silenced or overexpressed. Subsequently, proliferation, cycle, and apoptosis of prostate cells were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis process were also analyzed. Our study revealed that NELL2 was up-regulated in BPH samples and localized in the stroma and the epithelium compartments of human prostate tissues. NELL2 deficiency induced a mitochondria-dependent cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation via phosphorylating extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation. Additionally, suppression of ERK1/2 with U0126 incubation could significantly reverse NELL2 deficiency triggered cell apoptosis. Consistently, overexpression of NELL2 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, NELL2 interference was observed no effect on EMT and fibrosis process. Our novel data demonstrated that up-regulation of NELL2 in the enlarged prostate could contribute to the development of BPH through enhancing cell proliferation and inhibited a mitochondria-dependent cell apoptosis via the ERK pathway. The NELL2-ERK system might represent an important target to facilitate the development of future therapeutic approaches in BPH.
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19
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Liu J, Yin J, Chen P, Liu D, He W, Li Y, Li M, Fu X, Zeng G, Guo Y, Wang X, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. Smoothened inhibition leads to decreased cell proliferation and suppressed tissue fibrosis in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:115. [PMID: 34006832 PMCID: PMC8131753 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in aging males. It has been proven that the Hedgehog (HH) is implied as an effective and fundamental regulatory growth factor signal for organogenesis, homeostasis, and regeneration. Smoothened (SMO), as the major control point of HH signals, activates aberrantly in most human solid tumors. However, the specific function of SMO and its downstream glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) family in BPH has not been well understood. Here, we first revealed that the SMO cascade was upregulated in BPH tissues and was localized in both the stromal and the epithelium compartments of human prostate tissues. Cyclopamine, as a specific SMO inhibitor, was incubated with BPH-1 and WPMY-1, and intraperitoneally injected into a BPH rat model established by castration with testosterone supplementation. SMO inhibition could induce cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and a reduction of tissue fibrosis markers, both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, a tissue microarray, containing 104 BPH specimens, was constructed to analyze the correlations between the expression of SMO cascade and clinical parameters. The GLI2 was correlated positively with nocturia and negatively with fPSA. The GLI3 was in a positive relationship with International Prostate Symptom Score and nocturia. In conclusion, our study suggested that SMO cascade could play important roles in the development of BPH and it might be rediscovered as a promising therapeutic target for BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daoquan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixiang He
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Fu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael E DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Human Tissue Kallikrein 1 Is Downregulated in Elderly Human Prostates and Possesses Potential In Vitro Antioxidative and Antifibrotic Effects in Rodent Prostates. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8877540. [PMID: 34007408 PMCID: PMC8110393 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8877540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of KLK1 on aging-related prostate alterations and search clues about the application of KLK1 to the treatment of human BPH. Methods Thirty-six rats including 26 male wild-type SD rats and 10 transgenic rats were fed to 3- or 18-month-old and divided into three groups: young WTR (yWTR) as the control (n = 16), aged WTR (aWTR) (n = 10), and aged TGR (aTGR) (n = 10). The prostates of the three groups of rats (10 rats per group) were harvested to evaluate the levels of KLK1 expression, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and involved signaling pathways, such as NO/cGMP, COX-2/PTGIS/cAMP, and TGF-β1/RhoA/ROCK1, via quantitative PCR, Western blot, histological examinations, and ELISA. Moreover, the remaining 6 yWTRs were sacrificed to obtain primary prostate fibroblast and aortic endothelial cells, and a coculture system was built with the cells for the verification of above signaling pathways in vitro. And the direct effects of bradykinin on prostate cells were detected by MTT experiment. Prostate specimens of 47 patients (age from 48 to 92 years) undergoing BPH surgery were collected after approval. Histological examinations and KLK1 IHC were preformed to analyze the relationship between KLK1 expression and age and prostate fibrosis. Results The human KLK1 gene only existed and was expressed in aTGR. The prostate of young rats expressed more KLK1 than the aged and the expression of KLK1 in prostate decreased with age in humans (r = −0.347, P = 0.018). Compared to the aWTR group, the yWTR and aTGR groups showed milder fibrosis, less oxidative stress, upregulated NO/cGMP, and COX-2/PTGIS/cAMP signaling pathways and inhibited TGF-β1/RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway. In the coculture system, KLK1 suppressed TGF-β1-mediated fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation via cleaving LMWK to produce the BK which upregulate eNOS expression and NO production in endothelial cells. BK not only slightly stimulated the proliferation ability of prostatic stromal cells but also upregulated iNOS and inhibited TGF-β1 expression in them. Conclusion KLK1 protects prostate from oxidative stress and fibrosis via amplified NO/cGMP signal in aged rats. The decrease of KLK1 expression with aging is laying the groundwork for the application of KLK1 to the treatment of human BPH. The current experimental data showed that the side effects of KLK1 on the prostate cell were not obvious.
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Thompson KG, Rainer BM, Leung S, Qi J, Kang S, Chien AL. The association of photo-induced collagen degeneration and the development of telangiectasias in rosacea. J Anat 2021; 238:1355-1358. [PMID: 33432575 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic, often progressive disorder characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasias, papules, pustules, and/or rhinophyma. In this study, we investigated the tissue structure in rosacea compared to controls. We performed a case-control study between five patients with mild-to-moderate erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) and five matched controls. Facial biopsy samples from rosacea patients and controls were stained with picrosirius red for collagen and CD31 for microvessel identification. Mean collagen content was significantly greater in control samples (19.603% ±8.821%) compared to rosacea samples (16.812% ± 7.787%, p = 0.030). In contrast, mean microvessel density was significantly higher in rosacea patients (4.775 E-5 ± 1.493 E-5 µm-3 ) compared to controls (2.559 E-5 ± 8.732 E-6 µm-3 , p = 0.004). Mean microvessel lumen area was also significantly higher in rosacea patients (491.710 ± 610.188 µm2 ) compared to controls (347.879 ± 539.624 µm2 , p = 0.003). We identified a correlation between decreased collagen content and increased microvessel size and density in rosacea patients that was not observed in controls. These structural changes to the dermal matrix may contribute to the characteristic vessel growth and dilation in rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara M Rainer
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sherry Leung
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna L Chien
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Mechanical, compositional and morphological characterisation of the human male urethra for the development of a biomimetic tissue engineered urethral scaffold. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120651. [PMID: 33476892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses a crucial gap in the literature by characterising the relationship between urethral tissue mechanics, composition and gross structure. We then utilise these data to develop a biomimetic urethral scaffold with physical properties that more accurately mimic the native tissue than existing gold standard scaffolds; small intestinal submucosa (SIS) and urinary bladder matrix (UBM). Nine human urethra samples were mechanically characterised using pressure-diameter and uniaxial extension testing. The composition and gross structure of the tissue was determined using immunohistological staining. A pressure stiffening response is observed during the application of intraluminal pressure. The elastic and viscous tissue responses to extension are free of regional or directional variance. The elastin and collagen content of the tissue correlates significantly with tissue mechanics. Building on these data, a biomimetic urethral scaffold was fabricated from collagen and elastin in a ratio that mimics the composition of the native tissue. The resultant scaffold is comprised of a dense inner layer and a porous outer layer that structurally mimic the submucosa and corpus spongiosum layers of the native tissue, respectively. The porous outer layer facilitated more uniform cell infiltration relative to SIS and UBM when implanted subcutaneously (p < 0.05). The mechanical properties of the biomimetic scaffold better mimic the native tissue compared to SIS and UBM. The tissue characterisation data presented herein paves the way for the development of biomimetic urethral grafts, and the novel scaffold we develop demonstrates positive findings that warrant further in vivo evaluation.
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Ruetten H, Sandhu J, Mueller B, Wang P, Zhang HL, Wegner KA, Cadena M, Sandhu S, L Abler L, Zhu J, O'Driscoll CA, Chelgren B, Wang Z, Shen T, Barasch J, Bjorling DE, Vezina CM. A uropathogenic E. coli UTI89 model of prostatic inflammation and collagen accumulation for use in studying aberrant collagen production in the prostate. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F31-F46. [PMID: 33135480 PMCID: PMC7847049 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00431.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection is one known etiology of prostatic inflammation. Prostatic inflammation is associated with prostatic collagen accumulation and both are linked to progressive lower urinary tract symptoms in men. We characterized a model of prostatic inflammation using transurethral instillations of Escherichia coli UTI89 in C57BL/6J male mice with the goal of determining the optimal instillation conditions, understanding the impact of instillation conditions on urinary physiology, and identifying ideal prostatic lobes and collagen 1a1 prostatic cell types for further analysis. The smallest instillation volume tested (50 µL) distributed exclusively to the bladder, 100- and 200-µL volumes distributed to the bladder and prostate, and a 500-µL volume distributed to the bladder, prostate, and ureter. A threshold optical density of 0.4 E. coli UTI89 in the instillation fluid was necessary for significant (P < 0.05) prostate colonization. E. coli UTI89 infection resulted in a low frequency, high volume spontaneous voiding pattern. This phenotype was due to exposure to E. coli UTI89, not catheterization alone, and was minimally altered by a 50-µL increase in instillation volume and doubling of E. coli concentration. Prostate inflammation was isolated to the dorsal prostate and was accompanied by increased collagen density. This was partnered with increased density of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C+, procollagen type I-α1+ copositive cells and decreased density of α2-smooth muscle actin+, procollagen type I-α1+ copositive cells. Overall, we determined that this model is effective in altering urinary phenotype and producing prostatic inflammation and collagen accumulation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ruetten
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jaskiran Sandhu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brett Mueller
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peiqing Wang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Helen L Zhang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kyle A Wegner
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mark Cadena
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simran Sandhu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lisa L Abler
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Zhu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chelsea A O'Driscoll
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Britta Chelgren
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zunyi Wang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Tian Shen
- Columbia University, Department of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Dale E Bjorling
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Chad M Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, Wisconsin, and Boston, Massachusetts
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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Pascal LE, Mizoguchi S, Chen W, Rigatti LH, Igarashi T, Dhir R, Tyagi P, Wu Z, Yang Z, de Groat WC, DeFranco DB, Yoshimura N, Wang Z. Prostate-Specific Deletion of Cdh1 Induces Murine Prostatic Inflammation and Bladder Overactivity. Endocrinology 2021; 162:5992231. [PMID: 33211830 PMCID: PMC7745638 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related debilitating prostatic disease that is frequently associated with prostatic inflammation and bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Animal models have shown that formalin- and bacterial-induced prostatic inflammation can induce bladder dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms contributing to prostatic inflammation in BPH and bladder dysfunction are not clear. We previously reported that E-cadherin expression in BPH is downregulated in hyperplastic nodules compared with expression in adjacent normal tissues. Here, we explored the potential consequences of prostatic E-cadherin downregulation on the prostate and bladder in vivo using an inducible murine model of prostate luminal epithelial-specific deletion of Cdh1. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-CreERT2 transgenic mouse strain expressing tamoxifen-inducible CreERT2 recombinase driven by a 6-kb human PSA promoter/enhancer was crossed with the B6.129-Cdh1tm2Kem/J mouse to generate bigenic PSA-CreERT2/Cdh1-/- mice. Deletion of E-cadherin was induced by transient administration of tamoxifen when mice reached sexual maturity (7 weeks of age). At 21 to 23 weeks of age, the prostate, bladder, and prostatic urethra were examined histologically, and bladder function was assessed using void spot assays and cystometry. Mice with Cdh1 deletion had increased prostatic inflammation, prostatic epithelial hyperplasia, and stromal changes at 21 to 23 weeks of age, as well as changes in bladder voiding function compared with age-matched controls. Thus, loss of E-cadherin in the murine prostate could result in prostatic defects that are characteristic of BPH and LUTS, suggesting that E-cadherin downregulation could be a driving force in human BPH development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Pascal
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Correspondence: Zhou Wang, PhD, Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5200 Centre Ave, Suite G40, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. ; or Laura E. Pascal, PhD, Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5200 Centre Ave, Suite G34, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
| | - Shinsuke Mizoguchi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lora H Rigatti
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taro Igarashi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rajiv Dhir
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pradeep Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William C de Groat
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Donald B DeFranco
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Correspondence: Zhou Wang, PhD, Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5200 Centre Ave, Suite G40, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. ; or Laura E. Pascal, PhD, Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5200 Centre Ave, Suite G34, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
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Atkuru S, Muniraj G, Sudhaharan T, Chiam KH, Wright GD, Sriram G. Cellular ageing of oral fibroblasts differentially modulates extracellular matrix organization. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:108-120. [PMID: 32969036 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ageing is associated with an impaired cellular function that can affect tissue architecture and wound healing in gingival and periodontal tissues. However, the impact of oral fibroblast ageing on the structural organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is poorly understood. Hence, in this study, we investigated the impact of cellular ageing of oral fibroblasts on the production and structural organization of collagen and other ECM proteins. METHODS Oral fibroblasts were serially subcultured, and replicative cellular senescence was assessed using population doubling time, Ki67 counts and expression of P21WAFI . The production and structural organization of ECM proteins were assessed at early (young-oFB) and late (aged-oFB) passages. The thickness and pattern of collagen produced by live cultures of young- and aged-oFB were assessed using a label-free and non-invasive second harmonic generation (SHG)-based multiphoton imaging. Expression of other ECM proteins (fibronectin, fibrillin, collagen-IV and laminins) was evaluated using immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy-based depth profile analysis. RESULTS Aged-oFB displayed a higher population doubling time, lower Ki67+ cells and higher expression of P21WAFI indicative of slower proliferation rate and senescence phenotype. SHG imaging demonstrated that young-oFB produced a thick, interwoven network of collagen fibres, while the aged-oFB produced thin and linearly organized collagen fibres. Similarly, analysis of immunostained cultures showed that young-oFB produced a rich, interwoven mesh of fibronectin, fibrillin and collagen-IV fibres. In contrast, the aged-oFB produced linearly organized fibronectin, fibrillin and collagen-IV fibres. Lastly, there was no observable difference in production and organization of laminins among the young- and aged-oFB. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that oral fibroblast ageing impairs ECM production and more importantly the organization of ECM fibres, which could potentially impair wound healing in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Atkuru
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Giridharan Muniraj
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Thankiah Sudhaharan
- A*STAR Microscopy Platform, Research Support Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Keng-Hwee Chiam
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Graham Daniel Wright
- A*STAR Microscopy Platform, Research Support Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
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Dash BC, Setia O, Gorecka J, Peyvandi H, Duan K, Lopes L, Nie J, Berthiaume F, Dardik A, Hsia HC. A Dense Fibrillar Collagen Scaffold Differentially Modulates Secretory Function of iPSC-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Promote Wound Healing. Cells 2020; 9:E966. [PMID: 32295218 PMCID: PMC7226960 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) in abundance is a promising strategy for vascular regeneration. While hiPSC-VSMCs have already been utilized for tissue-engineered vascular grafts and disease modeling, there is a lack of investigations exploring their therapeutic secretory factors. The objective of this manuscript was to understand how the biophysical property of a collagen-based scaffold dictates changes in the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs while developing hiPSC-VSMC-based therapy for durable regenerative wound healing. We investigated the effect of collagen fibrillar density (CFD) on hiPSC-VSMC's paracrine secretion and cytokines via the construction of varying density of collagen scaffolds. Our study demonstrated that CFD is a key scaffold property that modulates the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs. This study lays the foundation for developing collagen-based scaffold materials for the delivery of hiPSC-VSMCs to promote regenerative healing through guiding paracrine signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C. Dash
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Ocean Setia
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Jolanta Gorecka
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Hassan Peyvandi
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Lara Lopes
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - James Nie
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Henry C. Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
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Textured soy protein scaffolds enable the generation of three-dimensional bovine skeletal muscle tissue for cell-based meat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-0046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wang X, Giusti A, Ny A, de Witte PA. Nephrotoxic Effects in Zebrafish after Prolonged Exposure to Aristolochic Acid. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12040217. [PMID: 32235450 PMCID: PMC7232444 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim to explore the possibility to generate a zebrafish model of renal fibrosis, in this study the fibrogenic renal effect of aristolochic acid I (AAI) after immersion was assessed. This compound is highly nephrotoxic able to elicit renal fibrosis after exposure of rats and humans. Our results reveal that larval zebrafish at 15 days dpf (days post-fertilization) exposed for 8 days to 0.5 µM AAI showed clear signs of AKI (acute kidney injury). The damage resulted in the relative loss of the functional glomerular filtration barrier. Conversely, we did not observe any deposition of collagen, nor could we immunodetect α-SMA, a hallmark of myofibroblasts, in the tubules. In addition, no increase in gene expression of fibrogenesis biomarkers after whole animal RNA extraction was found. As zebrafish have a high capability for tissue regeneration possibly impeding fibrogenic processes, we also used a tert−/− zebrafish line exhibiting telomerase deficiency and impaired tissue homeostasis. AAI-treated tert−/− larvae displayed an increased sensitivity towards 0.5 µM AAI. Importantly, after AAI treatment a mild collagen deposition could be found in the tubules. The outcome implies that sustained AKI induced by nephrotoxic compounds combined with defective tert−/− stem cells can produce a fibrotic response.
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Turco AE, Thomas S, Crawford LK, Tang W, Peterson RE, Li L, Ricke WA, Vezina CM. In utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure exacerbates urinary dysfunction in hormone-treated C57BL/6J mice through a non-malignant mechanism involving proteomic changes in the prostate that differ from those elicited by testosterone and estradiol. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2020; 8:59-72. [PMID: 32211455 PMCID: PMC7076297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A recent study directed new focus on the fetal and neonatal environment as a risk factor for urinary dysfunction in aging males. Male mice were exposed in utero and via lactation (IUL) to the persistent environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and then administered slow-release, subcutaneous implants of testosterone and estradiol (T+E2) as adults to mimic the hormonal environment of aging men. IUL TCDD exposure worsened T+E2-induced voiding dysfunction. Mice in the previous study were genetically prone to prostatic neoplasia and it was therefore unclear whether TCDD exacerbates voiding dysfunction through a malignant or non-malignant mechanism. We demonstrate here that IUL TCDD exposure acts via a non-malignant mechanism to exacerbate T+E2-mediated male mouse voiding dysfunction characterized by a progressive increase in spontaneous void spotting. We deployed a proteomic approach to narrow the possible mechanisms. We specifically tested whether IUL TCDD exacerbates urinary dysfunction by acting through the same prostatic signaling pathways as T+E2. The prostatic protein signature of TCDD/T+E2-exposed mice differed from that of mice exposed to T+E2 alone, indicating that the mechanism of action of TCDD differs from that of T+E2. We identified 3641 prostatic proteins in total and determined that IUL TCDD exposure significantly changed the abundance of 102 proteins linked to diverse molecular and physiological processes. We shed new light on the mechanism of IUL TCDD-mediated voiding dysfunction by demonstrating that the mechanism is independent of tumorigenesis and involves molecular pathways distinct from those affected by T+E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Turco
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Samuel Thomas
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - LaTasha K Crawford
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Richard E Peterson
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - William A Ricke
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
| | - Chad M Vezina
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, USA
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30
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Yoon H, Lee YS, Lim BJ, Han K, Shin HJ, Kim MJ, Lee MJ. Renal elasticity and perfusion changes associated with fibrosis on ultrasonography in a rabbit model of obstructive uropathy. Eur Radiol 2019; 30:1986-1996. [PMID: 31858205 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06547-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate elasticity and perfusion change associated with fibrosis in a rabbit model of unilateral ureter obstruction using shear wave elastography (SWE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). METHODS Complete unilateral ureter obstruction by ligation was performed in the left kidney of 15 rabbits. Renal elasticity on SWE and perfusion change on CEUS at the renal cortex were measured before and after the operation. Histopathological renal fibrosis was quantified by the stained area ratio with Masson trichrome and Picrosirius red using ImageJ analysis. Renal elasticity and perfusion values were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test and Proc Mixed as a function of time. Spearman's correlation was used to analyze differences between imaging values and fibrosis. RESULTS The duration of imaging follow-up was up to 49 days, with interval imaging performed 1-3 times. Renal elasticity values were higher in obstructed kidneys compared to contralateral kidneys (31.0 kPa vs 16.4 kPa, p < 0.001) and increased according to postoperative time (0.46 kPa/day). With respect to renal fibrosis, SWE values were positively correlated with Masson trichrome (ρ = 0.651, p < 0.001) and Picrosirius red (ρ = 0.514, p = 0.007). Among CEUS parameters, mean transit time was negatively correlated with renal fibrosis by Masson trichrome (ρ = - 0.639, p = 0.001) and Picrosirius red (ρ = - 0.625, p = 0.001). Rise time and time to peak were positively correlated with renal fibrosis. CONCLUSION Obstructive uropathy resulted in changes to both renal elasticity and perfusion. Renal fibrosis was moderately associated with increased renal cortical stiffness and both delayed and decreased cortical perfusion. KEY POINTS • Obstructive uropathy causes changes in elasticity and perfusion in a rabbit model. • Renal fibrosis from obstructive uropathy increases renal cortical stiffness, and both delay and decrease cortical perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesung Yoon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Yong Seung Lee
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beom Jin Lim
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Han
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Myung-Joon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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31
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Sharma D, Giles A, Hashim A, Yip J, Ji Y, Do NNA, Sebastiani J, Tran WT, Farhat G, Oelze M, Czarnota GJ. Ultrasound microbubble potentiated enhancement of hyperthermia-effect in tumours. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226475. [PMID: 31851698 PMCID: PMC6919613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that for tumour growth and survival, tumour vasculature is an important element. Studies have demonstrated that ultrasound-stimulated microbubble (USMB) treatment causes extensive endothelial cell death leading to tumour vascular disruption. The subsequent rapid vascular collapse translates to overall increases in tumour response to various therapies. In this study, we explored USMB involvement in the enhancement of hyperthermia (HT) treatment effects. Human prostate tumour (PC3) xenografts were grown in mice and were treated with USMB, HT, or with a combination of the two treatments. Treatment parameters consisted of ultrasound pressures of 0 to 740 kPa, the use of perfluorocarbon-filled microbubbles administered intravenously, and an HT temperature of 43°C delivered for various times (0–50 minutes). Single and multiple repeated treatments were evaluated. Tumour response was monitored 24 hours after treatments and tumour growth was monitored for up to over 30 days for a single treatment and 4 weeks for multiple treatments. Tumours exposed to USMB combined with HT exhibited enhanced cell death (p<0.05) and decreased vasculature (p<0.05) compared to untreated tumours or those treated with either USMB alone or HT alone within 24 hours. Deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) staining were used to assess cell death and vascular content, respectively. Further, tumours receiving a single combined USMB and HT treatment exhibited decreased tumour volumes (p<0.05) compared to those receiving either treatment alone when monitored over the duration of 30 days. Additionally, tumour response monitored weekly up to 4 weeks demonstrated a reduced vascular index and tumour volume, increased fibrosis and lesser number of proliferating cells with combined treatment of USMB and HT. Thus in this study, we characterize a novel therapeutic approach that combines USMB with HT to enhance treatment responses in a prostate cancer xenograft model in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Sharma
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anoja Giles
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amr Hashim
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jodi Yip
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yipeng Ji
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - William Tyler Tran
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Golnaz Farhat
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Oelze
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Czarnota
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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32
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Macoska JA, Uchtmann KS, Leverson GE, McVary KT, Ricke WA. Prostate Transition Zone Fibrosis is Associated with Clinical Progression in the MTOPS Study. J Urol 2019; 202:1240-1247. [PMID: 31188728 PMCID: PMC7339116 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Medications targeting androgen receptor activity (eg finasteride) or smooth muscle contractility (eg doxazosin) do not resolve lower urinary tract symptoms indicative of lower urinary tract dysfunction in an important subgroup of men. Recently fibrosis has been implicated as another pathobiology contributing to male lower urinary tract symptoms but to our knowledge no systematic studies have been done to assess fibrosis in the context of medical treatment. We determine whether fibrotic changes in the prostate transition zone are associated with an increased risk of clinical progression in participants treated with doxazosin, finasteride or finasteride plus doxazosin in the MTOPS (Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms) study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transition zone biopsy tissues from men who did or did not experience clinical progression on placebo, doxazosin, finasteride or combination therapy were assessed for collagen content and architectural changes using picrosirius red birefringence and CT-FIRE (Curvelet Transform-Fiber Extraction) analysis. Correlations were made with annotated demographic and clinical data. Statistical analyses were done with the Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA and the t-test. RESULTS High levels of wavy, aligned prostate transition zone collagen significantly correlated with an increased risk of clinical progression among MTOPS trial participants treated with doxazosin plus finasteride, particularly those with a high body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Fibrotic changes in the prostate transition zone are associated with an increased risk of clinical progression in men treated with doxazosin plus finasteride. Antifibrotic therapeutics might provide a new treatment approach in men with lower urinary tract dysfunction who do not respond to current medical treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Macoska
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kristen S. Uchtmann
- George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Urology, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Glen E. Leverson
- Department of Urology, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin T. McVary
- Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - William A. Ricke
- George M. O’Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Urology, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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33
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Wegner KA, Mueller BR, Unterberger CJ, Avila EJ, Ruetten H, Turco AE, Oakes SR, Girardi NM, Halberg RB, Swanson SM, Marker PC, Vezina CM. Prostate epithelial-specific expression of activated PI3K drives stromal collagen production and accumulation. J Pathol 2019; 250:231-242. [PMID: 31674011 DOI: 10.1002/path.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We genetically engineered expression of an activated form of P110 alpha, the catalytic subunit of PI3K, in mouse prostate epithelium to create a mouse model of direct PI3K activation (Pbsn-cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+ ). We hypothesized that direct activation would cause rapid neoplasia and cancer progression. Pbsn-cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+ mice developed widespread prostate intraepithelial hyperplasia, but stromal invasion was limited and overall progression was slower than anticipated. However, the model produced profound and progressive stromal remodeling prior to explicit epithelial neoplasia. Increased stromal cellularity and inflammatory infiltrate were evident as early as 4 months of age and progressively increased through 12 months of age, the terminal endpoint of this study. Prostatic collagen density and phosphorylated SMAD2-positive prostatic stromal cells were expansive and accumulated with age, consistent with pro-fibrotic TGF-β pathway activation. Few reported mouse models accumulate prostate-specific collagen to the degree observed in Pbsn-cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+ . Our results indicate a signaling process beginning with prostatic epithelial PI3K and TGF-β signaling that drives prostatic stromal hypertrophy and collagen accumulation. These mice afford a unique opportunity to explore molecular mechanisms of prostatic collagen accumulation that is relevant to cancer progression, metastasis, inflammation and urinary dysfunction. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Wegner
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brett R Mueller
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher J Unterberger
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Enrique J Avila
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hannah Ruetten
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anne E Turco
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Steven R Oakes
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicholas M Girardi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard B Halberg
- Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Steven M Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul C Marker
- University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chad M Vezina
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin-Madison/UMASS Boston George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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34
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McLean DT, Rutkowski DR, Liu T, Hernando D, Ricke WA, Roldán-Alzate A. MRI-based method for lower urinary tract dysfunction in adult male mice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2019; 7:153-158. [PMID: 31317054 PMCID: PMC6627546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) develops in the majority of men as they age. As a result, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) often develop, which significantly decrease quality of life. One model of studying BPH/LUTS in mice is to use a hormone-induced model of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD), but current methods for studying endpoints require multiple analysis techniques that contribute to an overall lengthy process. However, developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have opened the door for more accurate and time efficient methods. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the capabilities of MRI for the analysis of LUTD in mice. To do this, whole and partial urogenital tracts were extracted from mice and imaged on a 9.4 Tesla MRI system. Additionally, a device was designed and fabricated to aid in the imaging of up to 100 mouse urogenital tracts in a single imaging session. Images were processed for both qualitative representation of MRI resolution capabilities and quantitative measurements of urogenital tract components. Even the smallest anatomical structures of the urogenital tracts were resolved and quantified, including the ureters, urethra, ductus deferens, and fine nodules and textures on the seminal vesicles, bladder, and prostatic lobes. The visual representations and urogenital component quantifications demonstrated in this study may be of value in lesion detection, diagnosis, and LUTS symptom progression tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton T McLean
- Urology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- Cancer Biology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
| | - David R Rutkowski
- Mechanical Engineering, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- Radiology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
| | - Teresa Liu
- Urology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
| | - Diego Hernando
- Radiology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- Medical Physics, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
| | - William A Ricke
- Urology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
| | - Alejandro Roldán-Alzate
- Mechanical Engineering, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- Radiology, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
- Biomedcial Engineering, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
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35
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Liu TT, Thomas S, Mclean DT, Roldan-Alzate A, Hernando D, Ricke EA, Ricke WA. Prostate enlargement and altered urinary function are part of the aging process. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2653-2669. [PMID: 31085797 PMCID: PMC6535061 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate disease incidence, both benign and malignant, directly correlates with age. Men under 40 years of age are rarely diagnosed with benign or malignant prostate disease, while 90% of men over the age of 80 have histological evidence of benign disease (benign prostatic hyperplasia; BPH). Although rodent models have been invaluable in the study of disease progression and treatment efficacy, the effect of age is often not considered. In examining aged (24-month-old) mice, we observed changes within the lower urinary tract that is typically associated with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) similar to models of BPH. In this study, we identify LUTD using functional testing as well as various imaging technologies. We also characterize the histological differences within the lower urinary tract between young (2-month-old) and aged mice including proliferation, stromal remodeling, and collagen deposition. Additionally, we examined serum steroid hormone levels, as steroid changes drive LUTD in mice and are known to change with age. We conclude that, with age, changes in prostate function, consistent with LUTD, are a consequence. Therapeutic targeting of endocrine and prostatic factors including smooth muscle function, prostate growth and fibrosis are likely to reestablish normal urinary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa T. Liu
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- K12 Kure, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samuel Thomas
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dalton T. Mclean
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Cancer Biology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Alejandro Roldan-Alzate
- K12 Kure, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Diego Hernando
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emily A. Ricke
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - William A. Ricke
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- George M. O’Brien Center of Research Excellence, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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36
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Campbell KR, Chaudhary R, Montano M, Iozzo RV, Bushman WA, Campagnola PJ. Second-harmonic generation microscopy analysis reveals proteoglycan decorin is necessary for proper collagen organization in prostate. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-8. [PMID: 31148435 PMCID: PMC6541798 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.6.066501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Collagen remodeling occurs in many prostate pathologies; however, the underlying structural architecture in both normal and diseased prostatic tissues is largely unexplored. Here, we use second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to specifically probe the role of the proteoglycan decorin (Dcn) on collagen assembly in a wild type (wt) and Dcn null mouse (Dcn - / - ). Dcn is required for proper organization of collagen fibrils as it regulates size by forming an arch-like structure at the end of the fibril. We have utilized SHG metrics based on emission directionality (forward-backward ratio) and relative conversion efficiency, which are both related to the SHG coherence length, and found more disordered fibril organization in the Dcn - / - . We have also used image analysis readouts based on entropy, multifractal dimension, and wavelet transforms to compare the collagen fibril/fiber architecture in the two models, where all these showed that the Dcn - / - prostate comprised smaller and more disorganized collagen structures. All these SHG metrics are consistent with decreased SHG phase matching in the Dcn - / - and are further consistent with ultrastructural analysis of collagen in this model in other tissues, which show a more random distribution of fibril sizes and their packing into fibers. As Dcn is a known tumor suppressor, this work forms the basis for future studies of collagen remodeling in both malignant and benign prostate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby R. Campbell
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Rajeev Chaudhary
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Monica Montano
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Urology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Wade A. Bushman
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Urology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Paul J. Campagnola
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Address all correspondence to Paul J. Campagnola, E-mail:
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37
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Rafuse M, Xu X, Stenmark K, Neu CP, Yin X, Tan W. Layer-specific arterial micromechanics and microstructure: Influences of age, anatomical location, and processing technique. J Biomech 2019; 88:113-121. [PMID: 31010593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of matrix micromechanics is increasingly recognized in cardiovascular research due to the intimate role they play in local vascular cell physiology. However, variations in micromechanics among arterial layers (i.e. intima, media, adventitia), as well as dependency on local matrix composition and/or structure, anatomical location or developmental stage remain largely unknown. This study determined layer-specific stiffness in elastic arteries, including the main pulmonary artery, ascending aorta, and carotid artery using atomic force indentation. To compare stiffness with age and frozen processing techniques, neonatal and adult pulmonary arteries were tested, while fresh (vibratomed) and frozen (cryotomed) tissues were tested from the adult aorta. Results revealed that the mean compressive modulus varied among the intima, sub-luminal media, inner-middle media, and adventitia layers in the range of 1-10 kPa for adult arteries. Adult samples, when compared to neonatal pulmonary arteries, exhibited increased stiffness in all layers except adventitia. Compared to freshly isolated samples, frozen preparation yielded small stiffness increases in each layer to varied degrees, thus inaccurately representing physiological stiffness. To interpret micromechanics measurements, composition and structure analyses of structural matrix proteins were conducted with histology and multiphoton imaging modalities including second harmonic generation and two-photon fluorescence. Composition analysis of matrix protein area density demonstrated that decrease in the elastin-to-collagen and/or glycosaminoglycan-to-collagen ratios corresponded to stiffness increases in identical layers among different types of arteries. However, composition analysis was insufficient to interpret stiffness variations between layers which had dissimilar microstructure. Detailed microstructure analyses may contribute to more complete understanding of arterial micromechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rafuse
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kurt Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Corey P Neu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Xiaobo Yin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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38
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Ricke WA, Bruskewitz RC, Liu TT. Targeting a fibrotic bottleneck may provide an opening in the treatment of LUTS. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F1091-F1093. [PMID: 30864837 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00102.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William A Ricke
- George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research and Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Reginald C Bruskewitz
- George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research and Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Teresa T Liu
- George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urologic Research and Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
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39
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Characterization of Collagen Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues. Vet Sci 2019; 6:vetsci6010022. [PMID: 30832371 PMCID: PMC6466295 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci6010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate collagen (Coll-I, III, IV) and elastin in canine normal prostate and prostate cancer (PC) using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle, and 5% surrounding blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. There was a higher median area of Coll-III in PC when compared to normal prostatic tissue (p = 0.001 for PSR and p = 0.05 for IHC). Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and nerve fibers of normal and PC samples. Although there was no difference in Coll-IV area between normal tissue and PC, tumors with Gleason score 10 showed absence of Coll-IV, when compared to scores 6 and 8 (p = 0.0095). Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples and were statistically higher in PC compared to normal tissue (p = 0.00229). Investigation of ECM components brings new information and should be correlated with prognosis in future studies.
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Bell-Cohn A, Mazur DJ, Hall C, Schaeffer AJ, Thumbikat P. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-induced fibrosis, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms, is associated with type 2 cytokine signaling. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F682-F692. [PMID: 30623726 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00222.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and prostate fibrosis have been identified as contributors to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) pathophysiology in humans. It has been shown that transurethral infection of an Escherichia coli strain named CP1, which was isolated from a patient with chronic prostatitis, can lead to the develop of differential chronic inflammation and pain in certain mouse strains. Therefore, we hypothesized that differential inflammation would influence fibrotic response in the prostate. This study showed that while prostatic infection by CP1 causes the development of chronic tactile allodynia in NOD/ShiltJ (NOD) but not C57BL/6 (B6) mice, both mice developed evidence of prostate inflammation, prostate fibrosis, and urinary dysfunction. Fibrosis was confirmed by the upregulation of fibrosis-associated messenger RNAs (mRNAs), α-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry, and collagen staining with picrosirius red. These findings were mainly focused on the dorsolateral lobes of the prostate. Both mouse strains also developed smaller, more frequent voiding patterns postinfection, examined via cystometry. B6 mice responded to CP1 infection with type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13), while NOD mice did not, which may explain the differing tactile allodynia responses and level of collagen deposition. When mice lacking signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), a transcription factor known to be important for the production and signaling of IL-4 and IL-13, were infected with CP1, fibrosis was attenuated. This study provides a potential model for studying the development of infection-induced prostatic fibrosis and LUTS. This study also demonstrates that CP1-induced prostate fibrosis has a STAT6-dependent mechanism in B6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Bell-Cohn
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel J Mazur
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christel Hall
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anthony J Schaeffer
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Praveen Thumbikat
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
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Jin BR, Kim HJ, Park SK, Kim MS, Lee KH, Yoon IJ, An HJ. Anti-Proliferative Effects of HBX-5 on Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102638. [PMID: 30322186 PMCID: PMC6222778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an age-dependent disorder with a prevalence percentage of 60% in the 60s, has been found to involve an androgenic hormone imbalance that causes confusion between cell apoptosis and proliferation. Because general medications for BPH treatment have undesirable side effects, the development of effective alternative medicines has been considered. HBX-5 is a newly developed formula with the aim of improving BPH, and is composed of nine medicinal herbs. BPH was induced in the rats by intramuscular injection of testosterone propionate after castration. Rats were divided into six groups, and the efficacy of HBX-5 on testosterone-induced BPH in rats was estimated. In addition, RWPE-1 and WPMY-1 cells were used to demonstrate the effect of HBX-5 on BPH in vitro model. Compared with the control group, HBX-5 administration group suppressed BPH manifestations, such as excessive development of prostate, and increase of serum dihydrotestosterone and 5α-reductase concentrations. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that HBX-5 significantly decreased the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In addition, results of RWPE-1 and WPMY-1 cells showed that HBX-5 inhibited the over-expression of AR and PSA in DHT-induced prostate hyperplastic microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea.
| | - Sang-Kyun Park
- Department of Meridian & Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea.
| | - Myoung-Seok Kim
- Central Research Institue of Hawon Pharmaceutical, Jangheung 59338, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Central Research Institue of Hawon Pharmaceutical, Jangheung 59338, Korea.
| | - Il-Joo Yoon
- Central Research Institue of Hawon Pharmaceutical, Jangheung 59338, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea.
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Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI-derived parameters and T2* relaxation time for noninvasive assessment of renal fibrosis: An experimental study in a rabbit model of unilateral ureter obstruction. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 51:104-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ruetten H, Wegner KA, Romero MF, Wood MW, Marker PC, Strand D, Colopy SA, Vezina CM. Prostatic collagen architecture in neutered and intact canines. Prostate 2018; 78:839-848. [PMID: 29740846 PMCID: PMC6356104 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate stiffness and increased collagen content both associate with the presence of urinary symptoms in men but mechanisms responsible, including impact of age and androgens, are unknown. Dogs develop prostate-related urinary dysfunction similar to humans, but mechanisms are also unknown. Mice have been used to examine how prostatic collagen accumulation affects voiding but whether mouse prostatic collagen organization resembles human or dog has not been evaluated. Here, we have constructed the first comprehensive, comparative maps of collagen architecture in canine, human, and mouse prostate and test whether canine prostatic collagen content is increased by aging and reduced by castration. METHODS Complete transverse prostate sections were stained with picrosirius red and imaged with confocal microscopy to reveal and compare collagen architecture across species. Canine prostatic collagen fiber length, diameter, and density in prostatic urethral, periurethral, peripheral, and capsular regions were quantified and compared among four experimental groups: young intact, young neutered, old intact, and old neutered dogs. RESULTS Surprisingly, the majority of collagen was localized to the prostatic urethra in canine, human, and mouse. In canine and human, capsular regions also featured a dense collagen network but it appeared less dense than around prostatic urethra. Older, intact male canines exhibited overall denser prostate collagen fibers and had thicker capsular fibers than young, intact males. Prostatic glandular regions undergo dramatic atrophy and regression following castration, and our finding of neutered animals having increased collagen fiber density in both periurethral and peripheral regions is consistent with glandular contraction and increased proportion of stroma. CONCLUSIONS Collagen architecture in dog appears similar to that in humans when cross sections are compared side-by-side. Canine collagen organization is affected by both age and androgen status, suggesting these factors may contribute to collagen accumulation in some males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ruetten
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- George M. O'Brien Benign Urology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kyle A Wegner
- George M. O'Brien Benign Urology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Michael F Romero
- Physiology & Biomedical Engineering and Nephrology & Hypertension, George M. O'Brien Urology Research Center, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael W Wood
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Paul C Marker
- George M. O'Brien Benign Urology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Douglas Strand
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sara A Colopy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Chad M Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- George M. O'Brien Benign Urology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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Olukole SG, Ajani SO, Ola-Davies EO, Lanipekun DO, Aina OO, Oyeyemi MO, Oke BO. Melatonin ameliorates bisphenol A-induced perturbations of the prostate gland of adult Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:73-82. [PMID: 29843047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been demonstrated to induce alterations in reproductive organs while melatonin (ML), an antioxidant, present in plants and animals, is capable of protecting against EDC-induced alterations. Adult male Wistar rats (average weight, 240 + 10 g) were divided into four groups of ten animals each: Rats in group I (control) received oral 0.2 ml 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/99% canola oil as vehicle; group II received intra-peritoneal 10 mg/kg BW/day ML. Group III received oral BPA dissolved in DMSO and solubilized in canola oil at 10 mg/kg BW/day. Group IV were treated with same dose of BPA as group III with a concomitant intra-peritoneal 10 mg/kg BW/day ML. All treatments lasted for 14 days. BPA significantly increased the prostatic index of the rats while ML ameliorated it. BPA significantly increased serum levels of estrogen as well as prostate-specific antigen but decreased serum testosterone in the rats while concomitant treatment with ML ameliorated these alterations. Also, BPA caused vascular congestion, hyperplasia (functional, reactive and atypical) of prostatic epithelium as well as tubular atrophy the rats while ML attenuated the observed lesions. Decreased localization of αSmooth muscle actin, vimentin and S100 proteins were observed in the BPA-treated rats while these decreases were ameliorated by ML. The present study has shown that sub-acute oral administration of BPA induced alterations in prostatic index, serum hormone levels, down-regulated protein localization and induced morphological lesions of the prostate gland in rats while concomitant treatment with intra-peritoneal ML ameliorated these conditions. Hence, low dose of ML can protect against BPA-induced toxicity of the prostate gland of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gbadebo Olukole
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Samuel Olumide Ajani
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eunice Olufunke Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Bankole Olusiji Oke
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Abstract
Recent evidence has implicated collagen, particularly fibrillar collagen, in a number of diseases ranging from osteogenesis imperfecta and asthma to breast and ovarian cancer. A key property of collagen that has been correlated with disease has been the alignment of collagen fibers. Collagen can be visualized using a variety of imaging techniques including second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, polarized light microscopy, and staining with dyes or antibodies. However, there exists a great need to easily and robustly quantify images from these modalities for individual fibers in specified regions of interest and with respect to relevant boundaries. Most currently available computational tools rely on calculation of pixel-wise orientation or global window-wise orientation that do not directly calculate or give visible fiber-wise information and do not provide relative orientation against boundaries. We describe and detail how to use a freely available, open-source MATLAB software framework that includes two separate but linked packages "CurveAlign" and "CT-FIRE" that can address this need by either directly extracting individual fibers using an improved fiber tracking algorithm or directly finding optimal representation of fiber edges using the curvelet transform. This curvelet-based framework allows the user to measure fiber alignment on a global, region of interest, and fiber basis. Additionally, users can measure fiber angle relative to manually or automatically segmented boundaries. This tool does not require prior experience of programming or image processing and can handle multiple files, enabling efficient quantification of collagen organization from biological datasets.
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Guzzoni V, Ribeiro MBT, Lopes GN, de Cássia Marqueti R, de Andrade RV, Selistre-de-Araujo HS, Durigan JLQ. Effect of Resistance Training on Extracellular Matrix Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle of Older Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:374. [PMID: 29695977 PMCID: PMC5904267 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of connective tissue, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, has been observed in skeletal muscles with advancing age. Resistance training (RT) has been widely recommended to attenuate age-induced sarcopenia, even though its effects on the components that control ECM turnover in skeletal muscles remain to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of RT on connective tissue content and gene expression of key components of ECM in the skeletal muscles of aged rats. Young (3 mo.) and older (21 mo.) adult male Wistar rats were submitted to a RT protocol (ladder climbing with 65, 85, 95, and 100% load), 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Forty-eight hours post-training, the soleus (SOL) and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles were dissected for histological and mRNA analysis. RT mitigated the age-associated increase of connective tissue content in both muscles, even though mRNA levels of COL-1 and−3 were elevated in older trained rats. Overall, RT significantly elevated the gene expression of key components of connective tissue deposition (TGFβ and CTGF; MMP-2 and-9; TIMP-1 and−2) in the GAS and SOL muscles of older rats. In conclusion, RT blunted the age-induced accumulation of connective tissue concomitant to the upregulation of genes related to synthesis and degradation of the ECM network in the SOL and GAS muscles of older rats. Although our findings indicate that RT plays a crucial role reducing connective tissue accumulation in aged hindlimb muscles, key components of ECM turnover were paradoxically elevated. The phenotypic responses induced by RT were not accompanied by the gene expression of those components related to ECM turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoel B T Ribeiro
- Department of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Gisele N Lopes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela V de Andrade
- Graduate Program of Genomics and Proteomics, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - João L Q Durigan
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Garcia AM, Magalhes FL, Soares JS, Junior EP, Lima MFRD, Mamede M, Paula AMD. Second harmonic generation imaging of the collagen architecture in prostate cancer tissue. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaa379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Felix-Patrício B, Miranda AF, Medeiros JL, Gallo CBM, Gregório BM, Souza DB, Costa WS, Sampaio FJB. The prostate after castration and hormone replacement in a rat model: structural and ultrastructural analysis. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 43:957-965. [PMID: 28379662 PMCID: PMC5678530 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate if late hormonal replacement is able to recover the prostatic tissue modified by androgenic deprivation. Materials and Methods: 24 rats were assigned into a Sham group; an androgen deficient group, submitted to bilateral orchiectomy (Orch); and a group submitted to bilateral orchiectomy followed by testosterone replacement therapy (Orch+T). After 60 days from surgery blood was collected for determination of testosterone levels and the ventral prostate was collected for quantitative and qualitative microscopic analysis. The acinar epithelium height, the number of mast cells per field, and the densities of collagen fibers and acinar lumen were analyzed by stereological methods under light microscopy. The muscle fibers and types of collagen fibers were qualitatively assessed by scanning electron microscopy and polarization microscopy. Results: Hormone depletion (in group Orch) and return to normal levels (in group Orch+T) were effective as verified by serum testosterone analysis. The androgen deprivation promoted several alterations in the prostate: the acinar epithelium height diminished from 16.58±0.47 to 11.48±0.29μm; the number of mast cells per field presented increased from 0.45±0.07 to 2.83±0.25; collagen fibers density increased from 5.83±0.92 to 24.70±1.56%; and acinar lumen density decreased from 36.78±2.14 to 16.47±1.31%. Smooth muscle was also increased in Orch animals, and type I collagen fibers became more predominant in these animals. With the exception of the densities of collagen fibers and acinar lumen, in animals receiving testosterone replacement therapy all parameters became statistically similar to Sham. Collagen fibers density became lower and acinar lumen density became higher in Orch+T animals, when compared to Sham. This is the first study to demonstrate a relation between mast cells and testosterone levels in the prostate. This cells have been implicated in prostatic cancer and benign hyperplasia, although its specific role is not understood. Conclusion: Testosterone deprivation promotes major changes in the prostate of rats. The hormonal replacement therapy was effective in reversing these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Felix-Patrício
- Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio das Ostras, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alexandre F Miranda
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Carla B M Gallo
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Bianca M Gregório
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Diogo B Souza
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Waldemar S Costa
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Francisco J B Sampaio
- Urogenital Research Unit, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Jones S, Mann A, Worley MC, Fulford L, Hall D, Karani R, Jiang M, Robbins N, Rubinstein J, Koch SE. The role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 channel in cardiac aging. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017; 29:863-873. [PMID: 27804106 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging heart is characterized by cellular and molecular changes leading to a decline in physiologic function and cardiac remodeling, specifically the development of myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), a stretch-mediated channel and regulator of calcium homeostasis, plays a key role in the function and structure of the heart. TRPV2 also plays an important role in the adaptive and maladaptive compensatory mechanisms of the heart in response to pathologic and exercise-induced stress. Our current study seeks to elucidate the potential role of TRPV2 channels in the regulation of cardiac function in aging. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and TRPV2 functional knockout (FKO) mice were aged out to various time points, and their cardiac function was measured using advanced echocardiography. Furthermore, we histologically analyzed the heart morphology to determine myocyte hypertrophy, the development of fibrosis and the relative expression of TRPV2. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that even though TRPV2-FKO mice have impaired function at baseline, their cardiac function as measured via standard and advanced echocardiographic parameters (ejection fraction, cardiac output and circumferential strain) decreased less with aging in comparison with the WT group. Furthermore, there was less fibrosis and hypertrophy in the TRPV2-FKO group with aging in comparison with the WT. The expression of TRPV2 in the WT group did not significantly change with aging. CONCLUSIONS TRPV2 functional deletion is compatible with aging and associated with a decreased development of myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis. It may be an important target for prevention of age-induced cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Jones
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Adrien Mann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Mariah C Worley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Logan Fulford
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - David Hall
- Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Allied Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Rajiv Karani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Nathan Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Sheryl E Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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50
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Buo AM, Tomlinson RE, Eidelman ER, Chason M, Stains JP. Connexin43 and Runx2 Interact to Affect Cortical Bone Geometry, Skeletal Development, and Osteoblast and Osteoclast Function. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:1727-1738. [PMID: 28419546 PMCID: PMC5550348 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of osteoblasts and osteocytes by connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions permits the sharing of second messengers that coordinate bone cell function and cortical bone acquisition. However, details of how Cx43 converts shared second messengers into signals that converge onto essential osteogenic processes are incomplete. Here, we use in vitro and in vivo methods to show that Cx43 and Runx2 functionally interact to regulate osteoblast gene expression and proliferation, ultimately affecting cortical bone properties. Using compound hemizygous mice for the Gja1 (Cx43) and Runx2 genes, we observed a skeletal phenotype not visible in wild-type or singly hemizygous animals. Cortical bone analysis by micro-computed tomography (μCT) revealed that 8-week-old male, compound Gja1+/- Runx2+/- mice have a marked increase in cross-sectional area, endosteal and periosteal bone perimeter, and an increase in porosity compared to controls. These compound Gja1+/- Runx2+/- mice closely approximate the cortical bone phenotypes seen in osteoblast-specific Gja1-conditional knockout models. Furthermore, μCT analysis of skulls revealed an altered interparietal bone geometry in compound hemizygotes. Consistent with this finding, Alizarin red/Alcian blue staining of 2-day-old Gja1+/- Runx2+/- neonates showed a hypomorphic interparietal bone, an exacerbation of the open fontanelles, and a further reduction in the hypoplastic clavicles compared to Runx2+/- neonates. Expression of osteoblast genes, including osteocalcin, osterix, periostin, and Hsp47, was markedly reduced in tibial RNA extracts from compound hemizygous mice, and osteoblasts from compound hemizygous mice exhibited increased proliferative capacity. Further, the reduced osteocalcin expression and hyperproliferative nature of osteoblasts from Cx43 deficient mice was rescued by Runx2 expression. In summary, these findings provide evidence that Cx43 and Runx2 functionally intersect in vivo to regulate cortical bone properties and affect osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, and likely contributes to aspects of the skeletal phenotype of Cx43 conditional knockout mice. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atum M Buo
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan E Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric R Eidelman
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Max Chason
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph P Stains
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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