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Chadchan SB, Popli P, Liao Z, Andreas E, Dias M, Wang T, Gunderson SJ, Jimenez PT, Lanza DG, Lanz RB, Foulds CE, Monsivais D, DeMayo FJ, Yalamanchili HK, Jungheim ES, Heaney JD, Lydon JP, Moley KH, O'Malley BW, Kommagani R. A GREB1-steroid receptor feedforward mechanism governs differential GREB1 action in endometrial function and endometriosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1947. [PMID: 38431630 PMCID: PMC10908778 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular responses to the steroid hormones, estrogen (E2), and progesterone (P4) are governed by their cognate receptor's transcriptional output. However, the feed-forward mechanisms that shape cell-type-specific transcriptional fulcrums for steroid receptors are unidentified. Herein, we found that a common feed-forward mechanism between GREB1 and steroid receptors regulates the differential effect of GREB1 on steroid hormones in a physiological or pathological context. In physiological (receptive) endometrium, GREB1 controls P4-responses in uterine stroma, affecting endometrial receptivity and decidualization, while not affecting E2-mediated epithelial proliferation. Of mechanism, progesterone-induced GREB1 physically interacts with the progesterone receptor, acting as a cofactor in a positive feedback mechanism to regulate P4-responsive genes. Conversely, in endometrial pathology (endometriosis), E2-induced GREB1 modulates E2-dependent gene expression to promote the growth of endometriotic lesions in mice. This differential action of GREB1 exerted by a common feed-forward mechanism with steroid receptors advances our understanding of mechanisms that underlie cell- and tissue-specific steroid hormone actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangappa B Chadchan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pooja Popli
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zian Liao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eryk Andreas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michelle Dias
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie J Gunderson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Patricia T Jimenez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Denise G Lanza
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rainer B Lanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charles E Foulds
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Hari Krishna Yalamanchili
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Emily S Jungheim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fienberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 77030, USA
| | - Jason D Heaney
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kelle H Moley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Amorim IS, Amorim DS, Godoy HT, Mariutti LRB, Chisté RC, da Silva Pena R, Bogusz Junior S, Chim JF. Amazonian palm tree fruits: From nutritional value to diversity of new food products. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24054. [PMID: 38288015 PMCID: PMC10823109 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the world population has increased the demand for new food sources, constituting a major challenge concerning the maximum use of existing food resources. The fruits of Amazonian palm trees have excellent nutritional composition and bioactive compounds. This review highlights four fruits of Amazonian palm trees that are still little explored by the food industry: açai (Euterpe oleracea), pupunha (Bactris gasipaes), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), and tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum). This paper aims to inspire new ideas for researching and developing products for the food industry. It also explores the impacts of Amazonian palm fruits on health, highlighting their role in disease prevention through their nutritional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelly Silva Amorim
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences – Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danyelly Silva Amorim
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences – Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Regina Barros Mariutti
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Campos Chisté
- Faculty of Food Engineering (FEA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rosinelson da Silva Pena
- Faculty of Food Engineering (FEA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Stanislau Bogusz Junior
- University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), 13566-590, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josiane Freitas Chim
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences – Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Li H, Yang H, Lu S, Wang X, Shi X, Mao P. Autophagy-dependent ferroptosis is involved in the development of endometriosis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2242962. [PMID: 37553011 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2242962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometriosis (EMS) is an estrogen-dependent condition with unclear pathogenesis. Recent findings suggest implicate autophagy and ferroptosis in EMS development. METHODS We assessed autophagy and ferroptosis proteins in EMS patients using immunohistochemistry and western blot and established an EMS rat model through allograft endometrial transplantation, confirmed via hematoxylin and eosin staining and epithelial-mesenchymal transition -related proteins. Primary EMS cells were isolated from the model rats and cultured under five conditions: control, EMS, EMS with Rapamycin (autophagy inducer), EMS with si-Atg5 (autophagy inhibitor), and EMS with si-Atg5 plus Erastin (ferroptosis inducer). We evaluated cell viability, iron content, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial morphologyin EMS cells, and detected autophagy and ferroptosis proteins through immunofluorescence, western blot, and monodansylcadaverine staining. RESULTS Autophagy proteins Beclin1 and LC3 were highly expressed, whereas p62, glutathione peroxidase 4, and p53 were lowly expressed in EMS patients. Rapamycin decreased cell viability but increased iron content, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxide production, the number of ferroptotic mitochondria, and the expression of autophagy proteins in EMS cells, while si-Atg5 showed opposite effects. Additionally, Erastin reversed the impact of si-Atg5 on EMS cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that autophagy-dependent ferroptosis plays a role in EMS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Huadi Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Shenyi Lu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Xinhe Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Peiyu Mao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
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Rodrigues LDAP, Nunes DDG, Hodel KVS, Viana JD, Silva EP, Soares MBP. Exotic fruits patents trends: An overview based on technological prospection with a focus on Amazonian. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22060. [PMID: 38046170 PMCID: PMC10686867 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest encompasses one of the largest biodiversities of the world and is home to a wide variety of food and therapeutic plants. Due to the diversity of components, the fruits of the Amazon biome possess essential physicochemical, nutritional, and pharmacological properties, strengthening the idea that fruit consumption may provide benefits to human health. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the current scenario of the use of Amazonian fruits on the development of food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, or cosmetic products through the study of filed patents. A prospecting strategy conducted focusing on patents was used to investigate the application of the following fruits: Euterpe oleracea, Oenocarpus bacaba, Caryocar brasiliense, Garcinia gardneriana, Nephelium lappaceum, and Astrocaryum vulgare. A total of 264 patent documents were found. In 2016, a peak of 33 applications was reached, followed by a peak in 2019 with 32 applications. The study is distributed in three main application areas: cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. The Asian continent was the region with the world leadership in this theme, followed by Brazil. Thus, technological prospection studies can foster investments in translational research to elucidate the effects and properties of Amazonian fruits, which can generate sustainable development of new products with industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Devequi Gomes Nunes
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dantas Viana
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Edson Pablo Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Amazônia – CBA/SUFRAMA – Avenida Governador Danilo de Matos Aerosa, Distrito Industrial, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
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Alessandra-Perini J, Machado DE, Palmero CY, Claudino MC, de Moura RS, Palumbo Junior A, Perini JA, Nasciutti LE. Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí) exhibits cardioprotective effects after chemotherapy treatment in a breast cancer model. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37626388 PMCID: PMC10463785 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Açaí, a Brazilian native fruit, has already been demonstrated to play a role in the progress of breast cancer and cardiotoxicity promoted by chemotherapy agents. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of açaí and the FAC-D chemotherapy protocol in a breast cancer model in vivo. METHODS Mammary carcinogenesis was induced in thirty female Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in the mammary gland. After sixty days, the rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 45 consecutive days. The FAC-D protocol was initiated after 90 days of induction by intraperitoneal injection for 3 cycles with a 7-day break each. After treatment, blood was collected for haematological and biochemical analyses, and tumours were collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. In the same way, heart, liver, and kidney samples were also collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. RESULTS Breast cancer was found as a cystic mass with a fibrotic pattern in the mammary gland. The histological analysis showed an invasive carcinoma area in both groups; however, in the saline group, there was a higher presence of inflammatory clusters. No difference was observed regarding body weight, glycaemia, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and urea in either group. However, açaí treatment decreased creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB), troponin I and C-reactive protein levels and increased the number of neutrophils and monocytes. Heart histopathology showed normal myocardium in the açaí treatment, while the saline group presented higher toxicity effects with loss of architecture of cardiac tissue. Furthermore, the açaí treatment presented greater collagen distribution, increased hydroxyproline concentration and lower H2AX immunostaining in the heart samples. CONCLUSION Açaí decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the tumor environment and exhibited protection against chemotherapy drug cardiotoxicity with an increased immune response in animals. Thus, açaí can be considered a promising low-cost therapeutic treatment that can be used in association with chemotherapy agents to avoid heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Celia Yelimar Palmero
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 9UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marllow Caetano Claudino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio Palumbo Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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A’yuni DQ, Sa’adi A, Widjiati W. Ethanol extract of basil ( Ocimum Basilicum L.) leaves inhibits endometriosis growth in a mouse model by modulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. J Med Life 2023; 16:1224-1230. [PMID: 38024822 PMCID: PMC10652688 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of administering an ethanol extract obtained from basil leaves on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the severity of endometriosis lesions in a mouse model. A total of 28 female mice, aged 2-3 months and weighing 20-30 grams, were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (C), treatment group 1 (T1) receiving a dose of basil leaf ethanol extract (0.21 mg/g-BW), treatment group 2 (T2) receiving a higher dose (0.42 mg/g BW), and treatment group 3 (T3) receiving the highest dose (0.84 mg/g-BW). Each group underwent a 14-day treatment period, and tissue samples were collected on the 29th day. An immunohistochemical examination was conducted to assess the expression of VEGF and evaluate the severity of endometriosis lesions. The statistical analysis of VEGF expression revealed a significant difference (p=0.026; p<0.05), with the most pronounced effects observed when administering basil leaf ethanol extract at doses of 0.21 mg/g-BW and 0.42 mg/g-BW. Although not statistically significant (p=0.271; p<0.05), a reduction in the severity of endometriosis lesions was observed following the administration of basil leaf ethanol extract at doses of 0.21 mg/g-BW and 0.42 mg/g-BW. Administering basil leaf ethanol extract at doses of 0.21 mg/g-BW and 0.42 mg/g-BW effectively decreased VEGF expression and limited the severity of endometriosis lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashon Sa’adi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Widjiati Widjiati
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Custódio Neto da Silva MA, Araújo Souza Wolff L, Assunção Borges KR, Alvares Marques Vale A, Silva de Azevedo-Santos AP, Pascoal Xavier MA, Lacerda Barbosa MDC, Soares Brandão Nascimento MDD, Ernesto de Carvalho J. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) byproduct reduces tumor size and modulates inflammation in Ehrlich mice model. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
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Machado DE, Saggioro EM, Sales Junior SF, Alessandra-Perini J, de Campos Gomes Diniz L, Coelho WS, Zancan P, Perini JA. Clotrimazole is effective, safe and tolerable for the treatment of endometriosis and functions by downregulating inducible nitric oxide synthase and modulating oxidative stress biomarkers. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 564:111883. [PMID: 36736881 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism of action of clotrimazole (CTZ) and its adverse effects in a model of endometriosis. After autologous endometrial implantation, 18 rats were randomized into two treatment groups: 200 mg/kg CTZ or vehicle for 15 consecutive days. The lesion growth, implant size, glandular atrophy, nitric oxide (NO) serum levels, number of macrophage cells and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunoreactivity were significantly reduced in the CTZ group compared with the control. CTZ (p < 0.05) reduced the lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels in the liver but did not alter the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) or glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels in the brain; however, the drug significantly reduced SOD activity and enhanced GST activity in the liver. These results suggest that CTZ interferes with reactive nitrogen species production by downregulating iNOS expression and thus enhances the antioxidant system to promote atrophy and regression of endometriotic lesions, without adverse effects on the brain and/or liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana de Campos Gomes Diniz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner Santos Coelho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Laurindo LF, Barbalho SM, Araújo AC, Guiguer EL, Mondal A, Bachtel G, Bishayee A. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in Health and Disease: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040989. [PMID: 36839349 PMCID: PMC9965320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), a species belonging to the Arecaceae family, has been cultivated for thousands of years in tropical Central and South America as a multipurpose dietary plant. The recent introduction of açaí fruit and its nutritional and healing qualities to regions outside its origin has rapidly expanded global demand for açaí berry. The health-promoting and disease-preventing properties of this plant are attributed to numerous bioactive phenolic compounds present in the leaf, pulp, fruit, skin, and seeds. The purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical evaluation of the health benefits of açaí and its phytochemicals with a special focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that açaí possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exerts cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, renoprotective, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, and antineoplastic activities. Moreover, clinical trials have suggested that açaí can protect against metabolic stress induced by oxidation, inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and physical exertion. Due to its medicinal properties and the absence of undesirable effects, açaí shows a promising future in health promotion and disease prevention, in addition to a vast economic potential in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743 234, India
| | - Gabrielle Bachtel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: or
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Guo R, Yi Z, Wang Y, Wang L. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule in endometriosis treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1110995. [PMID: 36817586 PMCID: PMC9935822 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1110995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC) is gradually becoming widely used in the treatment of endometriosis (EMs) and has demonstrated an excellent curative effect in the clinic. However, the active components and mechanisms of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC) in the treatment of endometriosis (EMs) remain unclear, and further research is needed to explore the effects of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC). MATERIALS AND METHODS First, a drug target database of Sanjie Zhentong capsule (SZC) was established by consulting the TCMSP database and related literature. An endometriosis (EMs) disease target database was then established by consulting the GeneCards, OMIM and Drug Bank databases. The overlapping genes of SZC and EMs were determined, and protein-protein interactions (PPIs), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) analyses were performed to predict the potential therapeutic mechanisms. Molecular docking was used to observe whether the key active ingredients and targets predicted by network pharmacology had good binding energy. Finally, in vitro experiments such as CCK-8, flow cytometry and RT-PCR assays were carried out to preliminarily verify the potential mechanisms. RESULTS Through the construction of a pharmacological network, we identified a total of 28 active components in SZC and 52 potential therapeutic targets. According to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, the effects of SZC treatment may be related to oxidative stress, steroid metabolism, apoptosis and proliferation. We also experimentally confirmed that SZC can regulate the expression of steroid hormone biosynthesis-related genes, inhibit ectopic endometrial stromal cell (EESC) proliferation and oxidative stress, and promote apoptosis. CONCLUSION This study explored the potential mechanism of SZC in the treatment of EMs through network pharmacology and experiments, providing a basis for further future research on SZC in the treatment of EMs.
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Akarca-Dizakar SÖ, Demirel MA, Coşkun Akçay N, Sipahi M, Karakoç Sökmensüer L, Boyunaga H, Köylü A, Ömeroğlu S. The therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 on surgically induced endometriosis in Sprague Dawley rats. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:3290-3298. [PMID: 36048875 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of endometriosis rat models. Twenty seven Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Control Group (n = 7; Endometriosis group), Reference Group (n = 6; Endometriosis + Buserelin acetate, 20 mg/kg), CoQ10 Group-I (n = 7; Endometriosis + CoQ10, 50 mg/kg) and CoQ10 Group-II (n = 7; Endometriosis + CoQ10, 100 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, all the rats were sacrificed, and the volume and histoarchitecture of endometrial implants were evaluated. The mast cells were determined by Toluidine blue and collagen fiber density was analysed by Masson's Trichrome staining. Tumour necrosis factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in peritoneal fluid and VEGF and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Terminal deoxynucleotidil transferase-mediated dUTP Nick end labelling (TUNEL) was also used for the detection of apoptotic cells. The CoQ10 treatment significantly decreased the volume of endometriotic implants, VEGF, and MMP-9 immunoreactivity and increased TUNEL-positive cells. The findings of the study suggest that CoQ10 can be used in endometriosis treatment by suppressing the endometriotic implants.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Endometriosis is a gynaecological disorder and previous studies have shown that different treatments with antioxidants cause significant regression in the endometriotic implants.What the results of this study add? In this study, CoQ10 reduced intra-abdominal adhesion scores and volume of the endometriotic implants. In addition, CoQ10 treatment affected mast cell, TNF-α, VEGF, and MMP-9.What of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? CoQ10 treatments may be possible to apply, it can contribute to science in terms of a new therapeutic treatment for endometriosis. Further studies are required to evaluate the Coenzyme Q10's effects on pain and subfertility in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mürşide Ayşe Demirel
- Laboratory Animals Breeding and Experimental Researches Center, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Coşkun Akçay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sipahi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Lale Karakoç Sökmensüer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Boyunaga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Ayse Köylü
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suna Ömeroğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Cheng J, Li C, Ying Y, Lv J, Qu X, McGowan E, Lin Y, Zhu X. Metformin Alleviates Endometriosis and Potentiates Endometrial Receptivity via Decreasing VEGF and MMP9 and Increasing Leukemia Inhibitor Factor and HOXA10. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750208. [PMID: 35273494 PMCID: PMC8902464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis affects endometrial receptivity, a key factor for successful embryo implantation. Metformin treatment is associated with alleviating the symptoms of endometriosis; however the mechanism of metformin action is unclear. Neoangiogenesis plays an important role in the development and recurrence of endometriosis. In addition, the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and HOXA10 genes are also distinguishing markers of endometriosis (decrease) and endometrial receptivity (increase). This study investigated the therapeutic potentials of metformin and the underlying mechanism using an in vivo rat endometriosis model. Methods: Female Wistar albino mature rats with experimentally induced endometriosis were used in this study. Metformin was administered at doses of 100 mg/kg/d and 200 mg/kg/d. The volume of endometriotic implants was assessed. The protein and mRNA expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), the endometrial receptivity markers, LIF and HOXA10, were measured in the endometrium of rats with endometriosis. Results: Metformin treatment significantly suppressed the growth of endometriotic implants. Further, the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 protein and mRNA in endometriotic implants were significantly reduced. Metformin also significantly upregulated LIF and HOXA10 expression in endometrium from rats with endometriosis. The inhibitory effect of metformin on the growth of endometriotic implants, VEGF and MMP-9, and upregulating effect on LIF and HOXA10, was optimal at a dose of 100 mg/kg/d. Conclusion: Our in vivo data demonstrates that metformin treatment alleviates endometriosis and potentiates endometrial receptivity. The underlying mechanisms are associated with decreased expression of VEGF and MMP-9 genes and upregulation of the LIF and HOXA10 genes. The effect of metformin was optimal at 100 mg/kg/d. These findings provide a potential alternative for women with endometriosis with the potential to increase fertility. Metformin is an approved drug by FDA for diabetes and this study may add another potential clinical use for metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianqin Qu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eileen McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Ke J, Ye J, Li M, Zhu Z. The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Endometriosis: A Potential Target. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111739. [PMID: 34827737 PMCID: PMC8615881 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a condition that is influenced by hormones and involves stroma and glands being found outside the uterus; there are increases in proliferation, invasion, internal bleeding, and fibrosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been suggested to be crucial in the progression of invasion. The MMP family includes calcium-dependent zinc-containing endopeptidases, some of which not only affect the process of cell invasion but also participate in other physiological and pathological processes, such as angiogenesis and fibrosis. MMPs act as downstream-targeted molecules and their expression can be regulated by numerous factors such as estrogen, oxidative stress, cytokines, and environmental contaminants. Given their unique roles in endometriosis, MMPs may become effective biomarkers of endometriosis in the future. In the present review, we summarize the current literature on MMPs regarding their classification, function, and potential value for endometriosis, which may contribute to our knowledge of MMPs and MMP-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiangfeng Ye
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
| | - Mingqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (Z.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-3318-9900-6420 (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhiling Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (Z.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-3318-9900-6420 (Z.Z.)
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Hung SW, Zhang R, Tan Z, Chung JPW, Zhang T, Wang CC. Pharmaceuticals targeting signaling pathways of endometriosis as potential new medical treatment: A review. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2489-2564. [PMID: 33948974 PMCID: PMC8252000 DOI: 10.1002/med.21802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM) is defined as endometrial tissues found outside the uterus. Growth and development of endometriotic cells in ectopic sites can be promoted via multiple pathways, including MAPK/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, Rho/ROCK, reactive oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor, transforming growth factor-β, Wnt/β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, estrogen, and cytokines. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms include proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, migration, invasion, fibrosis, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune escape. Current medical treatments for EM are mainly hormonal and symptomatic, and thus the development of new, effective, and safe pharmaceuticals targeting specific molecular and signaling pathways is needed. Here, we systematically reviewed the literature focused on pharmaceuticals that specifically target the molecular and signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of EM. Potential drug targets, their upstream and downstream molecules with key aberrant signaling, and the regulatory mechanisms promoting the growth and development of endometriotic cells and tissues were discussed. Hormonal pharmaceuticals, including melatonin, exerts proapoptotic via regulating matrix metallopeptidase activity while nonhormonal pharmaceutical sorafenib exerts antiproliferative effect via MAPK/ERK pathway and antiangiogenesis activity via VEGF/VEGFR pathway. N-acetyl cysteine, curcumin, and ginsenoside exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via radical scavenging activity. Natural products have high efficacy with minimal side effects; for example, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate have multiple targets and provide synergistic efficacy to resolve the complexity of the pathophysiology of EM, showing promising efficacy in treating EM. Although new medical treatments are currently being developed, more detailed pharmacological studies and large sample size clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of these treatments in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and GeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou
| | - Zhouyurong Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | | | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
- Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
- Chinese University of Hong Kong‐Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
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Endometriosis: New Perspective for the Diagnosis of Certain Cytokines in Women and Adolescent Girls, as Well as the Progression of Disease Outgrowth: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094726. [PMID: 33946650 PMCID: PMC8125151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disorder that undoubtedly impacts on quality of life, and is one of the more complex and mysterious illnesses of our century, which is associated with the improper growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. This pathologically implanted tissue can be found most frequently in the minor pelvis, but also in the peritoneal cavity, and can affect many organs, leading to chronic pelvic pain syndrome, infertility, and dysmenorrhea. Endometrial tissue is a particularly dynamic tissue that has a direct impact on the progression of the disease, with altered immunity, as well as cytokine storms within the metaplastic endometriotic site, as possible key factors. Currently, diagnosis of this mysterious chronic illness relies on performing a laparoscopic procedure with tissue sampling. One of the most troublesome outcomes of this unintended progression is that we lack any specific, sensitive, non-invasive diagnostic tools. Currently, the vast majority of regime stewardship options rely on anti-contraceptive drugs, or other remedies that suppress the release of estrogen through the gonads-although in most clinical trials, endometriosis is a chronic progressive disorder that depends mostly on the high concentration of estrogen. Moreover, many specific trials have demonstrated that the eutopic endometrial cells in individuals with endometriosis remain much more resistant to the immunological annihilation process caused by certain elements of the immune system. Nevertheless, eutopic endometrial cells have the potential to similarly escalate the expression of aromatase receptors on the surface of the pathological cells, which in the final cascade cause an increase in the concentration of estrogen, as well as other inflammatory proteins that contribute to pathological outgrowth. Data reveal occurrence among first-degree relatives, suggesting that the specific cascade could be related to inherited as well as epigenetic (acquired) mechanisms. In women with the disease, confirmed by laparoscopic procedures, diagnosis of endometriosis can be established also via detection by gene polymorphism in the genes which are responsible for responsible for the detoxification phase of estrogen receptors and other immunomodulator components. A recent publication aims to reveal a new prospect for the non-invasive diagnosis, detection, and estimation of certain biomarkers for much more specific investigation of the disease's progression.
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Costa R, Azevedo D, Barata P, Soares R, Guido LF, Carvalho DO. Antiangiogenic and Antioxidant In Vitro Properties of Hydroethanolic Extract from açaí ( Euterpe oleracea) Dietary Powder Supplement. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072011. [PMID: 33916166 PMCID: PMC8036632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Euterpe oleracea fruit (açaí) is a promising source of polyphenols with health-promoting properties. To our knowledge, few studies have focused on the influence of açaí phytochemicals on angiogenesis, with a significant impact on cancer. This study aimed at investigating the phytochemical profile of a purple açaí hydroethanolic extract (AHE) obtained from a commercial dietary powder supplement by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and evaluate its in vitro effects on distinct angiogenic steps during vessel growth and on oxidative markers in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). The phenolic profile of AHE revealed the presence of significant levels of anthocyanins, mainly cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, and other flavonoids with promising health effects. The in vitro studies demonstrated that AHE exerts antiangiogenic activity with no cytotoxic effect. The AHE was able to decrease HMEC-1 migration and invasion potential, as well as to inhibit the formation of capillary-like structures. Additionally, AHE increased antioxidant defenses by upregulating superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymatic activities, accompanied by a reduction in the production of reactive oxygen species. These data bring new insights into the potential application of angiogenic inhibitors present in AHE on the development of novel therapeutic approaches for angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Costa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.); (P.B.); (R.S.)
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Daniela Azevedo
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Barata
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.); (P.B.); (R.S.)
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.); (P.B.); (R.S.)
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Luís F. Guido
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Daniel O. Carvalho
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-220-40-26-39
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Filho JMDM, Neto JN, Gomes LMRDS, Ramos ISF, Oliveira SSR, Melo GCF, Silva LA, Moura ECR, Leal PDC. Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) as a Complementary Option for Clinical Treatment of Endometriosis: An Experimental Study in Rats. J Med Food 2021; 24:342-347. [PMID: 32833559 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis was induced (autotransplant) in Wistar rats. After 21 days, the rats were randomly divided into two groups (16 female rats each). Control group was forced-fed 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and the ginger group was forced-fed 0.5 mg/100 g of Zingiber officinale Roscoe fresh extract, both by gavage, for 14 days, in addition to their normal diet. After that, an anesthetic dose (ketamine/xylazine) was administered until euthanasia. Peritoneal lavage fluid was collected to evaluate tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and autotransplant was measured and excised to evaluate histology. The final mean volumes were larger in the control group (120.92 mm3 ± 78.91) than in the ginger group (40.50 mm3 ± 19.57) (P = .01). The endometriosis foci increased in the control group from 45.10 mm3 ± 29.96 at 21 days postimplantation to 120.92 mm3 ± 78.91 on the day of euthanasia (P = .02). In the ginger group, a slight increase was observed from 38.43 mm3 ± 19.96 to 40.50 mm3 ± 19.57, without statistical difference (P = .83). In addition, a greater increase in growth of the endometriosis foci was found when compared with the control (75.81 mm3 ± 58.95) and ginger groups (2.07 mm3 ± 18.87) (P = .004). No difference was found in TNF-α (P = .51) and in IL-6 (P = .12). The degree of lesion atrophy was higher in the ginger group (1 ± 0.92) than in the control group (2.25 ± 1.16) (P = .03). The ginger extract reduced and atrophied autotransplanted endometriosis foci, but did not reduce IL-6 and TNF-α in the peritoneal lavage fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Nogueira Neto
- Department of Medicine I, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
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An Overview on the Conservative Management of Endometriosis from a Naturopathic Perspective: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030587. [PMID: 33804660 PMCID: PMC8003677 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease, which affects millions of young women worldwide. Although medicine has incontestably evolved in the last years, there is no common ground regarding the early and accurate diagnosis of this condition, its pathogenic mechanisms, and curative treatment. Even though the spontaneous resolution of endometriosis is sometimes possible, recent reports suggested that it can be a progressive condition. It can associate chronic pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, infertility, or malignant degenerescence. Conventional treatments could produce many side effects, and despite treatment, the symptoms may reappear. In recent years, experimental evidence suggested that plant-based medicine could exert beneficial effects on endometriosis and endometriosis-related symptoms. This study aims to highlight the pharmaceutical activity of phytochemicals and medicinal plants against endometriosis and to provide a source of information regarding the alternative treatment of this condition. Methods: For this review, we performed a research using PubMed, GoogleScholar, and CrossRef databases. We selected the articles published between January 2000 and July 2020, written in English. Results: We found 17 medicinal plants and 13 phytochemicals, which have demonstrated their beneficial effects against endometriosis. Several of their biological activities consist of antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory effects, and oxidative-stress reduction. Conclusion: Medicinal herbs and their bioactive compounds exhibit antiangiogenic, antioxidant, sedative and pain-alleviating properties and the effects recorded until now encourage their use for the conservative management of endometriosis.
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Gupta E, Mishra P. Functional Food with Some Health Benefits, So Called Superfood: A Review. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200717171048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The possible beneficial properties of functional foods are due to their content in bioactive
ingredients, with specific biological properties. A number of processed functional foods are available
in the market - probiotic yogurt, calcium and ω-3 fatty acids enriched orange juice and milk. Simultaneously,
new research studies confer potential health benefits of various conventional foods (salmon,
berries, green tea, vegetables, fruits, nuts, cereals and breads, etc.) termed as “superfood” which
is a marketing term and there is no established medical definition. Following suitable dietary patterns,
superfood reduces the risk of degenerative diseases by promoting physical and emotional
health. Scientific evidences suggest that superfoods are a dense source of antioxidants, minerals, vitamins
and other nutrients. There is insufficient research on the exact explanation of the term ‘superfood’and
its health claims by different companies without any legislation. This buzz word has created
confusion among consumers, that how much and what quantity should make a food superfood, as
no single food may be as nutritious to be stated as a superfood. This article introduces further investigation
on superfood which was categorized on the basis of their major constituents and potential
health benefits. Further, there is a need for more reviews, researches, clinical trials and human case
studies to investigate or test superfood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Gupta
- Department of Homescience, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Pragya Mishra
- Food Processing and Management, DDU Kaushal Kendra, RGSC, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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Meresman GF, Götte M, Laschke MW. Plants as source of new therapies for endometriosis: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:367-392. [PMID: 33124671 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the disadvantages and limitations of current endometriosis therapy, there is a progressive increase in studies focusing on plant-derived agents as a natural treatment option with the intention of achieving high efficiency, avoiding adverse effects and preserving the chance for successful pregnancy. The heterogeneity of these studies in terms of evaluated agents, applied approaches and outcomes illustrates the need for an up-to-date summary and critical view on this rapidly growing field in endometriosis research. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review provides a comprehensive overview of plant-derived agents and natural treatment strategies that are under preclinical or clinical investigation and critically evaluates their potential for future endometriosis therapy. SEARCH METHODS An English language PubMed literature search was performed using variations of the terms 'endometriosis', 'natural therapy', 'herb/herbal', 'plant', 'flavonoid', 'polyphenol', 'phytochemical', 'bioactive', 'Kampo' and 'Chinese medicine'. It included both animal and human studies. Moreover, the Clinicaltrials.gov database was searched with the term 'endometriosis' for clinical trials on plant-derived agents. No restriction was set for the publication date. OUTCOMES Natural therapies can be assigned to three categories: (i) herbal extracts, (ii) specific plant-derived bioactive compounds and (iii) Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Agents of the first category have been shown to exert anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-oxidant effects on endometrial cells and endometriotic lesions. However, the existing evidence supporting their use in endometriosis therapy is quite limited. The most studied specific plant-derived bioactive compounds are resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, puerarin, ginsenosides, xanthohumol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, quercetin, apigenin, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, wogonin, baicalein, parthenolide, andrographolide and cannabinoids, with solid evidence about their inhibitory activity in experimental endometriosis models. Their mechanisms of action include pleiotropic effects on known signalling effectors: oestrogen receptor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-1 and -6, tumour necrosis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor-kappa B, matrix metalloproteinases as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis-related proteins. Numerous studies suggest that treatment with CHM is a good choice for endometriosis management. Even under clinical conditions, this approach has already been shown to decrease the size of endometriotic lesions, alleviate chronic pelvic pain and reduce postoperative recurrence rates. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The necessity to manage endometriosis as a chronic disease highlights the importance of identifying novel and affordable long-term safety therapeutics. For this purpose, natural plant-derived agents represent promising candidates. Many of these agents exhibit a pleiotropic action profile, which simultaneously inhibits fundamental processes in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, such as proliferation, inflammation, ROS formation and angiogenesis. Hence, their inclusion into multimodal treatment concepts may essentially contribute to increase the therapeutic efficiency and reduce the side effects of future endometriosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F Meresman
- Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME-CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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de Almeida Magalhães TSS, de Oliveira Macedo PC, Converti A, Neves de Lima ÁA. The Use of Euterpe oleracea Mart. As a New Perspective for Disease Treatment and Prevention. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060813. [PMID: 32466439 PMCID: PMC7356995 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (EO), popularly known as açaí, belongs to the Arecaceae family and grows abundantly in Brazil. The fruit of this palm tree is widely used because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this review, a search for literature and patent technological prospecting has been performed on the use of EO to treat and prevent diseases as well as to prepare pharmaceutical formulations. EO leaves, fruits, and oil stand out for their large number of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, anticancer, anti-atherogenic, and healing activities, protection against metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, and protection of organs such as lung, kidney, liver, heart, and nervous system. While the phytochemical composition is intrinsically linked to identified biological activities, discoveries of the past decade concerning the use of this species have shown pharmacological alternatives mainly in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer and metabolic syndromes. Although studies and inventions on the use of EO though are believed to have been important in light of the pharmacological activities found, few clinical and toxicity tests have been performed. Nevertheless, with the increase of interest in EO, this species is believed to be only at the beginning of the breakthroughs in the development of promising products for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Sévia Soares de Almeida Magalhães
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
| | - Pollyana Cristina de Oliveira Macedo
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Genoa University, I-16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Ádley Antonini Neves de Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(84)-99928-8864
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Bina F, Daglia M, Santarcangelo C, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M, Nabavi SM, Tabarrai M, Rahimi R. Phytochemical profiling and ameliorative effects of Achillea cretica L. on rat model of endometriosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112747. [PMID: 32156636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achillea cretica (AC) is a medicinal plant emphasized for treatment of gynecological disorders and pathological symptoms similar to endometriosis in traditional Persian medicine. Since information about its chemical constituents is limited, the aim of this study is to investigate phenolic composition of AC extract as well as its effect on experimental model of endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis was used for the determination of polyphenolic compounds. Endometriosis was induced in rats by suturing of uterus segments to abdominal wall of same rat, after eight weeks when the model was induced, it was followed by 28 days of treatment with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day of hydroethanolic extract of the plant. Blood samples and implanted tissues were collected in the final day, and area of foci, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-6, and serum total thiol molecules were measured and compared with positive group (0.2 mg/kg/day letrozole) and control group (solvent of extract: normal saline). Implanted tissue sections of the sacrificed rats were also assessed histopathologically. RESULTS Nine polyphenolic compounds were identified in AC extract including 7 flavonoids and 2 phenolic acids. Plant extract decreased area of foci and cytokine levels in serum and local tissue. Histopathological assessments confirmed the effectiveness of treatments by decreasing the thickness of epithelial layer and increasing the infiltration of leukocytes into this layer. Doses of 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of extract showed better effects in comparison with the dose of 200 mg/kg in reduction of cytokine levels and size of implanted tissue. Extract and letrozole did not demonstrate significant effect on thiol level. CONCLUSION AC aerial extract may be a favorable medicine for management of endometriosis by modulating inflammatory cytokines; however, further studies are needed for more conclusive and reliable decision about its efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bina
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Tabarrai
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Evidence-Based Medicine Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Biomarkers for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051750. [PMID: 32143439 PMCID: PMC7084761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early and accurate diagnosis of endometriosis is crucial for the management of this benign, yet debilitating pathology. Despite the advances of modern medicine, there is no common ground regarding the pathophysiology of this disease as it continues to affect the quality of life of millions of women of reproductive age. The lack of specific symptoms often determines a belated diagnosis. The gold standard remains invasive, surgery followed by a histopathological exam. A biomarker or a panel of biomarkers is easy to measure, usually noninvasive, and could benefit the clinician in both diagnosing and monitoring the treatment response. Several studies have advanced the idea of biomarkers for endometriosis, thereby circumventing unnecessary invasive techniques. Our paper aims at harmonizing the results of these studies in the search of promising perspectives on early diagnosis. METHODS We selected the papers from Google Academic, PubMed, and CrossRef and reviewed recent articles from the literature, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of various putative serum and urinary biomarkers for endometriosis. RESULTS The majority of studies focused on a panel of biomarkers, rather than a single biomarker and were unable to identify a single biomolecule or a panel of biomarkers with sufficient specificity and sensitivity in endometriosis. CONCLUSION Noninvasive biomarkers, proteomics, genomics, and miRNA microarray may aid the diagnosis, but further research on larger datasets along with a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms are needed.
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Barbosa PO, de Souza MO, Pala D, Freitas RN. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Martius) as an antioxidant. Pathology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815972-9.00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chadchan SB, Cheng M, Parnell LA, Yin Y, Schriefer A, Mysorekar IU, Kommagani R. Antibiotic therapy with metronidazole reduces endometriosis disease progression in mice: a potential role for gut microbiota. Hum Reprod 2019; 34:1106-1116. [PMID: 31037294 PMCID: PMC6554192 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does altering gut microbiota with antibiotic treatment have any impact on endometriosis progression? SUMMARY ANSWER Antibiotic therapy reduces endometriosis progression in mice, possibly by reducing specific gut bacteria. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Endometriosis, a chronic condition causing abdominal pain and infertility, afflicts up to 10% of women between the ages of 25 and 40, ~5 million women in the USA. Current treatment strategies, including hormone therapy and surgery, have significant side effects and do not prevent recurrences. We have little understanding of why some women develop endometriosis and others do not. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics or metronidazole, subjected to surgically-induced endometriosis and assayed after 21 days. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The volumes and weights of endometriotic lesions and histological signatures were analysed. Proliferation and inflammation in lesions were assessed by counting cells that were positive for the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the macrophage marker Iba1, respectively. Differences in faecal bacterial composition were assessed in mice with and without endometriosis, and faecal microbiota transfer studies were performed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In mice treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics (vancomycin, neomycin, metronidazole and ampicillin), endometriotic lesions were significantly smaller (~ 5-fold; P < 0.01) with fewer proliferating cells (P < 0.001) than those in mice treated with vehicle. Additionally, inflammatory responses, as measured by the macrophage marker Iba1 in lesions and IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-β1 in peritoneal fluid, were significantly reduced in mice treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics (P < 0.05). In mice treated with metronidazole only, but not in those treated with neomycin, ectopic lesions were significantly (P < 0.001) smaller in volume than those from vehicle-treated mice. Finally, oral gavage of faeces from mice with endometriosis restored the endometriotic lesion growth and inflammation (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in metronidazole-treated mice. LARGE-SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION These findings are from a mouse model of surgically-induced endometriosis. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism by which gut bacteria promote inflammation, identify bacterial genera or species that promote disease progression and assess the translatability of these findings to humans. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings suggest that gut bacteria promote endometriosis progression in mice. This finding if translated to humans, could aid in the development of improved diagnostic tools and personalised treatment strategies. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was funded, in part, by: a National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) grant (R00HD080742) to RK; Washington University School of Medicine start-up funds to RK; an Endometriosis Foundation of America Research Award to R.K.; and an NIH/NICHD grant (R01HD091218) to IUM. The authors report no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangappa B Chadchan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Lindsay A Parnell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Yin Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew Schriefer
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO 63110, USA
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Kapoor R, Sirohi VK, Gupta K, Dwivedi A. Naringenin ameliorates progression of endometriosis by modulating Nrf2/Keap1/HO1 axis and inducing apoptosis in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 70:215-226. [PMID: 31252288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is mainly characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue exterior to the uterus, however, the exact pathophysiology of this disease still remains uncertain. Moreover, the incidence significantly contributes to infertility among women and hence, a novel treatment for endometriosis is widely investigated. Naringenin is a plant-derived flavonoid having anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties in chronic and metabolic diseases. The current study was planned with an objective to demonstrate the anti-endometriotic therapeutic potential of naringenin in rats and to examine its impact on various cellular aspects with a view to define the mechanism involved. The endometrial lesion volumes, weight, serum TNF-α level and the histopathologic scores were significantly reduced in the naringenin- treated group as compared to the endometriotic control group. Naringenin ameliorated the expression of prognostic markers (TAK1, PAK1, VEGF and PCNA) involved in development and progression of endometriotic cells. Naringenin caused dose-dependent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in these cells. Further, a significant increase in level of Nrf2 and its downstream molecules (NQO1, HO-1) was found in endometriotic lesion, with a subsequent decrease in its repressor molecule Keap-1. Naringenin significantly modulated the expression of Nrf2 and its effector molecules downstream. It also inhibited the invasion of endometrial cells by reducing the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in in-vitro primary culture. We conclude that naringenin may have a therapeutic potential in the treatment of endometriosis via induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis and its anti-invasive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Kapoor
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Sirohi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Kanchan Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anila Dwivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Mattos RMD, Machado DE, Perini JA, Alessandra-Perini J, Meireles da Costa NDO, Wiecikowski AFDRDO, Cabral KMDS, Takiya CM, Carvalho RS, Nasciutti LE. Galectin-3 plays an important role in endometriosis development and is a target to endometriosis treatment. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 486:1-10. [PMID: 30753853 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze galectin-3 importance in endometriotic lesions development and the effect of recombinant Gal-3 carbohydrate recognition domain (Gal3C) in experimental endometriosis treatment. Experimental endometriosis was induced in WT and Gal-3-/- mice. Initially developed lesions were macroscopically and histologically analyzed, including immunohistochemical analysis. Then, WT mice were treated with Gal3C for 15 days. Gal-3 deficiency and Gal3C treatment significantly impaired endometriosis development. A significant decrease in lesions implantation and size, VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression, vascular density and macrophage distribution were observed in Gal-3 absence or inhibition. A greater presence of iNOS positive cells was observed in knockout mice lesions, while the presence of Arginase positive cells was higher in the WT animal lesions. In addition, COX-2 and TGFb1 were reduced by Gal3C treatment. Data showed here indicate a relevant role of Gal-3 in endometriosis development and highlight a target of endometriosis treatment using Gal-3 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Medina de Mattos
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; University Center IBMR, Laureate Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Zone State University - UEZO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Zone State University - UEZO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Zone State University - UEZO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Katia Maria Dos Santos Cabral
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging (CENABIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato Sampaio Carvalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Targets, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Machado DE, Perini JA, de Mendonça EM, Branco JR, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, Alessandra-Perini J, Espíndola-Netto JM, Dos Santos TA, Coelho WS, Nasciutti LE, Sola-Penna M, Zancan P. Clotrimazole is effective for the regression of endometriotic implants in a Wistar rat experimental model of endometriosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 476:17-26. [PMID: 29689297 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate molecular, angiogenic and inflammatory changes induced by clotrimazole (CTZ) on endometriosis lesions. For this, thirty female Wistar rats with surgically implanted autologous endometrium were treated with CTZ or vehicle (200 mg/kg) via esophageal gavage for 15 consecutive days. CTZ treatment significantly decreased the growth and the size of the implants, and histological examination indicated regression and atrophy, with no toxicity to the animals. The levels of the angiogenic markers VEGF and VEGFR-2 were significantly decreased in CTZ group. The treatment also promotes a reduction on PGE2 and TNF-α levels. All these effects involve the amelioration of ERK1/2, Akt, AMPK and PERK signaling upon CTZ treatment. In conclusion, CTZ promoted an overall amelioration of endometriosis in a rat model due to the anti-angiogenic properties of the drug. Therefore, our results support the proposal of a clinical trial using CTZ for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erika Menezes de Mendonça
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica Ristow Branco
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karina Cristina Rodrigues-Baptista
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica Alessandra-Perini
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jair Machado Espíndola-Netto
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thiago Alves Dos Santos
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wagner Santos Coelho
- Unidade de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (BioTecFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Bina F, Soleymani S, Toliat T, Hajimahmoodi M, Tabarrai M, Abdollahi M, Rahimi R. Plant-derived medicines for treatment of endometriosis: A comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:76-90. [PMID: 30412733 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease with inflammatory lesions at extra-uterine sites, causing pelvic pain and fertility reduction. Conventional therapies primarily focus on reducing systemic levels of estrogens; however, they do not have desirable effectiveness and possess considerable side effects. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the use of herbal medicine for the treatment of endometriosis. In this paper, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and Google Scholar were searched to obtain any studies evaluating any herbal products in the management of endometriosis. Data were collected from 1980 to 2018. Most of studies investigating the effect of herbal medicines in endometriosis were in vitro and animal and only three clinical trials were found; one on Pinus pinaster bark extract (Pycnogenol) and two on Chinese herbal formulas. The studies on phytochemicals had mostly focused on polyphenolic compounds (epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein) and sesquiterpenes (β-caryophyllene, parthenolide). Various molecular mechanisms of action have been involved in beneficial effects of herbal medicines and phytochemicals including anti-inflammatory (via reduction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin -1, interleukin -6, interleukin -8, transforming growth factor-beta, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-kappa B, growth factors, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), antioxidant (through downregulation of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and upregulation of superoxide dismutase), anti-proliferative and apoptotic (via enhancing Bcl-2-associated X protein/ B-cell lymphoma-2 and caspase3, 8 and 9 activity), anti-angiogenic (by downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors/ vascular endothelial growth factor), anti-invasive (via decreasing expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and matrix metalloproteinases), immunomodulatory, and estrogen modulating activities. So, medicinal plants seem to be a valuable source for identifying new drugs for treatment of endometriosis; however, since most of studies are preclinical, further clinical trials are required to achieve more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bina
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Soleymani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Toliat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Tabarrai
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang D, Jiang Y, Yang X, Wei Q, Wang H. 6-Shogaol reduces progression of experimental endometriosis in vivo and in vitro via regulation of VGEF and inhibition of COX-2 and PGE2-mediated inflammatory responses. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 22:627-636. [PMID: 30402023 PMCID: PMC6205945 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.6.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM) is one of the most common gynaecological disorder affecting women in their reproductive age. Mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of EM remains poorly understood, however inflammatory responses have been reported to be significantly involved. The efficacy of 6-shogaol on proliferation of endometriotic lesions and inflammatory pathways in experimentally-induced EM model was explored in this study. EM was stimulated in Sprague-Dawley rats by implantation of autologous endometrium onto the peritoneum abdominal wall. Separate groups were treated with 6-shogaol (50, 100 or 150 mg/kg b.wt/day) via oral gavage for one month period. Gestrinone (GTN) group received GTN (0.5 mg/kg/day) as positive control. Five weeks after implantation, the spherical volume of ecto-uterine tissues was determined. Treatment with 6-shogaol significantly reduced the implant size. Histological analysis reported atrophy and regression of the lesions. 6-shogaol administration effectively down-regulated NF-κB signaling, VEGF and VEGFR-2 (Flk-1) expression in the endometriotic lesions. Excess production of IL-1β and IL-6 (pro-inflammatory cytokines), PGE2 and nitric oxide (NO) were reduced. Overall, the results of the study reveal the efficacy of 6-shogaol against endometriosis via effectively suppressing proliferation of the lesions and modulating angiogenesis and COX-2/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiling Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiong Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430074, China
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Alessandra-Perini J, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, Machado DE, Nasciutti LE, Perini JA. Anticancer potential, molecular mechanisms and toxicity of Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí): A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200101. [PMID: 29966007 PMCID: PMC6028114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an increasingly frequent malignancy worldwide, and despite the advances in drug development, it is still necessary to develop new plant-derived medicines. Euterpe oleracea (açaí) is abundant in South and Central America and has health benefits due to its high levels of phytochemicals, including lignans and polyphenols. The aim of this review was to systematically describe the safety and antitumor effects of açaí in preclinical models using rodents to provide a more comprehensive assessment of açaí for both therapeutic uses and the development of future clinical studies in cancer. Eligible studies were identified using four international databases (PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and SciELO) from their inception date through December 2017. The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (QATRS) to enable better quality control for these experimental studies. Sixty publications were identified in the databases, but only 9 articles were eligible: 6 evaluated the pharmacological effects of açaí in animal models of cancer (1 model each of esophageal cancer, urothelial cancer, melanoma and Walker-256 tumor and 2 models of colon cancer), and 3 were toxicological assays using preclinical models with rodents. Overall, 747 animals were analyzed. On a QATRS score scale of 0-20, the quality of the studies ranged from 16 to 20 points. Pulp was the main fraction of açaí administered, and an oral administration route was most common. The açaí dosage administered by gavage ranged from 30 mg/kg to 40,000 mg/kg, and açaí fed in the diet accounted for 2.5% to 5% of the diet. The anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive activities of açaí were observed in all experimental models of cancer and reduced the incidence, tumor cell proliferation, multiplicity and size of the tumors due to the antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of açaí. No genotoxic effects were observed after açaí administration. The results of this review suggest that açaí is safe and can be used as a chemoprotective agent against cancer development. Açaí therapy may be a novel strategy for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Karina Cristina Rodrigues-Baptista
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University Center IBMR, Laureate Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics—INTO, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sui X, Li Y, Sun Y, Li C, Li X, Zhang G. Expression and significance of autophagy genes LC3, Beclin1 and MMP-2 in endometriosis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1958-1962. [PMID: 30186424 PMCID: PMC6122207 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of autophagy-related proteins, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was investigated in serum and peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis (EM). The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of MMP-2, LC3 and Beclin1 in endometrial tissues of EM patients and correlation of these genes with EM and their significance were evaluated. The serum, peritoneal fluid and endometrial tissues of 84 patients treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University (Qiqihar, China) from March 2016 to March 2017 were collected. The serum, peritoneal fluid and endometrial tissues of 42 EM patients were used as the experimental group, while those of 42 non-EM patients were used as the control group. The levels of LC3, Beclin1 and MMP-2 in serum and peritoneal fluid of EM patients and non-EM patients were quantitatively detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed by comparative analysis based on data in both groups. In addition, mRNA expression of LC3, Beclin1 and MMP-2 in the endometrium in both groups were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and differences in expression of these genes between the groups were analyzed and evaluated. Correlation of LC3, Beclin1 and MMP-2 with EM was explored. Results of ELISA showed that levels of LC3 and Beclin1 in the EM group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while levels of MMP-2 in serum and peritoneal fluid of the EM group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Results of RT-qPCR revealed that mRNA expression of LC3 and Beclin1 in the endometrium of patients in the EM group were obviously decreased compared with those in the control group, while the expression of MMP-2 was high, and differences in expression were statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of MMP-2 is high, and expression of LC3 and Beclin1 is low in serum, peritoneal fluid and endometrium of EM patients, and investigating the expression of MMP-2, LC3 and Beclin1 in EM is helpful to further clarify the pathogenesis of EM, and guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161041, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Sun
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161041, P.R. China
| | - Guiyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Martins ICVS, Borges NA, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Rogez H, Pinheiro MCN, Nascimento JLM, Mafra D. The value of the Brazilian açai fruit as a therapeutic nutritional strategy for chronic kidney disease patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:2207-2220. [PMID: 29915880 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit from the Amazon region in Brazil contains bioactive compounds such as α-tocopherol, anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-glycoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the prebiotic activity of anthocyanins in modulating the composition of gut microbiota has emerged as an additional mechanism by which anthocyanins exert health-promoting effects. Açai consumption may be a nutritional therapeutic strategy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients since these patients present with oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysbiosis. However, the ability of açai to modulate these conditions has not been studied in CKD, and this review presents recent information about açai and its possible therapeutic effects in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C V S Martins
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil.
| | - Natália A Borges
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centre for Agro-food Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compound, UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - José L M Nascimento
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil
- Neuroscience Research, Ceuma University, São Luis, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
- Medical Science Graduate Program, UFF, Niterói, Brazil
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Alessandra-Perini J, Perini JA, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, de Moura RS, Junior AP, dos Santos TA, Souza PJC, Nasciutti LE, Machado DE. Euterpe oleracea extract inhibits tumorigenesis effect of the chemical carcinogen DMBA in breast experimental cancer. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:116. [PMID: 29609579 PMCID: PMC5879811 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Among the processes involved in the breast tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis and inflammation play a central role, and the main factors of these processes are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophages. Recently, the extract of Euterpe oleracea (açaí), a fruit that is widely found in the Amazon region, already showed antitumorigenic effects in vitro in human breast cancer cell lines. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of açaí on breast cancer using a chemically DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene) experimental model. Methods One day after initiation of treatment with açaí, mammary carcinogenesis was induced in female Wistar rats using a subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg of DMBA in the mammary gland. Forty rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 16 consecutive weeks. After treatment, the tumor was collected for macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 -VEGFR-2, COX-2 and matrix metalloproteinase -MMP-9) analyses; peritoneal fluid was subjected to flow cytometry (F4–80/MAC-2+) and ELISA immunoassay (VEGF, prostaglandin E2 -PGE2 and interleukin-10 -IL-10). Heart, liver and kidney samples were collected for histological analysis. Results After 16 weeks of induction, the mammary carcinoma was confirmed by macroscopic and histological evaluation. Survival analysis indicates that açaí increased the survival (P = .0002, long-rank test) and reduced the deaths number (P = .0036, Chi-square test). Açaí treatment decreased the number of inflammatory cells and macrophage positive cells (Mac-2 + F4–80+), as well as promoting a reduction in immunostaining of VEGF, VEGFR-2 and COX-2. The açaí group also exhibited lower concentrations of PGE2, VEGF and IL-10 compared to the control. The histopathological results of the liver and kidneys showed protective effect of açaí, since in the control group, there was an increase in fibrosis, atypical cells and hemorrhagic microenvironment. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated the antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of açaí, like due to the decreases of the number of activated macrophages, resulting in the inhibition of DMBA carcinogenicity in breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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