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Zadeh-Vakili A, Faam B, Afgar A, Razmpoosh E, Zarkesh M, Amouzegar A. A systematic review of dysregulated microRNAs in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Endocrine 2024; 84:800-811. [PMID: 38212462 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plenty of evidence suggests that dysregulated microRNAs are linked to developing autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify commonly linked dysregulated microRNAs in Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) and explore microRNA-targeted genes and the involved pathways. METHODS Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched using the MeSH terms and free text terms, which yielded 11879 articles published up to July 2023. Two-step screening(first for titles and second for abstracts) was completed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy was formulated using the PEO format(Population, Exposure, and Outcome) for observational studies. The corresponding target genes and relevant signaling pathways were also identified using web servers of Diana Tools/its mirPath v.3 software, miRNA Enrichment Analysis, Mirpath DB2, miRPathDB 2.0, and miRmap. RESULTS Review inclusion criteria were met by 16 studies. Thirty-three microRNAs were identified as differentially expressed in HT patients compared to a healthy control after qRT-PCR or RNA sequencing confirmation. Only three miR-146a, miR-142, and miR-301 showed significant results in more than two studies comparing HT cases with healthy controls. CONCLUSION Three key microRNAs in HT were identified by systematic review; the corresponding target genes and signaling pathways involved in the target genes were also identified. These microRNAs regulate the immune response and inflammation and may favor the development and progression of HT. These data may be beneficial to make a step forward to understand the exact etiology of HT and use of these MicroRNAs as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Zadeh-Vakili
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Faam
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Razmpoosh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atieh Amouzegar
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fenneman AC, Rampanelli E, van der Spek AH, Fliers E, Nieuwdorp M. Protocol for a double-blinded randomised controlled trial to assess the effect of faecal microbiota transplantations on thyroid reserve in patients with subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism in the Netherlands: the IMITHOT trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073971. [PMID: 37709342 PMCID: PMC10503357 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common endocrine autoimmune disease affecting roughly 5% of the general population and involves life-long treatment with levothyroxine, as no curative treatment yet exists. Over the past decade, the crosstalk between gut microbiota and the host immune system has been well-recognised, identifying the gut microbiome as an important factor in host health and disease, including susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Previous observational studies yielded a link between disruption of the gut microbiome composition and HT. This is the first study that investigates the potential of restoring a disrupted gut microbiome with faecal microbiota transplantations (FMTs) to halt disease progression and dampen autoimmunity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The IMITHOT trial is a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study evaluating either autologous or allogenic FMTs in medication-naïve patients with subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism. In total, 34 patients will be enrolled to receive either three allogenic or autologous FMTs. FMT will be made of fresh stool and directly administered into the duodenum. Patients will be evaluated at baseline before the first FMT is administered and at 6, 12 and 24 months post-intervention to assess efficacy and adverse events. The primary outcome measure will be the net incremental increase (incremental area under the curve) on thyrotropin-stimulated free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine release at 6 and 12 months compared with baseline. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and international conferences. The recruitment of the first patient and donor occurred on 18 December 2019. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the hospital Ethics Committee (Medical Ethics Committee) at Amsterdam University Medical Center. The trial's outcomes offer high-quality evidence that aids in unveiling distinct patterns within the gut microbiota potentially associated with improved thyroid function. Consequently, this may open avenues for the future clinical applications of microbial-targeted therapy in individuals at risk of developing overt HT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NL7931.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Fenneman
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), AmsterdamUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne H van der Spek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), AmsterdamUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), AmsterdamUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Danielsen AK, Damgaard C, Massarenti L, Østrup P, Riis Hansen P, Holmstrup P, Nielsen CH. B-cell cytokine responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. J Periodontol 2023; 94:997-1007. [PMID: 36715211 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine-producing B cells play a well-established role in modifying immune responses in chronic inflammatory diseases. We characterized B-cell cytokine responses against periodontitis-associated bacteria in patients with periodontitis. METHODS Blood and saliva samples were collected from patients with periodontitis grade B (N = 31) or grade C (N = 25), and 25 healthy controls (HCs). Mononuclear cells were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Cutibacterium acnes, and B-cell production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β by B cells was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS HCs had higher baseline frequencies of B cells producing IFN-γ or TNF-α than grade B patients, but only B cells from grade B patients showed significant differentiation into IFN-γ-, TNF-α-, TGF-β-, or IL-10-producing cells after challenge with P. gingivalis and into IFN-γ-, TGF-β-, or IL-10-producing cells after challenge F. nucleatum. Notably, the baseline frequency of IL-10-producing B cells from grade C patients correlated inversely with clinical attachment loss (AL). The major proportion of the IFN-γ- and TGF-β-producing B cells were CD27+ memory cells, while the IL-10-producing B cells were mainly CD27- CD5- . CONCLUSIONS B cells from grade B patients, particularly those harboring P. gingivalis, showed proinflammatory B-cell responses to P. gingivalis. Moreover, the baseline frequency of IL-10-producing B cells in the grade C group correlated inversely with AL, suggesting a diminished immunoregulatory capacity of IL-10-producing B cells in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katrine Danielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Massarenti
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Østrup
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Riis Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Palle Holmstrup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Han Z, Chen L, Peng H, Zheng H, Lin Y, Peng F, Fan Y, Xie X, Yang S, Wang Z, Yuan L, Wei X, Chen H. The role of thyroid hormone in the renal immune microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110172. [PMID: 37086678 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for proper kidney growth and development. The kidney is not only the organ of thyroid hormone metabolism but also the target organ of thyroid hormone. Kidney disease is a common type of kidney damage, mainly including different types of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and renal cell carcinoma. The kidney is often damaged by an immune response directed against its antigens or a systemic immune response. A variety of immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes, is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune kidney disease. Recent studies have found that thyroid hormone plays an indispensable role in the immune microenvironment of various kidney diseases. Thyroid hormones regulate the activity of neutrophils, and dendritic cells express triiodothyronine receptors. Compared to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism has a greater effect on neutrophils. Furthermore, in adaptive immune systems, thyroid hormone may activate T lymphocytes through several underlying mechanisms, such as mediating NF-κB, protein kinase C signalling pathways, and β-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased T lymphocyte activation. The present review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone metabolism regulation in the immune microenvironment on the function of various immune cells, especially neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Although there are not enough data at this stage to conclude the clinical relevance of these findings, thyroid hormone metabolism may influence autoimmune kidney disease by regulating the renal immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyan Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyao Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhe Fan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuli Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanzhan Wang
- Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lan Yuan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Aref S, El Menshawy N, Darwish A, Farag NA. Predictive Value of B reg and Serum IL-10 Concentration Levels for Acute ITP Progression to Chronic Phase. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:336-341. [PMID: 35129144 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a potentially life threating autoimmune disorder with different responses to therapy and different bleeding phenotypes in critical organs. The molecular basis for the variable response has not yet been fully elucidated. This study was designed to address the predictive value of regulatory B-cell (B reg ) count and interleukin-10 (IL-10) serum levels for acute ITP patients who progress to chronic phase. The present study included 80 children with acute ITP )38 males and 42 females (with median age of 8 years and 40 matched healthy controls. Assessment of B reg (CD19 + CD24 hi CD38 hi ) was carried out by a multicolor flowcytometry, however, IL-10 serum levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant reduction of B reg percentage and a significant increase in serum IL-10 levels were identified in children with acute ITP as compared with controls ( P <0.001 for both). Fourteen ITP patients passed to chronic phase, while 66 patients achieved remission within 6 months. The absolute B reg was significantly lower, while IL-10 was significantly higher in patients with acute ITP who progressed to chronic phase in comparison with acute ITP patients who achieved complete remission. Cox proportional hazards for ITP chronicity revealed that IL-10 OR was 2.46 (confidence interval: 1.42-4.27; P =0.001) and absolute B reg OR was 0.147 (confidence interval: 0.128-0.624; P =0.005) in the peripheral blood. Therefore, they could predict chronicity in ITP cases. CONCLUSION Reduced B reg count and elevated IL-10 levels in patients with acute ITP at diagnosis can predict chronicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Aref
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Capriello S, Ferrari SM, Gatto I, Santaguida MG, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Mangino G, Romeo G, Virili C, Centanni M. Regulatory B Cells in Systemic Sclerosis Isolated or Concomitant With Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921260. [PMID: 35874691 PMCID: PMC9296862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which gastrointestinal disorders represent a complication in up to 90% of patients. SSc may associate with thyroid autoimmune disorders, with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) being the more prevalent worldwide. Previous studies have examined the behavior of Th17 lymphocytes and Breg cells in patients with HT and concomitant autoimmune organ-specific disorders. These immune phenotypes seem to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both these autoimmune processes, but their behavior when these two disorders coexist has not been described. We analyzed Th17 and Breg (CD24hiCD38hi) cell subsets in 50 subjects (45F/5M; median age = 49 years): 18 were healthy donors (HD), 20 had isolated HT, and 12 had SSc, seven of whom had both HT and SSc. Breg cells’ function was also evaluated by measuring their IL-10 production when stimulated by specific activators. An increased percentage of Th17 lymphocytes characterized HT patients as compared to both HD and the whole group of SSc patients (p = 0.0018). On the contrary, the percentage of unstimulated Breg cells in SSc patients was higher (p = 0.0260), either associated or not with HT, as compared to both HT patients and HD, which, instead, showed a similar percentage of Breg cells. Following a specific stimulation with CpG, the percentages of Breg cells were increased in the whole sample of SSc patients (p < 0.001) as well as in isolated SSc and in SSc+HT ones as compared to isolated HT. However, qualitative analysis, obtained through the detection of the IL-10-producing phenotype, revealed that the percentage of CpG-stimulated CD24hiCD38hi-IL10+cells was significantly decreased in SSc patients (p < 0.0001) with no difference between isolated SSc and SSc+HT patients. The IL-10-producing phenotype was instead slightly increased in HT patients as compared to HD (4.1% vs. 2.8%). The presence of SSc seems to be characterized by an enrichment of total Breg cells but by a reduced Breg IL-10-producing phenotype, representing functional Bregs. This last finding was entirely due to the presence of SSc independently from the association with HT. This behavior is different from the ones described about the association of HT with organ-specific autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Capriello
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Endocrinology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Ilenia Gatto
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Endocrinology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Immunology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Immunology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Camilla Virili
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Endocrinology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Endocrinology Section, ‘‘Sapienza’’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Endocrine Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) Latina, Latina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marco Centanni,
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Youssef MAM, Salah Eldin EM, Osman NS. Revolution of Disturbed Bregs and Bmems Lymphocytes Homeostasis in Children With Chronic ITP After High-dose Dexamethasone Rescue Therapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e96-e100. [PMID: 33974586 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Dexamethasone is approved as second-line therapy in pediatric chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Several B-cell abnormalities have been described in ITP pathogenesis.This study assessed the effects of high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) on the percentages and absolute counts of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory (Bregs) and CD19+CD27+ memory B lymphocytes (Bmems) in children with chronic ITP during active bleeding.The study was a prospective case-control, included 20 children with chronic ITP and uncontrolled bleeding. Children received a single daily dose of HD-DXM for 4 days. Blood samples were withdrawn from patients just before HD-DXM therapy and on day 5 to evaluate the platelet counts and flow cytometric analysis of Bregs and Bmem. The patients' platelet counts significantly increased after 5 days of the initiation of therapy (P=0.0001). Bmems percentage and absolute counts were significantly higher in patients before treatment (P=0.0007), and decreased after HD-DXM therapy (P=0.97) compared with the controls. Bregs percentage and absolute counts were significantly lower before treatment (P=0.0003) and increased after HD-DXM (P=0.003). There is a negative correlation between platelet counts and Bregs percentage and absolute count Bmems percentage before and after HD-DXM, whereas a positive correlation between platelets and Bregs before and after dexamethasone has been reported. CONCLUSIONS HD-DXM reestablishes the normal Bregs/Bmems balance. This finding discloses possible involvement of Bregs and Bmems in the pathogenesis of pediatric ITP and provides a novel vision for immune modulation and treatment perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naglaa S Osman
- Children's Hospital, Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Salazar-Viedma M, Vergaño-Salazar JG, Pastenes L, D’Afonseca V. Simulation Model for Hashimoto Autoimmune Thyroiditis Disease. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqab190. [PMID: 34496027 PMCID: PMC8477452 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is a pathology that often causes a gradual thyroid insufficiency in affected patients due to the autoimmune destruction of this gland. The cellular immune response mediated by T helper lymphocytes TH1 and TH17 can induce the HT disease. In this pathologic condition, there is an imbalance between the TH17 and Treg lymphocytes as well as a gut microbiota dysfunction. The objective of this work was to describe the interactions of the cell subpopulations that participate in HT. To achieve this goal, we generated a mathematical model that allowed the simulation of different scenarios for the dynamic interaction between thyroid cells, the immune system, and the gut microbiota. We used a hypothetical-deductive design of mathematical modeling based on a system of ordinary differential equations, where the state variables are the TH1, TH17, and Treg lymphocytes, the thyrocytes, and the bacteria from gut microbiota. This work generated a compartmental model of the cellular immune response occurring in the thyroid gland. It was observed that TH1 and TH17 lymphocytes could increase the immune cells' activity, as well as activate effector cells directly and trigger the apoptosis and inflammation processes of healthy thyrocytes indirectly. Likewise, the model showed that a reduction in Treg lymphocytes could increase the activity of TH17 lymphocytes when an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition occurred. The numerical results highlight the TH1, TH17, and bacterial balance of the gut microbiota activities as important factors for the development of HT disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Salazar-Viedma
- Laboratorio de Genética y Microevolución, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Juan Gabriel Vergaño-Salazar
- Doctorado en Modelamiento Matemático Aplicado, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Luis Pastenes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Microevolución, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
- Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Vivian D’Afonseca
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
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Expression of Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors-Genes in Patients with Different Forms of Thyroid Pathology in Ukrainian Population. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Multiple susceptibility genes can be involved in the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Some of these genes are implicated in other autoimmune diseases, while others are specific to thyroid autoimmune response. 153 patients with thyroid pathology were enrolled in the study (152 women and 1 man, the average age was 46,02±14,3). They were divided into 3 groups: 16 patients with postoperative hypothyroidism; 65 patients with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis, and 72 patients with both AIT and elevated serum an anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies. We used a pathway-specific real-time Polymerase chain reaction array to identify and verify cytokines and receptor pathway-associated gene expression in peripheral white blood cells in randomly selected 12 individuals from each group. In the patients with postoperative hypothyroidism and those with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis, the expression of Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, Interleukin 6, and Interleukin 6 receptor significantly decreased, while the expression of IL6ST and IL10RA increased. In contrast, mRNA levels of Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, Interleukin 6, and Interleukin 6 receptor increased in the autoimmune thyroiditis patients with elevated serum anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, while the expression of Interleukin 6 signal transducer and Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha decreased in this group of patients. The patients with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis and patients with elevated serum anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies had significantly lowered expression of Interleukin 10, while the expression of Interleukin 1, beta and Interleukin 1 receptor, type I was elevated. autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism affect the mRNA-level expression of cytokines and cytokine receptor genes in a gene-specific manner, and these changes to gene expression can be among the triggers of autoimmune inflammation progression in the thyroid gland. Transcriptional activity of cytokines, inducer, and receptor genes in the peripheral white blood cells can be used as an important minimally invasive prognostic marker of the autoimmune thyroid disease severity.
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Kang S, Kang J, Shen H, Wu N. Advances in regulatory B cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107770. [PMID: 34020391 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B cells that can downregulate the immune and inflammatory responses. The development of B cells in humans and mice is differs. The Positioning and targeted regulation of Bregs has a positive effect on autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a common autoimmune disease. This review introduces the history and origins of Bregs. It summarizes the different phenotypes and functionalities of Breg cells related to AITD and analyzes the reasons for the differences in Breg expression frequencies in Graves disease (GD) and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT). A number of functional defects of regulatory B cells may be the newly discovered cause of AITD. This paper sheds new light on the role and prospects of Bregs in the progression and treatment of AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Kang
- Student Affairs Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Junning Kang
- Student Affairs Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Xiao S, Bod L, Pochet N, Kota SB, Hu D, Madi A, Kilpatrick J, Shi J, Ho A, Zhang H, Sobel R, Weiner HL, Strom TB, Quintana FJ, Joller N, Kuchroo VK. Checkpoint Receptor TIGIT Expressed on Tim-1 + B Cells Regulates Tissue Inflammation. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107892. [PMID: 32668241 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tim-1, a phosphatidylserine receptor expressed on B cells, induces interleukin 10 (IL-10) production by sensing apoptotic cells. Here we show that mice with B cell-specific Tim-1 deletion develop tissue inflammation in multiple organs including spontaneous paralysis with inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Transcriptomic analysis demonstrates that besides IL-10, Tim-1+ B cells also differentially express a number of co-inhibitory checkpoint receptors including TIGIT. Mice with B cell-specific TIGIT deletion develop spontaneous paralysis with CNS inflammation, but with limited inflammation in other organs. Our findings suggest that Tim-1+ B cells are essential for maintaining self-tolerance and restraining tissue inflammation, and that Tim-1 signaling-dependent TIGIT expression on B cells is essential for maintaining CNS-specific tolerance. A possible critical role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in regulating the B cell function is discussed, as we find that AhR is among the preferentially expressed transcription factors in Tim-1+ B cells and regulates their TIGIT and IL-10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xiao
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Lloyd Bod
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathalie Pochet
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Dan Hu
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Asaf Madi
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica Kilpatrick
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jingwen Shi
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allen Ho
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raymond Sobel
- Palo Alto Veteran's Administration Health Care System and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Terry B Strom
- Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicole Joller
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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12
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Beckett J, Hester J, Issa F, Shankar S. Regulatory B cells in transplantation: roadmaps to clinic. Transpl Int 2020; 33:1353-1368. [PMID: 32725703 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, an additional and important role for B cells has been established in immune regulation. Preclinical studies demonstrate that regulatory B cells (Breg) can prolong allograft survival in animal models and induce regulatory T cells. Operationally tolerant human kidney transplant recipients demonstrate B-cell-associated gene signatures of immune tolerance, and novel therapeutic agents can induce Bregs in phase I clinical trials in transplantation. Our rapidly expanding appreciation of this novel B-cell subtype has made the road to clinical application a reality. Here, we outline several translational pathways by which Bregs could soon be introduced to the transplant clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Beckett
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna Hester
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fadi Issa
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sushma Shankar
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Huo JH, Wang XY, Gong L, Gu X. Role of regulatory B cells in autoimmune diseases of the digestive system. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:486-492. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i12.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, regulatory B cells (Breg), a subset of functional B cells, have been reported to participate in the negative regulation of immunity in autoimmune diseases by producing interleukin (IL)-10, IL-35, and transforming growth factor-β. However, a specific surface marker for Breg has not been identified and their potential therapeutic role requires further study. This review discusses the function of Breg in autoimmune diseases of the digestive system, with the purpose of highlighting their regulation of immune responses and their potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
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14
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Kyrgios I, Fragou A, Kotanidou EP, Mouzaki K, Efraimidou S, Tzimagiorgis G, Galli-Tsinopoulou A. DNA methylation analysis within the IL2RA gene promoter in youth with autoimmune thyroid disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13199. [PMID: 31943147 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL2RA) is involved in the regulation of T-cell function and has been related to autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, promoter methylation might account for differences in gene expression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in the percentage of DNA methylation within the IL2RA gene promoter in young patients with AITD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional design, the presence of DNA methylation in the IL2RA gene promoter was quantified, by real-time PCR and melting curve analysis, in modified genomic DNA isolated from blood samples of a total of 149 children and adolescents with AITD, including patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (ΗΤ) (n = 60), Graves' disease (GD) (n = 9), concurrent diagnosis of HT and type 1 diabetes (T1DM + HT) (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 55). RESULTS The percentage of DNA methylation in the IL2RA gene promoter was significantly decreased in patients with GD (26.0 ± 4.2%) but not in those with HT (36.3 ± 1.4%) in comparison with controls (41.3 ± 1.5%). CONCLUSIONS The observed DNA hypomethylation in the IL2RA gene promoter in patients with GD might be related to its increased expression, thus contributing to the etiopathogenesis of GD in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kyrgios
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Fragou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni P Kotanidou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Mouzaki
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Magnusson L, Barcenilla H, Pihl M, Bensing S, Espes D, Carlsson PO, Casas R. Mass Cytometry Studies of Patients With Autoimmune Endocrine Diseases Reveal Distinct Disease-Specific Alterations in Immune Cell Subsets. Front Immunol 2020; 11:288. [PMID: 32153591 PMCID: PMC7047233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is evidence that autoimmune diseases share similar immunogenetic mechanisms, studies comparing peripheral CD45+ cells from patients with autoimmune endocrine diseases in parallel are limited. In this study, we applied high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry to phenotypically characterize PBMC from patients with new-onset (N-T1D) and long-standing type 1 diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), Graves' disease and autoimmune Addison's disease (AD), as well as healthy controls. The frequency of CD20loCD27hiCD38hiHLA-DRint plasmablasts, CD86+CD14loCD16+ non-classical monocytes and two subsets of CD56dimHLA-DR+IFN-γ+ NK cells were increased in patients with HT. Subsets of CD56dimCD69+HLA-DR- NK cells and CD8+ TEMRA cells, both expressing IFN-γ, were expanded and reduced, respectively, in the N-T1D group. In addition, patients with AD were characterized by an increased percentage of central memory CD8+ T cells that expressed CCR4, GATA3, and IL-2. We demonstrate that patients with N-T1D, HT, and AD had altered frequencies of distinct subsets within antigen-presenting and cytotoxic cell lineages. Previously unreported alterations of specific cell subsets were identified in samples from patients with HT and AD. Our study might contribute to a better understanding of shared and diverging immunological features between autoimmune endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Magnusson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Division of Children and Women Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hugo Barcenilla
- Division of Children and Women Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Pihl
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sophie Bensing
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Espes
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rosaura Casas
- Division of Children and Women Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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16
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Fang J, Lin L, Lin D, Zhang R, Liu X, Wang D, Duan C, Lin X. The imbalance between regulatory memory B cells reveals possible pathogenesis involvement in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:473-479. [PMID: 31142214 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2019.1622292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells (Bregs) and CD19+CD27+ memory B cells (Bmems) are B cell subsets with specific immunoregulatory properties. In this study, the balance of these subsets was investigated in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, and the frequencies of Bregs and Bmems before and after first-line therapy were measured. Methods: Forty-nine pediatric ITP patients and 19 normal controls were enrolled in this study. The total CD19+ B cells, Bregs and Bmems in the peripheral blood (PB) of all cases were measured by flow cytometry. Results: We found higher frequencies of total CD19+ B cells and Bmems in newly diagnosed ITP patients than those in normal controls (p < 0.01), whereas the frequencies of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Bregs was significantly lower in ITP patients (p < 0.001). After therapy with MP + IVIG, the level of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Bregs and Bmems were almost normalized. Conclusion: Our results indicated that pediatric ITP patients were characterized by a decline in CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Bregs and increment of CD19+CD27+Bmems, and an increase of total CD19+ B cells in their peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyue Fang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Lin
- b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Department of Dermatology , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Dijin Lin
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihao Zhang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- d Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohui Duan
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Lin
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation , Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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17
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Chen G, Ding Y, Li Q, Li Y, Wen X, Ji X, Bi S, Chen J, Xu J, Chen R, Ye H, Wei L, Yang H. Defective Regulatory B Cells Are Associated with Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4067-4077. [PMID: 30888403 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the change of IL-10 producing regulatory B cells (Bregs), which function to suppress peripheral immune responses, in patients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy controls (N=54), patients with Grave's disease (N=26), and TAO patients (N=125), and stimulated with CpG/CD40L. The frequency of IL-10 producing Bregs and the expression of IL-10 in response to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation were measured by flow cytometry. CD4+ T cells were cultured with Breg-depleted PBMCs to elucidate the function of Bregs in TAO patients. The potential immunoregulatory mechanism was also investigated by western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Active TAO patients had higher baseline levels of Bregs in their peripheral blood than both healthy controls and inactive patients. TSH promoted Bregs. Bregs from TAO patients were defective in suppressing the activation of IFN-γ+ and IL-17+ T cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We found that regulatory B cells in TAO patients are functionally defective, suggesting the defective Bregs might be responsible for the pathogenesis of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yungang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Clinical Research Center of Blinding Eye Diseases, the First Clinical College of Northwest University for Nationalities, the Cooperative Teaching Hospital of North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | | | - Xiaofeng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jingqiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Rahman S, Archana A, Jan AT, Dutta D, Shankar A, Kim J, Minakshi R. Molecular Insights Into the Relationship Between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Breast Cancer: A Critical Perspective on Autoimmunity and ER Stress. Front Immunol 2019; 10:344. [PMID: 30881358 PMCID: PMC6405522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathologies behind autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) unravel misbehavior of immune components leading to the corruption of immune homeostasis where thyroid autoantigens turn foe to the self. In AITDs lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid shows up a deranged immune system charging the follicular cells of the thyroid gland (thyrocytes) leading to the condition of either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The inflammation in AITDs consistently associate with ER function due to which disturbances in the ER protein homeostasis leads to unfolded protein response (UPR) that promotes pathogenesis of autoimmunity. The roles of ER stress in the instantaneous downregulation of MHC class I molecules on thyrocytes and the relevance of IFN γ in the pathogenesis of AITD has been well-documented. Thyroglobulin being the major target of autoantibodies in most of the AITDs is because of its unusual processing in the ER. Autoimmune disorders display a conglomeration of ER stress-induced UPR activated molecules. Several epidemiological data highlight the preponderance of AITDs in women as well as its concurrence with breast cancer. Both being an active glandular system displaying endocrine activity, thyroid as well as breast tissue show various commonalities in the expression pattern of heterogenous molecules that not only participate in the normal functioning but at the same time share the blame during disease establishment. Studies on the development and progression of breast carcinoma display a deranged and uncontrolled immune response, which is meticulously exploited during tumor metastasis. The molecular crosstalks between AITDs and breast tumor microenvironment rely on active participation of immune cells. The induction of ER stress by Tunicamycin advocates to provide a model for cancer therapy by intervening glycosylation. Therefore, this review attempts to showcase the molecules that are involved in feeding up the relationship between breast carcinoma and AITDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ayyagari Archana
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Durgashree Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry, Jan Nayak Chaudhary Devilal Dental College, Sirsa, India
| | - Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Rinki Minakshi
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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19
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Li J, Luo Y, Wang X, Feng G. Regulatory B cells and advances in transplantation. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:657-668. [PMID: 30548970 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru0518-199r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of B cell subsets with regulatory activity on the immune response to an allograft have evoked increasing interest. Here, we summarize the function and signaling of regulatory B cells (Bregs) and their potential effects on transplantation. These cells are able to suppress the immune system directly via ligand-receptor interactions and indirectly by secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, particularly IL-10. In experimental animal models, the extensively studied IL-10-producing B cells have shown unique therapeutic advantages in the transplant field. In addition, adoptive transfer of B cell subsets with regulatory activity may reveal a new approach to prolonging allograft survival. Recent clinical observations on currently available therapies targeting B cells have revealed that Bregs play an important role in immune tolerance and that these cells are expected to become a new target of immunotherapy for transplant-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Li
- Kidney Transplantation Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Luo
- Kidney Transplantation Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Guiwen Feng
- Kidney Transplantation Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Ding YG, Chen G, Li Q, Wen XF, Wei L, Yang HS. Frequency of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells associated with disease activity in thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1458-1462. [PMID: 30225218 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.09.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between IL-10-producing regulatory B (B10) cells and the clinical features of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). METHODS A total of 30 patients with TAO were recruited at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from May 2015 to December 2015. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from blood samples of 30 TAO patients and 16 healthy controls and stimulated with CD40 ligand and CpG for 48h. The frequency of IL-10+ B cells was examined by flow cytometry and the correlation between the frequency of IL-10+ B cells and clinical features of TAO was analyzed by SPSS. RESULTS The frequency of IL-10+ B cells among CD19+ B cells in TAO patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (TAO: 4.66%±1.88% vs healthy control: 6.82%±2.40%, P<0.01). The frequency of IL-10+ B cells showed a positive correlation with disease activity of TAO measured by Clinical Activity Score (CAS) (r=0.50, P<0.01), and became higher in TAO patients with family history of Graves' disease (GD) (P=0.04). CONCLUSION The decrease of the frequency of IL-10+ B cells in TAO patients indicates the deficiency of B10 cells in TAO, and the positive association with disease activity suggests its important role in TAO inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Gang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Qindao Ludong Eye Hospital, Qingdao 266600, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the First Clinical College of Northwest University for Nationalities, the Cooperative Teaching Hospital of North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua-Sheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
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Rydzewska M, Jaromin M, Pasierowska IE, Stożek K, Bossowski A. Role of the T and B lymphocytes in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid Res 2018; 11:2. [PMID: 29449887 PMCID: PMC5812228 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-018-0046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) broadly include Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis which are the most common causes of thyroid gland dysfunctions. These disorders develop due to complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors and are characterized by reactivity to self-thyroid antigens due to autoreactive lymphocytes escaping tolerance. Both cell-mediated and humoral responses lead to tissue injury in autoimmune thyroid disease. The differentiation of CD4+ cells in the specific setting of immune mediators (for example cytokines, chemokines) results in differentiation of various T cell subsets. T cell identification has shown a mixed pattern of cytokine production indicating that both subtypes of T helper, Th1 and Th2, responses are involved in all types of AITD. Furthermore, recent studies described T cell subtypes Th17 and Treg which also play an essential role in pathogenesis of AITD. This review will focus on the role of the T regulatory (Treg) and T helper (Th) (especially Th17) lymphocytes, and also of B lymphocytes in AITD pathogenesis. However, we have much more to learn about cellular mechanisms and interactions in AITD before we can develop complete understanding of AITD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rydzewska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Michał Jaromin
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Elżbieta Pasierowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Karlina Stożek
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
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Santaguida MG, Gatto I, Mangino G, Virili C, Stramazzo I, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Gargiulo P, Romeo G, Centanni M. Breg Cells in Celiac Disease Isolated or Associated to Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:5290865. [PMID: 30402096 PMCID: PMC6196981 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5290865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) may occur associated with celiac disease (CD). Regulatory B cells (Breg) subsets have been shown to play a significant role in autoimmune processes. Therefore, we have characterized their distribution in the peripheral blood obtained from 10 patients with isolated HT, 10 patients with HT + CD, 9 patients with isolated CD, and 9 healthy donors (HD). Th17 cells were significantly increased in patients with HT and in patients bearing both HT and CD, while patients with isolated CD exhibited a lower percentage of Th17, as compared with healthy donors. CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells were significantly higher in patients with HT + CD and in patients with isolated CD as compared to both HD patients and patients with isolated HT (p = 0.0010). On the contrary, Breg memory phenotypes (CD24hiCD38- and CD24hiCD27+) significantly decreased in patients with HT + CD as compared with the isolated disorders. Following CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation, IL-10+ CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells were similar in all groups of patients, despite these cells would have been higher in CD patients. In conclusion, celiac disease, isolated and even more when associated with HT, determines a peculiar behavior of Breg cells which are increased in number but possibly functionally defective. Furthermore, the association CD + HT was characterized by a reduction of Breg memory subsets as compared with the isolated disorders. The behavior of Th17 subset in patients with celiac disease associated with HT might have been sensitive to the effect of long-lasting GFD, and it is essentially determined by the presence of thyroid autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Santaguida
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Ilenia Gatto
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Camilla Virili
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stramazzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Gargiulo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy
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Increased Circulating Th17 but Decreased CD4 +Foxp3 + Treg and CD19 +CD1d hiCD5 + Breg Subsets in New-Onset Graves' Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8431838. [PMID: 29259988 PMCID: PMC5702927 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8431838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Th17 and regulatory lymphocyte subsets such as Tregs and Bregs have been reported to play important roles in autoimmune diseases. The aim of this work was to perform quantitative studies of circulating Th17, Tregs, and Bregs in patients with new-onset Graves' disease (GD). Twenty GD patients and 20 healthy controls were involved in this study. Blood samples were taken for flow cytometry detection of CD4+IL-17+ Th17, CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs, and CD19+CD1dhiCD5+ Bregs and meanwhile, for real-time PCR measurement of gene expressions of RORγt, IL-17 and IL-10. The proportions of Tregs and Bregs as well as the Foxp3 gene expression but not IL-10 were significantly decreased in GD group compared with the healthy controls. The frequency of Th17 together with the gene expressions of RORγt and IL-17 were significantly increased in the GD group. Furthermore, the Th17/Treg ratio was also significantly higher in GD group. A significant positive correlation between Th17 and TSAb (r = 0.656, p < 0.001) but significant negative correlations between Treg/Breg and TSAb (r = −0.339, p = 0.032; r = −0.759, p < 0.001) were identified among the participants. This study indicated that increased Th17 and impaired Treg responses, along with a decreased number of CD19+CD1dhiCD5+ Breg cells, were involved in GD pathogenesis.
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24
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BREG cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis isolated or associated to further organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2017; 184:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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25
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Gudbrandsdottir S, Brimnes M, Køllgaard T, Hasselbalch HC, Nielsen CH. Effects of rituximab and dexamethasone on regulatory and proinflammatory B-cell subsets in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 2017; 100:45-52. [PMID: 28960473 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the cytokine production and surface marker composition of B cells in adult patients with newly diagnosed primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) before and 12 months after treatment with rituximab + dexamethasone (RTX+DXM) or dexamethasone (DXM). METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from nine patients treated with RTX+DXM, seven patients treated with DXM, and seven healthy donors. Expression of the cell-surface markers CD5, CD27, CD25, and CD19, and intracellular content of IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS PBMCs from ITP patients at baseline contained a lower proportion of IL-10+ B cells (P < .01) and IL-6+ B cells (P < .01) than healthy controls. All patients responded to therapy and levels were normalized at 12 months. The proportion of CD5+ B cells increased (P < .01) and CD27+ memory B cells decreased (P < .05) 12 months after treatment with RTX+DXM compared to baseline, with an inverse correlation between platelet numbers and the proportion of CD27+ B cells (R = -0.71; P < .05). CONCLUSION Both treatment regimens normalized the frequencies of cytokine-producing B cells. The additional increase in CD5+ B cells after RTX+DXM is compatible with induction of Bregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sif Gudbrandsdottir
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Brimnes
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tania Køllgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Claus H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Dysfunction of CD24+CD38+ B cells in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is associated with a lack of interleukin 10. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 90:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Vitales-Noyola M, Ramos-Levi AM, Martínez-Hernández R, Serrano-Somavilla A, Sampedro-Nuñez M, González-Amaro R, Marazuela M. Pathogenic Th17 and Th22 cells are increased in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Endocrine 2017; 57:409-417. [PMID: 28669056 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the levels of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Th17 and Th22 cells in autoimmune thyroid disorders patients. Although Th17 cells seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune disorders, the specific subsets of these lymphocytes have not been analyzed in this condition. METHODS We assessed the levels of Th17 (pathogenic and non-pathogenic) and Th22 cells in peripheral blood and thyroid glands of autoimmune thyroid disorders patients (n = 26, 16 with Graves' disease and 10 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis) and 15 healthy controls by multi-parametric flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS We found increased levels of pathogenic Th17 lymphocytes and Th22 cells in peripheral blood from autoimmune thyroid disorders patients. In addition, these cells were detected in thyroid glands from HT patients. Furthermore, we found significant correlations between the levels of these cells and disease activity, disease duration, and the presence of ophthalmopathy. CONCLUSIONS The increased levels of pathogenic Th17 lymphocytes and Th22 cells in autoimmune thyroid disorders suggest their involvement in the pathogenesis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Vitales-Noyola
- Departament of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ana M Ramos-Levi
- Department of Endocrinology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Martínez-Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Serrano-Somavilla
- Department of Endocrinology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sampedro-Nuñez
- Department of Endocrinology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto González-Amaro
- Departament of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Research Center of Health Sciences and Biomedicine (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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Aravena O, Ferrier A, Menon M, Mauri C, Aguillón JC, Soto L, Catalán D. TIM-1 defines a human regulatory B cell population that is altered in frequency and function in systemic sclerosis patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:8. [PMID: 28103916 PMCID: PMC5248463 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by excessive production of extracellular matrix by fibroblasts on skin and internal organs. Although Th2 cells have been involved in fibroblast stimulation, hyperactivated B cells may also play an important role. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are cells capable of inhibiting inflammatory responses and controlling autoimmune diseases. Although many Breg populations have in common the ability to produce high amounts of IL-10, a unique surface marker defining most human Bregs is lacking. It has been described in mice that T cell Ig and mucin domain protein 1 (TIM-1) is an inclusive marker for Bregs, and that TIM-1+ B cells are able to prevent the development of autoimmunity. The aim of this work was to evaluate TIM-1 as a marker for human IL-10+ Bregs, and to determine whether TIM-1+ B cells are defective in SSc patients. METHODS SSc patients (n = 39) and 53 healthy subjects were recruited. TIM-1 and IL-10 expression was assessed in resting or activated peripheral blood CD19+ B cells by flow cytometry. The regulatory function of TIM-1+ or activated B cells from SSc patients and healthy subjects was assessed in autologous and allogenic co-cultures with CD4+ T cells, where T cell proliferation and IFN-γ, IL-17, TNF-α and IL-4 production by T cells was measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS TIM-1 and IL-10 were preferentially expressed in transitional B cells, but were upregulated in naïve and memory B cells upon stimulation. The frequency of transitional TIM-1+ IL-10+ B cells was significantly decreased in SSc patients compared to healthy controls. In addition, activated B cells from SSc patients induced stronger allogenic Th1 and Th2 responses than activated B cells from healthy controls. Finally, TIM-1+ B cells, including transitional and non-transitional cells, exhibited a higher CD4+ T cell suppressive ability than TIM-1- B cells in healthy controls, but not in SSc patients. CONCLUSIONS TIM-1 is a unique marker for the identification of a human IL-10+ Breg subpopulation which is partially superimposed with transitional B cells. Alterations in TIM-1+ B cells could contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases such as SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Aravena
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, and Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ashley Ferrier
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, and Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Madhvi Menon
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Mauri
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, and Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Soto
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, and Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Catalán
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, and Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
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Gerenova J, Stanilova S. IL-12B and IL-10 gene polymorphisms in the development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Int J Immunogenet 2016; 43:397-403. [PMID: 27774749 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional genetic polymorphisms that altered gene expression of cytokines are candidate genetic factors that could modulate the development and progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). IL-12B gene encoded the IL-12p40 subunit, which is included in the pro-inflammatory heterodimeric cytokines IL-12p70 and IL-23. IL-10 is an important Treg cytokine suppressing inflammatory cytokine production and autoimmunity. This study was designed to compare -1082A/GIL-10 and +1188A/C3'UTRIL-12B genotype distribution in 130 patients with HT to a group of 157 healthy controls in attempts to determine an association with HT development. Genotyping for the 3'UTRA/C IL-12B polymorphism was performed using RFLP-PCR and genotyping for -1082A/G IL-10 by ARMS-PCR assay. Patients with HT were divided into euthyroid and hypothyroid stages. There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of the IL-12B polymorphism between patients with HT and controls. We observed higher euthyroid HT risk for individuals with CC genotype, unlike to develop hypothyroidism with OR = 1.68. Regarding the polymorphism rs1800896, it was shown the significantly higher frequency of homozygous genotype GG in cases vs controls (OR = 2.19; P = 0.024). Moreover, the combination of genotype AA of 3'UTRIL-12B with GG of -1082IL-10 was associated with a threefold increasing risk (OR = 3.188; P = 0.022) of developing HT compared to individuals with the presence of 3'UTR allele C (AC+CC) simultaneously with AA genotype of -1082IL-10. Our data raise the possibility that the combined effect of polymorphisms from proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be more decisive to HT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gerenova
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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30
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Ramos-Leví AM, Marazuela M. Pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune disease: the role of cellular mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endoen.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Gerenova J, Manolova I, Stanilova S. Impact of IL-10 and IL-12B single nucleotide polymorphisms on circulating cytokine level in development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1173522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Gerenova
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Manolova
- Medical Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Medical Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Ramos-Leví AM, Marazuela M. Pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune disease: the role of cellular mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 63:421-9. [PMID: 27234136 DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are two very common organ-specific autoimmune diseases which are characterized by circulating antibodies and lymphocyte infiltration. Although humoral and cellular mechanisms have been classically considered separately in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), recent research suggests a close reciprocal relationship between these two immune pathways. Several B- and T-cell activation pathways through antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and cytokine production lead to specific differentiation of T helper (Th) and T regulatory (Treg) cells. This review will focus on the cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AITD. Specifically, it will provide reasons for discarding the traditional simplistic dichotomous view of the T helper type 1 and 2 pathways (Th1/Th2) and will focus on the role of the recently characterized T cells, Treg and Th17 lymphocytes, as well as B lymphocytes and APCs, especially dendritic cells (DCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Ramos-Leví
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Nielsen CH, Börnsen L, Sellebjerg F, Brimnes MK. Myelin Basic Protein-Induced Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6, and Presentation of the Immunodominant Peptide MBP85-99 by B Cells from Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146971. [PMID: 26756931 PMCID: PMC4710535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells are involved in driving relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), as demonstrated by the positive effect of therapeutic B-cell depletion. Aside from producing antibodies, B cells are efficient antigen-presenting and cytokine-secreting cells. Diverse polyclonal stimuli have been used to study cytokine production by B cells, but here we used the physiologically relevant self-antigen myelin basic protein (MBP) to stimulate B cells from untreated patients with RRMS and healthy donors. Moreover, we took advantage of the unique ability of the monoclonal antibody MK16 to recognize the immunodominant peptide MBP85-99 presented on HLA-DR15, and used it as a probe to directly study B-cell presentation of self-antigenic peptide. The proportions of B cells producing TNF-α or IL-6 after stimulation with MBP were higher in RRMS patients than in healthy donors, indicating a pro-inflammatory profile for self-reactive patient B cells. In contrast, polyclonal stimulation with PMA + ionomycin and MBP revealed no difference in cytokine profile between B cells from RRMS patients and healthy donors. Expanded disability status scale (EDSS) as well as multiple sclerosis severity score (MSSS) correlated with reduced ability of B cells to produce IL-10 after stimulation with MBP, indicative of diminished B-cell immune regulatory function in patients with the most severe disease. Moreover, EDSS correlated positively with the frequencies of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 producing B cells after polyclonal stimulation. Patient-derived, IL-10-producing B cells presented MBP85-99 poorly, as did IL-6-producing B cells, particulary in the healthy donor group. B cells from MS patients thus present antigen to T cells in a pro-inflammatory context. These findings contribute to understanding the therapeutic effects of B-cell depletion in human autoimmune diseases, including MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus H. Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Lars Börnsen
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Sellebjerg
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie K. Brimnes
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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