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Yamane T, Okumoto T, Tamura T, Oishi Y. Acute ultraviolet B irradiation increases cholesterol and decreases Cyp7a1 expression in the liver of female mice. Lipids 2024. [PMID: 38958246 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation impacts both skin and hepatic functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of UVB irradiation on cholesterol metabolism in the liver. Hairless mice were exposed to UVB (1.6 J/cm2) irradiation. Dorsal skin and liver samples were collected 24 h after exposure. Total RNA was extracted from the skin and liver tissues, and used for DNA microarray analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp7a1 revealed a 4.4-fold decrease in the UVB (+) group compared to that in the UVB (-) group. No differences were observed in the expression of the other genes related to cholesterol metabolism. Additionally, the level of hepatic total cholesterol in the UVB (+) group was significantly higher than in the UVB (-) group. These findings suggest that acute UVB irradiation increases total cholesterol levels and decreases Cyp7a1 expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yamane
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumoto
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tamura
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oishi
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Chakraborty N, Holmes-Hampton GP, Gautam A, Kumar R, Hritzo B, Legesse B, Dimitrov G, Ghosh SP, Hammamieh R. Early to sustained impacts of lethal radiation on circulating miRNAs in a minipig model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18496. [PMID: 37898651 PMCID: PMC10613244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of lethal radiation is imperative since its intervention time windows are considerably short. Hence, ideal diagnostic candidates of radiation should be easily accessible, enable to inform about the stress history and objectively triage subjects in a time-efficient manner. Therefore, the small molecules such as metabolites and microRNAs (miRNAs) from plasma are legitimate biomarker candidate for lethal radiation. Our objectives were to comprehend the radiation-driven molecular pathogenesis and thereby determine biomarkers of translational potential. We investigated an established minipig model of LD70/45 total body irradiation (TBI). In this pilot study, plasma was collected pre-TBI and at multiple time points post-TBI. The majority of differentially expressed miRNAs and metabolites were perturbed immediately after TBI that potentially underlined the severity of its acute impact. The integrative network analysis of miRNA and metabolites showed a cohesive response; the early and consistent perturbations of networks were linked to cancer and the shift in musculoskeletal atrophy synchronized with the comorbidity-networks associated with inflammation and bioenergy synthesis. Subsequent comparative pipeline delivered 92 miRNAs, which demonstrated sequential homology between human and minipig, and potentially similar responses to lethal radiation across these two species. This panel promised to retrospectively inform the time since the radiation occurred; thereby could facilitate knowledge-driven interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Raina Kumar
- The Geneva Foundation, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Bernadette Hritzo
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Betre Legesse
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - George Dimitrov
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Sanchita P Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
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Ali AM, Monaghan C, Muggeridge DJ, Easton C, Watson DG. LC/MS-based discrimination between plasma and urine metabolomic changes following exposure to ultraviolet radiation by using data modelling. Metabolomics 2023; 19:13. [PMID: 36781606 PMCID: PMC9925544 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study sought to compare between metabolomic changes of human urine and plasma to investigate which one can be used as best tool to identify metabolomic profiling and novel biomarkers associated to the potential effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. METHOD A pilot study of metabolomic patterns of human plasma and urine samples from four adult healthy individuals at before (S1) and after (S2) exposure (UV) and non-exposure (UC) were carried out by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS The best results which were obtained by normalizing the metabolites to their mean output underwent to principal components analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to separate pre-from post-of exposure and non-exposure of UV. This separation by data modeling was clear in urine samples unlike plasma samples. In addition to overview of the scores plots, the variance predicted-Q2 (Cum), variance explained-R2X (Cum) and p-value of the cross-validated ANOVA score of PCA and OPLS-DA models indicated to this clear separation. Q2 (Cum) and R2X (Cum) values of PCA model for urine samples were 0.908 and 0.982, respectively, and OPLS-DA model values were 1.0 and 0.914, respectively. While these values in plasma samples were Q2 = 0.429 and R2X = 0.660 for PCA model and Q2 = 0.983 and R2X = 0.944 for OPLS-DA model. LC-MS metabolomic analysis showed the changes in numerous metabolic pathways including: amino acid, lipids, peptides, xenobiotics biodegradation, carbohydrates, nucleotides, Co-factors and vitamins which may contribute to the evaluation of the effects associated with UV sunlight exposure. CONCLUSIONS The results of pilot study indicate that pre and post-exposure UV metabolomics screening of urine samples may be the best tool than plasma samples and a potential approach to predict the metabolomic changes due to UV exposure. Additional future work may shed light on the application of available metabolomic approaches to explore potential predictive markers to determine the impacts of UV sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Muhsen Ali
- College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq.
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161, Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Chris Monaghan
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of theWest of Scotland, Almada Street, Hamilton, Blantyre, ML3 0JB, UK
| | | | - Chris Easton
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of theWest of Scotland, Almada Street, Hamilton, Blantyre, ML3 0JB, UK
| | - David G Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161, Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
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Keskin S, Acikgoz E, Ertürk FY, Ragbetli MC, Ozkol H. Histopathological Changes in Liver and Heart Tissue Associated with Experimental Ultraviolet Radiation A and B Exposure on Wistar Albino Rats. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:132-136. [PMID: 35702999 DOI: 10.1111/php.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the influences of ultraviolet radiation A and B (UVA + B) exposure on the liver and heart organs of albino rats. Female Wistar Albino rats, whose hair of the dorsal skin was shaved, were exposed to a combined UVA + B radiation for 2 h/day, for 4 weeks in order to be compared with the control group. Histopathological findings in vital organs (liver and heart) were evaluated. Tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin (pH = 7.2) and embedded in paraffin. The histopathological findings were examined on the H&E stained sections with light microscopy. The results show that the liver and the heart were injured in the UVA + B group. Liver tissue in the UVA + B group showed minimal vacuolation, enlargement of hepatocytes and bile duct proliferation, and the heart tissue showed hibernomas; uniform large cells resembling brown fat with coarsely granular to multivacuolated cytoplasm that is eosinophilic or pale with a small central nucleus. The number of hibernoma cases was significantly higher in the UVA + B group compared with the control group (P = 0.021). The control group showed normal liver and heart histology with normal adipose tissue in the pericardium. As a result, UVA + B exposure has toxic effects, especially on the liver and the heart of Wistar albino rats. UV radiation may cause such adverse effects in humans. Therefore, protection against the harmful effects of UV radiation is of significant importance for skin and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, Turkey
| | - Eda Acikgoz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Cetin Ragbetli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University School of Medicine, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Halil Ozkol
- Department of Medical Biology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Medical Faculty, Van, Turkey
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Zhong QY, Lin B, Chen YT, Huang YP, Feng WP, Wu Y, Long GH, Zou YN, Liu Y, Lin BQ, Sang NL, Zhan JYX. Gender differences in UV-induced skin inflammation, skin carcinogenesis and systemic damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 81:103512. [PMID: 33096234 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced chronic inflammation contributes to all stages of skin tumor development. In addition, gender plays an important role in inflammatory diseases or cancer. In this study, histopathology changes, hematology, oxidative stress and inflammatory response were used to evaluate sex differences in UV-induced chronic inflammation-associated cancer development. The results showed that the male and female mice had photoaging damage at the 9th week. However, skin tumors only appeared in male mice at 31st week. Furthermore, UV increased ROS production, p65, p-p65, IL-6 and TNF-α protein expressions in skin, and these factors elevated more in male mouse model. Hematology results showed that the parameters of blood systemic inflammation were changed in different degrees in model groups, while the pathological results showed inflammatory cell infiltration in the internal organs of both model groups in varying degrees. These results indicate that there are gender differences in UV-induced skin inflammation, carcinogenesis and systemic damage. Moreover, male mice are more sensitive to UV irradiation, which may be responsible to greater oxidative stress and inflammatory damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yuan Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bing Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yin-Ting Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yin-Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei-Peng Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gui-Hong Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yun-Nan Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bao-Qin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Nian-Li Sang
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Chakraborty N, Gautam A, Holmes-Hampton GP, Kumar VP, Biswas S, Kumar R, Hamad D, Dimitrov G, Olabisi AO, Hammamieh R, Ghosh SP. microRNA and Metabolite Signatures Linked to Early Consequences of Lethal Radiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5424. [PMID: 32214144 PMCID: PMC7096415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lethal total body irradiation (TBI) triggers multifactorial health issues in a potentially short time frame. Hence, early signatures of TBI would be of great clinical value. Our study aimed to interrogate microRNA (miRNA) and metabolites, two biomolecules available in blood serum, in order to comprehend the immediate impacts of TBI. Mice were exposed to a lethal dose (9.75 Gy) of Cobalt-60 gamma radiation and euthanized at four time points, namely, days 1, 3, 7 and 9 post-TBI. Serum miRNA libraries were sequenced using the Illumina small RNA sequencing protocol, and metabolites were screened using a mass spectrometer. The degree of early impacts of irradiation was underscored by the large number of miRNAs and metabolites that became significantly expressed during the Early phase (day 0 and 1 post-TBI). Radiation-induced inflammatory markers for bone marrow aplasia and pro-sepsis markers showed early elevation with longitudinal increment. Functional analysis integrating miRNA-protein-metabolites revealed inflammation as the overarching host response to lethal TBI. Early activation of the network linked to the synthesis of reactive oxygen species was associated with the escalated regulation of the fatty acid metabolism network. In conclusion, we assembled a list of time-informed critical markers and mechanisms of significant translational potential in the context of a radiation exposure event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Vidya P Kumar
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Shukla Biswas
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Raina Kumar
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Dana Hamad
- ORISE, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - George Dimitrov
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Ayodele O Olabisi
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Sanchita P Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
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Levchenko SM, Qu J. Biomolecular Component Analysis of Phospholipids Composition in Live HeLa Cells. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040123. [PMID: 30563051 PMCID: PMC6315881 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of the phospholipid composition within the cell, in particular the ratio between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, can serve as an important biomarker to prognosis of the disease progression (e.g., fatty-liver disease, prostate cancer, or neurodegenerative disorders). Major techniques for lipid analysis in biological samples require a lipid extraction procedure that is not compatible with live cell studies. To address this challenge, we apply microRaman-Biomolecular Component Analysis (BCA) for comparative analysis of phospholipid composition and sensing the saturation degree of fatty acid lipid chain in live HeLa cells and lipids extracted from HeLa cells. After processing raw Raman data, acquired in lipid droplets (LDs) free cytoplasmic area, LDs and extracted lipids with BCA, the lipid component was isolated. Despite the similarity in general profiles of processed Raman spectra acquired in live cells and extracted lipids, some clear differences that reflect diversity in their phospholipids composition were revealed. Furthermore, using the direct relation between the number of double bonds in the fatty acid chain and the intensity ratio of the corresponding Raman bands, the saturation degree of fatty acids was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana M Levchenko
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Dalmau N, Andrieu-Abadie N, Tauler R, Bedia C. Untargeted lipidomic analysis of primary human epidermal melanocytes acutely and chronically exposed to UV radiation. Mol Omics 2018; 14:170-180. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00060c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight has been related to harmful effects on skin such as premature aging and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Dalmau
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | | | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
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Jung ES, Park HM, Hyun SM, Shon JC, Singh D, Liu KH, Whon TW, Bae JW, Hwang JS, Lee CH. The green tea modulates large intestinal microbiome and exo/endogenous metabolome altered through chronic UVB-exposure. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187154. [PMID: 29117187 PMCID: PMC5695601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The attenuating effects of green tea supplements (GTS) against the ultraviolet (UV) radiation induced skin damages are distinguished. However, the concomitant effects of GTS on the large intestinal microbiomes and associated metabolomes are largely unclear. Herein, we performed an integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis to uncover the esoteric links between gut microbiome and exo/endogenous metabolome maneuvered in the large intestine of UVB-exposed mice subjected to dietary GTS. In UVB-exposed mice groups (UVB), class Bacilli and order Bifidobacteriales were observed as discriminant taxa with decreased lysophospholipid levels compared to the unexposed mice groups subjected to normal diet (NOR). Conversely, in GTS fed UVB-exposed mice (U+GTS), the gut-microbiome diversity was greatly enhanced with enrichment in the classes, Clostridia and Erysipelotrichia, as well as genera, Allobaculum and Lachnoclostridium. Additionally, the gut endogenous metabolomes changed with an increase in amino acids, fatty acids, lipids, and bile acids contents coupled with a decrease in nucleobases and carbohydrate levels. The altered metabolomes exhibited high correlations with GTS enriched intestinal microflora. Intriguingly, the various conjugates of green tea catechins viz., sulfated, glucuronided, and methylated ones including their exogenous derivatives were detected from large intestinal contents and liver samples. Hence, we conjecture that the metabolic conversions for the molecular components in GTS strongly influenced the gut micro-environment in UVB-exposed mice groups, ergo modulate their gut-microbiome as well as exo/endogenous metabolomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sung Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Hyun
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Shon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JSH); (CHL)
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JSH); (CHL)
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Lee MY, Kim HY, Singh D, Yeo SH, Baek SY, Park YK, Lee CH. Metabolite Profiling Reveals the Effect of Dietary Rubus coreanus Vinegar on Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in a Rat Model. Molecules 2016; 21:149. [PMID: 26821009 PMCID: PMC6273122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed at exploring the curative effects of Rubus coreanus (RC) vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis by using ovariectomized rats as a model. The investigations were performed in five groups: sham, ovariectomized (OVX) rats without treatment, low-dose RC vinegar (LRV)-treated OVX rats, high-dose RC vinegar (HRV)-treated OVX rats and alendronate (ALEN)-treated OVX rats. The efficacy of RC vinegar was evaluated using physical, biochemical, histological and metabolomic parameters. Compared to the OVX rats, the LRV and HRV groups showed positive effects on the aforementioned parameters, indicating estrogen regulation. Plasma metabolome analysis of the groups using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-TOF-MS (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with multivariate analysis revealed 19 and 16 metabolites, respectively. Notably, the levels of butyric acid, phenylalanine, glucose, tryptophan and some lysophosphatidylcholines were marginally increased in RC vinegar-treated groups compared to OVX. However, the pattern of metabolite levels in RC vinegar-treated groups was found similar to ALEN, but differed significantly from that in sham group. The results highlight the prophylactic and curative potential of dietary vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis. RC vinegar could be an effective natural alternative for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Youn Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Hyang Yeon Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Soo Hwan Yeo
- Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea.
| | - Seong Yeol Baek
- Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea.
| | - Yoo Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 446-791, Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
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Ma Y, Kind T, Vaniya A, Gennity I, Fahrmann JF, Fiehn O. An in silico MS/MS library for automatic annotation of novel FAHFA lipids. J Cheminform 2015; 7:53. [PMID: 26579213 PMCID: PMC4646931 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-015-0104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new lipid class named 'fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids' (FAHFA) was recently discovered in mammalian adipose tissue and in blood plasma and some FAHFAs were found to be associated with type 2 diabetes. To facilitate the automatic annotation of FAHFAs in biological specimens, a tandem mass spectra (MS/MS) library is needed. Due to the limitation of the commercial available standard compounds, we proposed building an in silico MS/MS library to extend the coverage of molecules. RESULTS We developed a computer-generated library with 3267 tandem mass spectra (MS/MS) for 1089 FAHFA species. FAHFA spectra were generated based on authentic standards with negative mode electrospray ionization and 10, 20, and 40 V collision induced dissociation at 4 spectra/s as used in in ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-QTOF mass spectrometry studies. However, positional information of the hydroxyl group is only obtained either at lower QTOF spectra acquisition rates of 1 spectrum/s or at the MS(3) level in ion trap instruments. Therefore, an additional set of 4290 fragment-rich MS/MS spectra was created to enable distinguishing positional FAHFA isomers. The library was generated based on ion fragmentations and ion intensities of FAHFA external reference standards, developing a heuristic model for fragmentation rules and extending these rules to large swaths of computer-generated structures of FAHFAs with varying chain lengths, degrees of unsaturation and hydroxyl group positions. Subsequently, we validated the new in silico library by discovering several new FAHFA species in egg yolk, showing that this library enables high-throughput screening of FAHFA lipids in various biological matrices. CONCLUSIONS The developed library and templates are freely available for commercial or noncommercial use at http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/staff/yanma/fahfa-lipid-library. This in silico MS/MS library allows users to annotate FAHFAs from accurate mass tandem mass spectra in an easy and fast manner with NIST MS Search or PepSearch software. The developing template is provided for advanced users to modify the parameters and export customized libraries according to their instrument features. Graphical abstractExample of experimental and in silico MS/MS spectra for FAHFA lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- UC Davis Genome Center-Metabolomics, Davis, CA USA
| | - Tobias Kind
- UC Davis Genome Center-Metabolomics, Davis, CA USA
| | | | | | | | - Oliver Fiehn
- UC Davis Genome Center-Metabolomics, Davis, CA USA ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Hu Y, Zhang N, Fan Q, Lin M, Zhang C, Fan G, Zhai X, Zhang F, Chen Z, Yao J. Protective efficacy of carnosic acid against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells through the SIRT1 pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:625-31. [PMID: 26059423 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA), found in rosemary, has been reported to have antioxidant and antiadipogenic properties. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism by which CA inhibits hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury in HepG2 cells. Cells were pretreated with 2.5–10 μmol/L CA for 2 h and then exposed to 3 mmol/L H2O2 for an additional 4 h. CA dose-dependently increased cell viability and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activities. Pretreatment with CA completely attenuated the inhibited expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and the B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), and reduced glutathione activity caused by H2O2, whereas it reversed reactive oxygen species accumulation and the increase in cleaved caspase-3. Importantly, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase, was significantly increased by CA. Considering the above results, we hypothesized that SIRT1 may play important roles in the protective effects of CA in injury induced by H2O2. As expected, SIRT1 suppression by Ex527 (6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide) and siRNA-mediated SIRT1 silencing (si-SIRT1) significantly aggravated the H2O2-induced increased level of cleaved caspase-3 but greatly reduced the decreased expression of MnSOD and Bcl-xL. Furthermore, the positive regulatory effect of CA was inhibited by si-SIRT1. Collectively, the present study indicated that CA can alleviate H2O2-induced hepatocyte damage through the SIRT1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Musen Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjun Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People’s Republic of China
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