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Meng H. DEEP LEARNING FOR ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN VITAL CAPACITY AND BLOOD MARKERS AFTER SWIMMING MATCHES BASED ON BLENDED LEARNING. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Nowadays, more people are concerned with physical exercise and swimming competitions, as a major sporting event, have become a focus of attention. Such competitions require special attention to their athletes and the use of computational algorithms assists in this task. Objective To design and validate an algorithm to evaluate changes in vital capacity and blood markers of athletes after swimming matches based on combined learning. Methods The data integration algorithm was used to analyze changes in vital capacity and blood acid after combined learning swimming competition, followed by the construction of an information system model to calculate and process this algorithm. Results Comparative experiments show that the neural network algorithm can reduce the calculation time from the original initial time. In the latest tests carried out in about 10 seconds, this has greatly reduced the total calculation time. Conclusion According to the model requirements of the designed algorithm, practical help has been demonstrated by building a computational model. The algorithm can be optimized and selected according to the calculation model according to the reality of the application. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Meng
- Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, China
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Kuga K, Sakamoto M, Wargocki P, Ito K. Prediction of exhaled carbon dioxide concentration using a computer-simulated person that included alveolar gas exchange. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13079. [PMID: 36040273 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of inhaled CO2 concentration and alveolar gas exchange efficiency would improve the prediction of CO2 concentrations around the human body, which is essential for advanced ventilation design in buildings. We therefore, developed a computer-simulated person (CSP) that included a computational fluid dynamics approach. The CSP simulates metabolic heat production at the skin surface and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) gas exchange at the alveoli during the transient breathing cycle. This makes it possible to predict the CO2 distribution around the human body. The numerical model of the CO2 gas exchange mechanism includes both the upper and lower airways and makes it possible to calculate the alveolar CO2 partial pressure; this improves the prediction accuracy. We used the CSP to predict emission rates of metabolically generated CO2 exhaled by a person and assumed that the tidal volume will be unconsciously reduced as a result of exposure to poor indoor air quality. A reduction in tidal volume resulted in a decrease in CO2 emission rates of the same magnitude as was observed in our published experimental data. We also observed that the predicted inhaled CO2 concentration depended on the flow pattern around the human body, as would be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kuga
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Sakamoto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Japan
| | - Pawel Wargocki
- International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Environmental and Resources Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kazuhide Ito
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan
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Soon S, Svavarsdottir H, Downey C, Jayne DG. Wearable devices for remote vital signs monitoring in the outpatient setting: an overview of the field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjinnov-2019-000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of physiological deterioration has been shown to improve patient outcomes. Due to recent improvements in technology, comprehensive outpatient vital signs monitoring is now possible. This is the first review to collate information on all wearable devices on the market for outpatient physiological monitoring.A scoping review was undertaken. The monitors reviewed were limited to those that can function in the outpatient setting with minimal restrictions on the patient’s normal lifestyle, while measuring any or all of the vital signs: heart rate, ECG, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, blood pressure and temperature.A total of 270 papers were included in the review. Thirty wearable monitors were examined: 6 patches, 3 clothing-based monitors, 4 chest straps, 2 upper arm bands and 15 wristbands. The monitoring of vital signs in the outpatient setting is a developing field with differing levels of evidence for each monitor. The most common clinical application was heart rate monitoring. Blood pressure and oxygen saturation measurements were the least common applications. There is a need for clinical validation studies in the outpatient setting to prove the potential of many of the monitors identified.Research in this area is in its infancy. Future research should look at aggregating the results of validity and reliability and patient outcome studies for each monitor and between different devices. This would provide a more holistic overview of the potential for the clinical use of each device.
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Estimating minute ventilation and air pollution inhaled dose using heart rate, breath frequency, age, sex and forced vital capacity: A pooled-data analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218673. [PMID: 31287820 PMCID: PMC6615621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution inhaled dose is the product of pollutant concentration and minute ventilation ( V˙E). Previous studies have parameterized the relationship between V˙E and variables such as heart rate (HR) and have observed substantial inter-subject variability. In this paper, we evaluate a method to estimate V˙E with easy-to-measure variables in an analysis of pooled-data from eight independent studies. We compiled a large diverse data set that is balanced with respect to age, sex and fitness level. We used linear mixed models to estimate V˙E with HR, breath frequency (fB), age, sex, height, and forced vital capacity (FVC) as predictors. FVC was estimated using the Global Lung Function Initiative method. We log-transformed the dependent and independent variables to produce a model in the form of a power function and assessed model performance using a ten-fold cross-validation procedure. The best performing model using HR as the only field-measured parameter was V˙E = e-9.59HR2.39age0.274sex-0.204FVC0.520 with HR in beats per minute, age in years, sex is 1 for males and 2 for females, FVC in liters, and a median(IQR) cross-validated percent error of 0.664(45.4)%. The best performing model overall was V˙E = e-8.57HR1.72fB0.611age0.298sex-0.206FVC0.614, where fB is breaths per minute, and a median(IQR) percent error of 1.20(37.9)%. The performance of these models is substantially better than any previously-published model when evaluated using this large pooled-data set. We did not observe an independent effect of height on V˙E, nor an effect of race, though this may have been due to insufficient numbers of non-white participants. We did observe an effect of FVC such that these models over- or under-predict V˙E in persons whose measured FVC was substantially lower or higher than estimated FVC, respectively. Although additional measurements are necessary to confirm this finding regarding FVC, we recommend using measured FVC when possible.
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Liang L, Gong P, Cong N, Li Z, Zhao Y, Chen Y. Assessment of personal exposure to particulate air pollution: the first result of City Health Outlook (CHO) project. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:711. [PMID: 31174508 PMCID: PMC6555980 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To mitigate air pollution-related health risks and target interventions towards the populations bearing the greatest risks, the City Health Outlook (CHO) project aims to establish multi-scale, long-lasting, real-time urban environment and health monitoring networks. A major goal of CHO is to collect data of personal exposure to particulate air pollution through a full profile that consists of a matrix of activities and micro-environments. As the first paper of a series, this paper is targeted at illustrating the characteristics of the participants and examining the effects of different covariates on personal exposure at various air pollution exposure levels. Methods In the first campaign, volunteers are recruited to wear portable environmental sensors to record their real-time personal air pollution exposure and routes. After a web-based social media recruitment strategy, 50 eligible subjects joined the first campaign in Beijing from January 8 to January 20, 2018. The mean personal exposures were measured at 19.36, 37.65, and 43.45 μg/m3 for particulate matter (PM) with a diameter less than 1, 2.5, and 10 μm, respectively, albeit with the high spatial-temporal variations. Results Unequal distribution of exposures was observed in the subjects with different sociodemographic status, travel behavior, living and health conditions. Quantile regression analysis reveals that subjects who are younger, less educated, exposed to passive smoking, low to middle household income, overweight, without ventilation system at home or office, and do not possess private vehicles, are more susceptible to PM pollution. The differences, however, are generally insignificant at low exposure levels and become evident on bad air quality days. Conclusions The heterogeneity in personal exposure found in this the first CHO campaign highlighted the importance of studying the pollution exposure at the individual scale. It is at the critical stage to bridge the knowledge gap of environmental inequality in different populations, which can lead to great health implications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7022-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liang
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX, 76203, USA.
| | - Peng Gong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Na Cong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Good N, Carpenter T, Anderson GB, Wilson A, Peel JL, Browning RC, Volckens J. Development and validation of models to predict personal ventilation rate for air pollution research. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2019; 29:568-577. [PMID: 30185945 PMCID: PMC6401349 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-018-0067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution intake represents the amount of pollution inhaled into the body and may be calculated by multiplying an individual's ventilation rate with the concentration of pollutant present in their breathing zone. Ventilation rate is difficult to measure directly, and methods for estimating ventilation rate (and intake) are lacking. Therefore, the goal of this work was to examine how well linear models using heart rate and other basic physiologic data can predict personal ventilation rate. We measured personal ventilation and heart rate among a panel of subjects (n = 36) while they conducted a series of specified routine tasks of varying exertion levels. From these data, 136 candidate models were identified using a series of variable transformation and selection algorithms. A second "free‑living" validation study (n = 26) served as an independent validation dataset for these candidate models. The top‑performing model, which included heart rate (Hr), resting heart rate (Hrest), age, sex, and hip circumference and interactions between sex with Hr, Hrest, age, and hip predicted ventilation rate (Ve) to within 11% and 33% for moderate (Ve = 45 L/min) and low (Ve = 15 L/min) intensity activities, respectively, based on the validation study. Many of the promising candidate models performed substantially worse under independent validation. Our results indicate that while measures of air pollution exposure and intake are highly correlated within tasks for a given individual, this correlation decreases substantially across tasks (i.e., as individuals go about a series of typical daily activities). This discordance between exposure and intake may influence exposure‑response estimates in epidemiological studies. New air pollution studies should consider the trade‑offs between the predictive ability of intake models and the error potentially introduced by not accounting for ventilation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Good
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - T Carpenter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - G B Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - A Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - J L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - R C Browning
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Nike Sport Research Laboratory, Nike, Inc., Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - J Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Singla S, Bansal D, Misra A, Raheja G. Towards an integrated framework for air quality monitoring and exposure estimation-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:562. [PMID: 30167891 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For the health and safety of the public, it is essential to measure spatiotemporal distribution of air pollution in a region and thus monitor air quality in a fine-grain manner. While most of the sensing-based commercial applications available until today have been using fixed environmental sensors, the use of personal devices such as smartphones, smartwatches, and other wearable devices has not been explored in depth. These kinds of devices have an advantage of being with the user continuously, thus providing an ability to generate accurate and well-distributed spatiotemporal air pollution data. In this paper, we review the studies (especially in the last decade) done by various researchers using different kinds of environmental sensors highlighting related techniques and issues. We also present important studies of measuring impact and emission of air pollution on human beings and also discuss models using which air pollution inhalation can be associated to humans by quantifying personal exposure with the use of human activity detection. The overarching aim of this review is to provide novel and key ideas that have the potential to drive pervasive and individual centric and yet accurate pollution monitoring techniques which can scale up to the future needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Archan Misra
- Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
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Dons E, Laeremans M, Orjuela JP, Avila-Palencia I, Carrasco-Turigas G, Cole-Hunter T, Anaya-Boig E, Standaert A, De Boever P, Nawrot T, Götschi T, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Int Panis L. Wearable Sensors for Personal Monitoring and Estimation of Inhaled Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Evaluation of Methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1859-1867. [PMID: 28080048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity and ventilation rates have an effect on an individual's dose and may be important to consider in exposure-response relationships; however, these factors are often ignored in environmental epidemiology studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate methods of estimating the inhaled dose of air pollution and understand variability in the absence of a true gold standard metric. Five types of methods were identified: (1) methods using (physical) activity types, (2) methods based on energy expenditure, METs (metabolic equivalents of task), and oxygen consumption, (3) methods based on heart rate or (4) breathing rate, and (5) methods that combine heart and breathing rate. Methods were compared using a real-life data set of 122 adults who wore devices to track movement, black carbon air pollution, and physiological health markers for 3 weeks in three European cities. Different methods for estimating minute ventilation performed well in relative terms with high correlations among different methods, but in absolute terms, ignoring increased ventilation during day-to-day activities could lead to an underestimation of the daily dose by a factor of 0.08-1.78. There is no single best method, and a multitude of methods are currently being used to approximate the dose. The choice of a suitable method for determining the dose in future studies will depend on both the size and the objectives of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University , Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich , Seilergraben 49, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University , Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Pasalic E, Hayat MJ, Greenwald R. Air pollution, physical activity, and markers of acute airway oxidative stress and inflammation in adolescents. JOURNAL OF THE GEORGIA PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION 2016; 6:314-330. [PMID: 30662974 PMCID: PMC6338427 DOI: 10.21633/jgpha.6.2s19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The airway inflammatory response is likely the mechanism for adverse health effects related to exposure to air pollution. Increased ventilation rates during physical activity in the presence of air pollution increases the inhaled dose of pollutants. However, physical activity may moderate the relationship between air pollution and the inflammatory response. The present study aimed to characterize, among healthy adolescents, the relationship between dose of inhaled air pollution, physical activity, and markers of lung function, oxidative stress, and airway inflammation. METHODS With a non-probability sample of adolescents, this observational study estimated the association between air pollution dose and outcome measures by use of general linear mixed models with an unstructured covariance structure and a random intercept for subjects to account for repeated measures within subjects. RESULTS A one interquartile range (IQR) (i.e., 345.64 μg) increase in ozone (O3) inhaled dose was associated with a 29.16% average decrease in the percentage of total oxidized compounds (%Oxidized). A one IQR (i.e., 2.368E+10 particle) increase in total particle number count in the inhaled dose (PNT) was associated with an average decrease in forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75) of 0.168 L/second. Increasing activity levels attenuated the relationship between PNT inhaled dose and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). The relationship between O3 inhaled dose and percent oxidized exhaled breath condensate cystine (%CYSS) was attenuated by activity level, with increasing activity levels corresponding to smaller changes from baseline for a constant O3 inhaled dose. CONCLUSIONS The moderating effects of activity level suggest that peaks of high concentration doses of air pollution may overwhelm the endogenous redox balance of cells, resulting in increased airway inflammation. Further research that examines the relationships between dose peaks over time and inflammation could help to determine whether a high concentration dose over a short period of time has a different effect than a lower concentration dose over a longer period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Pasalic
- Master of Public Health Program, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| | - Matthew J. Hayat
- Graduate Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| | - Roby Greenwald
- Graduate Division of Environmental Health, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
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