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de Lange EM, Mol FN, van der Klei IJ, Vlijm R. STED super-resolution microscopy unveils the dynamics of Atg30 on yeast Pex3-labeled peroxisomes. iScience 2024; 27:110481. [PMID: 39156652 PMCID: PMC11326945 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are dynamic organelles with important metabolic functions. Yeast Pex3 is a multifunctional membrane protein aiding in peroxisomal biogenesis, inheritance, and degradation (pexophagy), by interacting with process-specific factors. Using multicolor (live-cell) stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy, we studied the localization of Pex3 and its binding partners in Hansenula polymorpha. Unlike confocal microscopy, STED allows resolving the membrane of tiny peroxisomes, enabling accurate measurements of the size of all Pex3-labeled peroxisomes. We localized Pex3 and its binding partners at peroxisome-repressing and -inducing conditions and during pexophagy. In-depth quantitative analysis of Pex3 and pexophagy receptor Atg30 showed dynamic changes in their (co)localization. One remarkable response of Atg30 was the shift in position from being sandwiched between clustered peroxisomes at proliferation conditions, to the cytosolically exposed parts of peroxisome clusters upon pexophagy induction. Summarizing, we show that STED allows characterizing dynamics of the localization of peroxisomal proteins in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M.F. de Lange
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank N. Mol
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ida J. van der Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rifka Vlijm
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
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2
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Guo Y, Zhou P, Qiao L, Guan H, Gou J, Liu X. Maternal protein deficiency impairs peroxisome biogenesis and leads to oxidative stress and ferroptosis in liver of fetal growth restriction offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 121:109432. [PMID: 37657642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Maternal protein malnutrition leads to liver dysfunction and increases susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adult fetal growth restriction (FGR) offspring, yet the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Peroxisomes play vital roles in fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using a well-defined rat model, the peroxins (PEXs), fatty acid metabolic enzymes, and oxidase stress regulators were investigated in the liver of FGR offspring. The results revealed that PEX3, 11b, 14, and 19 were obviously reduced in the fetal liver and lasted to adulthood, suggesting a decrease in the biogenesis and division of peroxisomes. FA metabolism enzymes and ferroptosis regulators were deregulated. To further investigate this association, small interfering RNA was employed to achieve knockdown (KD) of PEX14 in BRL cells (a rat hepatocyte line). PEX14 KD led to dysregulation of PEXs and long-chain FAs accumulation. PEX14 deficiency caused ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation, finally induced regulated cell death (including apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis). Double knock down (DKD) of PEX14 and fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (FAR1) revealed that PEX14 KD-induced ferroptosis was related with enhanced FAR1 level. DKD of PEX14 and Atg5 further confirmed that PEX14 KD-induced cell death was partly autophagy-dependent. Overall, these data demonstrate a vital role for PEX14 in maintaining peroxisome function and liver physiology, and suggest that hepatocyte peroxisome defects partly explain liver dysplasia and lipid metabolism disorders in fetal original liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Hongbo Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jian Gou
- Department of Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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3
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Colasante C, Bonilla-Martinez R, Berg T, Windhorst A, Baumgart-Vogt E. Peroxisomes during postnatal development of mouse endocrine and exocrine pancreas display cell-type- and stage-specific protein composition. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03766-6. [PMID: 37126142 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomal dysfunction unhinges cellular metabolism by causing the accumulation of toxic metabolic intermediates (e.g. reactive oxygen species, very -chain fatty acids, phytanic acid or eicosanoids) and the depletion of important lipid products (e.g. plasmalogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids), leading to various proinflammatory and devastating pathophysiological conditions like metabolic syndrome and age-related diseases including diabetes. Because the peroxisomal antioxidative marker enzyme catalase is low abundant in Langerhans islet cells, peroxisomes were considered scarcely present in the endocrine pancreas. Recently, studies demonstrated that the peroxisomal metabolism is relevant for pancreatic cell functionality. During the postnatal period, significant changes occur in the cell structure and the metabolism to trigger the final maturation of the pancreas, including cell proliferation, regulation of energy metabolism, and activation of signalling pathways. Our aim in this study was to (i) morphometrically analyse the density of peroxisomes in mouse endocrine versus exocrine pancreas and (ii) investigate how the distribution and the abundance of peroxisomal proteins involved in biogenesis, antioxidative defence and fatty acid metabolism change during pancreatic maturation in the postnatal period. Our results prove that endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cells contain high amounts of peroxisomes with heterogeneous protein content indicating that distinct endocrine and exocrine cell types require a specific set of peroxisomal proteins depending on their individual physiological functions. We further show that significant postnatal changes occur in the peroxisomal compartment of different pancreatic cells that are most probably relevant for the metabolic maturation and differentiation of the pancreas during the development from birth to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Colasante
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rocio Bonilla-Martinez
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Timm Berg
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anita Windhorst
- Institute for Medical Informatic, Justus Liebig University, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 6, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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4
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Stork BA, Dean A, Ortiz AR, Saha P, Putluri N, Planas-Silva MD, Mahmud I, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Knapp S, Lorenzi PL, Kemp BE, Turk BE, Scott JW, Means AR, York B. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 regulates hepatic fuel metabolism. Mol Metab 2022; 62:101513. [PMID: 35562082 PMCID: PMC9157561 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The liver is the primary internal metabolic organ that coordinates whole body energy homeostasis in response to feeding and fasting. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been shown to significantly improve hepatic health and peripheral insulin sensitivity upon overnutrition with high fat diet. However, the precise molecular underpinnings that explain this metabolic protection have remained largely undefined. METHODS To characterize the role of CaMKK2 in hepatic metabolism, we developed and challenged liver-specific CaMKK2 knockout (CaMKK2LKO) mice with high fat diet and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests to evaluate peripheral insulin sensitivity. We used a combination of RNA-Sequencing, glucose and fatty acid istotopic tracer studies, a newly developed Seahorse assay for measuring the oxidative capacity of purified peroxisomes, and a degenerate peptide libarary to identify putative CaMKK2 substrates that mechanistically explain the protective effects of hepatic CaMKK2 ablation. RESULTS Consistent with previous findings, we show that hepatic CaMKK2 ablation significantly improves indices of peripheral insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, we found that CaMKK2 phosphorylates and regulates GAPDH to promote glucose metabolism and PEX3 to blunt peroxisomal fatty acid catabolism in the liver. CONCLUSION CaMKK2 is a central metabolic fuel sensor in the liver that significantly contributes to whole body systems metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Stork
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adam Dean
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrea R Ortiz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pradip Saha
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - John W Scott
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony R Means
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brian York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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5
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Kanjanapruthipong T, Sukphopetch P, Reamtong O, Isarangkul D, Muangkaew W, Thiangtrongjit T, Sansurin N, Fongsodsri K, Ampawong S. Cytoskeletal Alteration Is an Early Cellular Response in Pulmonary Epithelium Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus Rather than Scedosporium apiospermum. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 83:216-235. [PMID: 33890146 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01750-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis and scedosporiosis are life-threatening fungal infections with similar clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients. Contrarily, Scedosporium apiospermum is susceptible to some azole derivative but often resistant to amphotericin B. Histopathological examination alone cannot diagnose these two fungal species. Pathogenesis studies could contribute to explore candidate protein markers for new diagnosis and treatment methods leading to a decrease in mortality. In the present study, proteomics was conducted to identify significantly altered proteins in A549 cells infected with or without Aspergillus fumigatus and S. apiospermum as measured at initial invasion. Protein validation was performed with immunogold labelling alongside immunohistochemical techniques in infected A549 cells and lungs from murine models. Further, cytokine production was measured, using the Bio-Plex-Multiplex immunoassay. The cytoskeletal proteins HSPA9, PA2G4, VAT1, PSMA2, PEX1, PTGES3, KRT1, KRT9, CLIP1 and CLEC20A were mainly changed during A. fumigatus infection, while the immunologically activated proteins WNT7A, GAPDH and ANXA2 were principally altered during S. apiospermum infection. These proteins are involved in fungal internalisation and structural destruction leading to pulmonary disorders. Interleukin (IL)-21, IL-1α, IL-22, IL-2, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α were upregulated in both aspergillosis and scedosporiosis, although more predominately in the latter, in accordance with chitin synthase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase levels. Our results demonstrated that during invasion, A. fumigatus primarily altered host cellular integrity, whereas S. apiospermum chiefly induced and extensively modulated host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapanee Kanjanapruthipong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Passanesh Sukphopetch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangnate Isarangkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Watcharamat Muangkaew
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tipparat Thiangtrongjit
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nichapa Sansurin
- Northeast Laboratory Animal Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kamonpan Fongsodsri
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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6
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Liu Y, Yu X, Huang A, Zhang X, Wang Y, Geng W, Xu R, Li S, He H, Zheng B, Chen G, Xu Y. INTS7-ABCD3 Interaction Stimulates the Proliferation and Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Suppressing Oxidative Stress. Front Physiol 2021; 12:758607. [PMID: 34880777 PMCID: PMC8647813 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adipocyte and decreased osteoblast differentiation, combined with the ectopic proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), represent the primary causes of osteoporosis. The dysregulation of numerous intracellular bioactive factors is responsible for the aberrant differentiation and growth of BM-MSCs. In this study, we focused on a new stimulative factor, integrator complex subunit 7 (INTS7), and its cooperative protein ATP-binding cassette subfamily D member 3 (ABCD3)/high-density lipoprotein-binding protein (HDLBP) in mouse BM-MSCs. We aimed to uncover the effects of the INTS7–ABCD3/HDLBP interaction on BM-MSC biological behaviors and the potential mechanism underlying these effects. Functional in vitro experiments showed that the suppression of the INTS7–ABCD3 interaction rather than HDLBP could impair BM-MSC proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. Moreover, Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining, respectively, revealed that INTS7 and ABCD3 knockdown but not HDLBP knockdown could decrease osteoblastic differentiation and accelerate the adipogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and histone γ-H2AX quantities significantly increased, whereas the levels of antioxidants declined due to INTS7 and ABCD3 inhibition in BM-MSCs. These findings indicated that the suppression of oxidative stress could be involved in the INTS7/ABCD3 co-regulatory mechanisms for BM-MSC proliferation and differentiation, identifying new potential candidates for osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Anquan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Renjie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangxiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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7
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Guan H, Guo Y, Zhu L, Jiao Y, Liu X. Peroxisome Deficiency Dysregulates Fatty Acid Oxidization and Exacerbates Lipotoxicity in β Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7726058. [PMID: 34471469 PMCID: PMC8405300 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7726058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An adverse intrauterine environment impairs the development of pancreatic islets in the fetus and leads to insufficient β cell mass and β cell dysfunction. We previously reported that Pex14, a peroxin protein involved in the biogenesis and degradation of peroxisomes, is markedly reduced in the pancreas of an intrauterine growth restriction fetus and last into adulthood. Peroxisomes function in a wide range of metabolic processes including fatty acid oxidization, ROS detoxification, and anti-inflammatory responses. To elucidate the impact of downregulation of the Pex14 gene on β cell, Pex14 was knocked down by siRNA in INS-1 cells. Pex14 knockdown disturbed peroxisomal biogenesis and dysregulated fatty acid metabolism and lipid storage capability, thereby increased ROS level and blunted insulin secretion. Moreover, Pex14 knockdown upregulated inflammation factors and regulators of endoplasmic reticulum stress. The lipotoxicity of fatty acid (including palmitic acid and linoleic acid) in β cells was exacerbated by knockdown of Pex14, as indicated by H2O2 accumulation and increased programmed cell death. The present results demonstrate the vital role of Pex14 in maintaining normal peroxisome function and β cell viability and highlight the importance of a functional peroxisomal metabolism for the detoxification of excess FAs in β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Guan
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yisheng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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8
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Yagi R, Masuda T, Ogata S, Mori A, Ito S, Ohtsuki S. Proteomic Evaluation of Plasma Membrane Fraction Prepared from a Mouse Liver and Kidney Using a Bead Homogenizer: Enrichment of Drug-Related Transporter Proteins. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4101-4113. [PMID: 32902293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the protein levels of drug transporters in plasma membrane fraction helps elucidate the function of these transporters. In this study, we conducted a proteomic evaluation of enriched drug-related transporter proteins in plasma membrane fraction prepared from mouse liver and kidney tissues using the membrane protein extraction kit and a bead homogenizer. Crude and plasma membrane fractions were prepared using either the Dounce or bead homogenizer, and protein levels were determined using quantitative proteomics. In liver tissues, the plasma membrane fractions were more enriched in transporter proteins than the crude membrane fractions; the average enrichment ratios of plasma-to-crude membrane fractions were 3.31 and 6.93 using the Dounce and bead homogenizers, respectively. The concentrations of transporter proteins in plasma membrane fractions determined using the bead homogenizer were higher than those determined using the Dounce homogenizer. Meanwhile, in kidney tissues, the plasma membrane fractions were enriched in transporters localized in the brush-border membrane to the same degree for both the homogenizers; however, the membrane fractions obtained using either homogenizer were not enriched in Na+/K+-ATPase and transporters localized in the basolateral membrane. These results indicate that fractionation, using the bead homogenizer, yielded transporter-enriched plasma membrane fractions from mouse liver and kidney tissues; however, no enrichment of basolateral transporters was observed in plasma membrane fractions prepared from kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Yagi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Seiryo Ogata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ayano Mori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Sumio Ohtsuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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9
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Ray GJ, Boydston EA, Shortt E, Wyant GA, Lourido S, Chen WW, Sabatini DM. A PEROXO-Tag Enables Rapid Isolation of Peroxisomes from Human Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101109. [PMID: 32417403 PMCID: PMC7254474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are metabolic organelles that perform a diverse array of critical functions in human physiology. Traditional isolation methods for peroxisomes can take more than 1 h to complete and can be laborious to implement. To address this, we have now extended our prior work on rapid organellar isolation to peroxisomes via the development of a peroxisomally localized 3XHA epitope tag ("PEROXO-Tag") and associated immunoprecipitation ("PEROXO-IP") workflow. Our PEROXO-IP workflow has excellent reproducibility, is easy to implement, and achieves highly rapid (~10 min post homogenization) and specific isolation of human peroxisomes, which we characterize here via proteomic profiling. By offering speed, specificity, reproducibility, and ease of use, the PEROXO-IP workflow should facilitate studies on the biology of peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jordan Ray
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Boydston
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Emily Shortt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gregory A Wyant
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sebastian Lourido
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Walter W Chen
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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10
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Cai R, Tao X, Chen Y, Starlard-Davenport A, Jones BC, Cook MN, Lu L. Pex3 is involved in the genetic regulation of Nr3c2 expression in the amygdala of mice. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112760. [PMID: 32045820 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (Nr3c2) has received increased attention as an important stress-related gene. Here, we sought to uncover candidate genes regulating the expression of Nr3c2. Using a genetical genomics approach, we identified a significant trans-regulated expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) at Chromosome 10 for Nr3c2 expression in the amygdala of BXD RI strains. We then examined genes upstream of the eQTL to identify likely regulatory candidates of Nr3c2 expression. Pex3 (peroxisomal) expression was highly correlated with that of Nr3c2, had a significant cis-regulated eQTL that mapped to the Nr3c2 eQTL region and thus emerged as the most likely regulatory candidate of Nr3c2 expression. In vitro studies showed that silencing of Pex3 by siRNA decreased Nr3c2 expression in HEK293T and SHSY5 cell lines while overexpression increased Nr3c2 expression. A relationship between the expression of these two genes was further supported by our observations that expression levels of Pex3 and Nr3c2 decreased in the amygdala of mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. Our findings provide insight into the genetic regulation of Nr3c2 expression and suggest a new role for Pex3 in stress responses. Future characterization of Pex3's role in the regulation of Nr3c2 expression and the pathways involved may lead to a better understanding of stress responses and risk for stress-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rixin Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xuelei Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Athena Starlard-Davenport
- College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas, Room 410K, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Byron C Jones
- College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas, Room 410K, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Melloni N Cook
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 406 Psychology Bldg, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
| | - Lu Lu
- College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas, Room 410K, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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11
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Label-Free Proteomics of the Fetal Pancreas Identifies Deficits in the Peroxisome in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1520753. [PMID: 31781323 PMCID: PMC6874927 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1520753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aim The objective of the present study was to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the pancreas of a fetus with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and to investigate the molecular mechanisms leading to adulthood diabetes in IUGR. Methods The IUGR rat model was induced by maternal protein malnutrition. The fetal pancreas was collected at embryonic day 20 (E20). Protein was extracted, pooled, and subjected to label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics analysis (GO and IPA) was performed to define the pathways and networks associated with DEPs. LC-MS results were confirmed by western blotting and/or quantitative PCR (q-PCR). The principal parameters of oxidative stress-superoxide dismutase (Sod) were determined in blood samples of fetal rats. Results A total of 57 DEPs (27 upregulated, 30 downregulated) were identified with a 1.5-fold change threshold and a p value ≤ 0.05 between the IUGR and the control pancreas. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins play important roles in peroxisome biogenesis and fission, fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO), mitotic cell cycle, and histone modification. The peroxin Pex14 was downregulated in the IUGR pancreas as confirmed by western blotting and q-PCR. Pmp70, a peroxisomal membrane protein involved in the transport of fatty acids, was upregulated. Hsd17b4 and Acox1/2, which catalyze different steps of peroxisomal FAO, were dysregulated. Sod plasma concentrations in the IUGR fetus were higher than those in the control, suggesting partial compensation for oxidative stress. Multiple DEPs were related to the regulation of the cell cycle, including reduced Cdk1, Mcm2, and Brd4. The histone acetylation regulators Hdac1/2 were downregulated, whereas Sirt1/3 and acetylated H3K56 were increased in the IUGR fetal pancreas. Conclusion The present study identified DEPs in the fetal pancreas of IUGR rats by proteomic analysis. Downregulation of pancreas peroxins and dysregulation of enzymes involved in peroxisomal FAO may impair the biogenesis and function of the peroxisome and may underlie the development of T2 diabetes mellitus in adult IUGR rats. Disorders of cell cycle regulators may induce cell division arrest and lead to smaller islets. The present data provide new insight into the role of the peroxisome in the development of the pancreas and may be valuable in furthering our understanding of the pathogenesis of IUGR-induced diabetes.
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12
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Huang TY, Zheng D, Hickner RC, Brault JJ, Cortright RN. Peroxisomal gene and protein expression increase in response to a high-lipid challenge in human skeletal muscle. Metabolism 2019; 98:53-61. [PMID: 31226353 PMCID: PMC7031862 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are essential for lipid metabolism and disruption of liver peroxisomal function results in neonatal death. Little is known about how peroxisomal content and activity respond to changes in the lipid environment in human skeletal muscle (HSkM). AIMS We hypothesized and tested that increased peroxisomal gene/protein expression and functionality occur in HSkM as an adaptive response to lipid oversupply. MATERIALS AND METHODS HSkM biopsies, derived from a total of sixty-two subjects, were collected for 1) examining correlations between peroxisomal proteins and intramyocellular lipid content (IMLC) as well as between peroxisomal functionality and IMLC, 2) assessing peroxisomal gene expression in response to acute- or 7-day high fat meal (HFM), and in human tissue derived primary myotubes for 3) treating with high fatty acids to induce peroxisomal adaptions. IMLC were measured by both biochemical analyses and fluorescent staining. Peroxisomal membrane protein PMP70 and biogenesis gene (PEX) expression were assessed using western blotting and realtime qRT-PCR respectively. 1-14C radiolabeled lignocerate and palmitate oxidation assays were performed for peroxisomal and mitochondrial functionality respectively. RESULTS 1) Under fasting conditions, HSkM tissue demonstrated a significant correlation (P ≪ 0.05) between IMCL and the peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19 (PEX19) protein as well as between lipid content and palmitate and lignocerate complete oxidation. 2) Similarly, post-HFM, additional PEX genes (Pex19, PEX11A, and PEX5) were significantly (P ≪ 0.05) upregulated. 3) Increments in PMP70, carnitine octanoyl transferase (CrOT), PGC-1α, and ERRα mRNA were observed post-fatty acid incubation in HSkM cells. PMP70 protein was significantly (P ≪ 0.05) elevated 48-h post lipid treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results are the first to associate IMLC with peroxisomal gene/protein expression and function in HSkM suggesting an adaptive role for peroxisomes in lipid metabolism in this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Yu Huang
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Donghai Zheng
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Robert C Hickner
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America; School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
| | - Jeffrey J Brault
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Ronald N Cortright
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Department of Surgery, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America; Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America.
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13
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Jansen RLM, Klei IJ. The peroxisome biogenesis factors Pex3 and Pex19: multitasking proteins with disputed functions. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:457-474. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renate L. M. Jansen
- Molecular Cell Biology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ida J. Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen The Netherlands
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14
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Hernando N. NaPi-IIa interacting partners and their (un)known functional roles. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:67-82. [PMID: 30022249 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The sorting and stabilization of proteins at specific subcellular domains depend upon the formation of networks build up by specific protein-protein interactions. In addition, protein networks also ensure the specificity of many regulatory processes by bringing together regulatory molecules with their targets. Whereas the success on the identification of protein-protein interactions is (up to a point) technology-driven, the assignment of functional roles to specific partners remains a major challenge. This review summarizes the work that led to the identification of partners of the Na+/phosphate cotransporter NaPi-IIa as well as the effects of the interactions in the expression and/or regulation of the cotransporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nati Hernando
- Institute of Physiology, University Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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15
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Costello JL, Schrader M. Unloosing the Gordian knot of peroxisome formation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 50:50-56. [PMID: 29475136 PMCID: PMC6525147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome biogenesis is governed by molecular machineries, which are either unique to peroxisomes or are partially shared with mitochondria. As peroxisomes have important protective functions in the cell, modulation of their number is important for human health and disease. Significant progress has been made towards our understanding of the mechanisms of peroxisome formation, revealing a remarkable plasticity of the peroxisome biogenesis pathway. Here we discuss most recent findings with particular focus on peroxisome formation in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Costello
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Schrader
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
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