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Kruckow KL, Murray E, Shayhidin E, Rosenberg AF, Bowdish DME, Orihuela CJ. Chronic TNF exposure induces glucocorticoid-like immunosuppression in the alveolar macrophages of aged mice that enhances their susceptibility to pneumonia. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14133. [PMID: 38459711 PMCID: PMC11296116 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly elevated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels, occurs due to advanced age and is associated with greater susceptibility to infection. One reason for this is age-dependent macrophage dysfunction (ADMD). Herein, we use the adoptive transfer of alveolar macrophages (AM) from aged mice into the airway of young mice to show that inherent age-related defects in AM were sufficient to increase the susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive bacterium and the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia. MAPK phosphorylation arrays using AM lysates from young and aged wild-type (WT) and TNF knockout (KO) mice revealed multilevel TNF-mediated suppression of kinase activity in aged mice. RNAseq analyses of AM validated the suppression of MAPK signaling as a consequence of TNF during aging. Two regulatory phosphatases that suppress MAPK signaling, Dusp1 and Ptprs, were confirmed to be upregulated with age and as a result of TNF exposure both ex vivo and in vitro. Dusp1 is known to be responsible for glucocorticoid-mediated immune suppression, and dexamethasone treatment increased Dusp1 and Ptprs expression in cells and recapitulated the ADMD phenotype. In young mice, treatment with dexamethasone increased the levels of Dusp1 and Ptprs and their susceptibility to infection. TNF-neutralizing antibody reduced Dusp1 and Ptprs levels in AM from aged mice and reduced pneumonia severity following bacterial challenge. We conclude that chronic exposure to TNF increases the expression of the glucocorticoid-associated MAPK signaling suppressors, Dusp1 and Ptprs, which inhibits AM activation and increases susceptibility to bacterial pneumonia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Kruckow
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Elizabeth Murray
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Elnur Shayhidin
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory HealthSt. Joseph's Healthcare HamiltonHamiltonOntarioCanada
- The M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease ResearchMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Alexander F. Rosenberg
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Informatics InstituteUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Dawn M. E. Bowdish
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory HealthSt. Joseph's Healthcare HamiltonHamiltonOntarioCanada
- The M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease ResearchMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Carlos J. Orihuela
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
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2
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Kim GD, Lim EY, Shin HS. Macrophage Polarization and Functions in Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5631. [PMID: 38891820 PMCID: PMC11172060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the major leading cause of mortality worldwide, is a progressive and irreversible respiratory condition characterized by peripheral airway and lung parenchymal inflammation, accompanied by fibrosis, emphysema, and airflow limitation, and has multiple etiologies, including genetic variance, air pollution, and repetitive exposure to harmful substances. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of COPD have not been identified. Recent multiomics-based evidence suggests that the plasticity of alveolar macrophages contributes to the onset and progression of COPD through the coordinated modulation of numerous transcription factors. Therefore, this review focuses on understanding the mechanisms and functions of macrophage polarization that regulate lung homeostasis in COPD. These findings may provide a better insight into the distinct role of macrophages in COPD pathogenesis and perspective for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
| | - Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (G.-D.K.); (E.Y.L.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Ahmadi A, Ahrari S, Salimian J, Salehi Z, Karimi M, Emamvirdizadeh A, Jamalkandi SA, Ghanei M. p38 MAPK signaling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis and inhibitor therapeutics. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:314. [PMID: 37919729 PMCID: PMC10623820 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar remodeling. Although the abnormalities are primarily prompted by chronic exposure to inhaled irritants, maladjusted and self-reinforcing immune responses are significant contributors to the development and progression of the disease. The p38 isoforms are regarded as pivotal hub proteins that regulate immune and inflammatory responses in both healthy and disease states. As a result, their inhibition has been the subject of numerous recent studies exploring their therapeutic potential in COPD. MAIN BODY We performed a systematic search based on the PRISMA guidelines to find relevant studies about P38 signaling in COPD patients. We searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases and used "P38" AND "COPD" Mesh Terms. We applied the following inclusion criteria: (1) human, animal, ex vivo and in vitro studies; (2) original research articles; (3) published in English; and (4) focused on P38 signaling in COPD pathogenesis, progression, or treatment. We screened the titles and abstracts of the retrieved studies and assessed the full texts of the eligible studies for quality and relevance. We extracted the following data from each study: authors, year, country, sample size, study design, cell type, intervention, outcome, and main findings. We classified the studies according to the role of different cells and treatments in P38 signaling in COPD. CONCLUSION While targeting p38 MAPK has demonstrated some therapeutic potential in COPD, its efficacy is limited. Nevertheless, combining p38 MAPK inhibitors with other anti-inflammatory steroids appears to be a promising treatment choice. Clinical trials testing various p38 MAPK inhibitors have produced mixed results, with some showing improvement in lung function and reduction in exacerbations in COPD patients. Despite these mixed results, research on p38 MAPK inhibitors is still a major area of study to develop new and more effective therapies for COPD. As our understanding of COPD evolves, we may gain a better understanding of how to utilize p38 MAPK inhibitors to treat this disease. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ahrari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Karimi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Emamvirdizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Bio Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Zheng W, Zhou Z, Guo X, Zuo X, Zhang J, An Y, Zheng H, Yue Y, Wang G, Wang F. Efferocytosis and Respiratory Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14871. [PMID: 37834319 PMCID: PMC10573909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are the smallest units that make up living organisms, which constantly undergo the processes of proliferation, differentiation, senescence and death. Dead cells need to be removed in time to maintain the homeostasis of the organism and keep it healthy. This process is called efferocytosis. If the process fails, this may cause different types of diseases. More and more evidence suggests that a faulty efferocytosis process is closely related to the pathological processes of respiratory diseases. In this review, we will first introduce the process and the related mechanisms of efferocytosis of the macrophage. Secondly, we will propose some methods that can regulate the function of efferocytosis at different stages of the process. Next, we will discuss the role of efferocytosis in different lung diseases and the related treatment approaches. Finally, we will summarize the drugs that have been applied in clinical practice that can act upon efferocytosis, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guoqiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (X.G.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.A.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Fang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (X.G.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.A.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.)
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5
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Liu Y, Kong H, Cai H, Chen G, Chen H, Ruan W. Progression of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1238782. [PMID: 37799975 PMCID: PMC10548138 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1238782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by a slow progression and caused by the inhalation of harmful particulate matter. Cigarette smoke and air pollutants are the primary contributing factors. Currently, the pathogenesis of COPD remains incompletely understood. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway has recently emerged as a critical regulator of inflammation and oxidative stress response in COPD, playing a pivotal role in the disease's progression and treatment. This paper reviews the association between the PI3K/Akt pathway and COPD, examines effective PI3K/Akt inhibitors and novel anti-COPD agents, aiming to identify new therapeutic targets for clinical intervention in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haobo Kong
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Heping Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guanru Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenyi Ruan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
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6
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Nandi I, Aroeti B. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Enteric Bacterial Pathogens: A Complex Interplay. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11905. [PMID: 37569283 PMCID: PMC10419152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse extracellular and intracellular cues activate mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Canonically, the activation starts at cell surface receptors and continues via intracellular MAPK components, acting in the host cell nucleus as activators of transcriptional programs to regulate various cellular activities, including proinflammatory responses against bacterial pathogens. For instance, binding host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells to bacterial pathogen external components trigger the MAPK/NF-κB signaling cascade, eliciting cytokine production. This results in an innate immune response that can eliminate the bacterial pathogen. However, enteric bacterial pathogens evolved sophisticated mechanisms that interfere with such a response by delivering virulent proteins, termed effectors, and toxins into the host cells. These proteins act in numerous ways to inactivate or activate critical components of the MAPK signaling cascades and innate immunity. The consequence of such activities could lead to successful bacterial colonization, dissemination, and pathogenicity. This article will review enteric bacterial pathogens' strategies to modulate MAPKs and host responses. It will also discuss findings attempting to develop anti-microbial treatments by targeting MAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Aroeti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190410, Israel;
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7
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Ryan EM, Sadiku P, Coelho P, Watts ER, Zhang A, Howden AJM, Sanchez-Garcia MA, Bewley M, Cole J, McHugh BJ, Vermaelen W, Ghesquiere B, Carmeliet P, Rodriguez Blanco G, Von Kriegsheim A, Sanchez Y, Rumsey W, Callahan JF, Cooper G, Parkinson N, Baillie K, Cantrell DA, McCafferty J, Choudhury G, Singh D, Dockrell DH, Whyte MKB, Walmsley SR. NRF2 Activation Reprograms Defects in Oxidative Metabolism to Restore Macrophage Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:998-1011. [PMID: 36724365 PMCID: PMC7614437 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0482oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by persistent airway inflammation and disordered macrophage function. The extent to which alterations in macrophage bioenergetics contribute to impaired antioxidant responses and disease pathogenesis has yet to be fully delineated. Objectives: Through the study of COPD alveolar macrophages (AMs) and peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), we sought to establish if intrinsic defects in core metabolic processes drive macrophage dysfunction and redox imbalance. Methods: AMs and MDMs from donors with COPD and healthy donors underwent functional, metabolic, and transcriptional profiling. Measurements and Main Results: We observed that AMs and MDMs from donors with COPD display a critical depletion in glycolytic- and mitochondrial respiration-derived energy reserves and an overreliance on glycolysis as a source for ATP, resulting in reduced energy status. Defects in oxidative metabolism extend to an impaired redox balance associated with defective expression of the NADPH-generating enzyme, ME1 (malic enzyme 1), a known target of the antioxidant transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2). Consequently, selective activation of NRF2 resets the COPD transcriptome, resulting in increased generation of TCA cycle intermediaries, improved energetic status, favorable redox balance, and recovery of macrophage function. Conclusions: In COPD, an inherent loss of metabolic plasticity leads to metabolic exhaustion and reduced redox capacity, which can be rescued by activation of the NRF2 pathway. Targeting these defects, via NRF2 augmentation, may therefore present an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of the aberrant airway inflammation described in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilise M. Ryan
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Pranvera Sadiku
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Patricia Coelho
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Emily R. Watts
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Ailiang Zhang
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Andrew J. M. Howden
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel A. Sanchez-Garcia
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Martin Bewley
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Joby Cole
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Brian J. McHugh
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Wesley Vermaelen
- Metabolomics Expertise Centre, VIB-KU Leuven Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquiere
- Metabolomics Expertise Centre, VIB-KU Leuven Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | | | | | - Yolanda Sanchez
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - William Rumsey
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | | | - George Cooper
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Nicholas Parkinson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Baillie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Doreen A. Cantrell
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - John McCafferty
- NHS Lothian, Respiratory Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gourab Choudhury
- NHS Lothian, Respiratory Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; and
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David H. Dockrell
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Moira K. B. Whyte
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
| | - Sarah R. Walmsley
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute
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8
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Lu R, Xu K, Qin Y, Shao X, Yan M, Liao Y, Wang B, Zhao J, Li J, Tian Y. Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal Effects and Mechanisms of Icariin Combined with Nobiletin against Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:4838650. [PMID: 36387362 PMCID: PMC9649313 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4838650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-term respiratory disorder marked by restricted airflow and persistent respiratory symptoms. According to previous studies, icariin combined with nobiletin (I&N) significantly ameliorates COPD, but the therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE The aim of the study is to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of I&N against COPD using network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS The targets of I&N and related genes of COPD were screened and their intersection was selected. Next, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Further, a COPD rat model was established to validate the effect and mechanisms of I&N. RESULTS 445 potential targets I&N were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, STITCH 5.0, and PharmMapper databases. 1831 related genes of COPD were obtained from GeneCards, DrugBank, and DisGeNet databases. 189 related genes were screened via matching COPD targets with I&N. 16 highest score targets among 189 targets were obtained according to PPI networks. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of 16 highest score targets suggested that these key genes of I&N were mostly enriched in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Therefore, the treatments of I&N for COPD were connected with inflammation-related pathways. In in vivo experiments, the studies indicated that I&N improved the lung function and alleviated the damage of pulmonary histopathology. Moreover, I&N reduced levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in lung tissues of COPD rats and inhibited the activation of the MAPK pathway and PI3K-Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS Icariin combined with nobiletin has therapeutic effects on COPD by inhibiting inflammation. The potential mechanisms of I&N may relate to the MAPK pathway and PI3K-Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Lu
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yanqin Qin
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Xuejie Shao
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Yan
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yixi Liao
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Institute for Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
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9
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Belchamber KBR, Thein OS, Hazeldine J, Grudzinska FS, Faniyi AA, Hughes MJ, Jasper AE, Yip KP, Crowley LE, Lugg ST, Sapey E, Parekh D, Thickett DR, Scott A. Dysregulated Neutrophil Phenotype and Function in Hospitalised Non-ICU COVID-19 Pneumonia. Cells 2022; 11:2901. [PMID: 36139476 PMCID: PMC9496854 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Infection with the SARS-CoV2 virus is associated with elevated neutrophil counts. Evidence of neutrophil dysfunction in COVID-19 is based on transcriptomics or single functional assays. Cell functions are interwoven pathways, and understanding the effect across the spectrum of neutrophil function may identify therapeutic targets. Objectives: Examine neutrophil phenotype and function in 41 hospitalised, non-ICU COVID-19 patients versus 23 age-matched controls (AMC) and 26 community acquired pneumonia patients (CAP). Methods: Isolated neutrophils underwent ex vivo analyses for migration, bacterial phagocytosis, ROS generation, NETosis and receptor expression. Circulating DNAse 1 activity, levels of cfDNA, MPO, VEGF, IL-6 and sTNFRI were measured and correlated to clinical outcome. Serial sampling on day three to five post hospitalization were also measured. The effect of ex vivo PI3K inhibition was measured in a further cohort of 18 COVID-19 patients. Results: Compared to AMC and CAP, COVID-19 neutrophils demonstrated elevated transmigration (p = 0.0397) and NETosis (p = 0.0332), and impaired phagocytosis (p = 0.0036) associated with impaired ROS generation (p < 0.0001). The percentage of CD54+ neutrophils (p < 0.001) was significantly increased, while surface expression of CD11b (p = 0.0014) and PD-L1 (p = 0.006) were significantly decreased in COVID-19. COVID-19 and CAP patients showed increased systemic markers of NETosis including increased cfDNA (p = 0.0396) and impaired DNAse activity (p < 0.0001). The ex vivo inhibition of PI3K γ and δ reduced NET release by COVID-19 neutrophils (p = 0.0129). Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with neutrophil dysfunction across all main effector functions, with altered phenotype, elevated migration and NETosis, and impaired antimicrobial responses. These changes highlight that targeting neutrophil function may help modulate COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie B. R. Belchamber
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Onn S. Thein
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jon Hazeldine
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Frances S. Grudzinska
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Aduragbemi A. Faniyi
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Michael J. Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alice E. Jasper
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kay Por Yip
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Louise E. Crowley
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sebastian T. Lugg
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- PIONEER HDR-UK Hub in Acute Care, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Dhruv Parekh
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham B12 2GW, UK
| | - David R. Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Aaron Scott
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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10
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Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification Revealed the Mechanism of Yiqi Jianpi Recipe on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8823231. [PMID: 36118092 PMCID: PMC9473879 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8823231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to explore the active ingredients, targets, and mechanism of action of Yiqi Jianpi recipe (YQJPR) in the treatment of COPD based on the network pharmacology and COPD rat models. Methods The active ingredients and targets of YQJPR were collected by TCMSP. Disease-related protein targets were obtained from GeneCards. The Venn diagram was used to show the key therapeutic targets of COPD in YQJPR. The PPI network was established by STRING, and cytoHubba plug-in was used to screen the core targets within the network. GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed to describe the functions and pathways of the core targets. Cytoscape software was used to construct the ingredient-target network and the core target-enrichment pathway network. The chemical constituents of YQJPR were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. Results The network pharmacology showed 152 active ingredients and 225 targets in YQJPR for the treatment of COPD. The key active ingredients were quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, tanshinone IIA, and baicalein. The contents of quercetin and luteolin in YQJPR were quantitatively measured by HPLC-MS/MS. 22 core genes were screened, including AKT1, IL-6, JUN, VEGFA, and CASP3, which were mainly involved in BPs such as cell proliferation and differentiation, oxidative/chemical stress, and regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity and regulated viral infection, tumor, HIF-1, MAPK, TNF, and IL-17 pathways. Animal experiments showed that YQJPR could significantly reduce the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-Akt, c-Myc, cleaved caspase-3, and p-Stat3 in lung tissue (p < 0.05). HE staining showed that, compared with the model group, YQJPR significantly improved lung tissue morphology and reduced lung inflammation in rats. Conclusion The effects of YQJPR on COPD may involve multiple components, pathways, and targets. This study provides new ideas for further and more comprehensive exploration of the therapeutic effect of YQJPR on COPD in the future.
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11
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El Kharbili M, Aviszus K, Sasse SK, Zhao X, Serban KA, Majka SM, Gerber AN, Gally F. Macrophage programming is regulated by a cooperative interaction between fatty acid binding protein 5 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22300. [PMID: 35436029 PMCID: PMC9320869 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200128r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is an active process that is tightly regulated to achieve repair and tissue homeostasis. In the absence of resolution, persistent inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with recurrent exacerbations. Over the course of inflammation, macrophage programming transitions from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving, which is in part regulated by the nuclear receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ). Our previous work demonstrated an association between Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 (FABP5) expression and PPARγ activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy and COPD patients. However, a role for FABP5 in macrophage programming has not been examined. Here, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches, we demonstrate that FABP5 is necessary for PPARγ activation. In turn, PPARγ acts directly to increase FABP5 expression in primary human alveolar macrophages. We further illustrate that lack of FABP5 expression promotes a pro-inflammatory macrophage programming with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased chromatin accessibility for pro-inflammatory transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB and MAPK). And finally, real-time cell metabolic analysis using the Seahorse technology shows an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in FABP5-deficient macrophages. Taken together, our data indicate that FABP5 and PPARγ reciprocally regulate each other's expression and function, consistent with a novel positive feedback loop between the two factors that mediates macrophage pro-resolving programming. Our studies highlight the importance of defining targets and regulatory mechanisms that control the resolution of inflammation and may serve to inform novel interventional strategies directed towards COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manale El Kharbili
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Katja Aviszus
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Sarah K. Sasse
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Karina A. Serban
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Susan M. Majka
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Fabienne Gally
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
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12
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Mindt BC, DiGiandomenico A. Microbiome Modulation as a Novel Strategy to Treat and Prevent Respiratory Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040474. [PMID: 35453224 PMCID: PMC9029693 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic lower airway disease still represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale. With the steady rise of multidrug-resistant respiratory pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, we are rapidly approaching the advent of a post-antibiotic era. In addition, potentially detrimental novel variants of respiratory viruses continuously emerge with the most prominent recent example being severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To this end, alternative preventive and therapeutic intervention strategies will be critical to combat airway infections in the future. Chronic respiratory diseases are associated with alterations in the lung and gut microbiome, which is thought to contribute to disease progression and increased susceptibility to infection with respiratory pathogens. In this review we will focus on how modulating and harnessing the microbiome may pose a novel strategy to prevent and treat pulmonary infections as well as chronic respiratory disease.
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13
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Taucher E, Mykoliuk I, Lindenmann J, Smolle-Juettner FM. Implications of the Immune Landscape in COPD and Lung Cancer: Smoking Versus Other Causes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846605. [PMID: 35386685 PMCID: PMC8978964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is reported in about one third of adults worldwide. A strong relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as lung cancer has been proven. However, about 15% of lung cancer cases, and between one fourth and one third of COPD cases, occur in never-smokers. The effects of cigarette smoke on the innate as well as the adaptive immune system have been widely investigated. It is assumed that certain immunologic features contribute to lung cancer and COPD development in the absence of smoking as the major risk factor. In this article, we review different immunological aspects of lung cancer and COPD with a special focus on non-smoking related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Taucher
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Iurii Mykoliuk
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joerg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Uwagboe I, Adcock IM, Lo Bello F, Caramori G, Mumby S. New drugs under development for COPD. Minerva Med 2022; 113:471-496. [PMID: 35142480 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.08024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The characteristic features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include inflammation and remodelling of the lower airways and lung parenchyma together with activation of inflammatory and immune processes. Due to the increasing habit of cigarette smoking worldwide COPD prevalence is increasing globally. Current therapies are unable to prevent COPD progression in many patients or target many of its hallmark characteristics which may reflect the lack of adequate biomarkers to detect the heterogeneous clinical and molecular nature of COPD. In this chapter we review recent molecular data that may indicate novel pathways that underpin COPD subphenotypes and indicate potential improvements in the classes of drugs currently used to treat COPD. We also highlight the evidence for new drugs or approaches to treat COPD identified using molecular and other approaches including kinase inhibitors, cytokine- and chemokine-directed biologicals and small molecules, antioxidants and redox signalling pathway inhibitors, inhaled anti-infectious agents and senolytics. It is important to consider the phenotypes/molecular endotypes of COPD patients together with specific outcome measures to target new therapies to particular COPD subtypes. This will require greater understanding of COPD molecular pathologies and a focus on biomarkers of predicting disease subsets and responder/non-responder populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Uwagboe
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK -
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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15
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Faniyi AA, Hughes MJ, Scott A, Belchamber KBR, Sapey E. Inflammation, Ageing and Diseases of the Lung: Potential therapeutic strategies from shared biological pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1790-1807. [PMID: 34826882 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases disproportionately affect elderly individuals. The lungs form a unique environment: a highly elastic organ with gaseous exchange requiring the closest proximity of inhaled air containing harmful agents and the circulating blood volume. The lungs are highly susceptible to senescence, with age and "inflammageing" creating a pro-inflammatory environment with a reduced capacity to deal with challenges. Whilst lung diseases may have disparate causes, the burden of ageing and inflammation provides a common process which can exacerbate seemingly unrelated pathologies. However, these shared pathways may also provide a common route to treatment, with increased interest in drugs which target ageing processes across respiratory diseases. In this review, we will examine the evidence for the increased burden of lung disease in older adults, the structural and functional changes seen with advancing age and assess what our expanding knowledge of inflammation and ageing pathways could mean for the treatment of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Faniyi
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - M J Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - A Scott
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - K B R Belchamber
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - E Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
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16
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Silencing ROCK1 ameliorates ventilator-induced lung injury in mice by inhibiting macrophages' NLRP3 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108208. [PMID: 34619496 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Rho kinase, including two subtypes, ROCK1 and ROCK2, controls a variety of biological processes helping coordinate the tissues response to stress and injury. Some authors believe that alveolar macrophages (AMs) play a key role in the early phase of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which is closely related to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling. However, there is currently little known about the relationship between ROCK signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome. Accordingly, we focused on exploring the effect of ROCK for NLRP3 inflammasome, the results showed that VILI in C57BL/6 mice significantly increased NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, caspase1 expression, and the secretion of cytokines, which was reversed by applying the ROCK Inhibitor-Y27632. Moreover, the use of AMs and mechanical stretching suggested that ROCK regulated transcriptional level of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome in AMs. Specifically, we silenced the ROCK1 and ROCK2 respectively, and found that the inflammation of MH-S cells after LPS and ATP priming could be regulated by ROCK1 and ROCK2, while the NLRP3 was only dependent upon ROCK1. Meantime, the related genes of NLRP3 signal are also regulated by ROCK1. Collectively, our data suggest that silencing ROCK1 ameliorates VILI in mice in part by inhibiting AMs' NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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17
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Lea S, Gaskell R, Hall S, Maschera B, Hessel E, Singh D. Assessment of bacterial exposure on phagocytic capability and surface marker expression of sputum macrophages and neutrophils in COPD patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 206:99-109. [PMID: 34143447 PMCID: PMC8446400 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective phagocytosis has been shown in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) bronchoalveolar lavage and blood monocyte-derived macrophages. Phagocytic capabilities of sputum macrophages and neutrophils in COPD are unknown. We investigated phagocytosis in these cells from COPD patients and controls. Phagocytosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae or fluorescently labelled non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) by sputum macrophages and neutrophils was determined by gentamycin protection assay (COPD; n = 5) or flow cytometry in 14 COPD patients, 8 healthy smokers (HS) and 9 healthy never-smokers (HNS). Sputum macrophages and neutrophils were differentiated by adherence for the gentamycin protection assay or receptor expression (CD206 and CD66b, respectively), by flow cytometry. The effects of NTHi on macrophage expression of CD206 and CD14 and neutrophil expression of CD16 were determined by flow cytometry. There was greater uptake of S. pneumoniae [~10-fold more colony-forming units (CFU)/ml] by sputum neutrophils compared to macrophages in COPD patients. Flow cytometry showed greater NTHi uptake by neutrophils compared to macrophages in COPD (67 versus 38%, respectively) and HS (61 versus 31%, respectively). NTHi uptake by macrophages was lower in HS (31%, p = 0.019) and COPD patients (38%, p = 0.069) compared to HNS (57%). NTHi uptake by neutrophils was similar between groups. NTHi exposure reduced CD206 and CD14 expression on macrophages and CD16 expression on neutrophils. Sputum neutrophils showed more phagocytic activity than macrophages. There was some evidence that bacterial phagocytosis was impaired in HS sputum macrophages, but no impairment of neutrophils was observed in HS or COPD patients. These results highlight the relative contributions of neutrophils and macrophages to bacterial clearance in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lea
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthManchester Academic Health Science CentreThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Rosemary Gaskell
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthManchester Academic Health Science CentreThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Simon Hall
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit (AI RU)GlaxoSmithKlineStevenageUK
| | - Barbara Maschera
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit (AI RU)GlaxoSmithKlineStevenageUK
| | - Edith Hessel
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation‐DPU (RRI DPU)GlaxoSmithKlineStevenageUK
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthManchester Academic Health Science CentreThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Medicines Evaluation UnitManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
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18
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Baker JR, Donnelly LE. Leukocyte Function in COPD: Clinical Relevance and Potential for Drug Therapy. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2227-2242. [PMID: 34354348 PMCID: PMC8331105 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s266394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung condition affecting 10% of the global population over 45 years. Currently, there are no disease-modifying treatments, with current therapies treating only the symptoms of the disease. COPD is an inflammatory disease, with a high infiltration of leukocytes being found within the lung of COPD patients. These leukocytes, if not kept in check, damage the lung, leading to the pathophysiology associated with the disease. In this review, we focus on the main leukocytes found within the COPD lung, describing how the release of chemokines from the damaged epithelial lining recruits these cells into the lung. Once present, these cells become active and may be driven towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. These cells release their own subtypes of inflammatory mediators, growth factors and proteases which can all lead to airway remodeling, mucus hypersecretion and emphysema. Finally, we describe some of the current therapies and potential new targets that could be utilized to target aberrant leukocyte function in the COPD lung. Here, we focus on old therapies such as statins and corticosteroids, but also look at the emerging field of biologics describing those which have been tested in COPD already and potential new monoclonal antibodies which are under review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Baker
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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19
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Darlyuk-Saadon I, Heng CKM, Bai C, Gilad N, Yu WP, Meng Huang Mok M, Wong WSF, Engelberg D. Expression of a constitutively active p38α mutant in mice causes early death, anemia, and accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. FEBS J 2021; 288:3978-3999. [PMID: 33410203 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The MAP kinase p38α is associated with numerous processes in eukaryotes, and its elevated activity is a prominent feature of inflammatory diseases, allergies, and aging. Since p38α is a nodal component of a complex signaling network, it is difficult to reveal exactly how p38α contributes to disparate outcomes. Identification of p38α -specific effects requires activation of p38α per se in vivo. We generated a transgenic mouse model that meets this requirement by allowing inducible and reversible expression of an intrinsically active p38α molecule (p38αD176A+F327S ). p38α's activation across all murine tissues resulted in a significant loss of body weight and death of about 40% of the mice within 17 weeks of activation, although most tissues were unaffected. Flow cytometric analysis of the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid detected an accumulation of 'debris' within the airways, suggesting impaired clearance. It also revealed increased numbers of alternatively activated alveolar macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells within the lung, pointing at suppression and resolution of inflammation. Blood count suggested that mice expressing p38αD176A+F327S suffer from hemolytic anemia. Flow cytometry of bone marrow revealed a reduced number of hematopoietic stem cells and abnormalities in the erythroid lineage. Unexpectedly, p38α's substrate MAPKAPK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 was downregulated in mice expressing p38αD176A+F327S , suggesting that constitutive activity of p38α may impose pathological phenotypes by downregulating downstream components, perhaps via a feedback inhibition mechanism. In summary, this new mouse model shows that induced p38α activity per se is hazardous to mouse vitality and welfare, although pathological parameters are apparent only in blood count, bone marrow, and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Darlyuk-Saadon
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chew Kiat Matthew Heng
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Chen Bai
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nechama Gilad
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Wei-Ping Yu
- Animal Gene Editing Laboratory (AGEL), Biological Resource Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - W S Fred Wong
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Engelberg
- CREATE-NUS-HUJ, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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20
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ROCK Inhibition as Potential Target for Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071648. [PMID: 34209333 PMCID: PMC8303917 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a cardiovascular disease caused by extensive vascular remodeling in the lungs, which ultimately leads to death in consequence of right ventricle (RV) failure. While current drugs for PH therapy address the sustained vasoconstriction, no agent effectively targets vascular cell proliferation and tissue inflammation. Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCKs) emerged in the last few decades as promising targets for PH therapy, since ROCK inhibitors demonstrated significant anti-remodeling and anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, current aspects of ROCK inhibition therapy are discussed in relation to the treatment of PH and RV dysfunction, from cell biology to preclinical and clinical studies.
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21
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Moradi S, Jarrahi E, Ahmadi A, Salimian J, Karimi M, Zarei A, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Ghanei M. PI3K signalling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and opportunities for therapy. J Pathol 2021; 254:505-518. [PMID: 33959951 DOI: 10.1002/path.5696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterised by airway inflammation and progressive obstruction of the lung airflow. Current pharmacological treatments include bronchodilators, alone or in combination with steroids, or other anti-inflammatory agents, which have only partially contributed to the inhibition of disease progression and mortality. Therefore, further research unravelling the underlying mechanisms is necessary to develop new anti-COPD drugs with both lower toxicity and higher efficacy. Extrinsic signalling pathways play crucial roles in COPD development and exacerbations. In particular, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling has recently been shown to be a major driver of the COPD phenotype. Therefore, several small-molecule inhibitors have been identified to block the hyperactivation of this signalling pathway in COPD patients, many of them showing promising outcomes in both preclinical animal models of COPD and human clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the critically important roles played by hyperactivated PI3K signalling in the pathogenesis of COPD. We also critically review current therapeutics based on PI3K inhibition, and provide suggestions focusing on PI3K signalling for the further improvement of the COPD phenotype. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Moradi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Jarrahi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Karimi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Zarei
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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MacLeod M, Papi A, Contoli M, Beghé B, Celli BR, Wedzicha JA, Fabbri LM. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation fundamentals: Diagnosis, treatment, prevention and disease impact. Respirology 2021; 26:532-551. [PMID: 33893708 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exacerbations (ECOPD), characterized by an acute deterioration in respiratory symptoms, are fundamental events impacting negatively upon disease progression, comorbidities, wellbeing and mortality. ECOPD also represent the largest component of the socioeconomic burden of COPD. ECOPDs are currently defined as acute worsening of respiratory symptoms that require additional therapy. Definitions that require worsening of dyspnoea and sputum volume/purulence assume that acute infections, especially respiratory viral infections, and/or exposure to pollutants are the main cause of ECOPD. But other factors may contribute to ECOPD, such as the exacerbation of other respiratory diseases and non-respiratory diseases (e.g., heart failure, thromboembolism). The complexity of worsening dyspnoea has suggested a need to improve the definition of ECOPD using objective measurements such as blood counts and C-reactive protein to improve accuracy of diagnosis and a personalized approach to management. There are three time points when we can intervene to improve outcomes: acutely, to attenuate the length and severity of an established exacerbation; in the aftermath, to prevent early recurrence and readmission, which are common, and in the long-term, establishing preventative measures that reduce the risk of future events. Acute management includes interventions such as corticosteroids or antibiotics and measures to support the respiratory system, including non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Current therapies are broad and better understanding of clinical phenotypes and biomarkers may help to establish a more tailored approach, for example in relation to antibiotic prescription. Other unmet needs include effective treatment for viruses, which commonly cause exacerbations. Preventing early recurrence and readmission to hospital is important and the benefits of interventions such as antibiotics or anti-inflammatories in this period are not established. Domiciliary NIV in those patients who are persistently hypercapnic following discharge and pulmonary rehabilitation can have a positive impact. For long-term prevention, inhaled therapy is key. Dual bronchodilators reduce exacerbation frequency but in patients with continuing exacerbations, triple therapy should be considered, especially if blood eosinophils are elevated. Other options include phosphodiesterase inhibitors and macrolide antibiotics. ECOPD are a key component of the assessment of COPD severity and future outcomes (quality of life, hospitalisations, health care resource utilization, mortality) and are a central component in pharmacological management decisions. Targeted therapies directed towards specific pathways of inflammation are being explored in exacerbation prevention, and this is a promising avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairi MacLeod
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Alberto Papi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bianca Beghé
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonardo M Fabbri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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23
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Xu Y, Thakur A, Zhang Y, Foged C. Inhaled RNA Therapeutics for Obstructive Airway Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Prospects. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020177. [PMID: 33525500 PMCID: PMC7912103 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive airway diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, represent leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the efficacy of currently available inhaled therapeutics is not sufficient for arresting disease progression and decreasing mortality, hence providing an urgent need for development of novel therapeutics. Local delivery to the airways via inhalation is promising for novel drugs, because it allows for delivery directly to the target site of action and minimizes systemic drug exposure. In addition, novel drug modalities like RNA therapeutics provide entirely new opportunities for highly specific treatment of airway diseases. Here, we review state of the art of conventional inhaled drugs used for the treatment of COPD and asthma with focus on quality attributes of inhaled medicines, and we outline the therapeutic potential and safety of novel drugs. Subsequently, we present recent advances in manufacturing of thermostable solid dosage forms for pulmonary administration, important quality attributes of inhalable dry powder formulations, and obstacles for the translation of inhalable solid dosage forms to the clinic. Delivery challenges for inhaled RNA therapeutics and delivery technologies used to overcome them are also discussed. Finally, we present future prospects of novel inhaled RNA-based therapeutics for treatment of obstructive airways diseases, and highlight major knowledge gaps, which require further investigation to advance RNA-based medicine towards the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.X.); (A.T.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Aneesh Thakur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.X.); (A.T.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yibang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.X.); (A.T.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (Y.X.); (A.T.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-3533-6402
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24
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Mahida RY, Scott A, Parekh D, Lugg ST, Belchamber KBR, Hardy RS, Matthay MA, Naidu B, Thickett DR. Assessment of Alveolar Macrophage Dysfunction Using an in vitro Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:737859. [PMID: 34660643 PMCID: PMC8511446 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.737859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Impaired alveolar macrophage (AM) efferocytosis may contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathogenesis; however, studies are limited by the difficulty in obtaining primary AMs from patients with ARDS. Our objective was to determine whether an in vitro model of ARDS can recapitulate the same AM functional defect observed in vivo and be used to further investigate pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods: AMs were isolated from the lung tissue of patients undergoing lobectomy and then treated with pooled bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid previously collected from patients with ARDS. AM phenotype and effector functions (efferocytosis and phagocytosis) were assessed by flow cytometry. Rac1 gene expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: ARDS BAL treatment of AMs decreased efferocytosis (p = 0.0006) and Rac1 gene expression (p = 0.016); however, bacterial phagocytosis was preserved. Expression of AM efferocytosis receptors MerTK (p = 0.015) and CD206 (p = 0.006) increased, whereas expression of the antiefferocytosis receptor SIRPα decreased following ARDS BAL treatment (p = 0.036). Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibition partially restored AM efferocytosis in an in vitro model of ARDS (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Treatment of lung resection tissue AMs with ARDS BAL fluid induces impairment in efferocytosis similar to that observed in patients with ARDS. However, AM phagocytosis is preserved following ARDS BAL treatment. This specific impairment in AM efferocytosis can be partially restored by inhibition of ROCK. This in vitro model of ARDS is a useful tool to investigate the mechanisms by which the inflammatory alveolar microenvironment of ARDS induces AM dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Y. Mahida
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Rahul Y. Mahida
| | - Aaron Scott
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dhruv Parekh
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian T. Lugg
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kylie B. R. Belchamber
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rowan S. Hardy
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and of Anaesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Babu Naidu
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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25
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Li Y, Yong YL, Yang M, Wang W, Qu X, Dang X, Shang D, Shao Y, Liu J, Chang Y. Fine particulate matter inhibits phagocytosis of macrophages by disturbing autophagy. FASEB J 2020; 34:16716-16735. [PMID: 33124742 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000657r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies has revealed marked correlations between the air pollutant fine particulate matter (FPM) and respiratory diseases. FPM reaches distal airways and deposits in alveolar regions where it can act directly on alveolar macrophages. However, the detailed effect of FPM on the physiological function of alveolar macrophages and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we showed that exposing THP-1-derived macrophages to FPM led to autophagy dysfunction. FPM activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway, which promoted the expression of autophagy-related 2A (ATG2A) and reactive oxygen species generation. The overexpression of ATG2A enhanced the synthesis of autophagic membranes, and the excessive production of reactive oxygen species caused autophagy flux inhibition through disrupting the lysosomal activity. More importantly, FPM impaired the phagocytic ability of macrophages on Escherichia coli and apoptotic neutrophils. Finally, we showed that restoring autophagy rescued the impairment of phagocytic ability induced by FPM. In summary, these results reveal the molecular mechanism of autophagy dysfunction caused by FPM and provide a novel approach to resolve the impaired function of macrophages in respiratory diseases induced by FPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Le Yong
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Menglin Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomin Dang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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26
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Ritchie AI, Wedzicha JA. Definition, Causes, Pathogenesis, and Consequences of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations. Clin Chest Med 2020; 41:421-438. [PMID: 32800196 PMCID: PMC7423341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Ritchie
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Guy Scadding Building, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6JY, United Kingdom
| | - Jadwiga A Wedzicha
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Guy Scadding Building, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6JY, United Kingdom.
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27
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Lo Bello F, Hansbro PM, Donovan C, Coppolino I, Mumby S, Adcock IM, Caramori G. New drugs under development for COPD. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2020; 25:419-431. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2020.1819982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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28
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De Maeyer RPH, van de Merwe RC, Louie R, Bracken OV, Devine OP, Goldstein DR, Uddin M, Akbar AN, Gilroy DW. Blocking elevated p38 MAPK restores efferocytosis and inflammatory resolution in the elderly. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:615-625. [PMID: 32251403 PMCID: PMC7983074 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increasing age alters innate immune-mediated responses; however, the mechanisms underpinning these changes in humans are not fully understood. Using a human dermal model of acute inflammation, we found that, although inflammatory onset is similar between young and elderly individuals, the resolution phase was substantially impaired in elderly individuals. This arose from a reduction in T cell immunoglobulin mucin receptor-4 (TIM-4), a phosphatidylserine receptor expressed on macrophages that enables the engulfment of apoptotic bodies, so-called efferocytosis. Reduced TIM-4 in elderly individuals was caused by an elevation in macrophage p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity. Administering an orally active p38 inhibitor to elderly individuals rescued TIM-4 expression, cleared apoptotic bodies and restored a macrophage resolution phenotype. Thus, inhibiting p38 in elderly individuals rejuvenated their resolution response to be more similar to that of younger people. This is the first resolution defect identified in humans that has been successfully reversed, thereby highlighting the tractability of targeting pro-resolution biology to treat diseases driven by chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rikah Louie
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Oliver P Devine
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mohib Uddin
- Respiratory Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arne N Akbar
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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29
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Finney LJ, Belchamber KBR, Fenwick PS, Kemp SV, Edwards MR, Mallia P, Donaldson G, Johnston SL, Donnelly LE, Wedzicha JA. Human Rhinovirus Impairs the Innate Immune Response to Bacteria in Alveolar Macrophages in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 199:1496-1507. [PMID: 30562053 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1095oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Secondary bacterial infection is associated with more severe symptoms and delayed recovery. Alveolar macrophages clear bacteria from the lung and maintain lung homeostasis through cytokine secretion. These processes are defective in COPD. The effect of HRV on macrophage function is unknown. Objectives: To investigate the effect of HRV on phagocytosis and cytokine response to bacteria by alveolar macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) in COPD and healthy control subjects. Methods: Alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoscopy and MDM by adherence. Macrophages were exposed to HRV16 (multiplicity of infection 5), polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) 30 μg/ml, IFN-β 10 μg/ml, IFN-γ 10 μg/ml, or medium control for 24 hours. Phagocytosis of fluorescently labeled Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae was assessed by fluorimetry. CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-6, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), and IL-10 release was measured by ELISA. Measurements and Main Results: HRV significantly impaired phagocytosis of H. influenzae by 23% in MDM (n = 37; P = 0.004) and 18% in alveolar macrophages (n = 20; P < 0.0001) in COPD. HRV also significantly reduced phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae by 33% in COPD MDM (n = 20; P = 0.0192). There was no effect in healthy control subjects. Phagocytosis of H. influenzae was also impaired by poly I:C but not IFN-β or IFN-γ in COPD MDM. HRV significantly reduced cytokine responses to H. influenzae. The IL-10 response to H. influenzae was significantly impaired by poly I:C, IFN-β, and IFN-γ in COPD cells. Conclusions: HRV impairs phagocytosis of bacteria in COPD, which may lead to an outgrowth of bacteria. HRV also impairs cytokine responses to bacteria via the TLR3/IFN pathway, which may prevent resolution of inflammation leading to prolonged exacerbations in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia J Finney
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kylie B R Belchamber
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Peter S Fenwick
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Samuel V Kemp
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and.,2 Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Edwards
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Patrick Mallia
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gavin Donaldson
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sebastian L Johnston
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Jadwiga A Wedzicha
- 1 COPD and Asthma Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
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30
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Belchamber KBR, Donnelly LE. Targeting defective pulmonary innate immunity - A new therapeutic option? Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107500. [PMID: 32061706 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary conditions now account for 1 in 15 deaths in the US and mortality is increasing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is due to become the 3rd largest cause of mortality by 2030 and mortality from other respiratory conditions such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cystic fibrosis are not reducing. There is an urgent need for novel therapies to address this problem as many of the current strategies targeting inflammation are not sufficient. The innate immune system of the lung is an important defence against invading pathogens, but in many chronic pulmonary diseases, this system mounts an inappropriate response. In COPD, macrophages are increased in number, but fail to clear pathogens correctly and become highly activated. This leads to increased damage and remodelling of the airways. In idiopathic fibrosis, there is a switch of macrophage phenotype to a cell that promotes abnormal repair. Neutrophils also display dysfunction in COPD where aberrant migratory profiles may lead to increased damage to lung tissue and emphysema; while in cystic fibrosis the proteolytic lung environment damages neutrophil receptors leading to ineffective phagocytosis and migration. Targeting the innate immune system to restore 'normal function' could have enormous benefits. Improving phagocytosis of pathogens could reduce exacerbations and hence the associated decline in lung function, and novel therapeutics such as sulforaphane appear to do this in vitro. Other natural products such as resveratrol and derivatives also have anti-inflammatory properties. Statins have traditionally been used to manage cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolaemia, however these molecules also have beneficial effects on the innate immune cells. Statins have been shown to be anti-inflammatory and restore aberrant neutrophil chemotaxis in aged cells. Other possible agents that may be efficacious are senolytics. These compounds include natural products such as quercetin which have anti-inflammatory properties but can also suppress viral replication. As viruses have been shown to suppress phagocytosis of macrophages, it is possible that these compounds could have benefit during viral exacerbations to protect this innate response. These compounds demonstrate that it is possible to address defective innate responses in the lung but a better understanding of the mechanisms driving defective innate immunity in pulmonary disease may lead to improved therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie B R Belchamber
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
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31
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Zhang XF, Ding MJ, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Xiang SY, Lu J, Liu ZB. Andrographolide attenuates oxidative stress injury in cigarette smoke extract exposed macrophages through inhibiting SIRT1/ERK signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:106230. [PMID: 32032850 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide (AG), an ingredient extracted from traditional Chinese herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata, has been demonstrated to have potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether and how AG attenuated CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 cells (a mouse macrophages line). The results showed that AG significantly reduced CSE-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β) in the RAW 264.7 cells. AG inhibited CSE-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevented the reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, indicating the anti-oxidative stress effects of AG in macrophages. AG also improved mitochondrial function and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, AG inhibited CSE-induced increase of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-12. Moreover, AG increased SIRT1 transcription and expression, suggesting AG inhibits mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress via a SIRT1 dependent signaling. We also demonstrated that AG inhibited CSE-induced ERK phosphorylation, and treatment with PD980589, a ERK inhibitor, reversed CSE-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. These results indicated that AG may prevent COPD via the inhibition of SIRT1/ERK signaling pathway, and subsequently inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Zhang
- Physiology Department, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Ming-Jing Ding
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia 204000, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Shui-Ying Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Zi-Bing Liu
- Physiology Department, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China; College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China.
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32
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Belchamber KBR, Singh R, Batista CM, Whyte MK, Dockrell DH, Kilty I, Robinson MJ, Wedzicha JA, Barnes PJ, Donnelly LE. Defective bacterial phagocytosis is associated with dysfunctional mitochondria in COPD macrophages. Eur Respir J 2019; 54:13993003.02244-2018. [PMID: 31320451 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02244-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study examined the effect of exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress on macrophage phagocytosis in patients with COPD.Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were generated from non-smoker, smoker and COPD subjects, differentiated in either granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (G-Mφ) or macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-Mφ). Alveolar macrophages were isolated from lung tissue or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Macrophages were incubated in ±200 µM H2O2 for 24 h, then exposed to fluorescently labelled Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae for 4 h, after which phagocytosis, mitochondrial ROS (mROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured.Phagocytosis of bacteria was significantly decreased in both G-Mφ and M-Mφ from COPD patients compared with from non-smoker controls. In non-smokers and smokers, bacterial phagocytosis did not alter mROS or ΔΨm; however, in COPD, phagocytosis increased early mROS and decreased ΔΨm in both G-Mφ and M-Mφ. Exogenous oxidative stress reduced phagocytosis in non-smoker and COPD alveolar macrophages and non-smoker MDMs, associated with reduced mROS production.COPD macrophages show defective phagocytosis, which is associated with altered mitochondrial function and an inability to regulate mROS production. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction may restore the phagocytic defect in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie B R Belchamber
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richa Singh
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Craig M Batista
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Moira K Whyte
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David H Dockrell
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Iain Kilty
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jadwiga A Wedzicha
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Galvão I, Athayde RM, Perez DA, Reis AC, Rezende L, de Oliveira VLS, Rezende BM, Gonçalves WA, Sousa LP, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. ROCK Inhibition Drives Resolution of Acute Inflammation by Enhancing Neutrophil Apoptosis. Cells 2019; 8:E964. [PMID: 31450835 PMCID: PMC6769994 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation leads to tissue damage and it is central for the development of chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. An acute inflammatory response is finely regulated by the action of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive mediators, culminating in the resolution of inflammation and restoration of homeostasis. There are few studies investigating intracellular signaling pathways associated with the resolution of inflammation. Here, we investigate the role of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), a serine/threonine kinase, in a model of self-resolving neutrophilic inflammatory. We show that ROCK activity, evaluated by P-MYPT-1 kinetics, was higher during the peak of lipopolysaccharide-induced neutrophil influx in the pleural cavity of mice. ROCK inhibition by treatment with Y-27632 decreased the accumulation of neutrophils in the pleural cavity and was associated with an increase in apoptotic events and efferocytosis, as evaluated by an in vivo assay. In a model of gout, treatment with Y-27632 reduced neutrophil accumulation, IL-1β levels and hypernociception in the joint. These were associated with reduced MYPT and IκBα phosphorylation levels and increased apoptosis. Finally, inhibition of ROCK activity also induced apoptosis in human neutrophils and destabilized cytoskeleton, extending the observed effects to human cells. Taken together, these data show that inhibition of the ROCK pathway might represent a potential therapeutic target for neutrophilic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Galvão
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rayssa M Athayde
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Denise A Perez
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Alesandra C Reis
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luisa Rezende
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vivian Louise S de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Rezende
- Departamento de Enfermagem Básica, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - William A Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 312701-901, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
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Sapey E, Bafadhel M, Bolton CE, Wilkinson T, Hurst JR, Quint JK. Building toolkits for COPD exacerbations: lessons from the past and present. Thorax 2019; 74:898-905. [PMID: 31273049 PMCID: PMC6824608 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-213035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the nineteenth century, it was recognised that acute attacks of chronic bronchitis were harmful. 140 years later, it is clearer than ever that exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) are important events. They are associated with significant mortality, morbidity, a reduced quality of life and an increasing reliance on social care. ECOPD are common and are increasing in prevalence. Exacerbations beget exacerbations, with up to a quarter of in-patient episodes ending with readmission to hospital within 30 days. The healthcare costs are immense. Yet despite this, the tools available to diagnose and treat ECOPD are essentially unchanged, with the last new intervention (non-invasive ventilation) introduced over 25 years ago.An ECOPD is 'an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms that results in additional therapy'. This symptom and healthcare utility-based definition does not describe pathology and is unable to differentiate from other causes of an acute deterioration in breathlessness with or without a cough and sputum. There is limited understanding of the host immune response during an acute event and no reliable and readily available means to identify aetiology or direct treatment at the point of care (POC). Corticosteroids, short acting bronchodilators with or without antibiotics have been the mainstay of treatment for over 30 years. This is in stark contrast to many other acute presentations of chronic illness, where specific biomarkers and mechanistic understanding has revolutionised care pathways. So why has progress been so slow in ECOPD? This review examines the history of diagnosing and treating ECOPD. It suggests that to move forward, there needs to be an acceptance that not all exacerbations are alike (just as not all COPD is alike) and that clinical presentation alone cannot identify aetiology or stratify treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mona Bafadhel
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlotte Emma Bolton
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Respiratory BRU, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Thomas Wilkinson
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John R Hurst
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, UCL Medical School, London, UK
| | - Jennifer K Quint
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Jasper AE, McIver WJ, Sapey E, Walton GM. Understanding the role of neutrophils in chronic inflammatory airway disease. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31069060 PMCID: PMC6489989 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18411.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway neutrophilia is a common feature of many chronic inflammatory lung diseases and is associated with disease progression, often regardless of the initiating cause. Neutrophils and their products are thought to be key mediators of the inflammatory changes in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and have been shown to cause many of the pathological features associated with disease, including emphysema and mucus hypersecretion. Patients with COPD also have high rates of bacterial colonisation and recurrent infective exacerbations, suggesting that neutrophil host defence mechanisms are impaired, a concept supported by studies showing alterations to neutrophil migration, degranulation and reactive oxygen species production in cells isolated from patients with COPD. Although the role of neutrophils is best described in COPD, many of the pathological features of this disease are not unique to COPD and also feature in other chronic inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, cystic fibrosis, alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency, and bronchiectasis. There is increasing evidence for immune cell dysfunction contributing to inflammation in many of these diseases, focusing interest on the neutrophil as a key driver of pulmonary inflammation and a potential therapeutic target than spans diseases. This review discusses the evidence for neutrophilic involvement in COPD and also considers their roles in alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency, bronchiectasis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis. We provide an in-depth assessment of the role of the neutrophil in each of these conditions, exploring recent advances in understanding, and finally discussing the possibility of common mechanisms across diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Jasper
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, UK, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - William J McIver
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, UK, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, UK, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Georgia M Walton
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, UK, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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36
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Bowdish DM. The Aging Lung. Chest 2019; 155:391-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Erriah M, Pabreja K, Fricker M, Baines KJ, Donnelly LE, Bylund J, Karlsson A, Simpson JL. Galectin-3 enhances monocyte-derived macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic granulocytes in asthma. Respir Res 2019; 20:1. [PMID: 30606211 PMCID: PMC6318889 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectin-3 is a 32 kDa protein secreted by macrophages involved in processes such as cell activation, chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Galectin-3 has previously been shown to improve the ability of airway macrophages to ingest apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may be of interest in non-eosinophilic asthma (NEA) which is also characterised by impaired efferocytosis. It was hypothesised that the addition of exogenous galectin-3 to monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) derived from donors with NEA would enhance their ability to engulf apoptotic granulocytes. METHODS Eligible non-smoking adults with asthma (n = 19), including 7 with NEA and healthy controls (n = 10) underwent a clinical assessment, venepuncture and sputum induction. MDMs were co-cultured with apoptotic granulocytes isolated from healthy donors with or without exogenous recombinant galectin-3 (50 μg/mL) and efferocytosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Galectin-3 expression and localisation in MDMs was visualised by immunofluorescence staining and fluorescence microscopy. Galectin-3, interleukin (IL)-6 and CXCL8 secretion were measured in cell culture supernatants by ELISA and cytometric bead array. RESULTS Baseline efferocytosis (mean (±standard deviation)) was lower in participants with asthma (33.2 (±17.7)%) compared with healthy controls (45.3 (±15.9)%; p = 0.081). Efferocytosis did not differ between the participants with eosinophilic asthma (EA) (31.4 (±19.2)%) and NEA (28.7 (±21.5)%; p = 0.748). Addition of galectin-3 significantly improved efferocytosis in asthma, particularly in NEA (37.8 (±18.1)%) compared with baseline (30.4 (±19.7)%; p = 0.012). Efferocytosis was not associated with any of the clinical outcomes but was negatively correlated with sputum macrophage numbers (Spearman r = - 0.671; p = 0.017). Galectin-3 was diffusely distributed in most MDMs but formed punctate structures in 5% of MDMs. MDM galectin-3 secretion was lower in asthma (9.99 (2.67, 15.48) ng/mL) compared with the healthy controls (20.72 (11.28, 27.89) ng/mL; p = 0.044) while IL-6 and CXCL8 levels were similar. CONCLUSIONS Galectin-3 modulates macrophage function in asthma, indicating a potential role for galectin-3 to reverse impaired efferocytosis in NEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Erriah
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kavita Pabreja
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Johan Bylund
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jodie L Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
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de Groot LES, van der Veen TA, Martinez FO, Hamann J, Lutter R, Melgert BN. Oxidative stress and macrophages: driving forces behind exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L369-L384. [PMID: 30520687 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00456.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common feature of obstructive airway diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung macrophages are key innate immune cells that can generate oxidants and are known to display aberrant polarization patterns and defective phagocytic responses in these diseases. Whether these characteristics are linked in one way or another and whether they contribute to the onset and severity of exacerbations in asthma and COPD remain poorly understood. Insight into oxidative stress, macrophages, and their interactions may be important in fully understanding acute worsening of lung disease. This review therefore highlights the current state of the art regarding the role of oxidative stress and macrophages in exacerbations of asthma and COPD. It shows that oxidative stress can attenuate macrophage function, which may result in impaired responses toward exacerbating triggers and may contribute to exaggerated inflammation in the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey E S de Groot
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - T Anienke van der Veen
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Fernando O Martinez
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford , United Kingdom
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - René Lutter
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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Metabolomics and transcriptomics pathway approach reveals outcome-specific perturbations in COPD. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17132. [PMID: 30459441 PMCID: PMC6244246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comprises multiple phenotypes such as airflow obstruction, emphysema, and frequent episodes of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms, known as exacerbations. The goal of this pilot study was to test the usefulness of unbiased metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches to delineate biological pathways associated with COPD phenotypes and outcomes. Blood was collected from 149 current or former smokers with or without COPD and separated into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plasma. PBMCs and plasma were analyzed using microarray and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively. Statistically significant transcripts and compounds were mapped to pathways using IMPaLA. Results showed that glycerophospholipid metabolism was associated with worse airflow obstruction and more COPD exacerbations. Sphingolipid metabolism was associated with worse lung function outcomes and exacerbation severity requiring hospitalizations. The strongest associations between a pathway and a certain COPD outcome were: fat digestion and absorption and T cell receptor signaling with lung function outcomes; antigen processing with exacerbation frequency; arginine and proline metabolism with exacerbation severity; and oxidative phosphorylation with emphysema. Overlaying transcriptomic and metabolomics datasets across pathways enabled outcome and phenotypic differences to be determined. Findings are relevant for identifying molecular targets for animal intervention studies and early intervention markers in human cohorts.
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40
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Butler A, Walton GM, Sapey E. Neutrophilic Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2018; 15:392-404. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2018.1476475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Butler
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgia May Walton
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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41
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Tang F, Ling C, Liu J. Reduced expression of growth differentiation factor 11 promoted the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating the AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:691-698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Guan R, Wang J, Li Z, Ding M, Li D, Xu G, Wang T, Chen Y, Yang Q, Long Z, Cai Z, Zhang C, Liang X, Dong L, Zhao L, Zhang H, Sun D, Lu W. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Decreases Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Blocking the Activation of MAPK/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:263. [PMID: 29765317 PMCID: PMC5938387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is frequently encountered and promotes oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated whether sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, can mediate its effect through inhibiting HIF-1α–induced oxidative stress and inflammation in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD in mice. Here, we found that STS improved pulmonary function, ameliorated emphysema and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lungs of CS-exposed mice. STS reduced CS- and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the lungs and macrophages. STS also inhibited CSE-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as the upregulation of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, NOX1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in macrophages. In addition, STS suppressed HIF-1α expression in vivo and in vitro, and pretreatment with HIF-1α siRNA reduced CSE-induced elevation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and HO-1 content in the macrophages. Moreover, we found that STS inhibited CSE-induced the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK in macrophages, and inhibition of these signaling molecules significantly repressed CSE-induced HIF-1α expression. It indicated that STS inhibits CSE-induced HIF-1α expression likely by blocking MAPK signaling. Furthermore, STS also promoted HIF-1α protein degradation in CSE-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that STS prevents COPD development possibly through the inhibition of HIF-1α signaling, and may be a novel strategy for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Guan
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjing Ding
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Defu Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Long
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Cai
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Liang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Dong
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dejun Sun
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Defining features of chronic airway diseases include abnormal and persistent inflammatory processes, impaired airway epithelial integrity and function, and increased susceptibility to recurrent respiratory infections. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) are lipid kinases, which contribute to multiple physiological and pathological processes within the airway, with abnormal PI3K signalling contributing to the pathogenesis of several respiratory diseases. Consequently, the potential benefit of targeting PI3K isoforms has received considerable attention, being viewed as a viable therapeutic option in inflammatory and infectious lung disorders. The class I PI3K isoform, PI3Kδ (Phosphoinositide 3-kinases δ) is of particular interest given its multiple roles in modulating innate and adaptive immune cell functions, airway inflammation and corticosteroid sensitivity. In this mini-review, we explore the role of PI3Kδ in airway inflammation and infection, focusing on oxidative stress, ER stress, histone deacetylase 2 and neutrophil function. We also describe the importance of PI3Kδ in adaptive immune cell function, as highlighted by the recently described Activated PI3K Delta Syndrome, and draw attention to some of the potential clinical applications and benefits of targeting this molecule.
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Dysregulated Functions of Lung Macrophage Populations in COPD. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:2349045. [PMID: 29670919 PMCID: PMC5835245 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2349045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a diverse respiratory disease characterised by bronchiolitis, small airway obstruction, and emphysema. Innate immune cells play a pivotal role in the disease's progression, and in particular, lung macrophages exploit their prevalence and strategic localisation to orchestrate immune responses. To date, alveolar and interstitial resident macrophages as well as blood monocytes have been described in the lungs of patients with COPD contributing to disease pathology by changes in their functional repertoire. In this review, we summarise recent evidence from human studies and work with animal models of COPD with regard to altered functions of each of these myeloid cell populations. We primarily focus on the dysregulated capacity of alveolar macrophages to secrete proinflammatory mediators and proteases, induce oxidative stress, engulf microbes and apoptotic cells, and express surface and intracellular markers in patients with COPD. In addition, we discuss the differences in the responses between alveolar macrophages and interstitial macrophages/monocytes in the disease and propose how the field should advance to better understand the implications of lung macrophage functions in COPD.
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Yamasaki K, Eeden SFV. Lung Macrophage Phenotypes and Functional Responses: Role in the Pathogenesis of COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E582. [PMID: 29462886 PMCID: PMC5855804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophages (LMs) are essential immune effector cells that are pivotal in both innate and adaptive immune responses to inhaled foreign matter. They either reside within the airways and lung tissues (from early life) or are derived from blood monocytes. Similar to macrophages in other organs and tissues, LMs have natural plasticity and can change phenotype and function depending largely on the microenvironment they reside in. Phenotype changes in lung tissue macrophages have been implicated in chronic inflammatory responses and disease progression of various chronic lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). LMs have a wide variety of functional properties that include phagocytosis (inorganic particulate matter and organic particles, such as viruses/bacteria/fungi), the processing of phagocytosed material, and the production of signaling mediators. Functioning as janitors of the airways, they also play a key role in removing dead and dying cells, as well as cell debris (efferocytic functions). We herein review changes in LM phenotypes during chronic lung disease, focusing on COPD, as well as changes in their functional properties as a result of such shifts. Targeting molecular pathways involved in LM phenotypic shifts could potentially allow for future targeted therapeutic interventions in several diseases, such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yamasaki
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z1Y6, Canada.
| | - Stephan F van Eeden
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z1Y6, Canada.
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Liang X, Wang J, Guan R, Zhao L, Li D, Long Z, Yang Q, Xu J, Wang Z, Xie J, Lu W. Limax extract ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:210-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Jubrail J, Kurian N, Niedergang F. Macrophage phagocytosis cracking the defect code in COPD. Biomed J 2017; 40:305-312. [PMID: 29433833 PMCID: PMC6138611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the normal non-diseased lung, various macrophage populations maintain homeostasis and sterility by ingesting and clearing inhaled particulates, pathogens and apoptotic cells from the local environment. This process of phagocytosis leads to the degradation of the internalized material, coordinated induction of gene expression, antigen presentation and cytokine production, implicating phagocytosis as a central regulator of innate immunity. Phagocytosis is extremely efficient and any perturbation of this function is deleterious. In inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), despite their increased numbers, macrophages demonstrate significantly reduced phagocytic capacity of bacteria and apoptotic cells. This defect could play a role in dysbiosis of the lung microbiome contributing to disease pathophysiology. In this review, we will discuss lung macrophages, describe phagocytosis and its related downstream processes and the reported phagocytosis defects in COPD. Finally, we will briefly examine current strategies that focus on restoring the phagocytic capabilities of lung macrophages that may have utility in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Jubrail
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nisha Kurian
- AstraZeneca, Precision Medicine & Genomics, RIA Companion Diagnostics Unit, Sweden
| | - Florence Niedergang
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Zhang P, Xin X, Fang L, Jiang H, Xu X, Su X, Shi Y. HMGB1 mediates Aspergillus fumigatus -induced inflammatory response in alveolar macrophages of COPD mice via activating MyD88/NF-κB and syk/PI3K signalings. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 53:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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