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Hoxha A, Nikolaou A, Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ, Gutierrez-Merino J, Felipe-Sotelo M, Carta D. Wound Healing Promotion via Release of Therapeutic Metallic Ions from Phosphate Glass Fibers: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37669-37682. [PMID: 39010729 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials capable of promoting wound healing and preventing infections remain in great demand to address the global unmet need for the treatment of chronic wounds. Phosphate-based glasses (PG) have shown potential as bioresorbable materials capable of inducing tissue regeneration, while being replaced by regenerated tissue and releasing therapeutic species. In this work, phosphate-glass-based fibers (PGF) in the system P2O5-CaO-Na2O added with 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 mol % of the therapeutic metallic ions (TMI) Ag+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ were manufactured via electrospinning of coacervate gels. Coacervation is a sustainable, cost-effective, water-based method to produce PG. All TMI are effective in promoting wound closure (re-epithelialization) in living human skin ex vivo, where the best-performing system is PGF containing Ag+. In particular, PGF with ≥4 mol % of Ag+ is capable of promoting 84% wound closure over 48 h. These results are confirmed by scratch test migration assays, with the PGF-Ag systems containing ≥6 mol % of Ag+, demonstrating significant wound closure enhancement (up to 72%) after 24 h. The PGF-Ag systems are also the most effective in terms of antibacterial activity against both the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. PGF doped with Zn2+ shows antibacterial activity only against S. aureus in the systems containing Zn2+ ≥ 10 mol %. In addition, PGF doped with Fe3+ rapidly accelerates ex vivo healing in patient chronic wound skin (>30% in 48 h), demonstrating the utility of doped PGF as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agron Hoxha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Athanasios Nikolaou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Monica Felipe-Sotelo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Daniela Carta
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
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Nagaiah HP, Periyakaruppan Murugesan PD, Ravindra Rupali CV, Shunmugiah KP. Pioneering Topical Ointment Intervention for Unprecedented Antimicrobial and Diabetic Wound Management with Phenylpropanoids and Nano-Silver. AAPS J 2024; 26:67. [PMID: 38862870 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00936-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Addressing the intertwined challenges of antimicrobial resistance and impaired wound healing in diabetic patients, an oil/water emulsion-based nano-ointment integrating phenylpropanoids-Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde-with positively-charged silver nanoparticles was synthesized. The process began with the synthesis and characterization of nano-silver, aimed at ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the nanoparticles in biological applications. Subsequent experiments determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against pathogens such as Streptococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. These MIC values of all three active leads guided the strategic formulation of an ointment base, which effectively integrated the bioactive components. Evaluations of this nano-ointment revealed enhanced antimicrobial activity against both clinical and reference bacterial strains and it maintained stability after freeze-thaw cycles. Furthermore, the ointment demonstrated superior in-vitro diabetic wound healing capabilities and significantly promoted angiogenesis, as shown by enhanced blood vessel formation in the Chorioallantoic Membrane assay. These findings underscore the formulation's therapeutic potential, marking a significant advance in the use of nanotechnology for topical wound care.
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Hofmann E, Fink J, Pignet AL, Schwarz A, Schellnegger M, Nischwitz SP, Holzer-Geissler JCJ, Kamolz LP, Kotzbeck P. Human In Vitro Skin Models for Wound Healing and Wound Healing Disorders. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041056. [PMID: 37189674 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing is essential to health and survival. Consequently, high amounts of research effort have been put into investigating the cellular and molecular components involved in the wound healing process. The use of animal experiments has contributed greatly to the knowledge of wound healing, skin diseases, and the exploration of treatment options. However, in addition to ethical concerns, anatomical and physiological inter-species differences often influence the translatability of animal-based studies. Human in vitro skin models, which include essential cellular and structural components for wound healing analyses, would improve the translatability of results and reduce animal experiments during the preclinical evaluation of novel therapy approaches. In this review, we summarize in vitro approaches, which are used to study wound healing as well as wound healing-pathologies such as chronic wounds, keloids, and hypertrophic scars in a human setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hofmann
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fink
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna-Lisa Pignet
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Schwarz
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Marlies Schellnegger
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian P Nischwitz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Judith C J Holzer-Geissler
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- COREMED-Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Fathil MAM, Katas H. Antibacterial, Anti-Biofilm and Pro-Migratory Effects of Double Layered Hydrogels Packaged with Lactoferrin-DsiRNA-Silver Nanoparticles for Chronic Wound Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030991. [PMID: 36986852 PMCID: PMC10054788 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation in diabetic foot infections worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in more severe infections and increased amputations. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a dressing that could effectively aid in the wound healing process and prevent bacterial infections by exerting both antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and lactoferrin (LTF) have been investigated as alternative antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents, respectively, while dicer-substrate short interfering RNA (DsiRNA) has also been studied for its wound healing effect in diabetic wounds. In this study, AgNPs were complexed with LTF and DsiRNA via simple complexation before packaging in gelatin hydrogels. The formed hydrogels exhibited 1668% maximum swellability, with a 46.67 ± 10.33 µm average pore size. The hydrogels demonstrated positive antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects toward the selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The hydrogel containing AgLTF at 125 µg/mL was also non-cytotoxic on HaCaT cells for up to 72 h of incubation. The hydrogels containing DsiRNA and LTF demonstrated superior pro-migratory effects compared to the control group. In conclusion, the AgLTF-DsiRNA-loaded hydrogel possessed antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and pro-migratory activities. These findings provide a further understanding and knowledge on forming multipronged AgNPs consisting of DsiRNA and LTF for chronic wound therapy.
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Shaner S, Savelyeva A, Kvartuh A, Jedrusik N, Matter L, Leal J, Asplund M. Bioelectronic microfluidic wound healing: a platform for investigating direct current stimulation of injured cell collectives. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1531-1546. [PMID: 36723025 PMCID: PMC10013350 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Upon cutaneous injury, the human body naturally forms an electric field (EF) that acts as a guidance cue for relevant cellular and tissue repair and reorganization. However, the direct current (DC) flow imparted by this EF can be impacted by a variety of diseases. This work delves into the impact of DC stimulation on both healthy and diabetic in vitro wound healing models of human keratinocytes, the most prevalent cell type of the skin. The culmination of non-metal electrode materials and prudent microfluidic design allowed us to create a compact bioelectronic platform to study the effects of different sustained (12 hours galvanostatic DC) EF configurations on wound closure dynamics. Specifically, we compared if electrotactically closing a wound's gap from one wound edge (i.e., uni-directional EF) is as effective as compared to alternatingly polarizing both the wound's edges (i.e., pseudo-converging EF) as both of these spatial stimulation strategies are fundamental to the eventual translational electrode design and strategy. We found that uni-directional electric guidance cues were superior in group keratinocyte healing dynamics by enhancing the wound closure rate nearly three-fold for both healthy and diabetic-like keratinocyte collectives, compared to their non-stimulated respective controls. The motility-inhibited and diabetic-like keratinocytes regained wound closure rates with uni-directional electrical stimulation (increase from 1.0 to 2.8% h-1) comparable to their healthy non-stimulated keratinocyte counterparts (3.5% h-1). Our results bring hope that electrical stimulation delivered in a controlled manner can be a viable pathway to accelerate wound repair, and also by providing a baseline for other researchers trying to find an optimal electrode blueprint for in vivo DC stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Shaner
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Brainlinks-Braintools Center, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Anna Savelyeva
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Brainlinks-Braintools Center, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Anja Kvartuh
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Jedrusik
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Brainlinks-Braintools Center, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Lukas Matter
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - José Leal
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Brainlinks-Braintools Center, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Maria Asplund
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Brainlinks-Braintools Center, Georges-Köhler-Allee 201, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Nursing and Medical Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 9, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Facile preparation of a novel nanoemulsion based hyaluronic acid hydrogel loading with Poria cocos triterpenoids extract for wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1490-1499. [PMID: 36442559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds have been a serious concern for human health owing to their long chronic inflammation and reduced vascularization. Herein, we report novel oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsions (NEs) containing Poria cocos triterpenes extract (PTE) to fabricate hyaluronic acid hydrogels (PTE-NEs) for the treatment of diabetic wounds. The size and morphology of NEs are analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Zeta potential, respectively. Furthermore, the rheological behavior and morphology of synthesized hydrogels are also determined. It is found that PTE-NEs gel has a homogeneous and porous structure with good elastic properties. In addition, in vitro experiments show that the cell viability of PTE-NEs gel is >85 % without cytotoxicity. In vivo experiments of diabetic rats demonstrate that the PTE-NEs gel can not only significantly accelerate diabetic wound healing, collagen deposition, M2 macrophage polarization, and angiogenesis, but also inhibit inflammation. In conclusion, PTE plays a significant role in wound healing and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating its great potential in treating diabetic wounds.
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Ouyang T, Yin H, Yang J, Liu Y, Ma S. Tissue regeneration effect of betulin via inhibition of ROS/MAPKs/NF-ĸB axis using zebrafish model. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Setyawati A, Wahyuningsih MSH, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Effendy C, Fneish F, Fortwengel G. Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. ameliorates wound healing through p53, E-cadherin and SOD1 pathways on wounded hyperglycemia fibroblasts. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7257-7268. [PMID: 34867030 PMCID: PMC8626332 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav (P. crocatum) has been reported to accelerate the diabetic wound healing process empirically. Some studies showed the benefits of P. crocatum in treating various diseases but its mechanisms in diabetic wound healing have never been reported. In the present study we investigated the diabetic wound healing activity of the active fraction of P. crocatum on wounded hyperglycemia fibroblasts (wHFs). METHODS Bioassay-guided fractionation was performed to get the most active fraction. The selected active fraction was applied to wHFs within 72 h incubation. Mimicking a diabetic condition was done using basal glucose media containing an additional 17 mMol/L D-glucose. A wound was simulated via the scratch assay. The collagen deposition was measured using Picro-Sirius Red and wound closure was measured using scratch wound assay. Underlying mechanisms through p53, αSMA, SOD1 and E-cadherin were measured using western blotting. RESULTS We reported that FIV is the most active fraction of P. crocatum. We confirmed that FIV \(7.81 µg/ml, 15.62 µg/ml, 31.25 µg/ml, 62.5 µg/ml, and 125 µg/ml) induced the collagen deposition and wound closure of wHFs. Furthermore, FIV treatment (7.81 µg/ml, 15.62 µg/ml, 31.25 µg/ml) down-regulated the protein expression level of p53 and up-regulated the protein expression levels of αSMA, E-cadherin, and SOD1. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ameliorating collagen deposition and wound closure through protein regulation of p53, αSMA, E-cadherin, and SOD1 are some of the mechanisms by which FIV of P. crocatum is involved in diabetic wound healing therapy.
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Key Words
- CHCl3, Chloroform
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium
- Diabetic wound healing
- E-cadherin
- ETOAc, Ethyl acetate
- HFs, Hyperglycemia fibroblasts
- MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- MeOH, Methanol
- Mechanism
- NFs, Normal fibroblasts
- Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SOD1
- SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1
- TLC, Thin layer chromatography
- WB, Washed benzene
- p53
- p53, tumor suppressor protein
- wHFs, wounded hyperglycemia fibroblasts
- αSMA, alpha smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Andina Setyawati
- Lecturer of Department of Surgical and Medical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan km 10, Kampus Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Student of Department of Medicine and Health Science Doctorate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih
- Lecturer of Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Centre for Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih
- Lecturer of Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Centre for Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Christantie Effendy
- Lecturer of Department of Surgical and Medical Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Firas Fneish
- Lecturer of Department of Biostatistics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität, Postfach 6009, 30060 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Fortwengel
- Lecturer of Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Hochschule Hannover University of Applied Sciences & Arts, Expo Plaza 12, 30539 Hannover, Germany
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Microfluidic and Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Cutaneous Wound Healing Studies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060793. [PMID: 34073346 PMCID: PMC8228894 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex, multi-stage process involving direct and indirect cell communication events with the aim of efficiently restoring the barrier function of the skin. One key aspect in cutaneous wound healing is associated with cell movement and migration into the physically, chemically, and biologically injured area, resulting in wound closure. Understanding the conditions under which cell migration is impaired and elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that improve healing dynamics are therefore crucial in devising novel therapeutic strategies to elevate patient suffering, reduce scaring, and eliminate chronic wounds. Following the global trend towards the automation, miniaturization, and integration of cell-based assays into microphysiological systems, conventional wound healing assays such as the scratch assay and cell exclusion assay have recently been translated and improved using microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. These miniaturized cell analysis systems allow for precise spatial and temporal control over a range of dynamic microenvironmental factors including shear stress, biochemical and oxygen gradients to create more reliable in vitro models that resemble the in vivo microenvironment of a wound more closely on a molecular, cellular, and tissue level. The current review provides (a) an overview on the main molecular and cellular processes that take place during wound healing, (b) a brief introduction into conventional in vitro wound healing assays, and (c) a perspective on future cutaneous and vascular wound healing research using microfluidic technology.
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Ejiugwo M, Rochev Y, Gethin G, O'Connor G. Toward Developing Immunocompetent Diabetic Foot Ulcer-on-a-Chip Models for Drug Testing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:77-88. [PMID: 33406980 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioengineering of skin has been significantly explored, ranging from the use of traditional cell culture systems to the most recent organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technology that permits skin modeling on physiological scales among other benefits. This article presents key considerations for developing physiologically relevant immunocompetent diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) models. Diabetic foot ulceration affects hundreds of millions of individuals globally, especially the elderly, and constitutes a major socioeconomic burden. When DFUs are not treated and managed in a timely manner, 15-50% of patients tend to undergo partial or complete amputation of the affected limb. Consequently, at least 40% of such patients die within 5 years postamputation. Currently, therapeutic strategies are actively sought and developed. However, present-day preclinical platforms (animals and in vitro models) are not robust enough to provide reliable data for clinical trials. Insights from published works on immunocompetent skin-on-a-chip models and bioengineering considerations, presented in this article, can inform researchers on how to develop robust OoC models for testing topical therapies such as growth factor-based therapies for DFUs. We propose that immunocompetent DFU-on-a-chip models should be bioengineered using diseased cells derived from individuals; in particular, the pathophysiological contribution of macrophages in diabetic wound healing, along with the typical fibroblasts and keratinocytes, needs to be recapitulated. The ideal model should consist of the following components: diseased cells embedded in reproducible scaffolds, which permit endogenous "diseased" extracellular matrix deposition, and the integration of the derived immunocompetent DFU model onto a microfluidic platform. The proposed DFU platforms will eventually facilitate reliable and robust drug testing of wound healing therapeutics, coupled with reduced clinical trial failure rates. Impact statement Current animal and cell-based systems are not physiologically relevant enough to retrieve reliable results for clinical translation of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) therapies. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technology offers desirable features that could finally enable the vision of modeling DFU for pathophysiological studies and drug testing at a microscale. This article brings together the significant recent findings relevant to developing a minimally functional immunocompetent DFU-on-a-chip model, as wound healing cannot occur without a proper functioning immune response. It looks feasible in the future to recapitulate the stagnant inflammation in DFU (thought to impede wound healing) using OoC, diseased cells, and an endogenously produced extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Ejiugwo
- SFI CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland.,School of Physics, and National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland
| | - Yury Rochev
- SFI CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland.,School of Physics, and National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland
| | - Georgina Gethin
- SFI CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland
| | - Gerard O'Connor
- SFI CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland.,School of Physics, and National University of Ireland Galway, Galway City, Ireland
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Przekora A, Kazimierczak P, Wojcik M. Ex vivo determination of chitosan/curdlan/hydroxyapatite biomaterial osseointegration with the use of human trabecular bone explant: New method for biocompatibility testing of bone implants reducing animal tests. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111612. [PMID: 33321655 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Permanent orthopedic/dental implants should reveal good osseointegration, which is defined as an ability of the biomaterial to form a direct connection with the surrounding host bone tissue after its implantation into the living organism. Currently, biomaterial osseointegration is confirmed exclusively with the use of in vivo animal tests. This study presents for the first time ex vivo determination of osseointegration process using human trabecular bone explant that was drilled and filled with the chitosan/curdlan/hydroxyapatite biomaterial, followed by its long-term culture under in vitro conditions. Within this study, it was clearly proved that tested biomaterial allows for the formation of the connection with bone explant since osteoblasts, having ability to produce bone extracellular matrix (type I collagen, fibronectin), were detected at a bone-implant interface by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Importantly, in this research it was demonstrated by Live/Dead staining and CLSM imaging that human bone explants may stay alive for a long period of time (at least approx. 50 days) during their culture under in vitro conditions. Therefore, ex vivo bone explant, which is a heterogeneous tissue containing many different cell types, may serve as an excellent model to test biomaterial osseointegration during comparative and preliminary studies, reducing animal tests which is compatible with the principles of '3Rs', aiming to Replace, Reduce and Refine the use of animals wherever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Przekora
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Paulina Kazimierczak
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michal Wojcik
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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12
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Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process supported by a myriad of cellular events that must be tightly coordinated to efficiently repair damaged tissue. Derangement in wound-linked cellular behaviours, as occurs with diabetes and ageing, can lead to healing impairment and the formation of chronic, non-healing wounds. These wounds are a significant socioeconomic burden due to their high prevalence and recurrence. Thus, there is an urgent requirement for the improved biological and clinical understanding of the mechanisms that underpin wound repair. Here, we review the cellular basis of tissue repair and discuss how current and emerging understanding of wound pathology could inform future development of efficacious wound therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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13
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Nieto-Nicolau N, Martín-Antonio B, Müller-Sánchez C, Casaroli-Marano RP. In vitro potential of human mesenchymal stem cells for corneal epithelial regeneration. Regen Med 2020; 15:1409-1426. [PMID: 32352350 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for corneal epithelial regeneration in vitro. Materials & methods: Bone marrow MSC (BM-MSC) and adipose tissue MSC were analyzed for corneal epithelial and mesenchymal markers, using limbal stem cells and corneal cells as controls. MSC with better potential were cultured with specific mediums for epithelial induction. Transepithelial electric resistance and wound healing assay with human corneal epithelial cells were performed. Results: BM-MSC showed better potential, increased corneal markers, and higher transepithelial electric resistance values when induced with limbal epithelial culture medium. Induced BM-MSC promoted better wound healing of human corneal epithelial cells by paracrine secretion. Conclusion: BM-MSC has potential for corneal epithelial induction in a protocol compatible with human application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ricardo P Casaroli-Marano
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Claudin-1 decrease impacts epidermal barrier function in atopic dermatitis lesions dose-dependently. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2024. [PMID: 32029783 PMCID: PMC7004991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane protein claudin-1 is a major component of epidermal tight junctions (TJs), which create a dynamic paracellular barrier in the epidermis. Claudin-1 downregulation has been linked to atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis but variable levels of claudin-1 have also been observed in healthy skin. To elucidate the impact of different levels of claudin-1 in healthy and diseased skin we determined claudin-1 levels in AD patients and controls and correlated them to TJ and skin barrier function. We observed a strikingly broad range of claudin-1 levels with stable TJ and overall skin barrier function in healthy and non-lesional skin. However, a significant decrease in TJ barrier function was detected in lesional AD skin where claudin-1 levels were further reduced. Investigations on reconstructed human epidermis expressing different levels of claudin-1 revealed that claudin-1 levels correlated with inside-out and outside-in barrier function, with a higher coherence for smaller molecular tracers. Claudin-1 decrease induced keratinocyte-autonomous IL-1β expression and fostered inflammatory epidermal responses to non-pathogenic Staphylococci. In conclusion, claudin-1 decrease beyond a threshold level results in TJ and epidermal barrier function impairment and induces inflammation in human epidermis. Increasing claudin-1 levels might improve barrier function and decrease inflammation and therefore be a target for AD treatment.
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15
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Nasir NAM, Paus R, Ansell DM. Fluorescent cell tracer dye permits real-time assessment of re-epithelialization in a serum-free ex vivo human skin wound assay. Wound Repair Regen 2018; 27:126-133. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Azida Mohd Nasir
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
- School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Kubang Kerian Malaysia
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - David M. Ansell
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine; The University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
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16
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Carolina E, Kato T, Khanh VC, Moriguchi K, Yamashita T, Takeuchi K, Hamada H, Ohneda O. Glucocorticoid Impaired the Wound Healing Ability of Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Reducing the Expression of CXCR4 in the PGE2 Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:276. [PMID: 30324106 PMCID: PMC6173212 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can be used to treat ischemic disease in cell-based therapy owing to their neovascularization potential. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely used as strong anti-inflammatory reagents. However, despite their beneficial effects, side effects, such as impairing wound healing are commonly reported with GC-based therapy, and the effects of GC therapy on the wound healing function of EPCs are unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated how GC treatment affects the characteristics and wound healing function of EPCs. Results: We found that GC treatment reduced the proliferative ability of EPCs. In addition, the expression of CXCR4 was dramatically impaired, which suppressed the migration of EPCs. A transplantation study in a flap mouse model revealed that GC-treated EPCs showed a poor homing ability to injured sites and a low activity for recruiting inflammatory cells, which led to wound healing dysfunction. Impairment of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthases, cyclooxygenase (COX2) and microsomal PGE2 synthase 1 (mPEGS1) were identified as being involved in the GC-induced impairment of the CXCR4 expression in EPCs. Treatment with PGE2 rescued the expression of CXCR4 and restored the migration ability of GC-treated EPCs. In addition, the PGE2 signal that activated the PI3K/AKT pathway was identified to be involved in the regulation of CXCR4 in EPCs under the effects of GCs. In addition, similar negative effects of GCs were observed in EPCs under hypoxic conditions. Under hypoxic conditions, GCs independently impaired the PGE2 and HIF2α pathways, which downregulated the expression of CXCR4 in EPCs. Our findings highlighted the influences of GCs on the characteristics and functions of EPCs, suggesting that the use of EPCs for autologous cell transplantation in patients who have used GCs for a long time should be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Carolina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kato
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Vuong Cat Khanh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kana Moriguchi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamashita
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohneda
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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17
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Wang J, Gao L. [New progress in the treatment of chronic wound of diabetic foot]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:832-837. [PMID: 30129304 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201806058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot is one of the serious complications of diabetic patients. It is caused by diabetes combined with different degrees of lower extremity vascular lesions and neuropathy, and the wound can not heal for a long time. The serious results can cause bone marrow infection, bone destruction, and have high disability and death rate. At present, there are various treatment methods for diabetic foot chronic wound. On the basis of internal medicine controlling blood sugar, anti infection, lowering blood lipid, improving microcirculation and nourishment nerve, the surgical method is adopted, including the debridement of the necrosis in a short time to prevent the infection from spreading; maggot biological debridement and ozone chemical debridement will promote the growth of granulation tissue while controlling infection. Skin grafting, skin flap transplantation, skin distraction closure can be used to repair soft tissue defects, or fat transplantation, platelet-rich plasma, and rich blood are used for the refractory wound after infection control. In patients with diabetic foot, the reconstruction of lower limb blood supply is beneficial to the recovery of chronic ischemic wounds. It is feasible to improve the blood supply of the lower extremities, improve the blood supply of the lower extremity artery bypass grafting, and improve the microcirculation of the peripheral vessels around the lower extremities. Lower extremity vascular bypass pressure perfusion therapy for vascular network expansion, tibia lateral moving technique for lower limb microcirculation reconstruction. For diabetic foot ulcer caused by peripheral neuropathy, such as Charcot foot, while the application of external fixator, total contact cast technology of affected foot for reducing treatment to promote wound healing; the preparation of orthopedic shoes can play a maximum protective effect on the healing of diabetic foot wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, CMU, Beijing, 100038,
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, CMU, Beijing, 100038, P.R.China
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18
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Jin W, Lo KY, Chou S, McCue SW, Simpson MJ. The role of initial geometry in experimental models of wound closing. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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