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Kadalayil L, Alam MZ, White CH, Ghantous A, Walton E, Gruzieva O, Merid SK, Kumar A, Roy RP, Solomon O, Huen K, Eskenazi B, Rzehak P, Grote V, Langhendries JP, Verduci E, Ferre N, Gruszfeld D, Gao L, Guan W, Zeng X, Schisterman EF, Dou JF, Bakulski KM, Feinberg JI, Soomro MH, Pesce G, Baiz N, Isaevska E, Plusquin M, Vafeiadi M, Roumeliotaki T, Langie SAS, Standaert A, Allard C, Perron P, Bouchard L, van Meel ER, Felix JF, Jaddoe VWV, Yousefi PD, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Relton CL, Tobi EW, Starling AP, Yang IV, Llambrich M, Santorelli G, Lepeule J, Salas LA, Bustamante M, Ewart SL, Zhang H, Karmaus W, Röder S, Zenclussen AC, Jin J, Nystad W, Page CM, Magnus M, Jima DD, Hoyo C, Maguire RL, Kvist T, Czamara D, Räikkönen K, Gong T, Ullemar V, Rifas-Shiman SL, Oken E, Almqvist C, Karlsson R, Lahti J, Murphy SK, Håberg SE, London S, Herberth G, Arshad H, Sunyer J, Grazuleviciene R, Dabelea D, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Nohr EA, Sørensen TIA, Duijts L, Hivert MF, Nelen V, Popovic M, Kogevinas M, Nawrot TS, Herceg Z, Annesi-Maesano I, Fallin MD, Yeung E, Breton CV, Koletzko B, Holland N, Wiemels JL, Melén E, Sharp GC, Silver MJ, Rezwan FI, Holloway JW. Analysis of DNA methylation at birth and in childhood reveals changes associated with season of birth and latitude. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:148. [PMID: 37697338 PMCID: PMC10496224 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal variations in environmental exposures at birth or during gestation are associated with numerous adult traits and health outcomes later in life. Whether DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a role in the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations between birth season and lifelong phenotypes remains unclear. METHODS We carried out epigenome-wide meta-analyses within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetic Consortium to identify associations of DNAm with birth season, both at differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs). Associations were examined at two time points: at birth (21 cohorts, N = 9358) and in children aged 1-11 years (12 cohorts, N = 3610). We conducted meta-analyses to assess the impact of latitude on birth season-specific associations at both time points. RESULTS We identified associations between birth season and DNAm (False Discovery Rate-adjusted p values < 0.05) at two CpGs at birth (winter-born) and four in the childhood (summer-born) analyses when compared to children born in autumn. Furthermore, we identified twenty-six differentially methylated regions (DMR) at birth (winter-born: 8, spring-born: 15, summer-born: 3) and thirty-two in childhood (winter-born: 12, spring and summer: 10 each) meta-analyses with few overlapping DMRs between the birth seasons or the two time points. The DMRs were associated with genes of known functions in tumorigenesis, psychiatric/neurological disorders, inflammation, or immunity, amongst others. Latitude-stratified meta-analyses [higher (≥ 50°N), lower (< 50°N, northern hemisphere only)] revealed differences in associations between birth season and DNAm by birth latitude. DMR analysis implicated genes with previously reported links to schizophrenia (LAX1), skin disorders (PSORS1C, LTB4R), and airway inflammation including asthma (LTB4R), present only at birth in the higher latitudes (≥ 50°N). CONCLUSIONS In this large epigenome-wide meta-analysis study, we provide evidence for (i) associations between DNAm and season of birth that are unique for the seasons of the year (temporal effect) and (ii) latitude-dependent variations in the seasonal associations (spatial effect). DNAm could play a role in the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of birth season on adult health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latha Kadalayil
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Md Zahangir Alam
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Cory Haley White
- Merck Exploratory Science Center in Cambridge MA, Merck Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Esther Walton
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Kebede Merid
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ritu P Roy
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Computational Biology and Informatics Core, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Olivia Solomon
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Karen Huen
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Peter Rzehak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Natalia Ferre
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Darek Gruszfeld
- Neonatal Department, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, MMC 303, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Enrique F Schisterman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John F Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jason I Feinberg
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Munawar Hussain Soomro
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris Cedex 12, France
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, SMBB Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Giancarlo Pesce
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris Cedex 12, France
| | - Nour Baiz
- Institut Desbrest de Santé Publique (IDESP), INSERM and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Isaevska
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO Piemonte, Italy
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Unit Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Unit Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Catherine Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Patrice Perron
- Department of Medicine, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean - Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada
| | - Evelien R van Meel
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D Yousefi
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Caroline L Relton
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elmar W Tobi
- Periconceptional Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne P Starling
- Life Course Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Maria Llambrich
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Johanna Lepeule
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Center for Molecular Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan L Ewart
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Stefan Röder
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jianping Jin
- 2530 Meridian Pkwy, Suite 200, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian M Page
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Statistics and Data Science, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Magnus
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dereje D Jima
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Rachel L Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tuomas Kvist
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tong Gong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilhelmina Ullemar
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Siri E Håberg
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie London
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, RTP, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hasan Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Life Course Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen
- Periconceptional Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Department of Clinical Research, Odense Universitetshospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vera Nelen
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maja Popovic
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO Piemonte, Italy
| | | | - Tim S Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Institut Desbrest de Santé Publique (IDESP), INSERM and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - M Daniele Fallin
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edwina Yeung
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Dr, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Holland
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, CERCH, Berkeley Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way #5216, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Matt J Silver
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Faisal I Rezwan
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
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Bodein I, Forestier M, Le Borgne C, Lefebvre JM, Pinçon C, Garat A, Standaert A, Décaudin B. [Evaluation of simulation-based training program intended to improve interprofessional communication skills of community pharmacy and general medicine students]. Ann Pharm Fr 2023; 81:354-365. [PMID: 35792148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this work is to assess the impact of a simulation session on the ability of pharmacy and medicine students in general practice to communicate in the resolution of patient-facing situations. METHODS The evaluation of the impact of the session on the representation of the professions used a questionnaire to be completed before and after the session by the students. The evaluation of the impact of the session on the perception of communication and associated skills was based on an audio recording of the debriefings, which, after transcription and thematic analysis, was used as a preliminary analysis for the drafting of a questionnaire proposed the following year. This questionnaire focused on the issues of interprofessional communication and on the seminar process. RESULTS During the 2018 and 2019 seminars, 518 students attended, 39% were pharmacy students (n=201) and 61% were medical students (n=317). The majority of medical students initially responded that physician-pharmacist communication was confraternal and rare. More pharmacy students felt that the quality of the physician-pharmacist relationship was poor. However, there was a marked improvement for all students on this aspect of communication after the seminar. Both groups also generally agreed that this relationship could be improved. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation shows that an interprofessional simulation program improves the ability of pharmacy and general practice students to communicate in patient-facing situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bodein
- Département de médecine générale, faculté de médecine, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Forestier
- Département de médecine générale, faculté de médecine, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Le Borgne
- Département de médecine générale, faculté de médecine, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lefebvre
- Département de médecine générale, faculté de médecine, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Pinçon
- Département de pharmacie officinale, faculté de pharmacie, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France; ULR2694 (METRICS : évaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales), university Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Garat
- Département de pharmacie officinale, faculté de pharmacie, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé, university Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Standaert
- Département de pharmacie officinale, faculté de pharmacie, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France; Inserm, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, university Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - B Décaudin
- Département de pharmacie officinale, faculté de pharmacie, university Lille, UFR3S, 59000 Lille, France; ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, university Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
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Yang X, Orjuela JP, McCoy E, Vich G, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, Brand C, Carrasco-Turigas G, Dons E, Gerike R, Götschi T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Panis LI, Standaert A, de Nazelle A. The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments. Environ Res 2022; 214:114083. [PMID: 35995220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that walking and cycling could help alleviate stress in cities, however there is poor knowledge on how specific microenvironmental conditions encountered during daily journeys may lead to varying degrees of stress experienced at that moment. We use objectively measured data and a robust causal inference framework to address this gap. Using a Bayesian Doubly Robust (BDR) approach, we find that black carbon exposure statistically significantly increases stress, as measured by Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), while cycling and while walking. Augmented Outcome Regression (AOR) models indicate that greenspace exposure and the presence of walking or cycling infrastructure could reduce stress. None of these effects are statistically significant for people in motorized transport. These findings add to a growing evidence-base on health benefits of policies aimed at decreasing air pollution, improving active travel infrastructure and increasing greenspace in cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuleng Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Transport Studies Unit (TSU), School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCoy
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guillem Vich
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christian Brand
- Transport Studies Unit (TSU), School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evi Dons
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Regine Gerike
- TU Dresden, Institute of Transport Planning and Road Traffic, Germany
| | - Thomas Götschi
- School of Planning, Public Policy & Management (PPPM), University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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Olsen JR, Nicholls N, Caryl F, Mendoza JO, Panis LI, Dons E, Laeremans M, Standaert A, Lee D, Avila-Palencia I, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Mitchell R. Day-to-day intrapersonal variability in mobility patterns and association with perceived stress: A cross-sectional study using GPS from 122 individuals in three European cities. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101172. [PMID: 35865800 PMCID: PMC9294330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many aspects of our life are related to our mobility patterns and individuals can exhibit strong tendencies towards routine in their daily lives. Intrapersonal day-to-day variability in mobility patterns has been associated with mental health outcomes. The study aims were: (a) calculate intrapersonal day-to-day variability in mobility metrics for three cities; (b) explore interpersonal variability in mobility metrics by sex, season and city, and (c) describe intrapersonal variability in mobility and their association with perceived stress. Data came from the Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) project, 122 eligible adults wore location measurement devices over 7-consecutive days, on three occasions during 2015 (Antwerp: 41, Barcelona: 41, London: 40). Participants completed the Short Form Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). Day-to-day variability in mobility was explored via six mobility metrics using distance of GPS point from home (meters:m), distance travelled between consecutive GPS points (m) and energy expenditure (metabolic equivalents:METs) of each GPS point collected (n = 3,372,919). A Kruskal-Wallis H test determined whether the median daily mobility metrics differed by city, sex and season. Variance in correlation quantified day-to-day intrapersonal variability in mobility. Levene's tests or Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to assess intrapersonal variability in mobility and perceived stress. There were differences in daily distance travelled, maximum distance from home and METS between individuals by sex, season and, for proportion of time at home also, by city. Intrapersonal variability across all mobility metrics were highly correlated; individuals had daily routines and largely stuck to them. We did not observe any association between stress and mobility. Individuals are habitual in their daily mobility patterns. This is useful for estimating environmental exposures and in fuelling simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Olsen
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Nicholls
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Caryl
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luc Int Panis
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt, Belgium.,Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Evi Dons
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt, Belgium.,Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Duncan Lee
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Universität Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Richard Mitchell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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5
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Yang X, McCoy E, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, Brand C, Carrasco-Turigas G, Dons E, Gerike R, Goetschi T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Pablo Orjuela J, Int Panis L, Standaert A, de Nazelle A. The effects of traveling in different transport modes on galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress: An observational study. Environ Int 2021; 156:106764. [PMID: 34273874 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is one of many ailments associated with urban living, with daily travel a potential major source. Active travel, nevertheless, has been associated with lower levels of stress compared to other modes. Earlier work has relied on self-reported measures of stress, and on study designs that limit our ability to establish causation. OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of daily travel in different modes on an objective proxy measure of stress, the galvanic skin response (GSR). METHODS We collected data from 122 participants across 3 European cities as part of the Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) study, including: GSR measured every minute alongside confounders (physical activity, near-body temperature) during three separate weeks covering 3 seasons; sociodemographic and travel information through questionnaires. Causal relationships between travel in different modes (the "treatment") and stress were established by using a propensity score matching (PSM) approach to adjust for potential confounding and estimating linear mixed models (LMM) with individuals as random effects to account for repeated measurements. In three separate analyses, we compared GSR while cycling to not cycling, then walking to not walking then motorized (public or private) travel to any activity other than motorized travel. RESULTS Depending on LMM formulations used, cycling reduces 1-minute GSR by 5.7% [95% CI: 2.0-16.9%] to 11.1% [95% CI: 5.0-24.4%] compared to any other activity. Repeating the analysis for other modes we find that: walking is also beneficial, reducing GSR by 3.9% [95% CI: 1.4-10.7%] to 5.7% [95% CI: 2.6-12.3%] compared to any other activity; motorized mode (private or public) in reverse increases GSR by up to 1.1% [95% CI: 0.5-2.9%]. DISCUSSION Active travel offers a welcome way to reduce stress in urban dwellers' daily lives. Stress can be added to the growing number of evidence-based reasons for promoting active travel in cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuleng Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCoy
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian Brand
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Transport Studies Unit (TSU), School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evi Dons
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Regine Gerike
- TU Dresden, Institute of Transport Planning and Road Traffic, Germany
| | - Thomas Goetschi
- School of Planning, Public Policy & Management (PPPM), University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Transport Studies Unit (TSU), School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Van Craenendonck T, Gerrits N, Buelens B, Petropoulos IN, Shuaib A, Standaert A, Malik RA, De Boever P. Retinal microvascular complexity comparing mono- and multifractal dimensions in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors in a Middle Eastern population. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e368-e377. [PMID: 32940010 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metrics that capture changes in the retinal microvascular structure are relevant in the context of cardiometabolic disease development. The microvascular topology is typically quantified using monofractals, although it obeys more complex multifractal rules. We study mono- and multifractals of the retinal microvasculature in relation to cardiometabolic factors. METHODS The cross-sectional retrospective study used data from 3000 Middle Eastern participants in the Qatar Biobank. A total of 2333 fundus images (78%) passed quality control and were used for further analysis. The monofractal (Df ) and five multifractal metrics were associated with cardiometabolic factors using multiple linear regression and were studied in clinically relevant subgroups. RESULTS Df and multifractals are lowered in function of age, and Df is lower in males compared to females. In models corrected for age and sex, Df is significantly associated with BMI, insulin, systolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), albumin, LDL and total cholesterol concentrations. Multifractals are negatively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose and the WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk score. Df was higher, and multifractal curve asymmetry was lower in diabetic patients (HbA1c > 6.5%) compared to healthy individuals (HbA1c < 5.7%). Insulin resistance (insulin ≥ 23 mcU/mL) was associated with significantly lower Df values. CONCLUSION One or more fractal metrics are in association with sex, age, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and biochemical blood measurements in a Middle Eastern population study. Follow-up studies aiming at investigating retinal microvascular changes in relation to cardiometabolic risk should analyse both monofractal and multifractal metrics for a more comprehensive microvascular picture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Hamad General Hospital Neuroscience Institute Doha Qatar
| | | | | | - Patrick De Boever
- VITO NV, Unit Health Mol Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
- Department of Biology University of Antwerp Antwerpen Belgium
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7
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Provost EB, Nawrot TS, Int Panis L, Standaert A, Saenen ND, De Boever P. Denser Retinal Microvascular Network Is Inversely Associated With Behavioral Outcomes and Sustained Attention in Children. Front Neurol 2021; 12:547033. [PMID: 33584528 PMCID: PMC7880124 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.547033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in geometry of the retinal microvascular network, including vessel width, vessel density, and tortuosity, have been associated with neurological disorders in adults. We investigated metrics of the retinal microvasculature in association with behavior and cognition in 8- to 12-year-old children. Digital fundus images of 190 children (48.2% girls, mean age 9.9 years) were used to calculate retinal vessel diameters, fractal dimension, lacunarity, and tortuosity. Parents filled out a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for behavioral screening. Cognitive performance testing included a computerized version of the Stroop test (selective attention), the Continuous Performance (sustained attention), the Digit-Symbol (visual scanning and information-processing speed) and the Pattern Comparison (visuospatial analytic ability) tests from the Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES3) battery. Retinal vessel geometry was significantly associated with the SDQ problem score, which increased with 1.1 points (95% CI: 0.3 to 1.9 points) per interquartile (IQR) increment in retinal fractal dimension, and decreased 1.4 points (95% CI: −2.4 to −0.4 points) or decreased 1.0 points (95% CI: −2.1 to 0.1 points) per IQR increment in retinal vascular lacunarity or tortuosity, respectively. Sensitivity analyses showed that results were driven by the hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problem scales of the SDQ. Correspondingly, mean reaction time on the Continuous Performance test increased by 11 ms (95% CI: 4.4 to 17.6 ms) with an IQR increase in fractal dimension. The results indicate that a denser retinal microvascular network, exemplified by a higher fractal dimension and lower lacunarity, are inversely associated with behavioral outcomes and sustained attention in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline B Provost
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.,School for Mobility, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nelly D Saenen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.,Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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8
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Lemmens S, Van Craenendonck T, Van Eijgen J, De Groef L, Bruffaerts R, de Jesus DA, Charle W, Jayapala M, Sunaric-Mégevand G, Standaert A, Theunis J, Van Keer K, Vandenbulcke M, Moons L, Vandenberghe R, De Boever P, Stalmans I. Combination of snapshot hyperspectral retinal imaging and optical coherence tomography to identify Alzheimer's disease patients. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:144. [PMID: 33172499 PMCID: PMC7654576 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The eye offers potential for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with retinal imaging techniques being explored to quantify amyloid accumulation and aspects of neurodegeneration. To assess these changes, this proof-of-concept study combined hyperspectral imaging and optical coherence tomography to build a classification model to differentiate between AD patients and controls. METHODS In a memory clinic setting, patients with a diagnosis of clinically probable AD (n = 10) or biomarker-proven AD (n = 7) and controls (n = 22) underwent non-invasive retinal imaging with an easy-to-use hyperspectral snapshot camera that collects information from 16 spectral bands (460-620 nm, 10-nm bandwidth) in one capture. The individuals were also imaged using optical coherence tomography for assessing retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL). Dedicated image preprocessing analysis was followed by machine learning to discriminate between both groups. RESULTS Hyperspectral data and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness data were used in a linear discriminant classification model to discriminate between AD patients and controls. Nested leave-one-out cross-validation resulted in a fair accuracy, providing an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.74 (95% confidence interval [0.60-0.89]). Inner loop results showed that the inclusion of the RNFL features resulted in an improvement of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: for the most informative region assessed, the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [0.55, 0.86]) and 0.79 (95% confidence interval [0.65, 0.93]), respectively. The robust statistics used in this study reduces the risk of overfitting and partly compensates for the limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS This study in a memory-clinic-based cohort supports the potential of hyperspectral imaging and suggests an added value of combining retinal imaging modalities. Standardization and longitudinal data on fully amyloid-phenotyped cohorts are required to elucidate the relationship between retinal structure and cognitive function and to evaluate the robustness of the classification model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lemmens
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Toon Van Craenendonck
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Jan Van Eijgen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rose Bruffaerts
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danilo Andrade de Jesus
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Gordana Sunaric-Mégevand
- Clinical Research Center, Mémorial A. de Rothschild, 22 Chemin Beau Soleil, 1208 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arnout Standaert
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Jan Theunis
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karel Van Keer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Division of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Moons
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Alzheimer Research Center KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Hasselt University, Center of Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ingeborg Stalmans
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Pagny A, Delbeke M, Dendooven A, Standaert A, Porcherie A, Staumont-Sallé D, Capron M. 425 Immunomodulation of skin inflammation by P28GST, a helminth parasite-derived protein, in a murine model of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Avila-Palencia I, Laeremans M, Hoffmann B, Anaya-Boig E, Carrasco-Turigas G, Cole-Hunter T, de Nazelle A, Dons E, Götschi T, Int Panis L, Orjuela JP, Standaert A, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. Effects of physical activity and air pollution on blood pressure. Environ Res 2019; 173:387-396. [PMID: 30954912 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the main and interaction effects of black carbon and physical activity on arterial blood pressure in a healthy adult population from three European cities using objective personal measurements over short-term (hours and days) and long-term exposure. METHODS A panel study of 122 healthy adults was performed in three European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, and London). In 3 seasons between March 2015 and March 2016, each participant wore sensors for one week to objectively measure their exposure to black carbon and monitor their physical activity continuously. Blood pressure was assessed three times during the week: at the beginning (day 0), in the middle (day 4), and at the end (day 7). Associations of black carbon and physical activity with blood pressure and their interactions were investigated with linear regression models and multiplicative interaction terms, adjusting for all the potential confounders. RESULTS In multiple exposure models, we did not see any effects of black carbon on blood pressure but did see effects on systolic blood pressure of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity effect that were statistically significant from 1 h to 8 h after exposure and for long-term exposure. For a 1METhour increase of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, the difference in the expected mean systolic blood pressure varied from -1.46 mmHg (95%CI -2.11, -0.80) for 1 h mean exposure, to -0.29 mmHg (95%CI -0.55, -0.03) for 8 h mean exposure, and -0.05 mmHg (95%CI -0.09, -0.00) for long-term exposure. There were little to no interaction effects. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study provide evidence that short-term and long-term exposure to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with a decrease in systolic blood pressure levels. We did not find evidence for a consistent main effect of black carbon on blood pressure, nor any interaction between black carbon and physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal. Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF). Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- ISGlobal. Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF). Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research (CAR), Sydney, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal. Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF). Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Laeremans M, Dons E, Avila-Palencia I, Carrasco-Turigas G, Orjuela-Mendoza JP, Anaya-Boig E, Cole-Hunter T, DE Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Standaert A, VAN Poppel M, DE Boever P, Int Panis L. Black Carbon Reduces the Beneficial Effect of Physical Activity on Lung Function. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:1875-1881. [PMID: 29634643 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When physical activity is promoted in urban outdoor settings (e.g., walking and cycling), individuals are also exposed to air pollution. It has been reported that short-term lung function increases as a response to physical activity, but this beneficial effect is hampered when elevated air pollution concentrations are observed. Our study assessed the long-term impact of air pollution on the pulmonary health benefit of physical activity. METHODS Wearable sensors were used to monitor physical activity levels (SenseWear) and exposure to black carbon (microAeth) of 115 healthy adults during 1 wk in three European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, London). The experiment was repeated in three different seasons to approximate long-term behavior. Spirometry tests were performed at the beginning and end of each measurement week. All results were averaged on a participant level as a proxy for long-term lung function. Mixed effect regression models were used to analyze the long-term impact of physical activity, black carbon and their interaction on lung function parameters, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75, and peak expiratory flow. Interaction plots were used to interpret the significant interaction effects. RESULTS Negative interaction effects of physical activity and black carbon exposure on FEV1 (P = 0.07), FEV1/FVC (P = 0.03), and FEF25-75 (P = 0.03) were observed. For black carbon concentrations up to approximately 1 μg·m, an additional MET·h·wk resulted in a trend toward lung function increases (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 increased 5.6 mL, 0.1% and 14.5 mL·s, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We found that lung function improved with physical activity at low black carbon levels. This beneficial effect decreased in higher air pollution concentrations. Our results suggest a greater need to reduce air pollution exposures during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, BELGIUM.,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, BELGIUM
| | - Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, BELGIUM.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, BELGIUM
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, SPAIN.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SPAIN.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, SPAIN
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, SPAIN.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SPAIN.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, SPAIN
| | | | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, SPAIN.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SPAIN.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, SPAIN.,Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Audrey DE Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, SPAIN.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SPAIN.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, SPAIN
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, BELGIUM
| | | | - Patrick DE Boever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, BELGIUM.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, BELGIUM
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, BELGIUM.,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, BELGIUM
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12
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Gaupp-Berghausen M, Raser E, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, de Nazelle A, Dons E, Franzen H, Gerike R, Götschi T, Iacorossi F, Hössinger R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Rojas-Rueda D, Sanchez J, Smeds E, Deforth M, Standaert A, Stigell E, Cole-Hunter T, Int Panis L. Evaluation of Different Recruitment Methods: Longitudinal, Web-Based, Pan-European Physical Activity Through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) Project. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11492. [PMID: 31066715 PMCID: PMC6533046 DOI: 10.2196/11492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sufficient sample size and minimal sample bias are core requirements for empirical data analyses. Combining opportunistic recruitment with a Web-based survey and data-collection platform yields new benefits over traditional recruitment approaches. Objective This paper aims to report the success of different recruitment methods and obtain data on participants’ characteristics, participation behavior, recruitment rates, and representativeness of the sample. Methods A longitudinal, Web-based survey was implemented as part of the European PASTA (Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches) project, between November 2014 and December 2016. During this period, participants were recruited from 7 European cities on a rolling basis. A standardized guide on recruitment strategy was developed for all cities, to reach a sufficient number of adult participants. To make use of the strengths and minimize weakness, a combination of different opportunistic recruitment methods was applied. In addition, the random sampling approach was applied in the city of Örebro. To reduce the attrition rate and improve real-time monitoring, the Web-based platform featured a participant’s and a researchers’ user interface and dashboard. Results Overall, 10,691 participants were recruited; most people found out about the survey through their workplace or employer (2300/10691, 21.51%), outreach promotion (2219/10691, 20.76%), and social media (1859/10691, 17.39%). The average number of questionnaires filled in per participant varied significantly between the cities (P<.001), with the highest number in Zurich (11.0, SE 0.33) and the lowest in Örebro (4.8, SE 0.17). Collaboration with local organizations, the use of Facebook and mailing lists, and direct street recruitment were the most effective approaches in reaching a high share of participants (P<.001). Considering the invested working hours, Facebook was one of the most time-efficient methods. Compared with the cities’ census data, the composition of study participants was broadly representative in terms of gender distribution; however, the study included younger and better-educated participants. Conclusions We observed that offering a mixed recruitment approach was highly effective in achieving a high participation rate. The highest attrition rate and the lowest average number of questionnaires filled in per participant were observed in Örebro, which also recruited participants through random sampling. These findings suggest that people who are more interested in the topic are more willing to participate and stay in a survey than those who are selected randomly and may not have a strong connection to the research topic. Although direct face-to-face contacts were very effective with respect to the number of recruited participants, recruiting people through social media was not only effective but also very time efficient. The collected data are based on one of the largest recruited longitudinal samples with a common recruitment strategy in different European cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Raser
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evi Dons
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Regine Gerike
- Chair of Integrated Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Reinhard Hössinger
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Sanchez
- London Borough of Newham, London, United Kingdom.,The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emilia Smeds
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manja Deforth
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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13
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Dons E, Rojas-Rueda D, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, Brand C, Cole-Hunter T, de Nazelle A, Eriksson U, Gaupp-Berghausen M, Gerike R, Kahlmeier S, Laeremans M, Mueller N, Nawrot T, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Orjuela JP, Racioppi F, Raser E, Standaert A, Int Panis L, Götschi T. Transport mode choice and body mass index: Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from a European-wide study. Environ Int 2018; 119:109-116. [PMID: 29957352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the fight against rising overweight and obesity levels, and unhealthy urban environments, the renaissance of active mobility (cycling and walking as a transport mode) is encouraging. Transport mode has been shown to be associated to body mass index (BMI), yet there is limited longitudinal evidence demonstrating causality. We aimed to associate transport mode and BMI cross-sectionally, but also prospectively in the first ever European-wide longitudinal study on transport and health. METHODS Data were from the PASTA project that recruited adults in seven European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Oerebro, Rome, Vienna, Zurich) to complete a series of questionnaires on travel behavior, physical activity levels, and BMI. To assess the association between transport mode and BMI as well as change in BMI we performed crude and adjusted linear mixed-effects modeling for cross-sectional (n = 7380) and longitudinal (n = 2316) data, respectively. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, BMI was 0.027 kg/m2 (95%CI 0.015 to 0.040) higher per additional day of car use per month. Inversely, BMI was -0.010 kg/m2 (95%CI -0.020 to -0.0002) lower per additional day of cycling per month. Changes in BMI were smaller in the longitudinal within-person assessment, however still statistically significant. BMI decreased in occasional (less than once per week) and non-cyclists who increased cycling (-0.303 kg/m2, 95%CI -0.530 to -0.077), while frequent (at least once per week) cyclists who stopped cycling increased their BMI (0.417 kg/m2, 95%CI 0.033 to 0.802). CONCLUSIONS Our analyses showed that people lower their BMI when starting or increasing cycling, demonstrating the health benefits of active mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Dons
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- ISGlobal, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Brand
- Transport Studies Unit, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Trivector Traffic, Barnhusgatan 16, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Regine Gerike
- Dresden University of Technology, Chair of Integrated Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sonja Kahlmeier
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Seilergraben 49, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Natalie Mueller
- ISGlobal, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium; Environment & Health Unit, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | | | - Elisabeth Raser
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Seilergraben 49, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Laeremans M, Dons E, Avila-Palencia I, Carrasco-Turigas G, Orjuela JP, Anaya E, Cole-Hunter T, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Standaert A, Van Poppel M, De Boever P, Int Panis L. Short-term effects of physical activity, air pollution and their interaction on the cardiovascular and respiratory system. Environ Int 2018; 117:82-90. [PMID: 29729518 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) in urban environments may lead to increased inhalation of air pollutants. As PA and air pollution (AP) have respectively beneficial and detrimental effects on the cardiorespiratory system, the responses to these exposures can interact. Therefore, we assessed the short-term effects of PA, AP and their interaction on a set of subclinical cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes in a panel of healthy adults: heart rate variability (HRV), retinal vessel diameters, lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). One hundred twenty two participants measured their PA level and exposure to black carbon (BC), a marker of AP exposure, with wearable sensors during an unscripted week in three different seasons. The study was part of the PASTA project in three European cities (Antwerp: 41 participants, Barcelona: 41 participants, London: 40 participants). At the end of each measurement week, the health outcomes were evaluated. Responses to PA, BC and their interaction were assessed with mixed effect regression models. Separate models were used to account for a 2-h and 24-h time window. During the 2-h time window, HRV and lung function changed statistically significantly in response to PA (METhours) and logarithmic BC (%change). Changes in HRV marked an increased sympathetic tone with both PA (logarithmic LF/HF: +7%; p < 0.01) and BC (logarithmic HF: -19%; p < 0.05). In addition, PA provoked bronchodilation which was illustrated by a significant increase in lung function (FEV1: +15.63 mL; p < 0.05). While a BC %increase was associated with a significant lung function decrease (PEF: -0.10 mL; p < 0.05), the interaction indicated a potential protective effect of PA (p < 0.05). We did not observe a response of the retinal vessel diameters. Most subclinical outcomes did not change in the 24-h time window (except for a few minor changes in LF/HF, FeNO and PEF). Our results on the separate and combined effects of short-term PA and AP exposure on subclinical markers of the cardiorespiratory system are relevant for public health. We provide insights on the physiological responses of multiple, complementary markers. This may move further research towards elucidating potential pathways to disease and the long-term clinical impact of the observed physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2 AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Anaya
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2 AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2 AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Martine Van Poppel
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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15
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Int Panis L, Provost EB, Cox B, Louwies T, Laeremans M, Standaert A, Dons E, Holmstock L, Nawrot T, De Boever P. Short-term air pollution exposure decreases lung function: a repeated measures study in healthy adults. Environ Health 2017; 16:60. [PMID: 28615020 PMCID: PMC5471732 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily changes in ambient concentrations of particulate matter, nitrogen oxides and ozone are associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality, with the lungs and their function being a vulnerable target. METHODS To evaluate the association between daily changes in air pollution and lung function in healthy adults we obtained annual lung function measurements from a routine worker health surveillance program not designed for research purposes. Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and Peak Expiratory flow (PEF) from a cohort of 2449 employees were associated with daily measurements of PM10, NO2 and ozone at a nearby monitoring station in the North of Belgium. Repeated measures were available for the period 2011-2015. RESULTS The mean (SD) PM10 concentration on the day of the lung function test was 24.9 (15.5) μg/m3. A 10 μg PM10/m3 increase on the day of the clinical examination was associated with a 18.9 ml lower FVC (95% CI: -27.5 to -10.3, p < 0.0001), 12.8 ml lower FEV1 (-19.1 to -6.5; p < 0.0001), and a 51.4 ml/s lower PEF (-75.0 to -27.0; p < 0.0001). The FEV1/FVC-ratio showed no associations. An increase of 10 μgNO2/m3 was associated with a reduction in PEF (-66.1 ml/s (-106.6 to -25.6; p < 0.001)) on the day of the examination. CONCLUSIONS We found negative associations between daily variations in ambient air pollution and FVC, FEV1 and PEF in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eline B Provost
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bianca Cox
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tijs Louwies
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Luc Holmstock
- The Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK●CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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16
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Dons E, Laeremans M, Orjuela JP, Avila-Palencia I, Carrasco-Turigas G, Cole-Hunter T, Anaya-Boig E, Standaert A, De Boever P, Nawrot T, Götschi T, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Int Panis L. Wearable Sensors for Personal Monitoring and Estimation of Inhaled Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Evaluation of Methods. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:1859-1867. [PMID: 28080048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity and ventilation rates have an effect on an individual's dose and may be important to consider in exposure-response relationships; however, these factors are often ignored in environmental epidemiology studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate methods of estimating the inhaled dose of air pollution and understand variability in the absence of a true gold standard metric. Five types of methods were identified: (1) methods using (physical) activity types, (2) methods based on energy expenditure, METs (metabolic equivalents of task), and oxygen consumption, (3) methods based on heart rate or (4) breathing rate, and (5) methods that combine heart and breathing rate. Methods were compared using a real-life data set of 122 adults who wore devices to track movement, black carbon air pollution, and physiological health markers for 3 weeks in three European cities. Different methods for estimating minute ventilation performed well in relative terms with high correlations among different methods, but in absolute terms, ignoring increased ventilation during day-to-day activities could lead to an underestimation of the daily dose by a factor of 0.08-1.78. There is no single best method, and a multitude of methods are currently being used to approximate the dose. The choice of a suitable method for determining the dose in future studies will depend on both the size and the objectives of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University , Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Carrasco-Turigas
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich , Seilergraben 49, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal , Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) , Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University , Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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17
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Fierens T, Van Holderbeke M, Standaert A, Cornelis C, Brochot C, Ciffroy P, Johansson E, Bierkens J. Multimedia & PBPK modelling with MERLIN-Expo versus biomonitoring for assessing Pb exposure of pre-school children in a residential setting. Sci Total Environ 2016; 568:785-793. [PMID: 27102273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a case study - conducted within the European FP7 project "4FUN" - focusing on exposure of pre-school children to lead resulting from past emissions by non-ferrous smelters in Belgium (Northern Campine area). Exposure scenarios were constructed and simulated with the MERLIN-Expo tool to estimate external Pb exposure as well as the Pb body burden in children living in the vicinity of the former industrial sites as compared to children living in adjacent areas and a reference area. Simulations were run for several scenarios ranging from very simple to rather complex in order to study the effect of different simulation approaches (e.g., deterministic vs. probabilistic, individual vs. aggregated population exposure) and different exposure scenarios (e.g., with vs. without considering local food consumption or time activity patterns) on the model outcomes (predicted concentrations of Pb in environmental and human matrices). This paper discusses the two most complex scenarios, namely exposure at the aggregated population level and at the individual level for a random sub-sample of subjects, respectively. In the final and most realistic exposure scenario, simulating individual lead exposure, model predictions were shown to be higher than the biomonitoring data. Blood Pb levels in children, irrespective of the area they lived in, were overpredicted by MERLIN-Expo with a factor of about 2 on average. The model predictions for individual children overlap with the prediction interval calculated by MERLIN-Expo based on population averages, demonstrating the use of probabilistic approaches in risk assessment. While these results constitute a first verification of the model performance of MERLIN-Expo dealing with inorganic pollutants in a complex real-world exposure scenario and a demonstration of the robustness of the modelling tool, further validation and benchmarking efforts are required for a larger number of inorganic pollutants and different exposure settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Fierens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO-Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Mirja Van Holderbeke
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO-Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO-Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Christa Cornelis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO-Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Céline Brochot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Modèles pour l'Ecotoxicologie et la Toxicologie (METO), Parc ALATA BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Philippe Ciffroy
- Electricité de France (EDF) R&D, National Hydraulic and Environment Laboratory, 6 quai Watier, 78400 Chatou, France
| | - Erik Johansson
- Facilia AB Gustavslundsvägen 151C, 167 51 Bromma, Sweden
| | - Johan Bierkens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO-Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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Van Holderbeke M, Fierens T, Standaert A, Cornelis C, Brochot C, Ciffroy P, Johansson E, Bierkens J. Assessing multimedia/multipathway exposures to inorganic arsenic at population and individual level using MERLIN-Expo. Sci Total Environ 2016; 568:794-802. [PMID: 27113276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report on model simulations performed using the newly developed exposure tool, MERLIN-Expo, in order to assess inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure to adults resulting from past emissions by non-ferrous smelters in Belgium (Northern Campine area). Exposure scenarios were constructed to estimate external iAs exposure as well as the toxicologically relevant As (tAs, i.e., iAs, MMA and DMA) body burden in adults living in the vicinity of the former industrial sites as compared to adults living in adjacent areas and a reference area. Two scenarios are discussed: a first scenario studying exposure to iAs at the aggregated population level and a second scenario studying exposure at the individual level for a random sub-sample of subjects in each of the three different study areas. These two scenarios only differ in the type of human related input data (i.e., time-activity data, ingestion rates and consumption patterns) that were used, namely averages (incl. probability density functions, PDFs) in the simulation at population level and subject-specific values in the simulation at individual level. The model predictions are shown to be lower than the corresponding biomonitoring data from the monitoring campaign. Urinary tAs levels in adults, irrespective of the area they lived in, were under-predicted by MERLIN-Expo by 40% on average. The model predictions for individual adults, by contrast, under-predict the biomonitoring data by 7% on average, but with more important under-predictions for subjects at the upper end of exposure. Still, average predicted urinary tAs levels from the simulations at population level and at individual level overlap, and, at least for the current case, lead to similar conclusions. These results constitute a first and partial verification of the model performance of MERLIN-Expo when dealing with iAs in a complex site-specific exposure scenario, and demonstrate the robustness of the modelling tool for these situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Van Holderbeke
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO - Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Tine Fierens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO - Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO - Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Christa Cornelis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO - Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Céline Brochot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Modèles pour l'Ecotoxicologie et la Toxicologie (METO), Parc ALATA BP2, 60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Philippe Ciffroy
- Electricité de France (EDF) R&D, National Hydraulic and Environment Laboratory, 6 quai Watier, 78400 Chatou, France
| | - Erik Johansson
- Facilia AB, Gustavslundsvägen 151C, 167 51 Bromma, Sweden
| | - Johan Bierkens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Human and Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment, VITO - Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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Gerike R, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Panis LI, Anaya E, Avila-Palencia I, Boschetti F, Brand C, Cole-Hunter T, Dons E, Eriksson U, Gaupp-Berghausen M, Kahlmeier S, Laeremans M, Mueller N, Orjuela JP, Racioppi F, Raser E, Rojas-Rueda D, Schweizer C, Standaert A, Uhlmann T, Wegener S, Götschi T. Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA): a study protocol for a multicentre project. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009924. [PMID: 26743706 PMCID: PMC4716182 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only one-third of the European population meets the minimum recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Walking and cycling for transport (active mobility, AM) are well suited to provide regular PA. The European research project Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) pursues the following aims: (1) to investigate correlates and interrelations of AM, PA, air pollution and crash risk; (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of selected interventions to promote AM; (3) to improve health impact assessment (HIA) of AM; (4) to foster the exchange between the disciplines of public health and transport planning, and between research and practice. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PASTA pursues a mixed-method and multilevel approach that is consistently applied in seven case study cities. Determinants of AM and the evaluation of measures to increase AM are investigated through a large scale longitudinal survey, with overall 14,000 respondents participating in Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Örebro, Rome, Vienna and Zurich. Contextual factors are systematically gathered in each city. PASTA generates empirical findings to improve HIA for AM, for example, with estimates of crash risks, factors on AM-PA substitution and carbon emissions savings from mode shifts. Findings from PASTA will inform WHO's online Health Economic Assessment Tool on the health benefits from cycling and/or walking. The study's wide scope, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and health and transport methods, the innovative survey design, the general and city-specific analyses, and the transdisciplinary composition of the consortium and the wider network of partners promise highly relevant insights for research and practice. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained by the local ethics committees in the countries where the work is being conducted, and sent to the European Commission before the start of the survey. The PASTA website (http://www.pastaproject.eu) is at the core of all communication and dissemination activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Gerike
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Vienna, Austria
- Dresden University of Technology, Chair of Integrated Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering, Dresden, Germany
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Esther Anaya
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Christian Brand
- Transport Studies Unit, University of Oxford (UOXF), Oxford, UK
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Kahlmeier
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Natalie Mueller
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesca Racioppi
- World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Raser
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Schweizer
- World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tina Uhlmann
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Wegener
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Dons E, Götschi T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, de Nazelle A, Anaya E, Avila-Palencia I, Brand C, Cole-Hunter T, Gaupp-Berghausen M, Kahlmeier S, Laeremans M, Mueller N, Orjuela JP, Raser E, Rojas-Rueda D, Standaert A, Stigell E, Uhlmann T, Gerike R, Int Panis L. Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA): protocol for a multi-centre, longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1126. [PMID: 26577129 PMCID: PMC4650276 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases, yet many are not sufficiently active. The Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) study aims to better understand active mobility (walking and cycling for transport solely or in combination with public transport) as an innovative approach to integrate physical activity into individuals’ everyday lives. The PASTA study will collect data of multiple cities in a longitudinal cohort design to study correlates of active mobility, its effect on overall physical activity, crash risk and exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Methods/Design A set of online questionnaires incorporating gold standard approaches from the physical activity and transport fields have been developed, piloted and are now being deployed in a longitudinal study in seven European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Oerebro, Rome, Vienna, Zurich). In total, 14000 adults are being recruited (2000 in each city). A first questionnaire collects baseline information; follow-up questionnaires sent every 13 days collect prospective data on travel behaviour, levels of physical activity and traffic safety incidents. Self-reported data will be validated with objective data in subsamples using conventional and novel methods. Accelerometers, GPS and tracking apps record routes and activity. Air pollution and physical activity are measured to study their combined effects on health biomarkers. Exposure-adjusted crash risks will be calculated for active modes, and crash location audits are performed to study the role of the built environment. Ethics committees in all seven cities have given independent approval for the study. Discussion The PASTA study collects a wealth of subjective and objective data on active mobility and physical activity. This will allow the investigation of numerous correlates of active mobility and physical activity using a data set that advances previous efforts in its richness, geographical coverage and comprehensiveness. Results will inform new health impact assessment models and support efforts to promote and facilitate active mobility in cities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2453-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Dons
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium. .,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Seilergraben 49, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
| | - Esther Anaya
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christian Brand
- University of Oxford (UOXF) - Transport Studies Unit, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK.
| | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sonja Kahlmeier
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Seilergraben 49, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium. .,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Natalie Mueller
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Pablo Orjuela
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
| | - Elisabeth Raser
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
| | | | - Tina Uhlmann
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Regine Gerike
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute for Transport Studies, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Dresden University of Technology, Chair of Integrated Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium. .,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5/6, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Fierens T, Standaert A, Cornelis C, Sioen I, De Henauw S, Willems H, Bellemans M, De Maeyer M, Van Holderbeke M. A semi-probabilistic modelling approach for the estimation of dietary exposure to phthalates in the Belgian adult population. Environ Int 2014; 73:117-127. [PMID: 25113625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a semi-probabilistic modelling approach was applied for the estimation of the long-term human dietary exposure to phthalates--one of world's most used families of plasticisers. Four phthalate compounds were considered: diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Intake estimates were calculated for the Belgian adult population and several subgroups of this population for two considered scenarios using an extended version of the EN-forc model. The highest intake rates were found for DEHP, followed by DnBP, BBP and DEP. In the Belgian adult population, men and young adults generally had the highest dietary phthalate intake estimates. Nevertheless, predicted dietary intake rates for all four investigated phthalates were far below the corresponding tolerable daily intake (TDI) values (i.e. P99 intake values were 6.4% of the TDI at most), which is reassuring because adults are also exposed to phthalates via other contamination pathways (e.g. dust ingestion and inhalation). The food groups contributing most to the dietary exposure were grains and grain-based products for DEP, milk and dairy products for DnBP, meat and meat products or grains and grain-based products (depending on the scenario) for BBP and meat and meat products for DEHP. Comparison of the predicted intake results based on modelled phthalate concentrations in food products with intake estimates from other surveys (mostly based on measured concentrations) showed that the extended version of the EN-forc model is a suitable semi-probabilistic tool for the estimation and evaluation of the long-term dietary intake of phthalates in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fierens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - A Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - C Cornelis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - I Sioen
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S De Henauw
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; University College Ghent, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Care "Vesalius", Keramiekstraat 80, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - H Willems
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - M Bellemans
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M De Maeyer
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Van Holderbeke
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
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Fierens T, Cornelis C, Standaert A, Sioen I, De Henauw S, Van Holderbeke M. Modelling the environmental transfer of phthalates and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans into agricultural products: the EN-forc model. Environ Res 2014; 133:282-293. [PMID: 24981827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to predict the occurrence of four phthalates, two polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and two polychlorinated dibenzofurans in environmental and agricultural media from observed concentrations in air, sludge, manure and concentrate. For the environmental and agricultural fate modelling, the newly developed multimedia model "EN-forc" (ENvironmental Food transfer model for ORganic Contaminants) was used. To validate EN-forc calculations, the predicted concentrations of the considered chemicals in soil, groundwater, drinking water, plants and animal products were compared with both observed and modelled concentrations available in the literature. For the majority of the considered matrices, predicted phthalate and dioxin levels differed one order of magnitude at most with observed concentrations. Unfortunately, the transfer models implemented in EN-forc lacked power to predict levels of some phthalates and dioxins in pasture, root crops and/or tubers. Concentrations of phthalates and dioxins in offal could not be predicted due to the absence of suitable models that have an acceptable level of complexity to implement in EN-forc. For this type of food products, further research is highly encouraged. In a next step, the modelling framework of EN-forc will be extended in order to be able to predict human dietary exposure to organic chemicals like phthalates and dioxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fierens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - C Cornelis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - A Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - I Sioen
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S De Henauw
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; University College Ghent, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Care "Vesalius", Keramiekstraat 80, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Van Holderbeke
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
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Elen B, Peters J, Poppel MV, Bleux N, Theunis J, Reggente M, Standaert A. The Aeroflex: a bicycle for mobile air quality measurements. Sensors (Basel) 2012; 13:221-40. [PMID: 23262484 PMCID: PMC3574675 DOI: 10.3390/s130100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fixed air quality stations have limitations when used to assess people's real life exposure to air pollutants. Their spatial coverage is too limited to capture the spatial variability in, e.g., an urban or industrial environment. Complementary mobile air quality measurements can be used as an additional tool to fill this void. In this publication we present the Aeroflex, a bicycle for mobile air quality monitoring. The Aeroflex is equipped with compact air quality measurement devices to monitor ultrafine particle number counts, particulate mass and black carbon concentrations at a high resolution (up to 1 second). Each measurement is automatically linked to its geographical location and time of acquisition using GPS and Internet time. Furthermore, the Aeroflex is equipped with automated data transmission, data pre-processing and data visualization. The Aeroflex is designed with adaptability, reliability and user friendliness in mind. Over the past years, the Aeroflex has been successfully used for high resolution air quality mapping, exposure assessment and hot spot identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Elen
- VITO-Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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