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Jornayvaz FR, Gariani K, Somm E, Jaquet V, Bouzakri K, Szanto I. NADPH oxidases in healthy white adipose tissue and in obesity: function, regulation, and clinical implications. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:1799-1811. [PMID: 39315402 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, when produced in a controlled manner, are physiological modulators of healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and metabolic function. By contrast, unbridled production of oxidants is associated with pathological WAT expansion and the establishment of metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce oxidants in an orderly fashion and are present in adipocytes and in other diverse WAT-constituent cell types. Recent studies have established several links between aberrant NOX-derived oxidant production, adiposity, and metabolic homeostasis. The objective of this review is to highlight the physiological roles attributed to diverse NOX isoforms in healthy WAT and summarize current knowledge of the metabolic consequences related to perturbations in their adequate oxidant production. We detail WAT-related alterations in preclinical investigations conducted in NOX-deficient murine models. In addition, we review clinical studies that have employed NOX inhibitors and currently available data related to human NOX mutations in metabolic disturbances. Future investigations aimed at understanding the integration of NOX-derived oxidants in the regulation of the WAT cellular redox network are essential for designing successful redox-related precision therapies to curb obesity and attenuate obesity-associated metabolic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- François R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karim Gariani
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Somm
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- RE.A.D.S. Unit (Readers, Assay Development and Screening Unit), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karim Bouzakri
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ildiko Szanto
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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Oliva-Olivera W, Castellano-Castillo D, von Meyenn F, Cardona F, Lönnberg T, Tinahones FJ. Human adipose tissue-derived stem cell paracrine networks vary according metabolic risk and after TNFα-induced death: An analysis at the single-cell level. Metabolism 2021; 116:154466. [PMID: 33333081 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) might play an important role in adipose microenvironment remodelling during tissue expansion through their response to hypoxia. We examined the cytokine profiles of hypoxic visceral ASCs (hypox-visASCs) from subjects with different metabolic risk, the interactions between cytokines as well as the impact of TNFα-induced death in the behavior of surviving hypoxic subcutaneous ASCs (hypox-subASCs) both at bulk population and single-cell level. MATERIALS/METHODS Visceral adipose tissue was processed to isolate the ASCs from 33 subjects grouped into normal weight, obese with and without metabolic syndrome. Multiplex assay was used to simultaneously measure multiple inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines in hypox-visASCs from these patients and to elucidate cytokine profiles of hypox-subASCs upon stimulation with IL1β or TNFα and after TNFα-induced death. qPCR and single-cell RNA-sequencing were also performed to elucidate transcriptional impact in surviving hypox-subASCs after TNFα-induced apoptosis. RESULTS Hypox-visASCs from subjects without metabolic syndrome showed greater secretion levels of inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines compared with those from patients with metabolic syndrome. While IL-1β stimulation was sufficient to increase the secretion levels of these cytokines in hypox-subASCs, TNFα-induced apoptosis also increased their levels and impacted on the expression levels of extracellular matrix proteins, acetyl-CoA producing enzymes and redox-balance proteins in surviving hypox-subASCs. TNFα-induced apoptosis under different glucose concentrations caused selective impoverishment of cell clusters and differentially influenced gene expression profiles of surviving hypox-subASCs. CONCLUSIONS Immunoregulatory and angiogenic functions of hypox-visASCs from patients with metabolic syndrome could be insufficient to promote healthy adipose tissue expansion. TNFα-induced apoptosis may impact on functionality of hypox-subASC populations, whose differential metabolic sensitivity to death could serve to manipulate individual populations selectively in order to elucidate their role in shaping adipose heterogeneity and treating metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, Malaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Malaga, Spain.
| | | | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, Malaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Malaga, Spain
| | - Tapio Lönnberg
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, Malaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Malaga, Spain
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Exploring Therapeutic Targets to Reverse or Prevent the Transition from Metabolically Healthy to Unhealthy Obesity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071596. [PMID: 32630256 PMCID: PMC7407965 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related metabolic comorbidities are rapidly increasing worldwide, placing a huge economic burden on health systems. Excessive nutrient supply combined with reduced physical exercise results in positive energy balance that promotes adipose tissue expansion. However, the metabolic response and pattern of fat accumulation is variable, depending on the individual’s genetic and acquired susceptibility factors. Some develop metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and are resistant to obesity-associated metabolic diseases for some time, whereas others readily develop metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). An unhealthy response to excess fat accumulation could be due to susceptibility intrinsic factors (e.g., increased likelihood of dedifferentiation and/or inflammation), or by pathogenic drivers extrinsic to the adipose tissue (e.g., hyperinsulinemia), or a combination of both. This review outlines the major transcriptional factors and genes associated with adipogenesis and regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis and describes which of these are disrupted in MUO compared to MHO individuals. It also examines the potential role of pathogenic insulin hypersecretion as an extrinsic factor capable of driving the changes in adipose tissue which cause transition from MHO to MUO. On this basis, therapeutic approaches currently available and emerging to prevent and reverse the transition from MHO to MUO transition are reviewed.
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Wu C, Muhataer X, Wang W, Deng M, Jin R, Lian Z, Luo D, Li Y, Yang X. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns in patients with infection‑caused leukocytopenia based on methylation microarrays. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2335-2348. [PMID: 32323775 PMCID: PMC7185277 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between gene methylation and leukocytopenia from the perspective of gene regulation. A total of 30 patients confirmed as having post-infection leukocytopenia at People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between January 2016 and June 2017 were successively recruited as the leukocytopenia group; 30 patients with post-infection leukocytosis were enrolled as the leukocytosis group. In addition, 30 healthy volunteers who received a health examination at the hospital during the same period were included as the normal control group. In each group, four individuals were randomly selected for whole genome methylation screening. After selection of key methylation sites, the remaining samples in each group were used for verification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The levels of serum complement factors C3 and C5 in the leukocytopenia group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). According to whole-genome DNA methylation detection, 66 and 27 methylation loci may be associated with leukocytopenia and leukocytosis, respectively. Most of these abnormal loci are located on chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 1, 17 and 11. The rates of WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 gene methylation at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG)_1, CpG_5/6 and CpG_7 in the leukocytopenia group were higher than in the other two groups (P<0.05); the rate of AKT2 CpG_1 methylation was higher in the leukocytopenia group than in the other two groups (P<0.05); the rate of calcium-binding atopy-related autoantigen 1 gene CpG_2 methylation was higher in the leukocytosis group than in the normal control group (P<0.05); and the rate of NADPH oxidase 5 gene CpG_3 methylation was higher in the leukocytosis group than in the normal control group (P<0.05). Chemotactic factor secretion and cell migration abnormalities, ubiquitination modification disorders and reduced oxidative burst may participate in infection-complicated leukocytopenia. The results of this study shed new light on the molecular biological mechanisms of infection-complicated leukocytopenia and provide novel avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Xirennayi Muhataer
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Mingqin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Zhichuang Lian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
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Forghani A, Koduru SV, Chen C, Leberfinger AN, Ravnic DJ, Hayes DJ. Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived CD34+/CD31- Cells into Endothelial Cells In Vitro. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 6:101-110. [PMID: 33344757 PMCID: PMC7747864 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, CD34+/CD31- progenitor cells were isolated from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue using magnetic activated cell sorting. The endothelial differentiation capability of these cells in vitro was evaluated by culturing them in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced medium for 14 days. Viability, proliferation, differentiation and tube formation of these cells were evaluated. Cell viability study revealed that both undifferentiated and endothelial differentiated cells remained healthy for 14 days. However, the proliferation rate was higher in undifferentiated cells compared to endothelial differentiated ones. Upregulation of endothelial characteristic genes (Von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and VE Cadherin) was observed in 2D culture. However, PECAM (CD31) was only found to be upregulated after the cells had formed tube-like structures in 3D Matrigel culture. These results indicate that adipose derived CD34+/CD31- cells when cultured in VEGF induced medium, are capable differentiation into endothelial-like lineages. Tube formation of the cells started 3h after seeding the cells on Matrigel and formed more stable and connected network 24 h post seeding in presence of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoosha Forghani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Srinivas V Koduru
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashley N Leberfinger
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dino J Ravnic
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel J Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Materials Characterization Lab, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Vyas KS, Bole M, Vasconez HC, Banuelos JM, Martinez-Jorge J, Tran N, Lemaine V, Mardini S, Bakri K. Profile of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Obese and Lean Environments. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:1635-1645. [PMID: 31267153 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-019-01397-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the demand for stem cells in regenerative medicine, new methods of isolating stem cells are highly sought. Adipose tissue is a readily available and non-controversial source of multipotent stem cells that carries a low risk for potential donors. However, elevated donor body mass index has been associated with an altered cellular microenvironment and thus has implications for stem cell efficacy in recipients. This review explored the literature on adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the effect of donor obesity on cellular function. METHODS A review of published articles on obesity and ASCs was conducted with the PubMed database and the following search terms: obesity, overweight, adipose-derived stem cells and ASCs. Two investigators screened and reviewed the relevant abstracts. RESULTS There is agreement on reduced ASC function in response to obesity in terms of angiogenic differentiation, proliferation, migration, viability, and an altered and inflammatory transcriptome. Osteogenic differentiation and cell yield do not show reasonable agreement. Weight loss partially rescues some of the aforementioned features. CONCLUSIONS Generally, obesity reduces ASC qualities and may have an effect on the therapeutic value of ASCs. Because weight loss and some biomolecules have been shown to rescue these qualities, further research should be conducted on methods to return obese-derived ASCs to baseline. LEVEL V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors- www.springer.com/00266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna S Vyas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Madhav Bole
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Henry C Vasconez
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joseph M Banuelos
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jorys Martinez-Jorge
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Nho Tran
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Valerie Lemaine
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Samir Mardini
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Karim Bakri
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Nakajima I, Kojima M, Oe M, Ojima K, Muroya S, Chikuni K. Comparing pig breeds with genetically low and high backfat thickness: differences in expression of adiponectin, its receptor, and blood metabolites. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 68:54-63. [PMID: 30851697 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we characterized gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue and blood metabolites of pigs with genetically low backfat (Landrace) and high backfat (Meishan). As pigs aged from 1 wk-to 3-mo old, mRNA levels of adipose-specific genes increased, although their gene expressions coding for major enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase, and hormone-sensitive lipase) did not differ between lean and fat pigs. Instead, there were significant effects for adiponectin and its receptor AdipoR1 mRNA levels between the two breeds of which respective expressions were lower and higher in Meishan by 3 mo of age. Contrary to changes in gene expressions, the concentrations of blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), and NEFA in both breeds decreased during growth, and 3-mo-old Meishan evidenced lower glucose with higher TG than the Landrace. The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was also calculated from the measurements of fasting glucose and insulin concentration, and Meishan showed a higher value than the Landrace. We next examined these differences in Landrace and Meishan crossbreds, which were phenotypically distinguishable by the backfat thickness as the former lean type and the latter fat type. As with the purebreds, high backfat Meishan crosses showed the characteristics of lower glucose and higher TG in circulating levels and also lower adiponectin transcripts in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Collectively, our results demonstrate that levels of adiponectin and its receptor gene expressions, blood glucose, blood lipids, and HOMA-IR in pigs vary between lean and fat. These observations strongly suggest the possibility that overall metabolic differences rather than adipocyte ability itself contribute to the fatness of genetically high backfat pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nakajima
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan.
| | - M Kojima
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - M Oe
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - K Ojima
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - S Muroya
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - K Chikuni
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
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Castellano-Castillo D, Denechaud PD, Fajas L, Moreno-Indias I, Oliva-Olivera W, Tinahones F, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Cardona F. Human adipose tissue H3K4me3 histone mark in adipogenic, lipid metabolism and inflammatory genes is positively associated with BMI and HOMA-IR. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215083. [PMID: 30958852 PMCID: PMC6453466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue is considered an important metabolic tissue, in charge of energy storage as well as being able to act in systemic homeostasis and inflammation. Epigenetics involves a series of factors that are important for gene regulation or for chromatin structure, mostly DNA methylation and histone-tail modifications, which can be modified by environmental conditions (nutrition, lifestyle, smoking…). Since metabolic diseases like obesity and diabetes are closely related to lifestyle and nutrition, epigenetic deregulation could play an important role in the onset of these diseases and vice versa. However, little is known about histone marks in human adipose tissue. In a previous work, we developed a protocol for chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of frozen human adipose tissue. By using this method, this study investigates, for the first time, the H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) mark (open chromatin) on the promoter of several factors involved in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and inflammation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from human subjects with different degrees of body mass index (BMI) and metabolic disease. METHODOLOGY VAT was collected and frozen at -80°C. 100 mg VAT samples were fixed in 0.5% formaldehyde and homogenized. After sonication, the sheared chromatin was immune-precipitated with an anti-H3K4me3 antibody linked to magnetic beads and purified. H3K4me3 enrichment was analyzed by qPCR for LEP, LPL, SREBF2, SCD1, PPARG, IL6, TNF and E2F1 promoters. mRNA extraction on the same samples was performed to quantify gene expression of these genes. RESULTS H3K4me3 was enriched at the promoter of E2F1, LPL, SREBF2, SCD1, PPARG and IL6 in lean normoglycemic compared to morbid obese subjects with prediabetes. Accordingly H3K4me3 mark enrichment at E2F1, LPL, SREBF2, SCD1, PPARG and IL6 promoters was positively correlated with the BMI and the HOMA-IR. Regression analysis showed a strong relationship between the BMI with H3K4me3 at the promoter of E2F1 and LPL, and with mRNA levels of LEP and SCD. In the case of HOMA-IR, the regression analysis showed associations with H3K4me3 enrichment at the promoter of SCD1 and IL6, and with the mRNA of LEP and SCD1. Moreover H3K4me3 at the E2F1 promoter was positively associated to E2F1 mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS H3K4me3 enrichment in the promoter of LEP, LPL, SREBF2, SCD1, PPARG, IL6, TNF and E2F1 is directly associated with increasing BMI and metabolic deterioration. The H3k4me3 mark could be regulating E3F1 mRNA levels in adipose tissue, while no associations between the promoter enrichment of this mark and mRNA levels existed for the other genes studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierre-Damien Denechaud
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentro de Oncología Médica del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
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Takahashi H, Sakata N, Yoshimatsu G, Hasegawa S, Kodama S. Regenerative and Transplantation Medicine: Cellular Therapy Using Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020249. [PMID: 30781427 PMCID: PMC6406504 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by the autoimmune targeting of pancreatic β-cells, and, in the advanced stage, severe hypoinsulinemia due to islet destruction. In patients with T1DM, continuous exogenous insulin therapy cannot be avoided. However, an insufficient dose of insulin easily induces extreme hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, and intensive insulin therapy may cause hypoglycemic symptoms including hypoglycemic shock. While these insulin therapies are efficacious in most patients, some additional therapies are warranted to support the control of blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in patients who respond poorly despite receiving appropriate treatment. There has been a recent gain in the popularity of cellular therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in various clinical fields, owing to their multipotentiality, capacity for self-renewal, and regenerative and immunomodulatory potential. In particular, adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) have become a focus in the clinical setting due to the abundance and easy isolation of these cells. In this review, we outline the possible therapeutic benefits of ADMSC for the treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takahashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Naoaki Sakata
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Gumpei Yoshimatsu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Suguru Hasegawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shohta Kodama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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Oliva-Olivera W, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Alcaide-Torres J, Cardona F, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Involvement of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes in the deterioration of the functional potential of adipose-derived multipotent cells from subjects with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2018; 88:12-21. [PMID: 30172756 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expansion capacity of white adipose tissue influences the distribution of fat depots in the body, the visceral accumulation of which is linked to metabolic syndrome, regardless of the degree of obesity of the subjects. Alterations in the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) may contribute to the adipose tissue remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome and impact the regional distribution of adipose tissue by generating inherently dysfunctional adipocytes. Here we examine the expression levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes and their relationship with the lipogenic, antioxidant and oxidative potential of adipocytes generated from visceral ASCs (adipo-visASCs) and subcutaneous ASCs (adipo-subASCs) from subjects with different metabolic profiles. MATERIALS/METHODS Paired samples of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were processed to isolate the respective ASCs from normal-weight (Nw) subjects and obese patients with metabolic syndrome (METS) and without METS (NonMETS). qPCR was used to quantify the expression levels of the genes studied in both adipo-ASCs from the patient groups and those generated after silencing by small interfering RNA of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes. The accumulation of lipids was quantified by absorbance. RESULTS No significant differences in cell yield or CD34+CD31-CD45- ASC percentage were observed between the different patient groups. Unlike adipo-visASCs, adipo-subASCs from METS patients showed a decrease in expression levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes as well as proteins linked to lipogenesis, antioxidant defense and fatty acid oxidation. Transcriptional silencing of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes in adipo-subASCs reduced lipid accumulation and affected transcription levels of lipogenic and antioxidant defense proteins. CONCLUSIONS Adipo-subASCs may be more susceptible than adipo-visASCs to deterioration of the lipogenic, oxidative and antioxidant potential associated with metabolic syndrome. Intrinsic alterations in transcription levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes may contribute to the metabolic reprogramming of adipo-subASCs from METS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide-Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
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11
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Louwen F, Ritter A, Kreis NN, Yuan J. Insight into the development of obesity: functional alterations of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Obes Rev 2018. [PMID: 29521029 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with a variety of disorders including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and cancer. Obesity changes the composition and structure of adipose tissue, linked to pro-inflammatory environment, endocrine/metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have multiple functions like cell renewal, spontaneous repair and homeostasis in adipose tissue. In this review article, we have summarized the recent data highlighting that ASCs in obesity are defective in various functionalities and properties including differentiation, angiogenesis, motility, multipotent state, metabolism and immunomodulation. Inflammatory milieu, hypoxia and abnormal metabolites in obese tissue are crucial for impairing the functions of ASCs. Further work is required to explore the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its alterations and impairments. Based on these data, we suggest that deregulated ASCs, possibly also other mesenchymal stem cells, are important in promoting the development of obesity. Restoration of ASCs/mesenchymal stem cells might be an additional strategy to combat obesity and its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N N Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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