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Wang L, He L, Yi W, Wang M, Xu F, Liu H, Nie J, Pan YH, Dang S, Zhang W. ADAMTS18-fibronectin interaction regulates the morphology of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. iScience 2024; 27:110273. [PMID: 39040056 PMCID: PMC11261151 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) have a unique morphological structure known as "fenestra" that plays a crucial role in liver substance exchange and homeostasis maintenance. In this study, we demonstrate that ADAMTS18 protease is primarily secreted by fetal liver endothelial cells. ADAMTS18 deficiency leads to enlarged fenestrae and increased porosity of LSECs, microthrombus formation in liver vessels, and an imbalance of liver oxidative stress. These defects worsen carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/high-fat-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in adult Adamts18-deficient mice. Mechanically, ADAMTS18 functions as a modifier of fibronectin (FN) to regulate the morphological acquisition of LSECs via the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) signaling pathways. Collectively, a mechanism is proposed for LSEC morphogenesis and liver homeostasis maintenance via ADAMTS18-FN-VEGFA niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li He
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Yi
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangmin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Hsuan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suying Dang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Yap KK, Schröder J, Gerrand YW, Dobric A, Kong AM, Fox AM, Knowles B, Banting SW, Elefanty AG, Stanley EG, Yeoh GC, Lockwood GP, Cogger VC, Morrison WA, Polo JM, Mitchell GM. Liver specification of human iPSC-derived endothelial cells transplanted into mouse liver. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:101023. [PMID: 38681862 PMCID: PMC11046210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are important in liver development, regeneration, and pathophysiology, but the differentiation process underlying their tissue-specific phenotype is poorly understood and difficult to study because primary human cells are scarce. The aim of this study was to use human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived LSEC-like cells to investigate the differentiation process of LSECs. Methods hiPSC-derived endothelial cells (iECs) were transplanted into the livers of Fah-/-/Rag2-/-/Il2rg-/- mice and assessed over a 12-week period. Lineage tracing, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, plasma human factor VIII measurement, and bulk and single cell transcriptomic analysis were used to assess the molecular and functional changes that occurred following transplantation. Results Progressive and long-term repopulation of the liver vasculature occurred as iECs expanded along the sinusoids between hepatocytes and increasingly produced human factor VIII, indicating differentiation into LSEC-like cells. To chart the developmental profile associated with LSEC specification, the bulk transcriptomes of transplanted cells between 1 and 12 weeks after transplantation were compared against primary human adult LSECs. This demonstrated a chronological increase in LSEC markers, LSEC differentiation pathways, and zonation. Bulk transcriptome analysis suggested that the transcription factors NOTCH1, GATA4, and FOS have a central role in LSEC specification, interacting with a network of 27 transcription factors. Novel markers associated with this process included EMCN and CLEC14A. Additionally, single cell transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that transplanted iECs at 4 weeks contained zonal subpopulations with a region-specific phenotype. Conclusions Collectively, this study confirms that hiPSCs can adopt LSEC-like features and provides insight into LSEC specification. This humanised xenograft system can be applied to further interrogate LSEC developmental biology and pathophysiology, bypassing current logistical obstacles associated with primary human LSECs. Impact and implications Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are important cells for liver biology, but better model systems are required to study them. We present a pluripotent stem cell xenografting model that produces human LSEC-like cells. A detailed and longitudinal transcriptomic analysis of the development of LSEC-like cells is included, which will guide future studies to interrogate LSEC biology and produce LSEC-like cells that could be used for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiryu K. Yap
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan Schröder
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Doherty Institute & University of Melbourne Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yi-Wen Gerrand
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Aleksandar Dobric
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne M. Kong
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian M. Fox
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Brett Knowles
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon W. Banting
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Elefanty
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Eduoard G. Stanley
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - George C. Yeoh
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Glen P. Lockwood
- ANZAC Research Institute and University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria C. Cogger
- ANZAC Research Institute and University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Wayne A. Morrison
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Jose M. Polo
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Adelaide Centre for Epigenetics, South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Geraldine M. Mitchell
- O’Brien Department of St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
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Martínez-López S, Ángel-Gomis E, Gómez-Hurtado I, Fernández-Iglesias A, Morante J, Gracia-Sancho J, Boix P, Cubero FJ, Zapater P, Caparrós E, Francés R. Cirrhosis-downregulated LSECtin can be retrieved by cytokines, shifts the TLR-induced LSECs secretome and correlates with the hepatic Th response. Liver Int 2024; 44:996-1010. [PMID: 38293766 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We evaluated tolerogenic C-type lectin LSECtin loss in cirrhosis and its potential regulation by cytokines. METHODS Liver tissue from patients with cirrhosis and healthy controls, immortalised and generated LSECtin-CRISPR immortalised LSECs, and murine primary LSECs from the CCl4 model were handled. RESULTS LSECtin expression was reduced in liver tissue from cirrhotic patients, and it decreased from compensated to decompensated disease. Increased phosphorylation of MAPK, Akt and NFkB was observed upon LSECtin stimulation in LSEC murine cell line, showing a pattern of inflammatory and chemotactic cytokines either restrained (IL-10, CCL4) or unrestrained (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2). CD44 attenuated whereas LAG-3 increased all substrates phosphorylation in combination with TLR4 and TLR2 ligands except for NFkB. TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6 and CCL2 were restrained by LSECtin crosslinking on TLRs studied. Conversely, IL-10 and CCL4 were upregulated, suggesting a LSECtin-TLRs synergistic effect. Also, LSECtin was significantly induced after IL-13 stimulation or combined with anti-inflammatory cytokines in cirrhotic and immortalised LSECs. Th17 and regulatory T cells were progressively increased in the hepatic tissue from compensated to decompensated patients. A significant inverse correlation was present between gene expression levels of CLEC4G/LSECtin and RORγT and FOXP3 in liver tissues. CONCLUSION LSECtin restrains TLR proinflammatory secretome induced on LSECs by interfering immune response control, survival and MAPKs signalling pathways. The cytokine-dependent induction of LSECtin and the association between LSECtin loss and Th17 cell subset expansion in the liver, provides a solid background for exploring LSECtin retrieval as a mechanism to reprogram LSEC homeostatic function hampered during cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martínez-López
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique Ángel-Gomis
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Isabel Gómez-Hurtado
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Fernández-Iglesias
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Morante
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Boix
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cubero
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Zapater
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Esther Caparrós
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
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Li F, Zhao Y, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Yue Y, Cheng X, Sun J, Atabakhshi-Kashi M, Yao J, Dou J, Yu J, Zhang X, Qi Y, Li X, Qi X, Nie G. Restoration of Sinusoid Fenestrae Followed by Targeted Nanoassembly Delivery of an Anti-Fibrotic Agent Improves Treatment Efficacy in Liver Fibrosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212206. [PMID: 36862807 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
During the onset of liver fibrosis, capillarized liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) limit substance exchange between the blood and the Disse space, further accelerating hepatic stellate cell (HSCs) activation and fibrosis progression. Limited accessibility of therapeutics to the Disse space is often overlooked and remains a major bottleneck for HSCs-targeted therapy in liver fibrosis. Here, an integrated systemic strategy for liver fibrosis treatment is reported, utilizing pretreatment with the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, riociguat, followed by insulin growth factor 2 receptor-mediated targeted delivery of the anti-fibrosis agent, JQ1, via peptide-nanoparticles (IGNP-JQ1). The riociguat reversed the liver sinusoid capillarization to maintain a relatively normal LSECs porosity, thus facilitating the transport of IGNP-JQ1 through the liver sinusoid endothelium wall and enhancing the accumulation of IGNP-JQ1 in the Disse space. IGNP-JQ1 is then selectively taken up by activated HSCs, inhibiting their proliferation and decreasing collagen deposition in the liver. The combined strategy results in significant fibrosis resolution in carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrotic mice as well as methionine-choline-deficient-diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice. The work highlights the key role of LSECs in therapeutics transport through the liver sinusoid. The strategy of restoring LSECs fenestrae by riociguat represents a promising approach for liver fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Henan, 450003, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Cheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yale Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Henan, 450003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Cheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Sun
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mona Atabakhshi-Kashi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jundong Yao
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, 301 Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Dou
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, 301 Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, 301 Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, 301 Hospital, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 301 Hospital, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, 301 Hospital, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Center of Portal Hypertension, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Henan, 450003, P. R. China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangzhou, 510530, P. R. China
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Toprakhisar B, Verfaillie CM, Kumar M. Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications. Cells 2023; 12:301. [PMID: 36672236 PMCID: PMC9856398 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is currently the only curative therapy for patients with acute or chronic liver failure. However, a dramatic gap between the number of available liver grafts and the number of patients on the transplantation waiting list emphasizes the need for valid liver substitutes. Whole-organ engineering is an emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It aims to generate transplantable and functional organs to support patients on transplantation waiting lists until a graft becomes available. It comprises two base technologies developed in the last decade; (1) organ decellularization to generate a three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix scaffold of an organ, and (2) scaffold recellularization to repopulate both the parenchymal and vascular compartments of a decellularized organ. In this review article, recent advancements in both technologies, in relation to liver whole-organ engineering, are presented. We address the potential sources of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells for repopulation studies, and the role of stem-cell-derived liver progeny is discussed. In addition, different cell seeding strategies, possible graft modifications, and methods used to evaluate the functionality of recellularized liver grafts are outlined. Based on the knowledge gathered from recent transplantation studies, future directions are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Toprakhisar
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Wakabayashi T, Naito H. Cellular heterogeneity and stem cells of vascular endothelial cells in blood vessel formation and homeostasis: Insights from single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1146399. [PMID: 37025170 PMCID: PMC10070846 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1146399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) that constitute the inner surface of blood vessels are essential for new vessel formation and organ homeostasis. ECs display remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity across different organs and the vascular tree during angiogenesis and homeostasis. Recent advances in single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have allowed a new understanding of EC heterogeneity in both mice and humans. In particular, scRNA-seq has identified new molecular signatures for arterial, venous and capillary ECs in different organs, as well as previously unrecognized specialized EC subtypes, such as the aerocytes localized in the alveolar capillaries of the lung. scRNA-seq has also revealed the gene expression profiles of specialized tissue-resident EC subtypes that are capable of clonal expansion and contribute to adult angiogenesis, a process of new vessel formation from the pre-existing vasculature. These specialized tissue-resident ECs have been identified in various different mouse tissues, including aortic endothelium, liver, heart, lung, skin, skeletal muscle, retina, choroid, and brain. Transcription factors and signaling pathways have also been identified in the specialized tissue-resident ECs that control angiogenesis. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has also documented responses of ECs in diseases such as cancer, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. These new findings revealed by scRNA-seq have the potential to provide new therapeutic targets for different diseases associated with blood vessels. In this article, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the vascular endothelial cell heterogeneity and endothelial stem cells associated with angiogenesis and homeostasis in mice and humans, and we discuss future prospects for the application of scRNA-seq technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Wakabayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Taku Wakabayashi, ; Hisamichi Naito,
| | - Hisamichi Naito
- Department of Vascular Physiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Taku Wakabayashi, ; Hisamichi Naito,
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Elvevold K, Kyrrestad I, Smedsrød B. Protocol for Isolation and Culture of Mouse Hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer Cells (KCs), and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (LSECs) in Analyses of Hepatic Drug Distribution. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2434:385-402. [PMID: 35213033 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Development of the new generation of drugs (e.g., oligo- and polynucleotides administered intravascularly either as free compounds or as nano-formulations) frequently encounters major challenges such as lack of control of targeting and/or delivery. Uncontrolled or unwanted clearance by the liver is a well-known and particularly important hurdle in this respect. Hence, reliable techniques are needed to identify the type(s) of liver cells, receptors, and metabolic mechanisms that are responsible for unwanted clearance of these compounds.We describe here a method for the isolation and culture of the major cell types from mouse liver: hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). The presently described protocol employs perfusion of the liver with a collagenase-based enzyme preparation to effectively transform the intact liver to a single cell suspension. From this initial cell suspension HCs are isolated by specified centrifugation schemes, yielding highly pure HC preparations, and KCs and LSECs are isolated by employing magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The MACS protocol makes use of magnetic microbeads conjugated with specific antibodies that bind unique surface antigens on either KCs or LSECs. In this way the two cell types are specifically and separately pulled out of the initial liver cell suspension by applying a magnetic field, resulting in high purity, yield, and viability of the two cell types, allowing functional studies of the cells.If the drug compound in question is to be studied with respect to liver cell distribution of intravascularly administered drug compounds the isolated cells can be analyzed directly after isolation. Detailed studies of receptor-ligand interactions and/or dynamics of intracellular metabolism of the compound can be conducted in primary surface cultures of HCs, LSECs, and KCs established by seeding the isolated cells on specified growth substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingelin Kyrrestad
- Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bård Smedsrød
- Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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Fisher AL, Babitt JL. Coordination of iron homeostasis by bone morphogenetic proteins: Current understanding and unanswered questions. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:26-46. [PMID: 33993583 PMCID: PMC8594283 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron homeostasis is tightly regulated to balance the iron requirement for erythropoiesis and other vital cellular functions, while preventing cellular injury from iron excess. The liver hormone hepcidin is the master regulator of systemic iron balance by controlling the degradation and function of the sole known mammalian iron exporter ferroportin. Liver hepcidin expression is coordinately regulated by several signals that indicate the need for more or less iron, including plasma and tissue iron levels, inflammation, and erythropoietic drive. Most of these signals regulate hepcidin expression by modulating the activity of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD pathway, which controls hepcidin transcription. Genetic disorders of iron overload and iron deficiency have identified several hepatocyte membrane proteins that play a critical role in mediating the BMP-SMAD and hepcidin regulatory response to iron. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which serum and tissue iron levels are sensed to regulate BMP ligand production and promote the physical and/or functional interaction of these proteins to modulate SMAD signaling and hepcidin expression remain uncertain. This critical commentary will focus on the current understanding and key unanswered questions regarding how the liver senses iron levels to regulate BMP-SMAD signaling and thereby hepcidin expression to control systemic iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jodie L Babitt
- Corresponding author: Jodie L Babitt, Division of Nephrology, Program in Membrane Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Mailing address: 185 Cambridge St., CPZN-8208, Boston, MA 02114. Telephone: +1 (617) 643-3181.
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Qiu W, Kang N, Wu Y, Cai Y, Xiao L, Ge H, Zhu H. Mucosal Associated Invariant T Cells Were Activated and Polarized Toward Th17 in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:640455. [PMID: 33868270 PMCID: PMC8044354 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway limitation accompanied with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells can recognize bacteria and play an important role in controlling host immune responses by producing cytokines. In this study, we characterized the function and the ability of MAIT cells to secrete cytokines measured by flow cytometry. In COPD patients, MAIT cells have the ability to produce more IL-17 and less IFN-γ compared to healthy individuals. We found that HLA-DR expression levels reflected the degree of inflammation and the proportion of IL-17 was significantly correlated with lung function in peripheral blood. In addition, we found that MAIT cells were highly expressed in the lung, and the increased expression of CXCR2, CXCL1 indicated that MAIT cells had the potential to migrate to inflammatory tissues. This evidence implies that MAIT cells may play a potential role in COPD immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxu Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Payen VL, Lavergne A, Alevra Sarika N, Colonval M, Karim L, Deckers M, Najimi M, Coppieters W, Charloteaux B, Sokal EM, El Taghdouini A. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human liver reveals hepatic stellate cell heterogeneity. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100278. [PMID: 34027339 PMCID: PMC8121977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims The multiple vital functions of the human liver are performed by highly specialised parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells organised in complex collaborative sinusoidal units. Although crucial for homeostasis, the cellular make-up of the human liver remains to be fully elucidated. Here, single-cell RNA-sequencing was used to unravel the heterogeneity of human liver cells, in particular of hepatocytes (HEPs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Method The transcriptome of ~25,000 freshly isolated human liver cells was profiled using droplet-based RNA-sequencing. Recently published data sets and RNA in situ hybridisation were integrated to validate and locate newly identified cell populations. Results In total, 22 cell populations were annotated that reflected the heterogeneity of human parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells. More than 20,000 HEPs were ordered along the portocentral axis to confirm known, and reveal previously undescribed, zonated liver functions. The existence of 2 subpopulations of human HSCs with unique gene expression signatures and distinct intralobular localisation was revealed (i.e. portal and central vein-concentrated GPC3+ HSCs and perisinusoidally located DBH+ HSCs). In particular, these data suggest that, although both subpopulations collaborate in the production and organisation of extracellular matrix, GPC3+ HSCs specifically express genes involved in the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans, whereas DBH+ HSCs display a gene signature that is reminiscent of antigen-presenting cells. Conclusions This study highlights metabolic zonation as a key determinant of HEP transcriptomic heterogeneity and, for the first time, outlines the existence of heterogeneous HSC subpopulations in the human liver. These findings call for further research on the functional implications of liver cell heterogeneity in health and disease. Lay summary This study resolves the cellular landscape of the human liver in an unbiased manner and at high resolution to provide new insights into human liver cell biology. The results highlight the physiological heterogeneity of human hepatic stellate cells. A cell atlas from the near-native transcriptome of >25,000 human liver cells is presented. Hepatocytes were ordered along the portocentral axis to reveal previously undescribed gene expression patterns and zonated liver functions. Two subpopulations of human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are reported, characterised by different spatial distribution in the native tissue. Characteristic gene signatures of HSC subpopulations are suggestive of far-reaching functional differences.
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Key Words
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CC, cholangiocyte
- CV, central vein
- DEG, differentially expressed gene
- EC, endothelial cell
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- FFPE, formaldehyde-fixed paraffin embedded
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GO, gene ontology
- HEP, hepatocyte
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- Hepatocyte
- ISH, in situ hybridisation
- KLR, killer lectin-like receptor
- LP, lymphoid cell
- Liver cell atlas
- MP, macrophage
- MZ, midzonal
- PC, pericentral
- PP, periportal
- PV, portal vein
- TBS, Tris buffered saline
- TSA, tyramide signal amplification
- UMAP, uniform manifold approximation and projection
- UMI, unique molecular identifier
- VIM, vimentin
- Zonation
- scRNA-seq, single-cell RNA-sequencing
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéry L. Payen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials (ADDB), LDRI Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lavergne
- Genomics Platform, GIGA Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Niki Alevra Sarika
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials (ADDB), LDRI Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Megan Colonval
- Genomics Platform, GIGA Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Latifa Karim
- Genomics Platform, GIGA Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Manon Deckers
- Genomics Platform, GIGA Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wouter Coppieters
- Genomics Platform, GIGA Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Etienne M. Sokal
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Corresponding authors. Address: Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52 Box B1.52.03, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Adil El Taghdouini
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Corresponding authors. Address: Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy (PEDI), IREC Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52 Box B1.52.03, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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11
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Mori Y, Kawakami Y, Kanzaki K, Otsuki A, Kimura Y, Kanji H, Tanaka R, Tsukayama I, Hojo N, Suzuki-Yamamoto T, Kawakami T, Takahashi Y. Arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase of platelet-type in hepatic stellate cells of methionine and choline-deficient diet-fed mice. J Biochem 2021; 168:455-463. [PMID: 32492133 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A role of 12-lipoxygenase in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is suggested, although the underlying mechanism is not entirely understood. The catalytic activity of 12S-lipoxygenase that was hardly observed in liver cytosol of normal chow-fed mice was clearly detectable in that of NASH model mice prepared by feeding a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. The product profile, substrate specificity and immunogenicity indicated that the enzyme was the platelet-type isoform. The expression levels of mRNA and protein of platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase in the liver of MCD diet-fed mice were significantly increased compared with those of normal chow-fed mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase colocalized with α-smooth muscle actin as well as vitamin A in the cells distributing along liver sinusoids. These results indicate that the expression level of platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase in hepatic stellate cells was increased during the cell activation in MCD diet-fed mice, suggesting a possible role of the enzyme in pathophysiology of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Mori
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Keita Kanzaki
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Akemi Otsuki
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yuka Kimura
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Hibiki Kanji
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Ryoma Tanaka
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Izumi Tsukayama
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Nana Hojo
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Toshiko Suzuki-Yamamoto
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Takayo Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
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12
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Cacicedo ML, Medina-Montano C, Kaps L, Kappel C, Gehring S, Bros M. Role of Liver-Mediated Tolerance in Nanoparticle-Based Tumor Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:E1985. [PMID: 32872352 PMCID: PMC7563539 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the use of nanocarriers for immunotherapeutic purposes has gained a lot of attention, especially in the field of tumor therapy. However, most types of nanocarriers accumulate strongly in the liver after systemic application. Due to the default tolerance-promoting role of liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), their potential role on the immunological outcome of systemic nano-vaccination approaches for therapy of tumors in the liver and in other organs needs to be considered. Concerning immunological functions, KCs have been the focus until now, but recent studies have elucidated an important role of LSECs and HSCs as well. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current knowledge on the employment of nanocarriers for immunotherapeutic therapy of liver diseases and the overall role of liver NPCs in the context of nano-vaccination approaches. With regard to the latter, we discuss strategies on how to address liver NPCs, aiming to exploit and modulate their immunological properties, and alternatively how to avoid unwanted engagement of nano-vaccines by liver NPCs for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano L. Cacicedo
- Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.L.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Carolina Medina-Montano
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
| | - Leonard Kaps
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, I. Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Cinja Kappel
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
| | - Stephan Gehring
- Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.L.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (C.M.-M.); (C.K.)
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13
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Zhang M, Yang M, Wang N, Liu Q, Wang B, Huang T, Tong Y, Ming Y, Wong CW, Liu J, Yao D, Guan M. Andrographolide modulates HNF4α activity imparting on hepatic metabolism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 513:110867. [PMID: 32422400 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) drives the expression of apolipoprotein B (ApoB), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and phospholipase A2 G12B (PLA2G12B), governing hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production and secretion. Andrographolide (AP) is a major constituent isolated from Andrographis paniculata. We found that AP can disrupt the interaction between HNF4α and its coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α). Virtual docking and mutational analysis indicated that arginine 235 of HNF4α is essential for binding to AP. As a consequence of antagonizing the activity of HNF4α, AP suppresses the expression of ApoB, MTP and PLA2G12B and reduces the rate of hepatic VLDL secretion in vivo. AP additionally reduced gluconeogenesis via down-regulating the expression of HNF4α target genes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pepck) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pc). Collectively, our results suggest that AP affects liver function via modulating the transcriptional activity of HNF4α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Qingli Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Binxu Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Tongling Huang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Tong
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Chi-Wai Wong
- NeuMed Pharmaceuticals Limited, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Min Guan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Pandey E, Nour AS, Harris EN. Prominent Receptors of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells in Liver Homeostasis and Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:873. [PMID: 32848838 PMCID: PMC7396565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are the most abundant non-parenchymal cells lining the sinusoidal capillaries of the hepatic system. LSECs are characterized with numerous fenestrae and lack basement membrane as well as a diaphragm. These unique morphological characteristics of LSECs makes them the most permeable endothelial cells of the mammalian vasculature and aid in regulating flow of macromolecules and small lipid-based structures between sinusoidal blood and parenchymal cells. LSECs have a very high endocytic capacity aided by scavenger receptors (SR), such as SR-A, SR-B (SR-B1 and CD-36), SR-E (Lox-1 and mannose receptors), and SR-H (Stabilins). Other high-affinity receptors for mediating endocytosis include the FcγRIIb, which assist in the antibody-mediated removal of immune complexes. Complemented with intense lysosomal activity, LSECs play a vital role in the uptake and degradation of many blood borne waste macromolecules and small (<280 nm) colloids. Currently, seven Toll-like receptors have been investigated in LSECs, which are involved in the recognition and clearance of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) as well as damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Along with other SRs, LSECs play an essential role in maintaining lipid homeostasis with the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), in juxtaposition with hepatocytes. LSECs co-express two surface lectins called L-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3 Grabbing Non-integrin Receptor (L-SIGN) and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell lectin (LSECtin). LSECs also express several adhesion molecules which are involved in the recruitment of leukocytes at the site of inflammation. Here, we review these cell surface receptors as well as other components expressed by LSECs and their functions in the maintenance of liver homeostasis. We further discuss receptor expression and activity and dysregulation associated with the initiation and progression of many liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and pseudocapillarization with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, Universityof Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Aiah S Nour
- Department of Biochemistry, Universityof Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Edward N Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Universityof Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
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15
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Humphries J, Pizzi D, Sonderegger SE, Fletcher NL, Houston ZH, Bell CA, Kempe K, Thurecht KJ. Hyperbranched Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Poly(ethylene glycol): A Structure–Activity Comparison of Biodistribution. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3318-3331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Humphries
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David Pizzi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stefan E. Sonderegger
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig A. Bell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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16
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Yap KK, Gerrand YW, Dingle AM, Yeoh GC, Morrison WA, Mitchell GM. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells promote the differentiation and survival of mouse vascularised hepatobiliary organoids. Biomaterials 2020; 251:120091. [PMID: 32408048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The structural and physiological complexity of currently available liver organoids is limited, thereby reducing their relevance for drug studies, disease modelling, and regenerative therapy. In this study we combined mouse liver progenitor cells (LPCs) with mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) to generate hepatobiliary organoids with liver-specific vasculature. Organoids consisting of 5x103 cells were created from either LPCs, or a 1:1 combination of LPC/LSECs. LPC organoids demonstrated mild hepatobiliary differentiation in vitro with minimal morphological change; in contrast LPC/LSEC organoids developed clusters of polygonal hepatocyte-like cells and biliary ducts over a 7 day period. Hepatic (albumin, CPS1, CYP3A11) and biliary (GGT1) genes were significantly upregulated in LPC/LSEC organoids compared to LPC organoids over 7 days, as was albumin secretion. LPC/LSEC organoids also had significantly higher in vitro viability compared to LPC organoids. LPC and LPC/LSEC organoids were transplanted into vascularised chambers created in Fah-/-/Rag2-/-/Il2rg-/- mice (50 LPC organoids, containing 2.5x105 LPCs, and 100 LPC/LSEC organoids, containing 2.5x105 LPCs). At 2 weeks, minimal LPCs survived in chambers with LPC organoids, but robust hepatobiliary ductular tissue was present in LPC/LSEC organoids. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a 115-fold increase in HNF4α+ cells in LPC/LSEC organoid chambers (17.26 ± 4.34 cells/mm2 vs 0.15 ± 0.15 cells/mm2, p = 0.018), and 42-fold increase in Sox9+ cells in LPC/LSEC organoid chambers (28.29 ± 6.05 cells/mm2 vs 0.67 ± 0.67 cells/mm2, p = 0.011). This study presents a novel method to develop vascularised hepatobiliary organoids, with both in vitro and in vivo results confirming that incorporating LSECs with LPCs into organoids significantly increases the differentiation of hepatobiliary tissue within organoids and their survival post-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiryu K Yap
- O'Brien Institute, Department of St Vincent's Institute, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yi-Wen Gerrand
- O'Brien Institute, Department of St Vincent's Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aaron M Dingle
- O'Brien Institute, Department of St Vincent's Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - George C Yeoh
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research & Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wayne A Morrison
- O'Brien Institute, Department of St Vincent's Institute, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geraldine M Mitchell
- O'Brien Institute, Department of St Vincent's Institute, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Isolation of tissue-resident vascular endothelial stem cells from mouse liver. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:1066-1081. [PMID: 32005982 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0276-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are fundamental components of the blood vessels that comprise the vascular system; facilitate blood flow; and regulate permeability, angiogenesis, inflammatory responses and homeostatic tissue maintenance. Accumulating evidence suggests there is EC heterogeneity in vivo. However, isolation of fresh ECs from adult mice to investigate this further is challenging. Here, we describe an easy and reproducible protocol for isolation of different types of ECs and CD157+ vascular-resident endothelial stem cells (VESCs) by mechano-enzymatic tissue digestion followed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The procedure was established on liver tissue but can be used to isolate ECs from other organs with minimal modification. Preparation of single-cell suspensions can be completed in 2.5 h. We also describe assays for EC clonal and network formation, as well as transcriptomic analysis of isolated ECs. The protocol enables isolation of primary ECs and VESCs that can be used for a wide range of downstream analyses in vascular research.
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18
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The in vivo endothelial cell translatome is highly heterogeneous across vascular beds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23618-23624. [PMID: 31712416 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912409116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are highly specialized across vascular beds. However, given their interspersed anatomic distribution, comprehensive characterization of the molecular basis for this heterogeneity in vivo has been limited. By applying endothelial-specific translating ribosome affinity purification (EC-TRAP) combined with high-throughput RNA sequencing analysis, we identified pan EC-enriched genes and tissue-specific EC transcripts, which include both established markers and genes previously unappreciated for their presence in ECs. In addition, EC-TRAP limits changes in gene expression after EC isolation and in vitro expansion, as well as rapid vascular bed-specific shifts in EC gene expression profiles as a result of the enzymatic tissue dissociation required to generate single-cell suspensions for fluorescence-activated cell sorting or single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Comparison of our EC-TRAP with published single-cell RNA sequencing data further demonstrates considerably greater sensitivity of EC-TRAP for the detection of low abundant transcripts. Application of EC-TRAP to examine the in vivo host response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) revealed the induction of gene expression programs associated with a native defense response, with marked differences across vascular beds. Furthermore, comparative analysis of whole-tissue and TRAP-selected mRNAs identified LPS-induced differences that would not have been detected by whole-tissue analysis alone. Together, these data provide a resource for the analysis of EC-specific gene expression programs across heterogeneous vascular beds under both physiologic and pathologic conditions.
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Mooney B, Torres‐Velez FJ, Doering J, Ehrbar DJ, Mantis NJ. Sensitivity of Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells to ricin toxin and ricin toxin-Ab complexes. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:1161-1176. [PMID: 31313388 PMCID: PMC7008010 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0419-123r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ricin toxin is a plant-derived, ribosome-inactivating protein that is rapidly cleared from circulation by Kupffer cells (KCs) and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs)-with fatal consequences. Rather than being inactivated, ricin evades normal degradative pathways and kills both KCs and LSECs with remarkable efficiency. Uptake of ricin by these 2 specialized cell types in the liver occurs by 2 parallel routes: a "lactose-sensitive" pathway mediated by ricin's galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine-specific lectin subunit (RTB), and a "mannose-sensitive" pathway mediated by the mannose receptor (MR; CD206) or other C-type lectins capable of recognizing the mannose-side chains displayed on ricin's A (RTA) and B subunits. In this report, we investigated the capacity of a collection of ricin-specific mouse MAb and camelid single-domain (VH H) antibodies to protect KCs and LSECs from ricin-induced killing. In the case of KCs, individual MAbs against RTA or RTB afforded near complete protection against ricin in ex vivo and in vivo challenge studies. In contrast, individual MAbs or VH Hs afforded little (<40%) or even no protection to LSECs against ricin-induced death. Complete protection of LSECs was only achieved with MAb or VH H cocktails, with the most effective mixtures targeting RTA and RTB simultaneously. Although the exact mechanisms of protection of LSECs remain unknown, evidence indicates that the Ab cocktails exert their effects on the mannose-sensitive uptake pathway without the need for Fcγ receptor involvement. In addition to advancing our understanding of how toxins and small immune complexes are processed by KCs and LSECs, our study has important implications for the development of Ab-based therapies designed to prevent or treat ricin exposure should the toxin be weaponized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Mooney
- Division of Infectious DiseasesWadsworth CenterNew York State Department of HealthAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - Fernando J. Torres‐Velez
- Division of Infectious DiseasesWadsworth CenterNew York State Department of HealthAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - Jennifer Doering
- Division of Infectious DiseasesWadsworth CenterNew York State Department of HealthAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - Dylan J. Ehrbar
- Division of Infectious DiseasesWadsworth CenterNew York State Department of HealthAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - Nicholas J. Mantis
- Division of Infectious DiseasesWadsworth CenterNew York State Department of HealthAlbanyNew YorkUSA
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20
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Zhu XX, Miao XY, Gong YP, Fu B, Li CL. Isolation and culture of rat aortic endothelial cells in vitro: A novel approach without collagenase digestion. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14127-14135. [PMID: 31020704 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To study cardiovascular diseases, the isolation and culture of functional endothelial cells are very important. This study uncovered a novel approach to isolate and culture endothelial cells. The thoracic aorta was collected from Wistar rats with the attached tissue clearly removed. These aorta segments were seeded onto a six-welled plate with the endothelium facing down and removed 2 days after endothelial sprouting started. The endothelial cells were harvested until 80% uneven confluence and cultured for another two passages for use in the following assays: immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays for endothelial marker expression (CD31 and von Willebrand factor [vWF]), the Dil-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL) uptake assay, the tube formation assay, the Hoechst staining apoptosis assay, the β-galactosidase staining assay for cell senescence, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay for cell viability. Morphologically, the endothelial cells started to migrate away from the aorta after 50 to 72 hours of culture, showing a cobblestone-like structure. The cultured cells expressed high levels of CD31 and vWF, 94.65% of the cells were positive for CD31, and most of the cells showed low-density lipoprotein uptake. They were able to form tube-like structures in vitro and were negatively stained for β-galactosidase or Hoechst staining. Importantly, the cells at passages 3 and 10 showed similar levels of CCK-8, β-galactosidase, Hoechst staining, uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL, and capillary tube formation. This novel technique is useful to isolate and culture rat aortic endothelial cells for future studies of endothelial functions and biology. In addition, primary vascular endothelial cells at passages 3 to 10 are suitable for experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ping Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Cabral F, Miller CM, Kudrna KM, Hass BE, Daubendiek JG, Kellar BM, Harris EN. Purification of Hepatocytes and Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells from Mouse Liver Perfusion. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29553556 PMCID: PMC5894826 DOI: 10.3791/56993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This protocol demonstrates a method for obtaining high yield and viability for mouse hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) suitable for culturing or for obtaining cell lysates. In this protocol, the portal vein is used as the site for catheterization, rather than the vena cava, as this limits contamination of other possible cell types in the final liver preparation. No special instrumentation is required throughout the procedure. A water bath is used as a source of heat to maintain the temperature of all the buffers and solutions. A standard peristaltic pump is used to drive the fluid, and a refrigerated table-top centrifuge is required for the centrifugation procedures. The only limitation of this technique is the placement of the catheter within the portal vein, which is challenging on some of the mice in the 18 - 25 g size range. An advantage of this technique is that only one vein is utilized for the perfusion and the access to the vein is quick, which minimizes ischemia and reperfusion of the liver that reduces hepatic cell viability. Another advantage to this protocol is that it is easy to distinguish live from dead hepatocytes by eyesight due to the difference in cellular density during the centrifugation steps. Cells from this protocol may be used in cell culture for any downstream application as well as processed for any biochemical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Blake E Hass
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska
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Abstract
This update focuses on two main topics. First, recent developments in our understanding of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) function will be reviewed, specifically elimination of blood-borne waste, immunological function of LSECs, interaction of LSECs with liver metastases, LSECs and liver regeneration, and LSECs and hepatic fibrosis. Second, given the current emphasis on rigor and transparency in biomedical research, the update discusses the need for standardization of methods to demonstrate identity and purity of isolated LSECs, pitfalls in methods that might lead to a selection bias in the types of LSECs isolated, and questions about long-term culture of LSECs. Various surface markers used for immunomagnetic selection are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie D. DeLeve
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases and the USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ana C. Maretti-Mira
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases and the USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Stradiot L, Verhulst S, Roosens T, Øie C, Moya I, Halder G, Mannaerts I, van Grunsven L. Functionality based method for simultaneous isolation of rodent hepatic sinusoidal cells. Biomaterials 2017; 139:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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佟 立, 李 子. 剪切力对肝脏切除术后肝窦内皮细胞的作用. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:1050-1055. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i12.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
肝切除术是肝脏疾病尤其是肝脏肿瘤的重要治疗手段, 并且在肝切除术后会出现肝脏血流动力学的改变. 肝窦内皮细胞是肝窦毛细血管内一类特殊的内皮细胞, 对血流变化十分敏感. 本文就肝脏切除术后血流产生的剪切力作用于肝窦内皮细胞, 从而调节肝细胞再生和肝组织恢复的作用及机制作一综述.
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Poisson J, Lemoinne S, Boulanger C, Durand F, Moreau R, Valla D, Rautou PE. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: Physiology and role in liver diseases. J Hepatol 2017; 66:212-227. [PMID: 27423426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are highly specialized endothelial cells representing the interface between blood cells on the one side and hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells on the other side. LSECs represent a permeable barrier. Indeed, the association of 'fenestrae', absence of diaphragm and lack of basement membrane make them the most permeable endothelial cells of the mammalian body. They also have the highest endocytosis capacity of human cells. In physiological conditions, LSECs regulate hepatic vascular tone contributing to the maintenance of a low portal pressure despite the major changes in hepatic blood flow occurring during digestion. LSECs maintain hepatic stellate cell quiescence, thus inhibiting intrahepatic vasoconstriction and fibrosis development. In pathological conditions, LSECs play a key role in the initiation and progression of chronic liver diseases. Indeed, they become capillarized and lose their protective properties, and they promote angiogenesis and vasoconstriction. LSECs are implicated in liver regeneration following acute liver injury or partial hepatectomy since they renew from LSECs and/or LSEC progenitors, they sense changes in shear stress resulting from surgery, and they interact with platelets and inflammatory cells. LSECs also play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression, in ageing, and in liver lesions related to inflammation and infection. This review also presents a detailed analysis of the technical aspects relevant for LSEC analysis including the markers these cells express, the available cell lines and the transgenic mouse models. Finally, this review provides an overview of the strategies available for a specific targeting of LSECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Poisson
- INSERM, UMR-970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sara Lemoinne
- INSERM, UMRS 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Paris, France; Service d'hépatologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Boulanger
- INSERM, UMR-970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Durand
- Service d'hépatologie, DHU Unity Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France; INSERM, UMR-1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Paris-Clichy, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Richard Moreau
- Service d'hépatologie, DHU Unity Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France; INSERM, UMR-1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Paris-Clichy, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Valla
- Service d'hépatologie, DHU Unity Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France; INSERM, UMR-1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Paris-Clichy, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- INSERM, UMR-970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'hépatologie, DHU Unity Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France; INSERM, UMR-1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, Paris-Clichy, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France.
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26
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An optimized method for mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cell isolation. Exp Cell Res 2016; 349:291-301. [PMID: 27815020 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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