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Aggarwal K, Singh S, Singla A, Kanagala SG, Anamika F, Singh B, Aggarwal P, Jain R. Unveiling the Silent Intruder: H. pylori's Hidden Link to Ischemic Heart Disease. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00227. [PMID: 38445894 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. In addition to the well-known risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, such as age, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, and obesity, there has been a growing concern regarding cardiac complications stemming from the Gram-negative bacteria Helicobacter pylori. While H. pylori is most commonly associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric lymphoma, it has also been implicated in extra gastric manifestations, encompassing cardiac, neurologic, ocular, and dermatologic issues. Key virulent factors for coronary artery disease include the vacuolating cytotoxin gene A and the cytotoxin-associated gene A. The most likely pathogenic mechanism of the relationship between H. pylori and coronary artery disease is initiating a chronic inflammatory process associated with infection and the modifications of classic risk factors. These alterations lead to the creation of prothrombotic and procoagulant environments. Here, we review the cardiac manifestations of H. pylori and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishk Aggarwal
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Internal Medicine
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ankur Singla
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Fnu Anamika
- Department of Internal Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar, India
| | - Priyanka Aggarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Science & Research, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
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Golestani A, Rahimi A, Moezi Bady SA, Azdaki N, Sajjadi SM. Src homology 2-B adapter protein 3 C784 T and Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677 T Polymorphisms and Inflammation Markers in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients. Angiology 2024; 75:281-287. [PMID: 36650025 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231152693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte (PLR), eosinophil-lymphocyte (ELR), and monocyte-lymphocyte (MLR) ratios are systemic inflammatory markers related to myocardial infarction. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of Src homology 2-B adapter protein 3 (SH2B3) C784 T and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677 T polymorphisms (SNP) with systemic inflammatory markers and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in 150 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method. The inflammatory markers were calculated. An interventional cardiologist blinded to other data assessed the SYNTAX (SX) Score. Eosinophil and platelet counts were significantly higher in SH2B3 variants than in the wild type. Additionally, SH2B3 variants had significantly higher ELR than the wild type (.12 ± .19 vs .25 ± .34, p = .018). NLR, PLR, ELR, and MLR were considerably higher in MTHFR variants than in the wild type (p < .05). The SX score was significantly higher in both SH2B3 C784 T (21.24 ± 8.90 vs 15.29 ± 9.40, p = .00) and MTHFR C677 T (20.34 ± 10.21 vs 16.08 ± 8.39, p = .00) variants when compared with wild type. In conclusion, these polymorphisms are associated with several markers of systemic inflammation as well as the severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Golestani
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Atefeh Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Moezi Bady
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nahid Azdaki
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Sajjadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Tali LDN, Faujo GFN, Konang JLN, Dzoyem JP, Kouitcheu LBM. Relationship between active Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Sub-Saharan setting. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:731. [PMID: 36096730 PMCID: PMC9469600 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation has been reported as one of the novel coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Knowing that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) provokes a local inflammation, the relationship between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention. However, the attempt to demonstrate the association between H. pylori and specific cardiovascular disease risk factors is always a challenging issue due to the conflicting reports in the literatures. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 363 consecutive dyspeptic subjects in three reference health facilities in Cameroon from October 2020 to October 2021. Each participation gave a written consent and the study was approved by the local Ethical Committee. Check-up for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia-related parameters, obesity-related parameter, high blood pressure as well as H. pylori detection was done for each participant. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package. Results Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly associated with higher total cholesterol level (OR: 2.3324, p = 0.0002) and higher LDL cholesterol level (OR: 2.3096, p = 0.0006). The crude OR of H. pylori status on the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) was 1.0813 (p = 0.7300) and the adjusted OR for confounding factors was 1.1785 (p = 0.5095). The strength of the association between H. pylori infection and blood pressure, shows an OR of 1.3807 (p = 0.2991), 1.0060 (p = 0.9855) and 1.4646 (p = 0.2694) for diastolic pressure, hypertension and high heart rate respectively, while that of systolic pressure was 0.8135 (p = 0.4952). H. pylori infection is associated with dyslipidemia in our milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Danny Nguefak Tali
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ghislaine Florice Nintewoue Faujo
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Laure Brigitte Mabeku Kouitcheu
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Old and New Aspects of H. pylori-Associated Inflammation and Gastric Cancer. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9071083. [PMID: 35884067 PMCID: PMC9322908 DOI: 10.3390/children9071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
H. pylori is involved in the development of 80% of gastric cancers and 5.5% of all malignant conditions worldwide. Its persistence within the host’s stomach causes chronic inflammation, which is a well-known hallmark of carcinogenesis. A wide range of cytokines was reported to be involved in the initiation and long-term persistence of this local and systemic inflammation. IL-8 was among the first cytokines described to be increased in patients with H. pylori infection. Although, this cytokine was initially identified to exert a chemoattracting effect that represents a trigger for the activation of inflammatory cells within H.-pylori-infected mucosa, more recent studies failed in encountering any association between IL-8 and H. pylori infection. IL-6 is a multifunctional, pleiotropic and multipotent cytokine involved in mediating the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity with a dichotomous role acting as both a proinflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine depending on the signaling pathway. IL-1α functions as a promoter of angiogenesis and vascular endothelial cell proliferation in gastric carcinoma since it is closely related to H.-pylori-induced inflammation in children. IL-1β is an essential trigger and enhancer of inflammation. The association between a low IL-1β level and an increased TNF-α level might be considered a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease in the setting of H. pylori infection. IL-10 downregulates both cytotoxic inflammatory responses and cell-mediated immune responses. H. pylori uses the immunosuppressive role of IL-10 to favor its escape from the host’s immune system. TGFβ is a continuous inflammatory mediator that promotes the adherence of H. pylori to the host’s cells and their subsequent colonization. The role of H.-pylori-induced inflammatory responses in the onset of gastric carcinogenesis seems to represent the missing puzzle piece for designing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in patients with H.-pylori-associated gastric cancer.
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Tahmina K, Hikawa N, Takahashi-Kanemitsu A, Knight CT, Sato K, Itoh F, Hatakeyama M. Transgenically expressed Helicobacter pylori CagA in vascular endothelial cells accelerates arteriosclerosis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 618:79-85. [PMID: 35716599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Arteriosclerosis is intimately associated with cardiovascular diseases. Recently, evidence accumulated that infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains, which causes gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric cancer, is also involved in the development of arteriosclerosis. The cagA-encoded CagA protein is injected into the attached gastric epithelial cells via the type IV secretion system. We previously showed that CagA-containing exosomes are secreted from CagA-injected gastric epithelial cells and enter the systemic blood circulation, delivering CagA into endothelial cells. In the present study, transgenic mice were established in which CagA was selectively expressed in endothelial cells by Cre-loxP system. Treatment of the mice with a high-fat diet revealed that atherogenic lesions were induced in mice expressing CagA in vascular endothelial cells but not in CagA-nonexpressing mice. To investigate the effects of CagA on endothelial cells, we also established conditional CagA-expressing human vascular endothelial cells using the Tet-on system. Upon induction of CagA, a dramatic change in cell morphology was observed that was concomitantly associated with the loss of the endothelial cells to form tube-like structures. Induction of CagA also activated the pro-inflammatory transcription factor STAT3. Thus, exosome-delivered CagA deregulates signals that activates STAT3 in endothelial cells, which accelerates inflammation that promotes arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrunnesa Tahmina
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Narumi Hikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | | | - Christopher Takaya Knight
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kengo Sato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Fumiko Itoh
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan; Center for Indfectious Cancer, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0815, Japan.
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6
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Liang H, Lin S, Ji Y, Xiao Y, Zheng G. Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of carotid plaque formation: a clinical evidence. Ann Med 2021; 53:1448-1454. [PMID: 34431440 PMCID: PMC8405064 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1927169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Since the relation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and atherosclerosis has been evidenced, we aimed to analyze whether there is a relationship between the patient's H. pylori infection and age, gender, BMI, blood lipids, and carotid plaque formation.Methods: 810 patients from January 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study, and divided the subjects into H. pylori (+) group and H. pylori (-) group based on the results of UBT. To analyze whether H. pylori infection is related to gender, age, BMI, blood lipids, and neck vascular plaque formation.Results: The single-factor analysis showed that the BMI ≥ 25kg/m2, triglycerides >1.7 mmol/l, the formation of cervical plaques were significantly higher in patients infected with H. pylori in compared to normal cases. Also, multi-variant logistic regression analysis showed that H. pylori infection affects the BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 and triglycerides >1.7 mmol/l to induce vascular plaque. Also, we showed that patients with H. pylori infection are 1.424 times higher than the non-infected group to have triglycerides more elevated than 1.7mmol/l.Conclusion: In this study, we conclude that H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for higher BMI (>25), triglyceride (>1.7 mmol/l), and neck vascular plaque formation. The multi-variant analysis showed that patients with H. pylori infection are prone to have higher BMI, triglycerides, and neck vascular plaque formation over 1.4-times higher in non-infected individuals.KEY MESSAGESH. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for higher BMI, triglyceride, and neck vascular plaque formation.H. pylori can accelerate vascular plaque formation through increasing BMI and triglyceride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Shuzhu Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Yongjian Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Guifang Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
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Algowhary M. Association between age and infection in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Egypt Heart J 2021; 73:12. [PMID: 33515355 PMCID: PMC7847417 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-021-00137-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in young patients has a unique risk profile. We aimed to detect bacteria in aspirate of infarct artery in young versus old patients. Results Aspirates of consecutive 140 patients who underwent a primary coronary intervention were taken for bacteriological, microscopical, and immunohistochemical (for bacterial pneumolysin) examinations. Their results were calculated in young (≤ 50 years) versus old (> 50 years) patients. Median age (interquartile range) was 45 (38–48) years in young (60 patients) and 59 (55–65) years in old (80 patients) patients, p < 0.0001. Both groups had similar baseline data except age, males, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, family history, lesion length, and ectatic vessel. Different bacteria were cultured in 11.3% of all patients involving 22.6% of young and 2.8% of old patients [hazard ratio 8.03 (95% CI 1.83–51.49), p = 0.002]. By multivariate analyses, age groups and leukocytic count were independent predictors of infection (bacteria and pneumolysin), p = 0.027 and p < 0.0001, respectively. Optimal cutoff value of leukocytic count was 12,250 cells/μl [ROC curve sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 86.4%, and AUC 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–1.0), p < 0.001]. Infection was an independent predictor of STEMI in young versus old patients, p < 0.001. Nevertheless, in-hospital events occurred insignificantly different and neither age groups nor infection was predictor of in-hospital events. Conclusions Young patients had significantly higher percentage of bacteria in their infarcted artery than old patients. High leukocytic count in patients below 50 predicts infection that causes acute myocardial infarction. Antibacterial trials directed toward this group are required for secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Algowhary
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut University, Asyut, 71515, Egypt.
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Santos MLC, de Brito BB, da Silva FAF, Sampaio MM, Marques HS, Oliveira e Silva N, de Magalhães Queiroz DM, de Melo FF. Helicobacter pylori infection: Beyond gastric manifestations. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4076-4093. [PMID: 32821071 PMCID: PMC7403793 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i28.4076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that infects more than a half of world’s population. Although it is mainly related to the development of gastroduodenal diseases, several studies have shown that such infection may also influence the development and severity of various extragastric diseases. According to the current evidence, whereas this bacterium is a risk factor for some of these manifestations, it might play a protective role in other pathological conditions. In that context, when considered the gastrointestinal tract, H. pylori positivity have been related to Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatic Carcinoma, Cholelithiasis, and Cholecystitis. Moreover, lower serum levels of iron and vitamin B12 have been found in patients with H. pylori infection, leading to the emergence of anemias in a portion of them. With regards to neurological manifestations, a growing number of studies have associated that bacterium with multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Interestingly, the risk of developing cardiovascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis, is also influenced by the infection. Besides that, the H. pylori-associated inflammation may also lead to increased insulin resistance, leading to a higher risk of diabetes mellitus among infected individuals. Finally, the occurrence of dermatological and ophthalmic disorders have also been related to that microorganism. In this sense, this minireview aims to gather the main studies associating H. pylori infection with extragastric conditions, and also to explore the main mechanisms that may explain the role of H. pylori in those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Breno Bittencourt de Brito
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Miranda Sampaio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Oliveira e Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz
- Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
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Tabata N, Sueta D, Arima Y, Okamoto K, Shono T, Hanatani S, Takashio S, Oniki K, Saruwatari J, Sakamoto K, Kaikita K, Sinning JM, Werner N, Nickenig G, Sasaki Y, Fukui T, Tsujita K. Cytotoxin-associated gene-A-seropositivity and Interleukin-1 polymorphisms influence adverse cardiovascular events. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2020; 27:100498. [PMID: 32181324 PMCID: PMC7062927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aims Although the bacterial virulent factor of cytotoxin-associated gene-A (CagA)-seropositivity and the host genetic factors of interleukin (IL)-1 polymorphisms have been suggested to influence Helicobacter pylori (HP) -related diseases, the underlying mechanisms of the association between HP infection and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain unknown. Methods and results Among 341 consecutive ACS patients, the clinical outcomes after ACS included composite cardiovascular events within the 2-year follow-up period. A significantly higher probability of primary outcomes was observed in HP positive patients than in HP negative patients. There were no significant differences in the rate of cardiovascular events between HP positive and HP negative patients in the absence of an IL-polymorphism, while there were significant differences in the presence of an IL-polymorphism. There were significant differences in the rate of cardiovascular events among CagA positive, CagA negative/ HP positive and CagA negative/HP negative patients. Moreover, via immunohistochemical staining, aortic CagA positive cells were confirmed in the vasa vasorum in CagA positive patients, whereas they could not be identified in CagA negative patients. Conclusions The bacterial virulence factor CagA and host genetic IL-1 polymorphisms influence the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, possibly through infection of atherosclerotic lesions. Registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN)-CTR (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/). Identifier: UMIN000035696.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Herzzentrum Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daisuke Sueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Takashi Shono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hanatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Seiji Takashio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Jan-Malte Sinning
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Herzzentrum Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Herzzentrum Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Herzzentrum Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Fukui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
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10
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Jan HM, Chen YC, Yang TC, Ong LL, Chang CC, Muthusamy S, Abera AB, Wu MS, Gervay-Hague J, Mong KKT, Lin CH. Cholesteryl α-D-glucoside 6-acyltransferase enhances the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to gastric epithelium. Commun Biol 2020; 3:120. [PMID: 32170208 PMCID: PMC7069968 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, the most common etiologic agent of gastric diseases including gastric cancer, is auxotrophic for cholesterol and has to hijack it from gastric epithelia. Upon uptake, the bacteria convert cholesterol to cholesteryl 6′-O-acyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (CAG) to promote lipid raft clustering in the host cell membranes. However, how CAG appears in the host to exert the pathogenesis still remains ambiguous. Herein we identified hp0499 to be the gene of cholesteryl α-D-glucopyranoside acyltransferase (CGAT). Together with cholesteryl glucosyltransferase (catalyzing the prior step), CGAT is secreted via outer membrane vesicles to the host cells for direct synthesis of CAG. This significantly enhances lipid rafts clustering, gathers adhesion molecules (including Lewis antigens and integrins α5, β1), and promotes more bacterial adhesion. Furthermore, the clinically used drug amiodarone was shown as a potent inhibitor of CGAT to effectively reduce the bacterial adhesion, indicating that CGAT is a potential target of therapeutic intervention. Jan et al. identify cholesteryl α-D- glucopyranoside acyltransferase as a key enzyme in Helicobacter pylori’s synthesis of cholesteryl 6’-O-acyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, which promotes bacterial adhesion. This study provides insights into the H. pylori-induced pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hau-Ming Jan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Lih Ong
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan.,Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Sasikala Muthusamy
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Andualem Bahiru Abera
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | | | - Kwok-Kong Tony Mong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academic Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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11
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Zhang L, Chen Z, Xia X, Chi J, Li H, Liu X, Li R, Li Y, Liu D, Tian D, Wang H, Petroski GF, Flaker GC, Hao H, Liu Z, Xu C. Helicobacter pylori infection selectively increases the risk for carotid atherosclerosis in young males. Atherosclerosis 2019; 291:71-77. [PMID: 31704553 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is an important contributing factor to cardiovascular mortality. The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in atherosclerosis is inconsistent and sometimes controversial. The present study aimed to determine if H. pylori infection is associated with carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS 17,613 males and females with both carotid ultrasonic examination and 13C-urea breath test for H. pylori infection were screened by a major Chinese university hospital from March 2012 to March 2017 for the study. Baseline demographics, cardiac risk factors, and laboratory studies were obtained. After exclusion for pre-specified conditions, 12,836 individuals were included in the analysis, including 8157 men (63.5%) and 4679 women (36.5%). Analysis was also made for 5-year follow-up data of 1216 subjects (869 males and 347 females) with and without H. pylori infection for development and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, lipid profile, hypertension, renal function, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, H. pylori infection was found as an independent risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis in males under 50 years, but not in older males or females (odds ratio 1.229, 95% CI 1.054-1.434, p = 0.009). Follow-up data analysis showed that the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis from no atherosclerosis to detectable lesions was significantly higher in young males with persistent H. pylori infection than those without H. pylori infection (p = 0.028) after 3 years. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that H. pylori infection might be an important risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis in young Chinese males under 50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiujuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jingshu Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yixi Li
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Da Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Delin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Greg F Petroski
- Biostatistics and Research Design Unit, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Greg C Flaker
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hong Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Canxia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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12
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Abstract
Many studies have been performed concerning the potential role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in different extra-gastric diseases. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. The traditional cardiovascular risk factors could not predict all cases of IHD. Hence, the scientists explore other potential etiologic factors, especially infections. H. pylori infection has been suspected to have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, after 25 years from the first description, the role of the bacterium in the pathogenesis of IHD remains controversial and enigmatic. Since H. pylori infection is persistent and stimulates both a local and a systemic immune response that could cause significant changes in the markers of inflammation like cytokines, C-reactive protein, heat shock protein, fibrinogen, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, it has been supposed that the outcomes of this process are atherosclerosis and a prothrombotic state which eventually leads to IHD. Alternative pathogenic mechanisms have been hypothesized, including the occurrence of molecular antigenicity. This hypothesis supposed that H. pylori could provoke autoimmunity as a result of molecular mimicry. The eradication of H. pylori infection as cardiovascular prevention strategy has been the object of some studies. However, the results are of difficult interpretation. Further studies, especially with a cohort and interventional design, have to be performed to reveal the potential relationship between H. pylori and IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Mladenova
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria -
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13
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Zhu H, Fu B, Wang Y, Gao J, Han Q, Geng W, Yang X, Cai G, Chen X, Zhang D. Comparative analysis of membranous and other nephropathy subtypes and establishment of a diagnostic model. Front Med 2018; 13:618-625. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Lee M, Baek H, Park JS, Kim S, Kyung C, Baik SJ, Lee BK, Kim JH, Ahn CW, Kim KR, Kang S. Current Helicobacter pylori infection is significantly associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in healthy subjects: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193646. [PMID: 29499055 PMCID: PMC5834174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen known to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, most analyses about the effect of H. pylori infection have been done in patients with a history of CVD but not in healthy subjects. We evaluated the association between H. pylori infection and subclinical atherosclerosis by using cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in healthy subjects without previous CVD. From December 2007 to February 2014, 463 subjects who underwent the rapid urease test (CLO test), pulse-wave velocity (PWV) measurement, and MDCT for a self-referred health check-up were enrolled to this study. Helicobacter pylori infection was defined on the basis of CLO test positivity on endoscopic gastric biopsy. Significant coronary artery stenosis was defined as ≥50% stenosis in any of the major epicardial coronary vessel on MDCT. The CLO-positive subjects had a lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) level compared to the CLO-negative subjects. The incidence of significant coronary stenosis was higher in the CLO-positive group (7.6% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.01). Furthermore, the number of subjects with coronary artery calcium score >0 and log{(number of segments with plaque)+1} were also significantly higher in the CLO-positive group. However, there was no statistical difference in the number of subjects with coronary artery calcium score >100, the prevalence of any plaque nor the plaque characteristics (calcified, mixed, or soft). Pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was neither associated with CLO test positivity. The CLO-positive group was 3-fold more likely to have significant coronary artery stenosis even after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio 2.813, 95% confidence interval 1.051–7.528, P = 0.04). In a healthy population, current H. pylori infection was associated with subclinical but significant coronary artery stenosis. The causal relationship between H. pylori infection and subclinical atherosclerosis in a “healthy” population remains to be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeri Baek
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, H-plus Yangji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Kim
- Aswell convalescent hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chanhee Kyung
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Rhin Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Jung Baik
- Healthcare Research Team, Health Promotion Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie-Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Rae Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinae Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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