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Zhang W, Zhuang X, Wu C, Jin Y, Xing J, Hou M, Yang W, Feng Q, Wang H. Apigenin inhibits tumor angiogenesis by hindering microvesicle biogenesis via ARHGEF1. Cancer Lett 2024; 596:216961. [PMID: 38823764 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are essential for intercellular communication and are involved in tumor progression. Inhibiting the direct release of extracellular vesicles seems to be an effective strategy in inhibiting tumor progression, but lacks of investigation. Here, we report a natural flavonoid compound, apigenin, could significantly inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by preventing microvesicle secretion. Mechanistically, apigenin primarily targets the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF1, inhibiting the activity of small G protein Cdc42, which is essential in regulating the release of microvesicles from tumor cells. In turn, this inhibits tumor angiogenesis related to VEGF90K transported on microvesicles, ultimately impeding tumor progression. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of apigenin and shed light on its anticancer mechanisms through inhibiting microvesicle biogenesis, providing a solid foundation for the refinement and practical application of apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - XiangJin Zhuang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Chenlong Wu
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yong Jin
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jiayu Xing
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Mei Hou
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China; Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China; Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Gong YT, Zhang LJ, Liu YC, Tang M, Lin JY, Chen XY, Chen YX, Yan Y, Zhang WD, Jin JM, Luan X. Neutrophils as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106996. [PMID: 37972723 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the foremost cause of cancer mortality globally, with neutrophils playing a critical role in its pathogenesis. As an essential tumor microenvironment (TME) component, neutrophils are emerging as pivotal factors in BC progression. Growing evidence has proved that neutrophils play a Janus- role in BC by polarizing into the anti-tumor (N1) or pro-tumor (N2) phenotype. Clinical trials are evaluating neutrophil-targeted therapies, including Reparixin (NCT02370238) and Tigatuzumab (NCT01307891); however, their clinical efficacy remains suboptimal. This review summarizes the evidence regarding the close relationship between neutrophils and BC, emphasizing the critical roles of neutrophils in regulating metabolic and immune pathways. Additionally, we summarize the existing therapeutic approaches that target neutrophils, highlighting the challenges, and affirming the rationale for continuing to explore neutrophils as a viable therapeutic target in BC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Gong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Chen Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Yi Lin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin-Yi Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Xu Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jin-Mei Jin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Zhang W, Wang J, Liu C, Li Y, Sun C, Wu J, Wu Q. Crosstalk and plasticity driving between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor microenvironment: significance of breast cancer metastasis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:827. [PMID: 37978384 PMCID: PMC10657029 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cell population in breast tumors. A functionally diverse population of CAFs increases the dynamic complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The intertwined network of the TME facilitates the interaction between activated CAFs and breast cancer cells, which can lead to the proliferation and invasion of breast cells. Considering the special transmission function of CAFs, the aim of this review is to summarize and highlight the crosstalk between CAFs and breast cancer cells in the TME as well as the relationship between CAFs and extracellular matrix (ECM), soluble cytokines, and other stromal cells in the metastatic state. The crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor microenvironment also provides a plastic therapeutic target for breast cancer metastasis. In the course of the study, the inhibitory effects of different natural compounds on targeting CAFs and the advantages of different drug combinations were summarized. CAFs are also widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. The cumulative research on this phenomenon supports the establishment of a targeted immune microenvironment as a possible breakthrough in the prevention of invasive metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China.
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261000, China.
| | - Jibiao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Qibiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.
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Farghadani R, Naidu R. The anticancer mechanism of action of selected polyphenols in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115170. [PMID: 37481930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leadingcause of cancer-related deaths in women globally, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being an aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies and is associated with a poor prognosis. Polyphenols, naturally occurring compounds in plants, have been investigated as a potential therapeutic strategy for TNBC. This review provides an overview of the anticancer effects of polyphenols in TNBC and their mechanisms of action. Several polyphenols, including resveratrol, quercetin, kaempferol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, apigenin, fisetin, hesperetin and luteolin, have been shown to inhibit TNBC cell proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest, promote apoptosis, and suppress migration/invasion in preclinical models. The molecular mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects involve the modulation of several signalling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK, STATT, and NF-κB pathways. Polyphenols also exhibit synergistic effects with chemotherapy drugs, making them promising candidates for combination therapy. The review also highlights clinical trials investigating the potential use of polyphenols, individually or in combination therapy, against breast cancer. This review deepens the under-standing of the mechanism of action of respective polyphenols and provides valuable insights into the potential use of polyphenols as a therapeutic strategy for TNBC, and lays the groundwork for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
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Yoshimura T, Li C, Wang Y, Matsukawa A. The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis. Cell Mol Immunol 2023:10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0. [PMID: 37208442 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) was isolated from the culture supernatants of not only mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes but also malignant glioma cells based on its in vitro chemotactic activity toward human monocytes. MCP-1 was subsequently found to be identical to a previously described tumor cell-derived chemotactic factor thought to be responsible for the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and it became a candidate target of clinical intervention; however, the role of TAMs in cancer development was still controversial at the time of the discovery of MCP-1. The in vivo role of MCP-1 in cancer progression was first evaluated by examining human cancer tissues, including breast cancers. Positive correlations between the level of MCP-1 production in tumors and the degree of TAM infiltration and cancer progression were established. The contribution of MCP-1 to the growth of primary tumors and metastasis to the lung, bone, and brain was examined in mouse breast cancer models. The results of these studies strongly suggested that MCP-1 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis to the lung and brain but not bone. Potential mechanisms of MCP-1 production in the breast cancer microenvironment have also been reported. In the present manuscript, we review studies in which the role of MCP-1 in breast cancer development and progression and the mechanisms of its production were examined and attempt to draw a consensus and discuss the potential use of MCP-1 as a biomarker for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Chunning Li
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuze Wang
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Yang C, Li D, Ko CN, Wang K, Wang H. Active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine for enhancing the effect of tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133050. [PMID: 36969211 PMCID: PMC10036358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that uses our own immune system to fight cancer. Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has antitumor activity and can enhance host immunity. This article briefly describes the immunomodulatory and escape mechanisms in tumors, as well as highlights and summarizes the antitumor immunomodulatory activities of some representative active ingredients of TCM. Finally, this article puts forward some opinions on the future research and clinical application of TCM, aiming to promote the clinical applications of TCM in tumor immunotherapy and to provide new ideas for the research of tumor immunotherapy using TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chung-Nga Ko
- C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, Hong Kong International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Chung-Nga Ko, ; Kai Wang, ; Haiyong Wang,
| | - Kai Wang
- Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chung-Nga Ko, ; Kai Wang, ; Haiyong Wang,
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chung-Nga Ko, ; Kai Wang, ; Haiyong Wang,
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Hasan MR, Alotaibi BS, Althafar ZM, Mujamammi AH, Jameela J. An Update on the Therapeutic Anticancer Potential of Ocimum sanctum L.: "Elixir of Life". Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031193. [PMID: 36770859 PMCID: PMC9919305 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In most cases, cancer develops due to abnormal cell growth and subsequent tumour formation. Due to significant constraints with current treatments, natural compounds are being explored as potential alternatives. There are now around 30 natural compounds under clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Tulsi, or Holy Basil, of the genus Ocimum, is one of the most widely available and cost-effective medicinal plants. In India, the tulsi plant has deep religious and medicinal significance. Tulsi essential oil contains a valuable source of bioactive compounds, such as camphor, eucalyptol, eugenol, alpha-bisabolene, beta-bisabolene, and beta-caryophyllene. These compounds are proposed to be responsible for the antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts. The anticancer effects of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) have earned it the title of "queen of herbs" and "Elixir of Life" in Ayurvedic treatment. Tulsi leaves, which have high concentrations of eugenol, have been shown to have anticancer properties. In a various cancers, eugenol exerts its antitumour effects through a number of different mechanisms. In light of this, the current review focuses on the anticancer benefits of tulsi and its primary phytoconstituent, eugenol, as apotential therapeutic agent against a wide range of cancer types. In recent years, tulsi has gained popularity due to its anticancer properties. In ongoing clinical trials, a number of tulsi plant compounds are being evaluated for their potential anticancer effects. This article discusses anticancer, chemopreventive, and antioxidant effects of tulsi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raghibul Hasan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-56-241-6571
| | - Bader Saud Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Mohammed Althafar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hussain Mujamammi
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar Jameela
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
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Moslehi M, Rezaei S, Talebzadeh P, Ansari MJ, Jawad MA, Jalil AT, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Jafarzadeh E, Taeb S, Najafi M. Apigenin in cancer therapy: Prevention of genomic instability and anticancer mechanisms. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:3-18. [PMID: 36111951 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer has been growing worldwide. Better survival rates following the administration of novel drugs and new combination therapies may concomitantly cause concern regarding the long-term adverse effects of cancer therapy, for example, second primary malignancies. Moreover, overcoming tumour resistance to anticancer agents has been long considered as a critical challenge in cancer research. Some low toxic adjuvants such as herb-derived molecules may be of interest for chemoprevention and overcoming the resistance of malignancies to cancer therapy. Apigenin is a plant-derived molecule with attractive properties for chemoprevention, for instance, promising anti-tumour effects, which may make it a desirable adjuvant to reduce genomic instability and the risks of second malignancies among normal tissues. Moreover, it may improve the efficiency of anticancer modalities. This paper aims to review various effects of apigenin in both normal tissues and malignancies. In addition, we explain how apigenin may have the ability to protect usual cells against the genotoxic repercussions following radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of apigenin on tumours will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Moslehi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pourya Talebzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tehran Medical Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Nima Rastegar-Pouyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Jafarzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Dietary Flavones: Tapping into Nature to Control Chronic Inflammation in Obesity and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415753. [PMID: 36555392 PMCID: PMC9779861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavones are natural phytochemicals broadly distributed in our diet. Their anti-inflammatory properties provide unique opportunities to control the innate immune system and inflammation. Here, we review the role of flavones in chronic inflammation with an emphasis on their impact on the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases including obesity and cancer. Flavones can influence the innate immune cell repertoire restoring the immune landscape. Flavones impinge on NF-κB, STAT, COX-2, or NLRP3 inflammasome pathways reestablishing immune homeostasis. Devoid of adverse side effects, flavones could present alternative opportunities for the treatment and prevention of chronic inflammation that contributes to obesity and cancer.
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Ferreira KCB, Valle ABCDS, Gualberto ACM, Aleixo DT, Silva LM, Santos MM, Costa DDS, Oliveira LL, Gameiro J, Tavares GD, da Silva Filho AA, Corrêa JODA, Pittella F. Kaurenoic acid nanocarriers regulates cytokine production and inhibit breast cancer cell migration. J Control Release 2022; 352:712-725. [PMID: 36374787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence in women around the world. Noteworthy, the triple-negative subtype affects 20% of the patients while presenting the highest death rate among subtypes. This is due to its aggressive phenotype and the capability of invading other tissues. In general, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and other immune cells, are responsible for maintaining a favorable tumor microenvironment for inflammation and metastasis by secreting several mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, chemokines like CCL2, and other proteins, as metalloproteinases of matrix (MMP). On the other hand, immunomodulatory agents can interfere in the immune response of TAM and change the disease prognosis. In this work, we prepared nanostructured lipid carriers containing kaurenoic acid (NLC-KA) to evaluate the effect on cytokine production in vitro of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and the migratory process of 4 T1 breast cancer cells. NLC-KA prepared from a blend of natural lipids was shown to have approximately 90 nm in diameter with low polydispersity index. To test the effect on cytokine production in vitro in NLC-KA treated BMDM, ELISA assay was performed and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified. The formulation reduced the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines while presenting no hemolytic activity. Noteworthy, an anti-migratory effect in 4 T1 breast cancer cells treated with NLC-KA was observed in scratch assays. Further, MMP9 and CCL2 gene expressions in both BMDM and 4 T1 treated cells confirmed that the mechanism of inhibition of migration is related to the blockade of this pathway by KA. Finally, cell invasion assays confirmed that NLC-KA treatment resulted in less invasiveness of 4 T1 cells than control, and it is independent of CCL2 stimulus or BMDM direct stimulus. Ultimately, NLC-KA was able to regulate the cytokine production in vitro and reduce the migration of 4 T1 breast cancer cells by decreasing MMP9 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kézia Cristine Barbosa Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cristina Moura Gualberto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Davi Trombini Aleixo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia Mara Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milena Maciel Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Souza Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ludmilla Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacy Gameiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Diniz Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ademar Alves da Silva Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Otávio do Amaral Corrêa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frederico Pittella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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11
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The Potential Role of Apigenin in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186051. [PMID: 36144783 PMCID: PMC9505045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. In spite of advances in the treatment of cancer, currently used treatment modules including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy and targeted therapy causes adverse effects and kills the normal cells. Therefore, the goal of more effective and less side effects-based cancer treatment approaches is still at the primary position of present research. Medicinal plants or their bioactive ingredients act as dynamic sources of drugs due to their having less side effects and also shows the role in reduction of resistance against cancer therapy. Apigenin is an edible plant-derived flavonoid that has received significant scientific consideration for its health-promoting potential through modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress and various other biological activities. Moreover, the anti-cancer potential of apigenin is confirmed through its ability to modulate various cell signalling pathways, including tumor suppressor genes, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle, inflammation, apoptosis, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, MAPK/ERK and STAT3 pathways. The current review mainly emphases the potential role of apigenin in different types of cancer through the modulation of various cell signaling pathways. Further studies based on clinical trials are needed to explore the role of apigenin in cancer management and explain the possible potential mechanisms of action in this vista.
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12
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Li Z, Wang Y, Ganan-Gomez I, Colla S, Do KA. A machine learning-based method for automatically identifying novel cells in annotating single-cell RNA-seq data. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:4885-4892. [PMID: 36083008 PMCID: PMC9801963 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely used to decompose complex tissues into functionally distinct cell types. The first and usually the most important step of scRNA-seq data analysis is to accurately annotate the cell labels. In recent years, many supervised annotation methods have been developed and shown to be more convenient and accurate than unsupervised cell clustering. One challenge faced by all the supervised annotation methods is the identification of the novel cell type, which is defined as the cell type that is not present in the training data, only exists in the testing data. Existing methods usually label the cells simply based on the correlation coefficients or confidence scores, which sometimes results in an excessive number of unlabeled cells. RESULTS We developed a straightforward yet effective method combining autoencoder with iterative feature selection to automatically identify novel cells from scRNA-seq data. Our method trains an autoencoder with the labeled training data and applies the autoencoder to the testing data to obtain reconstruction errors. By iteratively selecting features that demonstrate a bi-modal pattern and reclustering the cells using the selected feature, our method can accurately identify novel cells that are not present in the training data. We further combined this approach with a support vector machine to provide a complete solution for annotating the full range of cell types. Extensive numerical experiments using five real scRNA-seq datasets demonstrated favorable performance of the proposed method over existing methods serving similar purposes. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Our R software package CAMLU is publicly available through the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7054422) or GitHub repository (https://github.com/ziyili20/CAMLU). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Irene Ganan-Gomez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Simona Colla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
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13
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Flavonoids regulate tumor-associated macrophages - From structure-activity relationship to clinical potential (Review). Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106419. [PMID: 36041653 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the strategy for tumor therapy has changed from focusing on the direct killing effect of different types of therapeutic agents on cancer cells to the new mainstream of multi-mode and -pathway combined interventions in the microenvironment of the developing tumor. Flavonoids, with unique tricyclic structures, have diverse and extensive immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immunosuppressive cells in the TME. The regulation of macrophages to fight cancer is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. This study covers the most comprehensive cognition of flavonoids in regulating TAMs so far. Far more than a simple list of studies, we try to dig out evidence of crosstalk at the molecular level between flavonoids and TAMs from literature, in order to discuss the most relevant chemical structure and its possible relationship with the multimodal pharmacological activity, as well as systematically build a structure-activity relationship between flavonoids and TAMs. Additionally, we point out the advantages of the macro-control of flavonoids in the TME and discuss the potential clinical implications as well as areas for future research of flavonoids in regulating TAMs. These results will provide hopeful directions for the research of antitumor drugs, while providing new ideas for the pharmaceutical industry to develop more effective forms of flavonoids.
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14
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Nipun VB, Amin KA. Recent Advances in Protein Kinase CK2, a Potential Therapeutic Target in Cancer. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022; 48:919-931. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. B. Nipun
- Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical Collage, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, PR China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal university, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - K. A. Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal university, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal university, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Messeha SS, Zarmouh NO, Antonie L, Soliman KFA. Sanguinarine Inhibition of TNF-α-Induced CCL2, IKBKE/NF-κB/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway, and Cell Migration in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158329. [PMID: 35955463 PMCID: PMC9368383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a process that drives breast cancer (BC) progression and metastasis, which is linked to the altered inflammatory process, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In targeting inflammatory angiogenesis, natural compounds are a promising option for managing BC. Thus, this study was designed to determine the natural alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG) potential for its antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The cytotoxic effect of SANG was examined in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell models at a low molecular level. In this study, SANG remarkably inhibited the inflammatory mediator chemokine CCL2 in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Furthermore, qRT-PCR confirmed with Western analysis studies showed that mRNA CCL2 repression was concurrent with reducing its main regulator IKBKE and NF-κB signaling pathway proteins in both TNBC cell lines. The total ERK1/2 protein was inhibited in the more responsive MDA-MB-231 cells. SANG exhibited a higher potential to inhibit cell migration in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MDA-MB-468 cells. Data obtained in this study suggest a unique antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effect of SANG in the MDA-MB-231 cell model. These effects are related to the compound’s ability to inhibit the angiogenic CCL2 and impact the ERK1/2 pathway. Therefore, SANG use may be recommended as a component of the therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S. Messeha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.S.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Najla O. Zarmouh
- Faculty of Medical Technology-Misrata, Libyan Ministry of Technical & Vocational Education, Misrata LY72, Libya;
| | - Lovely Antonie
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.S.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.S.M.); (L.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +1-850-599-3306
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16
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Adel M, Zahmatkeshan M, Akbarzadeh A, Rabiee N, Ahmadi S, Keyhanvar P, Rezayat SM, Seifalian AM. Chemotherapeutic effects of Apigenin in breast cancer: Preclinical evidence and molecular mechanisms; enhanced bioavailability by nanoparticles. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 34:e00730. [PMID: 35686000 PMCID: PMC9171451 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Malla R, Padmaraju V, Kundrapu DB. Tumor-associated macrophages: Potential target of natural compounds for management of breast cancer. Life Sci 2022; 301:120572. [PMID: 35489567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A large body of experimental research reveals that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major immunosuppressor cells in the breast tumor microenvironment (TME). The infiltration of macrophages is correlated with inverse outcomes like disease-free survival and overall survival of cancer patients. They are responsible for heterogeneity, metastasis, and drug resistance. Further, their density in tumor beds is correlated with stage and therapy response. The current review is aimed at summarizing mechanisms and signaling pathways that modulate immune-suppressive phenotype and expansion of TAMs. The review presents an overview of the interdependence of tumor cells and TAMs in TME to promote metastasis, drug resistance and immune suppressive phenotype. This review also presents the potential natural compounds that modulate the immune-suppressive functions of TAMs and their signaling pathways. Finally, this review provides nanotechnology approaches for the targeted delivery of natural products. This review shed light on BC management including clinical studies on the prognostic relevance of TAMs and natural compounds that sensitizes BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Dept. of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 531001, Andhra Pradesh, India; Dept of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 531001, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Vasudevaraju Padmaraju
- Dept of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 531001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Durga Bhavani Kundrapu
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Dept. of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 531001, Andhra Pradesh, India; Dept of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 531001, Andhra Pradesh, India
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18
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Ren Y, Chen Z, Sun J, Cai Y, Chen Z, Chen X, Wu W. The correlation between infiltration of FoxP3 + Tregs, CD66b + TANs and CD163 + TAMs in colorectal cancer. Cent Eur J Immunol 2022; 47:1-7. [PMID: 35600158 PMCID: PMC9115591 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2022.114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The infiltration of immune cells in tumor tissue is affected by the tumor microenvironment. However, the relationship between the infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Material and methods Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the infiltration of FoxP3+ Tregs, CD66b+ TANs and CD163+ TAMs in 249 CRC samples (training cohort) and 243 CRC samples (validation cohort). The relationship between two cells was evaluated by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and comparison between two groups was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results The continuous variable positive cell numbers were non-normally distributed. Spearman correlation analysis showed that CD66b+ TAN level in cancer tissues was negatively related to FoxP3+ Treg level (correlation coefficient: -0.495, p < 0.05) and CD163+ TAM level (correlation coefficient: -0.266, p < 0.05), and FoxP3+ Treg level was positively related to CD163+ TAM level (correlation coefficient: 0.467, p < 0.05) in the training cohort. The numbers of FoxP3+ Tregs were significantly different between low and high CD66b+ TAN level groups (p < 0.001), as well as that of CD66b+ TANs in low and high CD163+ TAM level groups and CD163+ TAMs in different FoxP3+ Treg level groups. The results of the validation cohort were similar to those of the training cohort. Conclusions There is a negative correlation between infiltration of CD66b+ TANs and that of FoxP3+ Tregs or CD163+ TAMs, and a positive correlation between infiltration of FoxP3+ Tregs and CD163+ TAMs in CRC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiancheng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiqi Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhejing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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19
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Abou Baker DH. An ethnopharmacological review on the therapeutical properties of flavonoids and their mechanisms of actions: A comprehensive review based on up to date knowledge. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:445-469. [PMID: 35340621 PMCID: PMC8943219 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids -a class of low molecular weight secondary metabolites- are ubiquitous and cornucopia throughout the plant kingdom. Structurally, the main structure consists of C6-C3-C6 rings with different substitution patterns so that many sub-classes are obtained, for example: flavonols, flavonolignans, flavonoid glycosides, flavans, anthocyanidins, aurones, anthocyanidins, flavones, neoflavonoids, chalcones, isoflavones, flavones and flavanones. Flavonoids are evaluated to have drug like nature since they possess different therapeutic activities, and can act as cardioprotective, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and also work against Alzheimer's disease and others. However, information on the relationship between their structure and biological activity is scarce. Therefore, the present review tries to summarize all the therapeutic activities of flavonoids, their mechanisms of action and the structure activity relationship. Latest updated ethnopharmacological review of the therapeutic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are attracting attention because of their therapeutic properties. Flavonoids are valuable candidates for drug development against many dangerous diseases. This overview summarizes the most important therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of flavonoids. General knowledge about the structure activity relationship of flavonoids is summarized. Substitution of chemical groups in the structure of flavonoids can significantly change their biological and chemical properties. The chemical properties of the basic flavonoid structure should be considered in a drug-based structural program.
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20
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Qiu X, Zhao T, Luo R, Qiu R, Li Z. Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Key Players in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:772615. [PMID: 35237507 PMCID: PMC8882594 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.772615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to the subtype of breast cancer which is negative for ER, PR, and HER-2 receptors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) refer to the leukocyte infiltrating tumor, derived from circulating blood mononuclear cells and differentiating into macrophages after exuding tissues. TAMs are divided into typical activated M1 subtype and alternately activated M2 subtype, which have different expressions of receptors, cytokines and chemokines. M1 is characterized by expressing a large amount of inducible nitric oxide synthase and TNF-α, and exert anti-tumor activity by promoting pro-inflammatory and immune responses. M2 usually expresses Arginase 1 and high levels of cytokines, growth factors and proteases to support their carcinogenic function. Recent studies demonstrate that TAMs participate in the process of TNBC from occurrence to metastasis, and might serve as potential biomarkers for prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaoming Li, ; Ran Qiu,
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaoming Li, ; Ran Qiu,
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21
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Moral R, Escrich E. Influence of Olive Oil and Its Components on Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020477. [PMID: 35056792 PMCID: PMC8780060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasia and a leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. The Mediterranean diet has been proposed as a healthy dietary pattern with protective effects in several chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This diet is characterized by the consumption of abundant plant foods and olive oil as the principal source of fat, which is considered one of the main components with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) has several bioactive compounds, mainly including monounsaturated fatty acids, triterpenes and polyphenols, such as phenolic alcohols (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), secoiridoids (e.g., oleuropein and oleocanthal), lignans (e.g., pinoresinol) or flavonoids (e.g., luteolin). While epidemiological evidence is still limited, experimental in vivo and in vitro data have shown a protective effect of this oil and its compounds on mammary carcinogenesis. Such effects account through complex and multiple mechanisms, including changes in epigenetics, transcriptome and protein expression that modulate several signaling pathways. Molecular targets of EVOO compounds have a role in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks. Although further research is needed to elucidate their beneficial effects on human prevention and progression of the disease, evidence points to EVOO in the context of the Mediterranean diet as a heathy choice, while EVOO components may be promising adjuvants in anticancer strategies.
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22
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Kanga KJW, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA, Ferguson DT, Darling-Reed SF. Effect of Diallyl Trisulfide on TNF-α-induced CCL2/MCP-1 Release in Genetically Different Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:5919-5933. [PMID: 34848446 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) has been shown to prevent and inhibit breast carcinogenesis. CCL2/MCP-1 has been shown to play a significant role in breast cancer. This study explored DATS efficacy on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS DATS efficacy on TNF-α induced TNBC cells were examined via trypan blue exclusion test, wound-healing assay, human cytokine arrays, ELISA, and RT-PCR. RESULTS DATS significantly induced cell death and inhibited cell migration. Expression of CCL2/MCP-1, IL-6, PDGF-BB, NT-3, and GM-CSF in TNF-α-treated cells increased. However, DATS significantly decreased the expression of CCL2/MCP-1 in TNF-α-treated MDA-MB-231 but not in MDA-MB-468 cells. DATS significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of IKBKE and MAPK8 in both cell lines, indicating a possible effect in genes involved in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling. CONCLUSION DATS may have a role in TNBC therapy and prevention by targeting CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konan J W Kanga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Dominique T Ferguson
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Selina F Darling-Reed
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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Flavonoids against non-physiologic inflammation attributed to cancer initiation, development, and progression—3PM pathways. EPMA J 2021; 12:559-587. [PMID: 34950252 PMCID: PMC8648878 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInflammation is an essential pillar of the immune defense. On the other hand, chronic inflammation is considered a hallmark of cancer initiation and progression. Chronic inflammation demonstrates a potential to induce complex changes at molecular, cellular, and organ levels including but not restricted to the stagnation and impairment of healing processes, uncontrolled production of aggressive ROS/RNS, triggered DNA mutations and damage, compromised efficacy of the DNA repair machinery, significantly upregulated cytokine/chemokine release and associated patho-physiologic protein synthesis, activated signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, abnormal tissue remodeling, and created pre-metastatic niches, among others. The anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids demonstrate clinically relevant potential as preventive and therapeutic agents to improve individual outcomes in diseases linked to the low-grade systemic and chronic inflammation, including cancers. To this end, flavonoids are potent modulators of pro-inflammatory gene expression being, therefore, of great interest as agents selectively suppressing molecular targets within pro-inflammatory pathways. This paper provides in-depth analysis of anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids, highlights corresponding mechanisms and targeted molecular pathways, and proposes potential treatment models for multi-level cancer prevention in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM). To this end, individualized profiling and patient stratification are essential for implementing targeted anti-inflammatory approaches. Most prominent examples are presented for the proposed application of flavonoid-conducted anti-inflammatory treatments in overall cancer management.
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Key Factor Regulating Inflammatory Microenvironment, Metastasis, and Resistance in Breast Cancer: Interleukin-1 Signaling. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:7785890. [PMID: 34602858 PMCID: PMC8486558 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7785890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the top-ranked cancers for incidence and mortality worldwide. The biggest challenges in breast cancer treatment are metastasis and drug resistance, for which work on molecular evaluation, mechanism studies, and screening of therapeutic targets is ongoing. Factors that lead to inflammatory infiltration and immune system suppression in the tumor microenvironment are potential therapeutic targets. Interleukin-1 is known as a proinflammatory and immunostimulatory cytokine, which plays important roles in inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that interleukin-1 cytokines drive the formation and maintenance of an inflammatory/immunosuppressive microenvironment through complex intercellular signal crosstalk and tight intracellular signal transduction, which were found to be potentially involved in the mechanism of metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer. Some preclinical and clinical treatments or interventions to block the interleukin-1/interleukin-1 receptor system and its up- and downstream signaling cascades have also been proven effective. This study provides an overview of IL-1-mediated signal communication in breast cancer and discusses the potential of IL-1 as a therapeutic target especially for metastatic breast cancer and combination therapy and current problems, aiming at enlightening new ideas in the study of inflammatory cytokines and immune networks in the tumor microenvironment.
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Patra S, Pradhan B, Nayak R, Behera C, Das S, Patra SK, Efferth T, Jena M, Bhutia SK. Dietary polyphenols in chemoprevention and synergistic effect in cancer: Clinical evidences and molecular mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153554. [PMID: 34371479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies has revealed that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could lower the risk of certain cancers. In this setting, natural polyphenols are potent anticancer bioactive compounds to overcome the non-target specificity, undesirable cytotoxicity and high cost of treatment cancer chemotherapy. PURPOSE The review focuses on diverse classifications of the chemical diversity of dietary polyphenol and their molecular targets, modes of action, as well as preclinical and clinical applications in cancer prevention. RESULTS The dietary polyphenols exhibit chemo-preventive activity through modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, inflammation, invasion and metastasis. Polyphenols possess strong antioxidant activity and control multiple molecular events through activation of tumor suppressor genes and inhibition of oncogenes involved in carcinogenesis. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have evidenced that these dietary phytochemicals regulate critical molecular targets and pathways to limit cancer initiation and progression. Moreover, natural polyphenols act synergistically with existing clinically approved drugs. The improved anticancer activity of combinations of polyphenols and anticancer drugs represents a promising perspective for clinical applications against many human cancers. CONCLUSION The anticancer properties exhibited by dietary polyphenols are mainly attributed to their anti-metastatic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic and autophagic effects. Hence, regular consumption of dietary polyphenols as food or food additives or adjuvants can be a promising tactic to preclude adjournment or cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Chhandashree Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India.
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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Zhang L, Chen X, Wu L, Li Y, Wang L, Zhao X, Zhao T, Zhang L, Yan Z, Wei G. Ameliorative effects of escin on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113503. [PMID: 33091488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Escin is a natural mixture of triterpene saponins extracted from the seeds of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. And has been reported to possess the therapeutic effects against neuropathic pain (NP). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and explore the underlying mechanisms of escin on rats of NP induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were treated with escin (7, 14, and 28 mg/kg, i. g.) daily from the third day after the surgery (day 0) for consecutive 14 days. Regular behavior and thermal threshold were measured on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14. Investigations into mechanisms involved measurement of inflammatory factors and biochemical factors in dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Inflammatory pain responses and nerve injuries were induced by the CCI model. Tonic pain model and acute inflammatory model induced by formalin or carrageenan were established to evaluated the pharmacological effects of escin on acute inflammatory pain. Corresponding behaviors were monitored and relevant gene expression such as c-fos, mu opioid receptor (MOR) and KCNK1 were detected by qRT-PCR. Investigate the neuroprotective effects of escin on PC12 cell injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell morphology was observed under inverted microscope and neuroprotective effect of escin on cell activity was assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS Escin could widen thermal threshold, downregulate the concentration of inflammatory factors like tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, suppress the gene expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), decrease the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nerve growth factor (NGF) remarkably. In addition, escin significantly lowered the duration of licking, numbers of flinches and increase in paw edema, showing great therapeutic effects on inflammatory pain responses. Moreover, the activity of injured PC12 cells was significantly improved after escin administrated. CONCLUSION Escin exerted the ameliorative effects on NP induced by CCI which may be related to downregulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressing TLR-4/NF-κB signal pathway, thereafter decreasing the level of GFAP and NGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudai Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiu Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lanlan Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yongbiao Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Liwen Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guihua Wei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Dúcka M, Kučeríková M, Trčka F, Červinka J, Biglieri E, Šmarda J, Borsig L, Beneš P, Knopfová L. c-Myb interferes with inflammatory IL1α-NF-κB pathway in breast cancer cells. Neoplasia 2021; 23:326-336. [PMID: 33621853 PMCID: PMC7905261 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myb can be involved in the activation of many genes with protumorigenic function; however, its role in breast cancer (BC) development is still under discussion. c-Myb is considered as a tumor-promoting factor in the early phases of BC, on the other hand, its expression in BC patients relates to a good prognosis. Previously, we have shown that c-Myb controls the capacity of BC cells to form spontaneous lung metastasis. Reduced seeding of BC cells to the lungs is linked to high expression of c-Myb and a decline in expression of a specific set of inflammatory genes. Here, we unraveled a c-Myb-IL1α-NF-κB signaling axis that takes place in tumor cells. We report that an overexpression of c-Myb interfered with the activity of NF-κB in several BC cell lines. We identified IL1α to be essential for this interference since it was abrogated in the IL1α-deficient cells. Overexpression of IL1α, as well as addition of recombinant IL1α protein, activated NF-κB signaling and restored expression of the inflammatory signature genes suppressed by c-Myb. The endogenous levels of c-Myb negatively correlated with IL1α on both transcriptional and protein levels across BC cell lines. We concluded that inhibition of IL1α expression by c-Myb reduces NF-κB activity and disconnects the inflammatory circuit, a potentially targetable mechanism to mimic the antimetastatic effect of c-Myb with therapeutic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dúcka
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kučeríková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Trčka
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Červinka
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elisabetta Biglieri
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petr Beneš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Knopfová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Ahmed SA, Parama D, Daimari E, Girisa S, Banik K, Harsha C, Dutta U, Kunnumakkara AB. Rationalizing the therapeutic potential of apigenin against cancer. Life Sci 2020; 267:118814. [PMID: 33333052 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the remarkable advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer during the past couple of decades, it remains the second largest cause of mortality in the world, killing approximately 9.6 million people annually. The major challenges in the treatment of the advanced stage of this disease are the development of chemoresistance, severe adverse effects of the drugs, and high treatment cost. Therefore, the development of drugs that are safe, efficacious, and cost-effective remains a 'Holy Grail' in cancer research. However, the research over the past four decades shed light on the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential of natural products and their underlying mechanism of action. Apigenin is one such compound, which is known to be safe and has significant potential in the prevention and therapy of this disease. AIM To assess the literature available on the potential of apigenin and its analogs in modulating the key molecular targets leading to the prevention and treatment of different types of cancer. METHOD A comprehensive literature search has been carried out on PubMed for obtaining information related to the sources and analogs, chemistry and biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, biological activities, bioavailability and toxicity of apigenin. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in many in vitro, in vivo and a few cohort studies that evidenced the effectiveness of apigenin and its analogs in modulating important molecular targets and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, etc., which play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. In addition, apigenin was also shown to inhibit chemoresistance and radioresistance and make cancer cells sensitive to these agents. Reports have further revealed the safety of the compound and the adaptation of nanotechnological approaches for improving its bioavailability. SIGNIFICANCE Hence, the present review recapitulates the properties of apigenin and its pharmacological activities against different types of cancer, which warrant further investigation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semim Akhtar Ahmed
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Enush Daimari
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Anticancer natural medicines: An overview of cell signaling and other targets of anticancer phytochemicals. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Guedj F, Siegel AE, Pennings JLA, Alsebaa F, Massingham LJ, Tantravahi U, Bianchi DW. Apigenin as a Candidate Prenatal Treatment for Trisomy 21: Effects in Human Amniocytes and the Ts1Cje Mouse Model. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:911-931. [PMID: 33098770 PMCID: PMC7675036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human fetuses with trisomy 21 (T21) have atypical brain development that is apparent sonographically in the second trimester. We hypothesize that by analyzing and integrating dysregulated gene expression and pathways common to humans with Down syndrome (DS) and mouse models we can discover novel targets for prenatal therapy. Here, we tested the safety and efficacy of apigenin, identified with this approach, in both human amniocytes from fetuses with T21 and in the Ts1Cje mouse model. In vitro, T21 cells cultured with apigenin had significantly reduced oxidative stress and improved antioxidant defense response. In vivo, apigenin treatment mixed with chow was administered prenatally to the dams and fed to the pups over their lifetimes. There was no significant increase in birth defects or pup deaths resulting from prenatal apigenin treatment. Apigenin significantly improved several developmental milestones and spatial olfactory memory in Ts1Cje neonates. In addition, we noted sex-specific effects on exploratory behavior and long-term hippocampal memory in adult mice, and males showed significantly more improvement than females. We demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of apigenin are pleiotropic, resulting in decreased oxidative stress, activation of pro-proliferative and pro-neurogenic genes (KI67, Nestin, Sox2, and PAX6), reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines INFG, IL1A, and IL12P70 through the inhibition of NFκB signaling, increase of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10 and IL12P40, and increased expression of the angiogenic and neurotrophic factors VEGFA and IL7. These studies provide proof of principle that apigenin has multiple therapeutic targets in preclinical models of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faycal Guedj
- Prenatal Genomics and Therapy Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Ashley E Siegel
- Prenatal Genomics and Therapy Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jeroen L A Pennings
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, BA 3720, the Netherlands
| | - Fatimah Alsebaa
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Lauren J Massingham
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Umadevi Tantravahi
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Diana W Bianchi
- Prenatal Genomics and Therapy Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Tumor-associated neutrophils as new players in immunosuppressive process of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. Life Sci 2020; 264:118699. [PMID: 33137368 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the conventional reputation of neutrophils to have antibacterial properties, recent studies have put emphasis and are interested in the role of neutrophils in the spread and treatment of cancer. It has been shown that the infiltration of neutrophils, either by exerting pro- or anti-tumoral effects, probably affects tumor prognosis. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) probably participate in tumor promotion and development in different ways, such as increasing genomic instability, induction of immunosuppression, and increasing angiogenesis. Despite major advances in breast cancer treatment, it is the second leading cause of death in American women. It has been revealed that inflammation is a fundamental issue in the treatment of this cancer because tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and vascularization can be affected by inflammatory factors. It is demonstrated that enhanced neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio probably contributes to the raised rate of mortality and decreased survival among breast cancer cases. The present review explores the biology of TANs, their suspected interactions in the breast cancer microenvironment, and their functions in preserving the tumor microenvironment and progression of tumors. Furthermore, their potential as therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers has been discussed in this paper.
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Bozorgi A, Khazaei S, Khademi A, Khazaei M. Natural and herbal compounds targeting breast cancer, a review based on cancer stem cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:970-983. [PMID: 32952942 PMCID: PMC7478260 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.43745.10270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known as the major reason for therapy resistance. Recently, natural herbal compounds are suggested to have a significant role in inhibiting the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). The aim of this study was to explore the effective natural herbal compounds against BCSCs.This review article was designed based on the BCSCs, mechanisms of therapy resistance and natural herbal compounds effective to inhibit their activity. Therefore, Science direct, PubMed and Scopus databases were explored and related original articles were investigated from 2010 to 2019. BCSCs use different mechanisms including special membrane transporters, anti-apoptotic, pro-survival, and self-renewal- related signaling pathways. Natural herbal compounds could disturb these mechanisms, therefore may inhibit or eradicate the BCSCs. Studies show that a broad range of plants, either as a food or medicine, contain anti-cancer agents that phenolic components and their different derivatives share a large quantity. Natural herbal compounds play a pivotal role in the eradication of BCSCs, through the inhibition of biological activities and induction of apoptosis. Although it is necessary to conduct more clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saber Khazaei
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Khademi
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Salvestrini V, Ciciarello M, Pensato V, Simonetti G, Laginestra MA, Bruno S, Pazzaglia M, De Marchi E, Forte D, Orecchioni S, Martinelli G, Bertolini F, Méndez-Ferrer S, Adinolfi E, Di Virgilio F, Cavo M, Curti A. Denatonium as a Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Modifies Transcriptomic Profile and Functions of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1225. [PMID: 32793492 PMCID: PMC7393209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of cell-extrinsic factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) generation and persistence has gained interest. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are G protein-coupled receptors known for their primary role as a central warning signal to induce aversion toward noxious or harmful substances. Nevertheless, the increasing amount of evidence about their extra-oral localization has suggested a wider function in sensing microenvironment, also in cancer settings. In this study, we found that AML cells express functional TAS2Rs. We also highlighted a significant association between the modulation of some TAS2Rs and the poor-prognosis AML groups, i.e., TP53- and TET2-mutated, supporting a potential role of TAS2Rs in AML cell biology. Gene expression profile analysis showed that TAS2R activation with the prototypical agonist, denatonium benzoate, significantly modulated a number of genes involved in relevant AML cellular processes. Functional assay substantiated molecular data and indicated that denatonium reduced AML cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase or induced apoptosis via caspase cascade activation. Moreover, denatonium exposure impaired AML cell motility and migratory capacity, and inhibited cellular respiration by decreasing glucose uptake and oxidative phosphorylation. In conclusion, our results in AML cells expand the observation of cancer TAS2R expression to the setting of hematological neoplasms and shed light on a role of TAS2Rs in the extrinsic regulation of leukemia cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Salvestrini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Ciciarello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Pensato
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Maria Antonella Laginestra
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Samantha Bruno
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Pazzaglia
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena De Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dorian Forte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Simon Méndez-Ferrer
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institute of Hematology “L. and A. Seràgnoli”, University-Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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Molecular mechanism of gossypol mediating CCL2 and IL‑8 attenuation in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1213-1226. [PMID: 32627003 PMCID: PMC7339712 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation associated with cancer is characterized by the production of different types of chemokines and cytokines. In cancer, numerous signaling pathways upregulate the expression levels of several cytokines and evolve cells to the neoplastic state. Therefore, targeting these signaling pathways through the inhibition of distinctive gene expression is a primary target for cancer therapy. The present study investigated the anticancer effects of the natural polyphenol gossypol (GOSS) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, the most aggressive breast cancer type with poor prognosis. GOSS effects were examined in two TNBC cell lines: MDA-MB-231 (MM-231) and MDA-MB-468 (MM-468), representing Caucasian Americans (CA) and African Americans (AA), respectively. The obtained IC50s revealed no significant difference between the two cell lines' response to the compound. However, the use of microarray assays for cytokine determination indicated the ability of GOSS to attenuate the expression levels of cancer-related cytokines in the two cell lines. Although GOSS did not alter CCL2 expression in MM-468 cells, it was able to cause 30% inhibition in TNF-α-stimulated MM-231 cells. Additionally, IL-8 was not altered by GOSS treatment in MM-231 cells, while its expression was inhibited by 60% in TNF-α-activated MM-468 cells. ELISA assays supported the microarray data and indicated that CCL2 expression was inhibited by 40% in MM-231 cells, and IL-8 expression was inhibited by 50% in MM-468 cells. Furthermore, in MM-231 cells, GOSS inhibited CCL2 release via the repression of IKBKE, CCL2 and MAPK1 gene expression. Additionally, in MM-468 cells, the compound downregulated the release of IL-8 through repressing IL-8, MAPK1, MAPK3, CCDC88A, STAT3 and PIK3CD gene expression. In conclusion, the data obtained in the present study indicate that the polyphenol compound GOSS may provide a valuable tool in TNBC therapy.
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Sudhakaran M, Doseff AI. The Targeted Impact of Flavones on Obesity-Induced Inflammation and the Potential Synergistic Role in Cancer and the Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2020; 25:E2477. [PMID: 32471061 PMCID: PMC7321129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an inflammatory disease that is approaching pandemic levels, affecting nearly 30% of the world's total population. Obesity increases the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer, consequentially impacting the quality of life and imposing a serious socioeconomic burden. Hence, reducing obesity and related life-threatening conditions has become a paramount health challenge. The chronic systemic inflammation characteristic of obesity promotes adipose tissue remodeling and metabolic changes. Macrophages, the major culprits in obesity-induced inflammation, contribute to sustaining a dysregulated immune function, which creates a vicious adipocyte-macrophage crosstalk, leading to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. Therefore, targeting regulatory inflammatory pathways has attracted great attention to overcome obesity and its related conditions. However, the lack of clinical efficacy and the undesirable side-effects of available therapeutic options for obesity provide compelling reasons for the need to identify additional approaches for the prevention and treatment of obesity-induced inflammation. Plant-based active metabolites or nutraceuticals and diets with an increased content of these compounds are emerging as subjects of intense scientific investigation, due to their ability to ameliorate inflammatory conditions and offer safe and cost-effective opportunities to improve health. Flavones are a class of flavonoids with anti-obesogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Preclinical studies have laid foundations by establishing the potential role of flavones in suppressing adipogenesis, inducing browning, modulating immune responses in the adipose tissues, and hindering obesity-induced inflammation. Nonetheless, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-obesogenic activity of flavones remains scarce and requires further investigations. This review recapitulates the molecular aspects of obesity-induced inflammation and the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages, while focusing on the current evidence on the health benefits of flavones against obesity and chronic inflammation, which has been positively correlated with an enhanced cancer incidence. We conclude the review by highlighting the areas of research warranting a deeper investigation, with an emphasis on flavones and their potential impact on the crosstalk between adipocytes, the immune system, the gut microbiome, and their role in the regulation of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sudhakaran
- Physiology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Andrea I. Doseff
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Malla RR, Deepak K, Merchant N, Dasari VR. Breast Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging target of therapeutic phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153227. [PMID: 32339885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and challenging form of breast cancers. Tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC is associated with induction of metastasis, immune system suppression, escaping immune detection and drug resistance. TME is highly complex and heterogeneous, consists of tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells. The rapid expansion of tumors induce hypoxia, which concerns the reprogramming of TME components. The reciprocal communication of tumor cells and TME cells predisposes cancer cells to metastasis by modulation of developmental pathways, Wnt, notch, hedgehog and their related mechanisms in TME. Dietary phytochemicals are non-toxic and associated with various human health benefits and remarkable spectrum of biological activities. The phytochemicals serve as vital resources for drug discovery and also as a source for breast cancer therapy. The novel properties of dietary phytochemicals propose platform for modulation of tumor signaling, overcoming drug resistance, and targeting TME. Therefore, TME could serve as promising target for the treatment of TNBC. This review presents current status and implications of experimentally evaluated therapeutic phytochemicals as potential targeting agents of TME, potential nanosystems for targeted delivery of phytochemicals and their current challenges and future implications in TNBC treatment. The dietary phytochemicals especially curcumin with significant delivery system could prevent TNBC development as it is considered safe and well tolerated in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India.
| | - Kgk Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Clinic, 100 Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
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Mo Y, Liu B, Qiu S, Wang X, Zhong L, Han X, Mi F. Down‐regulation of microRNA‐34c‐5p alleviates neuropathic pain
via
the SIRT1/STAT3 signaling pathway in rat models of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve. J Neurochem 2020; 154:301-315. [PMID: 32126145 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuai Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Benjuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
| | - Fuli Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology Linyi People’s Hospital Linyi P.R. China
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Bauer D, Mazzio E, Soliman KFA. Whole Transcriptomic Analysis of Apigenin on TNFα Immuno-activated MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 16:421-431. [PMID: 31659097 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer is categorized by a lack of hormone receptors, inefficacy of anti-estrogen or aromatase inhibitor chemotherapies and greater mortality rates in African American populations. Advanced-stage breast tumors have a high concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) throughout the tumor/stroma milieu, prompting sustained release of diverse chemokines (i.e. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/CCL5). These potent chemokines can subsequently direct mass infiltration of leukocyte sub-populations to lodge within the tumor, triggering a loss of tumor immune surveillance and subsequent rapid tumor growth. Previously, we demonstrated that in the MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line, TNFα evoked a rise in immune signaling proteins: CCL2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL)1α, IL6 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKBKε) all of which were attenuated by apigenin, a dietary flavonoid found in chamomile and parsley. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present work elucidates changes evoked by TNFα in the presence or absence of apigenin by examining the entire transcriptome for mRNA and long intergenic non-coding RNA with Affymetrix Hugene-2.1_ST human microarrays. Differential gene-expression analysis was conducted on 48,226 genes. RESULTS TNFα caused up-regulation of 75 genes and down-regulation of 10. Of these, apigenin effectively down-regulated 35 of the 75 genes which were up-regulated by TNFα. These findings confirm our previous work, specifically for the TNFα-evoked spike in IL1A vs. untreated controls [+21-fold change (FC), p<0.0001] being attenuated by apigenin in the presence of TNFa (-15 FC vs. TNFα, p<0.0001). Similar trends were seen for apigenin-mediated down-regulation of TNFα-up-regulated transcripts: IKBKE (TNFα: 4.55 FC vs. control, p<0.001; and TNFα plus apigenin: -4.92 FC, p<0.001), CCL2 (2.19 FC, p<0.002; and -2.12 FC, p<0.003), IL6 (3.25 FC, p<0.020; and -2.85 FC, p<0.043) and CSF2 (TNFα +6.04 FC, p<0.001; and -2.36 FC, p<0.007). In addition, these data further establish more than a 65% reduction by apigenin for the following transcripts which were also up-regulated by TNFα: cathepsin S (CTSS), complement C3 (C3), laminin subunit gamma 2 (LAMC2), (TLR2), toll-like receptor 2 G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B (GPRC5B), contactin-associated protein 1 (CNTNAP1), claudin 1 (CLDN1), nuclear factor of activated T-cells 2 (NFATC2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), CXCL11, interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 3 (IRAK3), nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2), interleukin 32 (IL32), IL24, slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2), transmembrane protein 132A (TMEM132A), TMEM171, signal transducing adaptor family member 2 (STAP2), mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL), kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), BMP-binding endothelial regulator (BMPER), and kelch-like family member 36 (KLHL36). CONCLUSION There is a possible therapeutic role for apigenin in down-regulating diverse genes associated with tumorigenic leukocyte sub-population infiltration by triple-negative breast cancer. The data have been deposited into the Gene Expression Omnibus for public analysis at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE120550.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauer
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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Chu LW, Cheng KI, Chen JY, Cheng YC, Chang YC, Yeh JL, Hsu JH, Dai ZK, Wu BN. Loganin prevents chronic constriction injury-provoked neuropathic pain by reducing TNF-α/IL-1β-mediated NF-κB activation and Schwann cell demyelination. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 67:153166. [PMID: 31955133 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can produce chronic and ultimately neuropathic pain. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) model has provided a deeper understanding of nociception and chronic pain. Loganin is a well-known herbal medicine with glucose-lowering action and neuroprotective activity. PURPOSE This study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which loganin reduced CCI-induced neuropathic pain. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, sham+loganin, CCI and CCI+loganin. Loganin (1 or 5 mg/kg/day) was injected intraperitoneally once daily for 14 days, starting the day after CCI. For behavioral testing, mechanical and thermal responses were assessed before surgery and on d1, d3, d7 and d14 after surgery. Sciatic nerves (SNs) were collected to measure proinflammatory cytokines. Proximal and distal SNs were collected separately for Western blotting and immunofluorescence studies. RESULTS Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were reduced in the loganin-treated group as compared to the CCI group. Loganin (5 mg/kg/day) prevented CCI from inducing proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), inflammatory proteins (TNF-α, IL-1β, pNFκB, pIκB/IκB, iNOS) and receptor (TNFR1, IL-1R), adaptor protein (TRAF2) of TNF-α, and Schwann cell demyelination and axonal damage. Loganin also blocked IκB phosphorylation (p-IκB). Double immunofluorescent staining further demonstrated that pNFκB/pIκB protein was reduced by loganin in Schwann cells on d7 after CCI. In the distal stumps of injured SN, Schwann cell demyelination was correlated with pain behaviors in CCI rats. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that loganin improves CCI-induced neuroinflammation and pain behavior by downregulating TNF-α/IL-1β-dependent NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chu
- Department of Nursing, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-I Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yih Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zen-Kong Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Bauer D, Mazzio E, Hilliard A, Oriaku ET, Soliman KFA. Effect of apigenin on whole transcriptome profile of TNFα-activated MDA-MB-468 triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2123-2132. [PMID: 32194710 PMCID: PMC7038999 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of hormone receptors in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with the inefficacy of anti-estrogen chemotherapies, leaving fewer options for patient treatment and higher mortality rates. Additionally, as with numerous types of inflammatory breast cancer, infiltration of tumor associated macrophages and other leukocyte sub-populations within the tumor inevitably lead to aggressive, chemo-resistant, metastatic and invasive types of cancer which escape immune surveillance. These processes are orchestrated by the release of potent cytokines, including TNFα, IL-6 and CCL2 from the stroma, tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. The present study evaluated apigenin modulating effects on the pro-inflammatory activating action of TNFα in TNBC MDA-MB-468 cells, derived from an African American woman. Initially, cell viability was determined to establish an optimal sub-lethal dose of TNFα and apigenin in MDA-MB-468 cells. Subsequently, various treatments effects were evaluated using whole transcriptomic analysis of mRNA and long intergenic non-coding RNA with Affymetrix HuGene-2.1-st human microarrays. Gene level differential expression analysis was conducted on 48,226 genes where TNFα caused significant upregulation of 53 transcripts and downregulation of 11 transcripts. The largest upward differential shift was for CCL2 [+61.86 fold change (FC); false discovery rate (FDR), P<0.0001]; which was down regulated by apigenin (to +10.71 FC vs. Control; FDR P-value <0.001), equivalent to an 83% reduction. Several TNFα deferentially upregulated transcripts were reduced by apigenin, including CXCL10, C3, PGLYRP4, IL22RA2, KMO, IL7R, ROS1, CFB, IKBKe, SLITRK6 (a checkpoint target) and MMP13. Confirmation of CCL2 experimentally induced transcript alterations was corroborated at the protein level by ELISA assays. The high level of CCL2 transcript in the cell line was comparable to that in our previous studies in MDA-MB-231 cells. The differential effects of TNFα were corroborated by ELISA, where the data revealed a >10-fold higher releasing rate of CCL2 in MDA-MB-468 cells compared with in MDA-MB-231 cells, both of which were attenuated by apigenin. The data obtained in the present study demonstrated a high level of CCL2 in MDA-MB-468 cells and a possible therapeutic role for apigenin in downregulating TNFα-mediated processes in these TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauer
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mazzio
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Aaron Hilliard
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Ebenezer T Oriaku
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Attenuated anti-tumor activity of NK-92 cells by invasive human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-00059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Singh N, Shaik FA, Myal Y, Chelikani P. Chemosensory bitter taste receptors T2R4 and T2R14 activation attenuates proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 465:199-214. [PMID: 31894529 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03679-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The emerging significance of the bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) role in the extraoral tissues alludes to their potential role in many pathophysiological conditions. The dysregulation of T2R expression and function in disease conditions has now been demonstrated in airways diseases, neurological disorders, and in some cancers. However, the role of T2Rs in the pathophysiology of breast cancer is unexplored thus far. Previously, we demonstrated differential expression of the 25 T2Rs in breast cancer (BC) cells. Based on our previous findings we selected two T2Rs, T2R4 and T2R14 for this work. The objective of the current study is to investigate the expression of T2R4 and T2R14 in BC clinical samples and to examine their physiological role using highly metastatic BC and non-cancerous cell lines. Using approaches, which involve receptor knockdown, pharmacological activation and biochemical assays we report that (i) T2R4 and T2R14 expression patterns are dissimilar, with decreased levels of T2R4 and increased levels of T2R14 in BC clinical samples compared to non-cancerous controls. (ii) Activation of T2Rs with their respective agonist elicited physiological responses in metastatic breast cancer cells, and no responses were seen in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. (iii) Agonist activation of T2Rs (irrespective of T2R subtype) induced anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory responses in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the chemosensory T2R signaling network is involved in evoking physiological responses in the metastatic breast cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Feroz Ahmed Shaik
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Prashen Chelikani
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada.
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Mendonca P, Horton A, Bauer D, Messeha S, Soliman KFA. The inhibitory effects of butein on cell proliferation and TNF-α-induced CCL2 release in racially different triple negative breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215269. [PMID: 31665136 PMCID: PMC6821048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is the leading cause of breast cancer-related mortality in women, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype, affecting African American women more aggressively compared to Caucasians women. Of all cancer-related deaths, 15 to 20% are associated with inflammation, where proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the tumorigenesis process. The current study investigated the effects of the polyphenolic compound butein (2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxychalcone) on cell proliferation and survival, as well as its modulatory effect on the release of proinflammatory cytokines in MDA-MB-231 (Caucasian) and MDA-MB-468 (African American) TNBC cell. The results obtained showed that butein decreased cell viability in a time and dose-dependent manner, and after 72-h of treatment, the cell proliferation rate was reduced in both cell lines. In addition, butein was found to have higher potency in MDA-MB-468, exhibiting anti-proliferative effects in lower concentrations. Apoptosis assays demonstrated that butein (50 μM) increased apoptotic cells in MDA MB-468, showing 60% of the analyzed cells in the apoptotic phase, compared to 20% in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, butein downregulated both protein and mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokine, CCL2, and IKBKE in TNFα-activated Caucasian cells, but not in African Americans. This study demonstrates butein potential in cancer cell suppression showing a higher cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and apoptotic effects in African Americans, compared to Caucasians TNBC cells. It also reveals the butein inhibitory effect on CCL2 expression with a possible association with IKBKE downregulation in MDA-MB-231 cells only, indicating that Caucasians and African Americans TNBC cells respond differently to butein treatment. The obtained findings may provide an explanation regarding the poor therapeutic response in African American patients with advanced TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mendonca
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ainsley Horton
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - David Bauer
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Samia Messeha
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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The antidepressant effects of apigenin are associated with the promotion of autophagy via the mTOR/AMPK/ULK1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2867-2874. [PMID: 31322238 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether apigenin elicits antidepressant effects in depressant‑like mice via the regulation of autophagy. The depressant‑like behaviors were established in a chronic restraint stress model. Male BALB/c mice were subjected to restraint stress for 6 h/day for a period of 21 days, and deficits in sucrose preference, tail suspension and forced swim tests were confirmed to be improved following oral apigenin. To investigate the underlining mechanisms, the hippocampal levels of p62 and microtubule‑associated protein light chain 3‑II/I (LC3‑II/I) were measured using western blot analysis. The expression levels of LC3‑II/I and p62 indicated that the significantly inhibited autophagy level induced by chronic restraint stress can be increased following apigenin treatment. Similar to the level of autophagy, the expression levels of adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Unc‑51 like autophagy activating kinase‑1 were downregulated after chronic restraint stress stimulation and, subsequently upregulated following treatment with apigenin. Conversely, the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were increased in chronic restraint stress mice and inhibited by apigenin. Collectively, the present findings indicated that apigenin potentially promotes autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway and induces antidepressive effects in chronic restraint stress mice.
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Lee HH, Jung J, Moon A, Kang H, Cho H. Antitumor and Anti-Invasive Effect of Apigenin on Human Breast Carcinoma through Suppression of IL-6 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133143. [PMID: 31252615 PMCID: PMC6651620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 plays a crucial role in the progression, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 is known for its aggressive metastasis. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process in cancer metastasis. The positive correlation between IL-6 and EMT in tumor microenvironment is reported. We found significantly upregulated IL-6 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. A blockade of IL-6 expression decreased levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt), and cell cycle-related molecules, including cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins in MDA-MB-231 cells. A short-hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated blockade of IL-6 expression inhibited migration and N-cadherin expression and induced E-cadherin expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Growth rate was slower for the tumors derived from IL-6 shRNA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells than for those derived from control shRNA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression of pSTAT3, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK), PI3K, pAkt, snail, vimentin, and N-cadherin was significantly lower in tumors from IL-6 shRNA-treated MDA-MB cells. In addition, apigenin treatment significantly inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231-derived xenograft tumors along with the protein expressions of pSTAT3, pERK, IL-6, PI3K, pAkt, and N-cadherin. Our results demonstrate that the anti-invasive effect of apigenin in MDA-MB-231-derived xenograft tumors is mediated by the inhibition of IL-6-linked downstream signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
| | - Joohee Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea
| | - Hyojeung Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
| | - Hyosun Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea.
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Korea.
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Ye Q, Liu K, Shen Q, Li Q, Hao J, Han F, Jiang RW. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer by Multi-Functional Flavonoids. Front Oncol 2019; 9:487. [PMID: 31245292 PMCID: PMC6581719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) resulting from different defensive mechanisms in cancer is one of the major obstacles of clinical treatment. To circumvent MDR many reversal agents have been developed, but most of them fail in clinical trials due to severely adverse effects. Recently, certain natural products have been reported to overcome MDR, including flavonoids which are abundant in plants, foods, and herbs. The structure of flavonoids can be abbreviated as C6-C3-C6 (C for carbon), and further categorized into flavonoids, iso-flavonoids and neo-flavonoids, according to their structural backbones. Flavonoids possess multiple bioactivities, and a growing body of research has indicated that both flavonoids and iso-flavonoids can either kill or re-sensitize conventional chemotherapeutics to resistant cancer cells. Here, we summarize the research and discuss the underlying mechanisms, concluding that these flavonoids do not function as specific regulators of target proteins, but rather as multi-functional agents that negatively regulate the key factors contributing to MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Liu
- Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Qun Shen
- Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | | | - Jinghui Hao
- Jiaozuo Second People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, China
| | | | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Emerging Roles of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Unfolded Protein Response in Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050631. [PMID: 31064137 PMCID: PMC6562633 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis is often altered in tumor cells due to intrinsic (oncogene expression, aneuploidy) and extrinsic (environmental) challenges. ER stress triggers the activation of an adaptive response named the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), leading to protein translation repression, and to the improvement of ER protein folding and clearance capacity. The UPR is emerging as a key player in malignant transformation and tumor growth, impacting on most hallmarks of cancer. As such, the UPR can influence cancer cells’ migration and invasion properties. In this review, we overview the involvement of the UPR in cancer progression. We discuss its cross-talks with the cell migration and invasion machinery. Specific aspects will be covered including extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, modification of cell adhesion, chemo-attraction, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), modulation of signaling pathways associated with cell mobility, and cytoskeleton remodeling. The therapeutic potential of targeting the UPR to treat cancer will also be considered with specific emphasis in the impact on metastasis and tissue invasion.
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Sudhakaran M, Sardesai S, Doseff AI. Flavonoids: New Frontier for Immuno-Regulation and Breast Cancer Control. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E103. [PMID: 30995775 PMCID: PMC6523469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the US, despite advances in detection and treatment. In addition, breast cancer survivors often struggle with long-term treatment related comorbidities. Identifying novel therapies that are effective while minimizing toxicity is critical in curtailing this disease. Flavonoids, a subclass of plant polyphenols, are emerging as promising treatment options for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Recent evidence suggests that in addition to anti-oxidant properties, flavonoids can directly interact with proteins, making them ideal small molecules for the modulation of enzymes, transcription factors and cell surface receptors. Of particular interest is the ability of flavonoids to modulate the tumor associated macrophage function. However, clinical applications of flavonoids in cancer trials are limited. Epidemiological and smaller clinical studies have been largely hypothesis generating. Future research should aim at addressing known challenges with a broader use of preclinical models and investigating enhanced dose-delivery systems that can overcome limited bioavailability of dietary flavonoids. In this review, we discuss the structure-functional impact of flavonoids and their action on breast tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on their clinical role in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sudhakaran
- Department Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Physiology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Sagar Sardesai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Andrea I Doseff
- Department Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C Is an Important Virulence Factor for Mastitis. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11030141. [PMID: 30832302 PMCID: PMC6468914 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an important bacterial pathogen causing bovine mastitis, but little is known about the virulence factor and the inflammatory responses in the mammary infection. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) is the most frequent toxin produced by S. aureus, isolated from bovine mastitis. To investigate the pathogenic activity of SEC in the inflammation of the mammary gland and the immune responses in an animal model, mouse mammary glands were injected with SEC, and the clinical signs, inflammatory cell infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine production in the mammary glands were assessed. SEC induced significant inflammatory reactions in the mammary gland, in a dose-dependent manner. SEC-injected mammary glands showed a severe inflammation with inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage. In addition, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 production in the SEC-injected mammary glands were significantly higher than those in the PBS control glands. Furthermore, the SEC-induced inflammation and tissue damage in the mammary gland were specifically inhibited by anti-SEC antibody. These results indicated, for the first time, that SEC can directly cause inflammation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and tissue damage in mammary glands, suggesting that SEC might play an important role in the development of mastitis associated with S. aureus infection. This finding offers an opportunity to develop novel treatment strategies for reduction of mammary tissue damage in mastitis.
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Ginwala R, Bhavsar R, Chigbu DI, Jain P, Khan ZK. Potential Role of Flavonoids in Treating Chronic Inflammatory Diseases with a Special Focus on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Apigenin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8020035. [PMID: 30764536 PMCID: PMC6407021 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been reported to be intimately linked to the development or worsening of several non-infectious diseases. A number of chronic conditions such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders emerge as a result of tissue injury and genomic changes induced by constant low-grade inflammation in and around the affected tissue or organ. The existing therapies for most of these chronic conditions sometimes leave more debilitating effects than the disease itself, warranting the advent of safer, less toxic, and more cost-effective therapeutic alternatives for the patients. For centuries, flavonoids and their preparations have been used to treat various human illnesses, and their continual use has persevered throughout the ages. This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory actions of flavonoids against chronic illnesses such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neuroinflammation with a special focus on apigenin, a relatively less toxic and non-mutagenic flavonoid with remarkable pharmacodynamics. Additionally, inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) due to diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) gives ready access to circulating lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), causing edema, further inflammation, and demyelination. As the dearth of safe anti-inflammatory therapies is dire in the case of CNS-related disorders, we reviewed the neuroprotective actions of apigenin and other flavonoids. Existing epidemiological and pre-clinical studies present considerable evidence in favor of developing apigenin as a natural alternative therapy against chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Ginwala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Center for Molecular Virology and Neuroimmunology, Center for Cancer Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
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