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Sulaimani N, Houghton MJ, Bonham MP, Williamson G. Effects of (Poly)phenols on Circadian Clock Gene-Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis in Cultured Mammalian Cells: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100232. [PMID: 38648895 PMCID: PMC11107464 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks regulate metabolic homeostasis. Disruption to our circadian clocks, by lifestyle behaviors such as timing of eating and sleeping, has been linked to increased rates of metabolic disorders. There is now considerable evidence that selected dietary (poly)phenols, including flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins, may modulate metabolic and circadian processes. This review evaluates the effects of (poly)phenols on circadian clock genes and linked metabolic homeostasis in vitro, and potential mechanisms of action, by critically evaluating the literature on mammalian cells. A systematic search was conducted to ensure full coverage of the literature and identified 43 relevant studies addressing the effects of (poly)phenols on cellular circadian processes. Nobiletin and tangeretin, found in citrus, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea, urolithin A, a gut microbial metabolite from ellagitannins in fruit, curcumin, bavachalcone, cinnamic acid, and resveratrol at low micromolar concentrations all affect circadian molecular processes in multiple types of synchronized cells. Nobiletin emerges as a putative retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (RORα/γ) agonist, leading to induction of the circadian regulator brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1), and increased period circadian regulator 2 (PER2) amplitude and period. These effects are clear despite substantial variations in the protocols employed, and this review suggests a methodological framework to help future study design in this emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Sulaimani
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Department of Food and Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael J Houghton
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Maxine P Bonham
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
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2
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Ryan C, Tahara Y, Haraguchi A, Lu Y, Shibata S. Nobiletin Stimulates Adrenal Hormones and Modulates the Circadian Clock in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1491. [PMID: 38794729 PMCID: PMC11123956 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxyflavonoids, such as nobiletin (abundant in Citrus depressa), have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-dementia effects, and are also a circadian clock modulator through retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) α/γ. However, the optimal timing of nobiletin intake has not yet been determined. Here, we explored the time-dependent treatment effects of nobiletin and a possible novel mechanistic idea for nobiletin-induced circadian clock regulation in mice. In vivo imaging showed that the PER2::LUC rhythm in the peripheral organs was altered in accordance with the timing of nobiletin administration (100 mg/kg). Administration at ZT4 (middle of the light period) caused an advance in the peripheral clock, whereas administration at ZT16 (middle of the dark period) caused an increase in amplitude. In addition, the intraperitoneal injection of nobiletin significantly and potently stimulated corticosterone and adrenaline secretion and caused an increase in Per1 expression in the peripheral tissues. Nobiletin inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4A1A, 4B1, and 10A2. Nobiletin or rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor) injection, but not SR1078 (RORα/γ agonist), caused acute Per1 expression in the peripheral tissues. Thus, the present study demonstrated a novel function of nobiletin and the regulation of the peripheral circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conn Ryan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan; (C.R.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Yu Tahara
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan; (C.R.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan; (C.R.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan;
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan; (C.R.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan;
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3
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Zeng Y, Guo Z, Wu M, Chen F, Chen L. Circadian rhythm regulates the function of immune cells and participates in the development of tumors. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:199. [PMID: 38678017 PMCID: PMC11055927 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are present in almost all cells and play a crucial role in regulating various biological processes. Maintaining a stable circadian rhythm is essential for overall health. Disruption of this rhythm can alter the expression of clock genes and cancer-related genes, and affect many metabolic pathways and factors, thereby affecting the function of the immune system and contributing to the occurrence and progression of tumors. This paper aims to elucidate the regulatory effects of BMAL1, clock and other clock genes on immune cells, and reveal the molecular mechanism of circadian rhythm's involvement in tumor and its microenvironment regulation. A deeper understanding of circadian rhythms has the potential to provide new strategies for the treatment of cancer and other immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Zeng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zichan Guo
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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4
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van Beurden AW, Tersteeg MMH, Michel S, van Veldhoven JPD, IJzerman AP, Rohling JHT, Meijer JH. Small-molecule CEM3 strengthens single-cell oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23348. [PMID: 38084798 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300597rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
A robust endogenous clock is required for proper function of many physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) constitutes our central circadian clock and allows us to adapt to daily changes in the environment. Aging can cause a decline in the amplitude of circadian rhythms in SCN and peripheral clocks, which contributes to increased risk of several chronic diseases. Strengthening clock function would therefore be an effective strategy to improve health. A high-throughput chemical screening has identified clock-enhancing molecule 3 (CEM3) as small molecule that increases circadian rhythm amplitude in cell lines and SCN explants. It is, however, currently not known whether CEM3 acts by enhancing the amplitude of individual single-cell oscillators or by enhancing synchrony among neurons. In view of CEM3's potential, it is of evident importance to clarify the mode of action of CEM3. Here, we investigated the effects of CEM3 on single-cell PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE rhythms in mouse SCN explants. CEM3 increased the amplitude in approximately 80%-90% of the individual cells in the SCN without disrupting the phase and/or period of their rhythms. Noticeably, CEM3's effect on amplitude is independent of the cell's initial amplitude. These findings make CEM3 a potential therapeutic candidate to restore compromised amplitude in circadian rhythms and will boost the development of other molecular approaches to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk W van Beurden
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mayke M H Tersteeg
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Michel
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco P D van Veldhoven
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H T Rohling
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna H Meijer
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Kim E, Mawatari K, Yoo SH, Chen Z. The Circadian Nobiletin-ROR Axis Suppresses Adipogenic Differentiation and IκBα/NF-κB Signaling in Adipocytes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3919. [PMID: 37764703 PMCID: PMC10537147 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a known risk factor for metabolic diseases and is often associated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue. We previously identified the polyethoxylated flavonoid Nobiletin (NOB) as a circadian clock modulator that directly binds to and activates the ROR receptors in the core oscillator, markedly improving metabolic fitness in obese mice. Here, we show that NOB enhanced the oscillation of core clock genes in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, including ROR target genes such as Bmal1, Cry1, Dec1, and Dec2. NOB inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 and SVF cells, concomitant with the dysregulated circadian expression of adipogenic differentiation-related genes including Cebpb, Pparg, Lpl, Scd1, and Fas. Importantly, RORα/RORγ double knockdown in 3T3-L1 cells (Ror DKD) significantly attenuated the effects of NOB on circadian gene expression and lipid accumulation. Furthermore, whereas NOB upregulated the expression of IκBα, a target of RORs, to inhibit NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression, Ror DKD cells exhibited a heightened activation of the NF-κB pathway, further indicating a requisite role of RORs for NOB efficacy in adipocytes. Together, these results highlight a significant regulatory function of the NOB-ROR axis in the circadian expression of clock and clock-controlled genes in adipocytes, thereby governing adipogenic differentiation, lipogenesis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Kazuaki Mawatari
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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6
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Hariri A, Mirian M, Zarrabi A, Kohandel M, Amini-Pozveh M, Aref AR, Tabatabaee A, Prabhakar PK, Sivakumar PM. The circadian rhythm: an influential soundtrack in the diabetes story. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156757. [PMID: 37441501 PMCID: PMC10333930 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been the main category of metabolic diseases in recent years due to changes in lifestyle and environmental conditions such as diet and physical activity. On the other hand, the circadian rhythm is one of the most significant biological pathways in humans and other mammals, which is affected by light, sleep, and human activity. However, this cycle is controlled via complicated cellular pathways with feedback loops. It is widely known that changes in the circadian rhythm can alter some metabolic pathways of body cells and could affect the treatment process, particularly for metabolic diseases like T2DM. The aim of this study is to explore the importance of the circadian rhythm in the occurrence of T2DM via reviewing the metabolic pathways involved, their relationship with the circadian rhythm from two perspectives, lifestyle and molecular pathways, and their effect on T2DM pathophysiology. These impacts have been demonstrated in a variety of studies and led to the development of approaches such as time-restricted feeding, chronotherapy (time-specific therapies), and circadian molecule stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirali Hariri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Amini-Pozveh
- Department of Prosthodontics Dentistry, Dental Materials Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aliye Tabatabaee
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pranav Kumar Prabhakar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara Punjab, India
| | - Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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7
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Hashikawa KI, Tsuruta A, Yamakawa W, Yasukochi S, Koyanagi S, Ohdo S. Senescence-induced alteration of circadian phagocytic activity of retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE-19. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 658:88-96. [PMID: 37027909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Renewal of retinal photoreceptor outer segments is conducted through daily shedding of distal photoreceptor outer segment tips and subsequent their phagocytosis by the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer. Dysregulation of the diurnal clearance of photoreceptor outer segment tips has been implicated in age-related retinal degeneration, but it remains to be clarified how the circadian phagocytic activity of RPE cells is modulated by senescence. In this study, we used the human RPE cell line ARPE-19 to investigate whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence in ARPE-19 cells alters the circadian rhythm of their phagocytic activity. After synchronization of the cellular circadian clock by dexamethasone treatment, the phagocytic activity of normal ARPE-19 cells exhibited significant 24-h oscillation, but this oscillation was modulated by senescence. The phagocytic activity of senescent ARPE-19 cells increased constantly throughout the 24-h period, which still exhibited blunted circadian oscillation, accompanied by an alteration in the rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes and clock-controlled phagocytosis-related genes. The expression levels of REV-ERBα, a molecular component of the circadian clock, were constitutively increased in senescent ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of REV-ERBα by its agonist SR9009 enhanced the phagocytic activity of normal ARPE-19 cells and increased the expression of clock-controlled phagocytosis-related genes. Our present findings extend to understand the role of circadian clock in the alteration of phagocytic activity in RPE during aging. Constitutive enhancement of phagocytic activity of senescent RPE may contribute to age-related retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Hashikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akito Tsuruta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Glocal Healthcare Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wakaba Yamakawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sai Yasukochi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Koyanagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Glocal Healthcare Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Ohdo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Homeida AM, Homeida MA, Al-Suhaimi EA. Circadian hormone secretion of enteroendocrine cells: implication on pregnancy status. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1106382. [PMID: 37234809 PMCID: PMC10206244 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The timing of food intake is a key cue for circadian rhythms in humans and animals. In response to food intake, gut hormones called incretin are produced by intestinal enteroendocrine cells in a circadian rhythm that stimulates insulin secretion and regulates body weight and energy expenditure. Pregnancy is associated with the expansion of β cells, the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, and excessive weight gain. The timing of food intake is a good way to address metabolic complications during pregnancy. The current review focuses on the circadian rhythms and biological actions of enteroendocrine hormones and their associations with pregnancy status, specifically topics like food intake and gut circadian rhythms, the circadian secretion of enteroendocrine peptides, and the effects of these factors during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelgadir M. Homeida
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Homeida
- UH Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Mawatari K, Koike N, Nohara K, Wirianto M, Uebanso T, Shimohata T, Shikishima Y, Miura H, Nii Y, Burish MJ, Yagita K, Takahashi A, Yoo SH, Chen Z. The Polymethoxyflavone Sudachitin Modulates the Circadian Clock and Improves Liver Physiology. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200270. [PMID: 36829302 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are a group of natural compounds known to display a wide array of beneficial effects to promote physiological fitness. Recent studies reveal circadian clocks as an important cellular mechanism mediating preventive efficacy of the major PMF Nobiletin against metabolic disorders. Sudachitin is a PMF enriched in Citrus sudachi, and its functions and mechanism of action are poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Using circadian reporter cells, it shows that Sudachitin modulates circadian amplitude and period of Bmal1 promoter-driven reporter rhythms, and real-time qPCR analysis shows that Sudachitin alters expression of core clock genes, notably Bmal1, at both transcript and protein levels. Mass-spec analysis reveals systemic exposure in vivo. In mice fed with high-fat diet with or without Sudachitin, it observes increased nighttime activity and daytime sleep, accompanied by significant metabolic improvements in a circadian time-dependent manner, including respiratory quotient, blood lipid and glucose profiles, and liver physiology. Focusing on liver, RNA-sequencing and metabolomic analyses reveal prevalent diurnal alteration in both gene expression and metabolite accumulation. CONCLUSION This study elucidates Sudachitin as a new clock-modulating PMF with beneficial effects to improve diurnal metabolic homeostasis and liver physiology, suggesting the circadian clock as a fundamental mechanism to safeguard physiological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Mawatari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuya Koike
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazunari Nohara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Takashi Uebanso
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shimohata
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shikishima
- Ikeda Yakusou Corporation, 1808-1 Shuzunakatsu, Ikeda-cho, Miyoshi-city, Tokushima, 778-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miura
- Ikeda Yakusou Corporation, 1808-1 Shuzunakatsu, Ikeda-cho, Miyoshi-city, Tokushima, 778-0020, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nii
- Food and Biotechnology Division, Tokushima Prefectural Industrial Technology Center, 11-2 Nishibari, Saika-cho, Tokushima, 770-8021, Japan
| | - Mark J Burish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Yagita
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Ito H, Negoro H, Kono J, Hayata N, Miura T, Manabe Y, Miyazaki Y, Mishina M, Woo JT, Sakane N, Okuno H. Effectiveness and Safety of a Mixture of Nobiletin and Tangeretin in Nocturia Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Crossover Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2757. [PMID: 37109094 PMCID: PMC10143228 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin and tangeretin (NoT) are flavonoids derived from the peel of Citrus depressa, and they have been found to modulate circadian rhythms. Because nocturia can be considered a circadian rhythm disorder, we investigated the efficacy of NoT for treating nocturia. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study was conducted. The trial was registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs051180071). Nocturia patients aged ≥50 years who presented nocturia more than 2 times on a frequency-volume chart were recruited. Participants received NoT or a placebo (50 mg once daily for 6 weeks), followed by a washout period of ≥2 weeks. The placebo and NoT conditions were then switched. Changes in nocturnal bladder capacity (NBC) were the primary endpoint, and changes in nighttime frequency and nocturnal polyuria index (NPi) were secondary endpoints. Forty patients (13 women) with an average age of 73.5 years were recruited for the study. Thirty-six completed the study, while four withdrew. No adverse events directly related to NoT were observed. NoT had little effect on NBC compared with the placebo. In contrast, NoT significantly changed nighttime frequency by -0.5 voids compared with the placebo (p = 0.040). The change in NPi from baseline to the end of NoT was significant (-2.8%, p = 0.048). In conclusion, NoT showed little change in NBC but resulted in decreased nighttime frequency with a tendency toward reduced NPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Ito
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Negoro
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Jin Kono
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayata
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Miura
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yumi Manabe
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yu Miyazaki
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Mishina
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Je Tae Woo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Sakane
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okuno
- Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
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11
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Kim E, Yoo SH, Chen Z. Circadian stabilization loop: the regulatory hub and therapeutic target promoting circadian resilience and physiological health. F1000Res 2022; 11:1236. [PMID: 36415204 PMCID: PMC9652504 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126364.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is a fundamental biological mechanism that orchestrates essential cellular and physiological processes to optimize fitness and health. The basic functional unit is the cell-autonomous oscillator, consisting of intersecting negative feedback loops. Whereas the core loop is primarily responsible for rhythm generation, auxiliary loops, most notably the secondary or stabilization loop, play pivotal roles to confer temporal precision and molecular robustness. The stabilization loop contains opposing nuclear receptor subfamilies REV-ERBs and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs), competing to modulate rhythmic expression of the basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1 ( Bmal1) genes in the core loop as well as other clock-controlled genes. Therefore, REV-ERBs and RORs are strategically located to interface the oscillator and the global transcriptomic network, promoting cellular homeostasis and physiological fitness throughout lifespan. Disruption of REV-ERB and ROR functions has been linked with diseases and aging, and pharmacological manipulation of these factors has shown promise in various mouse disease models. Nobiletin is a natural compound that directly binds to and activates RORα/γ, modulating circadian rhythms, and shows robust in vivo efficacies to combat clock-associated pathophysiologies and age-related decline. Results from several studies demonstrate an inverse relation between nobiletin efficacy and clock functional state, where nobiletin elicits little effect in young and healthy mice with growing efficacy as the clock is perturbed by environmental and genetic challenges. This mode of action is consistent with the function of the stabilization loop to promote circadian and physiological resilience. Future studies should further investigate the function and mechanism of REV-ERBs and RORs, and test strategies targeting these factors against disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA,
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12
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Kim E, Yoo SH, Chen Z. Circadian stabilization loop: the regulatory hub and therapeutic target promoting circadian resilience and physiological health. F1000Res 2022; 11:1236. [PMID: 36415204 PMCID: PMC9652504.2 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126364.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is a fundamental biological mechanism that orchestrates essential cellular and physiological processes to optimize fitness and health. The basic functional unit is the cell-autonomous oscillator, consisting of intersecting negative feedback loops. Whereas the core loop is primarily responsible for rhythm generation, auxiliary loops, most notably the secondary or stabilization loop, play pivotal roles to confer temporal precision and molecular robustness. The stabilization loop contains opposing nuclear receptor subfamilies REV-ERBs and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs), competing to modulate rhythmic expression of the basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1 ( Bmal1) genes in the core loop as well as other clock-controlled genes. Therefore, REV-ERBs and RORs are strategically located to interface the oscillator and the global transcriptomic network, promoting cellular homeostasis and physiological fitness throughout lifespan. Disruption of REV-ERB and ROR functions has been linked with diseases and aging, and pharmacological manipulation of these factors has shown promise in various mouse disease models. Nobiletin is a natural compound that directly binds to and activates RORα/γ, modulating circadian rhythms, and shows robust in vivo efficacies to combat clock-associated pathophysiologies and age-related decline. Results from several studies demonstrate an inverse relation between nobiletin efficacy and clock functional state, where nobiletin elicits little effect in young and healthy mice with growing efficacy as the clock is perturbed by environmental and genetic challenges. This mode of action is consistent with the function of the stabilization loop to promote circadian and physiological resilience. Future studies should further investigate the function and mechanism of REV-ERBs and RORs, and test strategies targeting these factors against disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, TX, 77030, USA,
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13
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Haraguchi A, Saito K, Tahara Y, Shibata S. Polygalae Radix shortens the circadian period through activation of the CaMKII pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:689-698. [PMID: 35298359 PMCID: PMC8933028 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2048863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The mammalian circadian clock system regulates physiological function. Crude drugs, containing Polygalae Radix, and Kampō, combining multiple crude drugs, have been used to treat various diseases, but few studies have focussed on the circadian clock. OBJECTIVE We examine effective crude drugs, which cover at least one or two of Kampō, for the shortening effects on period length of clock gene expression rhythm, and reveal the mechanism of shortening effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prepared 40 crude drugs. In the in vitro experiments, we used mouse embryonic fibroblasts from PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE knock-in mice (background; C57BL/6J mice) to evaluate the effect of crude drugs on the period length of core clock gene, Per2, expression rhythm by chronic treatment (six days) with distilled water or crude drugs (100 μg/mL). In the in vivo experiments, we evaluated the free-running period length of C57BL/6J mice fed AIN-93M or AIN-93M supplemented with 1% crude drug (6 weeks) that shortened the period length of the PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression rhythm in the in vitro experiments. RESULTS We found that Polygalae Radix (ED50: 24.01 μg/mL) had the most shortened PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE rhythm period length in 40 crude drugs and that the CaMKII pathway was involved in this effect. Moreover, long-term feeding with AIN-93M+Polygalae Radix slightly shortened the free-running period of the mouse locomotor activity rhythm. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Polygalae Radix may be regarded as a new therapy for circadian rhythm disorder and that the CaMKII pathway may be regarded as a target pathway for circadian rhythm disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Haraguchi
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Saito
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Chrononutrition-When We Eat Is of the Essence in Tackling Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235080. [PMID: 36501110 PMCID: PMC9739590 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic and relapsing public health problem with an extensive list of associated comorbidities. The worldwide prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled over the last five decades and continues to pose a serious threat to wider society and the wellbeing of future generations. The pathogenesis of obesity is complex but diet plays a key role in the onset and progression of the disease. The human diet has changed drastically across the globe, with an estimate that approximately 72% of the calories consumed today come from foods that were not part of our ancestral diets and are not compatible with our metabolism. Additionally, multiple nutrient-independent factors, e.g., cost, accessibility, behaviours, culture, education, work commitments, knowledge and societal set-up, influence our food choices and eating patterns. Much research has been focused on 'what to eat' or 'how much to eat' to reduce the obesity burden, but increasingly evidence indicates that 'when to eat' is fundamental to human metabolism. Aligning feeding patterns to the 24-h circadian clock that regulates a wide range of physiological and behavioural processes has multiple health-promoting effects with anti-obesity being a major part. This article explores the current understanding of the interactions between the body clocks, bioactive dietary components and the less appreciated role of meal timings in energy homeostasis and obesity.
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15
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Neba Ambe GNN, Breda C, Bhambra AS, Arroo RRJ. Effect of the Citrus Flavone Nobiletin on Circadian Rhythms and Metabolic Syndrome. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227727. [PMID: 36431828 PMCID: PMC9695244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the circadian clock in maintaining human health is now widely acknowledged. Dysregulated and dampened clocks may be a common cause of age-related diseases and metabolic syndrome Thus, circadian clocks should be considered as therapeutic targets to mitigate disease symptoms. This review highlights a number of dietary compounds that positively affect the maintenance of the circadian clock. Notably the polymethoxyflavone nobiletin has shown some encouraging results in pre-clinical experiments. Although many more experiments are needed to fully elucidate its exact mechanism of action, it is a promising candidate with potential as a chronotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael N. N. Neba Ambe
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Carlo Breda
- School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Avninder Singh Bhambra
- School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Randolph R. J. Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
- Correspondence:
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16
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Tomita T, Kawano Y, Kassai M, Onda H, Nakajima Y, Miyazaki K. Hydroxy-β-sanshool isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum (Japanese pepper) shortens the period of the circadian clock. Food Funct 2022; 13:9407-9418. [PMID: 35960176 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We showed that an ethanol extract from Zanthoxylum piperitum can shorten the circadian rhythm at the cellular level and that this activity was due to hydroxy-β-sanshool, a secondary metabolite in this plant. An ethanol extract of Z. piperitum was repeatedly fractionated using solid phase extraction and reverse-phase HPLC, then the circadian rhythms of cells to which the fractions were loaded were monitored using real-time reporter gene assays. We purified one HPLC peak and identified it as hydroxy-β-sanshool using liquid chromatography (LC)-precision-mass spectrometry (MS). This compound shortened the period of Bmal1 and Per2 at the cellular level. Incubation cells for 24 h with hydroxy-β-sanshool resulted in upregulated Per2 promoter activity. Hydroxy-β-sanshool also dose-dependently upregulated expression of the clock genes Bmal1, Per1, Per2 and Cry1 and the clock-controlled oxidative stress responsive genes Gpx1and Sod2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsunosuke Tomita
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kawano
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Kassai
- S&B Foods Inc., #605 MITSUI LINK-Lab Shinkiba1 Shinkiba 2-3-8, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0082, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Onda
- S&B Foods Inc., #605 MITSUI LINK-Lab Shinkiba1 Shinkiba 2-3-8, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0082, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hayashicho 2217-14, Takamatsu, 761-0395, Japan
| | - Koyomi Miyazaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan.
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17
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Sato T, Sassone-Corsi P. Nutrition, metabolism, and epigenetics: pathways of circadian reprogramming. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52412. [PMID: 35412705 PMCID: PMC9066069 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Food intake profoundly affects systemic physiology. A large body of evidence has indicated a link between food intake and circadian rhythms, and ~24-h cycles are deemed essential for adapting internal homeostasis to the external environment. Circadian rhythms are controlled by the biological clock, a molecular system remarkably conserved throughout evolution. The circadian clock controls the cyclic expression of numerous genes, a regulatory program common to all mammalian cells, which may lead to various metabolic and physiological disturbances if hindered. Although the circadian clock regulates multiple metabolic pathways, metabolic states also provide feedback on the molecular clock. Therefore, a remarkable feature is reprogramming by nutritional challenges, such as a high-fat diet, fasting, ketogenic diet, and caloric restriction. In addition, various factors such as energy balance, histone modifications, and nuclear receptor activity are involved in the remodeling of the clock. Herein, we review the interaction of dietary components with the circadian system and illustrate the relationships linking the molecular clock to metabolism and critical roles in the remodeling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Sato
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, INSERM U1233, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, INSERM U1233, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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18
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Hildreth SB, Littleton ES, Clark LC, Puller GC, Kojima S, Winkel BSJ. Mutations that alter Arabidopsis flavonoid metabolism affect the circadian clock. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:932-945. [PMID: 35218268 PMCID: PMC9311810 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a well-known class of specialized metabolites that play key roles in plant development, reproduction, and survival. Flavonoids are also of considerable interest from the perspective of human health, as both phytonutrients and pharmaceuticals. RNA sequencing analysis of an Arabidopsis null allele for chalcone synthase (CHS), which catalyzes the first step in flavonoid metabolism, has uncovered evidence that these compounds influence the expression of genes associated with the plant circadian clock. Analysis of promoter-luciferase constructs further showed that the transcriptional activity of CCA1 and TOC1, two key clock genes, is altered in CHS-deficient seedlings across the day/night cycle. Similar findings for a mutant line lacking flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) activity, and thus able to synthesize mono- but not dihydroxylated B-ring flavonoids, suggests that the latter are at least partially responsible; this was further supported by the ability of quercetin to enhance CCA1 promoter activity in wild-type and CHS-deficient seedlings. The effects of flavonoids on circadian function were also reflected in photosynthetic activity, with chlorophyll cycling abolished in CHS- and F3'H-deficient plants. Remarkably, the same phenotype was exhibited by plants with artificially high flavonoid levels, indicating that neither the antioxidant potential nor the light-screening properties of flavonoids contribute to optimal clock function, as has recently also been demonstrated in animal systems. Collectively, the current experiments point to a previously unknown connection between flavonoids and circadian cycling in plants and open the way to better understanding of the molecular basis of flavonoid action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry B. Hildreth
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Evan S. Littleton
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Leor C. Clark
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Present address:
Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public HealthGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA
| | - Gabrielle C. Puller
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Present address:
Laboratory of Molecular BiologyNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20 892USA
| | - Shihoko Kojima
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Brenda S. J. Winkel
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
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19
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A Narrative Review of the Effects of Citrus Peels and Extracts on Human Brain Health and Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091847. [PMID: 35565814 PMCID: PMC9103913 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy increases, age-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) become a major health problem. The onset of AD involves neurological dysfunction due to amyloid-β accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain. In addition, lifestyle-related diseases-such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and vascular dysfunction-increase the risk of developing dementia. The world population ages, prompting the development of new strategies to maintain brain health and prevent the onset of dementia in older and preclinical patients. Citrus fruits are abundant polymethoxylated flavone and flavanone sources. Preclinical studies reported that these compounds have neuroprotective effects in models of dementia such as AD. Interestingly, clinical and epidemiological studies appear to support preclinical evidence and show improved cognitive function and reduced associated disease risk in healthy individuals and/or patients. This review summarizes the recent evidence of the beneficial effects of citrus peels and extracts on human cognition and related functions.
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20
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Kim E, Kim YJ, Ji Z, Kang JM, Wirianto M, Paudel KR, Smith JA, Ono K, Kim JA, Eckel-Mahan K, Zhou X, Lee HK, Yoo JY, Yoo SH, Chen Z. ROR activation by Nobiletin enhances antitumor efficacy via suppression of IκB/NF-κB signaling in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:374. [PMID: 35440077 PMCID: PMC9018867 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by poor response to standard therapies and therefore unfavorable clinical outcomes. Better understanding of TNBC and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. ROR nuclear receptors are multifunctional transcription factors with important roles in circadian pathways and other processes including immunity and tumorigenesis. Nobiletin (NOB) is a natural compound known to display anticancer effects, and our previous studies showed that NOB activates RORs to enhance circadian rhythms and promote physiological fitness in mice. Here, we identified several TNBC cell lines being sensitive to NOB, by itself or in combination. Cell and xenograft experiments showed that NOB significantly inhibited TNBC cell proliferation and motility in vitro and in vivo. ROR loss- and gain-of-function studies showed concordant effects of the NOB–ROR axis on MDA-MB-231 cell growth. Mechanistically, we found that NOB activates ROR binding to the ROR response elements (RRE) of the IκBα promoter, and NOB strongly inhibited p65 nuclear translocation. Consistent with transcriptomic analysis indicating cancer and NF-κB signaling as major pathways altered by NOB, p65-inducible expression abolished NOB effects, illustrating a requisite role of NF-κB suppression mediating the anti-TNBC effect of NOB. Finally, in vivo mouse xenograft studies showed that NOB enhanced the antitumor efficacy in mammary fat pad implanted TNBC, as a single agent or in combination with the chemotherapy agent Docetaxel. Together, our study highlights an anti-TNBC mechanism of ROR-NOB via suppression of NF-κB signaling, suggesting novel preventive and chemotherapeutic strategies against this devastating disease. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yoon-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhiwei Ji
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin Muk Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joshua A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Ono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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21
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Ito N, Maruko A, Oshima K, Yoshida M, Honma K, Sugiyama C, Nagai T, Kobayashi Y, Odaguchi H, Okada N. Kampo formulas alleviate aging-related emotional disturbances and neuroinflammation in male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:109-142. [PMID: 34979499 PMCID: PMC8791223 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging-induced neuroinflammation, also known as neuroinflammaging, plays a pivotal role in emotional disturbances, including depression and anxiety, in older individuals, thereby leading to cognitive dysfunction. Although numerous studies have focused on therapeutic strategies for cognitive impairment in older individuals, little research has been performed on treating its preceding emotional disturbances. Here, we examined whether Kampo formulas (kososan [KS], nobiletin-rich kososan [NKS], and hachimijiogan [HJG]) can ameliorate aging-induced emotional disturbances and neuroinflammation in mice. The depression-like behaviors observed in SAMP8 mice, relative to normally aging SAMR1 mice, were significantly prevented by treatment with Kampo formulas for 13 weeks. Western blot analysis revealed that hippocampal neuroinflammation was significantly abrogated by Kampo formulas. KS and NKS also significantly attenuated the hippocampal neuroinflammatory priming induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.33 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge in SAMP8 mice. Hippocampal IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels were significantly decreased in NKS-treated SAMP8 mice. KS and NKS showed significantly reduced tau accumulation in the brains of SAMP8 mice. RNA-sequencing revealed that each Kampo formula led to unique dynamics of hippocampal gene expression and appeared to abrogate hippocampal inflammatory responses. HJG significantly blocked the LPS-induced increase in serum IL-6 and MCP-1. These results suggest that Kampo formulas would be useful for treating aging-induced depression, in part by regulating neuroinflammatory pathways. This finding may pave the way for the development of therapeutic strategies for aging-related emotional disturbances, which may contribute to the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ito
- Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Akiko Maruko
- Laboratory of Genomics for Health and Longevity, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Oshima
- Laboratory of Genomics for Health and Longevity, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yoshida
- Research Laboratory, Kotaro Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hakusan, Ishikawa 920-0201, Japan
| | - Kengo Honma
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Chika Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nagai
- Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.,Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.,Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology for Phytomedicines, Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kobayashi
- Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Odaguchi
- Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Norihiro Okada
- Laboratory of Genomics for Health and Longevity, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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22
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Cvammen W, Kemp MG. Flavonoid Nobiletin Exhibits Differential Effects on Cell Viability in Keratinocytes Exposed to UVA versus UVB Radiation. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1372-1378. [PMID: 35348223 PMCID: PMC9790495 DOI: 10.1111/php.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The polymethoxylated flavonoid nobiletin has been shown to suppress inflammatory responses to UVB radiation and to enhance circadian rhythms. Because expression of the core nucleotide excision repair (NER) factor XPA and the rate of removal of UV photoproducts from DNA are regulated by the circadian clock, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of nobiletin in UVB-exposed cells could be due in part to enhanced NER. Although nobiletin limited UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes from undergoing cell death, we found that this enhanced survival was not associated with increased NER or XPA expression. Instead, nobiletin reduced initial UV photoproduct formation and promoted a G1 cell cycle arrest. We then examined the implications of this findings for exposures to solar radiation through use of a solar simulated light (SSL) source that contains primarily UVA radiation. In striking contrast to the results obtained with UVB radiation, nobiletin instead sensitized keratinocytes to both the SSL and a more defined UVA radiation source. This enhanced cell death was correlated with a photochemical change in nobiletin absorption spectrum and the production of reactive oxygen species. We conclude that nobiletin is unlikely to be a useful compound for protecting keratinocytes against the harmful effects of solar UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Cvammen
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyWright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDaytonOH
| | - Michael G. Kemp
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyWright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDaytonOH,Dayton Veterans Administration Medical CenterDaytonOH
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Meadows JD, Breuer JA, Lavalle SN, Hirschenberger MR, Patel MM, Nguyen D, Kim A, Cassin J, Gorman MR, Welsh DK, Mellon PL, Hoffmann HM. Deletion of Six3 in post-proliferative neurons produces weakened SCN circadian output, improved metabolic function, and dwarfism in male mice. Mol Metab 2021; 57:101431. [PMID: 34974160 PMCID: PMC8810556 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The increasing prevalence of obesity makes it important to increase the understanding of the maturation and function of the neuronal integrators and regulators of metabolic function. METHODS Behavioral, molecular, and physiological analyses of transgenic mice with Sine oculis 3 (Six3) deleted in mature neurons using the Synapsincreallele. RESULTS Conditional deletion of the homeodomain transcription factor Six3 in mature neurons causes dwarfism and weakens circadian wheel-running activity rhythms but increases general activity at night, and improves metabolic function, without impacting pubertal onset or fertility in males. The reduced growth in 6-week-old Six3fl/fl:Synapsincre (Six3syn) males correlates with increased somatostatin (SS) expression in the hypothalamus and reduced growth hormone (GH) in the pituitary. In contrast, 12-week-old Six3syn males have increased GH release, despite an increased number of the inhibitory SS neurons in the periventricular nucleus. GH is important in glucose metabolism, muscle function, and bone health. Interestingly, Six3syn males have improved glucose tolerance at 7, 12, and 18 weeks of age, which, in adulthood, is associated with increased % lean mass and increased metabolic rates. Further, 12-week-old Six3syn males have reduced bone mineralization and a lower bone mineral density, indicating that reduced GH levels during early life cause a long-term reduction in bone mineralization. CONCLUSION Our study points to the novel role of Six3 in post-proliferative neurons to regulate metabolic function through SS neuron control of GH release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D. Meadows
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Joseph A. Breuer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shanna N. Lavalle
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael R. Hirschenberger
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, 766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Meera M. Patel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Duong Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, 766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Alyssa Kim
- Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, and CANR Statistical Consulting Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jessica Cassin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael R. Gorman
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David K. Welsh
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Pamela L. Mellon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hanne M. Hoffmann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA,Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, 766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA,Corresponding author. Michigan State University Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building #3010 766 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48224, USA.
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Abstract
Circadian clocks are biological timing mechanisms that generate 24-h rhythms of physiology and behavior, exemplified by cycles of sleep/wake, hormone release, and metabolism. The adaptive value of clocks is evident when internal body clocks and daily environmental cycles are mismatched, such as in the case of shift work and jet lag or even mistimed eating, all of which are associated with physiological disruption and disease. Studies with animal and human models have also unraveled an important role of functional circadian clocks in modulating cellular and organismal responses to physiological cues (ex., food intake, exercise), pathological insults (e.g. virus and parasite infections), and medical interventions (e.g. medication). With growing knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying circadian physiology and pathophysiology, it is becoming possible to target circadian rhythms for disease prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss recent advances in circadian research and the potential for therapeutic applications that take patient circadian rhythms into account in treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yool Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Jeffrey M. Field
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Hoffmann HM, Meadows JD, Breuer JA, Yaw AM, Nguyen D, Tonsfeldt KJ, Chin AY, Devries BM, Trang C, Oosterhouse HJ, Lee JS, Doser JW, Gorman MR, Welsh DK, Mellon PL. The transcription factors SIX3 and VAX1 are required for suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian output and fertility in female mice. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2625-2645. [PMID: 34212416 PMCID: PMC8577618 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The homeodomain transcription factors sine oculis homeobox 3 (Six3) and ventral anterior homeobox 1 (Vax1) are required for brain development. Their expression in specific brain areas is maintained in adulthood, where their functions are poorly understood. To identify the roles of Six3 and Vax1 in neurons, we conditionally deleted each gene using Synapsincre , a promoter targeting maturing neurons, and generated Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. Six3syn and Vax1syn females, but not males, had reduced fertility, due to impairment of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge driving ovulation. In nocturnal rodents, the LH surge requires a precise timing signal from the brain's circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), near the time of activity onset. Indeed, both Six3syn and Vax1syn females had impaired rhythmic SCN output, which was associated with weakened Period 2 molecular clock function in both Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. These impairments were associated with a reduction of the SCN neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide in Vax1syn mice and a modest weakening of SCN timekeeping function in both Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. Changes in SCN function were associated with mistimed peak PER2::LUC expression in the SCN and pituitary in both Six3syn and Vax1syn females. Interestingly, Six3syn ovaries presented reduced sensitivity to LH, causing reduced ovulation during superovulation. In conclusion, we have identified novel roles of the homeodomain transcription factors SIX3 and VAX1 in neurons, where they are required for proper molecular circadian clock function, SCN rhythmic output, and female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne M. Hoffmann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jason D. Meadows
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A. Breuer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra M. Yaw
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Duong Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karen J. Tonsfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin Y. Chin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brooke M. Devries
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Crystal Trang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Haley J. Oosterhouse
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Sora Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Doser
- CANR Statistical Consulting Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Michael R. Gorman
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David K. Welsh
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Pamela L. Mellon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Haraguchi A, Sato S, Kusano S, Ito K, Yamazaki T, Ryan C, Sekiguchi M, Shibata S. 4’-demethylnobiletin-rich fermented Citrus reticulata (ponkan) attenuated the disturbance in clock gene expression and locomotor activity rhythms caused by high-fat diet feeding. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1968609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sato
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. Research and Development Center, Marugame, Japan
| | - Kaede Ito
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Conn Ryan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Lin HH, Robertson KL, Bisbee HA, Farkas ME. Oncogenic and Circadian Effects of Small Molecules Directly and Indirectly Targeting the Core Circadian Clock. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420924094. [PMID: 32493076 PMCID: PMC7273620 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420924094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are essential for controlling the cell cycle, cellular
proliferation, and apoptosis, and hence are tightly linked to cell fate. Several
recent studies have used small molecules to affect circadian oscillations;
however, their concomitant cellular effects were not assessed, and they have not
been compared under similar experimental conditions. In this work, we use five
molecules, grouped into direct versus indirect effectors of the circadian clock,
to modulate periods in a human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS) and determine their
influences on cellular behaviors, including motility and colony formation.
Luciferase reporters, whose expression was driven via Bmal1- or
Per2-promoters, were used to facilitate the visualization
and quantitative analysis of circadian oscillations. We show that all molecules
increase or decrease the circadian periods of Bmal1 and
Per2 in a dose-dependent manner, but period length does not
correlate with the extent of cell migration or proliferation. Nonetheless,
molecules that affected circadian oscillations to a greater degree resulted in
substantial influence on cellular behaviors (ie, motility and colony formation),
which may also be attributable to noncircadian targets. Furthermore, we find
that the ability and extent to which the molecules are able to affect
oscillations is independent of whether they are direct or indirect modulators.
Because of the numerous connections and feedback between the circadian clock and
other pathways, it is important to consider the effects of both in assessing
these and other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hsien Lin
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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28
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Ávila-Román J, Soliz-Rueda JR, Bravo FI, Aragonès G, Suárez M, Arola-Arnal A, Mulero M, Salvadó MJ, Arola L, Torres-Fuentes C, Muguerza B. Phenolic compounds and biological rhythms: Who takes the lead? Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Mileykovskaya E, Yoo SH, Dowhan W, Chen Z. Nobiletin: Targeting the Circadian Network to Promote Bioenergetics and Healthy Aging. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:1554-1559. [PMID: 33705293 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792012007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock is the biological mastermind governing orderly execution of bodily processes throughout the day. In recent years, an emerging topic of broad interest is clock-modulatory agents, including small molecules both of synthetic and natural origins, and their potential applications in disease models. Nobiletin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with the greatest abundance found in citrus peels. Extensive research has shown that Nobiletin is endowed with a wide range of biological activities, yet its mechanism of action remains unclear. We recently found through unbiased chemical screening that Nobiletin impinges on the clock machinery to activate temporal control of downstream processes within the cell and throughout the body. Using animal models of diseases and aging, we and others illustrate potent beneficial effects of Nobiletin on cellular energetics in both periphery and brain to promote healthy aging. Given its excellent safety profile, Nobiletin may represent a promising candidate molecule for development of nutraceutical and chronotherapeutic agents against chronic and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mileykovskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030.
| | - S-H Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - W Dowhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030.
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30
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Huang JQ, Lu M, Ho CT. Health benefits of dietary chronobiotics: beyond resynchronizing internal clocks. Food Funct 2021; 12:6136-6156. [PMID: 34057166 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00661d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The internal circadian clock in mammals drives whole-body biological activity rhythms. The clock reflects changes in external signals by controlling enzyme functions and the release of hormones involved in metabolic processes. Thus, misalignments between the circadian clock and an individual's daily schedule are recognized to be related to various metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Although evidence has shown the existence of a complex relationship between circadian clock regulation and daily food intake, the regulatory effects of phytochemicals on the circadian clock remain unclarified. To better elucidate these relationships/effects, the circadian system components in mammals, circadian misalignment-related metabolic diseases, circadian rhythm-adjusting phytochemicals (including the heterocycles, acids, flavonoids and others) and the potential mechanisms (including the regulation of clock genes/proteins, metabolites of gut microbiota and secondary metabolites) are reviewed here. The bioactive components of functional foods discussed in this review could be considered potentially effective factors for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders related to circadian misalignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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31
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Zhang M, Zhu S, Ho CT, Huang Q. Citrus polymethoxyflavones as regulators of metabolic homoeostasis: Recent advances for possible mechanisms. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Ribeiro RFN, Cavadas C, Silva MMC. Small-molecule modulators of the circadian clock: Pharmacological potentials in circadian-related diseases. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1620-1641. [PMID: 33781946 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of circadian oscillations has a wide-ranging impact on health, with the potential to induce the development of clock-related diseases. Small-molecule modulators of the circadian clock (SMMCC) target core or noncore clock proteins, modulating physiological effects as a consequence of agonist, inverse agonist, or antagonist interference. These pharmacological modulators are usually identified using chemical screening of large libraries of active compounds. However, target-based screens, chemical optimization, and circadian crystallography have recently assisted in the identification of these compounds. In this review, we focus on established and novel SMMCCs targeting both core and noncore clock proteins, identifying their circadian targets, detailed circadian effects, and specific physiological effects. In addition, we discuss their therapeutic potential for the treatment of diverse clock-related disorders (such as metabolic-associated disorders, autoimmune diseases, mood disorders, and cancer) and as chronotherapeutics. Future perspectives are also considered, such as clinical trials, and potential safety hazards, including those in the absence of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo F N Ribeiro
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuel C Silva
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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33
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Cheng H, Liu Z, Wu G, Ho CT, Li D, Xie Z. Dietary compounds regulating the mammal peripheral circadian rhythms and modulating metabolic outcomes. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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34
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Ruan W, Yuan X, Eltzschig HK. Circadian rhythm as a therapeutic target. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:287-307. [PMID: 33589815 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock evolved in diverse organisms to integrate external environmental changes and internal physiology. The clock endows the host with temporal precision and robust adaptation to the surrounding environment. When circadian rhythms are perturbed or misaligned, as a result of jet lag, shiftwork or other lifestyle factors, adverse health consequences arise, and the risks of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases or metabolic disorders increase. Although the negative impact of circadian rhythm disruption is now well established, it remains underappreciated how to take advantage of biological timing, or correct it, for health benefits. In this Review, we provide an updated account of the circadian system and highlight several key disease areas with altered circadian signalling. We discuss environmental and lifestyle modifications of circadian rhythm and clock-based therapeutic strategies, including chronotherapy, in which dosing time is deliberately optimized for maximum therapeutic index, and pharmacological agents that target core clock components and proximal regulators. Promising progress in research, disease models and clinical applications should encourage a concerted effort towards a new era of circadian medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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35
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Matsuzaki K, Ohizumi Y. Beneficial Effects of Citrus-Derived Polymethoxylated Flavones for Central Nervous System Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:E145. [PMID: 33406641 PMCID: PMC7824236 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with central nervous system disorders is increasing. Despite diligent laboratory and clinical research over the past 30 years, most pharmacologic options for the prevention and long-term treatment of central nervous system disorders and neurodegenerative disorders have been unsuccessful. Therefore, the development of drugs and/or functional foods to prevent the onset of neurodegenerative disorders is highly expected. Several reports have shown that polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) derived from citrus fruit, such as nobiletin, tangeretin, and 3,3',4',5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone, are promising molecules for the prevention of neurodegenerative and neurological disorders. In various animal models, PMFs have been shown to have a neuroprotective effect and improve cognitive dysfunction with regard to neurological disorders by exerting favorable effects against their pathological features, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and synaptic dysfunction as well as its related mechanisms. In this review, we describe the profitable and ameliorating effects of citrus-derived PMFs on cognitive impairment and neural dysfunction in various rat and murine models or in several models of central nervous system disorders and identify their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Matsuzaki
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimigaoka, Aoba-ku, Sendai 989-3201, Japan
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Suzuki C, Fukumitsu S, Oike H. Modulation of cellular circadian clocks by triterpenoids. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 181:112539. [PMID: 33099224 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many living organisms on earth have clock systems in their body. It has increasingly become clear that a disturbance in the internal clocks has negative effects on our body. Terpenes are organic compounds found in various plants that are reported to have several pharmacological actions. In this study, we focused on commercially available 27 triterpenoids and evaluated their influence on the circadian rhythm of human U2OS cells and mouse NIH3T3 cells. The expression level of Per2, one of the core clock genes, was measured using luminescent reporters over the time period of a few days. We found that 8 triterpenoids reset the phase of the circadian clocks. Representative compounds were corosolic acid, cucurbitacin B, and celastrol; similar effects were also confirmed with some structural analogues of cucurbitacin B and celastrol. These compounds shifted the phase bilaterally depending on the stimulus timing and also acted as synchronizers in desynchronized cells. The effective concentrations of cucurbitacin B and celastrol were less than 0.5 μM. In addition, cucurbitacin B and celastrol were also found to be effective in tissue explants in mice. Furthermore, celastrol dose-dependently shortened the period length of NIH3T3 cells. Some of these compounds are found in edible and medicinal plants and may help regulate our circadian clocks in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Suzuki
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukumitsu
- Food Innovation Course, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hideaki Oike
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan; Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8517, Japan.
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The circadian machinery links metabolic disorders and depression: A review of pathways, proteins and potential pharmacological interventions. Life Sci 2020; 265:118809. [PMID: 33249097 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are responsible for regulating a number of physiological processes. The central oscillator is located within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and the SCN synchronises the circadian clocks that are found in our peripheral organs through neural and humoral signalling. At the molecular level, biological clocks consist of transcription-translation feedback loops (TTFLs) and these pathways are influenced by transcription factors, post-translational modifications, signalling pathways and epigenetic modifiers. When disruptions occur in the circadian machinery, the activities of the proteins implicated in this network and the expression of core clock or clock-controlled genes (CCGs) can be altered. Circadian misalignment can also arise when there is desychronisation between our internal clocks and environmental stimuli. There is evidence in the literature demonstrating that disturbances in the circadian rhythm contribute to the pathophysiology of several diseases and disorders. This includes the metabolic syndrome and recently, it has been suggested that the 'circadian syndrome' may be a more appropriate term to use to not only describe the cardio-metabolic risk factors but also the associated comorbidities. Here we overview the molecular architecture of circadian clocks in mammals and provide insight into the effects of shift work, exposure to artificial light, food intake and stress on the circadian rhythm. The relationship between circadian rhythms, metabolic disorders and depression is reviewed and this is a topic that requires further investigation. We also describe how particular proteins involved in the TTFLs can be potentially modulated by small molecules, including pharmacological interventions and dietary compounds.
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Lellupitiyage Don SS, Robertson KL, Lin HH, Labriola C, Harrington ME, Taylor SR, Farkas ME. Nobiletin affects circadian rhythms and oncogenic characteristics in a cell-dependent manner. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236315. [PMID: 32706791 PMCID: PMC7380617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural product nobiletin is a small molecule, widely studied with regard to its therapeutic effects, including in cancer cell lines and tumors. Recently, nobiletin has also been shown to affect circadian rhythms via their enhancement, resulting in protection against metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that nobiletin's anti-oncogenic effects, such as prevention of cell migration and formation of anchorage independent colonies, are correspondingly accompanied by modulation of circadian rhythms. Concurrently, we wished to determine whether the circadian and anti-oncogenic effects of nobiletin differed across cancer cell lines. In this study, we assessed nobiletin's circadian and therapeutic characteristics to ascertain whether these effects depend on cell line, which here also varied in terms of baseline circadian rhythmicity. Three cell culture models where nobiletin's effects on cell proliferation and migration have been studied previously were evaluated: U2OS (bone osteosarcoma), which possesses robust circadian rhythms; MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma), which has weak circadian rhythms; and MDA-MB-231 (breast adenocarcinoma), which is arrhythmic. We found that circadian, migration, and proliferative effects following nobiletin treatment were subtle in the U2OS and MCF7 cells. On the other hand, changes were clear in MDA-MB-231s, where nobiletin rescued rhythmicity and substantially reduced oncogenic features, specifically two-dimensional cell motility and anchorage-independent growth. Based on these results and those previously described, we posit that the effects of nobiletin are indeed cell-type dependent, and that a positive correlation may exist between nobiletin's circadian and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly L. Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Hui-Hsien Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Caroline Labriola
- Department of Psychology, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Harrington
- Department of Psychology, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States of America
| | - Stephanie R. Taylor
- Department of Computer Science, Colby College, Waterville, ME, United States of America
| | - Michelle E. Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
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Lin C, Tu C, Ma Y, Ye P, Shao X, Yang Z, Fang Y. Nobiletin inhibits cell growth through restraining aerobic glycolysis via PKA-CREB pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:3515-3524. [PMID: 32724614 PMCID: PMC7382131 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Nobiletin is a polymethoxylated flavone enriched in Citrus and is used as an important drug in traditional Chinese medicine for various kinds of diseases. Among its multiple functions, it has shown that nobiletin inhibits proliferation of various cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether nobiletin inhibits the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We explored the antitumor effects of nobiletin in TCA-8113 and CAL-27 oral squamous cells. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay was used to measure cell vitality. Flow cytometry was performed to measure the number of cells in the various phases of the cell cycle. PCR and Western blot were applied to determine mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS Nobiletin inhibited proliferation of TCA-8113 and CAL-27 cells via inducing cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. In addition, the levels of phosphorylated-PKA and phosphorylated-CREB were reduced in nobiletin-treated TCA-8113 and CAL-27 cells. Importantly, our results showed that nobiletin treatment resulted in impaired mitochondrial function and altered glucose consumption, and pyruvate and lactate production. Lastly, nobiletin was found to inhibit the generation of xenografts in vivo. Interestingly, administration of 50 μmol/L Sp-cAMP, a potent PKA activator, rescued all phenotypes caused by nobiletin. CONCLUSIONS Nobiletin inhibits OSCC cell proliferation in a mitochondria-dependent manner, indicating that it may have a promising role in cancer treatment and attenuation of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong‐Xiang Lin
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Cheng‐Wei Tu
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Ke Ma
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Peng‐Cheng Ye
- School and Hospital of StomatologyWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Xia Shao
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhao‐An Yang
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Ming Fang
- Department of StomatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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Cardiolipin Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle Is Rhythmic and Modifiable by Age and Diet. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5304768. [PMID: 32617138 PMCID: PMC7313160 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5304768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks regulate metabolic processes in a tissue-specific manner, which deteriorates during aging. Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic organ in our body, and our previous studies highlight a key role of circadian regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondria in healthy aging. However, a possible circadian regulation of cardiolipin (CL), the signature lipid class in the mitochondrial inner membrane, remains largely unclear. Here, we show that CL levels oscillate during the diurnal cycle in C2C12 myotubes. Disruption of the Ror genes, encoding the ROR nuclear receptors in the secondary loop of the circadian oscillator, in C2C12 cells was found to dampen core circadian gene expression. Importantly, several genes involved in CL synthesis, including Taz and Ptpmt1, displayed rhythmic expression which was disrupted or diminished in Ror-deficient C2C12 cells. In vivo studies using skeletal muscle tissues collected from young and aged mice showed diverse effects of the clock and aging on the oscillatory expression of CL genes, and CL levels in skeletal muscle were enhanced in aged mice relative to young mice. Finally, consistent with a regulatory role of RORs, Nobiletin, a natural agonist of RORs, was found to partially restore transcripts levels of CL synthesis genes in aged muscle under a dietary challenge condition. Together, these observations highlight a rhythmic CL synthesis in skeletal muscle that is dependent on RORs and modifiable by age and diet.
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Yoshida I, Kumagai M, Ide M, Horigome S, Takahashi Y, Mishima T, Fujita K, Igarashi T. Polymethoxyflavones in black ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) regulate the expression of circadian clock genes. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Kitakaze T, Makiyama A, Yamashita Y, Ashida H. Low dose of luteolin activates Nrf2 in the liver of mice at start of the active phase but not that of the inactive phase. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231403. [PMID: 32271832 PMCID: PMC7144991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A flavone luteolin has various health-promoting activities. Several studies reported that high dose of luteolin activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway in the liver. However, the effect of the low dose of luteolin that can be taken from a dietary meal on the Nrf2 activation remain unclear. It is expected that the flavonoid metabolism possesses a circadian rhythm, since nutritional metabolism processes daily cycle. In this study we investigated whether an administration affects the Nrf2 activation. ICR mice were orally administered 0.01–10 mg/kg body weight of luteolin once a day for 7 days at two time-points: at the start of active phase (ZT12) or at that of inactive phase (ZT0). Luteolin increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, resulting in the increases in its target gene products HO-1 and NQO1 at ZT12 but not at ZT0. The expression level of Nrf2 was lower at ZT12 than at ZT0 in the liver. We also found that the level of luteolin aglycon in the plasma is higher at ZT12 than at ZT0. These results suggest that the low dose of luteolin can activate Nrf2 pathway and the aglycon form of luteolin may mainly contribute to activate the Nrf2 pathway at ZT12 in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kitakaze
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Makiyama
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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43
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De Nobrega AK, Luz KV, Lyons LC. Resetting the Aging Clock: Implications for Managing Age-Related Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1260:193-265. [PMID: 32304036 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, individuals are living longer due to medical and scientific advances, increased availability of medical care and changes in public health policies. Consequently, increasing attention has been focused on managing chronic conditions and age-related diseases to ensure healthy aging. The endogenous circadian system regulates molecular, physiological and behavioral rhythms orchestrating functional coordination and processes across tissues and organs. Circadian disruption or desynchronization of circadian oscillators increases disease risk and appears to accelerate aging. Reciprocally, aging weakens circadian function aggravating age-related diseases and pathologies. In this review, we summarize the molecular composition and structural organization of the circadian system in mammals and humans, and evaluate the technological and societal factors contributing to the increasing incidence of circadian disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the adverse effects of circadian dysfunction on aging and longevity and the bidirectional interactions through which aging affects circadian function using examples from mammalian research models and humans. Additionally, we review promising methods for managing healthy aging through behavioral and pharmacological reinforcement of the circadian system. Understanding age-related changes in the circadian clock and minimizing circadian dysfunction may be crucial components to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza K De Nobrega
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kristine V Luz
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Lisa C Lyons
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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45
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Tateishi N, Morita S, Yamazaki I, Okumura H, Kominami M, Akazawa S, Funaki A, Tomimori N, Rogi T, Shibata H, Shibata S. Administration timing and duration-dependent effects of sesamin isomers on lipid metabolism in rats. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:493-509. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1700998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Tateishi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Izumi Yamazaki
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okumura
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaru Kominami
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sota Akazawa
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayuta Funaki
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Namino Tomimori
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Molecular mechanisms and physiological importance of circadian rhythms. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 21:67-84. [PMID: 31768006 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To accommodate daily recurring environmental changes, animals show cyclic variations in behaviour and physiology, which include prominent behavioural states such as sleep-wake cycles but also a host of less conspicuous oscillations in neurological, metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular and immune functions. Circadian rhythmicity is created endogenously by genetically encoded molecular clocks, whose components cooperate to generate cyclic changes in their own abundance and activity, with a periodicity of about a day. Throughout the body, such molecular clocks convey temporal control to the function of organs and tissues by regulating pertinent downstream programmes. Synchrony between the different circadian oscillators and resonance with the solar day is largely enabled by a neural pacemaker, which is directly responsive to certain environmental cues and able to transmit internal time-of-day representations to the entire body. In this Review, we discuss aspects of the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster and mammals, including the components of these molecular oscillators, the function and mechanisms of action of central and peripheral clocks, their synchronization and their relevance to human health.
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47
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Nohara K, Nemkov T, D'Alessandro A, Yoo SH, Chen Z. Coordinate Regulation of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism by the Clock Modifier Nobiletin in Metabolically Challenged Old Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174281. [PMID: 31480535 PMCID: PMC6747250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol and bile acid (BA) homeostasis plays a central role in systemic metabolism. Accumulating evidence suggests a key regulatory function of the circadian clock, our biological timer, in lipid metabolism, particularly cholesterol and bile acid flux. Previously, we showed that Nobiletin (NOB), a natural compound targeting the ROR (Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor) nuclear receptors in the circadian oscillator, strongly protects lipid homeostasis, including normal serum cholesterol levels in high-fat (HF) fed mice at both young and old ages. In this study, we further examined the role of NOB in cholesterol metabolism in HF-fed aged mice, and found that NOB lowered the serum LDL/VLDL cholesterol levels and consequently the LDL/HDL ratio. BA levels in the serum were markedly reduced in the HF.NOB group, and examination of additional hepatic markers further indicate a protective role of NOB in the liver. At the molecular level, whereas HF feeding downregulated hepatic expression of several ROR target genes involved in bile acid synthesis, NOB treatment (HF.NOB) was able to rescue it. In accordance, fecal BA excretion was enhanced by NOB, and microbial 16S sequencing revealed alteration of several taxa known to be involved in secondary BA production in the gut. Together, these results demonstrate concerted effects of the clock-modulating compound NOB in cholesterol and BA metabolism, suggesting pharmacological manipulation of the clock as a novel therapeutic strategy against metabolic disorders and age-related decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Nohara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Bae SA, Fang MZ, Rustgi V, Zarbl H, Androulakis IP. At the Interface of Lifestyle, Behavior, and Circadian Rhythms: Metabolic Implications. Front Nutr 2019; 6:132. [PMID: 31555652 PMCID: PMC6722208 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient metabolism is under circadian regulation. Disruption of circadian rhythms by lifestyle and behavioral choices such as work schedules, eating patterns, and social jetlag, seriously impacts metabolic homeostasis. Metabolic dysfunction due to chronic misalignment of an organism's endogenous rhythms is detrimental to health, increasing the risk of obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. In this paper, we review literature on recent findings on the mechanisms that communicate metabolic signals to circadian clocks and vice versa, and how human behavioral changes imposed by societal and occupational demands affect the physiological networks integrating peripheral clocks and metabolism. Finally, we discuss factors possibly contributing to inter-individual variability in response to circadian changes in the context of metabolic (dys)function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-A Bae
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ming Zhu Fang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Vinod Rustgi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Helmut Zarbl
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ioannis P Androulakis
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Nobiletin fortifies mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle to promote healthy aging against metabolic challenge. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3923. [PMID: 31462679 PMCID: PMC6713763 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian disruption aggravates age-related decline and mortality. However, it remains unclear whether circadian enhancement can retard aging in mammals. We previously reported that the small molecule Nobiletin (NOB) activates ROR (retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor) nuclear receptors to potentiate circadian oscillation and protect against metabolic dysfunctions. Here we show that NOB significantly improves metabolic fitness in naturally aged mice fed with a regular diet (RD). Furthermore, NOB enhances healthy aging in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HF). In HF skeletal muscle, the NOB-ROR axis broadly activates genes for mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (MRCs) and fortifies MRC activity and architecture, including Complex II activation and supercomplex formation. These mechanisms coordinately lead to a dichotomous mitochondrial optimization, namely increased ATP production and reduced ROS levels. Together, our study illustrates a focal mechanism by a clock-targeting pharmacological agent to optimize skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and promote healthy aging in metabolically stressed mammals. The small molecule Nobiletin enhances circadian rhythms and protects against obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction in mice. Here the authors test its effect on health and lifespan, reporting that circadian enhancement promotes fitness and healthy aging in metabolically challenged mice.
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Bridging the Reciprocal Gap between Sleep and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: A Review of the Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, Implications, and Directions for Future Work. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061382. [PMID: 31248175 PMCID: PMC6627504 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial burden of disease and mortality globally is attributable to both sleep disruption and low intakes of fruit and vegetable (FV) and there is increasing mechanistic and epidemiological evidence to support a reciprocal relationship between the two. This review provides an overview of experimental and observational studies assessing the relations between sleep and FV consumption from 52 human adult studies. Experimental studies are currently limited and show inconsistent results. Observational studies support a non-linear association with adults sleeping the recommended 7–9 hours/day having the highest intakes of FV. The potential mechanisms linking sleep and FV consumption are highlighted. Disrupted sleep influences FV consumption through homeostatic and non-homeostatic mechanisms. Conversely, FV consumption may influence sleep through polyphenol content via several potential pathways. Few human experimental studies have examined the effects of FV items and their polyphenols on sleep and there is a need for more studies to address this. An appreciation of the relationship between sleep and FV consumption may help optimize sleep and FV consumption and may reduce the burden of chronic diseases. This review provides implications for public health and directions for future work.
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