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Silva IP, Costa MGC, Costa-Pinto MFF, Silva MAA, Coelho Filho MA, Fancelli M. Volatile compounds in citrus in adaptation to water deficit and to herbivory by Diaphorina citri: How the secondary metabolism of the plant is modulated under concurrent stresses. A review. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112157. [PMID: 38871029 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Citrus plants are grown in diverse regions of the world, from subtropical to semi-arid and humid tropical areas. Through mechanisms essential for their survival, they adapt to the environmental conditions to which they are subjected. Although there is vast literature on adaptation of citrus plants to individual stresses, plant responses to interaction among different types of stresses have not been clearly examined. Abiotic or biotic stresses, or a combination of these stresses, result in reorganization of plant energy resources for defense, whether it be for resistance, tolerance, or prevention of stress. Plants generally respond to these stress factors through production of secondary metabolites, such as volatile compounds, derived from different biosynthesis and degradation pathways, which are released through distinct routes. Volatile compounds vary among plant species, meeting the specific needs of the plant. Simultaneous exposure to the stress factors of water deficit and herbivory leads to responses such as qualitative and quantitative changes in the emission of secondary metabolites, and compounds may accumulate within the leaves or predispose the plant to more quickly respond to the stress brought about by the herbivore. The genetic makeup of citrus plants can contribute to a better response to stress factors; however, studies on the emission of volatile compounds in different citrus genotypes under simultaneous stresses are limited. This review examines the effects of abiotic stress due to water deficit and biotic stress due to herbivory by Diaphorina citri in citrus plants and examines their connection with volatile compounds. A summary is made of advances in knowledge regarding the performance of volatile compounds in plant defense against both stress factors, as well as the interaction between them and possible findings in citrus plants. In addition, throughout this review, we focus on how genetic variation of the citrus species is correlated with production of volatile compounds to improve stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiara Pereira Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Márcio Gilberto Cardoso Costa
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Monique Ayala Araújo Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
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Pec M, Ferreira EA, Peñaflor MFGV. Association of Non-host Crop Plants with Mandarin in Host Location and Survival of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:304-313. [PMID: 38091236 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Research efforts have been made to develop novel tactics, such as those targeting behavioral control, for management of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vector of the causal agent of citrus Huanglongbing. Here, we investigated whether association of "Ponkan" mandarin (Citrus reticulata) with volatiles from non-host crops: avocado, passion fruit or coffee, alters host location by the Asian citrus psyllid; and whether they can be temporary hosts for the Asian citrus psyllid. In wind tunnel assays, we found that the association of mandarin seedling with avocado plant volatiles reduced in 30% the number of psyllids sitting on host plants compared to the mandarin alone. In contrast, passion fruit plant volatiles facilitated host location by psyllids, which found mandarin seedlings faster than when exposed to mandarin alone. The association with coffee volatiles did not alter the attractiveness of mandarin to the Asian citrus psyllid. Survival and half-lethal time (LT50) of D. citri fed on non-host plants were longer than those insects with water only, but shorter than those fed on mandarin. Among the non-host plants, D. citri performed better in coffee, followed by avocado and passion fruit plants. Our results indicate that the association of mandarin with avocado plant can be beneficial for Asian citrus psyllid management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Pec
- Dept of Entomology, Lab of Chemical Ecology of Insect-Plant Interaction (LEQIIP), Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Univ of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Fernanda G V Peñaflor
- Dept of Entomology, Lab of Chemical Ecology of Insect-Plant Interaction (LEQIIP), Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
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Nawaz M, Sun J, Shabbir S, Khattak WA, Ren G, Nie X, Bo Y, Javed Q, Du D, Sonne C. A review of plants strategies to resist biotic and abiotic environmental stressors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165832. [PMID: 37524179 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants exposed to a variety of abiotic and biotic stressors including environmental pollution and global warming pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services. Despite substantial literature documenting how plants adapt to distinct stressors, there still is a lack of knowledge regarding responses to multiple stressors and how these affects growth and development. Exposure of plants to concurrent biotic and abiotic stressors such as cadmium and drought, leads to pronounced inhibition in above ground biomass, imbalance in oxidative homeostasis, nutrient assimilation and stunted root growth, elucidating the synergistic interactions of multiple stressors culminating in adverse physiological outcomes. Impact of elevated heavy metal and water deficit exposure extends beyond growth and development, influencing the biodiversity of the microenvironment including the rhizosphere nutrient profile and microbiome. These findings have significant implications for plant-stress interactions and ecosystem functioning that prompt immediate action in order to eliminate effect of pollution and address global environmental issues to promote sustainable tolerance for multiple stress combinations in plants. Here, we review plant tolerance against stress combinations, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches and advanced technologies, such as omics and molecular tools, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of underlying stress tolerance mechanisms. To accelerate progress towards developing stress-tolerance in plants against multiple environmental stressors, future research in plant stress tolerance should adopt a collaborative approach, involving researchers from multiple disciplines with diverse expertise and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Nawaz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianfan Sun
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Samina Shabbir
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Ali Khattak
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guangqian Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanwen Bo
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qaiser Javed
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Technological Sciences, Department of Ecoscience, Frederiksborgvej 399, 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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Jakobina M, Łyczko J, Zydorowicz K, Galek R, Szumny A. The Potential Use of Plant Growth Regulators for Modification of the Industrially Valuable Volatile Compounds Synthesis in Hylocreus undatus Stems. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093843. [PMID: 37175252 PMCID: PMC10180215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pitaya (dragon fruit) Hylocereus is a genus which belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is native to Mexico, occurring also in other regions of Central and South America. Pitaya fruit is mainly intended for consumption and for this reason the species is grown commercially. The fruit is a rich source of vitamins, biologically active compounds, and dietary fibre. Using in vitro culture can accelerate the process of reproduction and growth of pitaya plants. Profiling of volatile compounds contained in the stem of Hylocereus undatus was carried out using the SPME-GC-MS technique. The main compounds present were hexanal, 2-hexenal and 1-hexanol. The results showed differences in the occurrence of volatile compounds between plants grown in media with an addition of BA (6-benzylaminopurine) and IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), which have been used as plant growth regulators. Statistically significant differences between the contents of volatile compounds were observed in the case of 2-hexenal and 1-hexanol. The effect of BA on reducing the amount of volatile compounds was observed. However, introduction of IAA to the in vitro medium resulted in more compounds being synthesized. This study is the first to describe the volatile compounds in the pitaya stem. The results indicate that plant hormones are able to modify the profile of volatile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jakobina
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Square 24a, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 53-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kinga Zydorowicz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Square 24a, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Renata Galek
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Square 24a, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 53-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Farahbakhsh F, Massah A, Hamzehzarghani H, Yassaie M, Amjadi Z, El-Zaeddi H, Carbonell-Barrachina AA. Comparative profiling of volatile organic compounds associated to temperature sensitive resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) in resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars at normal and elevated temperatures. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153903. [PMID: 36608365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To investigate changes in wheat resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) at normal and elevated temperatures and their effects on the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the profile of these compounds in WSMV-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) wheat cultivars were analyzed. VOCs were discovered in leaves of R and S cultivars inoculated to WSMV at 20 °C and 32 °C at 24, 48 and 72 h post inoculation (hpi) by GC. MS-HS-SPME. Many VOCs and related metabolic pathways of WSMV inoculated and control plants responded differently at low/high temperatures in R/S cultivars. Compounds such as 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and heptanal, represented the maximum abundance in R plants compared to S plants at earlier times especially, 48 hpi/20 °C. Also, at 32 °C, VOCs including heptanal and 2-pentenal had the highest increase in abundance at a later time. In addition, in R plants, several pathways were up-regulated commonly at 20 °C and 32 °C. Although, at 20 °C, they were activated at an earlier time. At 32 °C, most of these pathways were up-regulated at 72 hpi. The most important pathways correlated to combined stresses included lipoxygenase, cuticular wax biosynthesis, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis. The pathway of phenyl ethanol biosynthesis was up-regulated only at 32 °C, which probably is specifically related to resistance to heat stress. Up-regulation of the lipoxygenase pathway appears to increase vector attractiveness and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Based on these results, is suggested that there is a particular synchronized regulation of defense-related multi-dimensional VOCs emitting network that is necessary for the occurrence of wheat defense responses against WSMV and/or heat. This research highlights the challenge of global warming and the breakdown of plant resistance to viruses which requires metabolic engineering of VOCs for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Farahbakhsh
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran; Plant Protection Department, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Darab, Fars, Iran
| | - A Massah
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - H Hamzehzarghani
- Plant Protection Department, Shiraz University, Bajgah, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Yassaie
- Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Z Amjadi
- Plant Protection Department, Shiraz University, Bajgah, Shiraz, Iran
| | - H El-Zaeddi
- Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Department of Agro-Food Technology, Research Group "Food Quality and Safety", Carretera Beniel, Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; Elmergib University, Faculty of Art and Science Kasr Khiar, Department of Chemistry, 40414, Al-Khums, Libya
| | - A A Carbonell-Barrachina
- Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Department of Agro-Food Technology, Research Group "Food Quality and Safety", Carretera Beniel, Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
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Huang WQ, Zeng G, Zhi JR, Qiu XY, Yin ZJ. Exogenous Calcium Suppresses the Oviposition Choices of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Promotes the Attraction of Orius similis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) by Altering Volatile Blend Emissions in Kidney Bean Plants. INSECTS 2022; 13:1127. [PMID: 36555037 PMCID: PMC9785530 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Frankliniella occidentalis is a destructive pest of horticultural plants, while Orius similis is a natural enemy of thrips. It has been demonstrated that exogenous calcium could induce plant defenses against herbivore attack. We examined whether CaCl2 supplementation altered the volatile emissions of kidney bean plants, which influence the oviposition preference of F. occidentalis. We also assessed the influence of volatile cues on O. similis. Using Y-tube olfactometer tests, we found that exogenous CaCl2 treatment inhibited the selectivity of F. occidentalis but attracted O. similis. In addition, CaCl2 treatment reduced the oviposition preference of F. occidentalis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that CaCl2 treatment altered the number and relative abundance of the volatile compounds in kidney bean plants and that (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, β-lonone, and (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal might be potential olfactory cues. Furthermore, the results of the six-arm olfactometer test indicated that 1-octen-3-ol (10-2 μL/μL), β-lonone (10-2 μL/μL), and (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (10-3 μL/μL) repelled F. occidentalis but attracted O. similis. Overall, our results suggested that exogenous CaCl2 treatment induced defense responses in kidney bean plants, suggesting that CaCl2 supplementation may be a promising strategy to enhance the biological control of F. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qing Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of Resources and Environment, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Jun-Rui Zhi
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin-Yue Qiu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhen-Juan Yin
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Effects of Salicylic Acid Concentration and Post-Treatment Time on the Direct and Systemic Chemical Defense Responses in Maize ( Zea mays L.) Following Exogenous Foliar Application. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206917. [PMID: 36296509 PMCID: PMC9610573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a critical role in allergic reactions of plants to pathogens and acquired systemic resistance. Thus far, although some research has been conducted on the direct effects of different concentrations of SA on the chemical defense response of treated plant parts (leaves) after at multiple post-treatments times, few research has reported on the systematic effects of non-treated parts (roots). Therefore, we examined direct and systemic effects of SA concentration and time following foliar application on chemical defense responses in maize variety 5422 with two fully expanded leaves. In the experiments, maize leaves were treated with different SA concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 mM, and then, the presence of defense chemicals and enzymes in treated leaves and non-treated roots was measured at different time points of 3, 12, 24, 48, 72 h following SA foliar application. The results showed that direct and systemic effects of SA treatment to the leaf on chemical defense responses were related to SA concentration and time of measurement after spraying SA. In treated leaves, total phenolics content increased directly by 28.65% at the time point of 12 h following foliar application of 0.5 mM SA. DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H, 1, 4-benzoxazin-3 (4H)-one) content was directly enhanced by 80.56~551.05% after 3~72 h following 0.5~5.0 mM SA treatments. Polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were directly enhanced after 12~72 h following 0.5~5.0 mM SA treatments, whereas peroxidase and catalase activities were increased after 3~24 h following application of 1.0~5.0 mM SA. In non-treated roots, DIMBOA content and polyphenol oxidase activity were enhanced systematically after 3~48 h following 1.0~5.0 mM SA foliar treatments. Superoxide dismutase activities were enhanced after 3~24 h following 0.5~2.5 mM SA applications, but total phenolics content, peroxidase and catalase activity decreased in some particular concentrations or at the different times of measurement in the SA treatment. It can be concluded that SA foliar application at 1.0 and 2.5 mM produces strong chemical defense responses in maize, with the optimal induction time being 24 h following the foliar application.
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Dong Y, Li J, Zhang W, Bai H, Li H, Shi L. Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate affects the emissions of volatile compounds in lavender (Lavandula angustifolia). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:25-34. [PMID: 35649290 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), is an orthodox elicitor of secondary metabolites, including terpenoids. Lavandula angustifolia is an important aromatic plant generating, yet few studies have been performed to evaluate the function of MeJA on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in lavender. Five treatments (with concentrations of 0, 0.4, 4, 8, and 16 mM) were set, and the physiological indicators of each group were determined after 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The results illustrate that (1) MeJA could affect the diurnal rhythm of the emission of volatiles and MeJA acted in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner; (2) 8 mM MeJA treatment increased the total content of the volatiles, and the contents of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids were up-regulated 0.46- and 0.74- fold than the control at 24 h and 12 h, respectively; (3) after MeJA treatment, all the genes expression analyzed changed to varying degrees, of which 3-carene synthase (La3CARS) gene changed most significantly (7.66- to 38.02- fold than the control); (4) MeJA application was associated with a rise in glandular trichome density. The positive effects of MeJA indicate that the exogenous application of MeJA could be a beneficial mean for studies on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in lavender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongtong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Babu B, Paret ML, Martini X, Knox GW, Riddle B, Ritchie L, Aldrich J, Kalischuk M, Da Silva S. Impact of Foliar Application of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl on Rose Rosette Disease and Rose Plant Quality. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:818-827. [PMID: 34645302 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-21-0131-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rose rosette disease (RRD) caused by rose rosette emaravirus (RRV) is a major issue in the U.S. rose industry with no effective method for its management. This study evaluated the effect of foliar application of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), a plant systemic acquired resistance inducer, in reducing RRD disease severity on Rosa species cv. Radtkopink ('Pink Double Knock Out') under greenhouse conditions, and the effect of ASM on plant growth under commercial nursery production conditions. ASM at 50- or 100-mg/liter concentrations at weekly intervals significantly reduced RRD severity compared with the untreated control in two of the three greenhouse trials (P < 0.05). The plants in these trials were subsequently pruned and observed for symptoms, which further indicated that application of ASM at 50- or 100-mg/liter concentrations lowered disease severity compared with the untreated control (P < 0.05) in these two trials. Plants treated with ASM at 50- or 100-mg/liter concentrations had delayed incidence of RRD compared with the nontreated controls. Plants treated with ASM at the 50- or 100-mg/liter rate in all three trials either did not have RRV present or the virus was present in fewer leaf samples than untreated controls as indicated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis. Overall, plants treated with ASM at the 50-mg/liter concentration had 36 to 43% reduced RRD incidence compared with the water control. The treatment of two cultivars of rose, 'Radtkopink' and 'Meijocos' ('Pink Drift'), with weekly foliar applications of ASM at the three rates (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 oz/A) indicated that ASM had no negative effect on flowering or plant growth at even the highest rate of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Babu
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
| | - Mathews L Paret
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
- Plant Pathology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Xavier Martini
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Gary W Knox
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
- Horticultural Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Barron Riddle
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
| | - Laura Ritchie
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
| | - Jim Aldrich
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
| | - Melanie Kalischuk
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
| | - Susannah Da Silva
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351
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Jones SE, Killiny N. Influence of Rootstock on the Leaf Volatile Organic Compounds of Citrus Scion Is More Pronounced after the Infestation with Diaphorina citri. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112422. [PMID: 34834785 PMCID: PMC8623621 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, citrus greening or Huanglongbing is considered the most destructive disease in the citrus industry worldwide. In the Americas and Asia, the disease is caused by the putative pathogen, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and transmitted by the psyllid vector, Diaphorina citri. It has been shown that volatile organic compounds (VOC) that are released from citrus leaves attract the psyllid vector. Herein, we tested whether the rootstock influenced the stored VOC profile in the scion leaves and if these influences were altered after infestation with D. citri. The VOC profiles of the hexane-extracted leaves of the mandarin hybrid ‘Sugar Belle’ that were grafted on three different rootstocks (C-35, sour orange (SO), and US-897) with and without infestation with D. citri were studied. The GC-MS analysis showed that the scion VOC profiles of the non-infested control trees were similar to each other, and rootstock was not a strong influence. However, after one month of infestation with D. citri, clear differences in the scion VOC profiles appeared that were rootstock dependent. Although the total scion leaf VOC content did not differ between the three rootstocks, the infestation increased scion monoterpenes significantly on US-897 and C-35 rootstock, increased terpene alcohols on US-897 and SO rootstock, and increased sesquiterpenes on SO. Infestation with D. citri significantly reduced fatty acids and fatty acid esters across all of the rootstocks. Therefore, our results suggest that rootstock choice could influence scions with an inducible volatile defense by enhancing the amounts of VOCs that are available for repelling vectors or for signaling to their natural enemies or parasitoids. According to this study, US-897 may be the best choice among the three that were studied herein, due to its diverse and robust VOC defense response to infestation with D. citri.
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Deng H, Zhang Y, Reuss L, Suh JH, Yu Q, Liang G, Wang Y, Gmitter FG. Comparative Leaf Volatile Profiles of Two Contrasting Mandarin Cultivars against Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Infection Illustrate Huanglongbing Tolerance Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10869-10884. [PMID: 34499509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB), presumably caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas), is a devastating citrus disease worldwide. While all citrus are affected by HLB, some cultivars display greater tolerance; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, volatile changes in HLB-tolerant LB8-9 Sugar Belle (SB) and HLB-sensitive Murcott mandarins after CaLas infection were comprehensively compared to determine if specific volatiles are associated with HLB responses and to discern the underlying tolerance mechanisms. These cultivars emitted qualitatively and quantitatively different volatiles in response to HLB induced by artificial graft or natural psyllid inoculation. Increasing amounts of total volatiles and de novo-synthesized new volatiles were two key responses to HLB of both cultivars. Markers potentially associated with HLB and host susceptibility were identified. Terpenoid biosynthetic pathway, green leaf volatile, and thymol metabolic pathways responsive to CaLas infection were dramatically altered. SB mandarin allows simultaneous defense and growth, contributing to its greater HLB tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Deng
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Horticultural Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Horticultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Horticultural Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Laura Reuss
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Joon Hyuk Suh
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Qibin Yu
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Horticultural Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Guolu Liang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Horticultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Fred G Gmitter
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Horticultural Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
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12
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Alquézar B, Volpe HXL, Magnani RF, de Miranda MP, Santos MA, Marques VV, de Almeida MR, Wulff NA, Ting HM, de Vries M, Schuurink R, Bouwmeester H, Peña L. Engineered Orange Ectopically Expressing the Arabidopsis β-Caryophyllene Synthase Is Not Attractive to Diaphorina citri, the Vector of the Bacterial Pathogen Associated to Huanglongbing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:641457. [PMID: 33763099 PMCID: PMC7982956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.641457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease, associated with psyllid-transmitted phloem-restricted pathogenic bacteria, which is seriously endangering citriculture worldwide. It affects all citrus species and cultivars regardless of the rootstock used, and despite intensive research in the last decades, there is no effective cure to control either the bacterial species (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) or their insect vectors (Diaphorina citri and Trioza erytreae). Currently, the best attempts to manage HLB are based on three approaches: (i) reducing the psyllid population by intensive insecticide treatments; (ii) reducing inoculum sources by removing infected trees, and (iii) using nursery-certified healthy plants for replanting. The economic losses caused by HLB (decreased fruit quality, reduced yield, and tree destruction) and the huge environmental costs of disease management seriously threaten the sustainability of the citrus industry in affected regions. Here, we have generated genetically modified sweet orange lines to constitutively emit (E)-β-caryophyllene, a sesquiterpene repellent to D. citri, the main HLB psyllid vector. We demonstrate that this alteration in volatile emission affects behavioral responses of the psyllid in olfactometric and no-choice assays, making them repellent/less attractant to the HLB vector, opening a new alternative for possible HLB control in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Alquézar
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Haroldo Xavier Linhares Volpe
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Facchini Magnani
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pedreira de Miranda
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Mateus Almeida Santos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Viviani Vieira Marques
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Nelson Arno Wulff
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Hieng-Ming Ting
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michel de Vries
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Green Life Sciences Cluster, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Schuurink
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Green Life Sciences Cluster, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harro Bouwmeester
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Green Life Sciences Cluster, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leandro Peña
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, Brazil
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
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13
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A Multimodal Attract-and-Kill Device for the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11120870. [PMID: 33302349 PMCID: PMC7762613 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Control of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), a vector of Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), contributes to management of citrus greening disease (huanglongbing). We developed two prototypes of a multimodal attract-and-kill (AK) device with specific elements of color, attractant, phagostimulant, ultraviolet (UV) reflectant, and toxicant. Key sensory stimuli comprising the AK ingredients were identified in our current and previous research studies and incorporated into a yellow, slow-release wax matrix (SPLAT). This formulation was applied directly to the surface of yellow cylinders, or to corrugated plastic cards housed within perforated cylinders. Psyllids landing on the devices attempted to feed from the wax matrix, became intoxicated, died, and fell from device surfaces. Our laboratory and field experiments showed that AK devices attracted and killed significantly more adult D. citri than ordinary yellow sticky cards and remained fully active over a period of 12 weeks. Effective use of attract-and-kill for management of D. citri could reduce need for broad-spectrum insecticide sprays and encourage biological control as part of an integrated approach to huanglongbing (HLB) management in citrus. Abstract Phytophagous insects, including Asian citrus psyllids (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama), use multiple sensory modalities (vision, olfaction, and gustation,) to locate and accept host plants. We explored incorporation of several sensory cues into a multi-modal attract-and-kill device (AK device) using a three-dimensional shape to increase visibility, as well as elements of color, attractant, phagostimulant, UV reflectant, and toxicant. Attraction of adult D. citri to the device was mediated by a combination of a highly reflective yellow cylinder, a UV reflectant compound (magnesium oxide), and an odorant blend as a short-range attractant. The device surface was coated with a slow-release wax matrix (SPLAT™) augmented with a phagostimulant consisting of a 3-component blend (formic acid, acetic acid, and para-cymene) and an insecticide (β-cyfluthrin). Psyllids landing on the device attempted to feed from the wax matrix, became intoxicated, died, and fell from the device. The device remained fully active over a period of 12 weeks partly because dead psyllids or nontargets did not adhere to the surface as occurs on adhesive yellow sticky cards, the industry standard. Laboratory and field assays showed that the device attracted and killed significantly more adult D. citri than ordinary yellow sticky cards. This device or a future iteration based on the design elements of this device is expected to contribute to sustainable and environmentally appropriate management of D. citri by exploiting the psyllid’s innate behavioral responses to visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli.
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Martini X, Hughes MA, Conover D, Smith J. Use of Semiochemicals for the Management of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11110796. [PMID: 33202748 PMCID: PMC7698309 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Laurel wilt is a devastating exotic fungal disease that threatens avocado and related members of the laurel family in North America. This disease has killed over 300 million redbay trees and has caused cascading ecological impacts across the landscape. Management strategies, especially in natural forests, are limited. The ambrosia beetles that vector this disease respond strongly to odors produced by the trees, and our research indicates that it is possible to repel the beetles away from trees in a forest setting with the use of verbenone. Other compounds have been identified that can be used to trap the beetles. If used together, these strategies can be used to develop a single “push-pull” system to manage this disease in natural systems where other management strategies are not feasible. Abstract This review highlights current advances in the management of the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus, a primary vector of the pathogenic fungus, Raffaelea lauricola, that causes laurel wilt. Laurel wilt has a detrimental effect on forest ecosystems of southeastern USA, with hundreds of millions of Lauraceae deaths. Currently, preventive measures mostly focus on infected-tree removal to potentially reduce local beetle populations and/or use of preventative fungicide applications in urban trees. Use of semiochemicals may offer an opportunity for the management of X. glabratus. Research on attractants has led to the development of α-copaene lures that are now the accepted standards for X. glabratus sampling. Research conducted on repellents first included methyl salicylate and verbenone and attained significant reduction in the number of X. glabratus captured on redbay and swamp bay trees treated with verbenone. However, the death rate of trees protected with verbenone, while lower compared to untreated trees, is still high. This work underscores the necessity of developing new control methods, including the integration of repellents and attractants into a single push-pull system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Martini
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marc A. Hughes
- Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai`i at Mānoa, Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Derrick Conover
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA;
| | - Jason Smith
- School of Forest and Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
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15
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Khadka A, Allan SA, Cho D, Weeks ENI. Can the Addition of Odor and Visual Targets Enhance Attraction of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) to Sticky Traps? JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2563-2567. [PMID: 32804240 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, negatively impacts the citrus industry as it transmits Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the causal agent of citrus greening. Monitoring D. citri population levels is critical for management of vectors and citrus greening and is usually through use of yellow sticky traps. In our study, use of odors, odor blends, and visual targets were evaluated to determine whether attraction to yellow sticky traps could be improved. Methyl salicylate consistently increased D. citri attraction to decoy yellow but not to other yellow or yellow/green traps. Addition of a visual target did not enhance attraction to sticky traps. While several chemical blends were evaluated, they did not increase psyllid attraction to decoy yellow traps. The increased attraction to traps with methyl salicylate is promising and may contribute to trapping efficiency under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Khadka
- Department of Agriculture, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Sandra A Allan
- Department of Agriculture, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL
| | - Daniel Cho
- Department of Agriculture, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL
| | - Emma N I Weeks
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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16
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Xue L, Zou X, Yang XQ, Peng F, Yu DK, Du JR. Chronic periodontitis induces microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders and cognitive impairment in mice. Exp Neurol 2020; 326:113176. [PMID: 31926167 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic periodontitis (CP) is closely associated with the incidence and progression of cognitive impairment. The present study investigated the causal relationship between CP and cognitive decline and the underlying mechanism in mice. Long-term ligature around the left second maxillary molar tooth was used to induce CP in mice. Severe alveolar bone loss and inflammatory changes were observed in gingival tissues, accompanied by progressive cognitive deficits during a 12-month period. We also observed cerebral neuronal and synaptic injury and glial activation in this mouse model of CP. Furthermore, CP mice exhibited significant dysbiosis of the oral and gut microbiota, disruption of the intestinal barrier and blood-brain barrier, increases in the serum contents of proinflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and increases in brain LPS levels, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. These results indicate that CP may directly induce progressive cognitive decline and its mechanism is probably related to microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders, LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling activation and neuroinflammatory responses in mice. Therefore, the microbiota-gut-brain axis may provide the potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of CP-associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441021, China
| | - Xiao Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xue-Qin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Dong-Ke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jun-Rong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Aboshi T, Toda A, Ashitani T, Murayama T. A herbivore-induced homoterpene volatile is emitted from Basella alba leaves. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1989-1991. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1637714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An irregular C11 homoterpene, (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (DMNT) was identified as a major component of the volatile compounds emitted from Basella alba leaves induced by herbivore. The terpenes including DMNT were not detected from the leaves infected by Botrytis cinerea. These results suggested that volatile emission from B. alba leaves was induced by herbivory but not by a fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Aboshi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Toda
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
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18
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Cappellari LDR, Santoro MV, Schmidt A, Gershenzon J, Banchio E. Induction of essential oil production in Mentha x piperita by plant growth promoting bacteria was correlated with an increase in jasmonate and salicylate levels and a higher density of glandular trichomes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 141:142-153. [PMID: 31163341 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are agriculturally important soil bacteria that increase plant growth. We subjected peppermint to inoculation with three species of PGPB. After inoculation, the plants were sprayed with methyl jasmonate solution (MeJA) or SA (salicylic acid). Then, the plants were harvested and the plant growth parameters, trichome density, EO content and endogenous phytohormones were measured. Shoot fresh weight was reduced in plants inoculated and treated with MeJA whereas EO content varied depending on the MeJA concentration applied. Plants inoculated and treated with MeJA 2 mM showed the maximum increase in EO production, revealing a synergism between PGPB and MeJA. SA treatments also enhanced EO yield. The increased growth and EO production observed upon PGPB application were at least partly due to an increase in the JA and SA concentrations in the plant, as well as to an associated rise in the glandular trichome density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Del Rosario Cappellari
- Dpto. Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Campus Universitario, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Maricel Valeria Santoro
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Erika Banchio
- Dpto. Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Campus Universitario, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Zhong ZF, Zhou XJ, Lin JB, Liu XJ, Shao J, Zhong BL, Peng T. Effects of leaf colorness, pigment contents and allelochemicals on the orientation of the Asian citrus psyllid among four Rutaceae host plants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:254. [PMID: 31195973 PMCID: PMC6567656 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is the primary vector responsible for the transmission of the phloem-limited bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp., associated with huanglongbing (HLB), which causes great loss to the citrus industry. Although the roles of leaf color and volatile compounds in the orientation of ACP have been proven, the quantification of color and allelochemicals in the host plant are kept unclear, especially in wild citrus germplasms. RESULTS Chongyi wild mandarin significantly attracted more ACP than wild Hong Kong kumquat, 'Gannan zao' navel orange and orange jasmine did in the four-choice and olfactometer assays. The color parameters of the tender leaves from Chongyi wild mandarin and 'Gannan zao' were similar. The yellow color in both of them was less saturated than that of the other two plants species, but Chongyi wild mandarin had significant lower carotenoid content (P < 0.05). Notably metabolic profiling differences were observed among the healthy tender shoots from the four tested plants via UPLC-QQQ-MS and GC-MS analyses. Comparing with the other three plant species, 66 and 50 metabolites with significantly different contents in Chongyi wild mandarin were selected as UPLC-identified and GC-identified metabolites of interest (P < 0.05), respectively. Flavonoids accounted for a large group of secondary metabolites of interest, which may function as stimulants or repellents of ACP. Higher content of salicylic acid o-hexoside and lower content of (+)-jasmonic acid in Chongyi wild mandarin may lead to higher amount of methyl salicylate (an ACP attractant) and lower amount of trans-ocimene (an attractant to herbivores' natural enemies) as well as the suppression of JA-mediated wounding response. This kind of synergistic or antagonistic effect among the metabolites differentially accumulated in Chongyi wild mandarin made it a more attractive host plant to ACP. CONCLUSIONS Less saturated yellow color, high amount of attractants, low amount of repellents and insensitivity of JA-mediated wounding response are the four possible reasons why Chongyi wild mandarin attracted more ACP. This work may shed light on the olfactory and visual response of ACP to wild citrus germplasm hosts, and suggest the feasibility of developing ACP attractants or repellents patterned on potential metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zao-Fa Zhong
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhou
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jin-Bei Lin
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin-Jun Liu
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jia Shao
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ba-Lian Zhong
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ting Peng
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
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20
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George J, Shi Q, Stelinski LL, Stover E, Lapointe SL. Host Selection, Oviposition and Feeding by a Phytopathogen Vector, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), Modulated by Plant Exposure to Formic Acid. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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21
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Patt JM, Meikle WG, Niedz RP, Woods D. Synthetic Ligands of Olfactory Binding Proteins Modulate Aggregation Response of Asian Citrus Psyllid in the Presence of Host-Plant Volatiles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1891. [PMID: 30619436 PMCID: PMC6306466 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is interest in using ligands of chemosensory binding proteins (CBP) to augment an insect's responsiveness to chemosensory cues. We showed previously that combining a synthetic ligand of a CBP with limonene, a common citrus volatile, enhanced the probing response of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri). Here, we determined whether synthetic compounds, which were ligands of D. citri olfactory binding protein (OBP) DCSAP4, influenced the settling and aggregation levels of psyllids on young citrus shoots. The test ligands and Cmac scent were dispensed from a droplet of an emulsified wax product (SPLAT) placed on the bottom of each vial. The shoots were presented: (1) alone (shoot + blank SPLAT), (2) with a mixture of citrus volatiles ("Cmac scent") (shoot + SPLAT with Cmac scent), or (3) with different concentrations of test ligands (shoot + SPLAT with test ligand at concentration 1, shoot + SPLAT with test ligand at concentration 2, etc.). Depending on the availability of test ligands, sprigs, and psyllids, each test included from two to four replicates of each treatment (i.e., shoot only, shoot + Cmac scent, shoot + test ligand at concentration 1, shoot + test ligand at concentration 2, etc.); only a single test ligand was presented in each test. For each test, 200 D. citri were released in the test area and the numbers of psyllids on each sprig were counted 24 h later. Sprigs with ≥7 psyllids were considered to be an aggregation. A total of seven ligands were tested individually. Four of the ligands (654, 717, 784, and 861) modulated psyllid settling and aggregation response, causing greater settling and aggregation to sprigs presented with the Cmac scent than to those sprigs with blank SPLAT. Presentation of one of the ligands (019) resulted in an opposite effect in which psyllid settling and aggregation levels were lower on sprigs with Cmac scent than on those with blank SPLAT. There were no differences in settling levels in the different treatment vials in the Ligand 905 experiment. In the Ligand 937 experiment, settling levels did not vary significantly between treatment vials although settling levels were relatively high in all treatment vials and there was a significant treatment effect. Increased settling and aggregation levels were largely not observed with in the vials with only the test ligands, and there was little effect of ligand concentration on psyllid response levels. This suggests that the test ligands themselves did not attract the psyllids but rather modulated the psyllid's response to the Cmac scent. The results suggest that synthetic ligands of D. citri CBPs can be used to increase the effectiveness of citrus scent lures used to attract psyllids to monitoring traps and attract and kill devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Patt
- USDA-ARS U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | | | - Randall P. Niedz
- USDA-ARS U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
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Not Led by the Nose: Volatiles from Undamaged Eucalyptus Hosts Do Not Influence Psyllid Orientation. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9040166. [PMID: 30453652 PMCID: PMC6316837 DOI: 10.3390/insects9040166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are small sucking insects with high host plant specificity. Despite the primitive olfactory system of psyllids, some species have been suggested to rely on host plant volatiles (HPVs) for seasonal migration between summer deciduous hosts and winter coniferous hosts. Similarly, enhanced attraction of psyllid vectors has been observed as a result of the manipulation of host odors by plant pathogens. As yet, there are no studies of olfaction in psyllids that utilize evergreen eucalypt hosts. We investigated the behavioral responses of adults of four Eucalyptus-feeding psyllids—Ctenarytaina eucalypti, C. bipartita, Anoeconeossa bundoorensis and Glycaspis brimblecombei—to their respective HPVs in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays. We also used existing physiological data for C. eucalypti to investigate potential olfactory tuning that may modulate the preference for morphologically juvenile leaves over morphologically adult leaves. Although adult C. eucalypti were consistently repelled by HPVs from damaged host leaves, none of the species exhibited positive chemotaxis to HPVs from undamaged leaves. Surprisingly, G. brimblecombei was repelled by HPVs from undamaged host leaves. Our findings provide little support for a significant role of olfaction in host location by Eucalyptus-feeding psyllids. We propose a number of ecological hypotheses to explain these unexpected findings.
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Martini X, Coy M, Kuhns E, Stelinski LL. Temporal Decline in Pathogen-Mediated Release of Methyl Salicylate Associated With Decreasing Vector Preference for Infected Over Uninfected Plants. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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