1
|
Khajebishak Y, Faghfouri AH, Soleimani A, Madani S, Payahoo L. Exploration of meteorin-like peptide (metrnl) predictors in type 2 diabetic patients: the potential role of irisin, and other biochemical parameters. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022:hmbci-2022-0037. [PMID: 36181729 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Meteorin-like peptide (Metrnl), the newly discovered adipokines involves in glucose and lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential predictors of Metrnl by emphasizing the Irisin, glycemic indices, and lipid profile biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out on 32 obese types 2 diabetic patients, 31 healthy obese, and 30 healthy normal weight people between August 2020 and March 2021. Serum Metrnl and Irisin, fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), fasting insulin (FI), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), HbA1c and eAG levels were measured in a standard manner. To assay insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative check index (QUICKI) model were used. Quantile regression analysis with the backward elimination method was used to explore predictors. The significant level was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS Between variables entered into the model, only the group item showed to be the main predictor of Metrnl in type 2 diabetic patients. Besides, the serum level of Irisin was lower in diabetic patients, and a significant difference was detected between obese diabetic patients and the normal weight group (p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS Given the multi-causality of diabetes and also the possible therapeutic role of Metrnl in the management of type 2 diabetic patients' abnormalities, designing future studies are needed to discover other predictors of Metrnl and the related mechanisms of Metrnl in the management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Khajebishak
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Soleimani
- Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sadra Madani
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Laleh Payahoo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
D’Amuri A, Sanz JM, Lazzer S, Pišot R, Šimunič B, Biolo G, Zuliani G, Gasparini M, Narici M, Grassi B, Reggiani C, Dalla Nora E, Passaro A. Irisin Attenuates Muscle Impairment during Bed Rest through Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070999. [PMID: 36101380 PMCID: PMC9311907 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The detrimental effect of physical inactivity on muscle characteristics are well known. Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine cleaved from membrane protein fibronectin type III domain-containing protein-5 (FNDC5), mediates at least partially the metabolic benefits of exercise. This study aimed to assess the interplay between prolonged inactivity, circulating irisin, muscle performance, muscle fibers characteristics, as well as the FNDC5 gene expression (FNDC5ge) in muscle and adipose tissue among healthy subjects. Twenty-three healthy volunteers were tested before and after 14 days of Bed Rest, (BR). Post-BR circulating levels of irisin significantly increased, whereas body composition, muscle performance, and muscle fiber characteristics deteriorated. Among the subjects achieving the highest post-BR increase of irisin, the lowest reduction in maximal voluntary contraction and specific force of Fiber Slow/1, the highest increase of FNDC5ge in adipose tissue, and no variation of FNDC5ge in skeletal muscle were recorded. Subjects who had the highest FNDC5ge in adipose tissue but not in muscle tissue showed the highest circulating irisin levels and could better withstand the harmful effect of BR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D’Amuri
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.); (G.Z.)
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (S.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia; (R.P.); (B.Š.); (C.R.)
| | - Bostjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia; (R.P.); (B.Š.); (C.R.)
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, I-340149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mladen Gasparini
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Izola General Hospital, Polje 40, SI-6310 Izola-Isola, Slovenia;
| | - Marco Narici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 3, I-35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Bruno Grassi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (S.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia; (R.P.); (B.Š.); (C.R.)
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence: (E.D.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.D.N.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Puchałowicz K, Kłoda K, Dziedziejko V, Rać M, Wojtarowicz A, Chlubek D, Safranow K. Association of Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin Plasma Concentrations with Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101774. [PMID: 34679472 PMCID: PMC8534895 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalanced network of adipokines may contribute to the development of systemic low-grade inflammation, metabolic diseases and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the last decade, three classic adipokines—adiponectin, leptin and resistin—have been of particular interest in studies of patients with CAD due to their numerous properties in relation to the cardiovascular system. This has directed our attention to the association of adipokines with cardiac structure and function and the development of heart failure (HF), a common end effect of CAD. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyse the associations of plasma concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and resistin with parameters assessed in the echocardiographic examinations of CAD patients. The presented study enrolled 167 Caucasian patients (133 male; 34 female) with CAD. Anthropometric, echocardiographic and basic biochemical measurements, together with plasma concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and resistin assays, were performed in each patient. Adiponectin concentrations were negatively associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (LVSF), and positively associated with mitral valve E/A ratio (E/A), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter LVESD, and left atrium diameter (LAD). Resistin concentrations were negatively associated with E/A. Leptin concentrations, although correlated with HF severity assessed by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification, were not independently associated with the echocardiographic parameters of cardiac structure or function. In conclusion, adiponectin and resistin, but not leptin, are associated with the echocardiographic parameters of cardiac remodelling and dysfunction. These associations suggest that adiponectin and resistin might be involved in mechanisms of cardiac remodelling or compensative response. We also suggest the possible benefits of adiponectin and resistin level measurements in the monitoring of patients with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Puchałowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-4661515; Fax: +48-91-4661516
| | | | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Monika Rać
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrzej Wojtarowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: a promising biomarker and therapeutic target. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1390-1400. [PMID: 33214697 PMCID: PMC8379181 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide and impose a tremendous socioeconomic burden on individuals as well as the healthcare system. Fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) is a widely distributed transmembrane glycoprotein that can be proteolytically cleaved and secreted as irisin to regulate glycolipid metabolism and cardiovascular homeostasis. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the predictive and therapeutic role of FNDC5 in a variety of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia, metabolic cardiomyopathy, cardiac remodeling, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and obesity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Possible diverse contribution of coronary risk factors to left ventricular systolic and diastolic cavity sizes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1570. [PMID: 33452451 PMCID: PMC7810980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally believed that risk factors damage the coronary arteries, cause myocardial ischemia, and consequently change the shape of the heart. On the other hand, each of the risk factors may also have a negative effect on the heart. However, it is very difficult to examine the effects of each of these risk factors independently. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate statistical method and apply it efficiently. In this study, the effects of coronary risk factors on left ventricular size and cardiac function were investigated using structure equation modeling (SEM), and were shown as Bayesian SEM-based frequency polygons using selected two-dimensional contours. This study showed that each risk factor directly affected the shape of the heart. Because vascular risk and heart failure risk are likely to evolve at the same time, managing risk factors is very important in reducing the heart failure pandemic.
Collapse
|
6
|
Thermogenic adipocytes: lineage, function and therapeutic potential. Biochem J 2020; 477:2071-2093. [PMID: 32539124 PMCID: PMC7293110 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic inflexibility, defined as the inability to respond or adapt to metabolic demand, is now recognised as a driving factor behind many pathologies associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in the ability of an organism to sense, adapt to and counteract environmental changes. It provides a buffer in times of nutrient excess, a fuel reserve during starvation and the ability to resist cold-stress through non-shivering thermogenesis. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing combined with lineage tracing, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses have identified novel adipocyte progenitors that give rise to specialised adipocytes with diverse functions, some of which have the potential to be exploited therapeutically. This review will highlight the common and distinct functions of well-known adipocyte populations with respect to their lineage and plasticity, as well as introducing the most recent members of the adipocyte family and their roles in whole organism energy homeostasis. Finally, this article will outline some of the more preliminary findings from large data sets generated by single-cell transcriptomics of mouse and human adipose tissue and their implications for the field, both for discovery and for therapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Spychalska-Zwolińska M, Anaszewicz M, Wiśniewska J, Mieczkowski A, Kowalczyk G, Banaś W, Czerniak B, Suppan K, Lis K, Żbikowska-Gotz M, Bartuzi Z, Budzyński J. Blood adipocytokine concentration in patients with peripheral artery disease. INT ANGIOL 2020; 39:500-508. [PMID: 33086778 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-9590.20.04479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory responses mediated by adipocytokines may affect both atherosclerosis development and progression, as well as the risk of in-stent restenosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between blood leptin, adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations and the 1-year outcome of superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenting. METHODS Blood concentrations of leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were determined in 70 patients undergoing SFA stenting due to intermittent claudication and in 40 patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS). All subjects were followed up for at least 1 year in relation to the occurrence of clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) or a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). RESULTS Patients undergoing SFA stenting and CAS had similar blood adipocytokine concentrations. Patients with diabetes mellitus presented a higher leptin concentration, lower adiponectin-to-leptin ratio, and lower blood adiponectin concentration indexed to fat mass (FM) and to visceral adiposity score (VAS). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, blood concentration of TNF-α indexed to FM and to VAS was higher in patients who underwent TLR and MACE. However, in multifactorial analysis, the severity of atherosclerosis lesions in the femoropopliteal vascular region, estimated in relation to TASC-II classification, was the only predictor of TLR. CONCLUSIONS Circulating adipocytokines did not distinguish patients with different clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. Higher ratios of TNF-α -to-FM and to VAS before SFA stenting were related to TLR and MACE occurrence. Dysregulation in adipocytokine secretion may be a potential mediator of a proatherogenic action of diabetes mellitus in patients with peripheral artery disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Spychalska-Zwolińska
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marzena Anaszewicz
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Wiśniewska
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Artur Mieczkowski
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Gabriel Kowalczyk
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wioletta Banaś
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Beata Czerniak
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karol Suppan
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kinga Lis
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Żbikowska-Gotz
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Bartuzi
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jacek Budzyński
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland -
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baig M, Alghalayini KW, Gazzaz ZJ, Atta H. Association of Serum Omentin-1, Chemerin, and Leptin with Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Risk Factors. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1183-1188. [PMID: 32968377 PMCID: PMC7501013 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.6.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the association of serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its risk factors among individuals admitted with AMI to the coronary care unit (CCU). Methods: The current case-control study was conducted at the CCU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), in 2016-2018. A total of 122 AMI patients admitted to CCU, and 52 BMI and age-matched healthy subjects, between 30 and 65 years of age, were included. Results: Chemerin and omentin-1 are independent predictors of the incidence of MI. Furthermore, serum omentin-1 was significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be significantly raised among the individuals with AMI compared to the healthy subjects, and no notable change was found in the serum leptin level. Serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin were significantly correlated with weight, BMI, waist circumference in patients, and control subjects. Binary logistic regression analysis displayed that the occurrence of MI is positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TC, TG, LDL-C, hsCRP, and chemerin and in a negative manner with HDL-C, and omentin. The chemerin and omentin-1 were also linked with the MI in multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: The present results indicated that the serum omentin levels were significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be markedly raised among patients. No change was found in serum leptin levels. Serum chemerin and omentin-1 levels were independently associated with the MI. It appears that these parameters may be used to assess the risk spectrum of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Baig
- Dr. Mukhtiar Baig, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Waheeb Alghalayini
- Dr. Kamal Waheeb Alghalayini, SBIM. Consultant Cardiologist, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Dr. Zohair Jamil Gazzaz, Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Atta
- Dr. Hazem Atta, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Erşan S, Erşan EE. Effects of Hypnotherapy on Weight Loss and thus on Serum Leptin, Adiponectin, and Irisin Levels in Obese Patients. J Altern Complement Med 2020; 26:1047-1054. [PMID: 32716207 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate effects of hypnotherapy on weight loss and thus on leptin, adiponectin (ADP), and irisin levels in obese patients who presented to the psychiatry outpatient clinic to participate in hypnotherapy sessions to develop a healthy and balanced diet. Methods: The study sample included 32 individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 and who completed the 10-week hypnotherapy. First, the Personal Information Form was handed out to the participants and then each participant's weight (in the morning on an empty stomach) and height were measured and BMI was determined. Five-milliliter blood samples were drawn before the first session, and then irisin, leptin, and ADP levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Then, they participated in hypnotherapy sessions once a week for 10 weeks. At the end of the 10-week hypnotherapy, 5 mL of blood was taken again and the aforementioned biochemical analyses were performed. BMIs were measured again. Results: The mean BMI values of the patients were 33.43 ± 5.28 and 31.45 ± 4.98 at the beginning and end of the hypnotherapy sessions, respectively. Serum leptin, ADP, and irisin levels, which were 9.48 ± 5.48, 6.73 ± 3.27, and 1.43 ± 1.14, respectively, at the beginning of the hypnotherapy sessions, were 6.47 ± 2.69, 7.68 ± 3.34, and 1.53 ± 1.21, respectively, at the end of the hypnotherapy sessions. The results showed that BMI and serum leptin levels decreased significantly after the hypnotherapy sessions, whereas serum ADP and irisin levels increased significantly. Conclusions: This study indicates that hypnotherapy in obesity treatment leads to weight loss in obese patients and thus to considerable changes in leptin, ADP, and irisin levels. Hypnotherapy is easy to apply, cheap, and effective; has no potential for side effects; and can be applied both alone and in combination with other treatments. However, to confirm its effects, further studies should be conducted on this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Erşan
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry and Medical Faculty, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Etem Erdal Erşan
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Packer M. Link Between Synovial and Myocardial Inflammation: Conceptual Framework to Explain the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients with Systemic Rheumatic Diseases. Card Fail Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with a broad range of systemic rheumatic diseases are at increased risk of heart failure (HF), an event that is not related to traditional cardiovascular risk factors or underlying ischaemic heart disease. The magnitude of risk is linked to the severity of arthritic activity, and HF is typically accompanied by a preserved ejection fraction. Subclinical evidence for myocardial fibrosis, microcirculatory dysfunction and elevated cardiac filling pressures is present in a large proportion of patients with rheumatic diseases, particularly those with meaningful systemic inflammation. Drugs that act to attenuate pro-inflammatory pathways (methotrexate and antagonists of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1) may ameliorate myocardial inflammation and cardiac structural abnormalities and reduce the risk of HF events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, US and Imperial College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Packer M. Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammation Can Cause the Distinctive Pattern of Cardiovascular Disorders Seen in Psoriasis. Am J Med 2020; 133:267-272. [PMID: 31520623 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disorder that can target adipose tissue; the resulting adipocyte dysfunction is manifest clinically as the metabolic syndrome, which is present in ≈20%-40% of patients. Epicardial adipose tissue inflammation is likely responsible for a distinctive pattern of cardiovascular disorders consisting of 1) accelerated coronary atherosclerosis leading to myocardial infarction, 2) atrial myopathy leading to atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic stroke, and 3) ventricular myopathy leading to heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. If cardiovascular inflammation drives these risks, then treatments that focus on blood pressure, lipids, and glucose will not ameliorate the burden of cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriasis, especially in those who are young and have severe inflammation. Instead, interventions that alleviate systemic and adipose tissue inflammation may not only minimize the risks of atrial fibrillation and heart failure but may also have favorable effects on the severity of psoriasis. Viewed from this perspective, the known link between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease is not related to the influence of the individual diagnostic components of the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Imperial College, London.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Packer M. Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Am J Med 2020; 133:170-177. [PMID: 31622581 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The most common causes of chronic liver disease in the developed world-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-are the hepatic manifestations of an insulin-resistant state that is linked to visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation. NAFLD and NASH lead to an expansion of epicardial adipose tissue and the release of proinflammatory adipocytokines that cause microcirculatory dysfunction and fibrosis of the adjoining myocardium, resulting in atrial fibrillation as well as heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Inflammatory changes in the left atrium lead to electroanatomical remodeling; thus, NAFLD and NASH markedly increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. Simultaneously, patients with NAFLD or NASH commonly show diastolic dysfunction or latent HFpEF. Interventions include 1) weight loss by caloric restriction, bariatric surgery, or intensive exercise, and 2) drugs that ameliorate fat-mediated inflammation in both the liver and heart (eg, statins, metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and pioglitazone). Patients with NAFLD or NASH commonly have an inflammation-related atrial and ventricular myopathy, which may contribute to symptoms and long-term outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Imperial College, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nakajima T, Toyoda S, Inoue T. Local Epicardial Adipose Tissue Deposits and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Circ J 2020; 84:156-157. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University
- Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University
- Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital
| | - Teruo Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University
- Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Sawaguchi T, Nakajima T, Haruyama A, Hasegawa T, Shibasaki I, Nakajima T, Kaneda H, Arikawa T, Obi S, Sakuma M, Ogawa H, Takei Y, Toyoda S, Nakamura F, Abe S, Fukuda H, Inoue T. Association of serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations with echocardiographic parameters and pathophysiological states in patients with cardiovascular disease receiving cardiovascular surgery. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225008. [PMID: 31703113 PMCID: PMC6839852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin and adiponectin are important regulators of energy metabolism and body composition. Leptin exerts cardiodepressive effects, whereas adiponectin has cardioprotective effects, but several conflicting findings have been reported. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between serum leptin and adiponectin levels and echocardiographic parameters and pathophysiological states in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) receiving cardiovascular surgery. A total of 128 patients (79 males, average age 69.6 years) that had surgery for CVD including coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and valve replacement were recruited in this study. Preoperative serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with preoperative echocardiographic findings. Body fat volume and skeletal muscle volume index (SMI) were estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. We also measured grip strength and gait speed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the recommendations of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia. Positive correlations were found between adiponectin and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), age, left atrial diameter (LAD), E/e’ (early-diastolic left ventricular inflow velocity / early-diastolic mitral annular velocity), and left atrial volume index (LAVI). Negative correlations were observed between adiponectin and body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), triglyceride, hemoglobin, and albumin. Serum leptin was positively correlated with BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, body fat volume, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF), whereas it was negatively correlated with BNP and echocardiographic parameters (LAD, LV mass index (LVMI), and LAVI). Multiple regression analysis showed associations between log (leptin) and log (adiponectin) and echocardiographic parameters after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. Serum adiponectin was negatively correlated with leptin, but positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), an inflammatory cytokine. In males, serum leptin level had a positive correlation with skeletal muscle volume and SMI. However, adiponectin had a negative correlation with anterior mid-thigh muscle thickness, skeletal muscle volume and SMI. And, it was an independent predictive factor in males for sarcopenia even after adjusted by age. These results suggest that leptin and adiponectin may play a role in cardiac remodeling in CVD patients receiving cardiovascular surgery. And, adiponectin appears to be a marker of impaired metabolic signaling that is linked to heart failure progression including inflammation, poor nutrition, and muscle wasting in CVD patients receiving cardiovascular surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sawaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akiko Haruyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaneda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takuo Arikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Syotaro Obi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakuma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hironaga Ogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuusuke Takei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Nakamura
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University, Chiba Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shichiro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Teruo Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ishtiaq SM, Rashid H, Hussain Z, Arshad MI, Khan JA. Adiponectin and PPAR: a setup for intricate crosstalk between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:253-261. [PMID: 31656991 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin, a soluble adipocytokine, plays an important role in the functioning of adipose tissue and in the regulation of inflammation, particularly hepatic inflammation. The adiponectin subsequently imparts a crucial role in metabolic and hepato-inflammatory diseases. The most recent evidences indicate that lipotoxicity-induced inflammation in the liver is associated with obesity-derived alterations and remolding in adipose tissue that culminates in most prevalent liver pathology named as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A comprehensive crosstalk of adiponectin and its cognate receptors, specifically adiponectin receptor-2 in the liver mediates ameliorative effects in obesity-induced NAFLD by interaction with hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Recent studies highlight the implication of molecular mediators mainly involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and obesity-driven NAFLD, however, the plausible mechanisms remain elusive. The present review aimed at collating the data regarding mechanistic approaches of adiponectin and adiponectin-activated PPARs as well as PPAR-induced adiponectin levels in attenuation of hepatic lipoinflammation. Understanding the rapidly occurring adiponectin-mediated pathophysiological outcomes might be of importance in the development of new therapies that can potentially resolve obesity and obesity-associated NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Momna Ishtiaq
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zulfia Hussain
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | | | - Junaid Ali Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lopez-Canoa JN, Baluja A, Couselo-Seijas M, Naveira AB, Gonzalez-Melchor L, Rozados A, Martínez-Sande L, García-Seara J, Fernandez-Lopez XA, Fernandez AL, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Eiras S, Rodriguez-Mañero M. Plasma FABP4 levels are associated with left atrial fat volume in persistent atrial fibrillation and predict recurrence after catheter ablation. Int J Cardiol 2019; 292:131-135. [PMID: 31005413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imaging techniques have shown the association between left atrial adipose tissue (LAAT) volume and atrial fibrillation (AF) risk. PURPOSE To analyze 1) adipokines in peripheral and atrial plasma from patients undergoing AF ablation; 2) its association with LAAT volume measured by multislice CT and 3) its predictive value for AF recurrence. METHODS Seventy consecutive patients undergoing AF catheter ablation were screened. Blood samples were extracted from the left atrium and peripheral vein before catheter ablation. Multiplex fluorimetric immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoassay and Western blot techniques were used for analyzing some adipokines, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and leptin and perilipin analysis, respectively. Patients were followed up with clinical visits until one year after ablation. Generalized additive regression (GAM) was used for determining the best indicator of LAAT volume. Logistic regression analysis determined the best predictor of AF recurrence after persistent AF catheter ablation. RESULTS Our results showed 1) differences in the levels of FABP4 between peripheral and left atrial blood samples. 2) persistent AF patients had higher LAAT volume than those with paroxysmal AF (5.12 ± 2.76 vs. 3.82 ± 1.81 mL; p < 0.036). FABP4 was the best adipokine associated with LAAT in persistent AF (p < 0.01) 3) and predictive value for AF recurrence after catheter ablation (AUC-ROC 0.883 with 95% CI 0.739-1.028). CONCLUSIONS Plasma FABP4 levels, which were associated with LAAT volume in persistent AF, can be predictors of recurrence after catheter ablation. Whether persistent AF patients require more intensive management and monitoring according to FABP4 deserves further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Nicolas Lopez-Canoa
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Aurora Baluja
- Critical Patient Translational Research Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Spain
| | | | | | - Laila Gonzalez-Melchor
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Adriana Rozados
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Sande
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Seara
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - X Alberte Fernandez-Lopez
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - A L Fernandez
- Heart Surgery Department of University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodriguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela and Cardiology group of Health Research Institute, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|