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Preece EP, Otten TG, Cooke J. Use of multiple sampling techniques for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin monitoring in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under different hydrologic regimes. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116585. [PMID: 38878417 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are a growing water quality problem in the upper San Francisco Estuary (California), also known as the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. We conducted cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin monitoring from 2020 to 2023, which spanned California's driest consecutive 3-year period and one of the wettest years on record (2023). To assess the impact of CHABs over this range of hydrologic conditions, we monitored invasive Asian Clams (Corbicula fluminea) for microcystin contamination and used molecular tools (qPCR and sequencing) to characterize cyanobacteria in the water column. We also used solid phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) samplers to track microcystins (MCs) and other cyanotoxins in 2023. During the drought years, record breaking MCs, in excess of 1000 μg/L, were documented in water grab samples and Asian clams also accumulated higher MCs relative to the wet year. However, MCs were present in Asian clams during the entire study period. SPATT's confirmed MC presence during wet 2023 and sequencing results corroborated the integrative sampler findings. Yet, no MC was detected in water grab samples at our primary sampling sites during the drought year of 2022 or the wet year of 2023. This highlights the importance of using multiple sampling modalities to provide a more accurate assessment of MC contamination, especially in large estuaries where traditional discrete monitoring can easily miss episodic and transient CHAB events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen P Preece
- California Department of Water Resources, 3500 Industrial Blvd, West Sacramento, CA 95691, United States of America; Robertson-Bryan, Inc., 3100 Zinfandel Drive, St 300, Rancho Cordova, CA, United States of America.
| | - Timothy G Otten
- Bend Genetics, LLC., 107 Scripps Drive St 210. Sacramento, CA, United States of America
| | - Janis Cooke
- Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, 11020 Sun Center Drive, St 200, Rancho Cordova, CA, United States of America
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2
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Yangyao J, Chen H, Wang Y, Kan P, Yao J, Zhang D, Sun W, Yao Z. Metagenomic insights into the functional genes across transects in a typical estuarine marsh. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159593. [PMID: 36272486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt marshes are potentially one of the most efficient carbon (C) sinks worldwide and perform important ecosystem functions, but sea level rise alters marsh sediments properties and thus threatens microbial roles in ecosystem functioning. Yet, the mechanisms of interactions of biochemical processes with microorganisms and their functions are still not fully understood. Here, this study investigated metagenomic taxonomic and functional profiling from the water-land conjugation up to about 300 m, 1000 m, and 2500 m in three parallel transects, respectively, in Hangzhou Bay, China. The results showed that soil physicochemical factors drove metagenomic taxonomic and functional genes in the 2500-m transect significantly different from other sites. The 2500-m transect had a greater abundance of Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria but lower in Proteobacteria. The metagenomic functional genes related to Phosphorus Metabolism (PHO) and Potassium Metabolism (POT) increased in the 2500 m. Additionally, nutrient-cycling functions and the genera of Anaeromyxobacter, Roseiflexus, and Geobacter related to PHO, POT at 2500 m were significantly greater than those of other transects. Carbon cycling functions within Carbohydrates (CHO) also differed significantly across transects. These research results demonstrated that the relative abundance of metagenomic microorganisms and their functional genes were significantly separated across the three transects. The vegetation type, salinity, and soil properties might be among the influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Yangyao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuanfang Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peiying Kan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Institute of Ocean Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiafeng Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Demin Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - WeiWei Sun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Institute of Ocean Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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3
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Malashenkov D, Dashkova V, Vorobjev IA, Barteneva NS. Optimizing FlowCam Imaging Flow Cytometry Operation for Classification and Quantification of Microcystis Morphospecies. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2635:245-258. [PMID: 37074667 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3020-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis is a globally known cyanobacterium causing potentially toxic blooms worldwide. Different morphospecies with specific morphological and physiological characters usually co-occur during blooming, and their quantification employing light microscopy can be time-consuming and problematic. A benchtop imaging flow cytometer (IFC) FlowCam (Yokogawa Fluid Imaging Technologies, USA) was used to identify and quantitate different Microcystis morphospecies from environmental samples. We describe here the FlowCam methodology for sample processing and analysis of five European morphospecies of Microcystis common to the temperate zone. The FlowCam technique allows detection of different Microcystis morphospecies providing objective qualitative and quantitative data for statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Malashenkov
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Veronika Dashkova
- PhD Program in Science, Engineering and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ivan A Vorobjev
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Natasha S Barteneva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- The EREC, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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4
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Lehman PW, Kurobe T, Huynh K, Lesmeister S, Teh SJ. Covariance of Phytoplankton, Bacteria, and Zooplankton Communities Within Microcystis Blooms in San Francisco Estuary. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:632264. [PMID: 34163439 PMCID: PMC8215387 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.632264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystis blooms have occurred in upper San Francisco Estuary (USFE) since 1999, but their potential impacts on plankton communities have not been fully quantified. Five years of field data collected from stations across the freshwater reaches of the estuary were used to identify the plankton communities that covaried with Microcystis blooms, including non-photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic genera using a suite of analyses, including microscopy, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and shotgun metagenomic analysis. Coherence between the abundance of Microcystis and members of the plankton community was determined by hierarchal cluster analysis (CLUSTER) and type 3 similarity profile analysis (SIMPROF), as well as correlation analysis. Microcystis abundance varied with many cyanobacteria and phytoplankton genera and was most closely correlated with the non-toxic cyanobacterium Merismopoedia, the green algae Monoraphidium and Chlamydomonas, and the potentially toxic cyanobacteria Pseudoanabaena, Dolichospermum, Planktothrix, Sphaerospermopsis, and Aphanizomenon. Among non-photosynthetic bacteria, the xenobiotic bacterium Phenylobacterium was the most closely correlated with Microcystis abundance. The coherence of DNA sequences for phyla across trophic levels in the plankton community also demonstrated the decrease in large zooplankton and increase in small zooplankton during blooms. The breadth of correlations between Microcystis and plankton across trophic levels suggests Microcystis influences ecosystem production through bottom-up control during blooms. Importantly, the abundance of Microcystis and other members of the plankton community varied with wet and dry conditions, indicating climate was a significant driver of trophic structure during blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy W. Lehman
- Division of Environmental Services, California Department of Water Resources, West Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Tomofumi Kurobe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Khiet Huynh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Lesmeister
- Division of Environmental Services, California Department of Water Resources, West Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Swee J. Teh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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5
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Ballesteros I, Terán P, Guamán-Burneo C, González N, Cruz A, Castillejo P. DNA barcoding approach to characterize microalgae isolated from freshwater systems in Ecuador. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1920296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ballesteros
- AgroScience & Food Research Group, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Paulina Terán
- AgroScience & Food Research Group, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Nory González
- AgroScience & Food Research Group, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandra Cruz
- Ingeniería en Biotecnología. Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pablo Castillejo
- Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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6
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Garner E, Davis BC, Milligan E, Blair MF, Keenum I, Maile-Moskowitz A, Pan J, Gnegy M, Liguori K, Gupta S, Prussin AJ, Marr LC, Heath LS, Vikesland PJ, Zhang L, Pruden A. Next generation sequencing approaches to evaluate water and wastewater quality. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 194:116907. [PMID: 33610927 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of next generation sequencing (NGS) is revolutionizing the potential to address complex microbiological challenges in the water industry. NGS technologies can provide holistic insight into microbial communities and their functional capacities in water and wastewater systems, thus eliminating the need to develop a new assay for each target organism or gene. However, several barriers have hampered wide-scale adoption of NGS by the water industry, including cost, need for specialized expertise and equipment, challenges with data analysis and interpretation, lack of standardized methods, and the rapid pace of development of new technologies. In this critical review, we provide an overview of the current state of the science of NGS technologies as they apply to water, wastewater, and recycled water. In addition, a systematic literature review was conducted in which we identified over 600 peer-reviewed journal articles on this topic and summarized their contributions to six key areas relevant to the water and wastewater fields: taxonomic classification and pathogen detection, functional and catabolic gene characterization, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiling, bacterial toxicity characterization, Cyanobacteria and harmful algal bloom identification, and virus characterization. For each application, we have presented key trends, noteworthy advancements, and proposed future directions. Finally, key needs to advance NGS technologies for broader application in water and wastewater fields are assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Garner
- Wadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University, 1306 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States.
| | - Benjamin C Davis
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Erin Milligan
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Matthew Forrest Blair
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Ishi Keenum
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Ayella Maile-Moskowitz
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Jin Pan
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Mariah Gnegy
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Krista Liguori
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Suraj Gupta
- The Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Aaron J Prussin
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Linsey C Marr
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Lenwood S Heath
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, 225 Stranger Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Liqing Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, 225 Stranger Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Amy Pruden
- Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 1145 Perry Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
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7
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Acuña S, Baxa D, Lehman P, Teh F, Deng D, Teh S. Determining the Exposure Pathway and Impacts of Microcystis on Threadfin Shad, Dorosoma petenense, in San Francisco Estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:787-798. [PMID: 31900949 PMCID: PMC7155034 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis spp. could affect fish health through the ingestion of colonies as well as exposure to dissolved microcystins in the water column. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the dietary exposure pathway through which Microcystis spp. blooms may affect liver function and nutritional status using a novel approach involving multiple analytical methods to assess the potential risk. Our study was conducted using threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense, which is a pelagic fish commonly exposed to Microcystis spp. blooms in the upper San Francisco Estuary. The approach incorporated published and optimized methods that offer multiple lines of evidence including in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, histopathology, condition factor indices, and nutritional profiles. Measurements of threadfin shad health and tissue condition were conducted at sites where Microcystis was present or absent during the 2007 bloom season. The results showed that dietary exposure to fish from Microcystis blooms resulted in the accumulation of microcystin in the gut and liver tissues of threadfin shad collected from the sites with blooms. Although toxicity endpoints were likely confounded by antecedent conditions, our findings demonstrate dietary exposure of Microcystis toxins to fish using a novel approach with multiple lines of evidence. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:787-798. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Acuña
- Metropolitan Water District of Southern CaliforniaSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dolores Baxa
- University of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Peggy Lehman
- California Department of Water ResourcesWest SacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Swee Teh
- University of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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8
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Salt Shock Responses of Microcystis Revealed through Physiological, Transcript, and Metabolomic Analyses. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12030192. [PMID: 32197406 PMCID: PMC7150857 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The transfer of Microcystis aeruginosa from freshwater to estuaries has been described worldwide and salinity is reported as the main factor controlling the expansion of M. aeruginosa to coastal environments. Analyzing the expression levels of targeted genes and employing both targeted and non-targeted metabolomic approaches, this study investigated the effect of a sudden salt increase on the physiological and metabolic responses of two toxic M. aeruginosa strains separately isolated from fresh and brackish waters, respectively, PCC 7820 and 7806. Supported by differences in gene expressions and metabolic profiles, salt tolerance was found to be strain specific. An increase in salinity decreased the growth of M. aeruginosa with a lesser impact on the brackish strain. The production of intracellular microcystin variants in response to salt stress correlated well to the growth rate for both strains. Furthermore, the release of microcystins into the surrounding medium only occurred at the highest salinity treatment when cell lysis occurred. This study suggests that the physiological responses of M. aeruginosa involve the accumulation of common metabolites but that the intraspecific salt tolerance is based on the accumulation of specific metabolites. While one of these was determined to be sucrose, many others remain to be identified. Taken together, these results provide evidence that M. aeruginosa is relatively salt tolerant in the mesohaline zone and microcystin (MC) release only occurs when the capacity of the cells to deal with salt increase is exceeded.
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9
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Bolotaolo M, Kurobe T, Puschner B, Hammock BG, Hengel MJ, Lesmeister S, Teh SJ. Analysis of Covalently Bound Microcystins in Sediments and Clam Tissue in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, USA. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E178. [PMID: 32183091 PMCID: PMC7150880 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms compromise human and environmental health, mainly due to the cyanotoxins they often produce. Microcystins (MCs) are the most commonly measured group of cyanotoxins and are hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, and cytotoxic. Due to MCs ability to covalently bind to proteins, quantification in complex matrices is difficult. To analyze bound and unbound MCs, analytical methods were optimized for analysis in sediment and clam tissues. A clean up step was incorporated to remove lipids, improving percent yield. This method was then applied to sediment and clam samples collected from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (Delta) in the spring and fall of 2017. Water samples were also tested for intracellular and extracellular MCs. These analyses were used to quantify the partitioning of MCs among sediment, clams, and water, and to examine whether MCs persist during non-summer months. Toxin analysis revealed that multiple sediment samples collected in the Delta were positive for MCs, with a majority of the positive samples from sites in the San Joaquin River, even while water samples from the same location were below detection limit. These data highlight the importance of analyzing MCs in complex matrices to accurately evaluate environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bolotaolo
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (T.K.); (B.G.H.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Tomofumi Kurobe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (T.K.); (B.G.H.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Birgit Puschner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bruce G Hammock
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (T.K.); (B.G.H.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Matt J. Hengel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Sarah Lesmeister
- California Department of Water Resources, West Sacramento, CA 95814, USA;
| | - Swee J. Teh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (T.K.); (B.G.H.); (S.J.T.)
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10
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Hung T, Rosales M, Kurobe T, Stevenson T, Ellison L, Tigan G, Sandford M, Lam C, Schultz A, Teh S. A pilot study of the performance of captive-reared delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus in a semi-natural environment. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 95:1517-1522. [PMID: 31613989 PMCID: PMC6916271 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A captive breeding programme was developed in 2008 for delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus in reaction to dramatic population decline over several decades. We took 526 sub-adult captive-reared delta smelt and cultured them for 200 days without providing artificial food or water quality management to assess their performance once released in the wild. The results indicated captive-reared sub-adult delta smelt could survive in a semi-natural environment with uncontrolled water quality and naturally produced wild prey through spawning and into their post spawning phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien‐Chieh Hung
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marlin Rosales
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tomofumi Kurobe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell BiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Troy Stevenson
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Luke Ellison
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Galen Tigan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marade Sandford
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chelsea Lam
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell BiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew Schultz
- Mid‐Pacific Region, Bay‐Delta Office, U.S. Bureau of ReclamationSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Swee Teh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell BiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
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11
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Tanabe Y, Yamaguchi H, Sano T, Kawachi M. A novel salt-tolerant genotype illuminates the sucrose gene evolution in freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5561441. [PMID: 31504438 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is a water bloom-forming cyanobacterium found in fresh and brackish water ecosystems worldwide. Previously, we showed that several instances of M. aeruginosa bloom in brackish water can be explained by the proliferation of salt-tolerant M. aeruginosa strains harboring genes for a compatible solute sucrose. However, evolutionary history of sucrose genes in M. aeruginosa remains unclear because salt-tolerant strains have been poorly described. Here, we characterized a novel salt-tolerant strain of M. aeruginosa (NIES-4325) isolated from the brackish water of Lake Abashiri, Japan. A whole-genome analysis of M. aeruginosa NIES-4325 identified genes for sucrose synthesis (sppA, spsA and susA). Quantitative sucrose and gene expression analyses suggested that sucrose is implicated in acclimation to high salt in NIES-4325. Notably, the sucrose genes of M. aeruginosa are monophyletic, yet sucrose genes of NIES-4325 are highly divergent from those of other salt-tolerant M. aeruginosa strains. This suggests an early sucrose gene import into M. aeruginosa from other cyanobacteria, followed by multiple losses during intraspecific diversification. One of a few survivors of salt-tolerant strains is a likely donor of recent horizontal spreads of sucrose genes across M. aeruginosa lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuhiko Tanabe
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Haruyo Yamaguchi
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Sano
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kawachi
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
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