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Kida R, Togari T, Yumoto Y, Ogata Y. The association between workplace social capital and authentic leadership, structural empowerment and forms of communication as antecedent factors in hospital nurses: A cross-sectional multilevel approach. J Nurs Manag 2020; 29:508-517. [PMID: 33030773 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the effects of authentic leadership, structural empowerment and forms of communication as antecedent factors of workplace social capital in nursing. BACKGROUND Enhancing workplace social capital for nurses by management requires identifying antecedent factors of workplace social capital focusing on work environment and relationships between members. METHODS In 2019, self-administered questionnaires were sent to all nurses working on the general wards of two university hospitals in Japan. A multilevel analysis was conducted to evaluate relationships between perceived workplace social capital-the dependent variable-and authentic leadership, structural empowerment and forms of communication-the individual- and ward-level independent variables. RESULTS Data from 463 nurses and 28 nurse managers were analysed (valid response rates = 38.0% and 58.3%, respectively). Their average age was 28.64 years (standard deviation: 7.00), and 93.5% were female. Ward-level authentic leadership and semi-formal communication were found to be significantly related to workplace social capital. CONCLUSION More authentic leadership and communication to promote mutual understanding between members can foster workplace social capital among hospital nurses. These findings can help inform effective workplace training in hospitals. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Workplace social capital can be produced by improved management, environment and communication opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Kida
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Healthcare Systems Management, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,Department of Nursing Administration, Division of Health Science and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Taisuke Togari
- Human Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The Open University of Japan, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Yoshie Yumoto
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Healthcare Systems Management, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yasuko Ogata
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Healthcare Systems Management, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Norikoshi K, Kobayashi T, Tabuchi K, Oriyama S. Development of a relational workplace social capital scale for Japanese nurses. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:40. [PMID: 32787774 PMCID: PMC7424667 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although nurses' workplace social capital for a healthy work environment has received considerable attention, few scales about nurses' workplace social capital are based on the attributes of clinical settings in Japan. This study aims to develop a Relational Workplace Social Capital Scale for Japanese Nurses (RWSCS-JN), which includes bonding, linking, and bridging social capital and assessing its reliability and validity. METHODS We assessed its reliability and validity using questionnaire survey data collected from 309 nurses in the first survey and 105 nurses in the second survey in four hospitals in Japan. First, we determined the number of factors and items for the RWSCS-JN through the parallel and factor analyses after conducting the item analysis. Then, we confirmed the omega coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the RWSCS-JN. Finally, we examined the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient between the RWSCS-JN score and other variables, including an existing measurement of workplace social capital, work engagement, and turnover intention. RESULTS The newly developed RWSCS-JN contained 15 items, comprising three factors as follows: bonding social capital, linking social capital, and bridging social capital. The omega coefficient and the ICC of the RWSCS-JN were 0.90 and 0.85, respectively. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient between the RWSCS-JN and the existing scale of the workplace social capital was 0.88 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient between the RWSCS-JN and work engagement was 0.36 (p < 0.01) and that of the RWSCS-JN and turnover intention was - 0.40 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the RWSCS-JN could be sufficiently useful for a healthy work environment in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Norikoshi
- Faculty of Nursing, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1, Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0112, Japan. .,Doctoral Program in Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Toshio Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ishii Memorial Hospital, 3-102-1, Tada, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi, 741-8585, Japan
| | - Keiji Tabuchi
- Research and Education Faculty, Medical Sciences Cluster, Nursing Science Unit, Kochi University, Okocyokohasu, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Sanae Oriyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Inoue A, Tsutsumi A, Eguchi H, Kachi Y, Shimazu A, Miyaki K, Takahashi M, Kurioka S, Enta K, Kosugi Y, Totsuzaki T, Kawakami N. Workplace social capital and refraining from seeking medical care in Japanese employees: a 1-year prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036910. [PMID: 32747350 PMCID: PMC7401998 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the association of workplace social capital (WSC), including structural and cognitive dimensions, with refraining from seeking medical care (RSMC) among Japanese employees. DESIGN One-year prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We surveyed 8770 employees (6881 men and 1889 women) aged 18-70 years from 12 firms in Japan using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the WSC scale and the items on potential confounders (ie, age, educational attainment and equivalent annual household income) at baseline (from April 2011 to March 2013). OUTCOME MEASURES At a 1-year follow-up, we measured RSMC using a single-item question 'In the past year, have you ever refrained from visiting a hospital, clinic, acupuncturist or dentist despite your sickness (including a slight cold or cavity) or injury?' RESULTS The results of Cox regression with robust variance showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, the low WSC group (ie, the lowest tertile group) had a significantly higher relative risk (RR) of RSMC compared with the high WSC group (ie, the highest tertile group) among both men and women (overall WSC: RR 1.09 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.17) and 1.20 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.37); structural dimension: RR 1.13 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.22) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.45); and cognitive dimension: RR 1.11 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.20) and 1.21 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.38), respectively). Trend analysis using a continuous score of the WSC scale also showed a significant association of low WSC with a higher risk of RSMC among both men and women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the lack of social capital in the workplace is associated with RSMC among Japanese employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiomi Inoue
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisashi Eguchi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Kachi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Koichi Miyaki
- Research Institute of Occupational Mental Health (RIOMH), Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Innovative Research Center for Preventive Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaya Takahashi
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Japan, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sumiko Kurioka
- Faculty of Education, St. Andrew's University of Education, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Enta
- Health Care Center, Central Japan Railway Company, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kosugi
- Kosugi Health Management Office, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takafumi Totsuzaki
- Uchisaiwaicho Medical Center, Mizuho Health Insurance Society, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Eguchi H, Tsutsumi A, Inoue A, Hikichi H, Kawachi I. Association of workplace social capital with psychological distress: results from a longitudinal multilevel analysis of the J-HOPE Study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022569. [PMID: 30580264 PMCID: PMC6318521 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workplace social capital (WSC) is increasingly recognised as a social contextual determinant of workers' mental health, but longitudinal data are sparse. We aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in unit-level WSC on psychological distress among Japanese employees using a prospective multilevel repeated-measures design. PARTICIPANTS AND STUDY DESIGN We conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study with 1,944 men and 786 women aged 18-65 years. Participants worked at two manufacturing worksites in Japan and were free from mental illness from the first to third study waves. We used a three-level multilevel regression design to evaluate the prospective association of unit-level WSC with individual-level psychological distress. WSC was measured using a validated six-item instrument and individual-level psychological distress with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). RESULTS The null model indicated a significant degree of between-work unit variation in psychological distress (intraclass correlation=0.1%, p<0.001). In the full model, each SD increase in unit-level WSC was associated with 0.69 point improvement in K6 scores (95% CI -1.12 to -0.26). CONCLUSIONS This prospective study builds on existing knowledge by showing an association between unit-level WSC and modest improvements in mental health among employees in Japan. We recommend that WSC is considered alongside other contextual influences when assessing employees' mental health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Eguchi
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hikichi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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