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Orge I, Nogueira Pinto H, Silva M, Bidarra S, Ferreira S, Calejo I, Masereeuw R, Mihăilă S, Barrias C. Vascular units as advanced living materials for bottom-up engineering of perfusable 3D microvascular networks. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:499-511. [PMID: 38798890 PMCID: PMC11126780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The timely establishment of functional neo-vasculature is pivotal for successful tissue development and regeneration, remaining a central challenge in tissue engineering. In this study, we present a novel (micro)vascularization strategy that explores the use of specialized "vascular units" (VUs) as building blocks to initiate blood vessel formation and create perfusable, stroma-embedded 3D microvascular networks from the bottom-up. We demonstrate that VUs composed of endothelial progenitor cells and organ-specific fibroblasts exhibit high angiogenic potential when embedded in fibrin hydrogels. This leads to the formation of VUs-derived capillaries, which fuse with adjacent capillaries to form stable microvascular beds within a supportive, extracellular matrix-rich fibroblastic microenvironment. Using a custom-designed biomimetic fibrin-based vessel-on-chip (VoC), we show that VUs-derived capillaries can inosculate with endothelialized microfluidic channels in the VoC and become perfused. Moreover, VUs can establish capillary bridges between channels, extending the microvascular network throughout the entire device. When VUs and intestinal organoids (IOs) are combined within the VoC, the VUs-derived capillaries and the intestinal fibroblasts progressively reach and envelop the IOs. This promotes the formation of a supportive vascularized stroma around multiple IOs in a single device. These findings underscore the remarkable potential of VUs as building blocks for engineering microvascular networks, with versatile applications spanning from regenerative medicine to advanced in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.D. Orge
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - H. Nogueira Pinto
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M.A. Silva
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S.J. Bidarra
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S.A. Ferreira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I. Calejo
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R. Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - S.M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - C.C. Barrias
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Link PA, Farkas L, Heise RL. Using extracellular matrix derived from sugen-chronic hypoxia lung tissue to study pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1192798. [PMID: 37731734 PMCID: PMC10507686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1192798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension has characteristic changes to the mechanical environment, extracellular matrix, and cellular proliferation. In order to develop a culture system to investigate extracellular matrix (ECM) compositional-dependent changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension, we decellularized and characterized protein and lipid profiles from healthy and Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia rat lungs. Significant changes in lipid profiles were observed in intact Sugen-Hypoxia lungs compared with healthy controls. Decellularized lung matrix retained lipids in measurable quantities in both healthy and Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia samples. Proteomics revealed significantly changed proteins associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in the decellularized Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia lung ECM. We then investigated the potential role of healthy vs. Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM with controlled substrate stiffness to determine if the ECM composition regulated endothelial cell morphology and phenotype. CD117+ rat lung endothelial cell clones were plated on the variable stiffness gels and cellular proliferation, morphology, and gene expression were quantified. Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM on healthy stiffness gels produced significant changes in cellular gene expression levels of Bmp2, Col1α1, Col3α1 and Fn1. The signaling and cell morphology observed at low substrate stiffness suggests early changes to the ECM composition can initiate processes associated with disease progression. These data suggest that Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM can be used to investigate cell-ECM interactions relevant to pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A. Link
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Shams S, Stilhano RS, Silva EA. Harnessing EGLN1 Gene Editing to Amplify HIF-1α and Enhance Human Angiogenic Response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.29.542734. [PMID: 37398294 PMCID: PMC10312464 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.29.542734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis has been the focus of hundreds of clinical trials but approval for human treatment remains elusive. Current strategies often rely on the upregulation of a single proangiogenic factor, which fails to recapitulate the complex response needed in hypoxic tissues. Hypoxic oxygen tensions dramatically decrease the activity of hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), the primary oxygen sensing portion of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) proangiogenic master regulatory pathway. Repressing PHD2 activity increases intracellular levels of HIF-1α and impacts the expression of hundreds of downstream genes directly associated with angiogenesis, cell survival, and tissue homeostasis. This study explores activating the HIF-1α pathway through Sp Cas9 knockout of the PHD2 encoding gene EGLN1 as an innovative in situ therapeutic angiogenesis strategy for chronic vascular diseases. Our findings demonstrate that even low editing rates of EGLN1 lead to a strong proangiogenic response regarding proangiogenic gene transcription, protein production, and protein secretion. In addition, we show that secreted factors of EGLN1 edited cell cultures may enhance human endothelial cell neovascularization activity in the context of proliferation and motility. Altogether, this study reveals that EGLN1 gene editing shows promise as a potential therapeutic angiogenesis strategy.
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4
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Kim HJ, Kim G, Chi KY, Kim JH. In Vitro Generation of Luminal Vasculature in Liver Organoids: From Basic Vascular Biology to Vascularized Hepatic Organoids. Int J Stem Cells 2022; 16:1-15. [PMID: 36310029 PMCID: PMC9978835 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc22154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver organoids have gained much attention in recent years for their potential applications to liver disease modeling and pharmacologic drug screening. Liver organoids produced in vitro reflect some aspects of the in vivo physiological and pathological conditions of the liver. However, the generation of liver organoids with perfusable luminal vasculature remains a major challenge, hindering precise and effective modeling of liver diseases. Furthermore, vascularization is required for large organoids or assembloids to closely mimic the complexity of tissue architecture without cell death in the core region. A few studies have successfully generated liver organoids with endothelial cell networks, but most of these vascular networks produced luminal structures after being transplanted into tissues of host animals. Therefore, formation of luminal vasculature is an unmet need to overcome the limitation of liver organoids as an in vitro model investigating different acute and chronic liver diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the unique features of hepatic vasculature under pathophysiological conditions and summarize the biochemical and biophysical cues that drive vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. We also highlight recent progress in generating vascularized liver organoids in vitro and discuss potential strategies that may enable the generation of perfusable luminal vasculature in liver organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeongmin Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyun Yoo Chi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea,Correspondence to Jong-Hoon Kim, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea, Tel: +82-2-3290-3007, Fax: +82-2-3290-3040, E-mail:
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5
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Tran KA, Baldwin-Leclair A, DeOre BJ, Antisell M, Galie PA. Oxygen gradients dictate angiogenesis but not barriergenesis in a 3D brain microvascular model. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3872-3882. [PMID: 35901247 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A variety of biophysical properties are known to regulate angiogenic sprouting, and in vitro systems can parse the individual effects of these factors in a controlled setting. Here, a three-dimensional brain microvascular model interrogates how variables including extracellular matrix composition, fluid shear stress, and radius of curvature affect angiogenic sprouting of cerebral endothelial cells. Tracking endothelial migration over several days reveals that application of fluid shear stress and enlarged vessel radius of curvature both attenuate sprouting. Computational modeling informed by oxygen consumption assays suggests that sprouting correlates to reduced oxygen concentration: both fluid shear stress and vessel geometry alter the local oxygen levels dictated by both ambient conditions and cellular respiration. Moreover, increasing cell density and consequently lowering the local oxygen levels yields significantly more sprouting. Further analysis reveals that the magnitude of oxygen concentration is not as important as its spatial concentration gradient: decreasing ambient oxygen concentration causes significantly less sprouting than applying an external oxygen gradient to the vessels. In contrast, barriergenesis is dictated by shear stress independent of local oxygen concentrations, suggesting that different mechanisms mediate angiogenesis and barrier formation and that angiogenic sprouting can occur without compromising the barrier. Overall, these results improve our understanding of how specific biophysical variables regulate the function and activation of cerebral vasculature, and identify spatial oxygen gradients as the driving factor of angiogenesis in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiet A Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Brandon J DeOre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Morgan Antisell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Peter A Galie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Ribieras AJ, Ortiz YY, Li Y, Huerta CT, Le N, Shao H, Vazquez-Padron RI, Liu ZJ, Velazquez OC. E-Selectin/AAV2/2 Gene Therapy Alters Angiogenesis and Inflammatory Gene Profiles in Mouse Gangrene Model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:929466. [PMID: 35783833 PMCID: PMC9243393 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.929466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia and limited revascularization options, alternate means for therapeutic angiogenesis and limb salvage are needed. E-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule that is critical for inflammation and neovascularization in areas of wound healing and ischemia. Here, we tested the efficacy of modifying ischemic limb tissue by intramuscular administration of E-selectin/AAV2/2 (adeno-associated virus serotype 2/2) to modulate angiogenic and inflammatory responses in a murine hindlimb gangrene model. Limb appearance, reperfusion, and functional recovery were assessed for 3 weeks after induction of ischemia. Mice receiving E-selectin/AAV2/2 gene therapy had reduced gangrene severity, increased limb and footpad perfusion, enhanced recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells, and improved performance on treadmill testing compared to control group. Histologically, E-selectin/AAV2/2 gene therapy was associated with increased vascularity and preserved myofiber integrity. E-selectin/AAV2/2 gene therapy also upregulated a panel of pro-angiogenic genes yet downregulated another group of genes associated with the inflammatory response. This novel gene therapy did not induce adverse effects on coagulability, or hematologic, hepatic, and renal function. Our findings highlight the potential of E-selectin/AAV2/2 gene therapy for improving limb perfusion and function in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine J. Ribieras
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Yulexi Y. Ortiz
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carlos T. Huerta
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nga Le
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Hongwei Shao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roberto I. Vazquez-Padron
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Zhao-Jun Liu
| | - Omaida C. Velazquez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Omaida C. Velazquez
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7
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Duan M, Gao P, Chen SX, Novák P, Yin K, Zhu X. Sphingosine-1-phosphate in mitochondrial function and metabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13426. [PMID: 35122459 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite. The past decade has witnessed exponential growth in the field of S1P research, partly attributed to drugs targeting its receptors or kinases. Accumulating evidence indicates that changes in the S1P axis (i.e., S1P production, transport, and receptors) may modify metabolism and eventually mediate metabolic diseases. Dysfunction of the mitochondria on a master monitor of cellular metabolism is considered the leading cause of metabolic diseases, with aberrations typically induced by abnormal biogenesis, respiratory chain complex disorders, reactive oxygen species overproduction, calcium deposition, and mitophagy impairment. Accordingly, we discuss decades of investigation into changes in the S1P axis and how it controls mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we summarize recent scientific advances in disorders associated with the S1P axis and their involvement in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases in humans, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, from the perspective of mitochondrial function. Finally, we review potential challenges and prospects for S1P axis application to the regulation of mitochondrial function and metabolic diseases; these data may provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Duan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Petr Novák
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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8
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Assis JLD, Fernandes AM, Aniceto BS, Fernandes da Costa PP, Banchio C, Girardini J, Vieyra A, Valverde RRHF, Einicker‐Lamas M. Sphingosine 1‐Phosphate Prevents Human Embryonic Stem Cell Death Following Ischemic Injury. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane L. de Assis
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Aline M. Fernandes
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Bárbara S. Aniceto
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Pedro P. Fernandes da Costa
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Claudia Banchio
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Rosário Rosário Argentina
| | - Javier Girardini
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Rosário Rosário Argentina
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Laboratório de Físico‐Química Biológica Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Rafael R. H. F. Valverde
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Marcelo Einicker‐Lamas
- Laboratório de Biomembranas Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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9
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Engineering injectable vascularized tissues from the bottom-up: Dynamics of in-gel extra-spheroid dermal tissue assembly. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121222. [PMID: 34736148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Modular tissue engineering approaches open up exciting perspectives for the biofabrication of vascularized tissues from the bottom-up, using micro-sized units such as spheroids as building blocks. While several techniques for 3D spheroid formation from multiple cell types have been reported, strategies to elicit the extra-spheroid assembly of complex vascularized tissues are still scarce. Here we describe an injectable approach to generate vascularized dermal tissue, as an example application, from spheroids combining fibroblasts and endothelial progenitors (OEC) in a xeno-free (XF) setting. Short-term cultured spheroids (1 day) were selected over mature spheroids (7 days), as they showed significantly higher angiogenic sprouting potential. Embedding spheroids in fibrin was crucial for triggering cell migration into the external milieu, while providing a 3D framework for in-gel extra-spheroid morphogenesis. Migrating fibroblasts proliferated and produced endogenous ECM forming a dense tissue, while OEC self-assembled into stable capillaries with lumen and basal lamina. Massive in vitro interconnection between sprouts from neighbouring spheroids rapidly settled an intricate vascular plexus. Upon injection into the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos, fibrin-entrapped pre-vascularized XF spheroids developed into a macrotissue with evident host vessel infiltration. After only 4 days, perfused chimeric capillaries with human cells were present in proximal areas, showing fast and functional inosculation between host and donor vessels. This method for generating dense vascularized tissue from injectable building blocks is clinically relevant and potentially useful for a range of applications.
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10
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Isolating and characterizing lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells for potential therapeutic lymphangiogenic applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:191-202. [PMID: 34384911 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic dysfunction is associated with the progression of several vascular disorders, though currently, there are limited strategies to promote new lymphatic vasculature (i.e., lymphangiogenesis) to restore lost lymphatic function. One promising approach to stimulate lymphangiogenesis involves delivering endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are naturally involved in de novo blood vessel formation and have recently been identified to include a lymphatic subpopulation. However, the contribution of lymphatic EPCs in lymphangiogenesis is not clear and challenges with maintaining the activity of transplanted EPCs remain. Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate lymphatic EPCs from human umbilical cord blood and characterize their role in the initial stages of blood or lymphatic vasculature formation. Furthermore, this study also tested the applicability of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs for a possible therapeutic application. We postulated and confirmed that blood and lymphatic EPC colonies could be isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Additionally, EPC populations responded to either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic growth factors and could stimulate their respective mature endothelial cells in vasculature models in vitro. Finally, lymphatic EPCs maintained their ability to promote lymphatic sprouts after prolonged interactions with the alginate hydrogel microenvironment. These results suggest EPCs have both a blood and a lymphatic population that have specific roles in promoting revascularization and highlight the potential of alginate hydrogels for the delivery of lymphatic EPCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite the potential therapeutic benefit of promoting lymphatic vasculature, lymphangiogenesis remains understudied. One appealing strategy for promoting lymphangiogenesis involves delivering lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a subpopulation of EPCs involved in de novo vessel formation. Here, we investigate the role of isolated blood and lymphatic EPC subpopulations in promoting the early stages of vascularization and the utility of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs. We determined that EPCs had two populations that expressed either blood or lymphatic markers, could stimulate their respective mature vasculature in tissue constructs and that alginate hydrogels maintained the therapeutic potential of lymphatic EPCs. We anticipate this work could support promising biomaterial applications of EPCs to promote revascularization, which could have many therapeutic applications.
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11
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Atrioventricular block after fingolimod resumption: a consequence of sphingosine-1-phosphate axis alteration due to COVID-19? J Neurol 2021; 268:3975-3979. [PMID: 33852086 PMCID: PMC8045443 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns raised regarding the use of immunosuppressants in multiple sclerosis, even if current data do not support an increased risk of infection. Although fingolimod can be temporarily suspended during COVID-19, the benefit-risk balance of suspension can be challenging. Till now, no adverse events have been described after the resumption of fingolimod, following a previous discontinuation. We report the occurrence of atrioventricular block following fingolimod restart. Fingolimod acts on sphingosine-1-phosphate-axis, a pathway that is altered with COVID-19 and hypoxic conditions. Herein we discuss how these metabolic changes may have influenced fingolimod pharmacology leading to a cardiac event.
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12
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Fan X, Liu L, Shi Y, Guo F, He X, Zhao X, Zhong D, Li G. Recent advances of the function of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor S1P3. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1564-1578. [PMID: 33410533 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Known as a variety of sphingolipid metabolites capable of performing various biological activities, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is commonly found in platelets, red blood cells, neutrophils, lymph fluid, and blood, as well as other cells and body fluids. S1P comprises five receptors, namely, S1P1-S1P5, with the distribution of S1P receptors exhibiting tissue selectivity to some degree. S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3 are extensively expressed in a wide variety of different tissues. The expression of S1P4 is restricted to lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues, while S1P5 is primarily expressed in the nervous system. S1P3 plays an essential role in the pathophysiological processes related to inflammation, cell proliferation, cell migration, tumor invasion and metastasis, ischemia-reperfusion, tissue fibrosis, and vascular tone. In this paper, the relevant mechanism in the role of S1P3 is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanghan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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13
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Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) can regulate several physiological and pathological processes. S1P signaling via its cell surface receptor S1PR1 has been shown to enhance tumorigenesis and stimulate growth, expansion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and survival of cancer cells. S1PR1-mediated tumorigenesis is supported and amplified by activation of downstream effectors including STAT3, interleukin-6, and NF-κB networks. S1PR1 signaling can also trigger various other signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis including activation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK1/2, Rac, and PKC/Ca, as well as suppression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). It also induces immunological tolerance in the tumor microenvironment, while the immunosuppressive function of S1PR1 can also lead to the generation of pre-metastatic niches. Some tumor cells upregulate S1PR1 signaling pathways, which leads to drug resistant cancer cells, mainly through activation of STAT3. This signaling pathway is also implicated in some inflammatory conditions leading to the instigation of inflammation-driven cancers. Furthermore, it can also increase survival via induction of anti-apoptotic pathways, for instance, in breast cancer cells. Therefore, S1PR1 and its signaling pathways can be considered as potential anti-tumor therapeutic targets, alone or in combination therapies. Given the oncogenic nature of S1PR1 and its distribution in a variety of cancer cell types along with its targeting advantages over other molecules of this family, S1PR1 should be considered a favorable target in therapeutic approaches to cancer. This review describes the role of S1PR1 in cancer development and progression, specifically addressing breast cancer, glioma, and hematopoietic malignancies. We also discuss the potential use of S1P signaling modulators as therapeutic targets in cancer therapy.
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Vorwald CE, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Joshee S, Sikorski P, Leach JK. Tunable fibrin-alginate interpenetrating network hydrogels to support cell spreading and network formation. Acta Biomater 2020; 108:142-152. [PMID: 32173582 PMCID: PMC7198331 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are effective platforms for use as artificial extracellular matrices, cell carriers, and to present bioactive cues. Two common natural polymers, fibrin and alginate, are broadly used to form hydrogels and have numerous advantages over synthetic materials. Fibrin is a provisional matrix containing native adhesion motifs for cell engagement, yet the interplay between mechanical properties, degradation, and gelation rate is difficult to decouple. Conversely, alginate is highly tunable yet bioinert and requires modification to present necessary adhesion ligands. To address these challenges, we developed a fibrin-alginate interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel to combine the desirable adhesion and stimulatory characteristics of fibrin with the tunable mechanical properties of alginate. We tested its efficacy by examining capillary network formation with entrapped co-cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). We manipulated thrombin concentration and alginate crosslinking density independently to modulate the fibrin structure, mesh size, degradation, and biomechanical properties of these constructs. In IPNs of lower stiffness, we observed a significant increase in total cell area (1.7 × 105 ± 7.9 × 104 µm2) and decrease in circularity (0.56 ± 0.03) compared to cells encapsulated in stiffer IPNs (4.0 × 104 ± 1.5 × 104 µm2 and 0.77 ± 0.09, respectively). Fibrinogen content did not influence capillary network formation. However, higher fibrinogen content led to greater retention of these networks confirmed via increased spreading and presence of F-actin at 7 days. This is an elegant platform to decouple cell adhesion and hydrogel bulk stiffness that will be broadly useful for cell instruction and delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels are widely used as drug and cell delivery vehicles and as artificial extracellular matrices to study cellular responses. However, there are limited opportunities to simultaneously control mechanical properties and degradation while mimicking the complex native adhesion motifs and ligands known to encourage cell engagement with the hydrogel. In this study, we describe a fibrin-alginate interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel designed to balance the compliance and provisional qualities of fibrin with the mechanical stability and tunability of alginate to interrogate these contributions on cell response. We used clinically relevant cell sources, a co-culture of endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, to test its efficacy in supporting capillary formation in vitro. These data demonstrate the promise of this IPN for use in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Vorwald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Shreeya Joshee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Pawel Sikorski
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Hao D, Fan Y, Xiao W, Liu R, Pivetti C, Walimbe T, Guo F, Zhang X, Farmer DL, Wang F, Panitch A, Lam KS, Wang A. Rapid endothelialization of small diameter vascular grafts by a bioactive integrin-binding ligand specifically targeting endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 108:178-193. [PMID: 32151698 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Establishing and maintaining a healthy endothelium on vascular and intravascular devices is crucial for the prevention of thrombosis and stenosis. Generating a biofunctional surface on vascular devices to recruit endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) has proven efficient in promoting in situ endothelialization. However, molecules conventionally used for EPC/EC capturing generally lack structural stability, capturing specificity, and biological functionalities, which have limited their applications. Discovery of effective, specific, and structurally stable EPC/EC capturing ligands is desperately needed. Using the high-throughput One-Bead One-Compound combinatorial library screening technology, we recently identified a disulfide cyclic octa-peptide LXW7 (cGRGDdvc), which possesses strong binding affinity and functionality to EPCs/ECs, weak binding to platelets, and no binding to inflammatory cells. Because LXW7 is cyclic and 4 out of the 8 amino acids are unnatural D-amino acids, LXW7 is highly proteolytically stable. In this study, we applied LXW7 to modify small diameter vascular grafts using a Click chemistry approach. In vitro studies demonstrated that LXW7-modified grafts significantly improved EPC attachment, proliferation and endothelial differentiation and suppressed platelet attachment. In a rat carotid artery bypass model, LXW7 modification of the small diameter vascular grafts significantly promoted EPC/EC recruitment and rapidly achieved endothelialization. At 6 weeks after implantation, LXW7-modified grafts retained a high patency of 83%, while the untreated grafts had a low patency of 17%. Our results demonstrate that LXW7 is a potent EPC/EC capturing and platelet suppressing ligand and LXW7-modified vascular grafts rapidly generate a healthy and stable endothelial interface between the graft surface and the circulation to reduce thrombosis and improve patency. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, One-Bead One-Compound (OBOC) technology has been applied for the first time in discovering bioactive ligands for tissue regeneration applications. Current molecules used to modify artificial vascular grafts generally lack EPC/EC capturing specificity, biological functionalities and structural stability. Using OBOC technology, we identified LXW7, a constitutionally stable disulfide cyclic octa-peptide with strong binding affinity and biological functionality to EPCs/ECs, very weak binding to platelets and no binding to inflammatory cells. These characteristics are crucial for promoting rapid endothelialization to prevent thrombosis and improve patency of vascular grafts. LXW7 coating technology could be applied to a wide range of vascular and intravascular devices, including grafts, stents, cardiac valves, and catheters, where a "living" endothelium and healthy blood interface are needed.
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Vorwald CE, Joshee S, Leach JK. Spatial localization of endothelial cells in heterotypic spheroids influences Notch signaling. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:425-435. [PMID: 32020237 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutic approaches are an exciting strategy to replenish compromised endothelial cell (EC) populations that contribute to impaired vasculogenesis. Co-cultures of ECs and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can enhance neovascularization over ECs alone, but the efficacy of cells is limited by rapid cell death upon implantation. Co-culture spheroids exhibit improved survival compared with monodisperse cells, yet little is known about the influence of spatial regulation of ECs within co-culture spheroids. We hypothesized that EC sprouting from co-culture spheroids is a function of EC spatial localization. We formed co-culture spheroids containing ECs and MSCs in two formats: ECs uniformly distributed throughout the spheroid (i.e., mixed) or seeded on the perimeter of the MSC core (i.e., shell). Qualitative observations suggested increased vasculogenesis for mixed co-culture spheroids compared with shell conformations as early as day 3, yet quantitative metrics did not reveal significant differences in network formation between these 3D structures. Notch3 expression demonstrated significant increases in cell-cell communication in mixed conformations compared with shell counterparts. Furthermore, knockdown of Notch3 in MSCs abrogated the vasculogenic potential of mixed spheroids, supporting its role in promoting EC-MSC contacts. This study highlights the direct impact of EC-MSC contacts on sprouting and provides insight to improve the quality of network formation. KEY MESSAGES: • Endothelial cell (EC) localization can be controlled in co-culture EC-MSC spheroids. • Mixed spheroids exhibit consistent networks compared to shell counterparts. • Differences in NOTCH3 were observed between mixed and shell spheroids. • NOTCH3 may be a necessary target for improved vasculogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Vorwald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shreeya Joshee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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17
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Torres A, Bidarra S, Vasconcelos D, Barbosa J, Silva E, Nascimento D, Barrias C. Microvascular engineering: Dynamic changes in microgel-entrapped vascular cells correlates with higher vasculogenic/angiogenic potential. Biomaterials 2020; 228:119554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Schneider G. S1P Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:129-153. [PMID: 32030688 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), together with other phosphosphingolipids, has been found to regulate complex cellular function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) where it acts as a signaling molecule that participates in cell-cell communication. S1P, through intracellular and extracellular signaling, was found to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and metastasis; it also regulates anticancer immune response, modulates inflammation, and promotes angiogenesis. Interestingly, cancer cells are capable of releasing S1P and thus modifying the behavior of the TME components in a way that contributes to tumor growth and progression. Therefore, S1P is considered an important therapeutic target, and several anticancer therapies targeting S1P signaling are being developed and tested in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Schneider
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Kashiwazaki D, Koh M, Uchino H, Akioka N, Kuwayama N, Noguchi K, Kuroda S. Hypoxia accelerates intraplaque neovascularization derived from endothelial progenitor cells in carotid stenosis. J Neurosurg 2019; 131:884-891. [PMID: 30485214 DOI: 10.3171/2018.4.jns172876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between intraplaque hypoxia and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) has been reported, but the details remain obscure. In this study, the authors aimed to clarify the relationship among intraplaque hypoxia, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and neovascularization, which causes IPH. The histological findings of specimens obtained from carotid endarterectomy were assessed. METHODS This study included 49 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. Magnetic resonance plaque imaging was performed to analyze the components of the carotid plaques, and surgical specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The numbers of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)-, CD34-, CD133-, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2)-positive cells in the carotid plaques were precisely quantified, as were the number and maximum diameter of CD31-positive microvessels. RESULTS Plaque components were judged as fibrous in 7 samples, lipid-rich in 22, and IPH in 20. The number of CD34-, VEGFR-2-, and CD133-positive cells as an EPC-specific marker was significantly correlated with the number of HIF-1α-positive cells (r = 0.9, r = 0.82, and r = 0.81, respectively). These numbers varied among the 3 plaque components (IPH > lipid-rich > fibrous). The number and maximum luminal diameter of CD31-positive microvessels were also significantly correlated with the number of HIF-1α-positive cells (r = 0.85 and r = 0.89, respectively) and varied among the 3 plaque components (IPH > lipid-rich > fibrous). CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that intraplaque hypoxia may accelerate abnormal microvessel formation derived from EPCs, which in turn promotes IPH. The results also suggest that microvessel enlargement is a pivotal characteristic of IPH and these enlarged microvessels are immature endothelial tubes with disorganized branching and are fragile and prone to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyo Noguchi
- 2Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
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20
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Guan Y, Li X, Umetani M, Boini KM, Li PL, Zhang Y. Tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline inhibits autophagic flux and prevents tube formation in vascular endothelial cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 124:370-384. [PMID: 30311396 PMCID: PMC6226027 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant and an inhibitor of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Amitriptyline is well known for its cardiovascular side effects and toxicity in psychiatric patients. However, the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular side effects of amitriptyline remain largely undefined. This study aimed to determine the effects of amitriptyline on angiogenic capability of vascular endothelial cells in physiological settings and identify its mechanism of action. The ex vivo aortic ring angiogenesis and in vitro-cultured endothelial cell tube formation assay were used to assess the effects of amitriptyline on endothelial angiogenic capability. It was demonstrated that amitriptyline impaired the angiogenesis of aortic rings, which was similar to that found in aortic rings with haploinsufficiency of the ASM gene. In cultured mouse microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs), amitriptyline impaired the proliferation and tube formation under basal condition, which were accompanied by attenuated angiogenic signalling pathways such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, Akt and Erk1/2 pathways. Mechanistically, amitriptyline inhibited autophagic flux without affecting autophagosome biogenesis at basal condition. ASM gene silencing or autophagy inhibition mimics the inhibitory effects of amitriptyline on endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation. Collectively, our data suggest that amitriptyline inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via blockade of ASM-autophagic flux axis. It is implicated that the cardiovascular side effects of amitriptyline may be associated with its inhibitory action on physiological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Guan
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krishna M. Boini
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Nox1/Ref-1-mediated activation of CREB promotes Gremlin1-driven endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Redox Biol 2019; 22:101138. [PMID: 30802716 PMCID: PMC6395885 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex degenerative disorder marked by aberrant vascular remodeling associated with hyperproliferation and migration of endothelial cells (ECs). Previous reports implicated bone morphogenetic protein antagonist Gremlin 1 in this process; however, little is known of the molecular mechanisms involved. The current study was designed to test whether redox signaling initiated by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) could promote transcription factor CREB activation by redox factor 1 (Ref-1), transactivation of Gremlin1 transcription, EC migration, and proliferation. Human pulmonary arterial EC (HPAECs) exposed in vitro to hypoxia to recapitulate PAH signaling displayed induced Nox1 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, PKA activity, CREB phosphorylation, and CREB:CRE motif binding. These responses were abrogated by selective Nox1 inhibitor NoxA1ds and/or siRNA Nox1. Nox1-activated CREB migrated to the nucleus and bound to Ref-1 leading to CREB:CRE binding and Gremlin1 transcription. CHiP assay and CREB gene-silencing illustrated that CREB is pivotal for hypoxia-induced Gremlin1, which, in turn, stimulates EC proliferation and migration. In vivo, participation of Nox1, CREB, and Gremlin1, as well as CREB:CRE binding was corroborated in a rat PAH model. Activation of a previously unidentified Nox1-PKA-CREB/Ref-1 signaling pathway in pulmonary endothelial cells leads to Gremlin1 transactivation, proliferation and migration. These findings reveal a new signaling pathway by which Nox1 via induction of CREB and Gremlin1 signaling contributes to vascular remodeling and provide preclinical indication of its significance in PAH.
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22
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Palangi A, Shakhssalim N, Parvin M, Bayat S, Allameh A. Differential expression of S1P receptor subtypes in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1240-1249. [PMID: 30712233 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), S1P receptors (S1PRs) and their signaling pathways play an important role in the fate of cancer cells. The expression pattern of S1PR subtypes (S1PR1-S1PR5) may alter in cancer development stages, depending on the origin and the pathologic features of tumors. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between plasma S1P levels and the expression of S1PR subtypes in bladder tumors. METHODS/PATIENTS These changes were evaluated in terms of the pathologic grades and stages of human bladder cancer samples. For this, tumor biopsies from 41 new bladder cancer patients as well as 26 normal-looking bladder tissues were collected and processed for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR of S1PR subtypes. Plasma S1P level was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS The results show that tissue S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3 are over-expressed in all tumors regardless of their pathological grade (~ 3, ~ 6 and ~ 104 folds, respectively). These results were corroborated by IHC data showing accumulation of S1PR subtypes 1 and 2 in the tissues. Plasma S1P in the plasma samples from patients was in the range of control samples (Controls; 256 ± 47; patients, 270 ± 41). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3 in bladder tumor biopsies which were corroborated with the pathological grades and stages may suggest that S1PR profile in tumor biopsies is a promising marker in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Palangi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Shakhssalim
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Parvin
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Bayat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Payam Noor University Tehran Unit, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Campbell KT, Stilhano RS, Silva EA. Enzymatically degradable alginate hydrogel systems to deliver endothelial progenitor cells for potential revasculature applications. Biomaterials 2018; 179:109-121. [PMID: 29980073 PMCID: PMC6746553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design an injectable biomaterial system that becomes porous in situ to deliver and control vascular progenitor cell release. Alginate hydrogels were loaded with outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) and alginate lyase, an enzyme which cleaves alginate polymer chains. We postulated and confirmed that higher alginate lyase concentrations mediated loss of hydrogel mechanical properties. Hydrogels incorporating 5 and 50 mU/mL of alginate lyase experienced approximately 28% and 57% loss of mass as well as 81% and 91% reduction in storage modulus respectively after a week. Additionally, computational methods and mechanical analysis revealed that hydrogels with alginate lyase significantly increased in mesh size over time. Furthermore, alginate lyase was not found to inhibit OEC proliferation, viability or sprouting potential. Finally, alginate hydrogels incorporating OECs and alginate lyase promoted up to nearly a 10 fold increase in OEC migration in vitro than nondegradable hydrogels over the course of a week and increased functional vasculature in vivo via a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Overall, these findings demonstrate that alginate lyase incorporated hydrogels can provide a simple and robust system to promote controlled outward cell migration into native tissue for potential therapeutic revascularization applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Roberta S Stilhano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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Ng ML, Yarla NS, Menschikowski M, Sukocheva OA. Regulatory role of sphingosine kinase and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling in progenitor/stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2018; 10:119-133. [PMID: 30310531 PMCID: PMC6177561 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v10.i9.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced sphingolipid signaling is important for the maintenance of homeostasis. Sphingolipids were demonstrated to function as structural components, second messengers, and regulators of cell growth and survival in normal and disease-affected tissues. Particularly, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) operate as mediators and facilitators of proliferation-linked signaling. Unlimited proliferation (self-renewal) within the regulated environment is a hallmark of progenitor/stem cells that was recently associated with the S1P signaling network in vasculature, nervous, muscular, and immune systems. S1P was shown to regulate progenitor-related characteristics in normal and cancer stem cells (CSCs) via G-protein coupled receptors S1Pn (n = 1 to 5). The SphK/S1P axis is crucially involved in the regulation of embryonic development of vasculature and the nervous system, hematopoietic stem cell migration, regeneration of skeletal muscle, and development of multiple sclerosis. The ratio of the S1P receptor expression, localization, and specific S1P receptor-activated downstream effectors influenced the rate of self-renewal and should be further explored as regeneration-related targets. Considering malignant transformation, it is essential to control the level of self-renewal capacity. Proliferation of the progenitor cell should be synchronized with differentiation to provide healthy lifelong function of blood, immune systems, and replacement of damaged or dead cells. The differentiation-related role of SphK/S1P remains poorly assessed. A few pioneering investigations explored pharmacological tools that target sphingolipid signaling and can potentially confine and direct self-renewal towards normal differentiation. Further investigation is required to test the role of the SphK/S1P axis in regulation of self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li Ng
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Nagendra S Yarla
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mario Menschikowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden D-01307, Germany
| | - Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park SA 5042, Australia
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Sukocheva OA. Expansion of Sphingosine Kinase and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Function in Normal and Cancer Cells: From Membrane Restructuring to Mediation of Estrogen Signaling and Stem Cell Programming. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020420. [PMID: 29385066 PMCID: PMC5855642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes, and their receptors network are being recognized as part of the signaling mechanisms, which govern breast cancer cell growth, migration, and survival during chemotherapy treatment. Approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and, thus, rely on estrogen signaling. Estrogen activates an intracellular network composed of many cytoplasmic and nuclear mediators. Some estrogen effects can be mediated by sphingolipids. Estrogen activates sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and amplifies the intracellular concentration of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in breast cancer cells during stimulation of proliferation and survival. Specifically, Estrogen activates S1P receptors (S1PR) and induces growth factor receptor transactivation. SphK, S1P, and S1PR expression are causally associated with endocrine resistance and progression to advanced tumor stages in ER-positive breast cancers in vivo. Recently, the network of SphK/S1PR was shown to promote the development of ER-negative cancers and breast cancer stem cells, as well as stimulating angiogenesis. Novel findings confirm and broaden our knowledge about the cross-talk between sphingolipids and estrogen network in normal and malignant cells. Current S1PRs therapeutic inhibition was indicated as a promising chemotherapy approach in non-responsive and advanced malignancies. Considering that sphingolipid signaling has a prominent role in terminally differentiated cells, the impact should be considered when designing specific SphK/S1PR inhibitors. This study analyzes the dynamic of the transformation of sphingolipid axis during a transition from normal to pathological condition on the level of the whole organism. The sphingolipid-based mediation and facilitation of global effects of estrogen were critically accented as a bridging mechanism that should be explored in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
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26
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Bauman E, Feijão T, Carvalho DTO, Granja PL, Barrias CC. Xeno-free pre-vascularized spheroids for therapeutic applications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:230. [PMID: 29321569 PMCID: PMC5762877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spheroid culture has gained increasing popularity, arising as a promising tool for regenerative medicine applications. Importantly, spheroids may present advantages over single-cell suspensions in cell-based therapies (CT). Unfortunately, most growth media used for spheroid culture contain animal origin-components, such as fetal bovine serum (FBS). The presence of FBS compromises the safety of CT and presents economic and ethical constraints. SCC (supplement for cell culture) is a novel xeno-free (XF) industrial cell culture supplement, derived from well-controlled pooled human plasma and processed under good manufacturing practice rules. Here, we developed a XF SCC-based formulation for 2D-culture of outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC), and then used it for generating co-culture spheroids of OEC and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). XF MSC-OEC spheroids were characterized in detail and compared to spheroids cultured in FBS-supplemented medium. XF spheroids presented comparable integrity, size and morphology as the reference culture. The use of both media resulted in spheroids with similar structure, abundant extracellular matrix deposition and specific patterns of OEC distribution and organization. Notably, XF spheroids presented significantly enhanced angiogenic potential, both in vitro (fibrin sprouting assay) and in vivo (CAM assay). These findings are particularly promising in the context of potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bauman
- Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - T Feijão
- Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - D T O Carvalho
- Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P L Granja
- Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C C Barrias
- Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Ryzhuk V, Zeng XX, Wang X, Melnychuk V, Lankford L, Farmer D, Wang A. Human amnion extracellular matrix derived bioactive hydrogel for cell delivery and tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 85:191-202. [PMID: 29407148 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Ryzhuk
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Xu-Xin Zeng
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Pharmaceutical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Foshan University, No. 5 Hebin Rd., Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; School of Stomatology, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Veniamin Melnychuk
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Lee Lankford
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Diana Farmer
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Research II, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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28
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Williams PA, Campbell KT, Silva EA. Alginate hydrogels of varied molecular weight distribution enable sustained release of sphingosine-1-phosphate and promote angiogenesis. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:138-146. [PMID: 28875559 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels have been widely validated for controlled release of growth factors and cytokines, but studies exploring sustained release of small hydrophobic lipids are lacking. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid, is an appealing small molecule for inducing blood vessel formation in the context of ischemic conditions. However, there are numerous biological and engineering challenges associated with designing biomaterial systems for controlled release of this lipid. Thus, the objective of this study was to design an injectable, alginate hydrogel formulation that provides controlled release of S1P to establish locally sustained concentration gradients that promote neovascularization. Herein, we varied the molecular weight distribution of alginate polymers within the hydrogel to alter the resultant mechanical properties in a manner that provides control over S1P release. With increasing high molecular weight (HMW) content, the hydrogels exhibited stiffer material properties and released S1P at slower rates. Accordingly, S1P released from hydrogels with 100% HMW content led to enhanced directed migration of outgrowth endothelial cells and blood vessel development assessed using a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay as compared to hydrogels with less HMW content. Overall, this study describes how alginate hydrogels of varied molecular weight may be used to control S1P release kinetics for therapeutic applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 138-146, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla A Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Kevin T Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
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29
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Stem cell therapy for abrogating stroke-induced neuroinflammation and relevant secondary cell death mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 158:94-131. [PMID: 28743464 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. A key secondary cell death mechanism mediating neurological damage following the initial episode of ischemic stroke is the upregulation of endogenous neuroinflammatory processes to levels that destroy hypoxic tissue local to the area of insult, induce apoptosis, and initiate a feedback loop of inflammatory cascades that can expand the region of damage. Stem cell therapy has emerged as an experimental treatment for stroke, and accumulating evidence supports the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells to abrogate stroke-induced inflammation. In this review, we investigate clinically relevant stem cell types, such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), neural stem cells (NSCs), extraembryonic stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, breast milk-derived stem cells, menstrual blood-derived stem cells, dental tissue-derived stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), teratocarcinoma-derived Ntera2/D1 neuron-like cells (NT2N), c-mycER(TAM) modified NSCs (CTX0E03), and notch-transfected mesenchymal stromal cells (SB623), comparing their potential efficacy to sequester stroke-induced neuroinflammation and their feasibility as translational clinical cell sources. To this end, we highlight that MSCs, with a proven track record of safety and efficacy as a transplantable cell for hematologic diseases, stand as an attractive cell type that confers superior anti-inflammatory effects in stroke both in vitro and in vivo. That stem cells can mount a robust anti-inflammatory action against stroke complements the regenerative processes of cell replacement and neurotrophic factor secretion conventionally ascribed to cell-based therapy in neurological disorders.
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30
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Alginate hydrogels allow for bioactive and sustained release of VEGF-C and VEGF-D for lymphangiogenic therapeutic applications. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181484. [PMID: 28723974 PMCID: PMC5517064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic dysfunction is associated with the progression of many cardiovascular disorders due to their role in maintaining tissue fluid homeostasis. Promoting new lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis) is a promising strategy to reverse these cardiovascular disorders via restoring lymphatic function. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) members VEGF-C and VEGF-D are both potent candidates for stimulating lymphangiogenesis, though maintaining spatial and temporal control of these factors represents a challenge to developing efficient therapeutic lymphangiogenic applications. Injectable alginate hydrogels have been useful for the controlled delivery of many angiogenic factors, including VEGF-A, to stimulate new blood vasculature. However, the utility of these tunable hydrogels for delivering lymphangiogenic factors has never been closely examined. Thus, the objective of this study was to utilize ionically cross-linked alginate hydrogels to deliver VEGF-C and VEGF-D for potential lymphangiogenic applications. We demonstrated that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are sensitive to temporal presentation of VEGF-C and VEGF-D but with different responses between the factors. The greatest LEC mitogenic and sprouting response was observed for constant concentrations of VEGF-C and a high initial concentration that gradually decreased over time for VEGF-D. Additionally, alginate hydrogels provided sustained release of radiolabeled VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Finally, VEGF-C and VEGF-D released from these hydrogels promoted a similar number of LEC sprouts as exogenously added growth factors and new vasculature in vivo via a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Overall, these findings demonstrate that alginate hydrogels can provide sustained and bioactive release of VEGF-C and VEGF-D which could have applications for therapeutic lymphangiogenesis.
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31
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Campillo N, Falcones B, Montserrat JM, Gozal D, Obeso A, Gallego-Martin T, Navajas D, Almendros I, Farré R. Frequency and magnitude of intermittent hypoxia modulate endothelial wound healing in a cell culture model of sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017. [PMID: 28642292 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00077.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) has been implicated in the cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the lack of suitable experimental systems has precluded assessment as to whether IH is detrimental, protective, or both for the endothelium. The aim of the work was to determine the effects of frequency and amplitude of IH oxygenation swings on aortic endothelial wound healing. Monolayers of human primary endothelial cells were wounded and subjected to constant oxygenation (1%, 4%, 13%, or 20% O2) or IH at different frequencies (0.6, 6, or 60 cycles/h) and magnitude ranges (13-4% O2 or 20-1% O2), using a novel well-controlled system, with wound healing being measured after 24 h. Cell monolayer repair was similar at 20% O2 and 13% O2, but was considerably increased (approximately twofold) in constant hypoxia at 4% O2 The magnitude and frequency of IH considerably modulated wound healing. Cycles ranging 13-4% O2 at the lowest frequency (0.6 cycles/h) accelerated endothelial wound healing by 102%. However, for IH exposures consisting of 20% to 1% O2 oscillations, wound closure was reduced compared with oscillation in the 13-4% range (by 74% and 44% at 6 cycles/h and 0.6 cycles/h, respectively). High-frequency IH patterns simulating severe OSA (60 cycles/h) did not significantly modify endothelial wound closure, regardless of the oxygenation cycle amplitude. In conclusion, the frequency and magnitude of hypoxia cycling in IH markedly alter wound healing responses and emerge as key factors determining how cells will respond in OSA.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intermittent hypoxia (IH) induces cardiovascular consequences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. However, the vast array of frequencies and severities of IH previously employed in OSA-related experimental studies has led to controversial results on the effects of IH. By employing an optimized IH experimental system here, we provide evidence that the frequency and magnitude of IH markedly alter human aortic endothelial wound healing, emerging as key factors determining how cells respond in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Campillo
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Falcones
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Montserrat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Sleep Lab, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ana Obeso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, El Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, El Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Cerebrovascular Angiogenic Reprogramming upon LRP1 Repression: Impact on Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Mediated Signaling in Brain Endothelial Cell Chemotactism. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3551-3563. [PMID: 28516428 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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33
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Hao D, Xiao W, Liu R, Kumar P, Li Y, Zhou P, Guo F, Farmer DL, Lam KS, Wang F, Wang A. Discovery and Characterization of a Potent and Specific Peptide Ligand Targeting Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Endothelial Cells for Tissue Regeneration. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1075-1086. [PMID: 28195700 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) play a vital role in endothelialization and vascularization for tissue regeneration. Various EPC/EC targeting biomolecules have been investigated to improve tissue regeneration with limited success often due to their limited functional specificity and structural stability. One-bead one-compound (OBOC) combinatorial technology is an ultrahigh throughput chemical library synthesis and screening method suitable for ligand discovery against a wide range of biological targets, such as integrins. In this study, using primary human EPCs/ECs as living probes, we identified an αvβ3 integrin ligand LXW7 discovered by OBOC combinatorial technology as a potent and specific EPC/EC targeting ligand. LXW7 overcomes the major barriers of other functional biomolecules that have previously been used to improve vascularization for tissue regeneration and possesses optimal stability, EPC/EC specificity, and functionality. LXW7 is a disulfide cyclic octa-peptide (cGRGDdvc) containing unnatural amino acids flanking both sides of the main functional motif; therefore it will be more resistant to proteolysis and more stable in vivo compared to linear peptides and peptides consisting of only natural amino acids. Compared with the conventional αvβ3 integrin ligand GRGD peptide, LXW7 showed stronger binding affinity to primary EPCs/ECs but weaker binding to platelets and no binding to THP-1 monocytes. In addition, ECs bound to the LXW7 treated culture surface exhibited enhanced biological functions such as proliferation, likely due to increased phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2. Surface modification of electrospun microfibrous PLLA/PCL biomaterial scaffolds with LXW7 via Click chemistry resulted in significantly improved endothelial coverage. LXW7 and its derivatives hold great promise for EPC/EC recruitment and delivery and can be widely applied to functionalize various biological and medical materials to improve endothelialization and vascularization for tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Hao
- Institute
of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical
Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Surgical
Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Wenwu Xiao
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Ruiwu Liu
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Priyadarsini Kumar
- Surgical
Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Yuanpei Li
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute
for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Institute
for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Diana L. Farmer
- Surgical
Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Kit S. Lam
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Fengshan Wang
- Institute
of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical
Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical
Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
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34
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Comparison of Endothelial Differentiation Capacities of Human and Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016; 138:1231-1241. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Alginate-Chitosan Hydrogels Provide a Sustained Gradient of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate for Therapeutic Angiogenesis. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 45:1003-1014. [PMID: 27904998 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid, is a potent candidate for treatment of ischemic vascular disease. However, designing biomaterial systems for the controlled release of S1P to achieve therapeutic angiogenesis presents both biological and engineering challenges. Thus, the objective of this study was to design a hydrogel system that provides controlled and sustained release of S1P to establish local concentration gradients that promote neovascularization. Alginate hydrogels have been extensively studied and characterized for delivery of proangiogenic factors. We sought to explore if chitosan (0, 0.1, 0.5, or 1%) incorporation could be used as a means to control S1P release from alginate hydrogels. With increasing chitosan incorporation, hydrogels exhibited significantly denser pore structure and stiffer material properties. While 0.1 and 0.5% chitosan gels demonstrated slower respective release of S1P, release from 1% chitosan gels was similar to alginate gels alone. Furthermore, 0.5% chitosan gels induced greater sprouting and directed migration of outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) in response to released S1P under hypoxia in vitro. Overall, this report presents a platform for a novel alginate-chitosan hydrogel of controlled composition and in situ gelation properties that can be used to control lipid release for therapeutic applications.
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36
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Rodriguez YI, Campos LE, Castro MG, Aladhami A, Oskeritzian CA, Alvarez SE. Sphingosine-1 Phosphate: A New Modulator of Immune Plasticity in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2016; 6:218. [PMID: 27800303 PMCID: PMC5066089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, increasing evidences demonstrate a strong link between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and both normal physiology and progression of different diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Indeed, numerous studies show that tissue levels of this sphingolipid metabolite are augmented in many cancers, affecting survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Recent insights into the possible role of S1P as a therapeutic target has attracted enormous attention and opened new opportunities in this evolving field. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in cancer, with particular emphasis in new developments that highlight the many functions of this sphingolipid in the tumor microenvironment. We will discuss how S1P modulates phenotypic plasticity of macrophages and mast cells, tumor-induced immune evasion, differentiation and survival of immune cells in the tumor milieu, interaction between cancer and stromal cells, and hypoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamila I Rodriguez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ludmila E Campos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Melina G Castro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ahmed Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Sergio E Alvarez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET, San Luis, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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37
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Williams PA, Silva EA. The Role of Synthetic Extracellular Matrices in Endothelial Progenitor Cell Homing for Treatment of Vascular Disease. Ann Biomed Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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38
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Binder BYK, Williams PA, Silva EA, Leach JK. Lysophosphatidic Acid and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate: A Concise Review of Biological Function and Applications for Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:531-42. [PMID: 26035484 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The presentation and controlled release of bioactive signals to direct cellular growth and differentiation represents a widely used strategy in tissue engineering. Historically, work in this field has primarily focused on the delivery of large cytokines and growth factors, which can be costly to manufacture and difficult to deliver in a sustained manner. There has been a marked increase over the past decade in the pursuit of lipid mediators due to their wide range of effects over multiple cell types, low cost, and ease of scale-up. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are two bioactive lysophospholipids (LPLs) that have gained attention for use as pharmacological agents in tissue engineering applications. While these lipids can have similar effects on cellular response, they possess distinct chemical backbones, mechanisms of synthesis and degradation, and signaling pathways using a discrete set of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). LPA and S1P predominantly act extracellularly on their GPCRs and can directly regulate cell survival, differentiation, cytokine secretion, proliferation, and migration--each of the important functions that must be considered in regenerative medicine. In addition to these potent physiological functions, these LPLs play pivotal roles in a number of pathophysiological processes. To capitalize on the promise of these molecules in tissue engineering, these lipids have been incorporated into biomaterials for in vivo delivery. Here, we survey the effects of LPA and S1P on both cellular- and tissue-level phenotypes, with an eye toward regulating stem/progenitor cell growth and differentiation. In particular, we examine work that has translational applications for cell-based tissue engineering strategies in promoting cell survival, bone and cartilage engineering, and therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Y K Binder
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - Priscilla A Williams
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - J Kent Leach
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, Davis, California.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California
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