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Cheng Y, Xiang N, Chen H, Zhao Y, Wang L, Cheng X, Guo X. The modulation of light quality on carotenoid and tocochromanol biosynthesis in mung bean ( Vigna radiata) sprouts. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2023; 6:100170. [PMID: 36950347 PMCID: PMC10025981 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the regulatory mechanisms of white, blue, red lights on carotenoid and tocochromanol biosynthesis in mung bean sprouts. Results showed that three lights stimulated the increase of the predominated lutein (3.2-8.1 folds) and violaxanthin (2.1-6.1 folds) in sprouts as compared with dark control, as well as β-carotene (20-36 folds), with the best yield observed under white light. Light signals also promoted α- and γ-tocopherol accumulation (up to 1.8 folds) as compared with dark control. The CRTISO, LUT5 and DXS (1.24-6.34 folds) exhibited high expression levels under light quality conditions, resulting in an overaccumulation of carotenoids. The MPBQ-MT, TC and TMT were decisive genes in tocochromanol biosynthesis, and were expressed up to 4.19 folds as compared with control. Overall, the results could provide novel insights into light-mediated regulation and fortification of carotenoids and tocopherols, as well as guide future agricultural cultivation of mung bean sprouts.
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Key Words
- BL, blue light
- Biofortification
- Biosynthesis
- CK, dark control
- Carotenoids
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- LEDs, light-emitting diodes
- LHCII, light-harvesting complex of PSII
- LQ, light quality
- Light quality
- MEP, methylerythritol phosphate
- Mung bean
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- PS, photosynthesis
- PSII, photosystem II
- PSs, photosystems
- RL, red light
- Tocopherols
- VAD, vitamin A deficiency
- WL, white light
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuzhen Cheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Li J, Xiang N, Chen J, Shu Z, Chen L, Guo X. Vitamin E and carotenoid accumulation during kernel development in two varieties of
Castanea henryi. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Xingxi Agro‐tech Extrension and Service Station Zhenghe 353600 China
| | - Zhicheng Shu
- Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd. Hangzhou 310009 China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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Li J, Lu Y, Chen H, Wang L, Wang S, Guo X, Cheng X. Effect of photoperiod on vitamin E and carotenoid biosynthesis in mung bean (Vigna radiata) sprouts. Food Chem 2021; 358:129915. [PMID: 33933965 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Light affects the accumulation of vitamin E and carotenoids in many crops. This study investigated the impact of photoperiods on the metabolic regulation of vitamin E and carotenoids in mung bean sprouts considering their dietary health benefits. Mung beans were germinated under three different photoperiods: constant light, semilight and constant dark. Results revealed that the semilight photoperiod was optimum for vitamin E and carotenoid accumulation in mung bean sprouts. DXS was activated in the constant dark and was inhibited by constant light. GGPPS and HPT were sensitive to semilight photoperiod in the vitamin E biosynthetic pathway, playing dominant roles in vitamin E accumulation. The PSY, LCYE, LUT5, LUT1 and ZE genes, which are associated with carotenoid biosynthesis, were activated under semilight treatment and significantly regulated the accumulation of carotenoids. This knowledge improves knowledge on light-mediated regulation of vitamin E and carotenoids in mung bean sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanyan Lu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xuzhen Cheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Hu X, Liu J, Li W, Wen T, Li T, Guo X, Liu RH. Biosynthesis and accumulation of multi-vitamins in black sweet corn (Zea mays L.) during kernel development. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5230-5238. [PMID: 32519367 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black sweet corn as an edible fruit has various nutritional qualities. This study discusses changes in the vitamin C and E, folate, and carotenoid content during black sweet corn maturation, and also the effects of preharvest weather conditions and of related genes in multi-vitamin biosynthesis pathways. RESULTS Most vitamin levels improved, especially vitamin C and carotenoid levels, while the folate content dropped rapidly. Transcript levels of most genes in folate biosynthesis showed trends that were similar to the content changes. VTC2 and GLDH, which are regulated by light, had high expression levels leading to an increase in ascorbate content during maturation. γ-Tocotrienol is the main vitamin E component, and HGGT, the key gene controlling the synthesis of tocotrienols, had a much higher expression level than other genes. Lutein and zeaxanthin were the dominant carotenoid components. A rapid reduction in the transcription level of LCYε could result in a lower lutein production rate . CONCLUSION Black sweet corn has a high nutritional value and is rich in vitamins, including zeaxanthin, γ-tocotrienols, and ascorbic acid. The best harvest time is between 20-25 days after pollination (DAPs) when kernels had a good taste as well as relatively high vitamin levels. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch and Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Li
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch and Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Ma J, Qiu D, Gao H, Wen H, Wu Y, Pang Y, Wang X, Qin Y. Over-expression of a γ-tocopherol methyltransferase gene in vitamin E pathway confers PEG-simulated drought tolerance in alfalfa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:226. [PMID: 32429844 PMCID: PMC7238615 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Tocopherol is one of the most important vitamin E components present in plant. α-Tocopherol is a potent antioxidant, which can deactivate photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent lipids from oxidation when plants suffer drought stress. γ-Tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) catalyzes the formation of α-tocopherol in the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. Our previous studies showed that over-expression of γ-TMT gene can increase the accumulation of α-tocopherol in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). However, whether these transgenic plants confer increased drought tolerance and the underlying mechanism are still unknown. RESULTS In the present study, we further evaluate transgenic alfalfa lines, and found that over-expression of MsTMT led to an increase in α-tocopherol and total tocopherol level in the transgenic lines compared with the control plant. It was revealed that drought tolerance of the transgenic alfalfa was remarkably increased, with alleviated oxidative damage and accumulation of more osmolytic substances. The stomatal development in transgenic plants was significantly inhibited on both sides of leaves, which may be resulted from the repression of MsSPCHLESS (MsSPCH) gene. The reduced stomatal density of transgenic plants contributes to a lower stomatal conductance and higher water use efficiency (WUE). Moreover, both RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses indicate that regulatory mechanism of MsTMT in drought involved in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that MsTMT gene plays a positive role in regulating alfalfa response to PEG-simulated drought stress, which might involve complex mechanisms, including ROS scavenging system, stomatal development and multiple phytohormone signaling pathways. This study will broaden our view on the function of γ-TMT gene and provide new strategy for genetic engineering in alfalfa breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Ma
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Deyun Qiu
- Division of biomedical science and biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Hongwen Gao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hongyu Wen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yudi Wu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yongzhen Pang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
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Ali E, Hassan Z, Irfan M, Hussain S, Rehman HU, Shah JM, Shahzad AN, Ali M, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM, Bukhari SAH, Ali S. Indigenous Tocopherol Improves Tolerance of Oilseed Rape to Cadmium Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:547133. [PMID: 33193479 PMCID: PMC7644955 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.547133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two oilseed rape genotypes (Jiu-Er-13XI and Zheyou-50), differing in seed oil content, were subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress in hydroponic experiment. Genotypic differences were observed in terms of tolerance to Cd exposure. Cd treatment negatively affected both genotypes, but the effects were more devastating in Jiu-Er-13XI (low seed oil content) than in Zheyou-50 (high seed oil content). Jiu-Er-13XI accumulated more reactive oxygen species (ROS), which destroyed chloroplast structure and decreased photosynthetic pigments, than Zheyou-50. Total fatty acids, especially 18:2 and 18:3, severely decreased as suggested by increase in MDA content. Roots and shoots of Jiu-Er-13XI plants accumulated more Cd content, while less amount of tocopherol (Toc) was observed under Cd stress, than Zheyou-50. Conversely, Zheyou-50 was less affected by Cd stress than its counterpart. It accumulated comparatively less amount of Cd in roots and shoots, along with reduced accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS under Cd stress, than Jiu-Er-13XI. Further, the level of Toc, especially α-Tocopherol, was much higher in Zheyou-50 than in Jiu-Er-13XI, which was also supported by high expression of Toc biosynthesis genes in Zheyou-50 during early hours. Toc not only restricted the absorption of Cd by roots and its translocation to shoot but also scavenged the ROS generated during oxidative stresses. The low level of MDA shows that polyunsaturated fatty acids in chloroplast membranes remained intact. In the present study the tolerance of Zheyou-50 to Cd stress, over Jiu-Er-13XI, is attributed to the activities of Toc. This study shows that plants with high seed oil content are tolerant to Cd stress due to high production of Toc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Ali
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeshan Hassan
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shabir Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb-ur- Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Murtaza Ali
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari,
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Shafaqat Ali,
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Night Light-Adaptation Strategies for Photosynthetic Apparatus in Yellow-Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) Exposed to Artificial Night Lighting. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Jiang L, Wang W, Lian T, Zhang C. Manipulation of Metabolic Pathways to Develop Vitamin-Enriched Crops for Human Health. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:937. [PMID: 28634484 PMCID: PMC5460589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin deficiencies are major forms of micronutrient deficiencies, and are associated with huge economic losses as well as severe physical and intellectual damages to humans. Much evidence has demonstrated that biofortification plays an important role in combating vitamin deficiencies due to its economical and effective delivery of nutrients to populations in need. Biofortification enables food plants to be enriched with vitamins through conventional breeding and/or biotechnology. Here, we focus on the progress in the manipulation of the vitamin metabolism, an essential part of biofortification, by the genetic modification or by the marker-assisted selection to understand mechanisms underlying metabolic improvement in food plants. We also propose to integrate new breeding technologies with metabolic pathway modification to facilitate biofortification in food plants and, thereby, to benefit human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Jiang, Chunyi Zhang,
| | - Weixuan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijing, China
| | - Tong Lian
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Jiang, Chunyi Zhang,
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Liu M, Lu S. Plastoquinone and Ubiquinone in Plants: Biosynthesis, Physiological Function and Metabolic Engineering. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1898. [PMID: 28018418 PMCID: PMC5159609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plastoquinone (PQ) and ubiquinone (UQ) are two important prenylquinones, functioning as electron transporters in the electron transport chain of oxygenic photosynthesis and the aerobic respiratory chain, respectively, and play indispensable roles in plant growth and development through participating in the biosynthesis and metabolism of important chemical compounds, acting as antioxidants, being involved in plant response to stress, and regulating gene expression and cell signal transduction. UQ, particularly UQ10, has also been widely used in people's life. It is effective in treating cardiovascular diseases, chronic gingivitis and periodontitis, and shows favorable impact on cancer treatment and human reproductive health. PQ and UQ are made up of an active benzoquinone ring attached to a polyisoprenoid side chain. Biosynthesis of PQ and UQ is very complicated with more than thirty five enzymes involved. Their synthetic pathways can be generally divided into two stages. The first stage leads to the biosynthesis of precursors of benzene quinone ring and prenyl side chain. The benzene quinone ring for UQ is synthesized from tyrosine or phenylalanine, whereas the ring for PQ is derived from tyrosine. The prenyl side chains of PQ and UQ are derived from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate through the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway and/or acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA through the mevalonate pathway. The second stage includes the condensation of ring and side chain and subsequent modification. Homogentisate solanesyltransferase, 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl diphosphate transferase and a series of benzene quinone ring modification enzymes are involved in this stage. PQ exists in plants, while UQ widely presents in plants, animals and microbes. Many enzymes and their encoding genes involved in PQ and UQ biosynthesis have been intensively studied recently. Metabolic engineering of UQ10 in plants, such as rice and tobacco, has also been tested. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent research progresses in the biosynthetic pathways of PQ and UQ and enzymes and their encoding genes involved in side chain elongation and in the second stage of PQ and UQ biosynthesis. Physiological functions of PQ and UQ played in plants as well as the practical application and metabolic engineering of PQ and UQ are also included.
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