1
|
Lin YS, Lange D, Baur DM, Foerges A, Chu C, Li C, Elmenhorst EM, Neumaier B, Bauer A, Aeschbach D, Landolt HP, Elmenhorst D. Repeated caffeine intake suppresses cerebral grey matter responses to chronic sleep restriction in an A 1 adenosine receptor-dependent manner: a double-blind randomized controlled study with PET-MRI. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12724. [PMID: 38830861 PMCID: PMC11148136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence has shown that both sleep loss and daily caffeine intake can induce changes in grey matter (GM). Caffeine is frequently used to combat sleepiness and impaired performance caused by insufficient sleep. It is unclear (1) whether daily use of caffeine could prevent or exacerbate the GM alterations induced by 5-day sleep restriction (i.e. chronic sleep restriction, CSR), and (2) whether the potential impact on GM plasticity depends on individual differences in the availability of adenosine receptors, which are involved in mediating effects of caffeine on sleep and waking function. Thirty-six healthy adults participated in this double-blind, randomized, controlled study (age = 28.9 ± 5.2 y/; F:M = 15:21; habitual level of caffeine intake < 450 mg; 29 homozygous C/C allele carriers of rs5751876 of ADORA2A, an A2A adenosine receptor gene variant). Each participant underwent a 9-day laboratory visit consisting of one adaptation day, 2 baseline days (BL), 5-day sleep restriction (5 h time-in-bed), and a recovery day (REC) after an 8-h sleep opportunity. Nineteen participants received 300 mg caffeine in coffee through the 5 days of CSR (CAFF group), while 17 matched participants received decaffeinated coffee (DECAF group). We examined GM changes on the 2nd BL Day, 5th CSR Day, and REC Day using magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry. Moreover, we used positron emission tomography with [18F]-CPFPX to quantify the baseline availability of A1 adenosine receptors (A1R) and its relation to the GM plasticity. The results from the voxel-wise multimodal whole-brain analysis on the Jacobian-modulated T1-weighted images controlled for variances of cerebral blood flow indicated a significant interaction effect between caffeine and CSR in four brain regions: (a) right temporal-occipital region, (b) right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DmPFC), (c) left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and (d) right thalamus. The post-hoc analyses on the signal intensity of these GM clusters indicated that, compared to BL, GM on the CSR day was increased in the DECAF group in all clusters but decreased in the thalamus, DmPFC, and DLPFC in the CAFF group. Furthermore, lower baseline subcortical A1R availability predicted a larger GM reduction in the CAFF group after CSR of all brain regions except for the thalamus. In conclusion, our data suggest an adaptive GM upregulation after 5-day CSR, while concomitant use of caffeine instead leads to a GM reduction. The lack of consistent association with individual A1R availability may suggest that CSR and caffeine affect thalamic GM plasticity predominantly by a different mechanism. Future studies on the role of adenosine A2A receptors in CSR-induced GM plasticity are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shiuan Lin
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Wilhelm Kleinstr. 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Athinoula. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachussetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Denise Lange
- Department of Sleep and Human Factors, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Diego Manuel Baur
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Sleep & Health Zurich, University Center of Competence, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Foerges
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428, Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Zoology (Bio-II), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Congying Chu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428, Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Changhong Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428, Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Elmenhorst
- Department of Sleep and Human Factors, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428, Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Daniel Aeschbach
- Department of Sleep and Human Factors, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Landolt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Sleep & Health Zurich, University Center of Competence, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Elmenhorst
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428, Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
- Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zaretskaya N, Fink E, Arsenovic A, Ischebeck A. Fast and functionally specific cortical thickness changes induced by visual stimulation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2823-2837. [PMID: 35780393 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural characteristics of the human brain serve as important markers of brain development, aging, disease progression, and neural plasticity. They are considered stable properties, changing slowly over time. Multiple recent studies reported that structural brain changes measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may occur much faster than previously thought, within hours or even minutes. The mechanisms behind such fast changes remain unclear, with hemodynamics as one possible explanation. Here we investigated the functional specificity of cortical thickness changes induced by a flickering checkerboard and compared them to blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI activity. We found that checkerboard stimulation led to a significant thickness increase, which was driven by an expansion at the gray-white matter boundary, functionally specific to V1, confined to the retinotopic representation of the checkerboard stimulus, and amounted to 1.3% or 0.022 mm. Although functional specificity and the effect size of these changes were comparable to those of the BOLD signal in V1, thickness effects were substantially weaker in V3. Furthermore, a comparison of predicted and measured thickness changes for different stimulus timings suggested a slow increase of thickness over time, speaking against a hemodynamic explanation. Altogether, our findings suggest that visual stimulation can induce structural gray matter enlargement measurable with MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zaretskaya
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Erik Fink
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Arsenovic
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anja Ischebeck
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Uhlig M, Reinelt JD, Lauckner ME, Kumral D, Schaare HL, Mildner T, Babayan A, Möller HE, Engert V, Villringer A, Gaebler M. Rapid volumetric brain changes after acute psychosocial stress. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119760. [PMID: 36427754 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important trigger for brain plasticity: Acute stress can rapidly affect brain activity and functional connectivity, and chronic or pathological stress has been associated with structural brain changes. Measures of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be modified by short-term motor learning or visual stimulation, suggesting that they also capture rapid brain changes. Here, we investigated volumetric brain changes (together with changes in T1 relaxation rate and cerebral blood flow) after acute stress in humans as well as their relation to psychophysiological stress measures. Sixty-seven healthy men (25.8±2.7 years) completed a standardized psychosocial laboratory stressor (Trier Social Stress Test) or a control version while blood, saliva, heart rate, and psychometrics were sampled. Structural MRI (T1 mapping / MP2RAGE sequence) at 3T was acquired 45 min before and 90 min after intervention onset. Grey matter volume (GMV) changes were analysed using voxel-based morphometry. Associations with endocrine, autonomic, and subjective stress measures were tested with linear models. We found significant group-by-time interactions in several brain clusters including anterior/mid-cingulate cortices and bilateral insula: GMV was increased in the stress group relative to the control group, in which several clusters showed a GMV decrease. We found a significant group-by-time interaction for cerebral blood flow, and a main effect of time for T1 values (longitudinal relaxation time). In addition, GMV changes were significantly associated with state anxiety and heart rate variability changes. Such rapid GMV changes assessed with VBM may be induced by local tissue adaptations to changes in energy demand following neural activity. Our findings suggest that endogenous brain changes are counteracted by acute psychosocial stress, which emphasizes the importance of considering homeodynamic processes and generally highlights the influence of stress on the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Uhlig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Janis D Reinelt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mark E Lauckner
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Independent Research Group "Adaptive Memory", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Medical Faculty of Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Neuropsychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - H Lina Schaare
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Otto Hahn Group "Cognitive Neurogenetics", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Toralf Mildner
- NMR Methods & Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anahit Babayan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, German
| | - Harald E Möller
- NMR Methods & Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Veronika Engert
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Independent Research Group "Social Stress and Family Health", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, German
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, German
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou L, Li X, Su B. Spatial Regulation Control of Oxygen Metabolic Consumption in Mouse Brain. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204468. [PMID: 36257822 PMCID: PMC9731700 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian brain relies on significant oxygen metabolic consumption to fulfill energy supply, brain function, and neural activity. In this study, in vivo electrochemistry is combined with physiological and ethological analyses to explore oxygen metabolic consumption in an area of the mouse brain that includes parts of the primary somatosensory cortex, primary motor cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. The oxygen levels at different locations of this boundary section are spatially resolved by measuring the electrical current in vivo using ingeniously designed anti-biofouling carbon fiber microelectrodes. The characteristics of the current signals are further interpreted by simultaneously recording the physiological responses of the mice. Additionally, ethological tests are performed to validate the correlation between oxygen levels and mouse behavior. It is found that high-dose caffeine injection can evoke spatial variability in oxygen metabolic consumption between the four neighboring brain regions. It is proposed that the oxygen metabolic consumption in different brain regions is not independent of each other but is subject to spatial regulation control following the rules of "rank of brain region" and "relative distance." Furthermore, as revealed by in vivo wireless electrochemistry and ethological analysis, mice are at risk of neuronal damage from long-term intake of high-dose caffeine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Xinru Li
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rode J, Edebol Carlman HMT, König J, Hutchinson AN, Thunberg P, Persson J, Brummer RJ. Multi-Strain Probiotic Mixture Affects Brain Morphology and Resting State Brain Function in Healthy Subjects: An RCT. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182922. [PMID: 36139496 PMCID: PMC9496704 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can alter brain function via the gut–brain axis. We investigated the effect of a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover design, 22 healthy subjects (6 m/16 f; 24.2 ± 3.4 years) underwent four-week intervention periods with probiotics and placebo, separated by a four-week washout period. Voxel-based morphometry indicated that the probiotic intervention affected the gray matter volume of a cluster covering the left supramarginal gyrus and superior parietal lobule (p < 0.0001), two regions that were also among those with an altered resting state functional connectivity. Probiotic intervention resulted in significant (FDR < 0.05) functional connectivity changes between regions within the default mode, salience, frontoparietal as well as the language network and several regions located outside these networks. Psychological symptoms trended towards improvement after probiotic intervention, i.e., the total score of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (p = 0.056) and its depression sub-score (p = 0.093), as well as sleep patterns (p = 0.058). The probiotic intervention evoked distinct changes in brain morphology and resting state brain function alongside slight improvements of psycho(bio)logical markers of the gut–brain axis. The combination of those parameters may provide new insights into the modes of action by which gut microbiota can affect gut–brain communication and hence brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rode
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Hanna M. T. Edebol Carlman
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Julia König
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ashley N. Hutchinson
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Per Thunberg
- Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jonas Persson
- Center for Lifespan Developmental Research (LEADER), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Robert J. Brummer
- Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hafiz R, Gandhi TK, Mishra S, Prasad A, Mahajan V, Di X, Natelson BH, Biswal BB. Higher limbic and basal ganglia volumes in surviving COVID-negative patients and the relations to fatigue. NEUROIMAGE. REPORTS 2022; 2:100095. [PMID: 35496469 PMCID: PMC9040524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Among systemic abnormalities caused by the novel coronavirus, little is known about the critical attack on the central nervous system (CNS). Few studies have shown cerebrovascular pathologies that indicate CNS involvement in acute patients. However, replication studies are necessary to verify if these effects persist in COVID-19 survivors more conclusively. Furthermore, recent studies indicate fatigue is highly prevalent among 'long-COVID' patients. How morphometry in each group relate to work-related fatigue need to be investigated. Method COVID survivors were MRI scanned two weeks after hospital discharge. We hypothesized, these survivors will demonstrate altered gray matter volume (GMV) and experience higher fatigue levels when compared to healthy controls, leading to stronger correlation of GMV with fatigue. Voxel-based morphometry was performed on T1-weighted MRI images between 46 survivors and 30 controls. Unpaired two-sample t-test and multiple linear regression were performed to observe group differences and correlation of fatigue with GMV. Results The COVID group experienced significantly higher fatigue levels and GMV of this group was significantly higher within the Limbic System and Basal Ganglia when compared to healthy controls. Moreover, while a significant positive correlation was observed across the whole group between GMV and self-reported fatigue, COVID subjects showed stronger effects within the Posterior Cingulate, Precuneus and Superior Parietal Lobule. Conclusion Brain regions with GMV alterations in our analysis align with both single case acute patient reports and current group level neuroimaging findings. We also newly report a stronger positive correlation of GMV with fatigue among COVID survivors within brain regions associated with fatigue, indicating a link between structural abnormality and brain function in this cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakibul Hafiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Tapan Kumar Gandhi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Block II, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sapna Mishra
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Block II, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Alok Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Irene Hospital & Senior Consultant Medicine, Metro Heart and Super-specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidur Mahajan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Imaging, Neuroscience & Genomics, Mahajan Imaging, New Delhi, India
| | - Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Benjamin H Natelson
- Pain & Fatigue Study Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mount Sinai Hospital, 5 East 98th Street, 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bharat B Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hafiz R, Gandhi TK, Mishra S, Prasad A, Mahajan V, Di X, Natelson BH, Biswal BB. Higher Limbic and Basal Ganglia volumes in surviving COVID-negative patients and the relations to fatigue. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [PMID: 34845462 DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.08.22281807v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among systemic abnormalities caused by the novel coronavirus, little is known about the critical attack on the central nervous system (CNS). Few studies have shown cerebrovascular pathologies that indicate CNS involvement in acute patients. However, replication studies are necessary to verify if these effects persist in COVID-19 survivors more conclusively. Furthermore, recent studies indicate fatigue is highly prevalent among 'long-COVID' patients. How morphometry in each group relate to work-related fatigue need to be investigated. METHOD COVID survivors were MRI scanned two weeks after hospital discharge. We hypothesized, these survivors will demonstrate altered gray matter volume (GMV) and experience higher fatigue levels when compared to healthy controls, leading to stronger correlation of GMV with fatigue. Voxel-based morphometry was performed on T1-weighted MRI images between 46 survivors and 30 controls. Unpaired two-sample t-test and multiple linear regression were performed to observe group differences and correlation of fatigue with GMV. RESULTS The COVID group experienced significantly higher fatigue levels and GMV of this group was significantly higher within the Limbic System and Basal Ganglia when compared to healthy controls. Moreover, while a significant positive correlation was observed across the whole group between GMV and self-reported fatigue, COVID subjects showed stronger effects within the Posterior Cingulate, Precuneus and Superior Parietal Lobule . CONCLUSION Brain regions with GMV alterations in our analysis align with both single case acute patient reports and current group level neuroimaging findings. We also newly report a stronger positive correlation of GMV with fatigue among COVID survivors within brain regions associated with fatigue, indicating a link between structural abnormality and brain function in this cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakibul Hafiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Tapan Kumar Gandhi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Block II, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sapna Mishra
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Block II, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Alok Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Irene Hospital & Senior Consultant Medicine, Metro Heart and Super-specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidur Mahajan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Imaging, Neuroscience & Genomics, Mahajan Imaging, New Delhi, India
| | - Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Benjamin H Natelson
- Director, Pain & Fatigue Study Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mount Sinai Hospital, 5 East 98th Street, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10029
| | - Bharat B Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Olivo G, Lövdén M, Manzouri A, Terlau L, Jenner B, Jafari A, Petersson S, Li TQ, Fischer H, Månsson KNT. Estimated Gray Matter Volume Rapidly Changes after a Short Motor Task. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4356-4369. [PMID: 35136959 PMCID: PMC9528898 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skill learning induces changes in estimates of gray matter volume (GMV) in the human brain, commonly detectable with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Rapid changes in GMV estimates while executing tasks may however confound between- and within-subject differences. Fluctuations in arterial blood flow are proposed to underlie this apparent task-related tissue plasticity. To test this hypothesis, we acquired multiple repetitions of structural T1-weighted and functional blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI measurements from 51 subjects performing a finger-tapping task (FTT; á 2 min) repeatedly for 30-60 min. Estimated GMV was decreased in motor regions during FTT compared with rest. Motor-related BOLD signal changes did not overlap nor correlate with GMV changes. Nearly simultaneous BOLD signals cannot fully explain task-induced changes in T1-weighted images. These sensitive and behavior-related GMV changes pose serious questions to reproducibility across studies, and morphological investigations during skill learning can also open new avenues on how to study rapid brain plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Olivo
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amirhossein Manzouri
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-11364, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Terlau
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, D-14195, Berlin, London
| | - Bo Jenner
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-11364, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arian Jafari
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-11364, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Petersson
- Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge S-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14152, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tie-Qiang Li
- Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge S-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14152, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm University Brain Imaging Centre, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-11364, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, US-03755, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schulz J, Zimmermann J, Sorg C, Menegaux A, Brandl F. Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia - A scoping review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:925476. [PMID: 36203848 PMCID: PMC9530597 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, aberrant dopamine transmission has been proposed to play a central role in schizophrenia pathophysiology. These theories are supported by human in vivo molecular imaging studies of dopamine transmission, particularly positron emission tomography. However, there are several downsides to such approaches, for example limited spatial resolution or restriction of the measurement to synaptic processes of dopaminergic neurons. To overcome these limitations and to measure complementary aspects of dopamine transmission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based approaches investigating the macrostructure, metabolism, and connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei, i.e., substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, can be employed. In this scoping review, we focus on four dopamine MRI methods that have been employed in patients with schizophrenia so far: neuromelanin MRI, which is thought to measure long-term dopamine function in dopaminergic nuclei; morphometric MRI, which is assumed to measure the volume of dopaminergic nuclei; diffusion MRI, which is assumed to measure fiber-based structural connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei; and resting-state blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI, which is thought to measure functional connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei based on correlated blood oxygenation fluctuations. For each method, we describe the underlying signal, outcome measures, and downsides. We present the current state of research in schizophrenia and compare it to other disorders with either similar (psychotic) symptoms, i.e., bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, or dopaminergic abnormalities, i.e., substance use disorder and Parkinson's disease. Finally, we discuss overarching issues and outline future research questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schulz
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliana Zimmermann
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurore Menegaux
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Brandl
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hafiz R, Gandhi TK, Mishra S, Prasad A, Mahajan V, Di X, Natelson BH, Biswal BB. Higher Limbic and Basal Ganglia volumes in surviving COVID-negative patients and the relations to fatigue.. [PMID: 34845462 PMCID: PMC8629206 DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.23.21266761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Among systemic abnormalities caused by the novel coronavirus, little is known about the critical attack on the central nervous system (CNS). Few studies have shown cerebrovascular pathologies that indicate CNS involvement in acute patients. However, replication studies are necessary to verify if these effects persist in COVID-19 survivors more conclusively. Furthermore, recent studies indicate fatigue is highly prevalent among ‘long-COVID’ patients. How morphometry in each group relate to work-related fatigue need to be investigated. Method: COVID survivors were MRI scanned two weeks after hospital discharge. We hypothesized, these survivors will demonstrate altered gray matter volume (GMV) and experience higher fatigue levels when compared to healthy controls, leading to stronger correlation of GMV with fatigue. Voxel-based morphometry was performed on T1-weighted MRI images between 46 survivors and 30 controls. Unpaired two-sample t-test and multiple linear regression were performed to observe group differences and correlation of fatigue with GMV. Results: The COVID group experienced significantly higher fatigue levels and GMV of this group was significantly higher within the Limbic System and Basal Ganglia when compared to healthy controls. Moreover, while a significant positive correlation was observed across the whole group between GMV and self-reported fatigue, COVID subjects showed stronger effects within the Posterior Cingulate, Precuneus and Superior Parietal Lobule. Conclusion: Brain regions with GMV alterations in our analysis align with both single case acute patient reports and current group level neuroimaging findings. We also newly report a stronger positive correlation of GMV with fatigue among COVID survivors within brain regions associated with fatigue, indicating a link between structural abnormality and brain function in this cohort.
Collapse
|
11
|
Broessner G, Ellerbrock I, Menz MM, Frank F, Verius M, Gaser C, May A. Repetitive T1 Imaging Influences Gray Matter Volume Estimations in Structural Brain Imaging. Front Neurol 2021; 12:755749. [PMID: 34777226 PMCID: PMC8581175 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.755749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a widely used tool for studying structural patterns of brain plasticity, brain development and disease. The source of the T1-signal changes is not understood. Most of these changes are discussed to represent loss or possibly gain of brain gray matter and recent publications speculate also about non-structural changes affecting T1-signal. We investigated the potential of pain stimulation to ultra-short-term alter gray matter signal changes in pain relevant brain regions in healthy volunteers using a longitudinal design. Immediately following regional nociceptive input, we detected significant gray matter volume (GMV) changes in central pain processing areas, i.e. anterior cingulate and insula cortex. However, similar results were observed in a control group using the identical time intervals but without nociceptive painful input. These GMV changes could be reproduced in almost 100 scanning sessions enrolling 72 healthy individuals comprising repetitive magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) sequences. These data suggest that short-term longitudinal repetitive MPRAGE may produce significant GMV changes without any intervention. Future studies investigating brain plasticity should focus and specifically report a consistent timing at which time-point during the experiment the T1-weighted scan is conducted. There is a necessity of a control group for longitudinal imaging studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Broessner
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Ellerbrock
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mareike M Menz
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Frank
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Verius
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Gaser
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Arne May
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Olivo G, Nilsson J, Garzón B, Lebedev A, Wåhlin A, Tarassova O, Ekblom MM, Lövdén M. Higher VO 2max is associated with thicker cortex and lower grey matter blood flow in older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16724. [PMID: 34408221 PMCID: PMC8373929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
VO2max (maximal oxygen consumption), a validated measure of aerobic fitness, has been associated with better cerebral artery compliance and measures of brain morphology, such as higher cortical thickness (CT) in frontal, temporal and cingular cortices, and larger grey matter volume (GMV) of the middle temporal gyrus, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex and cingulate cortex. Single sessions of physical exercise can promptly enhance cognitive performance and brain activity during executive tasks. However, the immediate effects of exercise on macro-scale properties of the brain’s grey matter remain unclear. We investigated the impact of one session of moderate-intensity physical exercise, compared with rest, on grey matter volume, cortical thickness, working memory performance, and task-related brain activity in older adults. Cross-sectional associations between brain measures and VO2max were also tested. Exercise did not induce statistically significant changes in brain activity, grey matter volume, or cortical thickness. Cardiovascular fitness, measured by VO2max, was associated with lower grey matter blood flow in the left hippocampus and thicker cortex in the left superior temporal gyrus. Cortical thickness was reduced at post-test independent of exercise/rest. Our findings support that (1) fitter individuals may need lower grey matter blood flow to meet metabolic oxygen demand, and (2) have thicker cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Olivo
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Haraldsgatan 1, 413 14, Göteborg, Sweden. .,Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jonna Nilsson
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamín Garzón
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Haraldsgatan 1, 413 14, Göteborg, Sweden.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Lebedev
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olga Tarassova
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria M Ekblom
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockhom, Sweden
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Haraldsgatan 1, 413 14, Göteborg, Sweden.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tsvetanov KA, Henson RNA, Jones PS, Mutsaerts H, Fuhrmann D, Tyler LK, Rowe JB. The effects of age on resting-state BOLD signal variability is explained by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular factors. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13714. [PMID: 33210312 PMCID: PMC8244027 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accurate identification of brain function is necessary to understand neurocognitive aging, and thereby promote health and well-being. Many studies of neurocognitive aging have investigated brain function with the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, the BOLD signal is a composite of neural and vascular signals, which are differentially affected by aging. It is, therefore, essential to distinguish the age effects on vascular versus neural function. The BOLD signal variability at rest (known as resting state fluctuation amplitude, RSFA), is a safe, scalable, and robust means to calibrate vascular responsivity, as an alternative to breath-holding and hypercapnia. However, the use of RSFA for normalization of BOLD imaging assumes that age differences in RSFA reflecting only vascular factors, rather than age-related differences in neural function (activity) or neuronal loss (atrophy). Previous studies indicate that two vascular factors, cardiovascular health (CVH) and cerebrovascular function, are insufficient when used alone to fully explain age-related differences in RSFA. It remains possible that their joint consideration is required to fully capture age differences in RSFA. We tested the hypothesis that RSFA no longer varies with age after adjusting for a combination of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular measures. We also tested the hypothesis that RSFA variation with age is not associated with atrophy. We used data from the population-based, lifespan Cam-CAN cohort. After controlling for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular estimates alone, the residual variance in RSFA across individuals was significantly associated with age. However, when controlling for both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular estimates, the variance in RSFA was no longer associated with age. Grey matter volumes did not explain age differences in RSFA, after controlling for CVH. The results were consistent between voxel-level analysis and independent component analysis. Our findings indicate that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular signals are together sufficient predictors of age differences in RSFA. We suggest that RSFA can be used to separate vascular from neuronal factors, to characterize neurocognitive aging. We discuss the implications and make recommendations for the use of RSFA in the research of aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamen A. Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyCentre for Speech, Language and the BrainUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Richard N. A. Henson
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - P. Simon Jones
- Department of PsychologyCentre for Speech, Language and the BrainUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Henk Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Delia Fuhrmann
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitCambridgeUK
| | - Lorraine K. Tyler
- Department of PsychologyCentre for Speech, Language and the BrainUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Cam‐CAN
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyCentre for Speech, Language and the BrainUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Månsson KNT, Cortes DS, Manzouri A, Li TQ, Hau S, Fischer H. Viewing Pictures Triggers Rapid Morphological Enlargement in the Human Visual Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:851-857. [PMID: 31408088 PMCID: PMC7132946 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring brain morphology with non-invasive structural magnetic resonance imaging is common practice, and can be used to investigate neuroplasticity. Brain morphology changes have been reported over the course of weeks, days, and hours in both animals and humans. If such short-term changes occur even faster, rapid morphological changes while being scanned could have important implications. In a randomized within-subject study on 47 healthy individuals, two high-resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired (á 263 s) per individual. The images were acquired during passive viewing of pictures or a fixation cross. Two common pipelines for analyzing brain images were used: voxel-based morphometry on gray matter (GM) volume and surface-based cortical thickness. We found that the measures of both GM volume and cortical thickness showed increases in the visual cortex while viewing pictures relative to a fixation cross. The increase was distributed across the two hemispheres and significant at a corrected level. Thus, brain morphology enlargements were detected in less than 263 s. Neuroplasticity is a far more dynamic process than previously shown, suggesting that individuals’ current mental state affects indices of brain morphology. This needs to be taken into account in future morphology studies and in everyday clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, SE-75142 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Diana S Cortes
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amir Manzouri
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tie-Qiang Li
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Functional Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, C2-76, Karolinska University Hospital, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Hau
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin YS, Weibel J, Landolt HP, Santini F, Meyer M, Brunmair J, Meier-Menches SM, Gerner C, Borgwardt S, Cajochen C, Reichert C. Daily Caffeine Intake Induces Concentration-Dependent Medial Temporal Plasticity in Humans: A Multimodal Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3096-3106. [PMID: 33585896 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is commonly used to combat high sleep pressure on a daily basis. However, interference with sleep-wake regulation could disturb neural homeostasis and insufficient sleep could lead to alterations in human gray matter. Hence, in this double-blind, randomized, cross-over study, we examined the impact of 10-day caffeine (3 × 150 mg/day) on human gray matter volumes (GMVs) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) by fMRI MP-RAGE and arterial spin-labeling sequences in 20 habitual caffeine consumers, compared with 10-day placebo (3 × 150 mg/day). Sleep pressure was quantified by electroencephalographic slow-wave activity (SWA) in the previous nighttime sleep. Nonparametric voxel-based analyses revealed a significant reduction in GMV in the medial temporal lobe (mTL) after 10 days of caffeine intake compared with 10 days of placebo, voxel-wisely adjusted for CBF considering the decreased perfusion after caffeine intake compared with placebo. Larger GMV reductions were associated with higher individual concentrations of caffeine and paraxanthine. Sleep SWA was, however, neither different between conditions nor associated with caffeine-induced GMV reductions. Therefore, the data do not suggest a link between sleep depth during daily caffeine intake and changes in brain morphology. In conclusion, daily caffeine intake might induce neural plasticity in the mTL depending on individual metabolic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shiuan Lin
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,Transfaculty Research Platform, Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.,Neuropsychiatry and Brain Imaging, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janine Weibel
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,Transfaculty Research Platform, Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Peter Landolt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.,Sleep & Health Zurich, University Center of Competence, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santini
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,Transfaculty Research Platform, Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.,Clinical Sleep Laboratory, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Brunmair
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna A, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna A, Austria.,Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna A, Austria
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Neuropsychiatry and Brain Imaging, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,Transfaculty Research Platform, Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolin Reichert
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,Transfaculty Research Platform, Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A Multi-Modal MRI Analysis of Cortical Structure in Relation to Gender Dysphoria, Sexual Orientation, and Age in Adolescents. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020345. [PMID: 33477567 PMCID: PMC7831120 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gender dysphoria (GD) is characterized by distress due to an incongruence between experienced gender and sex assigned at birth. Sex-differentiated brain regions are hypothesized to reflect the experienced gender in GD and may play a role in sexual orientation development. Magnetic resonance brain images were acquired from 16 GD adolescents assigned female at birth (AFAB) not receiving hormone therapy, 17 cisgender girls, and 14 cisgender boys (ages 12–17 years) to examine three morphological and microstructural gray matter features in 76 brain regions: surface area (SA), cortical thickness (CT), and T1 relaxation time. Sexual orientation was represented by degree of androphilia-gynephilia and sexual attraction strength. Multivariate analyses found that cisgender boys had larger SA than cisgender girls and GD AFAB. Shorter T1, reflecting denser, macromolecule-rich tissue, correlated with older age and stronger gynephilia in cisgender boys and GD AFAB, and with stronger attractions in cisgender boys. Thus, cortical morphometry (mainly SA) was related to sex assigned at birth, but not experienced gender. Effects of experienced gender were found as similarities in correlation patterns in GD AFAB and cisgender boys in age and sexual orientation (mainly T1), indicating the need to consider developmental trajectories and sexual orientation in brain studies of GD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Camargo A, Wang Z. Longitudinal Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Normal Aging and the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum Identified by Arterial Spin Labeling MRI. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:1727-1735. [PMID: 33967053 PMCID: PMC8217256 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have shown lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but longitudinal CBF changes in AD are still unknown. OBJECTIVE To reveal the longitudinal CBF changes in normal control (NC) and the AD continuum using arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL MRI). METHODS CBF was calculated from two longitudinal ASL scans acquired 2.22±1.43 years apart from 140 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). At the baseline scan, the cohort contained 41 NC, 74 mild cognitive impairment patients (MCI), and 25 AD patients. 21 NC converted into MCI and 17 MCI converted into AD at the follow-up. Longitudinal CBF changes were assessed using paired-t test for non-converters and converters separately at each voxel and in the meta-ROI. Age and sex were used as covariates. RESULTS CBF reductions were observed in all subjects. Stable NC (n = 20) showed CBF reduction in the hippocampus and precuneus. Stable MCI patients (n = 57) showed spatially more extended CBF reduction patterns in hippocampus, middle temporal lobe, ventral striatum, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. NC-MCI converters showed CBF reduction in hippocampus and cerebellum and CBF increase in caudate. MCI-AD converters showed CBF reduction in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. CBF changes were not related with longitudinal neurocognitive changes. CONCLUSION Normal aging and AD continuum showed common longitudinal CBF reductions in hippocampus independent of disease and its conversion. Disease conversion independent longitudinal CBF reductions escalated in MCI subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Camargo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yuan JP, Connolly CG, Henje E, Sugrue LP, Yang TT, Xu D, Tymofiyeva O. Gray Matter Changes in Adolescents Participating in a Meditation Training. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:319. [PMID: 32922278 PMCID: PMC7456888 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Meditation has shown to benefit a wide range of conditions and symptoms, but the neural mechanisms underlying the practice remain unclear. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have investigated the structural brain changes due to the practice by examining volume, density, or cortical thickness changes. However, these studies have focused on adults; meditation’s structural effects on the adolescent brain remain understudied. In this study, we investigated how meditation training affects the structure of the adolescent brain by scanning a group of 38 adolescents (16.48 ± 1.29 years) before and after participating in a 12-week meditation training. Subjects underwent Training for Awareness, Resilience, and Action (TARA), a program that mainly incorporates elements from mindfulness meditation and yoga-based practices. A subset of the adolescents also received an additional control scan 12 weeks before TARA. We conducted voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to assess gray matter volume changes pre- to post-training and during the control period. Subjects showed significant gray matter (GM) volume decreases in the left posterior insula and to a lesser extent in the left thalamus and left putamen after meditation training. There were no significant changes during the control period. Our results support previous findings that meditation affects regions associated with physical and emotional awareness. However, our results are different from previous morphometric studies in which meditation was associated with structural increases. We posit that this discrepancy may be due to the differences between the adolescent brain and the adult brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Yuan
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Colm G Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Eva Henje
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Clinical Science/Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leo P Sugrue
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tony T Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Effects of daily L-dopa administration on learning and brain structure in older adults undergoing cognitive training: a randomised clinical trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5227. [PMID: 32251360 PMCID: PMC7090037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62172-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive aging creates major individual and societal burden, motivating search for treatment and preventive care strategies. Behavioural interventions can improve cognitive performance in older age, but effects are small. Basic research has implicated dopaminergic signalling in plasticity. We investigated whether supplementation with the dopamine-precursor L-dopa improves effects of cognitive training on performance. Sixty-three participants for this randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial were recruited via newspaper advertisements. Inclusion criteria were: age of 65–75 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score >25, absence of serious medical conditions. Eligible subjects were randomly allocated to either receive 100/25 mg L-dopa/benserazide (n = 32) or placebo (n = 31) prior to each of twenty cognitive training sessions administered during a four-week period. Participants and staff were blinded to group assignment. Primary outcomes were latent variables of spatial and verbal fluid intelligence. Compared to the placebo group, subjects receiving L-dopa improved less in spatial intelligence (−0.267 SDs; 95%CI [−0.498, −0.036]; p = 0.024). Change in verbal intelligence did not significantly differ between the groups (−0.081 SDs, 95%CI [−0.242, 0.080]; p = 0.323). Subjects receiving L-dopa also progressed slower through the training and the groups displayed differential volumetric changes in the midbrain. No statistically significant differences were found for the secondary cognitive outcomes. Adverse events occurred for 10 (31%) and 7 (23%) participants in the active and control groups, correspondingly. The results speak against early pharmacological interventions in older healthy adults to improve broader cognitive functions by targeting the dopaminergic system and provide no support for learning-enhancing properties of L-dopa supplements in the healthy elderly. The findings warrant closer investigation about the cognitive effects of early dopamine-replacement therapy in neurological disorders. This trial was preregistered at the European Clinical Trial Registry, EudraCT#2016-000891-54 (2016-10-05).
Collapse
|
20
|
Orr C, Spechler P, Cao Z, Albaugh M, Chaarani B, Mackey S, D'Souza D, Allgaier N, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Burke Quinlan E, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Radhakrishnan R, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter A, Garavan H. Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Extremely Low Levels of Cannabis Use in Adolescence. J Neurosci 2019; 39:1817-1827. [PMID: 30643026 PMCID: PMC6407302 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3375-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rates of cannabis use among adolescents are high, and are increasing concurrent with changes in the legal status of marijuana and societal attitudes regarding its use. Recreational cannabis use is understudied, especially in the adolescent period when neural maturation may make users particularly vulnerable to the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain structure. In the current study, we used voxel-based morphometry to compare gray matter volume (GMV) in forty-six 14-year-old human adolescents (males and females) with just one or two instances of cannabis use and carefully matched THC-naive controls. We identified extensive regions in the bilateral medial temporal lobes as well as the bilateral posterior cingulate, lingual gyri, and cerebellum that showed greater GMV in the cannabis users. Analysis of longitudinal data confirmed that GMV differences were unlikely to precede cannabis use. GMV in the temporal regions was associated with contemporaneous performance on the Perceptual Reasoning Index and with future generalized anxiety symptoms in the cannabis users. The distribution of GMV effects mapped onto biomarkers of the endogenous cannabinoid system providing insight into possible mechanisms for these effects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Almost 35% of American 10th graders have reported using cannabis and existing research suggests that initiation of cannabis use in adolescence is associated with long-term neurocognitive effects. We understand very little about the earliest effects of cannabis use, however, because most research is conducted in adults with a heavy pattern of lifetime use. This study presents evidence suggesting structural brain and cognitive effects of just one or two instances of cannabis use in adolescence. Converging evidence suggests a role for the endocannabinoid system in these effects. This research is particularly timely as the legal status of cannabis is changing in many jurisdictions and the perceived risk by youth associated with smoking cannabis has declined in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Orr
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405,
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Philip Spechler
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Matthew Albaugh
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Scott Mackey
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Deepak D'Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Nicholas Allgaier
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS) and MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, WC2R 2LS United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Centre de recherche du CHU Ste-Justine and
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, Addiction Sciences Building, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS) and MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, WC2R 2LS United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany, Berlin, 10587 Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-University Paris Saclay, DIGITEO Labs, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry", and AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria, and
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01069 Germany
| | - Rajiv Radhakrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01069 Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS) and MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, WC2R 2LS United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| |
Collapse
|