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Chang ML, Tai J, Cheng JS, Chen WT, Yang SS, Chiu CH, Chien RN. Factors associated with treatment responses to pioglitazone in patients with steatotic liver disease: A 3-year prospective cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:2969-2978. [PMID: 38685616 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM The response rate to pioglitazone and the predictive factors for its effects on improving liver biochemistry in patients with steatotic liver disease (SLD) remain elusive, so we aimed to investigate these issues. METHODS A 3-year prospective cohort study of 126 Taiwanese patients with SLD treated with pioglitazone (15-30 mg/day) was conducted. Phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 I148M rs738409, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase rs1801133, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 and lipoprotein lipase rs10099160 single nucleotide polymorphisms were assessed in the patients. RESULTS Of 126 patients, 78 (61.9%) were men, and the mean and median ages were 54.3 and 56.5 years, respectively. Pioglitazone responders were defined as those with decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at 6 months post-treatment, and 105 (83.3%) patients were responders. Compared with non-responders, responders were more frequently women and had higher baseline ALT levels. The proportion of patients with the ALDH2 rs671 GG genotype was lower among responders (38.6% vs. 66.6%, p = .028). Female sex [odds ratio (OR): 4.514, p = .023] and baseline ALT level (OR: 1.015, p = .046; cut-off level: ≥82 U/L) were associated with pioglitazone response. Among responders, the liver biochemistry and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance improved from 6 to 24 months post-treatment. The total cholesterol levels decreased within 6 months, while increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and decreases in triglyceride levels and fibrosis-4 scores were noted only at 24 months post-treatment. The 2-year cumulative incidences of cardiovascular events, cancers and hepatic events were similar between responders and non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Regarding liver biochemistry, over 80% of Taiwanese patients with SLD had a pioglitazone response, which was positively associated with female sex and baseline ALT levels. Insulin resistance improved as early as 6 months post-treatment, while liver fibrosis improvement was not observed until 24 months post-treatment. The link between the pioglitazone response and the ALDH2 genotype warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer Tai
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sien-Sing Yang
- Liver Center, Cathay General Hospital Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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He Z, Guo Q, Ling Y, Hong C, Liu Y, Jin X, Thanaporn P, Zhao D, Wang L, Liu L, Yan LL. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 rs671 polymorphism and multiple diseases: protocol for a quantitative umbrella review of meta-analyses. Syst Rev 2022; 11:185. [PMID: 36050775 PMCID: PMC9438126 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mutant allele (*2) of aldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (ALDH2) caused by a single nucleotide variant (rs671) inhibits enzymatic activity and is associated with multiple diseases. In recent years, an explosive number of original studies and meta-analyses have been conducted to examine the associations of ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism with diseases. Due to conflicting results, the overall associations of ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism and multiple diseases remain unclear. METHODS A quantitative umbrella review will be conducted on meta-analyses of genetic association studies to examine the pleiotropic effects of ALDH2 rs671, mainly including cardio-cerebral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and alcohol-induced medical disease. A search of relevant literature according to comprehensive search strategies will be performed on studies published before July 1st, 2022 in PubMed, MEDLINE Ovid, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science. Study selection, data extraction, methodology quality assessment, and strength of evidence assessment will be conducted by two reviewers independently and in duplicate. Included meta-analyses will be grouped by outcomes. Data conflicts and overlap between meta-analyses will be managed through updated standardized and customized methods including the calculation of CCA for study selection reference, application of Doi plots to assess small-study effects and others. Evidence from included meta-analyses will be quantitatively synthesized by overlap-corrected analyses and meta-analysis using primary studies. DISCUSSION This umbrella review is expected to generate systematic evidence on the association between ALDH2 rs671 and diseases. Specific approaches were developed to address key challenges in conducting an umbrella review, including assessment tools of methodology and evidence quality of meta-analyses, methods to manage overlap between meta-analyses, a "stop-light" plot to summarize key findings. These approaches provide applicable methods for future umbrella reviews of meta-analyses on genetic association studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION CRD42021223812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengting He
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Yikai Ling
- Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Chuan Hong
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, 2424 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Xurui Jin
- MindRank AI Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Porama Thanaporn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Duan Zhao
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China.,School of Public Health, Hong Kong University, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Leiting Wang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China
| | - Lijing L Yan
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, No. 8 Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215316, China. .,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China. .,Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Shared genetic loci for body fat storage and adipocyte lipolysis in humans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3666. [PMID: 35256633 PMCID: PMC8901764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Total body fat and central fat distribution are heritable traits and well-established predictors of adverse metabolic outcomes. Lipolysis is the process responsible for the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols stored in adipocytes. To increase our understanding of the genetic regulation of body fat distribution and total body fat, we set out to determine if genetic variants associated with body mass index (BMI) or waist-hip-ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) mediate their effect by influencing adipocyte lipolysis. We utilized data from the recent GWAS of spontaneous and isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis in the unique GENetics of Adipocyte Lipolysis (GENiAL) cohort. GENiAL consists of 939 participants who have undergone abdominal subcutaneous adipose biopsy for the determination of spontaneous and isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis in adipocytes. We report 11 BMI and 15 WHRadjBMI loci with SNPs displaying nominal association with lipolysis and allele-dependent gene expression in adipose tissue according to in silico analysis. Functional evaluation of candidate genes in these loci by small interfering RNAs (siRNA)-mediated knock-down in adipose-derived stem cells identified ZNF436 and NUP85 as intrinsic regulators of lipolysis consistent with the associations observed in the clinical cohorts. Furthermore, candidate genes in another BMI-locus (STX17) and two more WHRadjBMI loci (NID2, GGA3, GRB2) control lipolysis alone, or in conjunction with lipid storage, and may hereby be involved in genetic control of body fat. The findings expand our understanding of how genetic variants mediate their impact on the complex traits of fat storage and distribution.
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Moreira V, Leiguez E, Janovits PM, Maia-Marques R, Fernandes CM, Teixeira C. Inflammatory Effects of Bothrops Phospholipases A 2: Mechanisms Involved in Biosynthesis of Lipid Mediators and Lipid Accumulation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120868. [PMID: 34941706 PMCID: PMC8709003 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipases A2s (PLA2s) constitute one of the major protein groups present in the venoms of viperid and crotalid snakes. Snake venom PLA2s (svPLA2s) exhibit a remarkable functional diversity, as they have been described to induce a myriad of toxic effects. Local inflammation is an important characteristic of snakebite envenomation inflicted by viperid and crotalid species and diverse svPLA2s have been studied for their proinflammatory properties. Moreover, based on their molecular, structural, and functional properties, the viperid svPLA2s are classified into the group IIA secreted PLA2s, which encompasses mammalian inflammatory sPLA2s. Thus, research on svPLA2s has attained paramount importance for better understanding the role of this class of enzymes in snake envenomation and the participation of GIIA sPLA2s in pathophysiological conditions and for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this review, we highlight studies that have identified the inflammatory activities of svPLA2s, in particular, those from Bothrops genus snakes, which are major medically important snakes in Latin America, and we describe recent advances in our collective understanding of the mechanisms underlying their inflammatory effects. We also discuss studies that dissect the action of these venom enzymes in inflammatory cells focusing on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators and lipid accumulation in immunocompetent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04044-020, Brazil;
| | - Elbio Leiguez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Priscila Motta Janovits
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Maia-Marques
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Cristina Maria Fernandes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Lizano-Fallas V, Carrasco Del Amor A, Cristobal S. Systematic analysis of chemical-protein interactions from zebrafish embryo by proteome-wide thermal shift assay, bridging the gap between molecular interactions and toxicity pathways. J Proteomics 2021; 249:104382. [PMID: 34555547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular interaction between chemicals and proteins often promotes alteration of cellular function. One of the challenges of the toxicology is to predict the impact of exposure to chemicals. Assessing the impact of exposure implies to understand their mechanism of actions starting from identification of specific protein targets of the interaction. Current methods can mainly predict effects of characterized chemicals with knowledge of its targets, and mechanism of actions. Here, we show that proteome-wide thermal shift methods can identify chemical-protein interactions and the protein targets from bioactive chemicals. We analyzed the identified targets from a soluble proteome extracted from zebrafish embryo, that is a model system for toxicology. To evaluate the utility to predict mechanism of actions, we discussed the applicability in four cases: single chemicals, chemical mixtures, novel chemicals, and novel drugs. Our results showed that this methodology could identify the protein targets, discriminate between protein increasing and decreasing in solubility, and offering additional data to complement the map of intertwined mechanism of actions. We anticipate that the proteome integral solubility alteration (PISA) assay, as it is defined here for the unbiased identification of protein targets of chemicals could bridge the gap between molecular interactions and toxicity pathways. SIGNIFICANCE: One of the challenges of the environmental toxicology is to predict the impact of exposure to chemicals on environment and human health. Our phenotype should be explained by our genotype and the environmental exposure. Genomic methodologies can offer a deep analysis of human genome that alone cannot explain our risks of disease. We are starting to understand the key role of exposure to chemicals on our health and risks of disease. Here, we present a proteomic-based method for the identification of soluble proteins interacting with chemicals in zebrafish embryo and discuss the opportunities to complement the map of toxicity pathway perturbations. We anticipate that this PISA assay could bridge the gap between molecular interactions and toxicity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lizano-Fallas
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping 581 85, Sweden
| | - Ana Carrasco Del Amor
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping 581 85, Sweden
| | - Susana Cristobal
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping 581 85, Sweden.; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain..
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Chen SM, Hee SW, Chou SY, Liu MW, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Chang TJ, Chuang LM. Activation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Ameliorates Glucolipotoxicity of Pancreatic Beta Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101474. [PMID: 34680107 PMCID: PMC8533366 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia hamper beta cell function, leading to glucolipotoxicity. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) detoxifies reactive aldehydes, such as methylglyoxal (MG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), derived from glucose and lipids, respectively. We aimed to investigate whether ALDH2 activators ameliorated beta cell dysfunction and apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity, and its potential mechanisms of action. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in MIN6 cells and insulin secretion from isolated islets in perifusion experiments were measured. The intracellular ATP concentrations and oxygen consumption rates of MIN6 cells were assessed. Furthermore, the cell viability, apoptosis, and mitochondrial and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined. Additionally, the pro-apoptotic, apoptotic, and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways were investigated. We found that Alda-1 enhanced GSIS by improving the mitochondrial function of pancreatic beta cells. Alda-1 rescued MIN6 cells from MG- and 4-HNE-induced beta cell death, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production. However, the above effects of Alda-1 were abolished in Aldh2 knockdown MIN6 cells. In conclusion, we reported that the activator of ALDH2 not only enhanced GSIS, but also ameliorated the glucolipotoxicity of beta cells by reducing both the mitochondrial and intracellular ROS levels, thereby improving mitochondrial function, restoring beta cell function, and protecting beta cells from apoptosis and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau-Mei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Siow-Wey Hee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Shih-Yun Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Meng-Wei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (C.-H.C.); (D.M.-R.)
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (C.-H.C.); (D.M.-R.)
| | - Tien-Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-23123456 (ext. 66217)
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Sun C, Kovacs P, Guiu-Jurado E. Genetics of Obesity in East Asians. Front Genet 2020; 11:575049. [PMID: 33193685 PMCID: PMC7606890 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.575049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a public health problem worldwide. Compared with Europe, people in Asia tend to suffer from type 2 diabetes with a lower body mass index (BMI). Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 750 loci associated with obesity. Although the majority of GWAS results were conducted in individuals of European ancestry, a recent GWAS in individuals of Asian ancestry has made a significant contribution to the identification of obesity susceptibility loci. Indeed, owing to the multifactorial character of obesity with a strong environmental component, the revealed loci may have distinct contributions in different ancestral genetic backgrounds and in different environments as presented through diet and exercise among other factors. Uncovering novel, yet unrevealed genes in non-European ancestries may further contribute to explaining the missing heritability for BMI. In this review, we aimed to summarize recent advances in obesity genetics in individuals of Asian ancestry. We therefore compared proposed mechanisms underlying susceptibility loci for obesity associated with individuals of European and Asian ancestries and discussed whether known genetic variants might explain ethnic differences in obesity risk. We further acknowledged that GWAS implemented in individuals of Asian ancestries have not only validated the potential role of previously specified obesity susceptibility loci but also exposed novel ones, which have been missed in the initial genetic studies in individuals of European ancestries. Thus, multi-ethnic studies have a great potential not only to contribute to a better understanding of the complex etiology of human obesity but also potentially of ethnic differences in the prevalence of obesity, which may ultimately pave new avenues in more targeted and personalized obesity treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Kimura M, Yokoyama A, Higuchi S. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 as a therapeutic target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:955-966. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1690454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Kimura
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Heart Failure. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1193:89-106. [PMID: 31368099 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a structural or functional cardiac abnormal syndrome characterized with series of symptoms and signs such as breathlessness, fatigue, pulmonary crackles, and peripheral edema. Being a terminal phase of most myocardial lesions, HF has become a leading cause of mobility and mortality worldwide, associated with heavy clinical burden and economic costs affecting over 23 million people [14]. There is an increase to 5.5% with systolic dysfunction and an increase to 36.0% with diastolic dysfunction in people 60 years or older [85]. The costs accompanied with heart failure stand 2-3% of the total healthcare system expenditure in high-income countries and are expected to increase >2-fold in the next 2 decades [34].
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Human adipose liquid extract induces angiogenesis and adipogenesis: a novel cell-free therapeutic agent. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:252. [PMID: 31412933 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taking advantage of cellular paracrine mechanisms, the secretome of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and adipose tissue has been demonstrated to induce tissue repair and regeneration in various ischemic and impaired conditions. However, these cell-based therapies have been hindered by issues, such as inherent safety and cost-efficiency for clinical applications. In this study, we prepared a liquid cell-free extract from human adipose tissue [adipose liquid extract (ALE)] and evaluated its potential therapeutic efficacy. METHODS ALE was prepared from human subcutaneous adipose tissue using a rapid and physical approach, and the protein components in ALE were identified using mass spectrometry analysis. In vivo, the therapeutic effect of this agent was investigated on wound healing in C57BL/6 mice, and wound healing rate, vessel density, and neo-adipocyte formation in wounded skins were measured at days 3, 7, 11, and 14. In vitro, the effect of ALE on the viability of human ADSCs, tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs were tested. RESULTS The results demonstrated that ALE contained a variety of growth factors and did not affect cell viability. ALE-treated wounds exhibited accelerated wound healing with increased vessel density and formation of neo-adipocytes compared to that of control wounds. Moreover, when added as a cell culture supplement, ALE effectively induced tube formation of HUVECs and lipid accumulation in ADSCs. ALE-treated ADSCs also exhibited elevated levels of adipogenic gene expression. CONCLUSIONS ALE is a novel growth-rich therapeutic agent that is cell-free and easy to produce. Besides, it is also able to induce angiogenesis and adipogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, thus indicating that it could be used for wound repair and soft tissue regeneration.
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Transcriptome Analysis of Landrace Pig Subcutaneous Preadipocytes during Adipogenic Differentiation. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10070552. [PMID: 31331100 PMCID: PMC6678843 DOI: 10.3390/genes10070552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat deposition in pigs, which significantly contributes to meat quality, fattening efficiency, reproductive performance, and immunity, is critically affected by preadipocyte adipogenic differentiation. We elucidated adipogenesis in pigs using transcriptome analysis. Preadipocytes from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of Landrace piglets were differentiated into adipocytes in vitro. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during preadipocyte differentiation up to day 8 revealed 15,918 known and 586 novel genes. We detected 21, 144, and 394 DEGs, respectively, including 16 genes differentially expressed at days 2, 4 and 8 compared to day 0. Th number of DEGs increased time-dependently. Lipid metabolism, cell differentiation and proliferation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, and steroid biosynthesis were significant at days 2, 4, and 8 compared to day 0 (adjusted p < 0.05). Short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis obtained 26 clusters of differential gene expression patterns, and nine were significant (p < 0.05). Functional analysis showed many significantly enriched lipid deposition- and cellular process-related biological processes and pathways in profiles 9, 21, 22, and 24. Glycerolipid and fatty-acid metabolism, PPAR signaling, fatty-acid degradation, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), and TNF signaling were observed during preadipocyte differentiation in vitro. These findings will facilitate the comprehension of preadipocyte differentiation and fat deposition in pigs.
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Application of Bioactive Thermal Proteome Profiling to Decipher the Mechanism of Action of the Lipid Lowering 13 2-Hydroxy-pheophytin Isolated from a Marine Cyanobacteria. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060371. [PMID: 31234367 PMCID: PMC6627572 DOI: 10.3390/md17060371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The acceleration of the process of understanding the pharmacological application of new marine bioactive compounds requires identifying the compound protein targets leading the molecular mechanisms in a living cell. The thermal proteome profiling (TPP) methodology does not fulfill the requirements for its application to any bioactive compound lacking chemical and functional characterization. Here, we present a modified method that we called bTPP for bioactive thermal proteome profiling that guarantees target specificity from a soluble subproteome. We showed that the precipitation of the microsomal fraction before the thermal shift assay is crucial to accurately calculate the melting points of the protein targets. As a probe of concept, the protein targets of 132-hydroxy-pheophytin, a compound previously isolated from a marine cyanobacteria for its lipid reducing activity, were analyzed on the hepatic cell line HepG2. Our improved method identified 9 protein targets out of 2500 proteins, including 3 targets (isocitrate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, phosphoserine aminotransferase) that could be related to obesity and diabetes, as they are involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. This study demonstrated that the bTPP method can accelerate the field of biodiscovery, revealing protein targets involved in mechanisms of action (MOA) connected with future applications of bioactive compounds.
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Octacosanol and policosanol prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders by activating brown adipose tissue and improving liver metabolism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5169. [PMID: 30914769 PMCID: PMC6435753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an attractive therapeutic target for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. Octacosanol is the main component of policosanol, a mixture of very long chain aliphatic alcohols obtained from plants. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of octacosanol and policosanol on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Mice were fed on chow, or HFD, with or without octacosanol or policosanol treatment for four weeks. HFD-fed mice showed significantly higher body weight and body fat compared with chow-fed mice. However, mice fed on HFD treated with octacosanol or policosanol (HFDo/p) showed lower body weight gain, body fat gain, insulin resistance and hepatic lipid content. Lower body fat gain after octacosanol or policosanol was associated with increased BAT activity, reduced expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and cholesterol uptake in the liver, and amelioration of white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation. Moreover, octacosanol and policosanol significantly increased the expression of Ffar4, a gene encoding polyunsaturated fatty acid receptor, which activates BAT thermogenesis. Together, these results suggest that octacosanol and policosanol ameliorate diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders by increasing BAT activity and improving hepatic lipid metabolism. Thus, these lipids represent promising therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Matsumoto A. The Bidirectional Effect of Defective ALDH2 Polymorphism and Disease Prevention. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1193:69-87. [PMID: 31368098 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the detoxification of endogenous aldehydes, the defective polymorphism (rs671), which is highly prevalent among East Asians, does not show a serious phenotype, such as congenital abnormality. However, unfavorable and favorable impacts of the variant allele, ALDH2*2, on various disease risks have been reported. The underlying mechanisms are often complicated due to the compensatory aldehyde detoxification systems. As the phenotypes emerge due to overlapping environmental factors (e.g., alcohol intake and tobacco smoke) or individual vulnerabilities (e.g., aging and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele), polymorphism is therefore considered to be important in the field of preventative medicine. For example, it is important to recognize that ALDH2*2 carriers are at a high risk of alcohol drinking-related cancers; however, their drinking habit has less adverse effects on physiological indices, such as blood pressure, body mass index, levels of lipids, and hepatic deviation enzymes in the blood, than in non-ALDH2*2 carriers. Therefore, opportunities to reconsider their excessive drinking habit before adverse events occur can be missed. To perform effective disease prevention, the effects of ALDH2*2 on various diseases and the biological mechanisms should be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Matsumoto
- Department of Social Medicine, Saga University School of Medicine, Saga, Japan.
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Matsumoto A. [Importance of an Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphism in Preventive Medicine]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:9-20. [PMID: 29386454 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Unlike genetic alterations in other aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isozymes, a defective ALDH2 polymorphism (rs671), which is carried by almost half of East Asians, does not show a clear phenotype such as a shortened life span. However, impacts of a defective ALDH2 allele, ALDH2*2, on various disease risks have been reported. As ALDH2 is responsible for the detoxification of endogenous aldehydes, a negative effect of this polymorphism is predicted, but bidirectional effects have been actually observed and the mechanisms underlying such influences are often complex. One reason for this complexity may be the existence of compensatory aldehyde detoxification systems and the secondary effects of these systems. There are many issues to be addressed with regard to the ALDH2 polymorphism in the field of preventive medicine, including the following concerns. First, ALDH2 in the fetal stage plays a role in aldehyde detoxification; therefore, prenatal health effects of environmental aldehyde exposure are of concern for ALDH2*2-carrying fetuses. Second, ALDH2*2 carriers are at high risk of drinking-related cancers. However, their drinking habits result in less worsening of physiological findings, such as energy metabolism index and liver functions, compared with non-ALDH2*2 carriers, and therefore opportunities to detect excessive drinking can be lost. Third, personalized medicine such as personalized prescriptions for ALDH2*2 carriers will be required in the clinical setting, and accumulation of evidence is awaited. Lastly, since the ALDH2 polymorphism is not considered in workers' limits of exposure to aldehydes and their precursors, efforts to lower exposure levels beyond legal standards are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Matsumoto
- Department of Social Medicine, Saga University School of Medicine
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Münzel T, Daiber A. The potential of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:217-231. [PMID: 29431026 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1439922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) plays a major role in the ethanol detoxification pathway by removing acetaldehyde. Therefore, ALDH-2 inhibitors such as disulfiram represent the first therapeutic targeting of ALDH-2 for alcoholism therapy. Areas covered: Recently, ALDH-2 was identified as an essential bioactivating enzyme of the anti-ischemic organic nitrate nitroglycerin, bringing ALDH-2 again into the focus of clinical interest. Mechanistic studies on the nitroglycerin bioactivation process revealed that during bioconversion of nitroglycerin and in the presence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species the active site thiols of ALDH-2 are oxidized and the enzyme activity is lost. Thus, ALDH-2 activity represents a useful marker for cardiovascular oxidative stress, a concept, which has been meanwhile supported by a number of animal disease models. Mechanistic studies on the protective role of ALDH-2 in different disease processes identified the detoxification of 4-hydroxynonenal by ALDH-2 as a fundamental process of cardiovascular, cerebral and antioxidant protection. Expert opinion: The most recent therapeutic exploitation of ALDH-2 includes activators of the enzyme such as Alda-1 but also cell-based therapies (ALDH-bright cells) that deserve further clinical characterization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- a Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1 , Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany.,b Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH) , Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany.,c Partner Site Rhine-Main , German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Mainz , Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- a Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1 , Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany.,b Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH) , Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany.,c Partner Site Rhine-Main , German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Mainz , Germany
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Alcantara D, Elmslie F, Tetreault M, Bareke E, Hartley T, Majewski J, Boycott K, Innes AM, Dyment DA, O'Driscoll M. SHORT syndrome due to a novel de novo mutation in PRKCE (Protein Kinase Cɛ) impairing TORC2-dependent AKT activation. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:3713-3721. [PMID: 28934384 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
SHORT syndrome is a rare, recognizable syndrome resulting from heterozygous mutations in PIK3R1 encoding a regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K). The condition is characterized by short stature, intrauterine growth restriction, lipoatrophy and a facial gestalt involving a triangular face, deep set eyes, low hanging columella and small chin. PIK3R1 mutations in SHORT syndrome result in reduced signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. We performed whole exome sequencing for an individual with clinical features of SHORT syndrome but negative for PIK3R1 mutation and her parents. A rare de novo variant in PRKCE was identified. The gene encodes PKCε and, as such, the AKT-mTOR pathway function was assessed using phospho-specific antibodies with patient lymphoblasts and following ectopic expression of the mutant in HEK293 cells. Kinase analysis showed that the variant resulted in a partial loss-of-function. Whilst interaction with PDK1 and the mTORC2 complex component SIN1 was preserved in the mutant PKCε, it bound to SIN1 with a higher affinity than wild-type PKCε and the dynamics of mTORC2-dependent priming of mutant PKCε was altered. Further, mutant PKCε caused impaired mTORC2-dependent pAKT-S473 following rapamycin treatment. Reduced pFOXO1-S256 and pS6-S240/244 levels were also observed in the patient LCLs. To date, mutations in PIK3R1 causing impaired PI3K-dependent AKT activation are the only known cause of SHORT syndrome. We identify a SHORT syndrome child with a novel partial loss-of-function defect in PKCε. This variant causes impaired AKT activation via compromised mTORC2 complex function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Alcantara
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Martine Tetreault
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Eric Bareke
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Taila Hartley
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jacek Majewski
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Kym Boycott
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - David A Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
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Gasparovic AC, Milkovic L, Sunjic SB, Zarkovic N. Cancer growth regulation by 4-hydroxynonenal. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:226-234. [PMID: 28131901 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While reactive oxygen species (ROS) gain their carcinogenic effects by DNA mutations, if generated in the vicinity of genome, lipid peroxidation products, notably 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), have much more complex modes of activities. Namely, while ROS are short living and have short efficiency distance range (in nm or µm) HNE has strong binding affinity for proteins, thus forming relatively stable adducts. Hence, HNE can diffuse from the site or origin changing structure and function of respective proteins. Consequently HNE can influence proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of cancer cells on one hand, while on the other it can affect genome functionality, too. Although HNE is considered to be important factor of carcinogenesis due to its ability to covalently bind to DNA, it might also be cytotoxic for cancer cells, as well as it can modulate their growth. In addition to direct cytotoxicity, HNE is also involved in activity mechanisms by which several cytostatic drugs and radiotherapy exhibit their anticancer effects. Complementary to that, the metabolic pathway for HNE detoxification through RLIP76, which is enhanced in cancer, may be a target for anti-cancer treatments. In addition, some cancer cells can undergo apoptosis or necrosis, if exposed to supraphysiological HNE levels in the cancer microenvironment, especially if challenged additionally by pro-oxidative cytostatics and/or inflammation. These findings could explain previously observed disappearance of HNE from invading cancer cells, which is associated with the increase of HNE in non-malignant cells close to invading cancer utilizing cardiolipin as the source of cancer-inhibiting HNE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neven Zarkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Kusuyama J, Kamisono A, ChangHwan S, Amir MS, Bandow K, Eiraku N, Ohnishi T, Matsuguchi T. Spleen tyrosine kinase influences the early stages of multilineage differentiation of bone marrow stromal cell lines by regulating phospholipase C gamma activities. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2549-2559. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Ai Kamisono
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Seong ChangHwan
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Muhammad S. Amir
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; Airlangga University; Surabaya Indonesia
- Campus A UNAIR, JL, Mayjen Professor Doktor Moestopo, Pacar Kembang, Tambaksari, Kota SBY,; Jawa Timur Indonesia
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering; Meikai University School of Dentistry; Saitama Japan
| | - Nahoko Eiraku
- Department of Periodontology; Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Field of Developmental Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
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Itoh H, Nishikawa S, Haraguchi T, Arikawa Y, Hiyama M, Eto S, Iseri T, Itoh Y, Tani K, Nakaichi M, Taura Y, Itamoto K. Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity identifies a subpopulation of canine adipose-derived stem cells with higher differentiation potential. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1540-1544. [PMID: 28579596 PMCID: PMC5627324 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are abundant and readily obtained, and have been studied for their clinical applicability in regenerative medicine. Some surface antigens have been identified as markers of different ADSC
subpopulations in mice and humans. However, it is unclear whether functionally distinct subpopulations exist in dogs. To address this issue, we evaluated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity—a widely used stem cell marker in
mice and humans—by flow cytometry. Approximately 20% of bulk ADSCs showed high ALDH activity. Compared to cells with low activity (ALDHLo), the high-activity (ALDHHi) subpopulation exhibited a higher capacity
for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. This is the first report of distinct ADSC subpopulations in dogs that differ in terms of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumichi Itoh
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Shimpei Nishikawa
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Tomoya Haraguchi
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yu Arikawa
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masato Hiyama
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Shotaro Eto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Toshie Iseri
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Itoh
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kenji Tani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Munekazu Nakaichi
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yasuho Taura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Itamoto
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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