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Wai T. Is mitochondrial morphology important for cellular physiology? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00123-1. [PMID: 38866638 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles the network morphology of which in cells is shaped by opposing events of fusion and fission executed by dynamin-like GTPases. Mutations in these genes can perturb the form and functions of mitochondria in cell and animal models of mitochondrial diseases. An expanding array of chemical, mechanical, and genetic stressors can converge on mitochondrial-shaping proteins and disrupt mitochondrial morphology. In recent years, studies aimed at disentangling the multiple roles of mitochondrial-shaping proteins beyond fission or fusion have provided insights into the homeostatic relevance of mitochondrial morphology. Here, I review the pleiotropy of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins with the aim of understanding whether mitochondrial morphology is important for cell and tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Wai
- Institut Pasteur, Mitochondrial Biology, CNRS UMR 3691, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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2
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García-Peña LM, Abel ED, Pereira RO. Mitochondrial Dynamics, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Diabetes 2024; 73:151-161. [PMID: 38241507 PMCID: PMC10796300 DOI: 10.2337/dbi23-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria undergo repeated cycles of fusion and fission that regulate their size and shape by a process known as mitochondrial dynamics. Numerous studies have revealed the importance of this process in maintaining mitochondrial health and cellular homeostasis, particularly in highly metabolically active tissues such as skeletal muscle and the heart. Here, we review the literature on the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly, we emphasize divergent outcomes resulting from downregulating distinct mitochondrial dynamics proteins in various tissues. This review underscores compensatory mechanisms and adaptive pathways that offset potentially detrimental effects, resulting instead in improved metabolic health. Finally, we offer a perspective on potential therapeutic implications of modulating mitochondrial dynamics proteins for treatment of diabetes and CVD. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel García-Peña
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Renata O. Pereira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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3
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Pekson R, Liang FG, Axelrod JL, Lee J, Qin D, Wittig AJH, Paulino VM, Zheng M, Peixoto PM, Kitsis RN. The mitochondrial ATP synthase is a negative regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303713120. [PMID: 38091291 PMCID: PMC10743364 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303713120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose sustained opening in response to elevated mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ concentrations triggers necrotic cell death. The molecular identity of mPTP is unknown. One proposed candidate is the mitochondrial ATP synthase, whose canonical function is to generate most ATP in multicellular organisms. Here, we present mitochondrial, cellular, and in vivo evidence that, rather than serving as mPTP, the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibits this pore. Our studies confirm previous work showing persistence of mPTP in HAP1 cell lines lacking an assembled mitochondrial ATP synthase. Unexpectedly, however, we observe that Ca2+-induced pore opening is markedly sensitized by loss of the mitochondrial ATP synthase. Further, mPTP opening in cells lacking the mitochondrial ATP synthase is desensitized by pharmacological inhibition and genetic depletion of the mitochondrial cis-trans prolyl isomerase cyclophilin D as in wild-type cells, indicating that cyclophilin D can modulate mPTP through substrates other than subunits in the assembled mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mitoplast patch clamping studies showed that mPTP channel conductance was unaffected by loss of the mitochondrial ATP synthase but still blocked by cyclophilin D inhibition. Cardiac mitochondria from mice whose heart muscle cells we engineered deficient in the mitochondrial ATP synthase also demonstrate sensitization of Ca2+-induced mPTP opening and desensitization by cyclophilin D inhibition. Further, these mice exhibit strikingly larger myocardial infarctions when challenged with ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. We conclude that the mitochondrial ATP synthase does not function as mPTP and instead negatively regulates this pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Pekson
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Felix G. Liang
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Joshua L. Axelrod
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Dongze Qin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Andre J. H. Wittig
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Victor M. Paulino
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Pablo M. Peixoto
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College and Program in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY10010
| | - Richard N. Kitsis
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
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Hernandez-Resendiz S, Prakash A, Loo SJ, Semenzato M, Chinda K, Crespo-Avilan GE, Dam LC, Lu S, Scorrano L, Hausenloy DJ. Targeting mitochondrial shape: at the heart of cardioprotection. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:49. [PMID: 37955687 PMCID: PMC10643419 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
There remains an unmet need to identify novel therapeutic strategies capable of protecting the myocardium against the detrimental effects of acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size and prevent the onset of heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this regard, perturbations in mitochondrial morphology with an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and fission can disrupt mitochondrial metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species production, factors which are all known to be critical determinants of cardiomyocyte death following acute myocardial IRI. As such, therapeutic approaches directed at preserving the morphology and functionality of mitochondria may provide an important strategy for cardioprotection. In this article, we provide an overview of the alterations in mitochondrial morphology which occur in response to acute myocardial IRI, and highlight the emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondrial shape to preserve mitochondrial function which have the future therapeutic potential to improve health outcomes in patients presenting with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauri Hernandez-Resendiz
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aishwarya Prakash
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Jie Loo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kroekkiat Chinda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Gustavo E Crespo-Avilan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Linh Chi Dam
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengjie Lu
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore.
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.
- University College London, The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, London, UK.
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5
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Tokuyama T, Yanagi S. Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1876. [PMID: 37895224 PMCID: PMC10606177 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion processes, are essential for heart health. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, maintain their integrity through continuous cycles of biogenesis, fission, fusion, and degradation. Mitochondria are relatively immobile in the adult heart, but their morphological changes due to mitochondrial morphology factors are critical for cellular functions such as energy production, organelle integrity, and stress response. Mitochondrial fusion proteins, particularly Mfn1/2 and Opa1, play multiple roles beyond their pro-fusion effects, such as endoplasmic reticulum tethering, mitophagy, cristae remodeling, and apoptosis regulation. On the other hand, the fission process, regulated by proteins such as Drp1, Fis1, Mff and MiD49/51, is essential to eliminate damaged mitochondria via mitophagy and to ensure proper cell division. In the cardiac system, dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics has been shown to cause cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and various cardiac diseases, including metabolic and inherited cardiomyopathies. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress has been implicated in atherosclerosis, hypertension and pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, understanding and regulating mitochondrial dynamics is a promising therapeutic tool in cardiac diseases. This review summarizes the role of mitochondrial morphology in heart diseases for each mitochondrial morphology regulatory gene, and their potential as therapeutic targets to heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tokuyama
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yanagi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Mejiro, Tokyo 171-0031, Japan;
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Rocca C, Soda T, De Francesco EM, Fiorillo M, Moccia F, Viglietto G, Angelone T, Amodio N. Mitochondrial dysfunction at the crossroad of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:635. [PMID: 37726810 PMCID: PMC10507834 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates the existence of a complex pathophysiological relationship between cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Mitochondria are crucial organelles whose optimal activity is determined by quality control systems, which regulate critical cellular events, ranging from intermediary metabolism and calcium signaling to mitochondrial dynamics, cell death and mitophagy. Emerging data indicate that impaired mitochondrial quality control drives myocardial dysfunction occurring in several heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, ischaemia/reperfusion damage and metabolic cardiomyopathies. On the other hand, diverse human cancers also dysregulate mitochondrial quality control to promote their initiation and progression, suggesting that modulating mitochondrial homeostasis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy both in cardiology and oncology. In this review, first we briefly introduce the physiological mechanisms underlying the mitochondrial quality control system, and then summarize the current understanding about the impact of dysregulated mitochondrial functions in cardiovascular diseases and cancer. We also discuss key mitochondrial mechanisms underlying the increased risk of cardiovascular complications secondary to the main current anticancer strategies, highlighting the potential of strategies aimed at alleviating mitochondrial impairment-related cardiac dysfunction and tumorigenesis. It is hoped that this summary can provide novel insights into precision medicine approaches to reduce cardiovascular and cancer morbidities and mortalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Rocca
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E and E.S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy.
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (I.N.R.C.), 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Barbero NM, Oller J, Sanz AB, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rayego-Mateos S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Cardio-Renal Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098209. [PMID: 37175915 PMCID: PMC10179675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of all-cause mortality increases from 20% to 500% in patients who suffer both conditions; this is referred to as the so-called cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). Preclinical studies have described the key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular and renal diseases, suggesting that maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising therapeutic strategy for CRS. In this review, we explore the malfunction of mitochondrial homeostasis (mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and mitophagy) and how it contributes to the development and progression of the main vascular pathologies that could be affected by kidney injury and vice versa, and how this knowledge may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mendez Barbero
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Yuan Y, Zhang XM. Mechanistic study of optic atrophy 1 in ischemia-reperfusion disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1-8. [PMID: 36418744 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria consist of the inner mitochondrial membrane and the outer mitochondrial membrane, which maintain mitochondrial homeostasis through continuous fission and fusion to ensure a healthy mitochondrial network and thus regulate normal cellular function, namely mitochondrial dynamics. The imbalance between mitochondrial fusion and fission results in abnormal mitochondrial structure and eventually mitochondrial dysfunction, which is involved in the pathological process of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a key protein that regulates mitochondrial inner membrane fusion and ensures normal mitochondrial function by balancing mitochondrial dynamics, participating in various processes such as mitochondrial fusion, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Ischemia-induced changes in mitochondrial dynamics may be a key factor in limiting the recanalization time window and exacerbating reperfusion injury, and the mechanisms of these changes deserve further attention. Therefore, targeting OPA1-related mitochondrial fusions, thereby balancing mitochondrial dynamics and improving mitochondrial dysfunction, is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia-reperfusion diseases. This review will elaborate on the structure and function of OPA1 and the role of OPA1 in IRI to provide promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yuan
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China. .,Sub-health institute Hubei university of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China. .,Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment by Acupuncture and Moxibustion Wuhan, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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9
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Werbner B, Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Fatahian AN, Boudina S. The dynamic interplay between cardiac mitochondrial health and myocardial structural remodeling in metabolic heart disease, aging, and heart failure. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2023; 3:9. [PMID: 36742465 PMCID: PMC9894375 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2022.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a holistic perspective on the bi-directional relationship between cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial structural remodeling in the context of metabolic heart disease, natural cardiac aging, and heart failure. First, a review of the physiologic and molecular drivers of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction across a range of increasingly prevalent conditions such as metabolic syndrome and cardiac aging is presented, followed by a general review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (QC) in the heart. Several important mechanisms by which cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction triggers or contributes to structural remodeling of the heart are discussed: accumulated metabolic byproducts, oxidative damage, impaired mitochondrial QC, and mitochondrial-mediated cell death identified as substantial mechanistic contributors to cardiac structural remodeling such as hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Subsequently, the less studied but nevertheless important reverse relationship is explored: the mechanisms by which cardiac structural remodeling feeds back to further alter mitochondrial bioenergetic function. We then provide a condensed pathogenesis of several increasingly important clinical conditions in which these relationships are central: diabetic cardiomyopathy, age-associated declines in cardiac function, and the progression to heart failure, with or without preserved ejection fraction. Finally, we identify promising therapeutic opportunities targeting mitochondrial function in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Werbner
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Amir Nima Fatahian
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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10
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Means RE, Katz SG. Balancing life and death: BCL-2 family members at diverse ER-mitochondrial contact sites. FEBS J 2022; 289:7075-7112. [PMID: 34668625 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The outer mitochondrial membrane is a busy place. One essential activity for cellular survival is the regulation of membrane integrity by the BCL-2 family of proteins. Another critical facet of the outer mitochondrial membrane is its close approximation with the endoplasmic reticulum. These mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) occupy a significant fraction of the mitochondrial surface and serve as key signaling hubs for multiple cellular processes. Each of these pathways may be considered as forming their own specialized MAM subtype. Interestingly, like membrane permeabilization, most of these pathways play critical roles in regulating cellular survival and death. Recently, the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family member BOK has been found within MAMs where it plays important roles in their structure and function. This has led to a greater appreciation that multiple BCL-2 family proteins, which are known to participate in numerous functions throughout the cell, also have roles within MAMs. In this review, we evaluate several MAM subsets, their role in cellular homeostasis, and the contribution of BCL-2 family members to their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Means
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Samuel G Katz
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Does Disruption of Optic Atrophy-1 (OPA1) Contribute to Cell Death in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes Subjected to Lethal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury? Cells 2022; 11:cells11193083. [PMID: 36231044 PMCID: PMC9564372 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of mitochondrial structure/function is well-recognized to be a determinant of cell death in cardiomyocytes subjected to lethal episodes of ischemia-reperfusion (IR). However, the precise mitochondrial event(s) that precipitate lethal IR injury remain incompletely resolved. Using the in vitro HL-1 cardiomyocyte model, our aims were to establish whether: (1) proteolytic processing of optic atrophy protein-1 (OPA1), the inner mitochondrial membrane protein responsible for maintaining cristae junction integrity, plays a causal, mechanistic role in determining cardiomyocyte fate in cells subjected to lethal IR injury; and (2) preservation of OPA1 may contribute to the well-documented cardioprotection achieved with ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and remote ischemic conditioning. We report that HL-1 cells subjected to 2.5 h of simulated ischemia displayed increased activity of OMA1 (the metalloprotease responsible for proteolytic processing of OPA1) during the initial 45 min following reoxygenation. This was accompanied by processing of mitochondrial OPA1 (i.e., cleavage to yield short-OPA1 peptides) and release of short-OPA1 into the cytosol. However, siRNA-mediated knockdown of OPA1 content did not exacerbate lethal IR injury, and did not attenuate the cardioprotection seen with IPC and a remote preconditioning stimulus, achieved by transfer of ‘reperfusate’ medium (TRM-IPC) in this cell culture model. Taken together, our results do not support the concept that maintenance of OPA1 integrity plays a mechanistic role in determining cell fate in the HL-1 cardiomyocyte model of lethal IR injury, or that preservation of OPA1 underlies the cardioprotection seen with ischemic conditioning.
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12
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Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning Protect the Heart by Preserving the Mitochondrial Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6889278. [PMID: 36203484 PMCID: PMC9532115 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6889278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Mitochondria fuse to form elongated networks which are more tolerable to stress and injury. Ischemic pre- and postconditioning (IPC and IPost, respectively) are established cardioprotective strategies in the preclinical setting. Whether IPC and IPost modulates mitochondrial morphology is unknown. We hypothesize that the protective effects of IPC and IPost may be conferred via preservation of mitochondrial network. Methods IPC and IPost were applied to the H9c2 rat myoblast cells, isolated adult primary murine cardiomyocytes, and the Langendorff-isolated perfused rat hearts. The effects of IPC and IPost on cardiac cell death following ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), mitochondrial morphology, and gene expression of mitochondrial-shaping proteins were investigated. Results IPC and IPost successfully reduced cardiac cell death and myocardial infarct size. IPC and IPost maintained the mitochondrial network in both H9c2 and isolated adult primary murine cardiomyocytes. 2D-length measurement of the 3 mitochondrial subpopulations showed that IPC and IPost significantly increased the length of interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM). Gene expression of the pro-fusion protein, Mfn1, was significantly increased by IPC, while the pro-fission protein, Drp1, was significantly reduced by IPost in the H9c2 cells. In the primary cardiomyocytes, gene expression of both Mfn1 and Mfn2 were significantly upregulated by IPC and IPost, while Drp1 was significantly downregulated by IPost. In the Langendorff-isolated perfused heart, gene expression of Drp1 was significantly downregulated by both IPC and IPost. Conclusion IPC and IPost-mediated upregulation of pro-fusion proteins (Mfn1 and Mfn2) and downregulation of pro-fission (Drp1) promote maintenance of the interconnected mitochondrial network, ultimately conferring cardioprotection against IRI.
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13
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Bai Y, Wu J, Yang Z, Wang X, Zhang D, Ma J. Mitochondrial quality control in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury: new insights into mechanisms and implications. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:33-51. [PMID: 35951200 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current effective method for the treatment of myocardial infarction is timely restoration of the blood supply to the ischemic area of the heart. Although reperfusion is essential for reestablishing oxygen and nutrient supplies, it often leads to additional myocardial damage, creating an important clinical dilemma. Reports from long-term studies have confirmed that mitochondrial damage is the critical mechanism in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondria are dynamic and possess a quality control system that targets mitochondrial quantity and quality by modifying mitochondrial fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis and protein homeostasis to maintain a healthy mitochondrial network. The system of mitochondrial quality control involves complex molecular machinery that is highly interconnected and associated with pathological changes such as oxidative stress, calcium overload, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Because of the critical role of the mitochondrial quality control systems, many reports have suggested that defects in this system are among the molecular mechanisms underlying myocardial reperfusion injury. In this review, we briefly summarize the important role of the mitochondrial quality control in cardiomyocyte function and focus on the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and molecular pathways involved in mitochondrial quality control in cardiac I/R damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu'an Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, No.2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Degechisa ST, Dabi YT, Gizaw ST. The mitochondrial associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes: A platform for the pathogenesis of inflammation-mediated metabolic diseases. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e647. [PMID: 35759226 PMCID: PMC9168553 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAM) are specialized subcellular compartments that are shaped by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) subdomains placed side by side to the outer membrane of mitochondria (OMM) being connected by tethering proteins in mammalian cells. Studies showed that MAM has multiple physiological functions. These include regulation of lipid synthesis and transport, Ca2+ transport and signaling, mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis, autophagy, and formation and activation of an inflammasome. However, alterations of MAM integrity lead to deleterious effects due to an increased generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) via increased Ca2+ transfer from the ER to mitochondria. This, in turn, causes mitochondrial damage and release of mitochondrial components into the cytosol as damage-associated molecular patterns which rapidly activate MAM-resident Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components. This complex induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that initiate low-grade chronic inflammation that subsequently causes the development of metabolic diseases. But, the mechanisms of how MAM is involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases are not exhaustively reviewed. Therefore, this review was aimed to highlight the contribution of MAM to a variety of cellular functions and consider its significance pertaining to the pathogenesis of inflammation-mediated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay T. Degechisa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of MedicineCollege of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesCollege of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch UniversityArba MinchEthiopia
| | - Yosef T. Dabi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of MedicineCollege of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
- Department of Medical Laboratory ScienceWollega UniversityNekemteEthiopia
| | - Solomon T. Gizaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of MedicineCollege of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
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15
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Lin J, Duan J, Wang Q, Xu S, Zhou S, Yao K. Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy in Cardiometabolic Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:917135. [PMID: 35783853 PMCID: PMC9247260 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.917135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in cellular metabolism. Mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) and mitophagy, are critical to mitochondrial function. Fusion allows organelles to share metabolites, proteins, and mitochondrial DNA, promoting complementarity between damaged mitochondria. Fission increases the number of mitochondria to ensure that they are passed on to their offspring during mitosis. Mitophagy is a process of selective removal of excess or damaged mitochondria that helps improve energy metabolism. Cardiometabolic disease is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, high production of reactive oxygen species, increased inflammatory response, and low levels of ATP. Cardiometabolic disease is closely related to mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. This paper reviewed the mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy (focus on MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, DRP1, and PINK1 proteins) and their roles in diabetic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Lin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong Duan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Xu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Zhou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuiwu Yao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Eye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kuiwu Yao
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16
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Uchikado Y, Ikeda Y, Ohishi M. Current Understanding of the Pivotal Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiovascular Diseases and Senescence. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:905072. [PMID: 35665261 PMCID: PMC9157625 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.905072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is dependent on ATP production in mitochondria, which is closely associated with cardiovascular disease because of the oxidative stress produced by mitochondria. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly change their morphology to elongated (fusion) or small and spherical (fission). These mitochondrial dynamics are regulated by various small GTPases, Drp1, Fis1, Mitofusin, and Opa1. Mitochondrial fission and fusion are essential to maintain a balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial turnover. Recent studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and senescence. Disruptions in mitochondrial dynamics affect mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte survival leading to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Mitochondrial dynamics and reactive oxygen species production have been associated with endothelial dysfunction, which in turn causes the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and even pulmonary hypertension, including pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Here, we review the association between cardiovascular diseases and mitochondrial dynamics, which may represent a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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17
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Morciano G, Rimessi A, Patergnani S, Vitto VAM, Danese A, Kahsay A, Palumbo L, Bonora M, Wieckowski MR, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Calcium dysregulation in heart diseases: Targeting calcium channels to achieve a correct calcium homeostasis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106119. [PMID: 35131483 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium signaling is a universal language source shared by the most part of biological entities inside cells that, all together, give rise to physiological and functional anatomical units, the organ. Although preferentially recognized as signaling between cell life and death processes, in the heart it assumes additional relevance considered the importance of calcium cycling coupled to ATP consumption in excitation-contraction coupling. The concerted action of a plethora of exchangers, channels and pumps inward and outward calcium fluxes where needed, to convert energy and electric impulses in muscle contraction. All this without realizing it, thousands of times, every day. An improper function of those proteins (i.e., variation in expression, mutations onset, dysregulated channeling, differential protein-protein interactions) being part of this signaling network triggers a short circuit with severe acute and chronic pathological consequences reported as arrhythmias, cardiac remodeling, heart failure, reperfusion injury and cardiomyopathies. By acting with chemical, peptide-based and pharmacological modulators of these players, a correction of calcium homeostasis can be achieved accompanied by an amelioration of clinical symptoms. This review will focus on all those defects in calcium homeostasis which occur in the most common cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, hypertrophy, heart failure and cardiomyopathies. This part will be introduced by the state of the art on the proteins involved in calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes and followed by the therapeutic treatments that to date, are able to target them and to revert the pathological phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Morciano
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, RA, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica A M Vitto
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Danese
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Asrat Kahsay
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Palumbo
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism. Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, RA, Italy.
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18
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PEG35 as a Preconditioning Agent against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031156. [PMID: 35163080 PMCID: PMC8834864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological conditioning is a protective strategy against ischemia/reperfusion injury, which occurs during liver resection and transplantation. Polyethylene glycols have shown multiple benefits in cell and organ preservation, including antioxidant capacity, edema prevention and membrane stabilization. Recently, polyethylene glycol 35 kDa (PEG35) preconditioning resulted in decreased hepatic injury and protected the mitochondria in a rat model of cold ischemia. Thus, the study aimed to decipher the mechanisms underlying PEG35 preconditioning-induced protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. A hypoxia/reoxygenation model using HepG2 cells was established to evaluate the effects of PEG35 preconditioning. Several parameters were assessed, including cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, ATP levels, protein content and gene expression to investigate autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. PEG35 preconditioning preserved the mitochondrial function by decreasing the excessive production of ROS and subsequent ATP depletion, as well as by recovering the membrane potential. Furthermore, PEG35 increased levels of autophagy-related proteins and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion. In conclusion, PEG35 preconditioning effectively ameliorates hepatic hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through the enhancement of autophagy and mitochondrial quality control. Therefore, PEG35 could be useful as a potential pharmacological tool for attenuating hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in clinical practice.
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19
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Beikoghli Kalkhoran S, Kararigas G. Oestrogenic Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031118. [PMID: 35163044 PMCID: PMC8834780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological sex influences disease development and progression. The steroid hormone 17β-oestradiol (E2), along with its receptors, is expected to play a major role in the manifestation of sex differences. E2 exerts pleiotropic effects in a system-specific manner. Mitochondria are one of the central targets of E2, and their biogenesis and respiration are known to be modulated by E2. More recently, it has become apparent that E2 also regulates mitochondrial fusion–fission dynamics, thereby affecting cellular metabolism. The aim of this article is to discuss the regulatory pathways by which E2 orchestrates the activity of several components of mitochondrial dynamics in the cardiovascular and nervous systems in health and disease. We conclude that E2 regulates mitochondrial dynamics to maintain the mitochondrial network promoting mitochondrial fusion and attenuating mitochondrial fission in both the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
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20
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Cartes-Saavedra B, Macuada J, Lagos D, Arancibia D, Andrés ME, Yu-Wai-Man P, Hajnóczky G, Eisner V. OPA1 Modulates Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uptake Through ER-Mitochondria Coupling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:774108. [PMID: 35047497 PMCID: PMC8762365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA), a disease that causes blindness and other neurological disorders, is linked to OPA1 mutations. OPA1, dependent on its GTPase and GED domains, governs inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) fusion and cristae organization, which are central to oxidative metabolism. Mitochondrial dynamics and IMM organization have also been implicated in Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling but the specific involvements of OPA1 in Ca2+ dynamics remain to be established. Here we studied the possible outcomes of OPA1 and its ADOA-linked mutations in Ca2+ homeostasis using rescue and overexpression strategies in Opa1-deficient and wild-type murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), respectively and in human ADOA-derived fibroblasts. MEFs lacking Opa1 required less Ca2+ mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to induce a mitochondrial matrix [Ca2+] rise ([Ca2+]mito). This was associated with closer ER-mitochondria contacts and no significant changes in the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex. Patient cells carrying OPA1 GTPase or GED domain mutations also exhibited altered Ca2+ homeostasis, and the mutations associated with lower OPA1 levels displayed closer ER-mitochondria gaps. Furthermore, in Opa1 -/- MEF background, we found that acute expression of OPA1 GTPase mutants but no GED mutants, partially restored cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]cyto) needed for a prompt [Ca2+]mito rise. Finally, OPA1 mutants' overexpression in WT MEFs disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis, partially recapitulating the observations in ADOA patient cells. Thus, OPA1 modulates functional ER-mitochondria coupling likely through the OPA1 GED domain in Opa1 -/- MEFs. However, the co-existence of WT and mutant forms of OPA1 in patients promotes an imbalance of Ca2+ homeostasis without a domain-specific effect, likely contributing to the overall ADOA progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Cartes-Saavedra
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Josefa Macuada
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Lagos
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Duxan Arancibia
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María E. Andrés
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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García-Niño WR, Zazueta C, Buelna-Chontal M, Silva-Palacios A. Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiac-Conditioning Strategies against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1123. [PMID: 34832998 PMCID: PMC8620839 DOI: 10.3390/life11111123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the central target of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning cardioprotective strategies, which consist of either the application of brief intermittent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) cycles or the administration of pharmacological agents. Such strategies reduce cardiac I/R injury by activating protective signaling pathways that prevent the exacerbated production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, inhibit opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reduce apoptosis, maintaining normal mitochondrial function. Cardioprotection also involves the activation of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes, which replace defective mitochondria or eliminate mitochondrial debris, preserving the structure and function of the network of these organelles, and consequently ensuring homeostasis and survival of cardiomyocytes. Such processes include mitochondrial biogenesis, fission, fusion, mitophagy and mitochondrial-controlled cell death. This review updates recent advances in MQC mechanisms that are activated in the protection conferred by different cardiac conditioning interventions. Furthermore, the role of extracellular vesicles in mitochondrial protection and turnover of these organelles will be discussed. It is concluded that modulation of MQC mechanisms and recognition of mitochondrial targets could provide a potential and selective therapeutic approach for I/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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22
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Fu F, Liu C, Shi R, Li M, Zhang M, Du Y, Wang Q, Li J, Wang G, Pei J, Ding M. Punicalagin Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Promoting Opa1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion via Regulating PTP1B-Stat3 Pathway. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:618-641. [PMID: 33906428 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aims: This study aims to explore the efficacy of punicalagin (PG) on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), with a specific focus on the mechanisms underlying the effects of PG on mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics. Results: Cardiac structural and functional abnormalities were ameliorated in diabetic rats receiving PG administration as evidenced by increased ejection fraction, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy. PG enhanced mitochondrial function and inhibited mitochondria-derived oxidative stress by promoting Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. The benefits of PG could be abrogated by knockdown of Opa1 in vivo and in vitro. Inhibitor screening and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that Stat3 directly regulated the transcriptional expression of Opa1 by binding to its promoter and was responsible for PG-induced Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. Moreover, pharmmapper screening and molecular docking studies revealed that PG embedded into the activity pocket of PTP1B and inhibited the activity of PTP1B. Overexpression of PTP1B blocked the promoting effect of PG on Stat3 phosphorylation and Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, whereas knockdown of PTP1B mimicked the benefits of PG in high-glucose-treated cardiomyocytes. Innovation: Our study is the first to identify PG as a novel mitochondrial fusion promoter against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial oxidative injury and cardiomyopathy by upregulating Opa1 via regulating PTP1B-Stat3 pathway. Conclusion: PG protects against DCM by promoting Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, a process in which PG interacts with PTP1B and inhibits its activity, which in turn increases Stat3 phosphorylation and then enhances the transcriptional expression of Opa1. These results suggest that PG might be a promising new therapeutic approach against diabetic cardiac complication. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 618-641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Man Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanyan Du
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaojuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoen Wang
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianming Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingge Ding
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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23
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Robert P, Nguyen PMC, Richard A, Grenier C, Chevrollier A, Munier M, Grimaud L, Proux C, Champin T, Lelièvre E, Sarzi E, Vessières E, Henni S, Prunier D, Reynier P, Lenaers G, Fassot C, Henrion D, Loufrani L. Protective role of the mitochondrial fusion protein OPA1 in hypertension. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21678. [PMID: 34133045 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000238rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vascular cells. Mitochondria undergo fusion and fission, a process playing a role in mitochondrial function. OPA1 is essential for mitochondrial fusion. Loss of OPA1 is associated with ROS production and cell dysfunction. We hypothesized that mitochondria fusion could reduce oxidative stress that defect in fusion would exacerbate hypertension. Using (a) Opa1 haploinsufficiency in isolated resistance arteries from Opa1+/- mice, (b) primary vascular cells from Opa1+/- mice, and (c) RNA interference experiments with siRNA against Opa1 in vascular cells, we investigated the role of mitochondria fusion in hypertension. In hypertension, Opa1 haploinsufficiency induced altered mitochondrial cristae structure both in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells but did not modify protein level of long and short forms of OPA1. In addition, we demonstrated an increase of mitochondrial ROS production, associated with a decrease of superoxide dismutase 1 protein expression. We also observed an increase of apoptosis in vascular cells and a decreased VSMCs proliferation. Blood pressure, vascular contractility, as well as endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation were similar in Opa1+/- , WT, L-NAME-treated Opa1+/- and WT mice. Nevertheless, chronic NO-synthase inhibition with L-NAME induced a greater hypertension in Opa1+/- than in WT mice without compensatory arterial wall hypertrophy. This was associated with a stronger reduction in endothelium-dependent relaxation due to excessive ROS production. Our results highlight the protective role of mitochondria fusion in the vasculature during hypertension by limiting mitochondria ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Robert
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Phuc Minh Chau Nguyen
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Alexis Richard
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Céline Grenier
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Chevrollier
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Mathilde Munier
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Linda Grimaud
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Coralyne Proux
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Tristan Champin
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Eric Lelièvre
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Emmanuelle Sarzi
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier-INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Vessières
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Samir Henni
- University Hospital (CHU) of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Prunier
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
- University Hospital (CHU) of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
- University Hospital (CHU) of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guys Lenaers
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
- University Hospital (CHU) of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Céline Fassot
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
- University Hospital (CHU) of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Laurent Loufrani
- MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, University of Angers, Angers, France
- UMR CNRS 6015, Angers, France
- INSERM U1083, Angers, France
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24
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Del Dotto V, Carelli V. Dominant Optic Atrophy (DOA): Modeling the Kaleidoscopic Roles of OPA1 in Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:681326. [PMID: 34177786 PMCID: PMC8220150 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.681326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the year 2000, the discovery of OPA1 mutations as causative for dominant optic atrophy (DOA) was pivotal to rapidly expand the field of mitochondrial dynamics and describe the complex machinery governing this pathway, with a multitude of other genes and encoded proteins involved in neurodegenerative disorders of the optic nerve. OPA1 turned out to be a much more complex protein than initially envisaged, connecting multiple pathways beyond its strict role in mitochondrial fusion, such as sensing of OXPHOS needs and mitochondrial DNA maintenance. As a consequence, an increasing need to investigate OPA1 functions at multiple levels has imposed the development of multiple tools and models that are here reviewed. Translational mitochondrial medicine, with the ultimate objective of translating basic science necessary to understand pathogenic mechanisms into therapeutic strategies, requires disease modeling at multiple levels: from the simplest, like in yeast, to cell models, including the increasing use of reprogrammed stem cells (iPSCs) from patients, to animal models. In the present review, we thoroughly examine and provide the state of the art of all these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Del Dotto
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
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25
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Rodríguez-Graciani KM, Chapa-Dubocq XR, MacMillan-Crow LA, Javadov S. Association Between L-OPA1 Cleavage and Cardiac Dysfunction During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2021; 54:1101-1114. [PMID: 33119220 PMCID: PMC8170594 DOI: 10.33594/000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Structural and functional alterations in mitochondria, particularly, the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) plays a critical role in mitochondria-mediated cell death in response to cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The integrity of IMM can be affected by two potential intra-mitochondrial factors: i) mitochondrial matrix swelling, and ii) proteolytic cleavage of the long optic atrophy type 1 (L-OPA1), an IMM-localized dynamin-like GTPase engaged in the regulation of structural organization and integrity of the mitochondrial cristae. However, the relationship between these two factors in response to oxidative stress remains unclear. Here, we elucidated the effects of cardiac IR injury on L-OPA1 cleavage and OMA1 activity. Methods: Langendorff-mode perfused isolated rat hearts were subjected to 25-min of global ischemia followed by 90-min reperfusion in the presence or absence of XJB-5-131 (XJB, a mitochondria-targeting ROS scavenger) and sanglifehrin A (SfA, a permeability transition pore inhibitor). Results: XJB in combination with SfA increased post-ischemic recovery of cardiac function and reduced mitochondrial ROS production at 30- and 60-min reperfusion and affected mitochondrial swelling. L-OPA1 levels were reduced in IR hearts; however, neither XJB, SfA, and their combination prevented IR-induced reduction of L-OPA1 cleavage. Likewise, IR increased the OMA1 enzymatic activity, which remained unchanged in the presence of XJB and/or SfA. Conclusion: IR-induced cardiac and mitochondrial dysfunctions are associated with OMA1 activation and L-OPA1 cleavage. However, XJB, SfA, and their combination do not prevent these changes despite improved heart and mitochondria function, thus, suggesting that different mechanisms can be implicated in L-OPA1 processing in response to cardiac IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier R Chapa-Dubocq
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Lee Ann MacMillan-Crow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA,
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26
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DRP1 haploinsufficiency attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injuries. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248554. [PMID: 33765018 PMCID: PMC7993837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics is a possible modulator of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injuries (IRI). We previously reported that mice partially deficient in the fusion protein OPA1 exhibited higher IRI. Therefore, we investigated whether deficiency in the fission protein DRP1 encoded by Dnm1l gene would affect IRI in Dnm1l+/- mouse. After baseline characterization of the Dnm1l+/- mice heart, using echocardiography, electron microscopy, and oxygraphy, 3-month-old Dnm1l+/- and wild type (WT) mice were exposed to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The ischemic area-at-risk (AAR) and area of necrosis (AN) were delimited, and the infarct size was expressed by AN/AAR. Proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy were analyzed before and after I/R. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening sensitivity was assessed after I/R. Heart weight and left ventricular function were not significantly different in 3-, 6- and 12-month-old Dnm1l+/- mice than in WT. The cardiac DRP1 protein expression levels were 60% lower, whereas mitochondrial area and lipid degradation were significantly higher in Dnm1l+/- mice than in WT, though mitochondrial respiratory parameters and mPTP opening did not significantly differ. Following I/R, the infarct size was significantly smaller in Dnm1l+/- mice than in WT (34.6±3.1% vs. 44.5±3.3%, respectively; p<0.05) and the autophagic markers, LC3 II and P62 were significantly increased compared to baseline condition in Dnm1l+/- mice only. Altogether, data indicates that increasing fusion by means of Dnm1l deficiency was associated with protection against IRI, without alteration in cardiac or mitochondrial functions at basal conditions. This protection mechanism due to DRP1 haploinsufficiency increases the expression of autophagic markers.
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27
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Calenduloside E Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Regulation of AMPK and Mitochondrial OPA1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2415269. [PMID: 32934760 PMCID: PMC7479459 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2415269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural triterpenoid saponin isolated from Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. Our previous studies have shown that CE exerts cardiovascular protective effects both in vivo and in vitro. However, its role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) and the mechanism involved are currently unknown. Mitochondrial dynamics play a key role in MIRI. This study investigated the effects of CE on mitochondrial dynamics and the signaling pathways involved in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). The MI/R rat model and the hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cardiomyocyte model were established in this study. CE exerted significant cardioprotective effects in vivo and in vitro by improving cardiac function, decreasing myocardial infarct size, increasing cardiomyocyte viability, and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis associated with MI/R. Mechanistically, CE restored mitochondrial homeostasis against MI/R injury through improved mitochondrial ultrastructure, enhanced ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, while promoting mitochondrial fusion and preventing mitochondrial fission. However, genetic silencing of OPA1 by siRNA abolished the beneficial effects of CE on cardiomyocyte survival and mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, we demonstrated that CE activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and treatment with the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, abolished the protective effects of CE on OPA1 expression and mitochondrial function. Overall, this study demonstrates that CE is effective in mitigating MIRI by modulating AMPK activation-mediated OPA1-related mitochondrial fusion.
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28
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Niu S, Xu L, Yuan Y, Yang S, Ning H, Qin X, Xin P, Yuan D, Jiao J, Zhao Y. Effect of down-regulated miR-15b-5p expression on arrhythmia and myocardial apoptosis after myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:54-59. [PMID: 32828315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the regulation of miR-15b-5p on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced arrhythmia and myocardial apoptosis was investigated in mice. We observed the change in miR-15b-5p expression after mice suffered from myocardial I/R injury and the change in myocardial injury, infarct size, apoptosis, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) after down-regulation of miR-15b-5p expression. The negative regulation of miR-15b-5p to KCNJ2 as well as whether cardioprotective effect formed by miR-15b-5p down-regulation relied on the increase of KNCJ2 expression were measured by dual-luciferase reporter assay system. miR-15b-5p expression increased and KCNJ2 mRNA and protein expressions decreased after myocardial ischemia reperfusion (all P < 0.05). miR-15b-5p negatively regulated KCNJ2 in a targeted way. Down-regulating miR-15b-5p expression or increasing KCNJ2 expression significantly decreased the incidence of arrhythmia, infarct size and apoptosis after myocardial I/R and lowered MDA content in the myocardial tissue as well as IL-6 and TNF-α content in the blood (all P < 0.05). KCNJ2 gene knockout reversed the above cardioprotective effect formed by miR-15b-5p down-regulation (P < 0.05). Down-regulating miR-15b-5p expression or up-regulating KCNJ2 expression improves arrhythmia after mice suffered from myocardial I/R injury and inhibits myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siquan Niu
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Shaohua Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Hongjie Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Xutan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Pengcheng Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Jingmei Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, He'nan Province, China.
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29
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Hernandez‐Resendiz S, Prunier F, Girao H, Dorn G, Hausenloy DJ. Targeting mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins for cardioprotection. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6571-6585. [PMID: 32406208 PMCID: PMC7299693 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New treatments are needed to protect the myocardium against the detrimental effects of acute ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) injury following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), in order to limit myocardial infarct (MI) size, preserve cardiac function and prevent the onset of heart failure (HF). Given the critical role of mitochondria in energy production for cardiac contractile function, prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction during acute myocardial IRI may provide novel cardioprotective strategies. In this regard, the mitochondrial fusion and fissions proteins, which regulate changes in mitochondrial morphology, are known to impact on mitochondrial quality control by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. In this article, we review how targeting these inter-related processes may provide novel treatment targets and new therapeutic strategies for reducing MI size, preventing the onset of HF following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauri Hernandez‐Resendiz
- National Heart Research Institute SingaporeNational Heart Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders ProgramDuke‐National University of Singapore Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Centro de Biotecnologia‐FEMSATecnologico de MonterreyNuevo LeonMexico
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- Institut MITOVASCCNRS UMR 6015 INSERM U1083University Hospital Center of AngersUniversity of AngersAngersFrance
| | - Henrique Girao
- Faculty of MedicineCoimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)University of CoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and BiotechnologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Gerald Dorn
- Department of Internal MedicineCenter for PharmacogenomicsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Derek J. Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute SingaporeNational Heart Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders ProgramDuke‐National University of Singapore Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Cardiovascular Research CenterCollege of Medical and Health SciencesAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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30
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Diaz-Vegas A, Sanchez-Aguilera P, Krycer JR, Morales PE, Monsalves-Alvarez M, Cifuentes M, Rothermel BA, Lavandero S. Is Mitochondrial Dysfunction a Common Root of Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases? Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5807952. [PMID: 32179913 PMCID: PMC7255501 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is implicated as a major contributing factor for a number of noncommunicable chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes. Here, we discuss the role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular and whole-organism homeostasis, the mechanisms that promote mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of this phenomenon in noncommunicable chronic diseases. We also review the state of the art regarding the preclinical evidence associated with the regulation of mitochondrial function and the development of current mitochondria-targeted therapeutics to treat noncommunicable chronic diseases. Finally, we give an integrated vision of how mitochondrial damage is implicated in these metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Aguilera
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Monsalves-Alvarez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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31
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Silva-Palacios A, Zazueta C, Pedraza-Chaverri J. ER membranes associated with mitochondria: Possible therapeutic targets in heart-associated diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104758. [PMID: 32200027 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular system cell biology is tightly regulated and mitochondria play a relevant role in maintaining heart function. In recent decades, associations between such organelles and the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) have been raised great interest. Formally identified as mitochondria-associated SR membranes (MAMs), these structures regulate different cellular functions, including calcium management, lipid metabolism, autophagy, oxidative stress, and management of unfolded proteins. In this review, we highlight MAMs' alterations mainly in cardiomyocytes, linked with cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac ischemia-reperfusion, heart failure, and dilated cardiomyopathy. We also describe proteins that are part of the MAMs' machinery, as the FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1), the sigma 1 receptor (Sig-1R) and others, which might be new molecular targets to preserve the function and structure of the heart in such diseases. Understanding the machinery of MAMs and its function demands our attention, as such knowledge might contribute to strengthen the role of these relative novel structures in heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology-Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology-Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Exterior S/N, C. U., 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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32
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Cai Y, Ying F, Liu H, Ge L, Song E, Wang L, Zhang D, Hoi Ching Tang E, Xia Z, Irwin MG. Deletion of Rap1 protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through suppressing cell apoptosis via activation of STAT3 signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:4482-4496. [PMID: 32020680 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901592rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Repressor activator protein 1 (Rap1), an established telomere-associated protein, is a novel modulator of hypoxia-induced apoptosis. This study aimed to explore the potential direct role of Rap1 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) and to determine the underlying molecular mechanism. In a mouse model of myocardial I/RI (30-min of left descending coronary artery ligation followed by 2-h reperfusion), Rap1 deficiency significantly reduced myocardial infarct size (IS) and improved cardiac systolic/diastolic function. This was associated with a reduction in apoptosis in the post-ischemic myocardium. In H9C2 and primary cardiomyocytes, Rap1 knockdown or knockout significantly suppressed hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell injury and apoptosis through increasing the phosphorylation/activation of STAT3 at site Ser727 and translocation of STAT3 to the nucleus. We surmise this since Stattic (selective STAT3 inhibitor) pretreatment canceled the abovementioned protective effect. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation assay revealed a direct interaction between Rap1 and STAT3, but not JAK2, suggesting that the association of Rap1 with STAT3 may contribute to the reduced activity of STAT3 (Ser727 ) upon H/R stimulation. In conclusion, Rap1 deficiency protects the heart from ischemic damage through STAT3-dependent reduction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which may yield viable target for pharmacological intervention in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fan Ying
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Erfei Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dengwen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Eva Hoi Ching Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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33
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Kulek AR, Anzell A, Wider JM, Sanderson TH, Przyklenk K. Mitochondrial Quality Control: Role in Cardiac Models of Lethal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010214. [PMID: 31952189 PMCID: PMC7016592 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current standard of care for acute myocardial infarction or 'heart attack' is timely restoration of blood flow to the ischemic region of the heart. While reperfusion is essential for the salvage of ischemic myocardium, re-introduction of blood flow paradoxically kills (rather than rescues) a population of previously ischemic cardiomyocytes-a phenomenon referred to as 'lethal myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury'. There is long-standing and exhaustive evidence that mitochondria are at the nexus of lethal IR injury. However, during the past decade, the paradigm of mitochondria as mediators of IR-induced cardiomyocyte death has been expanded to include the highly orchestrated process of mitochondrial quality control. Our aims in this review are to: (1) briefly summarize the current understanding of the pathogenesis of IR injury, and (2) incorporating landmark data from a broad spectrum of models (including immortalized cells, primary cardiomyocytes and intact hearts), provide a critical discussion of the emerging concept that mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy (the components of mitochondrial quality control) may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiomyocyte death in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Kulek
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (A.R.K.); (A.A.); (T.H.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Anthony Anzell
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (A.R.K.); (A.A.); (T.H.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Joseph M. Wider
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Thomas H. Sanderson
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (A.R.K.); (A.A.); (T.H.S.)
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (A.R.K.); (A.A.); (T.H.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-313-577-9047
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Yu F, Abdelwahid E, Xu T, Hu L, Wang M, Li Y, Mogharbel BF, de Carvalho KAT, Guarita-Souza LC, An Y, Li P. The role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in the process of cardiac oxidative stress. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:541-552. [PMID: 31820815 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy suppliers in the cell and undergo constant fusion and fission to meet metabolic demand during the cell life cycle. Well-balanced mitochondrial dynamics are extremely important and necessary for cell survival as well as for tissue homeostasis. Cardiomyocytes contain large numbers of mitochondria to satisfy the high energy demand. It has been established that deregulated processes of mitochondrial dynamics play a major role in myocardial cell death. Currently, cardiac mitochondrial cell death pathways attract great attention in the cell biology and regenerative medicine fields. Importantly, mitochondrial dynamics are tightly linked to oxidative stress-induced cardiac damage. This review summarizes molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial fusion and fission processes and their potential roles in myocardial cell death triggered by oxidative stress. Advances in understanding the effect of both normal and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics on heart protection will lead to significant improvement of therapeutic discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Eltyeb Abdelwahid
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Longgang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Cell Therapy and Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Cesar Guarita-Souza
- Experimental Laboratory of Institute of Biological and Health Sciences of Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Yi An
- Department of cardiology, Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Dube K, Dhanabalan K, Salie R, Blignaut M, Huisamen B, Lochner A. Melatonin has profound effects on mitochondrial dynamics in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02659. [PMID: 31720456 PMCID: PMC6838907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Research focus recently shifted to mitochondrial dynamics and the role of fusion and fission in cardioprotection. The aim of this study was to evaluate (i) the function and dynamics of mitochondria isolated from hearts exposed to ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) (ii) the effects of melatonin, a powerful cardioprotectant, on mitochondrial dynamics in I/R. Isolated perfused rat hearts were stabilized for 30 min, subjected to 20 min global ischaemia, followed by 30 min reperfusion. Tissue was collected, mitochondria isolated for measurement of mitochondrial oxidative function and lysates from mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions prepared for western blotting. Melatonin (0.3 or 50 μM) was administered for 10 min immediately before the onset of ischaemia and for 10 min at the onset of reperfusion. Infarct size was assessed after 35 min regional ischaemia/60 min reperfusion using triphenyltetrazolium staining. The results show that reperfusion significantly reduced mitochondrial QO2 (states 3 and 4), with minor effects by melatonin. Cytosolic Beclin 1 and the LC3 II/I ratio were reduced by ischaemia and increased by reperfusion. Both ischaemia and reperfusion reduced mitochondrial PINK1 and Parkin levels, while reperfusion increased p62. An alternative mitophagy pathway mediated by Rab9 is activated during myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion. Ischaemia reduced and reperfusion increased cytosolic ULK1 expression, associated with redistribution of Rab9 and Drp1 between the cytosol and mitochondria. Melatonin significantly reduced mitochondrial p62 expression upon reperfusion. Throughout the protocol, melatonin significantly (i) increased cytosolic total (t) and phospho (p) ULK1, and Rab9 levels (ii) increased the cytosolic and reduced the mitochondrial pDrp1 levels and p/t Drp1 ratio, suggesting inhibition of mitochondrial fission. Fusion was affected to a lesser extent. Cardioprotection by melatonin is associated with substantial effects on mitophagy, the significance thereof remains to be established.
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Guan L, Che Z, Meng X, Yu Y, Li M, Yu Z, Shi H, Yang D, Yu M. MCU Up-regulation contributes to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion Injury through calpain/OPA-1-mediated mitochondrial fusion/mitophagy Inhibition. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7830-7843. [PMID: 31502361 PMCID: PMC6815825 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamic disorder is involved in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. To explore the effect of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) on mitochondrial dynamic imbalance under I/R and its related signal pathways, a mouse myocardial I/R model and hypoxia/reoxygenation model of mouse cardiomyocytes were established. The expression of MCU during I/R increased and related to myocardial injury, enhancement of mitochondrial fission, inhibition of mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy. Suppressing MCU functions by Ru360 during I/R could reduce myocardial infarction area and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, alleviate mitochondrial fission and restore mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy. However, spermine administration, which could enhance MCU function, deteriorated the above-mentioned myocardial cell injury and mitochondrial dynamic imbalanced. In addition, up-regulation of MCU promoted the expression and activation of calpain-1/2 and down-regulated the expression of Optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1). Meantime, in transgenic mice (overexpression calpastatin, the endogenous inhibitor of calpain) I/R model and OPA1 knock-down cultured cell. In I/R models of transgenic mice over-expressing calpastatin, which is the endogenous inhibitor of calpain, and in H/R models with siOPA1 transfection, inhibition of calpains could enhance mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy, and inhibit excessive mitochondrion fission and apoptosis through OPA1. Therefore, we conclude that during I/R, MCU up-regulation induces calpain activation, which down-regulates OPA1, consequently leading to mitochondrial dynamic imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimei Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Shi, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Shi, China
| | - Ziqin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Shi, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Shi, China
| | - Dicheng Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Darwesh AM, Jamieson KL, Wang C, Samokhvalov V, Seubert JM. Cardioprotective effects of CYP-derived epoxy metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid involve limiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:544-556. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial function and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome cascade has a significant role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. The current study investigated whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or their corresponding CYP epoxygenase metabolites 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EEQ) and 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP) protect against IR injury. Isolated mouse hearts were perfused in the Langendorff mode with vehicle, DHA, 19,20-EDP, EPA, or 17,18-EEQ and subjected to 30 min of ischemia and followed by 40 min of reperfusion. In contrast with EPA and 17,18-EEQ, DHA and 19,20-EDP exerted cardioprotection, as shown by a significant improvement in postischemic functional recovery associated with significant attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex activation and preserved mitochondrial function. Hearts perfused with DHA or 19,20-EDP displayed a marked reduction in localization of mitochondrial Drp-1 and Mfn-2 as well as maintained Opa-1 levels. DHA and 19,20-EDP preserved the activities of both the cytosolic Trx-1 and mitochondrial Trx-2. DHA cardioprotective effect was attenuated by the CYP epoxygenase inhibitor N-(methysulfonyl)-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzenehexanamide. In conclusion, our data indicate a differential cardioprotective response between DHA, EPA, and their active metabolites toward IR injury. Interestingly, 19,20-EDP provided the best protection against IR injury via maintaining mitochondrial function and thereby reducing the detrimental NLRP3 inflammasome responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Darwesh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K. Lockhart Jamieson
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Chuying Wang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Victor Samokhvalov
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - John M. Seubert
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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Balancing mitochondrial dynamics via increasing mitochondrial fusion attenuates infarct size and left ventricular dysfunction in rats with cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:497-513. [PMID: 30705107 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An uncontrolled balance of mitochondrial dynamics has been shown to contribute to cardiac dysfunction during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although inhibition of mitochondrial fission could ameliorate cardiac dysfunction, modulation of mitochondrial fusion by giving a fusion promoter at different time-points during cardiac I/R injury has never been investigated. We hypothesized that giving of a mitochondrial fusion promoter at different time-points exerts cardioprotection with different levels of efficacy in rats with cardiac I/R injury. Forty male Wistar rats were subjected to a 30-min ischemia by coronary occlusion, followed by a 120-min reperfusion. The rats were then randomly divided into control and three treated groups: pre-ischemia, during-ischemia, and onset of reperfusion. A pharmacological mitochondrial fusion promoter-M1 (2 mg/kg) was used for intervention. Reduced mitochondrial fusion protein was observed after cardiac I/R injury. M1 administered prior to ischemia exerted the highest level of cardioprotection by improving both cardiac mitochondrial function and dynamics regulation, attenuating incidence of arrhythmia, reducing infarct size and cardiac apoptosis, which led to the preservation of cardiac function and decreased mortality. M1 given during ischemia and on the onset of reperfusion also exerted cardioprotection, but with a lower efficacy than when given at the pre-ischemia time-point. Attenuating a reduction in mitochondrial fusion proteins during myocardial ischemia and at the onset of reperfusion exerted cardioprotection by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and dynamic imbalance, thus reducing infarct size and improving cardiac function. These findings indicate that it could be a promising intervention with the potential to afford cardioprotection in the clinical setting of acute myocardial infarction.
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Ghahremani R, Damirchi A, Salehi I, Komaki A, Esposito F. Mitochondrial dynamics as an underlying mechanism involved in aerobic exercise training-induced cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2018; 213:102-108. [PMID: 30355530 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the most common cardiac disorders leading to irreversible heart damage. Many underlying mechanisms seem to be involved, among which mitochondrial dysfunction. Since physical training has a beneficial effect on mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), it may have a cardioprotective effect against IR injury also via mitochondrial pathways. This study investigates the protective role of aerobic training against cardiac IR injury and the mitochondrial dynamics as a possible mechanism. MAIN METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats (8-week old) were divided into a control, sham, control + IR, and training + IR groups (8 rats each). Training group was exercised aerobically on a treadmill for 8 weeks (5 days/week). After 8 weeks, anesthetized rats underwent a left thoracotomy (sham, control + IR, and training + IR groups) to access the left anterior descending coronary artery, which was occluded by a silk suture for 30 min and released for 90 min of reperfusion (IR groups). Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to determine the infarct size. The gene expression of mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was evaluated by RT-PCR. A one-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis with the significance level set at P ≤ 0.05. KEY FINDINGS Cardiac infarct size was smaller In training + IR group (20.24 ± 5.7%) than in control + IR (35.9 ± 2.3%; P ≤ 0.05). Training + IR showed higher expression of Mfn1 and Mfn2 (P ≤ 0.05). Conversely, Drp1 expression was lower after training (P ≤ 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Exercise-induced regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission, leading to improvement of mitochondrial dynamics seems to be involved in the cardioprotection against IR injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghahremani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Damirchi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
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Inhibition of mitochondrial fission as a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce mortality upon myocardial infarction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:2163-2167. [PMID: 30341226 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common event following myocardial infarction (MI) resulting in excessive oxidative stress, calcium overload, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte death. Mitochondrial homeostasis including their dynamics are imbalanced in cardiac I/R injury in favor of increased mitochondrial fission. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission prior to I/R injury is protective and improves cardiac function following MI. Clinically, patients with MI often receive treatment following initiation of the ischemic event. Thus, treatments with more realistic timing would have better translational value and are important to research. In a recent study published in Clinical Science, Maneechote et al. [Clin. Sci. (2018) 132, 1669-1683] examined the effect of inhibiting mitochondrial fission using the mitochondrial division inhibitor (Mdivi-1) at different time points, pre-ischemia, during-ischemia, and upon onset of reperfusion, in a rat cardiac I/R model. The findings showed the greatest cardiac function improvement with pre-ischemia treatment along with decreased mitochondrial fragmentation and increased mitochondrial function. Mdivi-1 given during ischemia and at onset of reperfusion also improved cardiac function, but to a lesser extent than pre-ischemia intervention. Maneechote et al. postulated that the LV protection by Mdivi-1 in cardiac I/R could be due to an improvement in mitochondrial dysfunction through attenuating excessive mitochondrial fission which then reduces apoptotic myocytes. Their findings provide new insights into future treatment of patients suffering acute MI which could consider targetting the excessive mitochondrial fission during cardiac ischemia or at onset of reperfusion. Here, we will further discuss the background of the study, potential molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial fission, consequences of the fission, and future research directions.
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Abstract
Several interventions, such as ischemic preconditioning, remote pre/perconditioning, or postconditioning, are known to decrease lethal myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. While several signal transduction pathways become activated by such maneuvers, they all have a common end point, namely, the mitochondria. These organelles represent an essential target of the cardioprotective strategies, and the preservation of mitochondrial function is central for the reduction of ischemia-reperfusion injury. In the present review, we address the role of mitochondria in the different conditioning strategies; in particular, we focus on alterations of mitochondrial function in terms of energy production, formation of reactive oxygen species, opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and mitochondrial dynamics induced by ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Boengler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig Universität , Giessen , Germany
| | - Günter Lochnit
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig Universität , Giessen , Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig Universität , Giessen , Germany
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Eisner V, Picard M, Hajnóczky G. Mitochondrial dynamics in adaptive and maladaptive cellular stress responses. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:755-765. [PMID: 29950571 PMCID: PMC6716149 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria sense and respond to many stressors and can support either cell survival or death through energy production and signaling pathways. Mitochondrial responses depend on fusion-fission dynamics that dilute and segregate damaged mitochondria. Mitochondrial motility and inter-organellar interactions, including with the endoplasmic reticulum, also function in cellular adaptation to stress. In this Review, we discuss how stressors influence these components, and how they contribute to the complex adaptive and pathological responses that lead to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Eisner
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, The Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Li Y, Liu X. Novel insights into the role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion. J Cell Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29528108 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the main source of energy in the body, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, which are constantly going through fusion and fission. The fine balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission plays an important role in maintaining the stability of cardiomyocyte homeostasis. The processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission are very complex, which is mediated by fusion and fission proteins. Disruptions in these processes through controlling fusion and fission proteins affect mitochondrial functions and cardiomyocyte survival. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can regulate the expression and post-translational modifications of fusion and fission proteins thereby inducing the abnormality of mitochondrial fusion and fission and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, intervention with the expression and function of fusion and fission proteins influences on cardiomyocyte apoptosis under I/R conditions. In this review, we focus on the current developments in the effects of mitochondrial fusion and fission on cardiomyocyte functions, the implications for cardiomyocyte apoptosis in response to I/R, and possible mechanisms. And we review their roles as a potential therapeutic target for treating I/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuZhen Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - XiuHua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) and inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:329. [PMID: 29491386 PMCID: PMC5832426 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are tightly associated with very dynamic platforms termed mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). MAMs provide an excellent scaffold for crosstalk between the ER and mitochondria and play a pivotal role in different signaling pathways that allow rapid exchange of biological molecules to maintain cellular health. However, dysfunctions in the ER–mitochondria architecture are associated with pathological conditions and human diseases. Inflammation has emerged as one of the various pathways that MAMs control. Inflammasome components and other inflammatory factors promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that sustain pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the critical role of MAMs in initiating inflammation in the cellular defense against pathogenic infections and the association of MAMs with inflammation-mediated diseases.
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Song P, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Shu Z, Xu P, He L, Yang C, Zhang J, Wang H, Li Y, Li Q. Hepatic recruitment of CD11b+Ly6C+ inflammatory monocytes promotes hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:935-945. [PMID: 29251315 PMCID: PMC5752159 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes infiltrate damaged liver tissue during noninfectious liver injury and often have dual roles, perpetuating inflammation and promoting resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. However, how monocyte subsets distribute and are differentially recruited in the liver remain unclear. In the current study, the subpopulations of infiltrating monocytes were examined following liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice using flow cytometry. CD11b+Ly6C high (Ly6Chi) cells (inflammatory monocytes) and CD11b+Ly6C low cells (reparative monocytes) were recruited into the liver following I/R injury. Treatment with clodronate-loaded liposomes, which transiently deplete systemic macrophages, alleviated hepatic damage. Mice genetically deficient in C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), or its receptor C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), exhibited diminished hepatic damage compared with wild-type mice following I/R, by controlling intrahepatic inflammatory Ly6Chi monocyte accumulation. In addition, the CCR2 specific inhibitor RS504393 alleviated hepatic I/R injury. The results suggest that the CCR2/ CCL2 axis an important role in monocyte infiltration and may represent a novel target for the treatment of liver I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Shu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Long He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Jinxiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Genetics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033 P.R. China
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Wang W, Fernandez-Sanz C, Sheu SS. Regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics by the non-canonical roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins in the heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:1991-2001. [PMID: 28918113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancement in mitochondrial research has significantly extended our knowledge on the role and regulation of mitochondria in health and disease. One important breakthrough is the delineation of how mitochondrial morphological changes, termed mitochondrial dynamics, are coupled to the bioenergetics and signaling functions of mitochondria. In general, it is believed that fusion leads to an increased mitochondrial respiration efficiency and resistance to stress-induced dysfunction while fission does the contrary. This concept seems not applicable to adult cardiomyocytes. The mitochondria in adult cardiomyocytes exhibit fragmented morphology (tilted towards fission) and show less networking and movement as compared to other cell types. However, being the most energy-demanding cells, cardiomyocytes in the adult heart possess vast number of mitochondria, high level of energy flow, and abundant mitochondrial dynamics proteins. This apparent discrepancy could be explained by recently identified new functions of the mitochondrial dynamics proteins. These "non-canonical" roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins range from controlling inter-organelle communication to regulating cell viability and survival under metabolic stresses. Here, we summarize the newly identified non-canonical roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins. We focus on how these fission and fusion independent roles of dynamics proteins regulate mitochondrial bioenergetics. We also discuss potential molecular mechanisms, unique intracellular location, and the cardiovascular disease relevance of these non-canonical roles of the dynamics proteins. We propose that future studies are warranted to differentiate the canonical and non-canonical roles of dynamics proteins and to identify new approaches for the treatment of heart diseases. This article is part of a Special issue entitled Cardiac adaptations to obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, edited by Professors Jan F.C. Glatz, Jason R.B. Dyck and Christine Des Rosiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Celia Fernandez-Sanz
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Meng G, Liu J, Liu S, Song Q, Liu L, Xie L, Han Y, Ji Y. Hydrogen sulfide pretreatment improves mitochondrial function in myocardial hypertrophy via a SIRT3-dependent manner. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1126-1145. [PMID: 28503736 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a gaseous signal molecule with antioxidative properties. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is closely associated with mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. The study was to investigate whether and how H2 S improved myocardial hypertrophy via a SIRT3-dependent manner. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with NaHS (50 μM) for 4 h followed by angiotensin II (Ang II, 100 nM) for 24 h. SIRT3 was silenced with siRNA technology. SIRT3 promoter activity and expression, cell surface, hypertrophic gene mRNA expression, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and membrane potential were measured. Male 129S1/SvImJ [wild-type (WT)] and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice were injected with NaHS (50 μmol·kg-1 ·day-1 ; i.p.) followed by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Echocardiography, heart mass, mitochondrial ultrastructure, volume and number, oxidative stress, mitochondria fusion and fission-related protein expression were measured. KEY RESULTS In vitro, NaHS increased SIRT3 promoter activity and SIRT3 expression in Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. SIRT3 silencing abolished the ability of NaHS to reverse the Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mitochondrial function impairment and permeability potential dysfunction, along with the decline in FOXO3a and SOD2 expression. In vivo, after TAC. NaHS attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, inhibited oxidative stress, improved mitochondrial ultrastructure, suppressed mitochondrial volume but increased mitochondrial numbers, enhanced OPA1, MFN1 and MFN2 expression but suppressed DRP1 and FIS1 expression in WT mice but not in SIRT3 KO mice CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: NaHS improved mitochondrial function and inhibited oxidative stress in myocardial hypertrophy in a SIRT3-dependent manner. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shangmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Chen JL, Duan WJ, Luo S, Li S, Ma XH, Hou BN, Cheng SY, Fang SH, Wang Q, Huang SQ, Chen YB. Ferulic acid attenuates brain microvascular endothelial cells damage caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation via punctate-mitochondria-dependent mitophagy. Brain Res 2017; 1666:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lopez-Crisosto C, Pennanen C, Vasquez-Trincado C, Morales PE, Bravo-Sagua R, Quest AFG, Chiong M, Lavandero S. Sarcoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14:342-360. [PMID: 28275246 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive, calcium-mediated contractile activity renders cardiomyocytes critically dependent on a sustained energy supply and adequate calcium buffering, both of which are provided by mitochondria. Moreover, in vascular smooth muscle cells, mitochondrial metabolism modulates cell growth and proliferation, whereas cytosolic calcium levels regulate the arterial vascular tone. Physical and functional communication between mitochondria and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum and balanced mitochondrial dynamics seem to have a critical role for optimal calcium transfer to mitochondria, which is crucial in calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial metabolism in both types of muscle cells. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with myocardial damage and dysregulation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Therefore, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria coupling and mitochondrial dynamics are now viewed as relevant factors in the pathogenesis of cardiac and vascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this Review, we summarize the evidence related to the role of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication in cardiac and vascular muscle physiology, with a focus on how perturbations contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Christian Pennanen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Cesar Vasquez-Trincado
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Instituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Celula (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas &Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Celula (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
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