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Han R, Zhu D, Sha J, Zhao B, Jin P, Meng C. Decoding the role of DNA methylation in allergic diseases: from pathogenesis to therapy. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:89. [PMID: 38965641 PMCID: PMC11225420 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases, characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and symptoms, encompass a significant category of IgE-mediated atopic disorders, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. These complex conditions arise from the intricate interplay between genetic and environmental factors and are known to contribute to socioeconomic burdens globally. Recent advancements in the study of allergic diseases have illuminated the crucial role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in their pathogenesis. This review explores the factors influencing DNAm in allergic diseases and delves into their mechanisms, offering valuable perspectives for clinicians. Understanding these epigenetic modifications aims to lay the groundwork for improved early prevention strategies. Moreover, our analysis of DNAm mechanisms in these conditions seeks to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, paving the way for more effective management of allergic diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Airway Allergic Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Jichao Sha
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Airway Allergic Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Boning Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael ST NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Cuida Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Airway Allergic Diseases, Changchun, China.
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2
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Zouali M. Swaying the advantage: multifaceted functions of inflammasomes in adaptive immunity. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38922787 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are equipped with cytoplasmic sensors that recognize diverse pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns. In cells of the myeloid lineage, activation of these sensors leads to the assembly of a multimeric protein complex, called the inflammasome, that culminates in the production of inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. Recently, investigation of the inflammasomes in lymphocytes led to the discovery of functional pathways that were initially believed to be confined to the innate arm of the immune system. Thus, the adapter protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) was documented to play a critical role in antigen uptake by dendritic cells, and regulation of T- and B-cell motility at several stages, and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) was found to act as a modulator of regulatory T-cell differentiation. Remarkably, NLRP3 was demonstrated to act as a transcription factor that controls Th2 cell polarization, and as a negative regulator of regulatory T-cell differentiation by limiting Foxp3 expression. In B lymphocytes, NLRP3 plays a role in the transcriptional network that regulates B-cell development and homing, and its activation is essential for germinal center formation and maturation of high-affinity antibody responses. Such recently discovered inflammasome-mediated functions in T and B lymphocytes offer multiple cross-talk opportunities for the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. A better understanding of the dialog between inflammasomes and intracellular components could be beneficial for therapeutic purposes in restoring immune homeostasis and mitigating inflammation in a wide range of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moncef Zouali
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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3
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Fu R, Zhao L, Guo Y, Qin X, Xu W, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Xu S. AIM2 inflammasome: A potential therapeutic target in ischemic stroke. Clin Immunol 2024; 259:109881. [PMID: 38142900 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a significant global public health issue with a high incidence, disability, and mortality rate. A robust inflammatory cascade with complex and wide-ranging mechanisms occurs following ischemic brain injury. Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes in the cytoplasm that modulate the inflammatory response by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducing cellular pyroptosis. Among these inflammasomes, the Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome shows the ability to detect a wide range of pathogen DNAs, thereby triggering an inflammatory response. Recent studies have indicated that the aberrant expression of AIM2 inflammasome in various cells is closely associated with the pathological processes of ischemic brain injury. This paper summarizes the expression and regulatory role of AIM2 in CNS and peripheral immune cells and discusses current therapeutic approaches targeting AIM2 inflammasome. These findings aim to serve as a reference for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhe Xu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueqi Cheng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.
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4
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Zhang H, Gao J, Tang Y, Jin T, Tao J. Inflammasomes cross-talk with lymphocytes to connect the innate and adaptive immune response. J Adv Res 2023; 54:181-193. [PMID: 36681114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate and adaptive immunity are two different parts of the immune system that have different characteristics and work together to provide immune protection. Inflammasomes are a major part of the innate immune system that are expressed widely in myeloid cells and are responsible for inflammatory responses. Recent studies have shown that inflammasomes are also expressed and activated in lymphocytes, especially in T and B cells, to regulate the adaptive immune response. Activation of inflammasomes is also under the control of lymphocytes. Therefore, we propose that inflammasomes act as a bridge and they provide crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune systems to obtain a fine balance in immune responses. AIM OF REVIEW This review systematially summarizes the interaction between inflammasomes and lymphocytes and describes the crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune systems induced by inflammasomes, with the aim of providing new directions and important areas for further research. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW When considering the novel function of inflammasomes in various lymphocytes, attention should be given to the activity of specific inflammasomes in studies of lymphocyte function. Moreover, research on the function of various inflammasomes in lymphocytes will help advance knowledge on the mechanisms and treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and tumors. In addition, when studying inflammatory responses, inflammasomes in both lymphocytes and myeloid cells need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Liandu District, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yujie Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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5
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Leite JA, Menezes L, Martins E, Rodrigues TS, Tavares L, Ebering A, Schelmbauer C, Martelossi Cebinelli GC, Zinina V, Golden A, Soshnikova N, Zamboni DS, Cunha FQ, Huber M, Silva JS, Waisman A, Carlos D, Saraiva Câmara NO. AIM2 promotes T H17 cells differentiation by regulating RORγt transcription activity. iScience 2023; 26:108134. [PMID: 37867943 PMCID: PMC10585393 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM2 is an interferon-inducible HIN-200 protein family member and is well-documented for its roles in innate immune responses as a DNA sensor. Recent studies have highlighted AIM2's function on regulatory T cells (Treg) and follicular T cells (Tfh). However, its involvement in Th17 cell differentiation remains unclear. This study reveals that AIM2 promotes Th17 cell differentiation. AIM2 deficiency decreases IL-17A production and downregulates key Th17 associated proteins (RORγt, IL-1R1, IL-23R). AIM2 is located in the nucleus of Th17 cells, where it interacts with RORγt, enhancing its binding to the Il17a promoter. The absence of AIM2 hinders naive CD4 T cells from differentiating into functional Th17 cells and from inducing colitis in Rag1-/- mice. This study uncovers AIM2's role as a regulator of Th17 cell transcriptional programming, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Antônio Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luísa Menezes
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Martins
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tavares
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Ebering
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Schelmbauer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Guilherme C. Martelossi Cebinelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valeriya Zinina
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Artemiy Golden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natalia Soshnikova
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dario S. Zamboni
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q. Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Center for Tumor and Immunology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - João Santana Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Project, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Carlos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Nayak P, Mukund K, Subramaniam S. The Janus face of proliferating plasmablasts in dengue and COVID-19 infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1068424. [PMID: 37638019 PMCID: PMC10450630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1068424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction B cells play an integral role in the immune response to both dengue fever and COVID-19. Prior scRNAseq analyses of peripheral plasmablasts in COVID-19 have revealed a heterogeneous population with distinct cell subsets associated with proliferation; prior studies in patients with dengue fever have likewise shown the presence of proliferative pre-plasmablasts in the circulation. These findings may have implications for disease severity. In this study, we sought to gain a mechanistic understanding of the intracellular processes in naive and memory B cells that are associated with and may lead to an expanded proliferative plasmablast population in the circulation. Methods We analyzed age-controlled (pediatric and adult), peripheral blood mononuclear cell scRNAseq datasets from patients infected with either dengue (primary or secondary) or COVID-19 (non-severe or severe) from previously published studies. Our preliminary analysis showed that pediatric patients with dengue and adults with COVID-19 had an expanded proliferative plasmablast (p-PB) population. By contrast, neither the adults with dengue nor the children with COVID-19 in our dataset had p-PBs. We used this distinctive preliminary signature to guide our analyses design and expanded our analyses to naive and memory B cells. Results In age/disease conditions with and without p-PBs, we found differences in cell sensing and activation, including via the B cell receptor and downstream signal transduction. Likewise, inflammation was mediated differently: relative to groups without p-PBs, those with p-PBs had increased expression of interferon response and S100 genes (particularly severe COVID-19). Furthermore, several transcription factors at the nexus of activation, inflammation, and cell fate decisions were expressed differently in groups with and without p-PBs. Discussion We used dengue and COVID-19 infections in adult and pediatric patients (focusing on naive B, memory B, and plasmablast cells) as a model to better understand the mechanisms that may give rise to p-PB populations in the circulation. Our results indicate that a more pro-inflammatory state in naive and memory B cells correlated with - and could influence the generation of- proliferating plasmablasts. Further exploration of these mechanisms will have implications for immune memory, vaccine development, and post-viral autoimmune syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Nayak
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kavitha Mukund
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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7
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Pilcher W, Thomas BE, Bhasin SS, Jayasinghe RG, Yao L, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Dasari S, Kim-Schulze S, Rahman A, Patton J, Fiala M, Cheloni G, Kourelis T, Dhodapkar MV, Vij R, Mehr S, Hamilton M, Cho HJ, Auclair D, Avigan DE, Kumar SK, Gnjatic S, Ding L, Bhasin M. Cross center single-cell RNA sequencing study of the immune microenvironment in rapid progressing multiple myeloma. NPJ Genom Med 2023; 8:3. [PMID: 36702834 PMCID: PMC9879959 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in understanding the pathophysiology of Multiple Myeloma (MM), the cause of rapid progressing disease in a subset of patients is still unclear. MM's progression is facilitated by complex interactions with the surrounding bone marrow (BM) cells, forming a microenvironment that supports tumor growth and drug resistance. Understanding the immune microenvironment is key to identifying factors that promote rapid progression of MM. To accomplish this, we performed a multi-center single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) study on 102,207 cells from 48 CD138- BM samples collected at the time of disease diagnosis from 18 patients with either rapid progressing (progression-free survival (PFS) < 18 months) or non-progressing (PFS > 4 years) disease. Comparative analysis of data from three centers demonstrated similar transcriptome profiles and cell type distributions, indicating subtle technical variation in scRNA-seq, opening avenues for an expanded multicenter trial. Rapid progressors depicted significantly higher enrichment of GZMK+ and TIGIT+ exhausted CD8+ T-cells (P = 0.022) along with decreased expression of cytolytic markers (PRF1, GZMB, GNLY). We also observed a significantly higher enrichment of M2 tolerogenic macrophages in rapid progressors and activation of pro-proliferative signaling pathways, such as BAFF, CCL, and IL16. On the other hand, non-progressive patients depicted higher enrichment for immature B Cells (i.e., Pre/Pro B cells), with elevated expression for markers of B cell development (IGLL1, SOX4, DNTT). This multi-center study identifies the enrichment of various pro-tumorigenic cell populations and pathways in those with rapid progressing disease and further validates the robustness of scRNA-seq data generated at different study centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Pilcher
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Beena E Thomas
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Swati S Bhasin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Reyka G Jayasinghe
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lijun Yao
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adeeb Rahman
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark Fiala
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Giulia Cheloni
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Madhav V Dhodapkar
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ravi Vij
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shaadi Mehr
- Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF), Norwalk, CT, USA
| | - Mark Hamilton
- Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF), Norwalk, CT, USA
| | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF), Norwalk, CT, USA
| | - Daniel Auclair
- Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF), Norwalk, CT, USA
| | - David E Avigan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shaji K Kumar
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Division of Hematology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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8
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Cheng H, Zhou F. AIM2 and Psoriasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1085448. [PMID: 36742336 PMCID: PMC9889639 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1085448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease occurring worldwide, with multiple systemic complications, which seriously affect the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is related to the environment, genetics, epigenetics, and dysregulation of immune cells such as T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and nonimmune cells such as keratinocytes. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a susceptibility gene locus for psoriasis, has been strongly linked to the genetic and epigenetic aspects of psoriasis and increased in expression in psoriatic keratinocytes. AIM2 was found to be activated in an inflammasome-dependent way to release IL-1β and IL-18 to mediate inflammation, and to participate in immune regulation in psoriasis, or in an inflammasome-independent way by regulating the function of regulatory T(Treg) cells or programming cell death in keratinocytes as well as controlling the proliferative state of different cells. AIM2 may also play a role in the recurrence of psoriasis by trained immunity. In this review, we will elaborate on the characteristics of AIM2 and how AIM2 mediates the development of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
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9
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Leal VNC, Pontillo A. Canonical Inflammasomes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2696:1-27. [PMID: 37578712 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3350-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune response represents the first line of host defense, and it is able to detect pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively) through a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Among these PRRs, certain cytosolic receptors of the NLRs family (specifically NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, and NAIP) or those containing at least a pyrin domain (PYD) such as pyrin and AIM2, activate the multimeric complex known as inflammasome, and its effector enzyme caspase-1. The caspase-1 induces the proteolytic maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and IL-18, as well as the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD). GSDMD is responsible for the release of the two cytokines and the induction of lytic and inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Each inflammasome receptor detects specific stimuli, either directly or indirectly, thereby enhancing the cell's ability to sense infections or homeostatic disturbances. In this chapter, we present the activation mechanism of the so-called "canonical" inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Pontillo
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
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10
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Zhang Z, Butler R, Koestler DC, Bell-Glenn S, Warrier G, Molinaro AM, Christensen BC, Wiencke JK, Kelsey KT, Salas LA. Comparative analysis of the DNA methylation landscape in CD4, CD8, and B memory lineages. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:173. [PMID: 36522672 PMCID: PMC9753273 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable evidence that epigenetic mechanisms and DNA methylation are critical drivers of immune cell lineage differentiation and activation. However, there has been limited coordinated investigation of common epigenetic pathways among cell lineages. Further, it remains unclear if long-lived memory cell subtypes differentiate distinctly by cell lineages. RESULTS We used the Illumina EPIC array to investigate the consistency of DNA methylation in B cell, CD4 T, and CD8 T naïve and memory cells states. In the process of naïve to memory activation across the three lineages, we identify considerable shared epigenetic regulation at the DNA level for immune memory generation. Further, in central to effector memory differentiation, our analyses revealed specific CpG dinucleotides and genes in CD4 T and CD8 T cells with DNA methylation changes. Finally, we identified unique DNA methylation patterns in terminally differentiated effector memory (TEMRA) CD8 T cells compared to other CD8 T memory cell subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that epigenetic alterations are widespread and essential in generating human lymphocyte memory. Unique profiles are involved in methylation changes that accompany memory genesis in the three subtypes of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Rondi Butler
- Department of Epidemiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shelby Bell-Glenn
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Gayathri Warrier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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11
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Zhao J, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) in rheumatoid arthritis: novel molecular insights and implications. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:108. [PMID: 36476420 PMCID: PMC9730612 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00402-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a member of the Pyrin and HIN domain protein family, is a cytoplasmic receptor that recognizes double-stranded DNA. AIM2 exhibits limited expression under physiological conditions but is widely expressed in many human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, and plays an essential role in the immune response. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that poses a severe threat to physical and mental health, and is caused by several genetic and metabolic factors. Multiple immune cells interact to form a complex inflammatory network that mediates inflammatory responses and bone destruction. Abnormal AIM2 expression in multiple immune cell populations (T cells, B cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, monocytes, and macrophages) may regulate multiple functional responses in RA through mechanisms such as pyroptosis, PANoptosis, and regulation of other molecules. In this review, we describe and summarize the functional regulation and impact of AIM2 expression in immune cells to improve our understanding of the complex pathological mechanisms. These insights may provide potential directions for the development of new clinical diagnostic strategies for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Dongyi He
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China ,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Jian Q, Ma Y. Pattern recognition receptor AIM2: Activation, regulation and the role in transplant immunology. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Colarusso C, Terlizzi M, Maglio A, Molino A, Candia C, Vitale C, Hansbro PM, Vatrella A, Pinto A, Sorrentino R. Activation of the AIM2 Receptor in Circulating Cells of Post-COVID-19 Patients With Signs of Lung Fibrosis Is Associated With the Release of IL-1α, IFN-α and TGF-β. Front Immunol 2022; 13:934264. [PMID: 35844548 PMCID: PMC9277546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.934264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for COVID-19, has caused a global pandemic. Observational studies revealed a condition, herein called as Long-COVID syndrome (PC), that affects both moderately and severely infected patients, reducing quality-of-life. The mechanism/s underlying the onset of fibrotic-like changes in PC are still not well defined. The goal of this study was to understand the involvement of the Absent in melanoma-2 (AIM2) inflammasome in PC-associated lung fibrosis-like changes revealed by chest CT scans. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from PC patients who did not develop signs of lung fibrosis were not responsive to AIM2 activation by Poly dA:dT. In sharp contrast, PBMCs from PC patients with signs of lung fibrosis were highly responsive to AIM2 activation, which induced the release of IL-1α, IFN-α and TGF-β. The recognition of Poly dA:dT was not due to the activation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase, a stimulator of interferon response (cGAS-STING) pathways, implying a role for AIM2 in PC conditions. The release of IFN-α was caspase-1- and caspase-4-dependent when AIM2 was triggered. Instead, the release of pro-inflammatory IL-1α and pro-fibrogenic TGF-β were inflammasome independent because the inhibition of caspase-1 and caspase-4 did not alter the levels of the two cytokines. Moreover, the responsiveness of AIM2 correlated with higher expression of the receptor in circulating CD14+ cells in PBMCs from patients with signs of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Division, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Candia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Division, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carolina Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
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14
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Ashuach T, Reidenbach DA, Gayoso A, Yosef N. PeakVI: A deep generative model for single-cell chromatin accessibility analysis. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100182. [PMID: 35475224 PMCID: PMC9017241 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) is a powerful and increasingly popular technique to explore the regulatory landscape of heterogeneous cellular populations. However, the high noise levels, degree of sparsity, and scale of the generated data make its analysis challenging. Here, we present PeakVI, a probabilistic framework that leverages deep neural networks to analyze scATAC-seq data. PeakVI fits an informative latent space that preserves biological heterogeneity while correcting batch effects and accounting for technical effects, such as library size and region-specific biases. In addition, PeakVI provides a technique for identifying differential accessibility at a single-region resolution, which can be used for cell-type annotation as well as identification of key cis-regulatory elements. We use public datasets to demonstrate that PeakVI is scalable, stable, robust to low-quality data, and outperforms current analysis methods on a range of critical analysis tasks. PeakVI is publicly available and implemented in the scvi-tools framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Ashuach
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniel A. Reidenbach
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Adam Gayoso
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg BioHub, San Francisco, CA, USA
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15
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Yang M, Long D, Hu L, Zhao Z, Li Q, Guo Y, He Z, Zhao M, Lu L, Li F, Long H, Wu H, Lu Q. AIM2 deficiency in B cells ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating Blimp-1-Bcl-6 axis-mediated B-cell differentiation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:341. [PMID: 34521812 PMCID: PMC8440614 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) has been reported to be a component of inflammasomes in innate immune cells. Surprisingly, AIM2 is expressed by B cells, and higher AIM2 expression is observed in the B cells from lupus patients. To date, the inflammasome-independent function of AIM2 in B cells remains unclear. Here, we report increased expression of AIM2 in human tonsil memory and germinal center (GC) B cells and in memory B cells and plasma cells from the circulation and skin lesions of lupus patients. Conditional knockout of AIM2 in B cells reduces the CD19+ B-cell frequency in lymph nodes and spleens, and dampens KLH-induced IgG1-antibody production. In a pristane-induced mouse model of lupus, AIM2 deficiency in B cells attenuates lupus symptoms and reduces the frequency of GC B cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, plasmablast cells, and plasma cells. Furthermore, the loss of AIM2 in human B cells leads to the increased expression of Blimp-1 and reduces the expression of Bcl-6. However, the silencing of Blimp-1 and Bcl-6 has no significant effect on AIM2 expression, indicating that AIM2 might be the upstream regulator for Blimp-1 and Bcl-6. In addition, IL-10 is found to upregulate AIM2 expression via DNA demethylation. Together, our findings reveal that AIM2 is highly expressed in the B cells of lupus patients and promotes B-cell differentiation by modulating the Bcl-6–Blimp-1 axis, providing a novel target for SLE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Long
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Longyuan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhidan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianwen Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunkai Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenghao He
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai Long
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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16
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Zhu H, Zhao M, Chang C, Chan V, Lu Q, Wu H. The complex role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:649-665. [PMID: 34014039 PMCID: PMC8342223 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a novel member of interferon (IFN)-inducible PYHIN proteins. In innate immune cells, AIM2 servers as a cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA sensor, playing a crucial role in the initiation of the innate immune response as a component of the inflammasome. AIM2 expression is increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, and primary Sjogren's syndrome, indicating that AIM2 might be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, AIM2 also plays an antitumorigenesis role in an inflammasome independent-manner. In melanoma, AIM2 is initially identified as a tumor suppressor factor. However, AIM2 is also found to contribute to lung tumorigenesis via the inflammasome-dependent release of interleukin 1β and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Additionally, AIM2 reciprocally dampening the cGAS-STING pathway causes immunosuppression of macrophages and evasion of antitumor immunity during antibody treatment. To summarize the complicated effect and role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers, herein, we provide an overview of the emerging research progress on the function and regulatory pathway of AIM2 in innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as tumor cells, and discuss its pathogenic role in autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, psoriasis, primary Sjogren's syndrome, and cancers, such as melanomas, non-small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal carcinoma, and so on, hopefully providing potential therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of California at Davis School of MedicineDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vera Chan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Institute of DermatologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingChina
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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17
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Moroney JB, Vasudev A, Pertsemlidis A, Zan H, Casali P. Integrative transcriptome and chromatin landscape analysis reveals distinct epigenetic regulations in human memory B cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5435. [PMID: 33116135 PMCID: PMC7595102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory B cells (MBCs) are long-lived and produce high-affinity, generally, class-switched antibodies. Here, we use a multiparameter approach involving CD27 to segregate naïve B cells (NBC), IgD+ unswitched (unsw)MBCs and IgG+ or IgA+ class-switched (sw)MBCs from humans of different age, sex and race. Conserved antibody variable gene expression indicates that MBCs emerge through unbiased selection from NBCs. Integrative analyses of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, chromatin accessibility and cis-regulatory elements uncover a core mRNA-ncRNA transcriptional signature shared by IgG+ and IgA+ swMBCs and distinct from NBCs, while unswMBCs display a transitional transcriptome. Some swMBC transcriptional signature loci are accessible but not expressed in NBCs. Profiling miRNAs reveals downregulated MIR181, and concomitantly upregulated MIR181 target genes such as RASSF6, TOX, TRERF1, TRPV3 and RORα, in swMBCs. Finally, lncRNAs differentially expressed in swMBCs cluster proximal to the IgH chain locus on chromosome 14. Our findings thus provide new insights into MBC transcriptional programs and epigenetic regulation, opening new investigative avenues on these critical cell elements in human health and disease. Human memory B cells differentiate from naïve B cells and can express different immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes resulted from class-switch recombination. Here the authors describe, using transcriptional and epigenetic data from human memory B cells and integrated multi-omics analyses, the differentiation regulation and trajectory of IgG+, IgA+ and IgD+ memory B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Moroney
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Anusha Vasudev
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Alexander Pertsemlidis
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Hong Zan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Paolo Casali
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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18
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Luu I, Sharma A, Guaderrama M, Peru M, Nation J, Page N, Carvalho D, Magit A, Jiang W, Leuin S, Bliss M, Bothwell M, Brigger M, Kearns D, Newbury R, Pransky S, Gilbert JA, Broderick L. Immune Dysregulation in the Tonsillar Microenvironment of Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, Adenitis (PFAPA) Syndrome. J Clin Immunol 2019; 40:179-190. [PMID: 31807979 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis and Adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is an inflammatory disorder of childhood classically characterized by recurrent fevers, pharyngitis, stomatitis, cervical adenitis, and leukocytosis. While the mechanism is unclear, previous studies have shown that tonsillectomy can be a therapeutic option with improvement in quality of life in many patients with PFAPA, but the mechanisms behind surgical success remain unknown. In addition, long-term clinical follow-up is lacking. In our tertiary care center cohort, 62 patients with PFAPA syndrome had complete resolution of symptoms after surgery (95.3%). Flow cytometric evaluation demonstrates an inflammatory cell population, distinct from patients with infectious pharyngitis, with increased numbers of CD8+ T cells (5.9% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.01), CD19+ B cells (51% vs. 35%, p < 0.05), and CD19+CD20+CD27+CD38-memory B cells (14% vs. 7.7%, p < 0.01). Cells are primed at baseline with increased percentage of IL-1β positive cells compared to control tonsil-derived cells, which require exogenous LPS stimulation. Gene expression analysis demonstrates a fivefold upregulation in IL1RN and TNF expression in whole tonsil compared to control tonsils, with persistent activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, and differential microbial signatures, even in the afebrile period. Our data indicates that PFAPA patient tonsils have localized, persistent inflammation, in the absence of clinical symptoms, which may explain the success of tonsillectomy as an effective surgical treatment option. The differential expression of several genes and microbial signatures suggests the potential for a diagnostic biomarker for PFAPA syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Luu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Kawasaki Disease, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anukriti Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisela Guaderrama
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Kawasaki Disease, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Peru
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Kawasaki Disease, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Javan Nation
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Page
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Carvalho
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Magit
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shelby Leuin
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Bliss
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marcella Bothwell
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Brigger
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donald Kearns
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Newbury
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Seth Pransky
- Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lori Broderick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Kawasaki Disease, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Rady Children's Foundation, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.
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19
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Governa V, Brittoli A, Mele V, Pinamonti M, Terracciano L, Muenst S, Iezzi G, Spagnoli GC, Zajac P, Trella E. A replication-incompetent CD154/40L recombinant vaccinia virus induces direct and macrophage-mediated antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1568162. [PMID: 31069131 PMCID: PMC6492963 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1568162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD40 triggering may result in antitumor effects of potentially high clinical relevance. To gain insights important for patient selection and to identify adequate targeting techniques, we investigated CD40 expression in human cancer tissues and generated a replication-incompetent recombinant vaccinia virus expressing CD40 ligand (rVV40L). Its effects were explored in vitro and in vivo upon direct CD40 targeting on malignant cells or macrophage activation. CD40 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tumor and stromal cells in a multi-tumor array including 836 specimens from 27 different tumor types. Established tumor cell lines were used to explore the capacity of rVV40L to induce malignant cell apoptosis and modulate functional profiles of polarized macrophages. CD40 expression was detectable in significantly higher numbers of stromal as compared to malignant cells in lung and breast cancers. CD40 ligation following rVV40L infection induced apoptosis in CD40(+) cancer cells, but only in the presence of intact specific signal transduction chain. Importantly, rVV40L infection promoted the induction of TNF-α-dependent antitumor activity of M1-like macrophages directed against CD40(-) targets. CD40-activated M1-like macrophages also displayed enhanced ability to CXCL10-dependently recruit CD8+ T cells and to efficiently present cancer cell intracellular antigens through cross-priming. Moreover, rVV-driven CD40L expression partially “re-educated” M2-like macrophages, as suggested by detectable CXCL10 and IL-12 production. Most importantly, we observed that intra-tumoral injection of rVV40L-infected human macrophages inhibits progression of human CD40(-) tumors in vivo. First evidences of anticancer activity of rVV40L strongly encourage further evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Governa
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Brittoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Mele
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Pinamonti
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Institute of Pathology, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Muenst
- Institute of Pathology, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giandomenica Iezzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale and Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Cesare Spagnoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Rome, Italy
| | - Paul Zajac
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Trella
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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The role of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in immunosenescence. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 51:11-23. [PMID: 30769150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A healthy functioning immune system is critical to stave off infectious diseases, but as humans and other organisms age, their immune systems decline. As a result, diseases that were readily thwarted in early life pose nontrivial harm and can even be deadly in late life. Immunosenescence is defined as the general deterioration of the immune system with age, and it is characterized by functional changes in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and specific blood cell types as well as changes in levels of numerous factors, particularly those involved in inflammation. Potential mechanisms underlying immunosenescence include epigenetic changes such as changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) and DNA hydroxymethylation (DNAhm) that occur with age. The purpose of this review is to describe what is currently known about the relationship between immunosenescence and the age-related changes to DNAm and DNAhm, and to discuss experimental approaches best suited to fill gaps in our understanding.
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21
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Wortmann M, Xiao X, Wabnitz G, Samstag Y, Hakimi M, Böckler D, Dihlmann S. AIM2 levels and DNA-triggered inflammasome response are increased in peripheral leukocytes of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:337-345. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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22
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are the central signaling hubs of the inflammatory response. They process cytosolic evidence of infection, cell damage, or metabolic disturbances, and elicit a pro-inflammatory response mediated by members of the interleukin-1 family of cytokines and pyroptotoic cell death. On the molecular level, this is accomplished by the sensor-nucleated recruitment and oligomerization of the adapter protein ASC. Once a tunable threshold is reached, cooperative assembly of ASC into linear filaments and their condensation into macromolecular ASC specks promotes an all-or-none response. These structures are highly regulated and provide a unique signaling platform or compartment to control the activity of caspase-1 and likely other effectors. Emerging evidence indicates that ASC specks are also released from inflammasome-activated cells and accumulate in inflamed tissues, where they can continue to mature cytokines or be internalized by surrounding cells to further nucleate ASC specks in their cytosol. Little is known about the mechanisms governing ASC speck release, uptake, and endosomal escape, as well as its contribution to inflammation and disease. Here, we describe the different outcomes of inflammasome activation and discuss the potential function of extracellular ASC specks. We highlight gaps in our understanding of this central process of inflammation, which may have direct consequences on the modulation of host responses and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo S Franklin
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Ingo Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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