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Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zhao M, Jia Y, Li K, Li C. The effects of inulin on solubilizing and improving anti-obesity activity of high polymerization persimmon tannin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132232. [PMID: 38734349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
High polymerization persimmon tannin has been reported to have lipid-lowering effects. Unfortunately, the poor solubility restricts its application. This research aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of inulin on solubilizing of persimmon tannin. Furthermore, we examined whether the addition of inulin would affect the attenuated obesity effect of persimmon tannin. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results demonstrated that inulin formed a gel-like network structure, which enabled the encapsulation of persimmon tannin through hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions, thereby inhibiting the self-aggregation of persimmon tannin. The turbidity of the persimmon tannin solution decreased by 56.2 %, while the polyphenol content in the supernatant increased by 60.0 %. Furthermore, biochemical analysis and 16s rRNA gene sequencing technology demonstrated that persimmon tannin had a significant anti-obesity effect and improved intestinal health in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, inulin was found to have a positive effect on enhancing the health benefits of persimmon tannin, including improving hepatic steatosis and gut microbiota dysbiosis. it enhanced the abundance of beneficial core microbes while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria. Our findings expand the applications of persimmon tannin in the food and medical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Elzinga J, Narimatsu Y, de Haan N, Clausen H, de Vos WM, Tytgat HLP. Binding of Akkermansia muciniphila to mucin is O-glycan specific. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4582. [PMID: 38811534 PMCID: PMC11137150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal anaerobic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila is specialized in the degradation of mucins, which are heavily O-glycosylated proteins that constitute the major components of the mucus lining the intestine. Despite that adhesion to mucins is considered critical for the persistence of A. muciniphila in the human intestinal tract, our knowledge of how this intestinal symbiont recognizes and binds to mucins is still limited. Here, we first show that the mucin-binding properties of A. muciniphila are independent of environmental oxygen concentrations and not abolished by pasteurization. We then dissected the mucin-binding properties of pasteurized A. muciniphila by use of a recently developed cell-based mucin array that enables display of the tandem repeats of human mucins with distinct O-glycan patterns and structures. We found that A. muciniphila recognizes the unsialylated LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-R) disaccharide selectively on core2 and core3 O-glycans. This disaccharide epitope is abundantly found on human colonic mucins capped by sialic acids, and we demonstrated that endogenous A. muciniphila neuraminidase activity can uncover the epitope and promote binding. In summary, our study provides insights into the mucin-binding properties important for colonization of a key mucin-foraging bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Elzinga
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanne L P Tytgat
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Teng D, Jia W, Wang W, Liao L, Xu B, Gong L, Dong H, Zhong L, Yang J. Causality of the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis-related lipids: a bidirectional Mendelian Randomization study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:138. [PMID: 38431594 PMCID: PMC10909291 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies have indicated an association between intestinal flora and lipids. However, observational studies cannot indicate causality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potentially causal relationships between the intestinal flora and blood lipids. METHODS We performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between intestinal flora and blood lipids. Summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for the 211 intestinal flora and blood lipid traits (n = 5) were obtained from public datasets. Five recognized MR methods were applied to assess the causal relationship with lipids, among which, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) regression was used as the primary MR method. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the causal estimates. RESULTS The results indicated a potential causal association between 19 intestinal flora and dyslipidemia in humans. Genus Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Parasutterella, Terrisporobacter, Parabacteroides, Class Erysipelotrichia, Family Erysipelotrichaceae, and order Erysipelotrichales were associated with higher dyslipidemia, whereas genus Oscillospira, Peptococcus, Ruminococcaceae UCG010, Ruminococcaceae UCG011, Dorea, and Family Desulfovibrionaceae were associated with lower dyslipidemia. After using the Bonferroni method for multiple testing correction, Only Desulfovibrionaceae [Estimate = -0.0418, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9362-0.9826, P = 0.0007] exhibited stable and significant negative associations with ApoB levels. The inverse MR analysis did not find a significant causal effect of lipids on the intestinal flora. Additionally, no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy for IVs was observed in the analysis. CONCLUSION The study suggested a causal relationship between intestinal flora and dyslipidemia. These findings will provide a meaningful reference to discover dyslipidemia for intervention to address the problems in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Teng
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Jia
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Liao
- Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Gong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Dong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Li Q, Yi X, Li L, Sun Y, Nie Z, Du J, Cao L, Gao J, Xu G. Effects of effective microorganisms on the physiological status, intestinal microbiome, and serum metabolites of Eriocheir sinensis. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:167-178. [PMID: 37261580 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The compound known as effective microorganisms (EMs) is widely used in aquaculture to improve water quality, but how they affect the health of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is unclear, especially in terms of intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites. In this study, we fed juvenile crabs with an EM-containing diet to explore the effects of EM on the physiological status, intestinal microbiome, and metabolites of E. sinensis. The activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly enhanced by EM, indicating that EM supplementation effectively enhanced the antioxidant capacity of E. sinensis. Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the main intestinal microbes in both the control and EM groups. Linear discriminant effect size analysis showed that Fusobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrio, and Morganella were biomarkers in the control group, and Exiguobacterium and Rhodobacteraceae were biomarkers in the EM group. Metabolomics analysis revealed that EM supplementation increased cellular energy sources and decreased protein consumption, and oxidative stress. Together, these results indicate that EM can optimize the intestinal microbiome and serum metabolites, thereby benefiting the health of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Xiangyu Yi
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Hayes JA, Lunger AW, Sharma AS, Fernez MT, Carrier RL, Koppes AN, Koppes R, Woolston BM. Engineered bacteria titrate hydrogen sulfide and induce concentration-dependent effects on the host in a gut microphysiological system. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113481. [PMID: 37980564 PMCID: PMC10791167 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous microbial metabolite whose role in gut diseases is debated, with contradictory results stemming from experimental difficulties associated with accurate dosing and measuring H2S and the use of model systems that do not accurately represent the human gut environment. Here, we engineer Escherichia coli to titrate H2S across the physiological range in a gut microphysiological system (chip) supportive of the co-culture of microbes and host cells. The chip is engineered to maintain H2S gas tension and enables visualization of co-culture in real time with confocal microscopy. Engineered strains colonize the chip and are metabolically active for 2 days, during which they produce H2S across a 16-fold range and induce changes in host gene expression and metabolism in an H2S-concentration-dependent manner. These results validate a platform for studying the mechanisms underlying microbe-host interactions by enabling experiments that are infeasible with current animal and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Hayes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna W Lunger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aayushi S Sharma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew T Fernez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca L Carrier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail N Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Woolston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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6
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Daniel AGS, Pereira CER, Dorella F, Pereira FL, Laub RP, Andrade MR, Barrera-Zarate JA, Gabardo MP, Otoni LVA, Macedo NR, Correia PA, Costa CM, Vasconcellos AO, Wagatsuma MM, Marostica TP, Figueiredo HCP, Guedes RMC. Synergic Effect of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Lawsonia intracellularis Coinfection: Anatomopathological and Microbiome Evaluation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2611. [PMID: 37627402 PMCID: PMC10451556 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Lawsonia intracellularis coinfection has been observed in the diagnostic routine; however, no studies have evaluated their interaction. This study aimed to characterize lesions and possible synergisms in experimentally infected pigs. Four groups of piglets, coinfection (CO), B. hyodysenteriae (BRA), L. intracellularis (LAW), and negative control (NEG), were used. Clinical signals were evaluated, and fecal samples were collected for qPCR. At 21 days post infection (dpi), all animals were euthanized. Gross lesions, bacterial isolation, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and fecal microbiome analyses were performed. Diarrhea started at 12 dpi, affecting 11/12 pigs in the CO group and 5/11 pigs in the BRA group. Histopathological lesions were significantly more severe in the CO than the other groups. B. hyodysenteriae was isolated from 11/12 pigs in CO and 5/11 BRA groups. Pigs started shedding L. intracellularis at 3 dpi, and all inoculated pigs tested positive on day 21. A total of 10/12 CO and 7/11 BRA animals tested positive for B. hyodysenteriae by qPCR. A relatively low abundance of microbiota was observed in the CO group. Clinical signs and macroscopic and microscopic lesions were significantly more severe in the CO group compared to the other groups. The presence of L. intracellularis in the CO group increased the severity of swine dysentery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda G. S. Daniel
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Carlos E. R. Pereira
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Fernanda Dorella
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Felipe L. Pereira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (F.L.P.); (H.C.P.F.)
| | - Ricardo P. Laub
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Mariana R. Andrade
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Javier A. Barrera-Zarate
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Michelle P. Gabardo
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Luísa V. A. Otoni
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Nubia R. Macedo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Paula A. Correia
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Camila M. Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Amanda O. Vasconcellos
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Mariane M. Wagatsuma
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Thaire P. Marostica
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
| | - Henrique C. P. Figueiredo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (F.L.P.); (H.C.P.F.)
| | - Roberto M. C. Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 130161-970, Brazil; (A.G.S.D.); (C.E.R.P.); (F.D.); (R.P.L.); (M.R.A.); (J.A.B.-Z.); (M.P.G.); (L.V.A.O.); (P.A.C.); (C.M.C.); (A.O.V.); (M.M.W.); (T.P.M.)
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7
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Singh SB, Carroll-Portillo A, Lin HC. Desulfovibrio in the Gut: The Enemy within? Microorganisms 2023; 11:1772. [PMID: 37512944 PMCID: PMC10383351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Desulfovibrio (DSV) are sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) that are ubiquitously present in the environment and as resident commensal bacteria within the human gastrointestinal tract. Though they are minor residents of the healthy gut, DSV are opportunistic pathobionts that may overgrow in the setting of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between DSV overgrowth (bloom) and various human diseases. While the relationship between DSV bloom and disease pathology has not been clearly established, mounting evidence suggests a causal role for these bacteria in disease development. As DSV are the most predominant genera of SRB in the gut, this review summarizes current knowledge regarding the relationship between DSV and a variety of diseases. In this study, we also discuss the mechanisms by which these bacteria may contribute to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha B Singh
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Amanda Carroll-Portillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Henry C Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Medicine Service, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
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8
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Hayes JA, Lunger AW, Sharma AS, Fernez MT, Koppes AN, Koppes R, Woolston BM. Engineered bacteria titrate hydrogen sulfide and induce concentration-dependent effects on host in a gut microphysiological system. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.16.538950. [PMID: 37293009 PMCID: PMC10245736 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.16.538950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous microbial metabolite whose role in gut diseases is debated, largely due to the difficulty in controlling its concentration and the use of non-representative model systems in previous work. Here, we engineered E. coli to titrate H2S controllably across the physiological range in a gut microphysiological system (chip) supportive of the co-culture of microbes and host cells. The chip was designed to maintain H2S gas tension and enable visualization of co-culture in real-time with confocal microscopy. Engineered strains colonized the chip and were metabolically active for two days, during which they produced H2S across a sixteen-fold range and induced changes in host gene expression and metabolism in an H2S concentration-dependent manner. These results validate a novel platform for studying the mechanisms underlying microbe-host interactions, by enabling experiments that are infeasible with current animal and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Hayes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna W. Lunger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aayushi S. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew T. Fernez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail N. Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Woolston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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9
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Yu H, Wan X, Yang M, Xie J, Xu K, Wang J, Wang G, Xu P. A large-scale causal analysis of gut microbiota and delirium: A Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:64-71. [PMID: 36842654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have linked gut microbiota to human brain activity. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbes and delirium. METHODS MR was used to select SNPs from large-scale GWAS summary data on 211 gut microbiota taxa and delirium. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods were used for statistical analyses. Outliers were assessed using the leave-one-out method. To avoid horizontal pleiotropy, we performed the MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger intercept tests. Cochran's Q and I2 values for IVW and MR-Egger were used to assess heterogeneity. RESULTS IVW suggested that genetic prediction of the family Desulfovibrionaceae (1.784 (1.267-2.512), P = 0.001), order Desulfovibrionales (1.501 (1.058-2.128), P = 0.023), and genus Candidatus Soleaferrea (1.322 (1.052-1.659), P = 0.016) increased the risk of delirium, but the family Oxalobacteraceae (0.841 (0.722-0.981), P = 0.027), and genera Holdemania (0.766 (0.620-0.946), P = 0.013), Ruminococcus gnavus (0.806 (0.661-0.982), P = 0.033), and Eggerthella (0.815 (0.667-0.997), P = 0.047) reduced the risk of delirium. LIMITATIONS (1) Limited sample size, (2) inability to assess gut microbiota interactions, and (3) limited to European populations. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that presence of the microbial family Desulfovibrionaceae, order Desulfovibrionales, and genus Candidatus Soleaferrea increased the risk of delirium, whereas the Oxalobacteraceae family, and the genera Holdemania, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Eggerthella decreased the risk of delirium. However, the potential of gut probiotic interventions in the prevention of perioperative delirium should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Xianjie Wan
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Mingyi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Jiale Xie
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, China.
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10
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Microbial dynamics with CRC progression: a study of the mucosal microbiota at multiple sites in cancers, adenomatous polyps, and healthy controls. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:305-322. [PMID: 36703031 PMCID: PMC9899194 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has related the gut microbiota to colorectal cancer (CRC). Fusobacterium nucleatum has repeatedly been linked to colorectal tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate microbial composition in different sampling sites, in order to profile the microbial dynamics with CRC progression. Further, we characterized the tumor-associated F. nucleatum subspecies. Here, we conducted Illumina Miseq next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 region in biopsy samples, to investigate microbiota alterations in cancer patients, patients with adenomatous polyp, and healthy controls in Norway. Further, Fusobacterium positive tumor biopsies were subjected to MinION nanopore sequencing of Fusobacterium-specific amplicons to characterize the Fusobacterium species and subspecies. We found enrichment of oral biofilm-associated bacteria, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Parvimonas, Granulicatella, Leptotrichia, Peptostreptococcus, Campylobacter, Selenomonas, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella in cancer patients compared to adenomatous polyp patients and control patients. Higher abundance of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) classified as Phascolarctobacterium, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides plebeius, Bacteroides eggerthii, Tyzzerella, Desulfovibrio, Frisingicoccus, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, and Lachnospiraceae were identified in cancer and adenomatous polyp patients compared to healthy controls. F. nucleatum ssp. animalis was the dominating subspecies. F. nucleatum ssp. nucleatum, F. nucleatum ssp. vincentii, Fusobacterium pseudoperiodonticum, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Fusobacterium gonidiaformans were identified in five samples. Several biofilm-associated bacteria were enriched at multiple sites in cancer patients. Another group of bacteria was enriched in both cancer and polyps, suggesting that they may have a role in polyp development and possibly early stages of CRC.
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11
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Reclassification of eight Akkermansia muciniphila strains and description of Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov. and Candidatus Akkermansia timonensis, isolated from human feces. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21747. [PMID: 36526682 PMCID: PMC9758162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a human intestinal tract bacterium that plays an important role in the mucus layer renewal. Several studies have demonstrated that it is a modulator for gut homeostasis and a probiotic for human health. The Akkermansia genus contains two species with standing in nomenclature but their genomic diversity remains unclear. In this study, eight new Akkermansia sp. strains were isolated from the human gut. Using the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average nucleotide identity (ANI) and core genome-based phylogenetic analysis applied to 104 A. muciniphila whole genomes sequences, strains were reclassified into three clusters. Cluster I groups A. muciniphila strains (including strain ATCC BAA-835T as type strain), whereas clusters II and III represent two new species. A member of cluster II, strain Marseille-P6666 differed from A. muciniphila strain ATCC BAA-835T and from A. glycaniphila strain PytT in its ability to grow in microaerophilic atmosphere up to 42 °C, to assimilate various carbon sources and to produce acids from a several compounds. The major fatty acids of strain Marseille-P6666 were 12-methyl-tetradecanoic and pentadecanoic acids. The DNA G + C content of strain Marseille-P6666 was 57.8%. On the basis of these properties, we propose the name A. massiliensis sp. nov. for members of cluster II, with strain Marseille-P6666T (= CSUR P6666 = CECT 30548) as type strain. We also propose the name "Candidatus Akkermansia timonensis" sp. nov. for the members of cluster III, which contains only uncultivated strains, strain Akk0196 being the type strain.
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12
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Yao N, Yang Y, Li X, Wang Y, Guo R, Wang X, Li J, Xie Z, Li B, Cui W. Effects of Dietary Nutrients on Fatty Liver Disease Associated With Metabolic Dysfunction (MAFLD): Based on the Intestinal-Hepatic Axis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:906511. [PMID: 35782947 PMCID: PMC9247350 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.906511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently become the most common liver disease with a global prevalence of over 25% and is expected to increase. Recently, experts have reached a consensus that “fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction or MAFLD” may be a more appropriate and inclusive definition than NAFLD. Like the former name NAFLD, MAFLD, as a manifestation of multiple system metabolic disorders involving the liver, has certain heterogeneity in its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, pathological changes and natural outcomes. We found that there is a delicate dynamic balance among intestinal microflora, metabolites and host immune system to maintain a healthy intestinal environment and host health. On the contrary, this imbalance is related to diseases such as MAFLD. However, there are no clear studies on how dietary nutrients affect the intestinal environment and participate in the pathogenesis of MAFLD. This review summarizes the interactions among dietary nutrients, intestinal microbiota and MAFLD in an attempt to provide evidence for the use of dietary supplements to regulate liver function in patients with MAFLD. These dietary nutrients influence the development and progression of MAFLD mainly through the hepatic-intestinal axis by altering dietary energy absorption, regulating bile acid metabolism, changing intestinal permeability and producing ethanol. Meanwhile, the nutrients have the ability to combat MAFLD in terms of enriching abundance of intestinal microbiota, reducing Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and promoting abundance of beneficial gut microbes. Therefore, family therapy with MAFLD using a reasonable diet could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yixue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruirui Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuhan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zechun Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Li
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Weiwei Cui
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13
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Norepinephrine induces growth of Desulfovibrio vulgaris in an iron dependent manner. Anaerobe 2022; 75:102582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Poonacha KNT, Villa TG, Notario V. The Interplay among Radiation Therapy, Antibiotics and the Microbiota: Impact on Cancer Treatment Outcomes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:331. [PMID: 35326794 PMCID: PMC8944497 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy has been used for more than a century, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities, to treat most types of cancer. On average, radiation therapy is included in the treatment plans for over 50% of all cancer patients, and it is estimated to contribute to about 40% of curative protocols, a success rate that may reach 90%, or higher, for certain tumor types, particularly on patients diagnosed at early disease stages. A growing body of research provides solid support for the existence of bidirectional interaction between radiation exposure and the human microbiota. Radiation treatment causes quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota composition, often leading to an increased abundance of potentially hazardous or pathogenic microbes and a concomitant decrease in commensal bacteria. In turn, the resulting dysbiotic microbiota becomes an important contributor to worsen the adverse events caused in patients by the inflammatory process triggered by the radiation treatment and a significant determinant of the radiation therapy anti-tumor effectiveness. Antibiotics, which are frequently included as prophylactic agents in cancer treatment protocols to prevent patient infections, may affect the radiation/microbiota interaction through mechanisms involving both their antimicrobial activity, as a mediator of microbiota imbalances, and their dual capacity to act as pro- or anti-tumorigenic effectors and, consequently, as critical determinants of radiation therapy outcomes. In this scenario, it becomes important to introduce the use of probiotics and/or other agents that may stabilize the healthy microbiota before patients are exposed to radiation. Ultimately, newly developed methodologies may facilitate performing personalized microbiota screenings on patients before radiation therapy as an accurate way to identify which antibiotics may be used, if needed, and to inform the overall treatment planning. This review examines currently available data on these issues from the perspective of improving radiation therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomás G. Villa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15705 La Coruña, Spain;
| | - Vicente Notario
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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15
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Le Berre M, Gerlach JQ, Gallagher ME, Joshi L, Carrington SD, Kilcoyne M. Mucin Purification and Printing Natural Mucin Microarrays. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2460:127-146. [PMID: 34972934 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2148-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mucin glycosylation is the key facilitator of microbial attachment and nutrition and it varies according to biological location, health and disease status, microbiome composition, infection, and multiple other factors. Mucin glycans have also been reported to attenuate pathogen virulence and mediate biofilm dispersal. With the labor intensive and time-consuming purification required for natural mucins and their low quantitative yield from biological sources, natural mucin microarrays provide a convenient and multiplexed platform to study mucin glycosylation and interactions. In this chapter we describe the purification of natural mucins, using sputum as an example biological source, and the printing of natural mucin microarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Le Berre
- Carbohydrate Signalling Group, Discipline of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jared Q Gerlach
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mary E Gallagher
- Veterinary Sciences Centre, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Glycoscience Group, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephen D Carrington
- Veterinary Sciences Centre, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- Carbohydrate Signalling Group, Discipline of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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16
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Qiao B, Li X, Wu Y, Guo T, Tan Z. Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in Mice under Lard or Vegetable Blend Oil Diet. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1613-1624. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiao
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yi Wu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Tan Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
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17
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Miranda-Ribera A, Serena G, Liu J, Fasano A, Kingsbury MA, Fiorentino MR. The Zonulin-transgenic mouse displays behavioral alterations ameliorated via depletion of the gut microbiota. Tissue Barriers 2021; 10:2000299. [PMID: 34775911 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.2000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis hypothesis suggests that interactions in the intestinal milieu are critically involved in regulating brain function. Several studies point to a gut-microbiota-brain connection linking an impaired intestinal barrier and altered gut microbiota composition to neurological disorders involving neuroinflammation. Increased gut permeability allows luminal antigens to cross the gut epithelium, and via the blood stream and an impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) enters the brain impacting its function. Pre-haptoglobin 2 (pHP2), the precursor protein to mature HP2, is the first characterized member of the zonulin family of structurally related proteins. pHP 2 has been identified in humans as the thus far only endogenous regulator of epithelial and endothelial tight junctions (TJs). We have leveraged the Zonulin-transgenic mouse (Ztm) that expresses a murine pHP2 (zonulin) to determine the role of increased gut permeability and its synergy with a dysbiotic intestinal microbiota on brain function and behavior. Here we show that Ztm mice display sex-dependent behavioral abnormalities accompanied by altered gene expression of BBB TJs and increased expression of brain inflammatory genes. Antibiotic depletion of the gut microbiota in Ztm mice downregulated brain inflammatory markers ameliorating some anxiety-like behavior. Overall, we show that zonulin-dependent alterations in gut permeability and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota are associated with an altered BBB integrity, neuroinflammation, and behavioral changes that are partially ameliorated by microbiota depletion. Our results suggest the Ztm model as a tool for the study of the cross-talk between the microbiome/gut and the brain in the context of neurobehavioral/neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Miranda-Ribera
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gloria Serena
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jundi Liu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcy A Kingsbury
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Lurie Center for Autism, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria R Fiorentino
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Zhong Y, Cao J, Deng Z, Ma Y, Liu J, Wang H. Effect of Fiber and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Donor on Recipient Mice Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:757372. [PMID: 34721365 PMCID: PMC8548821 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and dietary fiber intervention were verified as effective ways to manipulate the gut microbiota, whereas little is known about the influence of the combined methods on gut microbiota. Here, we constructed "non-industrialized" and "industrialized" gut microbiota models to investigate the donor effect of FMT and diet effect in shaping the gut microbiota. Mice were transplanted fecal microbiota from domestic pig and received a diet with low-fiber (D) or high-fiber (DF), whereas the other two groups were transplanted fecal microbiota from wild pig and then received a diet with low-fiber (W) or high-fiber (WF), respectively. Gut microbiota of WF mice showed a lower Shannon and Simpson index (P < 0.05), whereas gut microbiota of W mice showed no significant difference than that of D and DF mice. Random forest models revealed the major differential bacteria genera between four groups, including Anaeroplasma or unclassified_o_Desulfovibrionales, which were influenced by FMT or diet intervention, respectively. Besides, we found a lower out-of-bag rate in the random forest model constructed for dietary fiber (0.086) than that for FMT (0.114). Linear discriminant analysis effective size demonstrated that FMT combined with dietary fiber altered specific gut microbiota, including Alistipes, Clostridium XIVa, Clostridium XI, and Akkermansia, in D, DF, W, and WF mice, respectively. Our results revealed that FMT from different donors coupled with dietary fiber intervention could lead to different patterns of gut microbiota composition, and dietary fiber might play a more critical role in shaping gut microbiota than FMT donor. Strategies based on dietary fiber can influence the effectiveness of FMT in the recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haifeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Singh SB, Coffman CN, Carroll-Portillo A, Varga MG, Lin HC. Notch Signaling Pathway Is Activated by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:695299. [PMID: 34336718 PMCID: PMC8319767 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.695299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB), usually rare residents of the gut, are often found in increased numbers (called a SRB bloom) in inflammatory conditions such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), pouchitis, and periodontitis. However, the underlying mechanisms of this association remain largely unknown. Notch signaling, a conserved cell-cell communication pathway, is usually involved in tissue development and differentiation. Dysregulated Notch signaling is observed in inflammatory conditions such as IBD. Lipolysaccharide and pathogens also activate Notch pathway in macrophages. In this study, we tested whether Desulfovibrio, the most dominant SRB genus in the gut, may activate Notch signaling. RAW 264.7 macrophages were infected with Desulfovibrio vulgaris (DSV) and analyzed for the expression of Notch signaling pathway-related proteins. We found that DSV induced protein expression of Notch1 receptor, Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and p21, a downstream Notch target, in a dose-and time-dependent manner. DSV also induced the expression of pro-IL1β, a precursor of IL-1β, and SOCS3, a regulator of cytokine signaling. The gamma secretase inhibitor DAPT or Notch siRNA dampened DSV-induced Notch-related protein expression as well the expression of pro-IL1β and SOCS3. Induction of Notch-related proteins by DSV was not affected by TLR4 -IN -C34(C34), a TLR4 receptor antagonist. Additionally, cell-free supernatant of DSV-infected macrophages induced NICD expression in uninfected macrophages. DSV also activated Notch pathway in the human epithelial cell line HCT116 and in mouse small intestine. Thus, our study uncovers a novel mechanism by which SRB interact with host cells by activating Notch signaling pathway. Our study lays a framework for examining whether the Notch pathway induced by SRB contributes to inflammation in conditions associated with SRB bloom and whether it can be targeted as a therapeutic approach to treat these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha B Singh
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Cristina N Coffman
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Amanda Carroll-Portillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Matthew G Varga
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Henry C Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Medicine Service, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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20
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Murros KE, Huynh VA, Takala TM, Saris PEJ. Desulfovibrio Bacteria Are Associated With Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:652617. [PMID: 34012926 PMCID: PMC8126658 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.652617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder known and predominantly affects the elderly. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease wherein α-synuclein, a neuronal protein, aggregates to form toxic structures in nerve cells. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown. Intestinal dysfunction and changes in the gut microbiota, common symptoms of PD, are evidently linked to the pathogenesis of PD. Although a multitude of studies have investigated microbial etiologies of PD, the microbial role in disease progression remains unclear. Here, we show that Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria of the genus Desulfovibrio may play a potential role in the development of PD. Conventional and quantitative real-time PCR analysis of feces from twenty PD patients and twenty healthy controls revealed that all PD patients harbored Desulfovibrio bacteria in their gut microbiota and these bacteria were present at higher levels in PD patients than in healthy controls. Additionally, the concentration of Desulfovibrio species correlated with the severity of PD. Desulfovibrio bacteria produce hydrogen sulfide and lipopolysaccharide, and several strains synthesize magnetite, all of which likely induce the oligomerization and aggregation of α-synuclein protein. The substances originating from Desulfovibrio bacteria likely take part in pathogenesis of PD. These findings may open new avenues for the treatment of PD and the identification of people at risk for developing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari E. Murros
- Neurological Outpatient Clinic of Terveystalo Healthcare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vy A. Huynh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo M. Takala
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per E. J. Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Zhu L, Gao M, Li H, Deng ZY, Zhang B, Fan Y. Effects of soluble dietary fiber from sweet potato dregs on the structures of intestinal flora in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz polysaccharide and powder enrich a core bacterial community on C57BL/6j mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1734-1742. [PMID: 32781117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is the collection of microbes that lives in the host. Glycan is the major factor to shape the composition of microbial community. Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz (NSK) has been used as food and medicine for thousands of years in Asian countries while the bioactivity on gut microbiota is unclear till now. Here, we used NSK polysaccharide and NSK powder to investigate the bioactivity on the gut microbiota of C57BL/6j mice, respectively. By 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we found the composition of gut microbiota had been changed and differed from each other. However, the abundance of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella and Parasutterella on genus level were significantly increased by NSK polysaccharide and NSK powder. In addition, Akkermansia and Rikenellaceae were enriched by NSK powder. Moreover, we found the IL-1β and IL-6 decreased significantly while TNF-α and IL-10 increased significantly especially in NSK powder group. Intriguingly, the increased microbes were significantly positively co-related with TNF-α and IL-10 while negatively co-related with IL-1β and IL-6 by co-relation and network analysis. The above results suggested that Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz may selectively enrich a "core bacterial community" and add new evidence to discover how Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz has biological function.
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Cui C, Tan S, Tao L, Gong J, Chang Y, Wang Y, Fan P, He D, Ruan Y, Qiu W. Intestinal Barrier Breakdown and Mucosal Microbiota Disturbance in Neuromyelitis Optical Spectrum Disorders. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2101. [PMID: 32983166 PMCID: PMC7492665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The mechanism underlying the pathology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) remains unclear even though antibodies to the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on astrocytes play important roles. Our previous study showed that dysbiosis occurred in the fecal microbiota of NMOSD patients. In this study, we further investigated whether the intestinal barrier and mucosal flora balance are also interrupted in NMOSD patients. Methods Sigmoid mucosal biopsies were collected by endoscopy from six patients with NMOSD and compared with samples from five healthy control (HC) individuals. These samples were processed for electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry to investigate changes in ultrastructure and in the number and size of intestinal inflammatory cells. Changes in mucosal flora were also analyzed by high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results The results from bacterial rRNA gene sequencing showed that bacterial diversity was decreased, but Streptococcus and Granulicatella were abundant in the colonic mucosa specimens of NMOSD patients compared to the HC individuals. The intercellular space between epithelia of the colonic mucosa was wider in NMOSD patients compared to the HC subjects (p < 0.01), and the expression of tight junction proteins [occludin, claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)] in NMOSD patients significantly decreased compared to that in the HC subjects. We also found numerous activated macrophages with many inclusions within the cytoplasm, mast cells with many particles in their cytoplasm, and enlarged plasma cells with rich developed rough endoplasmic reticulum in the lamina propria of the mucosa of the patients with NMOSD. Quantitative analysis showed that the percentages of small CD38+ and CD138+ cells (plasma cells) were lower, but the percentage of larger plasma cells was higher in NMOSD patients. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the intestinal barrier was disrupted in the patients with NMOSD, accompanied by dysbiosis and inflammatory activation of the gut. The mucosal microbiota imbalance and inflammatory responses might allow pathogens to cross the damaged intestinal barrier and participate in pathological process in NMOSD. However, further study on the pathological mechanism of NMOSD underlying gut dysbiosis is warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Cui
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Tan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junli Gong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyu Chang
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuge Wang
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Ruan
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Y, Long S, Liu Q, Ma H, Li J, Xiaoqing W, Yuan J, Li M, Hou B. Gut microbiota is involved in the alleviation of loperamide-induced constipation by honey supplementation in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:4388-4398. [PMID: 32884719 PMCID: PMC7455974 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders accompanied with intestinal dysbiosis. Laxatives for constipation usually have side effects. Bee honey is a natural food with unique composition, antimicrobial properties, and bifidogenic effect. In order to assess whether honey can ameliorate loperamide-induced constipation in BALB/c mice through the alteration of the gut microbiota, the present study was undertaken. Mice were given Jarrah honey (7.5 g/kg body weight) by gavage once per day for 5 days. Fecal water content, intestinal transit rate together with the colon concentrations of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) were evaluated. Furthermore, we determined the effect of honey treatment on gut microbiota in mice using stool genomic 16S rRNA sequencing. As a result, honey showed an obvious improvement in fecal water content and alleviated constipation by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Desulfovibrio. In addition, we found that the colon level of neurotransmitters SP and VIP was significantly related to microbial variations. Our results indicate that gut microbiota is involved in the alleviation of loperamide-induced constipation by honey supplementation in mice, and it could be considered as an evaluating parameter in constipation therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Shangqin Long
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qiaochu Liu
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Wei Xiaoqing
- The Core Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Liaoning ProvinceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jieli Yuan
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ming Li
- Department of MicroecologyCollege of Basic Medical ScienceDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Binbin Hou
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Houeix B, Synowsky S, Cairns MT, Kane M, Kilcoyne M, Joshi L. Identification of putative adhesins and carbohydrate ligands of Lactobacillus paracasei using a combinatorial in silico and glycomics microarray profiling approach. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 11:315-329. [PMID: 31712825 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Commensal bacteria must colonize host mucosal surfaces to exert health-promoting properties, and bind to gastrointestinal tract (GIT) mucins via their cell surface adhesins. Considerable effort has been directed towards discovery of pathogen adhesins and their ligands to develop anti-infective strategies; however, little is known about the lectin-like adhesins and associated carbohydrate ligands in commensals. In this study, an in silico approach was used to detect surface exposed adhesins in the human commensal Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, a promising probiotic commonly used in dairy product fermentation that presents anti-microbial activity. Of the 13 adhesin candidates, 3 sortase-dependent pili clusters were identified in this strain and expression of the adhesin candidate genes was confirmed in vitro. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of surface adhesin elongation factor Tu and the chaperonin GroEL, but not pili expression. Whole cells were subsequently incubated on microarrays featuring a panel of GIT mucins from nine different mammalian species and two human-derived cell lines and a library of carbohydrate structures. Binding profiles were compared to those of two known pili-producing lactobacilli, L. johnsonii and L. rhamnosus and all Lactobacillus species displayed overlapping but distinct signatures, which may indicate different abilities for regiospecific GIT colonization. In addition, L. paracasei whole cells favoured binding to α-(2 → 3)-linked sialic acid and α-(1 → 2)-linked fucose-containing carbohydrate structures including blood groups A, B and O and Lewis antigens x, y and b. This study furthers our understanding of host-commensal cross-talk by identifying potential adhesins and specific GIT mucin and carbohydrate ligands and provides insight into the selection of colonization sites by commensals in the GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Houeix
- Glycoscience Group, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Silvia Synowsky
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Michael T Cairns
- Glycoscience Group, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Marian Kane
- Glycoscience Group, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Carbohydrate Signalling Group, Discipline of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Glycoscience Group, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Yang R, Shan S, Zhang C, Shi J, Li H, Li Z. Inhibitory Effects of Bound Polyphenol from Foxtail Millet Bran on Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis by the Restoration of Gut Microbiota in a Mice Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3506-3517. [PMID: 32100999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor occurring in the colon. It has been known that the gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Our previous study showed that bound polyphenol of the inner shell (BPIS) from foxtail millet bran exhibited significant antitumor activities in cancer cells and nude mice models. In the present study, the anticancer potential of BPIS is evaluated in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse CRC model. Results showed that BPIS could decrease the number and volume of tumors and protect the epithelial architecture from damage. Certain biomarkers associated with CRC formation, such as COX-2, EMR1, PCNA, and caspase-3, were strongly changed by BPIS. Moreover, by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it was found that BPIS could remodel the overall structure of the gut microbiota from tumor-bearing mice toward that of the normal counterparts, including two phyla and eight genera, together with regulations on several genes that are responsible for 17 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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27
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Xu Y, Wang N, Tan HY, Li S, Zhang C, Feng Y. Function of Akkermansia muciniphila in Obesity: Interactions With Lipid Metabolism, Immune Response and Gut Systems. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:219. [PMID: 32153527 PMCID: PMC7046546 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its metabolic syndrome, including liver disorders and type 2 diabetes, are a worldwide epidemic and are intimately linked to diet. The gut microbiota interaction has been pointed to as a hot topic of research in the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases by influencing energy metabolism and the immune system. In terms of the novel beneficial microbes identified, Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) colonizes the mucosa layer of the gut and modulates basal metabolism. A. muciniphila is consistently correlated with obesity. The causal beneficial impact of A. muciniphila treatment on obesity is coming to light, having been proved by a variety of animal models and human studies. A. muciniphila has been characterized as a beneficial player in body metabolism and has great prospects for treatments of the metabolic disorders associated with obesity, as well as being considered for next-generation therapeutic agents. This paper aimed to investigate the basic mechanism underlying the relation of A. muciniphila to obesity and its host interactions, as identified in recent discoveries, facilitating the establishment of the causal relationship in A. muciniphila-associated therapeutic supplement in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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28
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López-Colom P, Estellé J, Bonet J, Coma J, Martín-Orúe SM. Applicability of an Unmedicated Feeding Program Aimed to Reduce the Use of Antimicrobials in Nursery Piglets: Impact on Performance and Fecal Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020242. [PMID: 32028658 PMCID: PMC7070809 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The need for a reduction in the use of antibiotics in livestock to safeguard their efficacy requires the development of alternatives. In this line, the use of alternative by-products or ingredients, with functional properties brings the opportunity to improve pig health and thus, reduce medicalization. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of an alternative feeding program based on unmedicalized diets formulated with fibrous by-products and functional feed ingredients on performance and fecal microbiota of young pigs compared to a common weaner diet supplemented with antibiotics. The alternative feeding program could anticipate the gut development of young piglets, which at the end of the nursery period presented a fecal microbiota more similar to that found in fattening animals. Moreover, piglets in the unmedicalized diets showed a trend to reduce the course of diarrhea immediately after weaning. The alternative feeding program showed, however, a reduced growth efficiency during the nursery period that needs to be discussed in the frame of the costs-benefits analysis of reducing antibiotics. Abstract This study aimed to assess the impact of two different feeding programs, including or not antimicrobials, on gut microbiota development at early ages in commercial pigs. For this, 21-day-old weaned piglets were distributed into 12 pens (6 replicates with 26 pigs each) and fed ad libitum until fattening with: standard commercial formula with antibiotics and zinc oxide (2400 ppm) (AB), and alternative unmedicated feed formula (UN). Subsequently, the animals were moved to the fattening unit (F) receiving a common diet. Pigs were weighed, and feed consumption and diarrhea scores registered. Feces were collected on days 9 (pre-starter), 40 (starter) and 72 (fattening) post-weaning and microbial DNA extracted for 16S rDNA sequencing. Piglets fed UN diets had a worse feed efficiency (p < 0.05) than AB during nursery; however, UN pigs spent less time scouring after weaning (p = 0.098). The structure of fecal community evolved with the age of the animals (p = 0.001), and diet also showed to have a role, particularly in the starter period when UN microbiomes clustered apart from AB, resembling the ecosystems found in the fattening animals. Fibrolytic genera (Fibrobacter, Butyrivibrio, Christellansellaceae) were enriched in UN piglets whereas Lactobacillus characterized AB piglets (adjusted p < 0.05). Overall, this alternative feeding program could anticipate the gut development of piglets despite a lower feed efficiency compared to standard medicalized programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola López-Colom
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, 090104 Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Jordi Estellé
- Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; or
| | - Jordi Bonet
- Vall Companys Group, 25191 Lleida, Spain; (J.B.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaume Coma
- Vall Companys Group, 25191 Lleida, Spain; (J.B.); (J.C.)
| | - Susana Ma. Martín-Orúe
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93581-1504
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The Timing Effects of Soy Protein Intake on Mice Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010087. [PMID: 31892229 PMCID: PMC7019473 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy protein intake is known to cause microbiota changes. While there are some reports about the effect of soy protein intake on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, effective timing of soy protein intake has not been investigated. In this study, we examined the effect of soy protein intake timing on microbiota. Mice were fed twice a day, in the morning and evening, to compare the effect of soy protein intake in the morning with that in the evening. Mice were divided into three groups: mice fed only casein protein, mice fed soy protein in the morning, and mice fed soy protein in the evening under high-fat diet conditions. They were kept under the experimental condition for two weeks and were sacrificed afterward. We measured cecal pH and collected cecal contents and feces. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from cecal contents were measured by gas chromatography. The microbiota was analyzed by sequencing 16S rRNA genes from feces. Soy protein intake whether in the morning or evening led to a greater microbiota diversity and a decrease in cecal pH resulting from SCFA production compared to casein intake. In addition, these effects were relatively stronger by morning soy protein intake. Therefore, soy protein intake in the morning may have relatively stronger effects on microbiota than that in the evening.
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Li M, Gu MM, Lang Y, Shi J, Chen BPC, Guan H, Yu L, Zhou PK, Shang ZF. The vanillin derivative VND3207 protects intestine against radiation injury by modulating p53/NOXA signaling pathway and restoring the balance of gut microbiota. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:223-236. [PMID: 31580946 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The intestine is a highly radiosensitive tissue that is susceptible to structural and functional damage due to systemic as well as localized radiation exposure. Unfortunately, no effective prophylactic or therapeutic agents are available at present to manage radiation-induced intestinal injuries. We observed that the vanillin derivative VND3207 improved the survival of lethally irradiated mice by promoting intestinal regeneration and increasing the number of surviving crypts. Pre-treatment with VND3207 significantly increased the number of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their daughter cells, the transient Ki67+ proliferating cells. Mechanistically, VND3207 decreased oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation and maintained endogenous antioxidant status by increasing the level of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity. In addition, VND3207 maintained appropriate levels of activated p53 that triggered cell cycle arrest but were not sufficient to induce NOXA-mediated apoptosis, thus ensuring DNA damage repair in the irradiated small intestinal crypt cells. Furthermore, VND3207 treatment restores the intestinal bacterial flora structures altered by TBI exposure. In conclusion, VND3207 promoted intestinal repair following radiation injury by reducing reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage and modulating appropriate levels of activated p53 in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Meng-Meng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yue Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianming Shi
- Suzhou Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China
| | - Benjamin P C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Suzhou Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Dendrobii Officinalis, a traditional Chinese edible and officinal plant, accelerates liver recovery by regulating the gut-liver axis in NAFLD mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia with Dietary Factors. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102277. [PMID: 31547555 PMCID: PMC6835897 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to chronic inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, it has attracted attention as a target for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases. As metabolic endotoxemia was first reported in mice that were fed a high-fat diet, research regarding its relationship with diets has been actively conducted in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the relationship between fat intake and induction of metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on gut dysbiosis and the influx, kinetics, and metabolism of LPS. We also summarize the recent findings about dietary factors that attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on the regulation of gut microbiota. We hope that in the future, control of metabolic endotoxemia using dietary factors will help maintain human health.
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Miranda-Ribera A, Ennamorati M, Serena G, Cetinbas M, Lan J, Sadreyev RI, Jain N, Fasano A, Fiorentino M. Exploiting the Zonulin Mouse Model to Establish the Role of Primary Impaired Gut Barrier Function on Microbiota Composition and Immune Profiles. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2233. [PMID: 31608059 PMCID: PMC6761304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The balanced interplay between epithelial barrier, immune system, and microbiota maintains gut homeostasis, while disruption of this interplay may lead to inflammation. Paracellular permeability is governed by intercellular tight-junctions (TJs). Zonulin is, to date, the only known physiological regulator of intestinal TJs. We used a zonulin transgenic mouse (Ztm) model characterized by increased small intestinal permeability to elucidate the role of a primary impaired gut barrier on microbiome composition and/or immune profile. Ztm exhibit an altered gene expression profile of TJs in the gut compared to wild-type mice (WT): Claudin-15, Claudin-5, Jam-3, and Myosin-1C are decreased in the male duodenum whereas Claudin-15, Claudin-7, and ZO-2 are reduced in the female colon. These results are compatible with loss of gut barrier function and are paralleled by an altered microbiota composition with reduced abundance of the genus Akkermansia, known to have positive effects on gut barrier integrity and strengthening, and an increased abundance of the Rikenella genus, associated to low-grade inflammatory conditions. Immune profile analysis shows a subtly skewed distribution of immune cell subsets toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype with more IL-17 producing adaptive and innate-like T cells in Ztm. Interestingly, microbiota “normalization” involving the transfer of WT microbiota into Ztm, did not rescue the altered immune profile. Our data suggest that a primary impaired gut barrier causing an uncontrolled trafficking of microbial products leads to a latent pro-inflammatory status, with a skewed microbiota composition and immune profile that, in the presence of an environmental trigger, as we have previously described (1), might promote the onset of overt inflammation and an increased risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Miranda-Ribera
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Ennamorati
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gloria Serena
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ruslan I Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nitya Jain
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Fiorentino
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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van der Lugt B, Rusli F, Lute C, Lamprakis A, Salazar E, Boekschoten MV, Hooiveld GJ, Müller M, Vervoort J, Kersten S, Belzer C, Kok DEG, Steegenga WT. Integrative analysis of gut microbiota composition, host colonic gene expression and intraluminal metabolites in aging C57BL/6J mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:930-950. [PMID: 29769431 PMCID: PMC5990381 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aging process is associated with diminished colonic health. In this study, we applied an integrative approach to reveal potential interactions between determinants of colonic health in aging C57BL/6J mice. Analysis of gut microbiota composition revealed an enrichment of various potential pathobionts, including Desulfovibrio spp., and a decline of the health-promoting Akkermansia spp. and Lactobacillus spp. during aging. Intraluminal concentrations of various metabolites varied between ages and we found evidence for an increased gut permeability at higher age. Colonic gene expression analysis suggested that during the early phase of aging (between 6 and 12 months), expression of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and (re)organization of the extracellular matrix were increased. Differential expression of these genes was strongly correlated with Bifidobacterium spp. During the later phase of aging (between 12 and 28 months), gene expression profiles pointed towards a diminished antimicrobial defense and were correlated with an uncultured Gastranaerophilales spp. This study demonstrates that aging is associated with pronounced changes in gut microbiota composition and colonic gene expression. Furthermore, the strong correlations between specific bacterial genera and host gene expression may imply that orchestrated interactions take place in the vicinity of the colonic wall and potentially mediate colonic health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benthe van der Lugt
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fenni Rusli
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Lute
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Lamprakis
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ethel Salazar
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark V Boekschoten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J Hooiveld
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Müller
- Nutrigenomics and Systems Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Vervoort
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kersten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dieuwertje E G Kok
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma T Steegenga
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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35
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Salem F, Kindt N, Marchesi JR, Netter P, Lopez A, Kokten T, Danese S, Jouzeau JY, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Moulin D. Gut microbiome in chronic rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases: Similarities and differences. United European Gastroenterol J 2019; 7:1008-1032. [PMID: 31662859 DOI: 10.1177/2050640619867555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and chronic rheumatic diseases (CRDs) are systemic chronic disorders sharing common genetic, immune and environmental factors. About half of patients with IBD develop rheumatic ailments and microscopic intestinal inflammation is present in up to half of CRD patients. IBD and CRD patients also share a common therapeutic armamentarium. Disequilibrium in the complex realm of microbes (known as dysbiosis) that closely interact with the gut mucosal immune system has been associated with both IBD and CRD (spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis). Whether dysbiosis represents an epiphenomenon or a prodromal feature remains to be determined. Methods In an attempt to further investigate whether specific gut dysbiosis may be the missing link between IBD and CRD in patients developing both diseases, we performed here a systematic literature review focusing on studies looking at bacterial microbiota in CRD and/or IBD patients. Results We included 80 studies, with a total of 3799 IBD patients without arthritis, 1084 CRD patients without IBD, 132 IBD patients with arthropathy manifestations and 12 spondyloarthritis patients with IBD history. Overall, this systematic review indicates that an increase in Bifidobacterium, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Proteus genera, as well as a decrease in Faecalibacterium, Roseburia genera and species belonging to Verrucomicrobia and Fusobacteria phyla are common features in IBD and CRD patients, whereas dozens of bacterial species are specific features of CRD and IBD. Conclusion Further work is needed to understand the functions of bacteria and of their metabolites but also to characterize fungi and viruses that are commonly found in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatouma Salem
- IMoPA, UMR7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Nadège Kindt
- IMoPA, UMR7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Imperial College London, UK.,School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Patrick Netter
- IMoPA, UMR7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Anthony Lopez
- NGERE, UMR_ U1256 INSERM-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France.,Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Tunay Kokten
- NGERE, UMR_ U1256 INSERM-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean-Yves Jouzeau
- IMoPA, UMR7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- NGERE, UMR_ U1256 INSERM-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France.,Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - David Moulin
- IMoPA, UMR7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France.,CHRU de Nancy, Contrat d'interface, Vandœuvre Les Nancy, France
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36
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Dietary Factors in Sulfur Metabolism and Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040931. [PMID: 31027194 PMCID: PMC6521024 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The biogeography of inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) suggests a proximal to distal concentration gradient of a toxin. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has long been considered one such toxin candidate, and dietary sulfur along with the abundance of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) were considered the primary determinants of H2S production and clinical course of UC. The metabolic milieu in the lumen of the colon, however, is the result of a multitude of factors beyond dietary sulfur intake and SRB abundance. Here we present an updated formulation of the H2S toxin hypothesis for UC pathogenesis, which strives to incorporate the interdependency of diet composition and the metabolic activity of the entire colon microbial community. Specifically, we suggest that the increasing severity of inflammation along the proximal-to-distal axis in UC is due to the dilution of beneficial factors, concentration of toxic factors, and changing detoxification capacity of the host, all of which are intimately linked to the nutrient flow from the diet.
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37
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Li N, Huang S, Jiang L, Dai Z, Li T, Han D, Wang J. Characterization of the Early Life Microbiota Development and Predominant Lactobacillus Species at Distinct Gut Segments of Low- and Normal-Birth-Weight Piglets. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:797. [PMID: 31040838 PMCID: PMC6476964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial exposure during early life plays a pivotal role in modulating the health and intestinal development of the host. Our recent study showed that the low-birth-weight (LBW) piglets harbored a different fecal microbiota compared to normal-birth-weight (NBW) piglets during early life with a lower abundance of the genus Lactobacillus. Considering the spatial variations in gut microbiota at distinct gut locations, this study was designed to further investigate the differences in the microbiota composition and predominant Lactobacillus species in the ileum and colon between LBW and NBW piglets during early life, including day 7 (D7), day 21 (D21, before weaning), and day 35 (D35, 2 weeks after weaning). Compared with the normal group, LBW piglets harbored a significantly lower proportion of short-chain fatty acids producing microbes, such as Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae in the ileum on D7, Alistipes and Lachnospiraceae in the colon on D7, Blautia in the colon on D21, and Ruminiclostridium 9 in the colon on D35. The relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was also declined in both ileum and colon of LBW piglets on D7. Meanwhile, the levels of total SCFAs on D7, D21, and D35, acetate and valerate on D7 and D21, propionate on D21, and lactate on D21 and D35, were also declined in the colon of LBW piglets. Moreover, functional alterations in the gut microbiota of LBW piglets were characterized by differentially abundant microbial genes involved in multiple pathways such as amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, replication and repair, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins in the colon. Additionally, lower numbers of L. salivarius on D7 and L. amylovorus on D21 resided in the colon of LBW piglets compared to those in the normal ones. Collectively, LBW piglets have altered bacterial communities, microbial metabolism and gene functions in the ileum and colon during early life, especially the colonic community. This work will help to develop novel ideas in identifying the reliable biomarkers affecting the gut microbiota development in LBW piglets during early life and facilitate the development of new nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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38
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Ghaly S, Kaakoush NO, Lloyd F, Gordon L, Forest C, Lawrance IC, Hart PH. Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10081069. [PMID: 30103486 PMCID: PMC6116187 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced sunlight exposure has been associated with an increased incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the faecal microbiome and susceptibility to colitis has not been explored. C57Bl/6 female mice were fed three different vitamin D-containing diets for 24 days before half of the mice in each group were UV-irradiated (1 kJ/m2) for each of four days, followed by twice-weekly irradiation of shaved dorsal skin for 35 days. Faecal DNA was extracted and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S RNA gene performed. UV irradiation of skin was associated with a significant change in the beta-diversity of faeces compared to nonirradiated mice, independently of vitamin D. Specifically, members of phylum Firmicutes, including Coprococcus, were enriched, whereas members of phylum Bacteroidetes, such as Bacteroidales, were depleted. Expression of colonic CYP27B1 increased by four-fold and IL1β decreased by five-fold, suggesting a UVR-induced anti-inflammatory effect. UV-irradiated mice, however, were not protected against colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), although distinct faecal microbiome differences were documented post-DSS between UV-irradiated and nonirradiated mice. Thus, skin exposure to UVR alters the faecal microbiome, and further investigations to explore the implications of this in health and disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ghaly
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia.
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia.
| | - Frances Lloyd
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Lavinia Gordon
- Australian Genome Research Facility, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Cynthia Forest
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Ian C Lawrance
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, St. John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia.
| | - Prue H Hart
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia.
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39
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Binding of Helicobacter pylori to Human Gastric Mucins Correlates with Binding of TFF1. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6020044. [PMID: 29783620 PMCID: PMC6027488 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori binds to the gastric mucin, MUC5AC, and to trefoil factor, TFF1, which has been shown to interact with gastric mucin. We examined the interactions of TFF1 and H. pylori with purified gastrointestinal mucins from different animal species and from humans printed on a microarray platform to investigate whether TFF1 may play a role in locating H. pylori in gastric mucus. TFF1 bound almost exclusively to human gastric mucins and did not interact with human colonic mucins. There was a strong correlation between binding of TFF1 and H. pylori to human gastric mucins, and between binding of both TFF1 and H. pylori to gastric mucins with that of Griffonia simplicifolia lectin-II, which is specific for terminal non-reducing α- or β-linked N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. These results suggest that TFF1 may help to locate H. pylori in a discrete layer of gastric mucus and hence restrain their interactions with epithelial cells.
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40
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Lavelle A. Festschrift for Ronan O'Connell: pouchitis, ulcerative colitis and the microbiome. Ir J Med Sci 2018. [PMID: 29524104 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-018-1785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis of altered bacterial communities contributing to the development of pouchitis began a scientific quest to link host mucosal factors, microbial metabolism and spatial structure of the colonic microbiome in ulcerative colitis, reaching its apotheosis with the integration of advanced spatial sampling with laser capture microdissection, mucin array profiling, molecular microbiology and next-generation sequencing technologies. This article, part of a festschrift, summarises the contributions of the O'Connell lab to the field of host-microbial interactions in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Medicine, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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41
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Hirano A, Umeno J, Okamoto Y, Shibata H, Ogura Y, Moriyama T, Torisu T, Fujioka S, Fuyuno Y, Kawarabayasi Y, Matsumoto T, Kitazono T, Esaki M. Comparison of the microbial community structure between inflamed and non-inflamed sites in patients with ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:1590-1597. [PMID: 29462845 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The gut microbiota is suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, interindividual and spatial variations hamper the identification of UC-related changes. We thus investigated paired mucosa-associated microbiota obtained from both inflamed and non-inflamed sites of UC patients and corresponding sites of non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls. METHODS Mucosal biopsies of both inflamed and non-inflamed sites were obtained from 14 patients with active UC of the left-sided or proctitis type. Paired mucosal biopsies of the corresponding sites were obtained from 14 non-IBD controls. The microbial community structure was investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, followed by data analysis using qiime and LEfSe softwares. RESULTS Microbial alpha diversity in both inflamed and non-inflamed sites was significantly lower in UC patients compared with non-IBD controls. There were more microbes of the genus Cloacibacterium and the Tissierellaceae family, and there were less microbes of the genus Neisseria at the inflamed site when compared with the non-inflamed site in UC patients. Decreased abundance of the genera Prevotella, Eubacterium, Neisseria, Leptotrichia, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, and Butyricimonas was evident at the inflamed site of UC patients compared with the corresponding site of non-IBD controls. Among these taxa, the genera Prevotella and Butyricimonas were also less abundant at the non-inflamed site of UC patients compared with the corresponding site in non-IBD controls. CONCLUSIONS Mucosal microbial dysbiosis occurs at both inflamed and non-inflamed sites in UC patients. The taxa showing altered abundance in UC patients might mediate colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hirano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Umeno
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Okamoto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shibata
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Ogura
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Moriyama
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takehiro Torisu
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin Fujioka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuta Fuyuno
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawarabayasi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Esaki
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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42
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Bishehsari F, Engen PA, Preite NZ, Tuncil YE, Naqib A, Shaikh M, Rossi M, Wilber S, Green SJ, Hamaker BR, Khazaie K, Voigt RM, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A. Dietary Fiber Treatment Corrects the Composition of Gut Microbiota, Promotes SCFA Production, and Suppresses Colon Carcinogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020102. [PMID: 29462896 PMCID: PMC5852598 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies propose a protective role for dietary fiber in colon cancer (CRC). One possible mechanism of fiber is its fermentation property in the gut and ability to change microbiota composition and function. Here, we investigate the role of a dietary fiber mixture in polyposis and elucidate potential mechanisms using TS4Cre × cAPCl°x468 mice. Stool microbiota profiling was performed, while functional prediction was done using PICRUSt. Stool short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites were measured. Histone acetylation and expression of SCFA butyrate receptor were assessed. We found that SCFA-producing bacteria were lower in the polyposis mice, suggesting a decline in the fermentation product of dietary fibers with polyposis. Next, a high fiber diet was given to polyposis mice, which significantly increased SCFA-producing bacteria as well as SCFA levels. This was associated with an increase in SCFA butyrate receptor and a significant decrease in polyposis. In conclusion, we found polyposis to be associated with dysbiotic microbiota characterized by a decline in SCFA-producing bacteria, which was targetable by high fiber treatment, leading to an increase in SCFA levels and amelioration of polyposis. The prebiotic activity of fiber, promoting beneficial bacteria, could be the key mechanism for the protective effects of fiber on colon carcinogenesis. SCFA-promoting fermentable fibers are a promising dietary intervention to prevent CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Bishehsari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Phillip A Engen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Nailliw Z Preite
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Yunus E Tuncil
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
| | - Ankur Naqib
- DNA Services Facility, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Stefan J Green
- DNA Services Facility, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
| | - Khashayarsha Khazaie
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht Netherlands.
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA.
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Burrough ER, Arruda BL, Plummer PJ. Comparison of the Luminal and Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in the Colon of Pigs with and without Swine Dysentery. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:139. [PMID: 28971100 PMCID: PMC5609587 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonic contents and mucosal scrapings from pigs inoculated with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae or Brachyspira hampsonii were collected at necropsy and classified as either positive (n = 29) or negative (n = 7) for swine dysentery (SD) based upon lesions and positive culture from the source pig. The microbiota in each sample was analyzed by bacterial census taking (16S rRNA gene sequencing). Procrustes analysis revealed similar clustering by disease classification with a relatively high M2 value (0.44) suggesting differences in the microbiota between mucosal and luminal samples from the same pig. In both sample types, differences in richness and beta diversity were observed between disease statuses (P ≤ 0.014). The relative abundance of Brachyspirales, Campylobacterales, Desulfovibrionales, and Enterobacteriales was higher in pigs with dysentery for both mucosal scrapings and luminal samples while Clostridiales, Erysipelotrichales, and Fusobacteriales were significantly more abundant in the luminal contents only. For inoculated pigs that did not develop dysentery, Burkholderiales were more abundant in both sample types, Bacteroidales and Synergistales were more abundant in mucosal scrapings, and Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriales were more abundant in luminal contents when compared with diseased pigs. Linear discriminant analysis of effect size revealed Brachyspira, Campylobacter, Mogibacterium, and multiple Desulfovibrio spp. as differential features in mucosal scrapings from pigs with dysentery while Lactobacillus and a Bifidobacterium spp. were differential in pigs without disease. These differential features were not observed in luminal samples. In summary, microbial profiles in both sample types differ significantly between disease states; however, evaluation of the mucosal microbiome specifically may be of higher value in elucidating bacterial mechanisms underlying development of SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Burrough
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Bailey L Arruda
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Paul J Plummer
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Thomas AM, Jesus EC, Lopes A, Aguiar S, Begnami MD, Rocha RM, Carpinetti PA, Camargo AA, Hoffmann C, Freitas HC, Silva IT, Nunes DN, Setubal JC, Dias-Neto E. Tissue-Associated Bacterial Alterations in Rectal Carcinoma Patients Revealed by 16S rRNA Community Profiling. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:179. [PMID: 28018861 PMCID: PMC5145865 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic and inflammatory forms of colorectal cancer (CRC) account for more than 80% of cases. Recent publications have shown mechanistic evidence for the involvement of gut bacteria in the development of both CRC-forms. Whereas, colon and rectal cancer have been routinely studied together as CRC, increasing evidence show these to be distinct diseases. Also, the common use of fecal samples to study microbial communities may reflect disease state but possibly not the tumor microenvironment. We performed this study to evaluate differences in bacterial communities found in tissue samples of 18 rectal-cancer subjects when compared to 18 non-cancer controls. Samples were collected during exploratory colonoscopy (non-cancer group) or during surgery for tumor excision (rectal-cancer group). High throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the V4-V5 region was conducted on the Ion PGM platform, reads were filtered using Qiime and clustered using UPARSE. We observed significant increases in species richness and diversity in rectal cancer samples, evidenced by the total number of OTUs and the Shannon and Simpson indexes. Enterotyping analysis divided our cohort into two groups, with the majority of rectal cancer samples clustering into one enterotype, characterized by a greater abundance of Bacteroides and Dorea. At the phylum level, rectal-cancer samples had increased abundance of candidate phylum OD1 (also known as Parcubacteria) whilst non-cancer samples had increased abundance of Planctomycetes. At the genera level, rectal-cancer samples had higher abundances of Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Parabacteroides, Desulfovibrio, and Odoribacter whereas non-cancer samples had higher abundances of Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, and Bacillus. Two Bacteroides fragilis OTUs were more abundant among rectal-cancer patients seen through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, whose presence was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and enrichment verified by digital droplet PCR. Our findings point to increased bacterial richness and diversity in rectal cancer, along with several differences in microbial community composition. Our work is the first to present evidence for a possible role of bacteria such as B. fragilis and the phylum Parcubacteria in rectal cancer, emphasizing the need to study tissue-associated bacteria and specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract in order to better understand the possible links between the microbiota and rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Thomas
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil; Curso de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane C Jesus
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ademar Lopes
- Department of Pelvic Surgery, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel Aguiar
- Department of Pelvic Surgery, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria D Begnami
- Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Rocha
- Laboratory of Molecular Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, Medicine College, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christian Hoffmann
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Food Research Center (FoRC), Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helano C Freitas
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Oncology, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Israel T Silva
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana N Nunes
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C. Camargo Cancer Center São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João C Setubal
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil; Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia TechBlacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27) Alzira Denise Hertzog Silva, Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
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Donkey milk consumption exerts anti-inflammatory properties by normalizing antimicrobial peptides levels in Paneth's cells in a model of ileitis in mice. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:155-166. [PMID: 27581119 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we showed the beneficial effects of donkey milk (DM) on inflammatory damages, endogenous antimicrobial peptides levels and fecal microbiota profile in a mice model of Crohn's disease. Nowadays, new strategies of microbiome manipulations are on the light involving specific diets to induce and/or to maintain clinical remission. Interest of DM is explained by its high levels of antimicrobial peptides which confer it anti-inflammatory properties. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with or without indomethacin for 5 days and co-treated with vehicle, DM or heated DM during 7 days. Intestinal length and macroscopic damage scores (MDSs) were determined; ileal samples were taken off for microscopic damage (MD), lysozyme immunostaining and mRNA α-defensin assessments. Ileal luminal content and fecal pellets were collected for lysozyme enzymatic activity and lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) evaluations. Fecal microbiota profiles were compared using a real-time quantitative PCR-based analysis. RESULTS Administration of indomethacin caused an ileitis in mice characterized by (1) a decrease in body weight and intestinal length, (2) a significant increase in MDS, MD and LCN-2, (3) a reduction in both α-defensin mRNA expression and lysozyme levels in Paneth's cells reflected by a decrease in lysozyme activity in feces, and (4) a global change in relative abundance of targeted microbial communities. DM treatment significantly reduced almost of all these ileitis damages, whereas heated DM has no impact on ileitis. CONCLUSIONS DM consumption exerts anti-inflammatory properties in mice by restoring the endogenous levels of antimicrobial peptides which contribute in turn to reduce microbiota imbalance.
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Derrien M, Belzer C, de Vos WM. Akkermansia muciniphila and its role in regulating host functions. Microb Pathog 2016; 106:171-181. [PMID: 26875998 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 614] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is an intestinal bacterium that was isolated a decade ago from a human fecal sample. Its specialization in mucin degradation makes it a key organism at the mucosal interface between the lumen and host cells. Although it was isolated quite recently, it has rapidly raised significant interest as A. muciniphila is the only cultivated intestinal representative of the Verrucomicrobia, one of the few phyla in the human gut that can be easily detected in phylogenetic and metagenome analyses. There has also been a growing interest in A. muciniphila, due to its association with health in animals and humans. Notably, reduced levels of A. muciniphila have been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (mainly ulcerative colitis) and metabolic disorders, which suggests it may have potential anti-inflammatory properties. The aims of this review are to summarize the existing data on the intestinal distribution of A. muciniphila in health and disease, to provide insight into its ecology and its role in founding microbial networks at the mucosal interface, as well as to discuss recent research on its role in regulating host functions that are disturbed in various diseases, with a specific focus on metabolic disorders in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Derrien
- Danone Nutricia Research, Avenue de la Vauve, 91767 Palaiseau, France.
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Immunobiology Research Program, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Assessing Bacterial Interactions Using Carbohydrate-Based Microarrays. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:690-713. [PMID: 27600247 PMCID: PMC4996414 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4040690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play a crucial role in host-microorganism interactions and many host glycoconjugates are receptors or co-receptors for microbial binding. Host glycosylation varies with species and location in the body, and this contributes to species specificity and tropism of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, bacterial glycosylation is often the first bacterial molecular species encountered and responded to by the host system. Accordingly, characterising and identifying the exact structures involved in these critical interactions is an important priority in deciphering microbial pathogenesis. Carbohydrate-based microarray platforms have been an underused tool for screening bacterial interactions with specific carbohydrate structures, but they are growing in popularity in recent years. In this review, we discuss carbohydrate-based microarrays that have been profiled with whole bacteria, recombinantly expressed adhesins or serum antibodies. Three main types of carbohydrate-based microarray platform are considered; (i) conventional carbohydrate or glycan microarrays; (ii) whole mucin microarrays; and (iii) microarrays constructed from bacterial polysaccharides or their components. Determining the nature of the interactions between bacteria and host can help clarify the molecular mechanisms of carbohydrate-mediated interactions in microbial pathogenesis, infectious disease and host immune response and may lead to new strategies to boost therapeutic treatments.
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