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Komatsuya K, Ishikawa M, Kikuchi N, Hirabayashi T, Taguchi R, Yamamoto N, Arai M, Kasahara K. Integrin-Dependent Transient Density Increase in Detergent-Resistant Membrane Rafts in Platelets Activated by Thrombin. Biomedicines 2023; 12:69. [PMID: 38255176 PMCID: PMC10813660 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet lipid rafts are critical membrane domains for adhesion, aggregation, and clot retraction. Lipid rafts are isolated as a detergent-resistant membrane fraction via sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The platelet detergent-resistant membrane shifted to a higher density on the sucrose density gradient upon thrombin stimulation. The shift peaked at 1 min and returned to the control level at 60 min. During this time, platelets underwent clot retraction and spreading on a fibronectin-coated glass strip. Thrombin induced the transient tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins in the detergent-resistant membrane raft fraction and the transient translocation of fibrin and myosin to the detergent-resistant membrane raft fraction. The level of phosphatidylserine (36:1) was increased and the level of phosphatidylserine (38:4) was decreased in the detergent-resistant membrane raft fraction via the thrombin stimulation. Furthermore, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia integrin αIIbβ3-deficient platelets underwent no detergent-resistant membrane shift to a higher density upon thrombin stimulation. As the phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain on Ser19 was at a high level in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia resting platelets, thrombin caused no further phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain on Ser19 or clot retraction. These observations suggest that the fibrin-integrin αIIbβ3-myosin axis and compositional change of phosphatidylserine species may be required for the platelet detergent-resistant membrane shift to a higher density upon stimulation with thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Komatsuya
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Omics Research, Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan;
| | - Norihito Kikuchi
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Tetsuya Hirabayashi
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Ryo Taguchi
- Department of Metabolome, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naomasa Yamamoto
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Morio Arai
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
- Sado General Hospital, Niigata 952-1209, Japan
| | - Kohji Kasahara
- Biomembrane Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; (K.K.); (N.K.); (T.H.); (N.Y.)
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Leberzammer J, von Hundelshausen P. Chemokines, molecular drivers of thromboinflammation and immunothrombosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276353. [PMID: 37954596 PMCID: PMC10637585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting is a finely regulated process that is essential for hemostasis. However, when dysregulated or spontaneous, it promotes thrombotic disorders. The fact that these are triggered, accompanied and amplified by inflammation is reflected in the term thromboinflammation that includes chemokines. The role of chemokines in thrombosis is therefore illuminated from a cellular perspective, where endothelial cells, platelets, red blood cells, and leukocytes may be both the source and target of chemokines. Chemokine-dependent prothrombotic processes may thereby occur independently of chemokine receptors or be mediated by chemokine receptors, although the binding and activation of classical G protein-coupled receptors and their signaling pathways differ from those of atypical chemokine receptors, which do not function via cell activation and recruitment. Regardless of binding to their receptors, chemokines can induce thrombosis by forming platelet-activating immune complexes with heparin or other polyanions that are pathognomonic for HIT and VITT. In addition, chemokines can bind to NETs and alter their structure. They also change the electrical charge of the cell surface of platelets and interact with coagulation factors, thereby modulating the balance of fibrinolysis and coagulation. Moreover, CXCL12 activates CXCR4 on platelets independently of classical migratory chemokine activity and causes aggregation and thrombosis via the PI3Kβ and Btk signaling pathways. In contrast, typical chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions are involved in the processes that contribute to the adhesiveness of the endothelium in the initial phase of venous thrombosis, where neutrophils and monocytes subsequently accumulate in massive numbers. Later, the reorganization and resolution of a thrombus require coordinated cell migration and invasion of the thrombus, and, as such, indeed, chemokines recruit leukocytes to existing thrombi. Therefore, chemokines contribute in many independent ways to thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Leberzammer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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3
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Komatsuya K, Kikuchi N, Hirabayashi T, Kasahara K. The Regulatory Roles of Cerebellar Glycosphingolipid Microdomains/Lipid Rafts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065566. [PMID: 36982638 PMCID: PMC10058044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are dynamic assemblies of glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and specific proteins which are stabilized into platforms involved in the regulation of vital cellular processes. Cerebellar lipid rafts are cell surface ganglioside microdomains for the attachment of GPI-anchored neural adhesion molecules and downstream signaling molecules such as Src-family kinases and heterotrimeric G proteins. In this review, we summarize our recent findings on signaling in ganglioside GD3 rafts of cerebellar granule cells and several findings by other groups on the roles of lipid rafts in the cerebellum. TAG-1, of the contactin group of immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecules, is a phosphacan receptor. Phosphacan regulates the radial migration signaling of cerebellar granule cells, via Src-family kinase Lyn, by binding to TAG-1 on ganglioside GD3 rafts. Chemokine SDF-1α, which induces the tangential migration of cerebellar granule cells, causes heterotrimeric G protein Goα translocation to GD3 rafts. Furthermore, the functional roles of cerebellar raft-binding proteins including cell adhesion molecule L1, heterotrimeric G protein Gsα, and L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels are discussed.
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Lu X, Wang Z, Ye D, Feng Y, Liu M, Xu Y, Wang M, Zhang J, Liu J, Zhao M, Xu S, Ye J, Wan J. The Role of CXC Chemokines in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:765768. [PMID: 35668739 PMCID: PMC9163960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases with high disability and mortality rates. In the elderly population, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is increasing annually. Between 1990 and 2016, the age-standardised prevalence of CVD in China significantly increased by 14.7%, and the number of cardiovascular disease deaths increased from 2.51 million to 3.97 million. Much research has indicated that cardiovascular disease is closely related to inflammation, immunity, injury and repair. Chemokines, which induce directed chemotaxis of reactive cells, are divided into four subfamilies: CXC, CC, CX3C, and XC. As cytokines, CXC chemokines are similarly involved in inflammation, immunity, injury, and repair and play a role in many cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, aortic aneurysm, cardiac fibrosis, postcardiac rejection, and atrial fibrillation. Here, we explored the relationship between the chemokine CXC subset and cardiovascular disease and its mechanism of action with the goal of further understanding the onset of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Ye
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
| | - Jun Wan
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
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Leberzammer J, Agten SM, Blanchet X, Duan R, Ippel H, Megens RT, Schulz C, Aslani M, Duchene J, Döring Y, Jooss NJ, Zhang P, Brandl R, Stark K, Siess W, Jurk K, Heemskerk JW, Hackeng TM, Mayo KH, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P. Targeting platelet-derived CXCL12 impedes arterial thrombosis. Blood 2022; 139:2691-2705. [PMID: 35313337 PMCID: PMC11022931 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis continue to be clinically challenging, and understanding the relevant molecular mechanisms in detail may facilitate the quest to identify novel targets and therapeutic approaches that improve protection from ischemic and bleeding events. The chemokine CXCL12 augments collagen-induced platelet aggregation by activating its receptor CXCR4. Here we show that inhibition of CXCR4 attenuates platelet aggregation induced by collagen or human plaque homogenate under static and arterial flow conditions by antagonizing the action of platelet-secreted CXCL12. We further show that platelet-specific CXCL12 deficiency in mice limits arterial thrombosis by affecting thrombus growth and stability without increasing tail bleeding time. Accordingly, neointimal lesion formation after carotid artery injury was attenuated in these mice. Mechanistically, CXCL12 activated via CXCR4 a signaling cascade involving Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) that led to integrin αIIbβ3 activation, platelet aggregation, and granule release. The heterodimeric interaction between CXCL12 and CCL5 can inhibit CXCL12-mediated effects as mimicked by CCL5-derived peptides such as [VREY]4. An improved variant of this peptide, i[VREY]4, binds to CXCL12 in a complex with CXCR4 on the surface of activated platelets, thereby inhibiting Btk activation and preventing platelet CXCL12-dependent arterial thrombosis. In contrast to standard antiplatelet therapies such as aspirin or P2Y12 inhibition, i[VREY]4 reduced CXCL12-induced platelet aggregation and yet did not prolong in vitro bleeding time. We provide evidence that platelet-derived CXCL12 is involved in arterial thrombosis and can be specifically targeted by peptides that harbor potential therapeutic value against atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Leberzammer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Stijn M. Agten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rundan Duan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Remco T.A. Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Schulz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Aslani
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natalie J. Jooss
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Richard Brandl
- Institute for Vascular Surgery and Phlebology am Marienplatz, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Siess
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johan W.M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tilman M. Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin H. Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Atypical Roles of the Chemokine Receptor ACKR3/CXCR7 in Platelet Pathophysiology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020213. [PMID: 35053329 PMCID: PMC8773869 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifold actions of the pro-inflammatory and regenerative chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1α are executed through the canonical GProteinCoupledReceptor CXCR4, and the non-canonical ACKR3/CXCR7. Platelets express CXCR4, ACKR3/CXCR7, and are a vital source of CXCL12/SDF-1α themselves. In recent years, a regulatory impact of the CXCL12-CXCR4-CXCR7 axis on platelet biogenesis, i.e., megakaryopoiesis, thrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory actions have been revealed through experimental and clinical studies. Platelet surface expression of ACKR3/CXCR7 is significantly enhanced following myocardial infarction (MI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, and is also associated with improved functional recovery and prognosis. The therapeutic implications of ACKR3/CXCR7 in myocardial regeneration and improved recovery following an ischemic episode, are well documented. Cardiomyocytes, cardiac-fibroblasts, endothelial lining of the blood vessels perfusing the heart, besides infiltrating platelets and monocytes, all express ACKR3/CXCR7. This review recapitulates ligand induced differential trafficking of platelet CXCR4-ACKR3/CXCR7 affecting their surface availability, and in regulating thrombo-inflammatory platelet functions and survival through CXCR4 or ACKR3/CXCR7. It emphasizes the pro-thrombotic influence of CXCL12/SDF-1α exerted through CXCR4, as opposed to the anti-thrombotic impact of ACKR3/CXCR7. Offering an innovative translational perspective, this review also discusses the advantages and challenges of utilizing ACKR3/CXCR7 as a potential anti-thrombotic strategy in platelet-associated cardiovascular disorders, particularly in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients post-MI.
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Platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 Favors Anti-Platelet Lipids over an Atherothrombotic Lipidome and Regulates Thrombo-inflammation. Blood 2021; 139:1722-1742. [PMID: 34905596 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 surface expression is enhanced and influences prognosis in coronary artery disease-(CAD) patients, who exhibit a distinct atherothrombotic platelet lipidome. Current investigation validates the potential of ACKR3/CXCR7 in regulating thrombo-inflammatory response, through its impact on the platelet lipidome. CAD patients-(n=230) with enhanced platelet-ACKR3/CXCR7 expression exhibited reduced aggregation. Pharmacological CXCR7-agonist-(VUF11207) significantly reduced pro-thrombotic platelet response in blood from ACS patients-(n=11) ex vivo. CXCR7-agonist administration reduced thrombotic functions and thrombo-inflammatory platelet-leukocyte interactions post myocardial infarction-(MI) and arterial injury in vivo. ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation did not affect surface availability of GPIbα, GPV, GPVI, GPIX, αv-integrin, β3-integrin, coagulation profile-(APTT, PT), bleeding time, plasma-dependent thrombin generation-(thrombinoscopy) or clot formation-(thromboelastography), but counteracted activation-induced phosphatidylserine exposure and procoagulant platelet-assisted thrombin generation. Targeted-(micro-UHPLC-ESI-QTrap-MS/MS) and untargeted-(UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) lipidomics analysis revealed that ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation favored generation of anti-thrombotic lipids-(dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-DGLA, 12-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid-12-HETrE) over cyclooxygenase-COX-1-(thromboxane-TxA2), or 12-lipoxygenase-LOX-(12-HETE) metabolized pro-thrombotic, and phospholipase derived atherogenic-(lysophosphatidylcholine-LPC) lipids, in healthy subjects and CAD patients, contrary to anti-platelet therapy. Through 12-HETrE, ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation coordinated with Gαs-coupled prostacyclin receptor-(IP) to trigger cAMP-PKA mediated platelet inhibition. ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation reduced generation of lipid agonists-(arachidonic acid-AA,TxA2), lipid signaling intermediates-(lyophosphatidylinositol-LPI, diacylglycerol-DG), which affected calcium mobilization, intracellular signaling, consequently platelet interaction with physiological matrices and thrombo-inflammatory secretion-(IL1β,IFN-γ,TGF-β,IL-8), emphasizing its functional dichotomy from pro-thrombotic CXCR4. Moreover, CXCR7-agonist regulated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-(HIT)-sera/IgG-induced platelet and neutrophil activation, heparin induced platelet aggregation-(HIPA), generation of COX-1-(TxA2), 12-LOX-(12-HETE) derived thrombo-inflammatory lipids, platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation, and thrombo-inflammatory secretion (sCD40L, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, sP-selectin, IL-8, tissue factor-TF) ex vivo. Therefore, ACKR3/CXCR7 may offer a novel therapeutic strategy in acute/chronic thrombo-inflammation exaggerated cardiovascular pathologies, and CAD.
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Boulan B, Ravanello C, Peyrel A, Bosc C, Delphin C, Appaix F, Denarier E, Kraut A, Jacquier-Sarlin M, Fournier A, Andrieux A, Gory-Fauré S, Deloulme JC. CRMP4-mediated fornix development involves Semaphorin-3E signaling pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e70361. [PMID: 34860155 PMCID: PMC8683083 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental axonal pathfinding plays a central role in correct brain wiring and subsequent cognitive abilities. Within the growth cone, various intracellular effectors transduce axonal guidance signals by remodeling the cytoskeleton. Semaphorin-3E (Sema3E) is a guidance cue implicated in development of the fornix, a neuronal tract connecting the hippocampus to the hypothalamus. Microtubule-associated protein 6 (MAP6) has been shown to be involved in the Sema3E growth-promoting signaling pathway. In this study, we identified the collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) as a MAP6 partner and a crucial effector in Sema3E growth-promoting activity. CRMP4-KO mice displayed abnormal fornix development reminiscent of that observed in Sema3E-KO mice. CRMP4 was shown to interact with the Sema3E tripartite receptor complex within detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) domains, and DRM domain integrity was required to transduce Sema3E signaling through the Akt/GSK3 pathway. Finally, we showed that the cytoskeleton-binding domain of CRMP4 is required for Sema3E's growth-promoting activity, suggesting that CRMP4 plays a role at the interface between Sema3E receptors, located in DRM domains, and the cytoskeleton network. As the fornix is affected in many psychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, our results provide new insights to better understand the neurodevelopmental components of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Boulan
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Charlotte Ravanello
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Amandine Peyrel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Christophe Bosc
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Christian Delphin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Florence Appaix
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Eric Denarier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Alexandra Kraut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEAGrenobleFrance
| | | | - Alyson Fournier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Sylvie Gory-Fauré
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CEA, Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance
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Dangelmaier C, Kunapuli SP. Protease-activated receptor 4 causes Akt phosphorylation independently of PI3 kinase pathways. Platelets 2021; 32:832-837. [PMID: 32811251 PMCID: PMC7889752 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1802415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PI-3 Kinase plays an important role in platelet activation mainly through regulation of RASA3. Akt phosphorylation is an indicator for the activity of PI3 kinase. The aim of this study is to characterize the pathways leading to Akt phosphorylation in platelets. We performed concentration response curves of LY294002, a pan-PI3 kinase inhibitor, on platelet aggregation and Akt phosphorylation, in washed human and mouse platelets. At concentrations as low as 3.12 µM, LY294002 abolished Akt phosphorylation induced by 2MeSADP and SFLLRN, but not by AYPGKF. It required much higher concentrations of LY294002 (12.5-25 µM) to abolish AYPGKF-induced Akt phosphorylation, both in wild type and P2Y12 null mouse platelets. We propose that 3.12 µM LY294002 is sufficient to inhibit PI3 kinase isoforms in platelets and higher concentrations might inhibit other pathways regulating Akt phosphorylation by AYPGKF. We conclude that Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) might cause Akt phosphorylation through pathways distinctly different from those of Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Dangelmaier
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Chhuon C, Zhang SY, Jung V, Lewandowski D, Lipecka J, Pawlak A, Sahali D, Ollero M, Guerrera IC. A sensitive S-Trap-based approach to the analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1512-1523. [PMID: 32769147 PMCID: PMC7604723 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d120000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome is challenging due to the highly dynamic nature of rafts and the hydrophobic character of raft-resident proteins. We explored an innovative strategy for bottom-up lipid raftomics based on suspension-trapping (S-Trap) sample preparation. Mouse T cells were prepared from splenocytes by negative immunoselection, and rafts were isolated by a detergent-free method and OptiPrep gradient ultracentrifugation. Microdomains enriched in flotillin-1, LAT, and cholesterol were subjected to proteomic analysis through an optimized protocol based on S-Trap and high pH fractionation, followed by nano-LC-MS/MS. Using this method, we identified 2,680 proteins in the raft-rich fraction and established a database of 894 T cell raft proteins. We then performed a differential analysis on the raft-rich fraction from nonstimulated versus anti-CD3/CD28 T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated T cells. Our results revealed 42 proteins present in one condition and absent in the other. For the first time, we performed a proteomic analysis on rafts from ex vivo T cells obtained from individual mice, before and after TCR activation. This work demonstrates that the proposed method utilizing an S-Trap-based approach for sample preparation increases the specificity and sensitivity of lipid raftomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cerina Chhuon
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Shao-Yu Zhang
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Jung
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lewandowski
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - Joanna Lipecka
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
| | - André Pawlak
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Dil Sahali
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Mario Ollero
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Ida Chiara Guerrera
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
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11
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Molecular Drivers of Platelet Activation: Unraveling Novel Targets for Anti-Thrombotic and Anti-Thrombo-Inflammatory Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217906. [PMID: 33114406 PMCID: PMC7662962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally-partly a consequence of increased population size and ageing-and are major contributors to reduced quality of life. Platelets play a major role in hemostasis and thrombosis. While platelet activation and aggregation are essential for hemostasis at sites of vascular injury, uncontrolled platelet activation leads to pathological thrombus formation and provokes thrombosis leading to myocardial infarction or stroke. Platelet activation and thrombus formation is a multistage process with different signaling pathways involved to trigger platelet shape change, integrin activation, stable platelet adhesion, aggregation, and degranulation. Apart from thrombotic events, thrombo-inflammation contributes to organ damage and dysfunction in CVDs and is mediated by platelets and inflammatory cells. Therefore, in the past, many efforts have been made to investigate specific signaling pathways in platelets to identify innovative and promising approaches for novel antithrombotic and anti-thrombo-inflammatory strategies that do not interfere with hemostasis. In this review, we focus on some of the most recent data reported on different platelet receptors, including GPIb-vWF interactions, GPVI activation, platelet chemokine receptors, regulation of integrin signaling, and channel homeostasis of NMDAR and PANX1.
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Komatsuya K, Kaneko K, Kasahara K. Function of Platelet Glycosphingolipid Microdomains/Lipid Rafts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155539. [PMID: 32748854 PMCID: PMC7432685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are dynamic assemblies of glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and specific proteins which are stabilized into platforms involved in the regulation of vital cellular processes. The rafts at the cell surface play important functions in signal transduction. Recent reports have demonstrated that lipid rafts are spatially and compositionally heterogeneous in the single-cell membrane. In this review, we summarize our recent data on living platelets using two specific probes of raft components: lysenin as a probe of sphingomyelin-rich rafts and BCθ as a probe of cholesterol-rich rafts. Sphingomyelin-rich rafts that are spatially and functionally distinct from the cholesterol-rich rafts were found at spreading platelets. Fibrin is translocated to sphingomyelin-rich rafts and platelet sphingomyelin-rich rafts act as platforms where extracellular fibrin and intracellular actomyosin join to promote clot retraction. On the other hand, the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI is known to be translocated to cholesterol-rich rafts during platelet adhesion to collagen. Furthermore, the functional roles of platelet glycosphingolipids and platelet raft-binding proteins including G protein-coupled receptors, stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, and HflK/C-domain protein family, tetraspanin family, and calcium channels are discussed.
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He F, Zhong X, Lin Z, Lin J, Qiu M, Li X, Hu Z. Plasma exo-hsa_circRNA_0056616: A potential biomarker for lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:4037-4046. [PMID: 32368286 PMCID: PMC7196257 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the relationship between CXCR4-related circular RNAs (circRNAs) in exosomes and lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Totally 41 lung adenocarcinoma tissues (21 with lymph node metastasis and 20 without) were collected. Expression of CXCR4 protein was detected by western blotting analysis. A stable PC9/CXCR4-shRNA and PC14/CXCR4-shRNA knockdown lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were established and subjected to functional assays (cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion) for phenotype changes. Exo-hsa-circRNAs (has-circRNAs in exosomes) were detected in vivo and in vitro. The diagnostic value of differentially expressed exo-has-circRNAs was evaluated. Results: Expression levels of CXCR4 were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without (P = 0.001). Silencing CXCR4 expression in PC9 and PC14 cell lines with short hairpin RNA could effectively abolish colony formation frequency, proliferation rate, migration rate, and the number of invasive cells (all P < 0.001). Exo_circRNA_0056616 was detected in both PC-9/CXCR4-shRNA cells and lung adenocarcinoma plasma at significantly higher levels than in the corresponding control (P < 0.001). When a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for plasma exo-hsa_circRNA_0056616 levels and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma was generated, a cutoff value of 0.394 was identified with an area under the curve of 0.812 (95% confidence interval 0.720-0.903), a sensitivity of 0.792, and specificity of 0.810. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggested that CXCR4 was higher in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis. Higher plasma levels of exo-hsa_circRNA_0056616 in these patients also suggest that this circRNA represents a potential biomarker for lymph node metastasis predictor in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xuejing Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Department of Science and Education, The Affiliated Longyan First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianbo Lin
- Department of Chest Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Minglian Qiu
- Department of Chest Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Chest Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zhijian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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14
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Ferreira BJ, Lannes-Costa PS, Santos GDS, Mermelstein C, Einicker-Lamas M, Nagao PE. Involvement of lipid microdomains in human endothelial cells infected by Streptococcus agalactiae type III belonging to the hypervirulent ST-17. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e190398. [PMID: 32187326 PMCID: PMC7066991 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus agalactiae capsular type III strains are a
leading cause of invasive neonatal infections. Many pathogens have developed
mechanisms to escape from host defense response using the host membrane
microdomain machinery. Lipid rafts play an important role in a variety of
cellular functions and the benefit provided by interaction with lipid rafts
can vary from one pathogen to another. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the involvement of membrane microdomains during
infection of human endothelial cell by S. agalactiae. METHODS The effects of cholesterol depletion and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
activation during S. agalactiae-human umbilical vein
endothelial cells (HUVEC) interaction were analysed by pre-treatment with
methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) or LY294002 inhibitors, immunofluorescence and
immunoblot analysis. The involvement of lipid rafts was analysed by
colocalisation of bacteria with flotillin-1 and caveolin-1 using
fluorescence confocal microscopy. FINDINGS In this work, we demonstrated the importance of the integrity of lipid rafts
microdomains and activation of PI3K/Akt pathway during invasion of
S. agalactiae strain to HUVEC cells. Our results
suggest the involvement of flotillin-1 and caveolin-1 during the invasion of
S. agalactiae strain in HUVEC cells. CONCLUSIONS The collection of our results suggests that lipid microdomain affects the
interaction of S. agalactiae type III belonging to the
hypervirulent ST-17 with HUVEC cells through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Jandre Ferreira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Fisiologia de Estreptococos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Pamella Silva Lannes-Costa
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Fisiologia de Estreptococos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gabriela da Silva Santos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Fisiologia de Estreptococos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Mermelstein
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Einicker-Lamas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Prescilla Emy Nagao
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Fisiologia de Estreptococos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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15
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Iida M, Harari PM, Wheeler DL, Toulany M. Targeting AKT/PKB to improve treatment outcomes for solid tumors. Mutat Res 2020; 819-820:111690. [PMID: 32120136 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2020.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase AKT, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), is the major substrate to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and consists of three paralogs: AKT1 (PKBα), AKT2 (PKBβ) and AKT3 (PKBγ). The PI3K/AKT pathway is normally activated by binding of ligands to membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) as well as downstream to G-protein coupled receptors and integrin-linked kinase. Through multiple downstream substrates, activated AKT controls a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. In human cancers, the PI3K/AKT pathway is most frequently hyperactivated due to mutations and/or overexpression of upstream components. Aberrant expression of RTKs, gain of function mutations in PIK3CA, RAS, PDPK1, and AKT itself, as well as loss of function mutation in AKT phosphatases are genetic lesions that confer hyperactivation of AKT. Activated AKT stimulates DNA repair, e.g. double strand break repair after radiotherapy. Likewise, AKT attenuates chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. These observations suggest that a crucial link exists between AKT and DNA damage. Thus, AKT could be a major predictive marker of conventional cancer therapy, molecularly targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for solid tumors. In this review, we summarize the current understanding by which activated AKT mediates resistance to cancer treatment modalities, i.e. radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and RTK targeted therapy. Next, the effect of AKT on response of tumor cells to RTK targeted strategies will be discussed. Finally, we will provide a brief summary on the clinical trials of AKT inhibitors in combination with radiochemotherapy, RTK targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - P M Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D L Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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16
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Kasahara K. Lipid Rafts Heterogeneity. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2019. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1910.2sj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Kasahara
- Laboratory of Biomembrane, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
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17
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Kasahara K. Lipid Rafts Heterogeneity. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2019. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1910.2se] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Kasahara
- Laboratory of Biomembrane, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
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18
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Qasim H, Karim ZA, Hernandez KR, Lozano D, Khasawneh FT, Alshbool FZ. Arhgef1 Plays a Vital Role in Platelet Function and Thrombogenesis. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011712. [PMID: 30994039 PMCID: PMC6512111 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Platelets are the cellular mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis, and their function is regulated by a number of molecular mediators, such as small GTP ases. These small GTP ases are themselves regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as Arhgefs, several of which are found in platelets, including the highly expressed Arhgef1. However, the role of Arhgef1 in platelets has not yet been investigated. Methods and Results We employed mice with genetic deletion of Arhgef1 (ie, Arhgef1-/-) and investigated their platelet phenotype by employing a host of in vivo and in vitro platelet assays. Our results indicate that Arhgef1-/- mice had prolonged carotid artery occlusion and tail bleeding times. Moreover, platelets from these mice exhibited defective aggregation, dense and α granule secretion, α II bβ3 integrin activation, clot retraction and spreading, in comparison to their wild-type littermates. Finally, we also found that the mechanism by which Arhgef1 regulates platelets is mediated in part by a defect in the activation of the RhoA-Rho-associated kinase axis, but not Rap1b. Conclusions Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that Arhgef1 plays a critical role in platelet function, in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Qasim
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyThe University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTX
| | - Zubair A. Karim
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyThe University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTX
| | - Keziah R. Hernandez
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyThe University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTX
| | | | - Fadi T. Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyThe University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTX
| | - Fatima Z. Alshbool
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyThe University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTX
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19
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Khaliulin AV, Gusyakova OA, Kozlov AV, Gabrilchak AI. [Metabolism processes and mechanisms of regulation of platelet activity (review of literature).]. Klin Lab Diagn 2019; 64:164-169. [PMID: 31012555 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2019-64-3-164-169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelets play fundamental role in ensuring the hemostatic function in blood. In addition to this canonical function, the blood plates play angiotrophic, immunological, transport role, participate in the activation of plasma hemostasis, retraction of a blood clot, and can record circulating immune complexes. The review article presents current data on the structure and conjugation of molecular rearrangements of platelet ultrastructures associated with the functioning of an open canalicular platelet system, a dense tubular system, and a platelet cytoplasmic membrane. The main types of resting platelet metabolism, and the processes underlying the activation of platelets associated with the enhancement of carbohydrate and fatty acid catabolism are characterized, as well as some signaling pathways that regulate processes of induction of platelet aggregation. The data show the value of lipid components of activated platelet membranes, including phospholipids of various classes, glycolipids and cholesterol. The role of regulatory processes associated with the non-covalent modification of certain platelet proteins with fatty acids is reflected. Fundamental questions of platelet metabolism are relevant nowadays and require a combined approach of studying them, which can potentially solve many problems of clinical laboratory diagnostics, pathobiochemistry, and pharmacology. In preparing the review, we used sources from international and russian databases: Scopus, Web of Science, RSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Khaliulin
- Samara State Medical University, 443099, Samara, Russia
| | - O A Gusyakova
- Samara State Medical University, 443099, Samara, Russia
| | - A V Kozlov
- Samara State Medical University, 443099, Samara, Russia
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