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Xu J, Li J, Yan Y, Han P, Tong Y, Li X. SW16-7, a Novel Ackermannviridae Bacteriophage with Highly Effective Lytic Activity Targets Salmonella enterica Serovar Weltevreden. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2090. [PMID: 37630650 PMCID: PMC10458263 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden is a foodborne pathogen commonly transmitted through fresh vegetables and seafood. In this study, a lytic phage, SW16-7, was isolated from medical sewage, demonstrating high infectivity against S. Weltevreden, S. London, S. Meleagridis, and S. Give of Group O:3. In vitro inhibition assays revealed its effective antibacterial effect for up to 12 h. Moreover, analysis using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) and the Virulence Factor Database (VFDB) showed that SW16-7's genome does not contain any virulence factors or antibiotic resistance genes, indicating its potential as a promising biocontrol agent against S. Weltevreden. Additionally, a TSP gene cluster was identified in SW16-7's genome, with TSP1 and TSP2 showing a high similarity to lysogenic phages ε15 and ε34, respectively, in the C-terminal region. The whole-genome phylogenetic analysis classified SW16-7 within the Ackermannviridae family and indicated a close relationship with Agtrevirus, which is consistent with the ANI results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Xu
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (J.X.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jia Li
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (J.X.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yi Yan
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (J.X.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Pengjun Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (P.H.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yigang Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (P.H.); (Y.T.)
| | - Xu Li
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (J.X.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.)
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Williams M, Shamsi S, Williams T, Hernandez-Jover M. Bacteria of Zoonotic Interest Identified on Edible Freshwater Fish Imported to Australia. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061288. [PMID: 36981215 PMCID: PMC10048124 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that freshwater edible fish imported into Australia are not compliant with Australian importation guidelines and as a result may be high risk for bacterial contamination. In the present study, the outer surface of imported freshwater fish were swabbed, cultured, confirmatory tests performed and antimicrobial patterns investigated. Channidae fish (Sp. A/n = 66) were contaminated with zoonotic Salmonella sp./Staphylococcus aureus (n = 1/66) and other bacteria implicated in cases of opportunistic human infection, these being Pseudomonas sp. (including P. mendocina and P. pseudoalcaligenes (n = 34/66)); Micrococcus sp. (n = 32/66); Comamonas testosteroni (n = 27/66) and Rhizobium radiobacter (n = 3/66). Pangasiidae fish (Species B/n = 47) were contaminated with zoonotic Vibrio fluvialis (n = 10/47); Salmonella sp. (n = 6/47) and environmental bacteria Micrococcus sp. (n = 3/47). One sample was resistant to all antimicrobials tested and is considered to be Methicillin Resistant S. aureus. Mud, natural diet, or vegetation identified in Sp. A fish/or packaging were significantly associated with the presence of Pseudomonas spp. The study also showed that visibly clean fish (Sp. B) may harbour zoonotic bacteria and that certain types of bacteria are common to fish groups, preparations, and contaminants. Further investigations are required to support the development of appropriate food safety recommendations in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Williams
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Thomas Williams
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Marta Hernandez-Jover
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
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Nakayama T, Shiori Yamamoto, Natsuki Ohata, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Michio Jinnai, Doan Tran Nguyen Minh, Oanh Nguyen Hoang, Hien LE Thi, Phong Ngo Thanh, Phuong Hoang Hoai, Phuc Nguyen DO, Chinh Dang VAN, Yuko Kumeda, Atsushi Hase. Common presence of plasmid encoding bla CTX-M-55 in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates from the same edible river fish. JOURNAL OF MICROORGANISM CONTROL 2023; 28:49-56. [PMID: 37394527 DOI: 10.4265/jmc.28.2_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The transmission of potentially life-threatening plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a major threat to public health. This study aimed to determine the presence of commonly observed plasmids encoding plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistance genes in Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates from fishery products. Eighty river fishes were purchased from retail stores and supermarkets in Vietnam. Only Salmonella-positive fishes were used for antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolation. Salmonella serotyping was performed using Salmonella antisera. Isolated bacterial DNA was extracted, and antibiotic susceptibility, resistance genes, and replicon typing were determined. Our results showed that Salmonella was isolated from 12.5% (10/80) of the river fishes. Cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella was isolated from 3.8% (3/80) of the fishes and colistin-resistant Salmonella from 1.3% (1/80) . Salmonella serotyping revealed Potsdam, Schwarzengrund, Bardo/Newport, Give, Infantis, Kentucky, and Typhimurium. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-related genes blaCTX-M-55 and blaCTX-M-65 and the colistin resistance gene mcr-1. To date, no study has reported an antibiotic-resistance plasmid present in multiple bacteria collected from the same food. Thus, horizontal transmission of antibiotic-resistance plasmids may occur at the food level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nakayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Shiori Yamamoto
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | | | | | - Michio Jinnai
- Department of Microbiology, Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuko Kumeda
- Research Center of Microorganism Control, Osaka Metropolitan University
| | - Atsushi Hase
- Faculty of Contemporary Human Life Science, Tezukayama University
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Porto YD, Fogaça FHDS, Andrade AO, da Silva LKS, Lima JP, da Silva JL, Vieira BS, Cunha Neto A, Figueiredo EEDS, Tassinari WDS. Salmonella spp. in Aquaculture: An Exploratory Analysis (Integrative Review) of Microbiological Diagnoses between 2000 and 2020. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:27. [PMID: 36611639 PMCID: PMC9817981 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize, through descriptive statistics, data from scientific articles selected in a systematic integrative review that performed a microbiological diagnosis of Salmonella spp. in aquaculture. Data were obtained from research articles published in the BVS, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The selected studies were published between 2000 and 2020 on samples of aquaculture animal production (fish, shrimp, bivalve mollusks, and other crustaceans) and environmental samples of aquaculture activity (farming water, soil, and sediments). After applying the exclusion criteria, 80 articles were selected. Data such as country of origin, categories of fish investigated, methods of microbiological diagnosis of Salmonella spp., sample units analyzed and most reported serovars were mined. A textual analysis of the word cloud and by similarity and descending hierarchical classification with the application of Reinert's algorithm was performed using R® and Iramuteq® software. The results showed that a higher percentage of the selected articles came from Asian countries (38.75%). Fish was the most sampled category, and the units of analysis of the culture water, muscle and intestine were more positive. The culture isolation method is the most widespread, supported by more accurate techniques such as PCR. The most prevalent Salmonella serovars reported were S. Typhimurium, S. Weltevreden and S. Newport. The textual analysis showed a strong association of the terms "Salmonella", "fish" and "water", and the highest hierarchical class grouped 25.4% of the associated text segments, such as "aquaculture", "food" and "public health". The information produced characterizes the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in the aquaculture sector, providing an overview of recent years. Future research focusing on strategies for the control and prevention of Salmonella spp. in fish production are necessary and should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Duarte Porto
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Veterinary, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23897-000, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Oliveira Andrade
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23897-000, Brazil
| | | | - Janine Passos Lima
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luiz da Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso (IFMT), São Vicente da Serra 78106-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Serpa Vieira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia 38410-337, Brazil
| | - Adelino Cunha Neto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner de Souza Tassinari
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23897-000, Brazil
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Phu DH, Wongtawan T, Truong DB, Van Cuong N, Carrique-Mas J, Thomrongsuwannakij T. A systematic review and meta-analysis of integrated studies on antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam, with a focus on Enterobacteriaceae, from a One Health perspective. One Health 2022; 15:100465. [PMID: 36561710 PMCID: PMC9767812 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vietnam is a low- and middle-income country (LMIC), a primary food producer, and an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) hotspot. AMR is recognized as a One Health challenge since it may transfer between humans, animals and the environment. This study aimed to apply systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the phenotypic profiles and correlations of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae across three compartments: humans, animals and the environment in Vietnam. A total of 89 articles found in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases were retrieved for qualitative synthesis. E. coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) were the most common bacterial species in studies of all compartments (60/89 studies). Among antimicrobials classified as critically important, the resistance levels were observed to be highest to quinolones, 3rd generation of cephalosporins, penicillins, and aminoglycosides. Of 89 studies, 55 articles reported the resistance prevalence of E. coli and NTS in healthy humans, animals and the environment against ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, ampicillin, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, chloramphenicol was used for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence was found highest in E. coli against ampicillin 84.0% (95% CI 73.0-91.0%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 66.0% (95% CI 56.0-75.0%) while in NTS they were 34.0% (95% CI 24.0-46.0%), 33.0% (95% CI 25.0-42.0%), respectively. There were no significant differences in the pooled prevalence of E. coli and NTS to these antimicrobials across healthy humans, animals and the environment, except for ceftazidime-resistant E. coli (χ2 = 8.29, p = 0.02), chloramphenicol-resistant E.coli (χ2 = 9.65, p < 0.01) and chloramphenicol-resistant NTS (χ2 = 7.51, p = 0.02). Findings from the multiple meta-regression models indicated that the AMR levels in E. coli (β = 1.887, p < 0.001) and the North (β = 0.798, p = 0.047) had a higher fraction of AMR than NTS and other regions of Vietnam. The outcomes of this study play an important role as the baseline information for further investigation and follow-up intervention strategies to tackle AMR in Vietnam, and more generally, can be adapted to other LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Hoang Phu
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and other Microorganism, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Dinh Bao Truong
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Van Cuong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam,Ausvet PTY LTD, Bruce ACT 2617, Canberra, Australia
| | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ha Noi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Corresponding author at: Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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Egorova SA, Nguyen TQ, Kaftyreva LA, Kozhukhova EA, Makarova MA, Hoang CQ, Vu NH, Dang HT, Tran TQL, Vo TK, Nguyen LT, Nguyen DTN, Bui TLK, Nguyen TLK. Serological structure and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolated from human and food items in Southern provinces of Viet Nam. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-spa-1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The article suggests currently relevant data on the serogroup structure and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella strains isolated in the southern provinces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The study included 189 Salmonella strains, isolated from feces of human with acute diarrhea (86 strains) and pork samples (103 strains). Serological identification to O-group was fulfilled by slide agglutination with O- and H- antisera and multiply PCR to detect H phase-1 and phase-2. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was made by disk-diffusion method according EUCAST (version 2019). Strains isolated from human predominantly belonged to O4 group (69,8%), percentage of other serogroups fluctuated from 1,2% (rare group O16) to 11,6 % (O9). About a half of strains (44,7%) isolated from pork turned to belong to О3,10 serogroup (versus 7,0 % of strains from human beings). Such serogroups as О7, О4 and О8 happened to be less frequent (22,3%, 14,6% and 13,6%, respectively). The singular strains belonged to serogroups О9, О13 and О18. Whatever the isolation source about 80% Salmonella strains turned to be resistant to antibiotics from different antimicrobial groups (not to carbapenems): 67,0% were resistant to tetracycline, about a half of strains (54,0, 47,1 and 46,6%) - to pefloxacin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol, up to 40% - to trimetoprime/sulfametoxazole and nalidixic acid. The proportion of strains resistant to ceftriaxone and gentamycin happened to look obviously bigger in those of human origin versus those of pork origin: 12,8% vs.1,0% and 30,2 vs 1,9%, respectively. More over, 62,8% strains of human origin and 43,7% - from pork demonstrated multidrug resistance (to 3 and more antimicrobial groups). The simultaneous resistance to 6 antimicrobial groups was detected much more frequently in Salmonella strains isolated from human beings than in those isolated from pork samples (15,1% vs. 1,0%, respectively) as well. Multidrug resistance demonstrated strains of different serovars, predominantly S. Typhimurium (36,4%). Predominant multidrug resistance phenotype AMP, TE, QN, C, SXT (30,3%) was revealed in serovars S. Typhimurium, S. Bredeney, S. Corvallis, S. Give, S. London, S. Rissen, S. Meleagridis. So, Salmonella strains having been isolated in southern provinces of Viet Nam demonstrated the resistance to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins that given the simultaneous loss of susceptibility to the old antimicrobials (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/ sulfametoxazole) crucially restricts the list of medicines potent to treat complicated salmonellosis cases.
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Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Enteritidis Isolated from Raw Shrimp in Bangladesh: An Investigation Based on Molecular Characteristics, Survival, Virulence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Biofilm Formation Attributes. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3420364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp is the white gold of Bangladesh, with the second-highest income source from exporting to foreign countries. Contamination with Salmonella spp. is now one of the significant issues for Bangladesh to export. Proper characterization of the salmonella pathogen is thus necessary to avoid undesirable losses due to the rejection of exported shrimp. In Bangladesh, the present condition of raw shrimp contamination with pathogenic Salmonella serovars and their survival/virulence properties was not adequately characterized. In this study, we collected 43 raw shrimps as samples from different farms in Jashore, Khulna, and Sathkhira regions. We then maintained standard cultural and biochemical protocols for isolating Salmonella strains, followed by the molecular identification of particular Salmonella serovars. The standard method for checking its credibility to form biofilm in 0–10% NaCl, tolerate acid/bile stress likewise in the gastrointestinal tract, and resist antimicrobial pressure was performed individually with the particular pathogenic strains. Our results successfully identified eleven Salmonella strains with three typhimurium serovars and three enteritidis serovars, which have biofilm-forming capability up to 4–8% NaCl, acid/bile habituation alike stomach/small intestine of humans, and resistance against necessary antibiotics generally used in treating human and poultry infection signifying the impending danger in the shrimp industry. While previous studies of Bangladesh successfully isolated Salmonella only presumptively, our research focused mainly on molecular characterization of the human Salmonella pathogen along with important survival and virulent attributes, such as biofilm formation, acid/bile tolerance, and antibiotic resistance of selected S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis strains. Further study with more sampling will be necessary to confer the transmission route of the pathogen from the natural reservoir to the shrimp industry.
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Indrotristanto N, Andarwulan N, Fardiaz D, Dewanti-Hariyadi R. Prioritization of food – pathogen pairs in export refusals of fishery commodities from Indonesia. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050593. [PMID: 34067579 PMCID: PMC8157006 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens as causative agents of infection constitute an alarming concern in the public health sector. In particular, bacteria with resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents can confound chemotherapeutic efficacy towards infectious diseases. Multidrug-resistant bacteria harbor various molecular and cellular mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance. These antimicrobial resistance mechanisms include active antimicrobial efflux, reduced drug entry into cells of pathogens, enzymatic metabolism of antimicrobial agents to inactive products, biofilm formation, altered drug targets, and protection of antimicrobial targets. These microbial systems represent suitable focuses for investigation to establish the means for their circumvention and to reestablish therapeutic effectiveness. This review briefly summarizes the various antimicrobial resistance mechanisms that are harbored within infectious bacteria.
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Hounmanou YMG, Dalsgaard A, Sopacua TF, Uddin GMN, Leekitcharoenphon P, Hendriksen RS, Olsen JE, Larsen MH. Molecular Characteristics and Zoonotic Potential of Salmonella Weltevreden From Cultured Shrimp and Tilapia in Vietnam and China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1985. [PMID: 32983012 PMCID: PMC7477899 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Weltevreden is increasingly reported from aquatic environments, seafood, and patients in several Southeast Asian countries. Using genome-wide analysis, we characterized S. Weltevreden isolated from cultured shrimp and tilapia from Vietnam and China to study their genetic characteristics and relatedness to clinical isolates of S. Weltevreden ST-365. The phylogenetic analysis revealed up to 312 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference between tilapia isolates, whereas isolates from shrimp were genetically more closely related. Epidemiologically unrelated isolates from Vietnam were closely related to isolates from China, e.g., 20 SNPs differences between strains 28V and 75C. In comparison with strains from other parts of the world, our environmental isolates predominantly clustered within the continental South Asia lineage, constituted mostly of strains from human stool with as low as seven SNPs difference, e.g., 30V versus Cont_ERR495254. All sequenced isolates were MLST type ST-365 and contained the major virulence-related genes encoded by the Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands 1–5. Ten of the isolates harbored the IncFII(S) plasmid similar to the virulence genes-mediated plasmid pSPCV of S. Paratyphi C, and one isolate had the IncQ1 plasmid on the same contig with strA/B, sul2, and tetA resistance genes similar to the IncQ1 type, pNUC of S. Typhimurium. A pangenomic analysis yielded 7891 genes including a core genome of 4892 genes, with a closely related accessory genome content between clinical and environmental isolates (Benjamini p > 0.05). In a search for differences that could explain the higher prevalence of S. Weltevreden in aquatic samples, genomes were compared with those of other Salmonella enterica serovars. S. Weltevreden revealed specific regions harboring glpX (Fructose-1;6-bisphosphatase; class II), rfbC (dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3;5-epimerase), and cmtB (PTS Mannitol-specific cryptic phosphotransferase enzyme IIA component) involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis pathways. Our study builds grounds for future experiments to determine genes or pathways that are essential when S. Weltevreden are in aquatic environments and microbial interactions providing survival advantages to S. Weltevreden in such environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaovi M G Hounmanou
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Dalsgaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tirzania Frannetta Sopacua
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gazi Md Noor Uddin
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rene S Hendriksen
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John E Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Halberg Larsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Distribution of Salmonella Serovars in Humans, Foods, Farm Animals and Environment, Companion and Wildlife Animals in Singapore. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165774. [PMID: 32785026 PMCID: PMC7460486 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the epidemiological distribution of Salmonella serovars in humans, foods, animals and the environment as a One-Health step towards identifying risk factors for human salmonellosis. Throughout the 2012-2016 period, Salmonella ser. Enteritidis was consistently the predominating serovar attributing to >20.0% of isolates in humans. Other most common serovars in humans include Salmonella ser. Stanley, Salmonella ser. Weltevreden, Salmonella ser. Typhimurium and Salmonella ser. 4,5,12:b:-(dT+). S. Enteritidis was also the most frequent serovar found among the isolates from chicken/chicken products (28.5%) and eggs/egg products (61.5%) during the same period. In contrast, S. Typhimurium (35.2%) and Salmonella ser. Derby (18.8%) were prevalent in pork/pork products. S. Weltevreden was more frequent in seafood (19.2%) than others (≤3.0%). Most isolates (>80.0%) from farms, companion and wildlife animals belonged to serovars other than S. Enteritidis or S. Typhimurium. Findings demonstrate the significance of a One-Health investigative approach to understand the epidemiology Salmonella for more effective and integrated surveillance systems.
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Patel A, Jeyasekaran G, Jeyashakila R, Anand T, Wilwet L, Pathak N, Malini AH, Neethiselvan N. Prevalence of antibiotic resistant Salmonella spp. strains in shrimp farm source waters of Nagapattinam region in South India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 155:111171. [PMID: 32469781 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella spp. in the source waters of shrimp farms in the Nagapattinam region of South India was investigated. Water and sediment samples (188 Nos.) collected from 23 natural creeks during December 2018 to April 2019 were examined for Salmonella spp. by conventional and PCR methods. The study indicated 28.7% of water and 25.5% of sediment isolates as Salmonella spp., while PCR test gave positive for 7.44% and 5.15% of the isolates, respectively. The isolates were resistant to sulfonamide (SF), but sensitive to tetracycline (TC), chloramphenicol (CAP), and furazolidone (FZ). PCR amplification of mitochondrial 16S rRNA region identified the highly resistant Salmonella serovar as S. Montevideo, which is an emerging food-borne pathogen. The incidence of antibiotic-resistant S. Montevideo reported for the first time in the natural creeks that supply water for shrimp farms emphasizes the need for regulatory steps to control its prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akalesh Patel
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance & Management, FC&RI, TNJFU, Thoothukudi 628008, India
| | | | - Robinson Jeyashakila
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance & Management, FC&RI, TNJFU, Thoothukudi 628008, India
| | - Theivasigamani Anand
- Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Nagapattinam 611002, India
| | - Lidiya Wilwet
- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Neeraj Pathak
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance & Management, FC&RI, TNJFU, Thoothukudi 628008, India
| | - Asha Hema Malini
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance & Management, FC&RI, TNJFU, Thoothukudi 628008, India
| | - Neethirajan Neethiselvan
- Department of Fishing Technology & Fisheries Engineering, FC&RI, TNJFU, Thoothukudi 628008, India
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13
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Yen NTP, Nhung NT, Van NTB, Cuong NV, Tien Chau LT, Trinh HN, Tuat CV, Tu ND, Phu Huong Lan N, Campbell J, Thwaites G, Baker S, Carrique-Mas J. Antimicrobial residues, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Vibrio spp. and associated microbiological hazards in retail shrimps purchased in Ho Chi Minh city (Vietnam). Food Control 2020; 107:106756. [PMID: 31902975 PMCID: PMC6894321 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated antimicrobial residues, non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Vibrio spp. and their associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR), in shrimps locally purchased in Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam). In addition, we investigated the relationship between AMR in NTS, Vibrio spp. and antimicrobial residue in the same sample. A total of 40 samples of shrimp heads/shells from different retail sources was cultured using ISO 6579-1:2017 (NTS) and ISO/TS 21872-1:2007 (Vibrio spp.). Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility was investigated using Vitek (NTS, 34 antimicrobials) and disk diffusion (Vibrio spp., 12 antimicrobials). A total of 9 (22.5%) samples contained antimicrobial residue, including tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and macrolides (in 7.5%, 7.5%, 2.5% and 2.5% of samples, respectively). Shrimp samples from supermarkets had a higher prevalence of antimicrobial residue than those purchased in street markets (50% vs. 13.3%) (p = 0.049). A total of 30 (75%) samples were contaminated with NTS. All samples contained Vibrio spp., with V. parahaemolyticus being most common (87.5% samples). A total of 58.9% NTS isolates were multidrug resistant. With regards to the highest priority, critically important antimicrobials, the highest resistance corresponded to quinolones (14.4-47.8%), followed by 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins (3.3-7.8%). Vibrio spp. isolates were characterised by their high resistance against ampicillin (82.7%) and 3rd generation cephalosporins (8.3-16.5%). Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) activity was detected in 28.1% V. parahaemolyticus isolates. Half of ESBL-positive V. parahaemolyticus strains harboured bla CTX-M1. We found an association between the presence of residues and the number of resistances for NTS (p = 0.075) and Vibrio spp. isolates (p = 0.093) from the same sample. These findings suggest that the presence of residues may contribute to the selection of AMR in foodborne pathogens in shrimps. Authorities should strengthen policies aiming at restricting inappropriate antimicrobial usage in shrimp farming, and step up monitoring of antimicrobial residues and food-borne pathogens at retail in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Nhung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Bich Van
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Van Cuong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Le Tran Tien Chau
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Huynh Ngoc Trinh
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Chu Van Tuat
- National Centre for Veterinary Hygiene Inspection No. I, 28 Ngo 78, Giai Phong, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Dong Tu
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - James Campbell
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Thwaites
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Baker
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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14
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Salmonella in Retail Food and Wild Birds in Singapore-Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Sequence Types. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214235. [PMID: 31683716 PMCID: PMC6862270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is a leading cause of foodborne zoonosis. To better understand the epidemiology of human salmonellosis, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and sequence types of Salmonella in retail food and wild birds (proximity to humans) in Singapore. We analyzed 21,428 cooked and ready-to-eat food and 1,510 residual faecal samples of wild birds collected during 2010–2015. Thirty-two Salmonella isolates from food and wild birds were subjected to disc diffusion and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Salmonella was isolated from 0.08% (17/21,428) of food and 0.99% (15/1510) of wild birds. None of the isolates from wild birds (n = 15) exhibited phenotypic resistance, while the isolates from food (47.1%, 8/17) showed a high prevalence of phenotypic resistance to, at least, one antimicrobial. These findings suggested that the avian Salmonella isolates had been subjected to less antimicrobial selection pressure than those from food samples. MLST revealed specific sequence types found in both food and wild birds. The study can guide future studies with whole-genome analysis on a larger number of isolates from various sectors for public health measures.
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15
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Ferrari RG, Rosario DKA, Cunha-Neto A, Mano SB, Figueiredo EES, Conte-Junior CA. Worldwide Epidemiology of Salmonella Serovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e00591-19. [PMID: 31053586 PMCID: PMC6606869 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00591-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella spp. are among the most important foodborne pathogens and the third leading cause of human death among diarrheal diseases worldwide. Animals are the primary source of this pathogen, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Thus, understanding the global epidemiology of Salmonella serovars is key to controlling and monitoring this bacterium. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and diversity of Salmonella enterica serovars in animal-based foods (beef, pork, poultry, and seafood) throughout the five continents (Africa, the Americas [North and Latin America], Asia, Europe, and Oceania). The meta-analysis consisted of a chemometric assessment (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) to identify the main epidemiological findings, including the prevalence and diversity of the Salmonella serovars in each matrix. Regarding the serovar distribution, S Typhimurium presented a cosmopolitan distribution, reported in all four assessed matrices and continents; poultry continues to play a central role in the dissemination of the Enteritidis serovar to humans, and Anatum and Weltevreden were the most frequently found in beef and seafood, respectively. Additionally, we recommended careful monitoring of certain serovars, such as Derby, Agona, Infantis, and Kentucky. Finally, given the scientific data regarding the most frequently reported serovars and which matrices constitute the main vehicles for the transmission of this pathogen, control programs may be improved, and specific interventions may be implemented in an attempt to reduce the risk of this pathogen reaching humans.IMPORTANCE Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella spp. and is the third leading cause of death among food-transmitted diseases. This pathogen is commonly disseminated in domestic and wild animals, and the infection's symptoms are characterized by acute fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The animals are the primary source of salmonellae, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Therefore, data collected from these sources could contribute to future global interventions for effective control and surveillance of Salmonella along the food chain. In light of this, the importance of our research is in identifying the prevalence of Salmonella serovars in four animal-based food matrices (pork, poultry, beef, and seafood) and to evaluate the importance that each matrix has as the primary source of this pathogen to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela G Ferrari
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denes K A Rosario
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adelino Cunha-Neto
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
- Nutrition, Food and Metabolism Program, Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Sérgio B Mano
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E S Figueiredo
- Animal Science Program, Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
- Nutrition, Food and Metabolism Program, Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Conte-Junior
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Health Quality Control, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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16
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Prevalence and characterisation of Salmonella Waycross and Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae in Nile perch (Lates niloticus) of Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Le Thi Phuong T, Rattanavong S, Vongsouvath M, Davong V, Phu Huong Lan N, Campbell JI, Darton TC, Thwaites GE, Newton PN, Dance DAB, Baker S. Non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars associated with invasive and non-invasive disease in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2019; 111:418-424. [PMID: 29342283 PMCID: PMC5914354 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trx076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease is a well-described cause of mortality in children and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, there is an ill-defined burden of iNTS disease in Southeast Asia. Methods Aiming to investigate the causative serovars of non-invasive and iNTS disease and their associated antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, we performed multilocus sequence typing and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling on 168 NTS (63 blood and 105 faecal) organisms isolated in Lao between 2000 and 2012. Results Six different serovars were isolated from blood; Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (n=28), S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (n=19) and S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis (n=11) accounted for >90% (58/63) of the iNTS disease cases. In contrast, the isolates from diarrhoeal faeces were comprised of 18 different serovars, the mostly commonly identified being S. enterica Typhimurium (n=28), S. enterica Weltevreden (n=14) and S. enterica Stanley (n=15). S. enterica Enteritidis and S. enterica Choleraesuis were significantly more associated with systemic disease than diarrhoeal disease in this patient group (p<0.001). Conclusions We find a differing distribution of Salmonella sequence types/serovars between those causing iNTS disease and non-invasive disease in Lao. We conclude that there is a small but not insignificant burden of iNTS disease in Lao. Further clinical and epidemiological investigations are required to assess mortality and the role of comorbidities such as HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Le Thi Phuong
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Sayaphet Rattanavong
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Manivanh Vongsouvath
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Viengmon Davong
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Nguyen Phu Huong Lan
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - James I Campbell
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas C Darton
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Guy E Thwaites
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul N Newton
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David A B Dance
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Stephen Baker
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Hamilton KA, Chen A, de-Graft Johnson E, Gitter A, Kozak S, Niquice C, Zimmer-Faust AG, Weir MH, Mitchell J, Gurian P. Salmonella risks due to consumption of aquaculture-produced shrimp. MICROBIAL RISK ANALYSIS 2018; 9:22-32. [PMID: 30525084 PMCID: PMC6277047 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of aquaculture is increasing to meet the growing global demand for seafood. However, the use of aquaculture for seafood production incurs potential human health risks, especially from enteric bacteria such as Salmonella spp. Salmonella spp. was the most frequently reported cause of outbreaks associated with crustaceans from 1998 to 2004. Among crustacean species, shrimp are the most economically important, internationally traded seafood commodity, and the most commonly aquaculture-raised seafood imported to the United States. To inform safe aquaculture practices, a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) was performed for wastewater-fed aquaculture, incorporating stochastic variability in shrimp growth, processing, and consumer preparation. Several scenarios including gamma irradiation, proper cooking, and improper cooking were considered in order to examine the relative importance of these practices in terms of their impact on risk. Median annual infection risks for all scenarios considered were below 10-4, however 95th percentile risks were above 10-4 annual probability of infection and 10-6 DALY per person per year for scenarios with improper cooking and lack of gamma irradiation. The greatest difference between microbiological risks for the scenarios tested was observed when comparing proper vs. improper cooking (5 to 6 orders of magnitude) and gamma irradiation (4 to 5 orders of magnitude) compared to (up to less than 1 order of magnitude) for peeling and deveining vs. peeling only. The findings from this research suggest that restriction of Salmonella spp. to low levels (median 5 to 30 per L aquaculture pond water) may be necessary for scenarios in which proper downstream food handling and processing cannot be guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry A. Hamilton
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Arlene Chen
- Maryland Pathogen Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Emmanuel de-Graft Johnson
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical and Computational Sciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, SCB/AMC SF 24/B6-KNUST, Kumasi Ghana
| | - Anna Gitter
- Water Management and Hydrological Sciences Program, Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Sonya Kozak
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Celma Niquice
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Technical University of Delft, Netherlands
| | - Amity G. Zimmer-Faust
- Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA
| | - Mark H. Weir
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University
| | - Jade Mitchell
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, 524 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Patrick Gurian
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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19
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Li K, Petersen G, Barco L, Hvidtfeldt K, Liu L, Dalsgaard A. Salmonella Weltevreden in integrated and non-integrated tilapia aquaculture systems in Guangdong, China. Food Microbiol 2017; 65:19-24. [PMID: 28400002 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Integrated tilapia-pig farming, which uses manure from pigs as fertilizers in fish pond, is a traditional and common production system practised by small-scale farmers in South-east Asia. Although such systems may be environmentally sustainable, they also pose potential food safety hazards including transmission of faecal zoonotic pathogens and accumulation of antimicrobial and other chemical residues. This study aimed to determine differences in occurrence and characteristics of Salmonella spp. isolated from tilapia-pig and non-integrated aquaculture systems in Guangdong province, China. A total of 77 samples (9 pig feed, 19 fish feed, 9 pig faeces, 20 fish mucus and 20 fish intestine) from 10 tilapia-pig ponds and 10 non-integrated ponds were analysed. Salmonella spp. was found in fish mucus (20.0%), fish intestine (40.0%) and pig faeces (11.1%) from integrated ponds, and from fish mucus (40.0%) and fish intestine (40.0%) from non-integrated ponds. S. Weltevreden (76.5%) was by far the most common serovar showing limited antimicrobial resistance. One pig faeces sample contained S. Typhimurium whereas feed samples were found free of Salmonella spp.. DNA fingerprinting by the PFGE method showed a clonal relationship of S. Weltevreden which was supported by similar antimicrobial resistance patterns (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim resistance) as well as most isolates harbouring a 147-kb sized plasmid. The common finding of S. Weltevreden in both tilapia production systems indicates that this serovar may have a different ecology and increased survival in aquaculture environments in comparison with other Salmonella serovars. Further in vivo studies of the ecology of S. Weltevreden in aquaculture environments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gitte Petersen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisa Barco
- OIE, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Kristian Hvidtfeldt
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Liping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Anders Dalsgaard
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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