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Sanz-Alcázar A, Britti E, Delaspre F, Medina-Carbonero M, Pazos-Gil M, Tamarit J, Ros J, Cabiscol E. Mitochondrial impairment, decreased sirtuin activity and protein acetylation in dorsal root ganglia in Friedreich Ataxia models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 81:12. [PMID: 38129330 PMCID: PMC10739563 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FA) is a rare, recessive neuro-cardiodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a reduction in the activity of iron-sulfur enzymes, iron accumulation, and increased oxidative stress have been described. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons are among the cellular types most affected in the early stages of this disease. However, its effect on mitochondrial function remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that in primary cultures of DRG neurons as well as in DRGs from the FXNI151F mouse model, frataxin deficiency resulted in lower activity and levels of the electron transport complexes, mainly complexes I and II. In addition, altered mitochondrial morphology, indicative of degeneration was observed in DRGs from FXNI151F mice. Moreover, the NAD+/NADH ratio was reduced and sirtuin activity was impaired. We identified alpha tubulin as the major acetylated protein from DRG homogenates whose levels were increased in FXNI151F mice compared to WT mice. In the mitochondria, superoxide dismutase (SOD2), a SirT3 substrate, displayed increased acetylation in frataxin-deficient DRG neurons. Since SOD2 acetylation inactivates the enzyme, and higher levels of mitochondrial superoxide anion were detected, oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Elevated levels of hydroxynonenal bound to proteins and mitochondrial Fe2+ accumulation was detected when frataxin decreased. Honokiol, a SirT3 activator, restores mitochondrial respiration, decreases SOD2 acetylation and reduces mitochondrial superoxide levels. Altogether, these results provide data at the molecular level of the consequences of electron transport chain dysfunction, which starts negative feedback, contributing to neuron lethality. This is especially important in sensory neurons which have greater susceptibility to frataxin deficiency compared to other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabela Sanz-Alcázar
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Britti
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fabien Delaspre
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Medina-Carbonero
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Pazos-Gil
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
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Turchi R, Sciarretta F, Ceci V, Tiberi M, Audano M, Pedretti S, Panebianco C, Nesci V, Pazienza V, Ferri A, Carotti S, Chiurchiù V, Mitro N, Lettieri-Barbato D, Aquilano K. Butyrate prevents visceral adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic alterations in a Friedreich's ataxia mouse model. iScience 2023; 26:107713. [PMID: 37701569 PMCID: PMC10494209 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from a mutation in the FXN gene, leading to mitochondrial frataxin deficiency. FA patients exhibit increased visceral adiposity, inflammation, and heightened diabetes risk, negatively affecting prognosis. We investigated visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) in a murine model (KIKO) to understand its role in FA-related metabolic complications. RNA-seq analysis revealed altered expression of inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis genes. Diabetes-like traits, including larger adipocytes, immune cell infiltration, and increased lactate production, were observed in vWAT. FXN downregulation in cultured adipocytes mirrored vWAT diabetes-like features, showing metabolic shifts toward glycolysis and lactate production. Metagenomic analysis indicated a reduction in fecal butyrate-producing bacteria, known to exert antidiabetic effects. A butyrate-enriched diet restrained vWAT abnormalities and mitigated diabetes features in KIKO mice. Our work emphasizes the role of vWAT in FA-related metabolic issues and suggests butyrate as a safe and promising adjunct for FA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Turchi
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Ceci
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Tiberi
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Gastroenterology Unit Fondazione IRCSS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital San Giovanni Rotondo (FG)-Italy
| | - Valentina Nesci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Division of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastroenterology Unit Fondazione IRCSS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital San Giovanni Rotondo (FG)-Italy
| | - Alberto Ferri
- Division of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology, IFT-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carotti
- Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Predictive Molecular Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology, IFT-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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3
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Bustamante-Barrientos FA, Luque-Campos N, Araya MJ, Lara-Barba E, de Solminihac J, Pradenas C, Molina L, Herrera-Luna Y, Utreras-Mendoza Y, Elizondo-Vega R, Vega-Letter AM, Luz-Crawford P. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders: Potential therapeutic application of mitochondrial transfer to central nervous system-residing cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:613. [PMID: 37689642 PMCID: PMC10493034 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is reiteratively involved in the pathogenesis of diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Current in vitro and in vivo approaches support that mitochondrial dysfunction is branded by several molecular and cellular defects, whose impact at different levels including the calcium and iron homeostasis, energetic balance and/or oxidative stress, makes it difficult to resolve them collectively given their multifactorial nature. Mitochondrial transfer offers an overall solution since it contains the replacement of damage mitochondria by healthy units. Therefore, this review provides an introducing view on the structure and energy-related functions of mitochondria as well as their dynamics. In turn, we summarize current knowledge on how these features are deregulated in different neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal dementia, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich ataxia, Alzheimer´s disease, Parkinson´s disease, and Huntington's disease. Finally, we analyzed current advances in mitochondrial transfer between diverse cell types that actively participate in neurodegenerative processes, and how they might be projected toward developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Bustamante-Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Noymar Luque-Campos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Jesús Araya
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eliana Lara-Barba
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera de Solminihac
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Pradenas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Molina
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Yeimi Herrera-Luna
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Roberto Elizondo-Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ana María Vega-Letter
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Mons. Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile.
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Liu W, Yuan Q, Cao S, Wang G, Liu X, Xia Y, Bian Y, Xu F, Chen Y. Review: Acetylation Mechanisms andTargeted Therapies in Cardiac Fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106815. [PMID: 37290541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiological remodeling process that occurs in a variety of cardiovascular diseases and greatly influences heart structure and function, progressively leading to the development of heart failure. However, to date, few effective therapies for cardiac fibrosis exist. Abnormal proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cardiac fibroblasts are responsible for the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the myocardium. Acetylation, a widespread and reversible protein post-translational modification, plays an important role in the development of cardiac fibrosis by adding acetyl groups to lysine residues. Many acetyltransferases and deacetylases regulate the dynamic alterations of acetylation in cardiac fibrosis, regulating a range of pathogenic conditions including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism disturbance. In this review, we demonstrate the critical roles that acetylation modifications caused by different types of pathological injury play in cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, we propose therapeutic acetylation-targeting strategies for the prevention and treatment of patients with cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuhuan Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengchuan Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Xia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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O'Connell TM, Logsdon DL, Payne RM. Metabolomics analysis reveals dysregulation in one carbon metabolism in Friedreich Ataxia. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 136:306-314. [PMID: 35798654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich Ataxia (FA) is a rare and often fatal autosomal recessive disease in which a mitochondrial protein, frataxin (FXN), is severely reduced in all tissues. With loss of FXN, mitochondrial metabolism is severely disrupted. Multiple therapeutic approaches are in development, but a key limitation is the lack of biomarkers reflecting the activity of FXN in a timely fashion. We predicted this dysregulated metabolism would present a unique metabolite profile in blood of FA patients versus Controls (Con). Plasma from 10 FA and 11 age and sex matched Con subjects was analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry and untargeted NMR. This combined approach yielded quantitative measurements for 540 metabolites and found 59 unique metabolites (55 from MS and 4 from NMR) that were significantly different between cohorts. Correlation-based network analysis revealed several clusters of pathway related metabolites including a cluster associated with one‑carbon (1C) metabolism composed of formate, sarcosine, hypoxanthine, and homocysteine. Receiver operator characteristics analyses demonstrated an excellent ability to discriminate between Con and FA with AUC values >0.95. These results are the first reported metabolomic analyses of human patients with FA. The metabolic perturbations, especially those related to 1C metabolism, may serve as a valuable biomarker panel of disease progression and response to therapy. The identification of dysregulated 1C metabolism may also inform the search for new therapeutic targets related to this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M O'Connell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - David L Logsdon
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - R Mark Payne
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, and Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
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Payne RM. Cardiovascular Research in Friedreich Ataxia: Unmet Needs and Opportunities. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:1267-1283. [PMID: 36644283 PMCID: PMC9831864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive disease in which a mitochondrial protein, frataxin, is severely decreased in its expression. In addition to progressive ataxia, patients with FRDA often develop a cardiomyopathy that can be hypertrophic. This cardiomyopathy is unlike the sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathies in that the hypertrophy is associated with massive mitochondrial proliferation within the cardiomyocyte rather than contractile protein overexpression. This is associated with atrial arrhythmias, apoptosis, and fibrosis over time, and patients often develop heart failure leading to premature death. The differences between this mitochondrial cardiomyopathy and the more common contractile protein hypertrophic cardiomyopathies can be a source of misunderstanding in the management of these patients. Although imaging studies have revealed much about the structure and function of the heart in this disease, we still lack an understanding of many important clinical and fundamental molecular events that determine outcome of the heart in FRDA. This review will describe the current basic and clinical understanding of the FRDA heart, and most importantly, identify major gaps in our knowledge that represent new directions and opportunities for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mark Payne
- Address for correspondence: Dr R. Mark Payne, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut, R4 302b, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
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Chakraborty A, Minor KE, Nizami HL, Chiao YA, Lee CF. Harnessing NAD + Metabolism as Therapy for Cardiometabolic Diseases. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2022; 19:157-169. [PMID: 35556214 PMCID: PMC9339518 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This review summarizes current understanding on the roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism in the pathogeneses and treatment development of metabolic and cardiac diseases. RECENT FINDINGS NAD+ was identified as a redox cofactor in metabolism and a co-substrate for a wide range of NAD+-dependent enzymes. NAD+ redox imbalance and depletion are associated with many pathologies where metabolism plays a key role, for example cardiometabolic diseases. This review is to delineate the current knowledge about harnessing NAD+ metabolism as potential therapy for cardiometabolic diseases. The review has summarized how NAD+ redox imbalance and depletion contribute to the pathogeneses of cardiometabolic diseases. Therapeutic evidence involving activation of NAD+ synthesis in pre-clinical and clinical studies was discussed. While activation of NAD+ synthesis shows great promise for therapy, the field of NAD+ metabolism is rapidly evolving. Therefore, it is expected that new mechanisms will be discovered as therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Chakraborty
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, MS 45, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Keaton E Minor
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, MS 45, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Hina Lateef Nizami
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, MS 45, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Ying Ann Chiao
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Chi Fung Lee
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, MS 45, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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8
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Critical Evaluation of Current Hypotheses for the Pathogenesis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042195. [PMID: 35216312 PMCID: PMC8880276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), due to mutations in sarcomere proteins, occurs in more than 1/500 individuals and is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young people. The clinical course exhibits appreciable variability. However, typically, heart morphology and function are normal at birth, with pathological remodeling developing over years to decades, leading to a phenotype characterized by asymmetric ventricular hypertrophy, scattered fibrosis and myofibrillar/cellular disarray with ultimate mechanical heart failure and/or severe arrhythmias. The identity of the primary mutation-induced changes in sarcomere function and how they trigger debilitating remodeling are poorly understood. Support for the importance of mutation-induced hypercontractility, e.g., increased calcium sensitivity and/or increased power output, has been strengthened in recent years. However, other ideas that mutation-induced hypocontractility or non-uniformities with contractile instabilities, instead, constitute primary triggers cannot yet be discarded. Here, we review evidence for and criticism against the mentioned hypotheses. In this process, we find support for previous ideas that inefficient energy usage and a blunted Frank–Starling mechanism have central roles in pathogenesis, although presumably representing effects secondary to the primary mutation-induced changes. While first trying to reconcile apparently diverging evidence for the different hypotheses in one unified model, we also identify key remaining questions and suggest how experimental systems that are built around isolated primarily expressed proteins could be useful.
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9
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Vásquez-Trincado C, Patel M, Sivaramakrishnan A, Bekeová C, Anderson-Pullinger L, Wang N, Tang HY, Seifert EL. Adaptation of the heart to Frataxin depletion: Evidence that integrated stress response can predominate over mTORC1 activation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 33:ddab216. [PMID: 34550363 PMCID: PMC11000666 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an inherited disorder caused by depletion of frataxin (FXN), a mitochondrial protein required for iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. Cardiac dysfunction is the main cause of death. Yet pathogenesis, and, more generally, how the heart adapts to FXN loss, remain poorly understood, though are expected to be linked to an energy deficit. We modified a transgenic (TG) mouse model of inducible FXN depletion that permits phenotypic evaluation of the heart at different FXN levels, and focused on substrate-specific bioenergetics and stress signaling. When FXN protein in the TG heart was 17% of normal, bioenergetics and signaling were not different from control. When, 8 weeks later, FXN was ~ 97% depleted in the heart, TG heart mass and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area were less, without evidence of fibrosis or apoptosis. mTORC1 signaling was activated, as was the integrated stress response, evidenced by greater phosphorylation of eIF2α relative to total eIF2α, and decreased protein translation. We interpret these results to suggest that, in TG hearts, an anabolic stimulus was constrained by eIF2α phosphorylation. Cardiac contractility was maintained in the 97%-FXN-depleted hearts, possibly contributed by an unexpected preservation of β-oxidation, though pyruvate oxidation was lower. Bioenergetics alterations were matched by changes in the mitochondrial proteome, including a non-uniform decrease in abundance of ISC-containing proteins. Altogether, these findings suggest that the FXN depleted heart can suppress a major ATP demanding process such as protein translation, which, together with some preservation of β-oxidation, could be adaptive, at least in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Vásquez-Trincado
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Monika Patel
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Aishwarya Sivaramakrishnan
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Carmen Bekeová
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Lauren Anderson-Pullinger
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Nadan Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Erin L Seifert
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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10
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Ketema EB, Lopaschuk GD. Post-translational Acetylation Control of Cardiac Energy Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:723996. [PMID: 34409084 PMCID: PMC8365027 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.723996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations in myocardial energy substrate metabolism are key contributors to the pathogenesis of heart diseases. However, the underlying causes of these metabolic alterations remain poorly understood. Recently, post-translational acetylation-mediated modification of metabolic enzymes has emerged as one of the important regulatory mechanisms for these metabolic changes. Nevertheless, despite the growing reports of a large number of acetylated cardiac mitochondrial proteins involved in energy metabolism, the functional consequences of these acetylation changes and how they correlate to metabolic alterations and myocardial dysfunction are not clearly defined. This review summarizes the evidence for a role of cardiac mitochondrial protein acetylation in altering the function of major metabolic enzymes and myocardial energy metabolism in various cardiovascular disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra B Ketema
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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11
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Sirt3 increases CNPase enzymatic activity through deacetylation and facilitating substrate accessibility. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 571:181-187. [PMID: 34330062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) metabolizes a nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate to a nucleoside 2'-phosphate. Recently, the roles of CNPase in the pathophysiological processes of heart failure have emerged. The mitochondrial acylome subjected to SIRT3 regulation give us comprehensive understanding of acylation modifications to a vast array of protein targets, and the list of acetylated mitochondrial proteins is still growing. However, it remains elusive whether CNPase is subjected to the regulation of acetylation and deacetylation, and the effects of which on CNPase enzymatic activity are still unknown. In this study, the mitochondrial distribution of CNPase was identified by immunofluorescence and cytosol/mitochondria fractioning. The immunofluorescence staining pattern of CNPase and Sirt3 overlapped on the same focal plane. Moreover, Sirt3 associates directly with CNPase, and the CNPase enzymatic activity was subjected to Sirt3 activity. Then biochemical methods using acetic anhydride was employed to acetylate the CNPase proteins, the enzymatic activity of CNPase decreased. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation coupled mass spectrometry identifies K196, K379, K128 as the main acetylation sites. Molecular dynamic simulation shows that acetylation modification suppressed the CNPase enzymatic activity through decreasing the opening probability of the binding pocket and restricting substrate accessibility. Together with these findings, this study reveals a molecular mechanism underlying Sirt3 regulating CNPase enzymatic activity, and suggests that targeting CNPase's post-translational modifications represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
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12
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Chiang S, Kalinowski DS, Dharmasivam M, Braidy N, Richardson DR, Huang MLH. The potential of the novel NAD + supplementing agent, SNH6, as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Friedreich's ataxia. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104680. [PMID: 32032665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is due to deficiency of the mitochondrial protein, frataxin, which results in multiple pathologies including a deadly, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Frataxin loss leads to deleterious accumulations of redox-active, mitochondrial iron, and suppressed mitochondrial bioenergetics. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop innovative pharmaceuticals. Herein, the activity of the novel compound, 6-methoxy-2-salicylaldehyde nicotinoyl hydrazone (SNH6), was assessed in vivo using the well-characterized muscle creatine kinase (MCK) conditional frataxin knockout (KO) mouse model of FA. The design of SNH6 incorporated a dual-mechanism mediating: (1) NAD+-supplementation to restore cardiac bioenergetics; and (2) iron chelation to remove toxic mitochondrial iron. In these studies, MCK wild-type (WT) and KO mice were treated for 4-weeks from the asymptomatic age of 4.5-weeks to 8.5-weeks of age, where the mouse displays an overt cardiomyopathy. SNH6-treatment significantly elevated NAD+ and markedly increased NAD+ consumption in WT and KO hearts. In SNH6-treated KO mice, nuclear Sirt1 activity was also significantly increased together with the NAD+-metabolic product, nicotinamide (NAM). Therefore, NAD+-supplementation by SNH6 aided mitochondrial function and cardiac bioenergetics. SNH6 also chelated iron in cultured cardiac cells and also removed iron-loading in vivo from the MCK KO heart. Despite its dual beneficial properties of supplementing NAD+ and chelating iron, SNH6 did not mitigate cardiomyopathy development in the MCK KO mouse. Collectively, SNH6 is an innovative therapeutic with marked pharmacological efficacy, which successfully enhanced cardiac NAD+ and nuclear Sirt1 activity and reduced cardiac iron-loading in MCK KO mice. No other pharmaceutical yet designed exhibits both these effective pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Chiang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Michael L H Huang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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13
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Turchi R, Tortolici F, Guidobaldi G, Iacovelli F, Falconi M, Rufini S, Faraonio R, Casagrande V, Federici M, De Angelis L, Carotti S, Francesconi M, Zingariello M, Morini S, Bernardini R, Mattei M, La Rosa P, Piemonte F, Lettieri-Barbato D, Aquilano K. Frataxin deficiency induces lipid accumulation and affects thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:51. [PMID: 31974344 PMCID: PMC6978516 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Decreased expression of mitochondrial frataxin (FXN) causes Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), a neurodegenerative disease with type 2 diabetes (T2D) as severe comorbidity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a mitochondria-enriched and anti-diabetic tissue that turns excess energy into heat to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Here we report that the FXN knock-in/knock-out (KIKO) mouse shows hyperlipidemia, reduced energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity, and elevated plasma leptin, recapitulating T2D-like signatures. FXN deficiency leads to disrupted mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxygen consumption as well as lipid accumulation in BAT. Transcriptomic data highlights cold intolerance in association with iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis). Impaired PKA-mediated lipolysis and expression of genes controlling mitochondrial metabolism, lipid catabolism and adipogenesis were observed in BAT of KIKO mice as well as in FXN-deficient T37i brown and primary adipocytes. Significant susceptibility to ferroptosis was observed in adipocyte precursors that showed increased lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4. Collectively our data point to BAT dysfunction in FRDA and suggest BAT as promising therapeutic target to overcome T2D in FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Turchi
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Tortolici
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Guidobaldi
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Iacovelli
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Falconi
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Rufini
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Faraonio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana Casagrande
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo De Angelis
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carotti
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Francesconi
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Zingariello
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Morini
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernardini
- Interdepartmental Service Center-Station for Animal Technology (STA), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mattei
- Interdepartmental Service Center-Station for Animal Technology (STA), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio La Rosa
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Piemonte
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Sacchetto C, Sequeira V, Bertero E, Dudek J, Maack C, Calore M. Metabolic Alterations in Inherited Cardiomyopathies. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E2195. [PMID: 31842377 PMCID: PMC6947282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal function of the heart relies on a series of complex metabolic processes orchestrating the proper generation and use of energy. In this context, mitochondria serve a crucial role as a platform for energy transduction by supplying ATP to the varying demand of cardiomyocytes, involving an intricate network of pathways regulating the metabolic flux of substrates. The failure of these processes results in structural and functional deficiencies of the cardiac muscle, including inherited cardiomyopathies. These genetic diseases are characterized by cardiac structural and functional anomalies in the absence of abnormal conditions that can explain the observed myocardial abnormality, and are frequently associated with heart failure. Since their original description, major advances have been achieved in the genetic and phenotype knowledge, highlighting the involvement of metabolic abnormalities in their pathogenesis. This review provides a brief overview of the role of mitochondria in the energy metabolism in the heart and focuses on metabolic abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and storage diseases associated with inherited cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sacchetto
- IMAiA—Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Health, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Science, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 9708 Würzburg, Germany; (V.S.); (E.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Martina Calore
- IMAiA—Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Health, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Lai JI, Nachun D, Petrosyan L, Throesch B, Campau E, Gao F, Baldwin KK, Coppola G, Gottesfeld JM, Soragni E. Transcriptional profiling of isogenic Friedreich ataxia neurons and effect of an HDAC inhibitor on disease signatures. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:1846-1859. [PMID: 30552117 PMCID: PMC6369281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by transcriptional silencing of the frataxin (FXN) gene, resulting in loss of the essential mitochondrial protein frataxin. Based on the knowledge that a GAA·TTC repeat expansion in the first intron of FXN induces heterochromatin, we previously showed that 2-aminobenzamide-type histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) increase FXN mRNA levels in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived FRDA neurons and in circulating lymphocytes from patients after HDACi oral administration. How the reduced expression of frataxin leads to neurological and other systemic symptoms in FRDA patients remains unclear. Similar to other triplet-repeat disorders, it is unknown why FRDA affects only specific cell types, primarily the large sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and cardiomyocytes. The combination of iPSC technology and genome-editing techniques offers the unique possibility to address these questions in a relevant cell model of FRDA, obviating confounding effects of variable genetic backgrounds. Here, using "scarless" gene-editing methods, we created isogenic iPSC lines that differ only in the length of the GAA·TTC repeats. To uncover the gene expression signatures due to the GAA·TTC repeat expansion in FRDA neuronal cells and the effect of HDACi on these changes, we performed RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis of iPSC-derived central nervous system (CNS) and isogenic sensory neurons. We found that cellular pathways related to neuronal function, regulation of transcription, extracellular matrix organization, and apoptosis are affected by frataxin loss in neurons of the CNS and peripheral nervous system and that these changes are partially restored by HDACi treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-I Lai
- From the Departments of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Daniel Nachun
- the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - Benjamin Throesch
- Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | | | - Fuying Gao
- the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kristin K Baldwin
- Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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16
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Fukushima A, Zhang L, Huqi A, Lam VH, Rawat S, Altamimi T, Wagg CS, Dhaliwal KK, Hornberger LK, Kantor PF, Rebeyka IM, Lopaschuk GD. Acetylation contributes to hypertrophy-caused maturational delay of cardiac energy metabolism. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99239. [PMID: 29769443 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A dramatic increase in cardiac fatty acid oxidation occurs following birth. However, cardiac hypertrophy secondary to congenital heart diseases (CHDs) delays this process, thereby decreasing cardiac energetic capacity and function. Cardiac lysine acetylation is involved in modulating fatty acid oxidation. We thus investigated what effect cardiac hypertrophy has on protein acetylation during maturation. Eighty-four right ventricular biopsies were collected from CHD patients and stratified according to age and the absence (n = 44) or presence of hypertrophy (n = 40). A maturational increase in protein acetylation was evident in nonhypertrophied hearts but not in hypertrophied hearts. The fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes, long-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (βHAD), were hyperacetylated and their activities positively correlated with their acetylation after birth in nonhypertrophied hearts but not hypertrophied hearts. In line with this, decreased cardiac fatty acid oxidation and reduced acetylation of LCAD and βHAD occurred in newborn rabbits subjected to cardiac hypertrophy due to an aortocaval shunt. Silencing the mRNA of general control of amino acid synthesis 5-like protein 1 reduced acetylation of LCAD and βHAD as well as fatty acid oxidation rates in cardiomyocytes. Thus, hypertrophy in CHDs prevents the postnatal increase in myocardial acetylation, resulting in a delayed maturation of cardiac fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Fukushima
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alda Huqi
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Victoria H Lam
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sonia Rawat
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tariq Altamimi
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cory S Wagg
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khushmol K Dhaliwal
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lisa K Hornberger
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul F Kantor
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ivan M Rebeyka
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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